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Alarcón-Sánchez BR, Idelfonso-García OG, Guerrero-Escalera D, Piña-Vázquez C, de Anda-Jáuregui G, Pérez-Hernández JL, de la Garza M, García-Sierra F, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Baltiérrez-Hoyos R, Vásquez-Garzón VR, Muriel P, Pérez-Carreón JI, Villa-Treviño S, Arellanes-Robledo J. A model of alcoholic liver disease based on different hepatotoxics leading to liver cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116209. [PMID: 38621424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The worst-case scenario related to alcoholic liver disease (ALD) arises after a long period of exposure to the harmful effect of alcohol consumption along with other hepatotoxics. ALD encompasses a broad spectrum of liver-associated disorders, such as steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Based on the chronic administration of different hepatotoxics, including ethanol, sucrose, lipopolysaccharide, and low doses of diethylnitrosamine over a short period, here we aimed to develop a multiple hepatotoxic (MHT)-ALD model in the mouse that recapitulates the human ALD-associated disorders. We demonstrated that the MHT-ALD model induces ADH1A and NXN, an ethanol metabolizer and a redox-sensor enzyme, respectively; promotes steatosis associated with the induction of the lipid droplet forming FSP27, inflammation identified by the infiltration of hepatic neutrophils-positive to LY-6G marker, and the increase of MYD88 level, a protein involved in inflammatory response; and stimulates the early appearance of cellular senescence identified by the senescence markers SA-β-gal activity and p-H2A.XSer139. It also induces fibrosis associated with increased desmin, a marker of hepatic stellate cells whose activation leads to the deposition of collagen fibers, accompanied by cell death and compensatory proliferation revealed by increased CASP3-mediated apoptosis, and KI67- and PCNA-proliferation markers, respectively. It also induces histopathological traits of malignancy and the level of the HCC marker, GSTP1. In conclusion, we provide a useful model for exploring the chronological ALD-associated alterations and stages, and addressing therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brisa Rodope Alarcón-Sánchez
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute - CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine - INMEGEN, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | - Dafne Guerrero-Escalera
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine - INMEGEN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Piña-Vázquez
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute - CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermo de Anda-Jáuregui
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine - INMEGEN, Mexico City, Mexico; Deputy Directorate of Humanistic and Scientific Research, National Council of Humanities, Sciences and Technologies - CONAHCYT, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Luis Pérez-Hernández
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital of Mexico "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mireya de la Garza
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute - CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco García-Sierra
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute - CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - INCan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Baltiérrez-Hoyos
- Deputy Directorate of Humanistic and Scientific Research, National Council of Humanities, Sciences and Technologies - CONAHCYT, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratory of Fibrosis and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, 'Benito Juárez' Autonomous University of Oaxaca - UABJO, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Verónica Rocío Vásquez-Garzón
- Deputy Directorate of Humanistic and Scientific Research, National Council of Humanities, Sciences and Technologies - CONAHCYT, Mexico City, Mexico; Laboratory of Fibrosis and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, 'Benito Juárez' Autonomous University of Oaxaca - UABJO, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute - CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Saúl Villa-Treviño
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute - CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine - INMEGEN, Mexico City, Mexico; Deputy Directorate of Humanistic and Scientific Research, National Council of Humanities, Sciences and Technologies - CONAHCYT, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Andaloro S, Mancuso F, Miele L, Addolorato G, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani FR. Effect of Low-Dose Alcohol Consumption on Chronic Liver Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:613. [PMID: 38474740 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Although alcohol is one of the most important etiologic agents in the development of chronic liver disease worldwide, also recognized as a promoter of carcinogenesis, several studies have shown a beneficial effect of moderate consumption in terms of reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Whether this benefit is also present in patients with liver disease due to other causes (viral, metabolic, and others) is still debated. Although there is no clear evidence emerging from guidelines and scientific literature, total abstention from drinking is usually prescribed in clinical practice. In this review, we highlight the results of the most recent evidence on this controversial topic, in order to understand the effect of mild alcohol use in this category of individuals. The quantification of alcohol intake, the composition of the tested populations, and the discrepancy between different works in relation to the outcomes represent important limitations emerging from the scientific literature. In patients with NAFLD, a beneficial effect is demonstrated only in a few works. Even if there is limited evidence in patients affected by chronic viral hepatitis, a clear deleterious effect of drinking in determining disease progression in a dose-dependent manner emerges. Poor data are available about more uncommon pathologies such as hemochromatosis. Overall, based on available data, it is not possible to establish a safe threshold for alcohol intake in patients with liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Andaloro
- Liver Unit, CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mancuso
- Liver Unit, CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Miele
- Department of Abdominal, Endocrine and Metabolic Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Unit, Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Internal Medicine and Liver Transplant Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Addolorato
