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Tolonen U, Lankinen M, Laakso M, Schwab U. Healthy dietary pattern is associated with lower glycemia independently of the genetic risk of type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Finnish men. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03444-5. [PMID: 38864868 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperglycemia is affected by lifestyle and genetic factors. We investigated if dietary patterns associate with glycemia in individuals with high or low genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS Men (n = 1577, 51-81 years) without T2D from the Metabolic Syndrome in Men (METSIM) cohort filled a food-frequency questionnaire and participated in a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. Polygenetic risk score (PRS) including 76 genetic variants was used to stratify participants into low or high T2D risk groups. We established two data-driven dietary patterns, termed healthy and unhealthy, and investigated their association with plasma glucose concentrations and hyperglycemia risk. RESULTS Healthy dietary pattern was associated with lower fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, glucose area under the curve, and better insulin sensitivity (Matsuda insulin sensitivity index) and insulin secretion (disposition index) in unadjusted and adjusted models, whereas the unhealthy pattern was not. No interaction was observed between the patterns and PRS on glycemic measures. Healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with the risk for hyperglycemia in an adjusted model (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51-0.95, in the highest tertile), whereas unhealthy pattern was not (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.79-1.47, in the highest tertile). No interaction was found between diet and PRS on the risk for hyperglycemia (p = 0.69 for healthy diet, p = 0.54 for unhealthy diet). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that healthy diet is associated with lower glucose concentrations and lower risk for hyperglycemia in men with no interaction with the genetic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Tolonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland.
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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2
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Rasoulizadeh Z, Namazi A, Sohouli MH, Rohani P, Hekmatdoost A, Hosseinzadeh M. Association between Baltic sea diet and healthy Nordic diet index with risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9537. [PMID: 38664485 PMCID: PMC11045829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows the beneficial effects of Baltic Sea diet score (BSDS) and healthy Nordic diet index (HNDI) on chronic diseases, however, there is no evidence to investigate them on the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between BSDS and HNDI with the risk of NAFLD. In this case-control study, 552 people in good health and 340 people with NAFLD over the age of 18 took part. The evaluation of BSDS and HNDI employed a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Binary logistic regression was used to determine how OBS and NAFLD are related. The mean BSDS and HNDI were 16.00 ± 2.49 and 11.99 ± 2.61, respectively. The final model's confounder adjustment revealed that greater HNDI adherence scores gave protection against the occurrence of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.18-0.98; P for trend = 0.043). In addition, those with the highest BSDS scores had significantly lower risks of developing NAFLD compared to subjects with the lowest scores (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.32-0.89; p for trend = 0.003). Our findings showed that following a healthy Nordic diet can significantly prevent the risk of developing NAFLD, and suggest that the highly nutritious components of the Nordic diet are beneficial for the prevention of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Rasoulizadeh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Namazi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hazrat-E Rasool General Hospital, Iran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 7, West Arghavan St, Farahzadi Blvd, PO Box 19395-4741, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran.
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Pejman Rohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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3
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Taylor RM, Haslam RL, Herbert J, Whatnall MC, Trijsburg L, de Vries JHM, Josefsson MS, Koochek A, Nowicka P, Neuman N, Clarke ED, Burrows TL, Collins CE. Diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Nutr Diet 2024; 81:35-50. [PMID: 38129766 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate relationships between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS Six databases were searched for studies published between January 2007 and October 2021. Eligible studies included cohort studies that assessed the relationship between a priori diet quality and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in adults. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted from eligible studies using standardised processes. Data were summarised using risk ratios for cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality with difference compared for highest versus lowest diet quality synthesised in meta-analyses using a random effects model. RESULTS Of the 4780 studies identified, 159 studies (n = 6 272 676 adults) were included. Meta-analyses identified a significantly lower cardiovascular disease incidence (n = 42 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) and mortality risk (n = 49 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) among those with highest versus lowest diet quality. In sensitivity analyses of a high number of pooled studies (≥13 studies) the Mediterranean style diet patterns and adherence to the heart healthy diet guidelines were significantly associated with a risk reduction of 15% and 14% for cardiovascular disease incidence and 17% and 20% for cardiovascular disease mortality respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher diet quality is associated with lower incidence and risk of mortality for cardiovascular disease however, significant study heterogeneity was identified for these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Taylor
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Haslam
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaimee Herbert
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan C Whatnall
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne H M de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Afsaneh Koochek
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicklas Neuman
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erin D Clarke
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
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4
