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Hill EB, Konigsberg IR, Ir D, Frank DN, Jambal P, Litkowski EM, Lange EM, Lange LA, Ostendorf DM, Scorsone JJ, Wayland L, Bing K, MacLean PS, Melanson EL, Bessesen DH, Catenacci VA, Stanislawski MA, Borengasser SJ. The Microbiome, Epigenome, and Diet in Adults with Obesity during Behavioral Weight Loss. Nutrients 2023; 15:3588. [PMID: 37630778 PMCID: PMC10458964 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to the gut microbiome, epigenome, and diet, yet these factors have not been studied together during obesity treatment. Our objective was to evaluate associations among gut microbiota (MB), DNA methylation (DNAme), and diet prior to and during a behavioral weight loss intervention. Adults (n = 47, age 40.9 ± 9.7 years, body mass index (BMI) 33.5 ± 4.5 kg/m2, 77% female) with data collected at baseline (BL) and 3 months (3 m) were included. Fecal MB was assessed via 16S sequencing and whole blood DNAme via the Infinium EPIC array. Food group and nutrient intakes and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores were calculated from 7-day diet records. Linear models were used to test for the effect of taxa relative abundance on DNAme and diet cross-sectionally at each time point, adjusting for confounders and a false discovery rate of 5%. Mean weight loss was 6.2 ± 3.9% at 3 m. At BL, one MB taxon, Ruminiclostridium, was associated with DNAme of the genes COL20A1 (r = 0.651, p = 0.029), COL18A1 (r = 0.578, p = 0.044), and NT5E (r = 0.365, p = 0.043). At 3 m, there were 14 unique MB:DNAme associations, such as Akkermansia with DNAme of GUSB (r = -0.585, p = 0.003), CRYL1 (r = -0.419, p = 0.007), C9 (r = -0.439, p = 0.019), and GMDS (r = -0.559, p = 0.046). Among taxa associated with DNAme, no significant relationships were seen with dietary intakes of relevant nutrients, food groups, or HEI scores. Our findings indicate that microbes linked to mucin degradation, short-chain fatty acid production, and body weight are associated with DNAme of phenotypically relevant genes. These relationships offer an initial understanding of the possible routes by which alterations in gut MB may influence metabolism during weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Hill
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.B.H.)
| | - Iain R. Konigsberg
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
| | - Diana Ir
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Purevsuren Jambal
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.B.H.)
| | - Elizabeth M. Litkowski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ethan M. Lange
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Danielle M. Ostendorf
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jared J. Scorsone
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Liza Wayland
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristen Bing
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paul S. MacLean
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Edward L. Melanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel H. Bessesen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Victoria A. Catenacci
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maggie A. Stanislawski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (I.R.K.)
| | - Sarah J. Borengasser
- Section of Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (E.B.H.)
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Serra HCOA, Rudakoff LCS, Muniz AKOA, Magalhães EIDS, Bragança MLBM, Silva AAMD, Vianna EDSO, Bettiol H, Barbieri MA. Association between the Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Asthma in Adults from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Nutrients 2023; 15:3165. [PMID: 37513583 PMCID: PMC10386360 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultra-processed Food (UPF) consumption can play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the consumption of UPF and asthma. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1857 adults aged 23-25 years from the Ribeirão Preto-SP birth cohort (1978/1979). The exposure variable was the consumption of UPF (expressed as their percentage contribution to energy intake-% total caloric value [%TCV] and their percentage contribution to the amount of food ingested-%grams), which was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Asthma was the outcome and was defined based on a positive methacholine challenge test and the presence of wheezing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath over the last 12 months. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate the association between these variables. Unadjusted analyses and analyses adjusted for sex, age, household income, smoking, and physical activity level were performed. RESULTS The prevalence of asthma in the sample was 13.2%. The mean total consumption of UPF was 37.9 ± 11.2% TCV (corresponding to 35.1 ± 15.1% grams). There was no association between the consumption of UPF and asthma in adults. CONCLUSION This study provides no evidence for an association between the consumption of UPF and asthma in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Heloisa Bettiol
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Barbieri
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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Agraib LM, Al Hourani HM, Al-Shami IK, Alkhatib BM, Al-Jawaldeh A. Association between dietary fatty acid patterns and obesity indices in Jordanian adults: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17938. [PMID: 37455990 PMCID: PMC10344746 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ratios of fatty acids in different diets and their connection to chronic diseases including obesity and CVD have been researched. The current study set out to detect the dietary fatty acid patterns among Jordanian adults and their relationships with obesity indices. Methods The data of 1096 adults were extracted from a household food consumption patterns survey study. Food intake was analyzed, and fatty acid patterns were determined. After anthropometric measurements, obesity indices were calculated. Results Two fatty acid patterns were determined (High fatty acids from Protein and Olive Oil sources pattern, and the low Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) pattern), explaining an overall variance of 41.78% and 24.31%, respectively. A significant difference in obesity scores through fatty acids pattern quartiles was only seen among female participants. Q4 of the "High fatty acids from Protein and Olive Oil sources" pattern had a significantly higher means of body mass index (25.12 ± 0.46; p = 0.015), waist-to-height-ratio (0.51 ± 0.01; p = 0.002), weight-adjusted waist index (10.13 ± 0.09; p = 0.021) and body roundness index (3.61 ± 0.15; p = 0.007) compared to Q1, while Q4 of "Low EPA and DHA" pattern had significantly higher means of waist circumference (WC) (86.28 ± 1.34) and a body shape index (ABSI) (10.12 ± 0.30) in comparison to Q1 (WC = 81.55 ± 1.08 and ABSI = 9.07 ± 0.22; p = 0.025, 0.013; respectively). In females, there was a significant association between the "High fatty acids from Protein and Olive Oil sources" pattern and all the obesity indices. Conclusion Our results suggest that an increase in the high fatty acids from Protein and Olive Oil sources pattern is associated with a reduction in obesity indices, which is opposite to the low EPA and DHA pattern. This was a sex-specific association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana M. Agraib
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan
| | - Huda M. Al Hourani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University. Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Islam K. Al-Shami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University. Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Buthaina M. Alkhatib
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University. Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
- Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, World Health Organization, Cairo 7608, Egypt
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Muniz SCRS, Barbieri MA, Sanches GF, Arruda SPM, da Silva AAM, Sartorelli DS, Bettiol H. Dietary pattern changes, obesity and excess body fat in adults of a Brazilian birth cohort. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:191-202. [PMID: 35722666 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have assessed dietary patterns (DPs) and the changes in these patterns over time in adults. The present study aimed to investigate whether possible changes in DPs in two assessments are associated with obesity and excess body fat. METHODS A prospective study was conducted in which data were collected from 1082 adults of a Brazilian birth cohort during two periods 15 years apart (T1: 2002-2004; T2: 2016-2017). Food consumption was assessed in both periods using validated food frequency questionnaires. Three similar DPs were found in the two assessments, and adherence to these patterns was classified as prudent, risk or mixed. Nine DPs changes were defined. At T2, subjects with a body mass index ≥ 30.0 kg m- ² were classified as obese, and men and women with a body fat (BF) percentage ≥ 25.0 and ≥ 35.0, respectively, were classified as having excess BF. A directed acyclic graph was built to adjust the association for confounding variables. RESULTS At T2, 34.4% of the subjects were obese and 61.4% had excess BF. In the adjusted analysis, the changes associated with obesity and excess BF were prudent-mixed (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04-2.29 and PR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.10-1.65), risk-risk (PR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.03-2.13 and PR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.04-1.53), risk-mixed (PR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.05-2.31 and PR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.07-1.63) and mixed-risk (PR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.10-2.35 and PR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.04-1.58). CONCLUSIONS A decline in food quality over time or stagnation in an unhealthy DP can lead to obesity and excess BF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C R S Muniz
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco A Barbieri
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle F Sanches
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniela S Sartorelli
- Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Bettiol
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Rodríguez-Ramírez S, Martinez-Tapia B, González-Castell D, Cuevas-Nasu L, Shamah-Levy T. Westernized and Diverse Dietary Patterns Are Associated With Overweight-Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in Mexican Adult Men. Front Nutr 2022; 9:891609. [PMID: 35811984 PMCID: PMC9263742 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.891609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mexican adults is very high. To identify the dietary characteristics related with this disorder is necessary to design intervention. The objective was to analyze the association between dietary patterns and obesity in Mexican adults.Materials and MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study carried out in Mexican adults (20–59 years old) participating in the Halfway National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016. Participants (n = 5,735) were classified as having normal weight, overweight-obesity and by their abdominal circumference as having abdominal obesity or not. With information from a 7-day food frequency questionnaire, we used a K-means cluster analysis to derive dietary patterns and calculated a healthy diet indicator to evaluate quality. The association between dietary patterns and overweight-obesity and abdominal obesity was assessed with Poisson regression models adjusted by some characteristics.ResultsWe identified a Rural pattern characterized by tortilla, legumes and egg consumption; a Diverse pattern, characterized by fruits, meat and poultry, vegetables, and dairy beverages, and desserts; and a Westernized pattern, characterized by sweetened non-dairy beverages, fast food, bakery and cookies, candies and salty snacks. In men, Westernized pattern was associated with overweight-obesity (PR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.97–1.27), and abdominal obesity (PR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.00–1.33), the Diverse pattern was associated with overweight-obesity (PR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.00–1.38), and abdominal obesity (PR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.07–1.50), compared with the Rural pattern. In women, these dietary patterns were not associated with obesity.DiscussionWesternized and Diverse patterns are associated with overweight and obesity and abdominal obesity in men. Gender-specific recommendations and surveillance are necessary in the Mexican adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Brenda Martinez-Tapia