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- CEMAD Unit, Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Internal Medicine and Alcohol Related Disease Unit, Columbus-Gemelli Hospital, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Liver Unit, CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Liver Unit, CEMAD Centro Malattie dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Liang T, Kota J, Williams KE, Saxena R, Gawrieh S, Zhong X, Zimmers TA, Chalasani N. Dynamic Alterations to Hepatic MicroRNA-29a in Response to Long-Term High-Fat Diet and EtOH Feeding. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14564. [PMID: 37834011 PMCID: PMC10572557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-29a (miR-29a) is a well characterized fibro-inflammatory molecule and its aberrant expression is linked to a variety of pathological liver conditions. The long-term effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) in combination with different levels of EtOH consumption on miR-29a expression and liver pathobiology are unknown. Mice at 8 weeks of age were divided into five groups (calorie-matched diet plus water (CMD) as a control group, HFD plus water (HFD) as a liver disease group, HFD plus 2% EtOH (HFD + 2% E), HFD + 10% E, and HFD + 20% E as intervention groups) and fed for 4, 13, 26, or 39 weeks. At each time point, analyses were performed for liver weight/body weight (BW) ratio, AST/ALT ratio, as well as liver histology assessments, which included inflammation, estimated fat deposition, lipid area, and fibrosis. Hepatic miR-29a was measured and correlations with phenotypic traits were determined. Four-week feeding produced no differences between the groups on all collected phenotypic traits or miR-29a expression, while significant effects were observed after 13 weeks, with EtOH concentration-specific induction of miR-29a. A turning point for most of the collected traits was apparent at 26 weeks, and miR-29a was significantly down-regulated with increasing liver injury. Overall, miR-29a up-regulation was associated with a lower liver/BW ratio, fat deposition, inflammation, and fibrosis, suggesting a protective role of miR-29a against liver disease progression. A HFD plus increasing concentrations of EtOH produces progressive adverse effects on the liver, with no evidence of beneficial effects of low-dose EtOH consumption. Moreover, miR-29a up-regulation is associated with less severe liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiebing Liang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (K.E.W.); (S.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Janaiah Kota
- Ultragenyx Pharmaceuticals, Novato, CA 94949, USA;
| | - Kent E. Williams
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (K.E.W.); (S.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Romil Saxena
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Samer Gawrieh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (K.E.W.); (S.G.); (N.C.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (X.Z.); (T.A.Z.)
| | - Teresa A. Zimmers
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (X.Z.); (T.A.Z.)
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Naga Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (K.E.W.); (S.G.); (N.C.)
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Buyco DG, Dempsey JL, Scorletti E, Jeon S, Lin C, Harkin J, Bayen S, Furth EE, Martin J, Delima M, Hooks R, Sostre-Colón J, Gharib SA, Titchenell PM, Carr RM. Concomitant western diet and chronic-binge alcohol dysregulate hepatic metabolism. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281954. [PMID: 37134024 PMCID: PMC10155975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is significant overlap between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) with regards to risk factors and disease progression. However, the mechanism by which fatty liver disease arises from concomitant obesity and overconsumption of alcohol (syndrome of metabolic and alcohol-associated fatty liver disease; SMAFLD), is not fully understood. METHODS Male C57BL6/J mice were fed chow diet (Chow) or high-fructose, high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (FFC) for 4 weeks, then administered either saline or ethanol (EtOH, 5% in drinking water) for another 12 weeks. The EtOH treatment also consisted of a weekly 2.5 g EtOH/kg body weight gavage. Markers for lipid regulation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis were measured by RT-qPCR, RNA-seq, Western blot, and metabolomics. RESULTS Combined FFC-EtOH induced more body weight gain, glucose intolerance, steatosis, and hepatomegaly compared to Chow, EtOH, or FFC. Glucose intolerance by FFC-EtOH was associated with decreased hepatic protein kinase B (AKT) protein expression and increased gluconeogenic gene expression. FFC-EtOH increased hepatic triglyceride and ceramide levels, plasma leptin levels, hepatic Perilipin 2 protein expression, and decreased lipolytic gene expression. FFC and FFC-EtOH also increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Finally, FFC-EtOH enriched the hepatic transcriptome for genes involved in immune response and lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In our model of early SMAFLD, we observed that the combination of an obesogenic diet and alcohol caused more weight gain, promoted glucose intolerance, and contributed to steatosis by dysregulating leptin/AMPK signaling. Our model demonstrates that the combination of an obesogenic diet with a chronic-binge pattern alcohol intake is worse than either insult alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfin Gerard Buyco
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Joseph L. Dempsey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Eleonora Scorletti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sookyoung Jeon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chelsea Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julia Harkin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Susovon Bayen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Emma E. Furth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jasmin Martin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Monique Delima
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Royce Hooks
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jaimarie Sostre-Colón
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sina A. Gharib
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Titchenell