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Ould Setti M, Voutilainen A, Niskanen L, Tuomainen TP. The association between renal hyperfiltration and mortality is not mediated by diabetes mellitus. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:2639-2645. [PMID: 36952107 PMCID: PMC10499930 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal hyperfiltration (RHF), recently established as a risk factor for mortality, is linked to current and subsequent diabetes mellitus (DM). DM could be seen as a mediator in the pathway between RHF and mortality. However, the mediating role of DM in the relationship between RHF and mortality is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on a cohort of 2682 Finnish men from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD) followed-up for 35 years, we evaluated the association between RHF and mortality, with DM as a mediator, following two methods: a classic mediation analysis approach, using Cox regression, and a counterfactual framework for mediation analysis, using g-computation, Cox regression, and logistic regression. RHF is associated with an increased risk of mortality. This association was not mediated by DM. Under a counterfactual framework and on a hazard ratio scale, RHF association with mortality had a total effect of 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.26-1.98) and a controlled direct effect of 1.66 (1.34-2.16). CONCLUSION An association between RHF and mortality risk, independent of DM, was established. RHF should be considered, managed, and followed-up as a mortality-associated condition, regardless of the status of DM. We suggest clinicians to consider including RHF screening in routine clinical care, especially diabetic care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounir Ould Setti
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1., 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
- Global Database Studies, IQVIA, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1., 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leo Niskanen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1., 70210, Kuopio, Finland
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5
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Golovaty I, Ritchie ND, Tuomilehto J, Mohan V, Ali MK, Gregg EW, Bergman M, Moin T. Two decades of diabetes prevention efforts: A call to innovate and revitalize our approach to lifestyle change. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 198:110195. [PMID: 36470316 PMCID: PMC10079599 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The impact of global diabetes prevention efforts has been modest despite the promise of landmark diabetes prevention trials nearly twenty years ago. While national and regional initiatives show potential, challenges remain to adapt large-scale strategies in the real-world that fits individuals and their communities. Additionally, the sedentary lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and guidelines that now call for earlier screening (e.g., US Preventative Task Force) will increase the pool of eligible adults worldwide. Thus, a more adaptable, person-centered approach that expands the current toolkit is urgently needed to innovate and revitalize our approach to diabetes prevention. This review identifies key priorities to optimize the population-level delivery of diabetes prevention based on a consensus-based evaluation of the current evidence among experts in global translational programs; key priorities identified include (1) participant eligibility, (2) intervention intensity, (3) delivery components, (4) behavioral economics, (5) technology, and (6) the role of pharmacotherapy. We offer a conceptual framework for a broader, person-centered approach to better address an individual's risk, readiness, barriers, and digital competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Golovaty
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; General Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Natalie D Ritchie
- Office of Research, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO. Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO. University of Colorado College of Nursing, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of International Health, National School of Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Chairman, Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialties Centre, Chennai, India
| | - Mohammed K Ali
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Edward W Gregg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Bergman
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tannaz Moin
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Health System and HSR&D Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation & Policy, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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6
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Wang W, Liu Y, Li Y, Luo B, Lin Z, Chen K, Liu Y. Dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health: Clinical evidence and mechanism. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e212. [PMID: 36776765 PMCID: PMC9899878 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, the search for nutritional interventions to underpin cardiovascular treatment and prevention guidelines has contributed to the rapid development of the field of dietary patterns and cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Numerous studies have demonstrated that healthy dietary patterns with emphasis on food-based recommendations are the gold standard for extending lifespan and reducing the risks of CMD and mortality. Healthy dietary patterns include various permutations of energy restriction, macronutrients, and food intake patterns such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, Mediterranean diet, plant-based diets, etc. Early implementation of healthy dietary patterns in patients with CMD is encouraged, but an understanding of the mechanisms by which these patterns trigger cardiometabolic benefits remains incomplete. Hence, this review examined several dietary patterns that may improve cardiometabolic health, including restrictive dietary patterns, regional dietary patterns, and diets based on controlled macronutrients and food groups, summarizing cutting-edge evidence and potential mechanisms for CMD prevention and treatment. Particularly, considering individual differences in responses to dietary composition and nutritional changes in organ tissue diversity, we highlighted the critical role of individual gut microbiota in the crosstalk between diet and CMD and recommend a more precise and dynamic nutritional strategy for CMD by developing dietary patterns based on individual gut microbiota profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine CardiologyXiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yanfei Liu
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine CardiologyXiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yiwen Li
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine CardiologyXiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Binyu Luo
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine CardiologyXiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhixiu Lin
- Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Keji Chen
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine CardiologyXiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Centre for Chinese Medicine CardiologyXiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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7
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Bergman E, Vepsäläinen H, Erkkola M, Laaksonen M, Kautiainen H, Penttinen MA, Rautava P, Korhonen PE. Healthy and Unhealthy Food Consumption in Relation to Quality of Life among Finnish Female Municipal Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173630. [PMID: 36079887 PMCID: PMC9460930 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspects of good quality of life (QoL) have been found to motivate people to make lifestyle changes. There is also evidence that certain dietary patterns are associated with QoL. The aim of this work was to examine whether consumption frequencies of healthy and unhealthy food items are associated with QoL in female employees. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 631 Finnish female employees (mean age 49 years, SD = 10) from 10 municipal work units in 2015. Information about the participants was collected by physical examination, laboratory tests, self-administered questionnaires, including the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and from medical history. QoL was assessed with the EUROHIS-Quality of Life 8-item index. A significant positive association was seen between consumption frequency of healthy foods and the EUROHIS-QOL mean score (p = 0.002). The association was small but comprehensive, also involving most dimensions of QoL. The consumption frequency of unhealthy foods was not associated with QoL. These findings are relevant when designing diet counselling, since QoL is an outcome that has been found to motivate people to change their health habits. Recommending abundant use of healthy foods could be a simple and convenient way of diet counselling at many health care appointments, where time consuming approaches are difficult to conduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Bergman
