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Masquio DCL, Campos RMDS, Netto BDM, de Carvalho-Ferreira JP, Bueno CR, Alouan S, Poletto GT, Ganen ADP, Tufik S, de Mello MT, Nardo N, Dâmaso AR. Interdisciplinary Therapy Improves the Mediators of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents with Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7114. [PMID: 38063544 PMCID: PMC10706419 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20237114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with inflammation and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature mortality, as well as a range of other conditions. Obesity is a growing global problem, not only in adults, but also in children and adolescents. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effects of a one-year interdisciplinary intervention on the cardiometabolic and inflammatory profiles of adolescents with obesity. Twenty-two adolescents completed the intervention, which included clinical, nutritional, psychological and physical exercise counselling. Body composition, and metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular risk biomarkers were analyzed before and after one year of intervention. Visceral and subcutaneous fat were determined ultrasonographically. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) equation were used to estimate insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, respectively. A reduction in body mass, adiposity, glucose, and insulin and an improved lipid profile were observed after the therapy. Hyperleptinemia was reduced from 77.3% to 36.4%. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), leptin, the leptin/adiponectin ratio, and the adiponectin/leptin ratio were also significantly improved. Metabolic changes were associated with a reduction in visceral fat and waist circumference, and adiponectin and the leptin/adiponectin ratio were associated with HOMA-IR. The interdisciplinary therapy promoted improvements in hyperleptinemia and metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Cristina Landi Masquio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil;
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Nutrição: do Nascimento à Adolescência, Curso de Nutrição, Centro Universitário São Camilo (CUSC), São Paulo 05025-010, SP, Brazil;
- Grupo de Estudos da Obesidade (GEO), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil; (S.A.); (G.T.P.)
| | - Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, Santos 11010-150, SP, Brazil;
| | - Bárbara Dal Molin Netto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação e Nutrição, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 80210-170, PR, Brazil;
| | - Joana Pereira de Carvalho-Ferreira
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar em Alimentos e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil;
| | - Carlos Roberto Bueno
- Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Stella Alouan
- Grupo de Estudos da Obesidade (GEO), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil; (S.A.); (G.T.P.)
| | - Gabriela Tronca Poletto
- Grupo de Estudos da Obesidade (GEO), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil; (S.A.); (G.T.P.)
| | - Aline de Piano Ganen
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Nutrição: do Nascimento à Adolescência, Curso de Nutrição, Centro Universitário São Camilo (CUSC), São Paulo 05025-010, SP, Brazil;
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04724-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Marco Túlio de Mello
- Escola de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31310-250, MG, Brazil;
| | - Nelson Nardo
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil;
| | - Ana R. Dâmaso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil;
- Grupo de Estudos da Obesidade (GEO), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-061, SP, Brazil; (S.A.); (G.T.P.)
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Mannino A, Sarapis K, Mourouti N, Karaglani E, Anastasiou CA, Manios Y, Moschonis G. The Association of Maternal Weight Status throughout the Life-Course with the Development of Childhood Obesity: A Secondary Analysis of the Healthy Growth Study Data. Nutrients 2023; 15:4602. [PMID: 37960255 PMCID: PMC10649313 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal weight-status at various time-points may influence child obesity development, however the most critical time-point remains unidentified. We used data from the Healthy Growth Study, a cross-sectional study of 2666 Greek schoolchildren aged 9-13 years, exploring associations between childhood obesity and maternal weight-status at pre-pregnancy, during pregnancy/gestational weight gain, and at the child's pre-adolescence. Logistic regression analyses examined associations between maternal weight-status being "below" or "above" the recommended cut-off points (WHO BMI thresholds or IOM cut-off points), at the three time-points, individually or combined into weight-status trajectory groups to determine the strongest associations with child obesity in pre-adolescence. Adjusted models found significant associations and the highest odds ratios [95% Confidence Intervals] for mothers affected by obesity before pregnancy (4.16 [2.47, 7.02]), those with excessive gestational weight gain during pregnancy (1.50 [1.08, 2.08]), and those affected by obesity at their child's pre-adolescence (3.3 [2.29, 4.87]). When combining these weight-status groups, mothers who were above-above-below (3.24 [1.10, 9.55]), and above-above-above (3.07 [1.95, 4.85]) the healthy weight recommendation-based thresholds in each time-point, had a three-fold higher likelihood of child obesity, compared to the below-below-below trajectory group. Maternal obesity across all examined time-points was significantly associated with childhood obesity. Effective childhood obesity preventive initiatives should commence at pre-conception, targeting maternal weight throughout the life-course and childhood developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Mannino
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School Allied Health, Human Services & Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Katerina Sarapis
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School Allied Health, Human Services & Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Niki Mourouti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (E.K.); (C.A.A.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 72300 Sitia, Greece
| | - Eva Karaglani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (E.K.); (C.A.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Costas A. Anastasiou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (E.K.); (C.A.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (N.M.); (E.K.); (C.A.A.); (Y.M.)
- Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Moschonis
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School Allied Health, Human Services & Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (A.M.); (K.S.)
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Weisstaub G, Gonzalez Bravo MA, García-Hermoso A, Salazar G, López-Gil JF. Cross-sectional association between physical fitness and cardiometabolic risk in Chilean schoolchildren: the fat but fit paradox. Transl Pediatr 2022; 11:1085-1094. [PMID: 35958004 PMCID: PMC9360814 DOI: 10.21037/tp-22-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have examined the "fat but fit" paradox, revealing that greater levels of physical fitness may diminish the harmful consequences of excess weight on cardiometabolic risk. Despite the above, specific information about the "fat but fit" paradox in prepuberal population is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between cardiometabolic risk across (individual and combined) physical fitness and excess weight status and whether the "fat but fit" paradox is met in the sample of schoolchildren analyzed. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted including 452 children (59.1% girls), aged 7-9 years from Santiago (Chile). Physical fitness was assessed as cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined by the 6-minute-walk-test and muscle strength was assessed by the handgrip and standing long jump tests. Excess weight (overweight and obesity) was computed through body mass index (z-score). Cardiometabolic risk was established by summing the z-score of the serum glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, insulin and waist-to-height ratio. RESULTS Schoolchildren with high physical fitness (individual or combined) showed the lowest cardiometabolic risk mean scores (P for trend <0.001 for all physical fitness groups). Conversely, schoolchildren with low physical fitness (individual or combined) showed the highest cardiometabolic risk mean scores (P for trend <0.001 for all categories). Additionally, schoolchildren without excess weight and with high individual or combined physical fitness status exhibits lower cardiometabolic risk mean scores compared to schoolchildren with excess weight and low physical fitness status (individual or combined) (P for trend <0.001 for all physical fitness groups). A lower odd of having high cardiometabolic risk was found in schoolchildren without excess weight and with both high physical fitness (both cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness) [odds ratio (OR) =0.08; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04 to 0.16] in comparison to those with excess weight and low physical fitness. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that improvements in both fatness and aerobic fitness could be associated with lower cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Weisstaub
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Gabriela Salazar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Children with Poor Motor Skills Have Lower Health-Related Fitness Compared to Typically Developing Children. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8100867. [PMID: 34682134 PMCID: PMC8534468 DOI: 10.3390/children8100867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Most of the current empirical evidence regarding the relationship between health-related fitness and level of motor performance is based on children from high-income countries. Yet, children from low-resource areas may have fewer opportunities to develop their fitness skills. The aim of the study was to determine if South African children from both low- and middle-income areas scoring below the 16th percentile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (probable-Developmental Coordination Disorder (p-DCD)) have lower health-related fitness levels than typically developing (TD) children. We hypothesized that children with p-DCD would have lower overall health-related fitness than TD children. A sample of 146 participants aged 10 to 11 (10.05 years (SD = 0.41)) was collected from schools in the North West Province of South Africa, on the basis of their poverty classification. Children were tested for anaerobic capacity and strength using the Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency second edition (BOT-2) and aerobic capacity using the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER). Body composition was evaluated using body mass index corrected for age and sex (BMI-z), body fat (BF), and waist circumference. The data was analyzed using Spearman correlations and chi-squared tests. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between groups for running and agility, strength, and aerobic capacity. No significant differences were found between p-DCD and TD groups in terms of body mass (36.1 kg vs. 33.3 kg), waist circumference (62.2 cm vs. 59.8 cm), BMI-z (19.7 vs. 17.6), and fat percentage (20.2 vs. 18.1%). Overweight and obesity prevalence was 15% in those with low socio-economic status (SES) and 27% in high SES. In conclusion, children with p-DCD had lower muscular strength, aerobic capacity, and endurance than TD children. Although it has been reported that children with p-DCD have a higher risk for overweight/obesity than TD children, this is not (yet) the case in 10-11-year-old children living in rural areas in South Africa (North West Province).