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rotonya M. Carr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Liu Z, Song C, Suo C, Fan H, Zhang T, Jin L, Chen X. Alcohol consumption and hepatocellular carcinoma: novel insights from a prospective cohort study and nonlinear Mendelian randomization analysis. BMC Med 2022; 20:413. [PMID: 36303185 PMCID: PMC9615332 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02622-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy drinking was well associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whereas the effect of low-to-moderate drinking on HCC remains under debate. METHODS Participants from the UK Biobank with detailed information on alcohol use and free of common diseases were included. Daily pure alcohol intake (g/day) was calculated, and the predominant alcoholic beverage type was assigned for each participant. Additive Cox regression model and nonlinear Mendelian randomization (NLMR) analyses were performed to evaluate the association of alcohol intake with HCC. RESULTS Of 329,164 participants (52.3% females, mean [SD] age = 56.7 [8.0] years), 201 incident HCC cases were recorded during the median follow-up of 12.6 years. The best-fitted Cox regression model suggested a J-shaped relationship between daily alcohol intake level and HCC risk. However, NLMR analysis did not detect a nonlinear correlation between alcohol use and HCC (nonlinearity P-value: 0.386). The J-shaped correlation pattern was detected only in subjects who mainly drank wine but not in those who mainly drank beer, spirits, or fortified wine. Moderate wine drinking showed a significant alanine transaminase (ALT)- and aspartate aminotransferase-lowering effect compared to that of the nondrinkers. In low-risk populations of HCC including women, people aged < 60 years, subjects with normal ALT levels, and those carrying non-risk genotypes of PNPLA3 rs738409 and TM6SF2 rs58542926, we observed a J-shaped correlation between alcohol use and HCC; however, a positive dose-response correlation was found in their respective counterparts, even in those predominantly drinking wine. CONCLUSIONS Low-to-moderate drinking may be inversely associated with the risk of HCC in low-risk populations, which may be largely driven by wine drinking. However, those in high-risk populations of HCC, such as men and older people, and those with abnormal ALT levels and carry genetic risk variants, should abstain from drinking alcohol. Given the small HCC case number, further validations with larger case numbers are warranted in future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, 225316, China
| | - Ci Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chen Suo
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, 225316, China
| | - Xingdong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China. .,Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, 225316, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Liu SX, Du YC, Zeng T. A mini-review of the rodent models for alcoholic liver disease: shortcomings, application, and future prospects. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:523-530. [PMID: 34141166 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodents are the most common models in studies of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Although several rodents ALD models have been established and multiple mechanisms have been elucidated based on them, these models have some non-negligible shortcomings, specifically only inducing early stage (mainly steatosis, slight to moderate steatohepatitis) but not the whole spectrum of human ALD. The resistance of rodents to advanced ALD has been suggested to be due to the physiological differences between rodents and human beings. Previous studies have reported significant interstrain differences in the susceptibility to ethanol-induced liver injury and in the manifestation of ALD (such as different alteration of lipid profiles). Therefore, it would be interesting to characterize the manifestation of ethanol-induced liver damage in various rodents, which may provide a recommendation to investigators of ALD. Furthermore, more severe ALD models need to be established for the study of serious ALD forms, which may be achieved by using genetic modified rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xuan Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yan-Chao Du
- Jinan Institute for Product Quality Inspection, 1311 Longao Bei Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250102, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
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Chhimwal J, Patial V, Padwad Y. Beverages and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Think before you drink. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:2508-2519. [PMID: 33932796 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Beverages and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) both the terms are associated with westernized diet and sedentary lifestyle. Throughout recent decades, dietary changes have boosted demand of beverages to meet the liquid consumption needs, among which rising consumption of several calorie-rich beverages have increased the risk of fatty liver disease. Meanwhile, certain beverages have capacity to deliver many unanticipated health benefits thereby reducing the burden of NAFLD and metabolic diseases. The present review therefore addresses the increasing interconnections between beverages intake among population, dietary patterns and the overall effect of these beverage on the development and prevention of NAFLD. Methods In the present review, some frequently consumed beverage groups have been analyzed in light of their role in the advancement and prevention of NAFLD, including sugar sweetened, hot and alcoholic beverages. The nutritional composition of different beverages makes the progression of NAFLD distinctive. RESULTS The ingestion of sugar-rich beverages has demonstrated the metabolic burden and in all cases, raises the risk of NAFLD, while intake of coffee and tea has decreased this risk without any significant adverse effects. In some cases, low to moderate alcohol intake has been shown to minimize the risk of advanced fibrosis and NAFLD-mortality. CONCLUSION Together, this review discusses and supports work on new dietary approaches and clinical studies to accomplish nutrition-oriented NAFLD care by improving the drinking habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Chhimwal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics & Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P., India
| | - Vikram Patial
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics & Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P., India
| | - Yogendra Padwad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics & Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, H.P., India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, U.P., India.