- Department of General Practice, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Henna Vepsäläinen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus A. Penttinen
- Department of General Practice, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Suomen Terveystalo, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Rautava
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Clinical Research Centre, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi E. Korhonen
- Department of General Practice, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014 Turku, Finland
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8
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Lorenzo PM, Izquierdo AG, Rodriguez-Carnero G, Fernández-Pombo A, Iglesias A, Carreira MC, Tejera C, Bellido D, Martinez-Olmos MA, Leis R, Casanueva FF, Crujeiras AB. Epigenetic Effects of Healthy Foods and Lifestyle Habits from the Southern European Atlantic Diet Pattern: A Narrative Review. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1725-1747. [PMID: 35421213 PMCID: PMC9526853 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent scientific evidence has shown the importance of diet and lifestyle habits for the proper functioning of the human body. A balanced and healthy diet, physical activity, and psychological well-being have a direct beneficial effect on health and can have a crucial role in the development and prognosis of certain diseases. The Southern European Atlantic diet, also named the Atlantic diet, is a unique dietary pattern that occurs in regions that present higher life expectancy, suggesting that this specific dietary pattern is associated with positive health effects. In fact, it is enriched with nutrients of high biological value, which, together with its cooking methods, physical activity promotion, reduction in carbon footprint, and promoting of family meals, promote these positive effects on health. The latest scientific advances in the field of nutri-epigenetics have revealed that epigenetic markers associated with food or nutrients and environmental factors modulate gene expression and, therefore, are involved with both health and disease. Thus, in this review, we evaluated the main aspects that define the Southern European Atlantic diet and the potential epigenetic changes associated with them based on recent studies regarding the main components of these dietary patterns. In conclusion, based on the information existing in the literature, we postulate that the Southern European Atlantic diet could promote healthy aging by means of epigenetic mechanisms. This review highlights the necessity of performing longitudinal studies to demonstrate this proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Lorenzo
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Epigenomics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea G Izquierdo
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Epigenomics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Rodriguez-Carnero
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Epigenomics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Endocrinology and Nutrition Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antía Fernández-Pombo
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alba Iglesias
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Epigenomics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos C Carreira
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain,Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Group. Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Tejera
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Epigenomics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol (CHUF/SERGAS), Ferrol, Spain
| | - Diego Bellido
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Epigenomics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol (CHUF/SERGAS), Ferrol, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martinez-Olmos
- Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Epigenomics Unit, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain,Endocrinology and Nutrition Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS/SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain,Department of Pediatrics, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS); Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Fundacion Dieta Atlántica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Felipe F Casanueva
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain,Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Group. Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS) and Santiago de Compostela University (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Fundacion Dieta Atlántica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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9
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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Baiamonte E, Guarrera M, Parisi A, Ruffolo C, Tagliaferri F, Barbagallo M. Healthy Aging and Dietary Patterns. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040889. [PMID: 35215539 PMCID: PMC8879056 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of factors contribute to the complex process of aging, which finally define whether someone will or not develop age-associated chronic diseases in late life. These determinants comprise genetic susceptibility as well as various behavioral, environmental, and dietary factors, all of which have been shown to influence specific pathways regulating the aging process and the extension of life, which makes longevity a multidimensional phenomenon. Although a “miraculous elixir” or a “nutrition pill” are not plausible, researchers agree on the notion that nutritional factors have major impact on the risk of age-associated chronic non-communicable diseases and mortality. In recent years nutrition research in relation to health outcomes has considerably changed from focusing exclusively on single nutrients to considering combinations of foods rather than nutrients in isolation. Although research on specific nutrients is scientifically valid providing crucial evidence on the mechanisms by which nutrition impacts health, the recent switch targeting the multifaceted synergistic interplay among nutrients, other dietary constituents, and whole foods, has promoted emerging interest on the actions of total dietary patterns. This narrative review aims to describe some specific dietary patterns with evidence of associations with reduction in the incidence of chronic diseases allowing older adults to live a long-lasting and healthier life, and confirming the powerful impact nutrition can exert on healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J. Dominguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-091-655-4828; Fax: +39-091-655-2952
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Eleonora Baiamonte
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Guarrera
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Angela Parisi
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Chiara Ruffolo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Federica Tagliaferri
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.B.); (M.G.); (A.P.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (M.B.)