- Center for Research on Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Brenda Martinez-Tapia
| | - Dinorah González-Castell
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Lucía Cuevas-Nasu
- Center for Research on Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Center for Research on Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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Dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors among Brazilians: a population based study in Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Nutrition 2022; 98:111626. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Barbieri MA, Ferraro AA, Simões VMF, Goldani MZ, Cardoso VC, Moura da Silva AA, Bettiol H. Cohort Profile: The 1978-79 Ribeirao Preto (Brazil) birth cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 51:27-28g. [PMID: 34564724 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antônio Barbieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Zubaran Goldani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Viviane Cunha Cardoso
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Heloisa Bettiol
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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da Silva SU, Alves MDA, de Vasconcelos FDAG, Gonçalves VSS, Barufaldi LA, de Carvalho KMB. Association between body weight misperception and dietary patterns in Brazilian adolescents: Cross-sectional study using ERICA data. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257603. [PMID: 34555063 PMCID: PMC8460023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between body image and eating behaviors or weight control strategies has been demonstrated in the scientific literature, but there is a lack of evidence on the association between weight misperception and food consumption indicators in adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the association between weight misperception and dietary patterns (DPs) in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). It was a national school-based cross-sectional study conducted among students aged 12-17 years. Data were collected in the form of anthropometric measurements, responses in self-answered questionnaires, and 24-h dietary recall. The following variables were assessed: weight underestimation and overestimation (independent variables), which were defined as the presence of a disagreement between nutritional status and self-perceived weight; dietary patterns (dependent variables), defined by a posteriori method using principal component factor analysis; and individual and demographic variables (covariates). Data analysis was performed using the Poisson regression models method, stratified by sex. A total of 52,038 adolescents with normal weights were evaluated. The weight misperception prevalence was 34.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33.0, 35.0). Three DPs were identified: "Traditional Brazilian," "Processed meat sandwiches and coffee," and "Ultra-processed and sweet foods." In girls, weight underestimation was directly associated with the "Traditional Brazilian" (1.24; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.43) and "Ultra-processed and sweet foods" DPs (1.29; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.54), and overestimation was inversely associated with all the DPs. In boys, a direct association between underestimation and the "Ultra-processed and sweet foods" DP (1.29; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.51) was found. Overestimation was inversely associated with the "Traditional Brazilian" DP (0.79; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.99). The inverse association between overestimation and the "Traditional Brazilian" DP, and the direct association between underestimation and the "Ultra-processed and sweet foods" DP indicated that weight misperception was related to unhealthy eating habits in Brazilian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simoni Urbano da Silva
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Graduate Program of Public Health, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Mariane de Almeida Alves
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Population Research Division, Brazilian National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Gut Microbiota Profile and Its Association with Clinical Variables and Dietary Intake in Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062032. [PMID: 34199239 PMCID: PMC8231825 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to differentiate gut microbiota composition of overweight/obese and lean subjects and to determine its association with clinical variables and dietary intake. A cross-sectional study was performed with 96 overweight/obese subjects and 32 lean subjects. Anthropometric parameters were positively associated with Collinsella aerofaciens, Dorea formicigenerans and Dorea longicatena, which had higher abundance the overweight/obese subjects. Moreover, different genera of Lachnospiraceae were negatively associated with body fat, LDL and total cholesterol. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were negatively associated with the genus Intestinimonas, a biomarker of the overweight/obese group, whereas SFAs were positively associated with Roseburia, a biomarker for the lean group. In conclusion, Dorea formicigenerans, Dorea longicatena and Collinsella aerofaciens could be considered obesity biomarkers, Lachnospiraceae is associated with lipid cardiovascular risk factors. SFAs exhibited opposite association profiles with butyrate-producing bacteria depending on the BMI. Thus, the relationship between diet and microbiota opens new tools for the management of obesity.