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Piqueras P, Ballester A, Durá-Gil JV, Martinez-Hervas S, Redón J, Real JT. Anthropometric Indicators as a Tool for Diagnosis of Obesity and Other Health Risk Factors: A Literature Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:631179. [PMID: 34305707 PMCID: PMC8299753 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by the accumulation of an excessive amount of fat mass (FM) in the adipose tissue, subcutaneous, or inside certain organs. The risk does not lie so much in the amount of fat accumulated as in its distribution. Abdominal obesity (central or visceral) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, having an important role in the so-called metabolic syndrome. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent, detect, and appropriately treat obesity. The diagnosis is based on anthropometric indices that have been associated with adiposity and its distribution. Indices themselves, or a combination of some of them, conform to a big picture with different values to establish risk. Anthropometric indices can be used for risk identification, intervention, or impact evaluation on nutritional status or health; therefore, they will be called anthropometric health indicators (AHIs). We have found 17 AHIs that can be obtained or estimated from 3D human shapes, being a noninvasive alternative compared to X-ray-based systems, and more accessible than high-cost equipment. A literature review has been conducted to analyze the following information for each indicator: definition; main calculation or obtaining methods used; health aspects associated with the indicator (among others, obesity, metabolic syndrome, or diabetes); criteria to classify the population by means of percentiles or cutoff points, and based on variables such as sex, age, ethnicity, or geographic area, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Piqueras
- Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Ballester
- Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan V. Durá-Gil
- Instituto de Biomecánica de Valencia, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergio Martinez-Hervas
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Redón
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínico de Valencia, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular and Renal Risk Research Group, Institute of Health Research of the Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José T. Real
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
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Gawlik AM, Shmoish M, Hartmann MF, Wudy SA, Hochberg Z. Steroid Metabolomic Signature of Insulin Resistance in Childhood Obesity. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:405-410. [PMID: 31727688 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE On the basis of urinary steroidal gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we previously defined a novel concept of a disease-specific "steroid metabolomic signature" and reclassified childhood obesity into five groups with distinctive signatures. The objective of the current study was to delineate the steroidal signature of insulin resistance (IR) in obese children. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Urinary samples of 87 children (44 girls) aged 8.5-17.9 years with obesity (BMI >97th percentile) were quantified for 31 steroid metabolites by GC-MS. Defined as HOMA-IR >95th percentile and fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio >0.3, IR was diagnosed in 20 (of 87 [23%]) of the examined patients. The steroidal fingerprints of subjects with IR were compared with those of obese children without IR (non-IR). The steroidal signature of IR was created from the product of IR - non-IR for each of the 31 steroids. RESULTS IR and non-IR groups of children had comparable mean age (13.7 ± 1.9 and 14.6 ± 2.4 years, respectively) and z score BMI (2.7 ± 0.5 and 2.7 ± 0.5, respectively). The steroidal signature of IR was characterized by high adrenal androgens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoid metabolites; higher 5α-reductase (An/Et) (P = 0.007) and 21-hydroxylase [(THE + THF + αTHF)/PT] activity (P = 0.006); and lower 11βHSD1 [(THF + αTHF)/THE] activity (P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS The steroidal metabolomic signature of IR in obese children is characterized by enhanced secretion of steroids from all three adrenal pathways. As only the fasciculata and reticularis are stimulated by ACTH, these findings suggest that IR directly affects the adrenals. We suggest a vicious cycle model, whereby glucocorticoids induce IR, which could further stimulate steroidogenesis, even directly. We do not know whether obese children with IR and the new signature may benefit from amelioration of their hyperadrenalism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta M Gawlik
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Upper Silesia Children's Care Health Centre, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michael Shmoish
- Bioinformatics Knowledge Unit, Lorry I. Lokey Interdisciplinary Center for Life Sciences and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michaela F Hartmann
- Steroid Research and Mass Spectrometry Unit, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Steroid Research and Mass Spectrometry Unit, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ze'ev Hochberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to study the correlation between neck circumference (NC) and anthropometric adiposity indicators, and to determine cut-off points of NC for both sexes to identify elevated central adiposity in schoolchildren in western Mexico. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Rural settings in western México.ParticipantsChildren from a convenience sample of six schools in Acatlán, Jalisco, Mexico (n 1802). RESULTS NC showed a strong positive correlation with all anthropometric adiposity indicators in both sexes, which were notably higher in boys regardless of age. Noteworthy, waist circumference displayed the highest significant correlation when analysed by both age and sex. As age increased, NC cut-off points to identify elevated central adiposity ranged from 25·7 to 30·1 cm for girls and from 27·5 to 31·7 cm for boys. CONCLUSIONS NC could be used as a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive indicator for central obesity assessment in Mexican schoolchildren.