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Setti MO, Kacimi SEO, Niskanen L, Virtanen J, Tuomainen TP. Synergic Interaction of Vitamin D Deficiency and Renal Hyperfiltration on Mortality in Middle-Aged Men. J Ren Nutr 2022; 32:692-701. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Martinez-Perez C, Daimiel L, Climent-Mainar C, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Schröder H, Martinez JA, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Vioque J, Romaguera D, López-Miranda J, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Tur JA, Sánchez VM, Pintó X, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía-Martín P, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Basterra J, Babio N, Guillem-Saiz P, Zomeño MD, Abete I, Vaquero-Luna J, Barón-López FJ, Gonzalez-Palacios S, Konieczna J, Garcia-Rios A, Bernal-López MR, Santos-Lozano JM, Bes-Rastrollo M, Khoury N, Saiz C, Pérez-Vega KA, Zulet MA, Tojal-Sierra L, Ruiz ZV, Martinez MA, Malcampo M, Ordovás JM, San-Cristobal R. Integrative development of a short screening questionnaire of highly processed food consumption (sQ-HPF). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:6. [PMID: 35073909 PMCID: PMC8785596 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent lifestyle changes include increased consumption of highly processed foods (HPF), which has been associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, nutritional information relies on the estimation of HPF consumption from food-frequency questionnaires (FFQ) that are not explicitly developed for this purpose. We aimed to develop a short screening questionnaire of HPF consumption (sQ-HPF) that integrates criteria from the existing food classification systems. METHODS Data from 4400 participants (48.1% female and 51.9% male, 64.9 ± 4.9 years) of the Spanish PREDIMED-Plus ("PREvention with MEDiterranean DIet") trial were used for this analysis. Items from the FFQ were classified according to four main food processing-based classification systems (NOVA, IARC, IFIC and UNC). Participants were classified into tertiles of HPF consumption according to each system. Using binomial logistic regression, food groups associated with agreement in the highest tertile for at least two classification systems were chosen as items for the questionnaire. ROC analysis was used to determine cut-off points for the frequency of consumption of each item, from which a score was calculated. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Cronbach's analysis, and agreement with the four classifications was assessed with weighted kappa coefficients. RESULTS Regression analysis identified 14 food groups (items) associated with high HPF consumption for at least two classification systems. EFA showed that items were representative contributors of a single underlying factor, the "HPF dietary pattern" (factor loadings around 0.2). We constructed a questionnaire asking about the frequency of consumption of those items. The threshold frequency of consumption was selected using ROC analysis. Comparison of the four classification systems and the sQ-HPF showed a fair to high agreement. Significant changes in lifestyle characteristics were detected across tertiles of the sQ-HPF score. Longitudinal changes in HPF consumption were also detected by the sQ-HPF, concordantly with existing classification systems. CONCLUSIONS We developed a practical tool to measure HPF consumption, the sQ-HPF. This may be a valuable instrument to study its relationship with NCDs. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospectively registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Registry ( ISRCTN89898870 ) on July 24, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Martinez-Perez
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. Cantoblanco, 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. Cantoblanco, 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Climent-Mainar
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. Cantoblanco, 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201, Reus, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Alfredo Martinez
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ángel M Alonso-Gómez
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29016, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), 07120, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14017, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08007, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, University of Málaga, 29016, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Preventive Medicine Service, Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18011, Granada, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS & IDISBA, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Olivar y Aceites de Oliva, Universidad de Jaén, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Biomedical Research Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Network (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08007, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD, University Autónoma, 28015, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08007, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Basterra
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201, Reus, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Patricia Guillem-Saiz
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Dolores Zomeño
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Health Sciences, Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, 08001, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jessica Vaquero-Luna
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Barón-López
- Department of Public Health, University of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29016, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sandra Gonzalez-Palacios
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), 07120, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Rios
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14017, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Rosa Bernal-López
- Internal Medicine Department, Regional University Hospital of Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nadine Khoury
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201, Reus, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Carmen Saiz
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Karla Alejandra Pérez-Vega
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Angeles Zulet
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lucas Tojal-Sierra
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Zenaida Vázquez Ruiz
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, 31009, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Martinez
- Biomedical Research Centre for Obesity Physiopathology and Nutrition Network (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquímica i biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201, Reus, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Mireia Malcampo
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Ordovás
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. Cantoblanco, 8, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM_USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02155, USA
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