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Koutras Y, Chrysostomou S, Poulimeneas D, Yannakoulia M. Examining the associations between a posteriori dietary patterns and obesity indexes: Systematic review of observational studies. Nutr Health 2021; 28:149-162. [PMID: 34100659 DOI: 10.1177/02601060211020975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few reports on the association of population-derived dietary patterns with excess body weight, using the approach of a systematic review currently exist. AIM The aim of the present systematic review was to identify dietary patterns associated with body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW)/BMI change, weight status and weight loss maintenance status. METHODS Using MEDLINE (via PubMed) and EBSCO Host databases, we systematically reviewed studies from 1980 to 2020, which included men and women, aged ≥18 years. Primary outcome was BMI or the longitudinal change of individuals' BW or BMI, or weight status (normal weight/overweight/obesity) or weight loss maintenance status. We included observational studies, with or without a prospective design. Studies which met the inclusion criteria were evaluated based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; only a posteriori dietary patterns were evaluated. RESULTS Twenty-six studies were eligible for inclusion in the current analysis. The results indicate a relationship between adherence to a lacto-vegetarian dietary pattern, characterized by high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, unprocessed cereals, dairy and low intake of high-fat foods and sweets, and longitudinal change of individuals' BW or BMI, or the risk of overweight/obesity. CONCLUSIONS Promotion of this healthy dietary pattern, as an alternative to focusing on specific nutrients or foods, may be a promising approach to be included in future long-term weight maintenance interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiannis Koutras
- Department of Life Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Program, European University, Cyprus.,Department of Health Sciences, Public Health Program, European University, Cyprus
| | - Stavri Chrysostomou
- Department of Life Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Program, European University, Cyprus
| | - Dimitrios Poulimeneas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, School of Health Sciences and Education, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, School of Health Sciences and Education, Greece
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Dietary patterns associated with meeting the WHO free sugars intake guidelines. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:1495-1506. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019004543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:Emerging evidence suggests that free sugars intake in many countries exceeds that recommended by the WHO. However, information regarding real-world dietary patterns associated with meeting the WHO free sugars guidelines is lacking. The current study aimed to determine dietary patterns associated with meeting the guidelines to inform effective free sugars reduction interventions in New Zealand (NZ) and similar high-income countries.Design:Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis on repeat 24-h NZ Adult Nutrition Survey dietary recall data. Associations between dietary patterns and the WHO guidelines (<5 and <10 % total energy intake) were determined using logistic regression analyses.Setting:New Zealand.Participants:NZ adults (n 4721) over 15 years old.Results:Eight dietary patterns were identified: ‘takeaway foods and alcohol’ was associated with meeting both WHO guidelines; ‘contemporary’ was associated with meeting the <10 % guideline (males only); ‘fast foods, sugar-sweetened beverages and dessert’, ‘traditional’ and ‘breakfast foods’ were negatively associated with meeting both guidelines; ‘sandwich’ and ‘snack foods’ were negatively associated with the <5 % guideline; and ‘saturated fats and sugar’ was negatively associated with the <10 % guideline.Conclusions:The majority of NZ dietary patterns were not consistent with WHO free sugars guidelines. It is possible to meet the WHO guidelines while consuming a healthier (‘contemporary’) or energy-dense, nutrient-poor (‘takeaway foods and alcohol’) diet. However, the majority of energy-dense patterns were not associated with meeting the guidelines. Future nutrition interventions would benefit from focusing on establishing healthier overall diets and reducing consumption and free sugars content of key foods.