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Tompuri TT, Jääskeläinen J, Lindi V, Laaksonen DE, Eloranta AM, Viitasalo A, Laitinen T, Lakka TA. Adiposity Criteria in Assessing Increased Cardiometabolic Risk in Prepubertal Children. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:410. [PMID: 31293520 PMCID: PMC6606693 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Adiposity induces the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors, and pediatric adiposity is a better indicator for adulthood cardiometabolic diseases than pediatric metabolic syndrome. However, the observed prevalence of pediatric adiposity depends on the methods and cut-points used. Therefore, we aimed to define diagnostic criteria for adiposity which enable more valid identification of prepubertal children at increased cardiometabolic risk. Methods: The participants were 470 prepubertal children (249 boys) aged 6-8 years. The measures of adiposity included body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body fat percentage (BF%) assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Criteria for adiposity were determined by increased cardiometabolic risk. Cardiometabolic risk factors which correlated with BF% assessed by DXA in the upper but not lower half of BF% (serum insulin and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and uric acid) were included in the cardiometabolic risk score (CMS). We computed receiver operating characteristics curves for the measures of adiposity using the ≥90th percentile of CMS as a measure of increased cardiometabolic risk, and local regression curves were graphed to demonstrate the associations of the measures of adiposity with CMS. Results: In girls, WHtR of 0.445 (area under curve 0.778, its 95% confidence interval 0.65-0.91, sensitivity and specificity 0.73) and BF% of 19.5% assessed by BIA (0.801, 0.70-0.90, 0.73) were the best overall criteria for increased cardiometabolic risk. In boys, BMI-SDS of 0.48 (0.833, 0.75-0.92, 0.76) was the best overall criterion for increased cardiometabolic risk. While local regression curves in girls showed that WHtR of 0.445 corresponds well to a point where CMS began to increase, in boys local regression curves suggest that CMS began to increase even at a lower level of BMI-SDS than 0.48. Moreover, the diagnostic ability of the measures of adiposity to exclude increased cardiometabolic risk was poorer than the ability to detect it. Conclusions: In general, the measures of adiposity have sufficient diagnostic accuracy to be utilized as the screening tool for increased cardiometabolic risk. The observed cut-points for adiposity were lower than the traditional cut-points for adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Tapani Tompuri
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Sense4Health Ltd., Kontio, Finland
| | - Jarmo Jääskeläinen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Virpi Lindi
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Aino-Maija Eloranta
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Viitasalo
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Antero Lakka
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
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Andaki ACR, Mendes EL, Tinoco ALA, Santos A, Sousa B, Vale S, Mota J. Waist circumference percentile in children from municipalities of developed and developing countries. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700si0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edmar Lacerda Mendes
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Brazil; Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Bruno Sousa
- Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Portugal
| | - Susana Vale
- Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Instituto Politénico do Porto, Portugal
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Kang DW, Park JH, Lee MK, Kim Y, Kong ID, Chung CH, Lee YH, Jeon JY. Effect of a short-term physical activity intervention on liver fat content in obese children. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 43:553-557. [PMID: 29262266 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common chronic liver disease and can present with advanced fibrosis or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 7-day intense physical activity intervention on liver fat content in children with obesity. Fifty-seven obese children (mean body mass index: 26.5 ± 3.2 kg/m2; mean age: 12.0 ± 0.8 years) participated in a 7-day physical activity program. All participants were housed together, and their food intake and energy expenditure were strictly controlled. Anthropometric measurements, abdominal computerized tomography scans, and blood analyses were conducted at baseline and post-intervention. Participants lost weight by 2.53 ± 0.85 kg on average (61.0 ± 9.8 vs. 58.5 ± 9.5 kg, p < 0.05), fat mass (16.7 ± 5.1 vs. 15.7 ± 4.9 kg, p < 0.05), and serum insulin (13.7 ± 6.7 vs. 3.5 ± 2.0 μU/mL, p < 0.05). However, liver fat content was increased, presented as liver-to-spleen ratio (LSR) where lower LSR represents higher liver fat content. The intervention increased aspartate transaminase level (29.42 ± 6.78 IU/L vs. 33.50 ± 9.60 IU/L, p < 0.001). The change in liver fat content was not associated with the change in fasting insulin and liver enzymes. Short-term intense physical activity increased liver fat content independent of change in fasting insulin level and liver enzymes. This is the first human study to report increased liver fat content after physical activity-induced rapid weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Woo Kang
- a Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Ji-Hye Park
- b Exercise Medicine and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.,c Exercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients, Institute of Convergence Science (ICONS), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Lee
- b Exercise Medicine and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.,c Exercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients, Institute of Convergence Science (ICONS), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - YoonMyung Kim
- d University College of Yonsei, Incheon 21983, Korea
| | - In Deok Kong
- e Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26493, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- f Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26493, Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- g Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26493, Korea
| | - Justin Y Jeon
- b Exercise Medicine and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.,c Exercise Medicine Center for Diabetes and Cancer Patients, Institute of Convergence Science (ICONS), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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