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8
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Effects of Ethanol Feeding in Early-Stage NAFLD Mice Induced by Western Diet. LIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/livers1010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of metabolic liver diseases is increasing and approved pharmacological treatments are still missing. Many animal models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) show a full spectrum of fibrosis, inflammation and steatosis, which does not reflect the human situation since only up to one third of the patients develop fibrosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods: Seven week old C57Bl/J mice were treated with ethanol, Western diet (WD) or both. The animals’ liver phenotypes were determined through histology, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, hepatic triglyceride content and gene expression levels. In a human cohort of 80 patients stratified by current alcohol misuse and body mass index, liver histology and gene expression analysis were performed. Results: WD diet and ethanol-treated animals showed severe steatosis, with high hepatic triglyceride content and upregulation of fatty acid synthesis. Mild fibrosis was revealed using Sirius-red stains and gene expression levels of collagen. Inflammation was detected using histology, immunohistochemistry and upregulation of proinflammatory genes. The human cohort of obese drinkers showed similar upregulation in genes related to steatosis, fibrosis and inflammation. Conclusions: We provide a novel murine model for early-stage fatty liver disease suitable for drug testing and investigation of pathophysiology.
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9
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Buyco DG, Martin J, Jeon S, Hooks R, Lin C, Carr R. Experimental models of metabolic and alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:1-18. [PMID: 33505147 PMCID: PMC7789066 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multi-systemic disease that is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Because alcohol consumption in NAFLD patients is common, there is a significant overlap in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Indeed, MetS also significantly contributes to liver injury in ALD patients. This “syndrome of metabolic and alcoholic steatohepatitis” (SMASH) is thus expected to be a more prevalent presentation in liver patients, as the obesity epidemic continues. Several pre-clinical experimental models that couple alcohol consumption with NAFLD-inducing diet or genetic obesity have been developed to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of SMASH. These models indicate that concomitant MetS and alcohol contribute to lipid dysregulation, oxidative stress, and the induction of innate immune response. There are significant limitations in the applicability of these models to human disease, such as the ability to induce advanced liver injury or replicate patterns in human food/alcohol consumption. Thus, there remains a need to develop models that accurately replicate patterns of obesogenic diet and alcohol consumption in SMASH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfin Gerard Buyco
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Jasmin Martin
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Sookyoung Jeon
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Royce Hooks
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Chelsea Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Rotonya Carr
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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van Meteren N, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Chevanne M, Gallais I, Gobart D, Burel A, Bucher S, Grova N, Fromenty B, Appenzeller BMR, Chevance S, Gauffre F, Le Ferrec E, Sergent O. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can trigger hepatocyte release of extracellular vesicles by various mechanisms of action depending on their affinity for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Toxicol Sci 2019; 171:443-462. [PMID: 31368503 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane enclosed nanostructures released by cells into the extracellular environment. As major actors of physiological intercellular communication, they have been shown to be pathogenic mediators of several liver diseases. EVs also appear to be potential actors of drug-induced liver injury, but nothing is known concerning environmental pollutants. We aimed to study the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), major contaminants, on hepatocyte-derived EV production, with a special focus on hepatocyte death. Three PAHs were selected, based on their presence in food and their affinity for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR): benzo(a)pyrene (BP), dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DBA), and pyrene (PYR). Treatment of primary rat and WIF-B9 hepatocytes by all three PAHs increased the release of EVs, mainly comprised of exosomes, in parallel with modifying exosome protein marker expression and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, PAH treatment of rodents for three months also led to increased EV levels in plasma. The EV release involved CYP metabolism and the activation of the transcription factor, the AhR, for BP and DBA and another transcription factor, the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), for PYR. Furthermore, all PAHs increased cholesterol levels in EVs but only BP and DBA were able to reduce the cholesterol content of total cell membranes. All cholesterol changes very likely participated in the increase in EV release and cell death. Finally, we studied changes in cell membrane fluidity caused by BP and DBA due to cholesterol depletion. Our data showed increased cell membrane fluidity, which contributed to hepatocyte EV release and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nettie van Meteren
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Martine Chevanne
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Gallais
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Dimitri Gobart
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Burel
- Univ Rennes, Biosit - UMS 3480, US_S 018, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Simon Bucher
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer)-UMR_S1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Grova
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Immune Endocrine Epigenetics Research Group, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Calbinotox, Faculty of Science and Technology, Lorraine University, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Bernard Fromenty
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, Inra, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer)-UMR_S1241, UMR_A 1341, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Brice M R Appenzeller
- Human Biomonitoring Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Soizic Chevance
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des sciences chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fabienne Gauffre
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des sciences chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Eric Le Ferrec
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Odile Sergent
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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