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Huang S, Xie X, Sun Y, Zhang T, Cai Y, Xu X, Li H, Wu S. Development of a nomogram that predicts the risk for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9427-9439. [PMID: 32421687 PMCID: PMC7288976 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies seldom combine biological, behavioral and psychological factors to estimate coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) risk. Here, we evaluated the associations between these factors and CHD to develop a predictive nomogram to identify those at high risk of CHD. This case-control study included 4392 participants (1578 CHD cases and 2814 controls) in southeast China. Thirty-three biological, behavioral and psychological variables were evaluated. Following multivariate logistic regression analysis, which revealed eight risk factors associated with CHD, a predictive nomogram was developed based on a final model that included the three non-modifiable (sex, age and family history of CHD) and five modifiable (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, recent experience of a major traumatic event, and anxiety) variables. The higher total nomogram score, the greater the CHD risk. Final model accuracy (as estimated from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) was 0.726 (95% confidence interval: 0.709-0.747). Validation analysis confirmed the high accuracy of the nomogram. High risk of CHD was associated with several biological, behavioral and psychological factors. We have thus developed an intuitive nomogram that could facilitate development of preliminary prevention strategies for CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuna Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xiaoxu Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Tingxing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xingyan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Siying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
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Carvalho CAD, Fonseca PCDA, Nobre LN, Silva MA, Pessoa MC, Ribeiro AQ, Priore SE, Franceschini S. [Factors associated with dietary patterns in the second half of life]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:449-459. [PMID: 32022186 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020252.12982018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to identify eating patterns of children aged 6, 9 and 12 months and their association with socioeconomic, behavioral, birth and nutrition variables. Cross-sectional study with children from a cohort in Viçosa-MG, with 112 children at 6 months, 149 at 9 months and 117 at 12 months. Food intake was assessed by a 24-hour recall and patterns extracted by cluster analysis. Breast milk was identified in at least one dietary pattern every month. There was a low participation of ultra-processed foods in the identified dietary patterns. At month 6, children with lower family income were less likely to belong to the dietary pattern composed of milk formulas. Already overweight/obesity was 3.69 times higher in children who made up the pattern 2 (dairy formulas, vegetables, vegetables, beef and pear). At 12 months height deficit (PR = 3.28) and bottle use (PR = 4.51) were associated with the dietary pattern composed of milk formulas and cow's milk. The dietary patterns identified reflected the important participation of breast milk in children's diets. Dietary patterns with the presence of other types of milk were associated with nutritional deviations and bottle feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Abreu de Carvalho
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Maranhão. Rodovia MA-225, Km 04, Povoado Santa Cruz. 65590-000, Barreirinhas, MA, Brasil.
| | | | - Luciana Neri Nobre
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - Mariane Alves Silva
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Piauí. Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Milene Cristine Pessoa
- Escola de Enfermagem, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Sylvia Franceschini
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Piauí. Teresina, PI, Brasil
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Czekajło-Kozłowska A, Różańska D, Zatońska K, Szuba A, Regulska-Ilow B. Association between egg consumption and elevated fasting glucose prevalence in relation to dietary patterns in selected group of Polish adults. Nutr J 2019; 18:90. [PMID: 31888638 PMCID: PMC6937644 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-019-0516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The safety of high egg intake in view of its impact on glucose metabolism remains inconclusive. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between egg intake, dietary patterns and elevated fasting glucose (FG) level in a selected group of Polish adults. Methods The study group consisted of 1630 adults who participated in the Polish arm of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological Study. Dietary intake, including egg intake, was assessed based on the data from the Additional file 2 Food Frequency Questionnaire previously validated for the population of Lower Silesia. DPs were derived using principal component analysis. FG levels ≥100 mg/dl were considered elevated. Subjects who used antidiabetic drugs were included in the group with elevated FG levels. Results Egg consumption increased in higher quartiles of “Western” and “traditional” DPs in both men and women (p < 0.0001). In a crude model each 10 g of eggs consumed per day was associated with 7% increased risk (OR 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01–1.15) of elevated glucose level in the overall group and 10% increased risk (OR 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01–1.21) of elevated glucose level in the group of men. Men who consumed at least five eggs per week had higher risk for elevated FG level compared to men who consumed at most one egg per week (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.13–2.84), but this relationship became insignificant when the data were adjusted for DPs. In the group of women no association between egg intake and elevated FG level was observed. Conclusions Higher egg intake may be associated with the overall unhealthy dietary habits, which is why the number of eggs consumed daily should not be considered an independent risk factor for elevated fasting glucose level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorota Różańska
- Department of Dietetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Parkowa 34, 51-616, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Zatońska
- Department of Social Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Szuba
- Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bożena Regulska-Ilow
- Department of Dietetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Parkowa 34, 51-616, Wrocław, Poland
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Rodrigues APS, Rosa LPS, Silveira EA. PPARG2 Pro12Ala polymorphism influences body composition changes in severely obese patients consuming extra virgin olive oil: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:52. [PMID: 30026785 PMCID: PMC6050653 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0289-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous intervention studies have reported the association of the PPARG2 Pro12Ala (rs1801282) and IL6 -174G > C (rs1800795) polymorphisms with weight loss; however, their results are inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the effect of the PPARG2 Pro12Ala and IL6 -174G > C polymorphisms on body weight, body composition and metabolic parameters after a 12-week nutritional intervention with a traditional Brazilian diet and extra virgin olive oil supplementation in severely obese patients. METHODS A total of 149 severely obese individuals [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2] were randomized into three 12-week nutritional intervention groups - the extra virgin olive oil supplementation (OO) group (n = 50), the traditional Brazilian diet (DieTBra) group (n = 49), and the DieTBra plus extra virgin olive oil supplementation (DieTBra+OO) group (n = 50). Anthropometric measurements, body composition, metabolic parameters, physical activity practise and dietary intake were assessed. The associations were tested using generalized linear models adjusted for confounders. RESULTS The PPARG2 Pro12Ala polymorphism influenced body composition changes. Ala carriers in the intervention groups with extra virgin olive oil supplementation had greater reductions in the percentage of body fat (%BF) (OO: p = 0.049, DietBra+OO: p = 0.004) and greater increases in both fat-free mass (FFM) (OO: p = 0.020, DieTBra: p = 0.007) and lean mass (LM) (OO: p = 0.020, DieTBra+OO: p = 0.007) than did ProPro homozygotes. No association was found for the IL6 -174G > C polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS Extra virgin olive oil intake may modulate favourable body composition changes, promoting a decrease in the %BF and increases in the LM and FFM of severely obese individuals, even without weight loss, in the presence of the Ala allele of the Pro12Ala polymorphism. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier No. NCT02463435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Santos Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 1a Avenida, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás CEP 74605-020 Brazil
| | - Lorena Pereira Souza Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 1a Avenida, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás CEP 74605-020 Brazil
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 1a Avenida, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia, Goiás CEP 74605-020 Brazil
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SILVA DCGD, PEREIRA KADC, SEGHETO W, FERREIRA FG, SEGHETO KJ, LONGO GZ. Association of eating patterns and abdominal adiposity in Brazilian. REV NUTR 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652017000600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To examine the relationship between dietary patterns and abdominal adiposity among adults living in the urban area of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study of 959 adults of both sexes. Information on sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake was collected through questionnaires. Abdominal adiposity was evaluated using waist circumference and the anthropometric indices waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio. Food patterns were identified by factor analysis. Poisson regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results Abdominal adiposity was identified by waist circumference in 59.06% (95%CI=52.77–65.08) of the sample, by waist-to-hip ratio in 54.65% (95%CI=47.92–61.21), and by waist-to-height ratio in 9% (95%CI=54.61–69.03). Two dietary patterns, named as traditional Brazilian and bar, were identified in the sample, but only the latter was statistically associated with abdominal adiposity determined by the three parameters. Conclusion The study identified two eating patterns in the population, a healthy and an unhealthy pattern, the latter being associated with greater odds of abdominal adiposity. Thus, it is important to take measures to reverse this trend.
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