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Nollet EE, Schuldt M, Sequeira V, Binek A, Pham TV, Schoonvelde SA, Jansen M, Schomakers BV, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Houtkooper RH, Van Eyk JE, Jimenez CR, Michels M, Bedi KC, Margulies KB, dos Remedios CG, Kuster DW, van der Velden J. Integrating Clinical Phenotype With Multiomics Analyses of Human Cardiac Tissue Unveils Divergent Metabolic Remodeling in Genotype-Positive and Genotype-Negative Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2024; 17:e004369. [PMID: 38853772 PMCID: PMC11188634 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.123.004369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by sarcomere gene mutations (genotype-positive HCM) in ≈50% of patients and occurs in the absence of mutations (genotype-negative HCM) in the other half of patients. We explored how alterations in the metabolomic and lipidomic landscape are involved in cardiac remodeling in both patient groups. METHODS We performed proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics on myectomy samples (genotype-positive N=19; genotype-negative N=22; and genotype unknown N=6) from clinically well-phenotyped patients with HCM and on cardiac tissue samples from sex- and age-matched and body mass index-matched nonfailing donors (N=20). These data sets were integrated to comprehensively map changes in lipid-handling and energy metabolism pathways. By linking metabolomic and lipidomic data to variability in clinical data, we explored patient group-specific associations between cardiac and metabolic remodeling. RESULTS HCM myectomy samples exhibited (1) increased glucose and glycogen metabolism, (2) downregulation of fatty acid oxidation, and (3) reduced ceramide formation and lipid storage. In genotype-negative patients, septal hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction correlated with lowering of acylcarnitines, redox metabolites, amino acids, pentose phosphate pathway intermediates, purines, and pyrimidines. In contrast, redox metabolites, amino acids, pentose phosphate pathway intermediates, purines, and pyrimidines were positively associated with septal hypertrophy and diastolic impairment in genotype-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS We provide novel insights into both general and genotype-specific metabolic changes in HCM. Distinct metabolic alterations underlie cardiac disease progression in genotype-negative and genotype-positive patients with HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar E. Nollet
- Department of Physiology (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, the Netherlands (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.)
| | - Maike Schuldt
- Department of Physiology (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, the Netherlands (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.)
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Department of Translational Science Universitätsklinikum, Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, Würzburg, Germany (V.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Binek
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute (A.B., J.E.V.E.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Thang V. Pham
- Department of Medical Oncology, VUmc Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory (T.V.P., C.R.J.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mark Jansen
- Division of Genetics and Department of Cardiology, UMC Utrecht, the Netherlands (M.J.)
| | - Bauke V. Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V., R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V., R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Fred M. Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V., R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H. Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases (B.V.S., M.v.W., F.M.V., R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Emma Center for Personalized Medicine (R.H.H.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Netherlands (R.H.H.)
| | - Jennifer E. Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute (A.B., J.E.V.E.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Smidt Heart Institute (J.E.V.E.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Connie R. Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology, VUmc Cancer Center Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory (T.V.P., C.R.J.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Michelle Michels
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (S.A.C.S., M.M.)
| | - Kenneth C. Bedi
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (K.C.B., K.B.M.)
| | - Kenneth B. Margulies
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (K.C.B., K.B.M.)
| | - Cristobal G. dos Remedios
- Sydney Heart Bank, Discipline of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia (C.G.d.R.)
| | - Diederik W.D. Kuster
- Department of Physiology (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, the Netherlands (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.)
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.), Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Heart Failure and Arrhythmias, the Netherlands (E.E.N., M.S., D.W.D.K., J.v.d.V.)
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Angom RS, Joshi A, Patowary A, Sivadas A, Ramasamy S, K. V. S, Kaushik K, Sabharwal A, Lalwani MK, K. S, Singh N, Scaria V, Sivasubbu S. Forward genetic screen using a gene-breaking trap approach identifies a novel role of grin2bb-associated RNA transcript ( grin2bbART) in zebrafish heart function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1339292. [PMID: 38533084 PMCID: PMC10964321 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1339292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
LncRNA-based control affects cardiac pathophysiologies like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, hypertrophy, and myotonic muscular dystrophy. This study used a gene-break transposon (GBT) to screen zebrafish (Danio rerio) for insertional mutagenesis. We identified three insertional mutants where the GBT captured a cardiac gene. One of the adult viable GBT mutants had bradycardia (heart arrhythmia) and enlarged cardiac chambers or hypertrophy; we named it "bigheart." Bigheart mutant insertion maps to grin2bb or N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR2B) gene intron 2 in reverse orientation. Rapid amplification of adjacent cDNA ends analysis suggested a new insertion site transcript in the intron 2 of grin2bb. Analysis of the RNA sequencing of wild-type zebrafish heart chambers revealed a possible new transcript at the insertion site. As this putative lncRNA transcript satisfies the canonical signatures, we called this transcript grin2bb associated RNA transcript (grin2bbART). Using in situ hybridization, we confirmed localized grin2bbART expression in the heart, central nervous system, and muscles in the developing embryos and wild-type adult zebrafish atrium and bulbus arteriosus. The bigheart mutant had reduced Grin2bbART expression. We showed that bigheart gene trap insertion excision reversed cardiac-specific arrhythmia and atrial hypertrophy and restored grin2bbART expression. Morpholino-mediated antisense downregulation of grin2bbART in wild-type zebrafish embryos mimicked bigheart mutants; this suggests grin2bbART is linked to bigheart. Cardiovascular tissues use Grin2bb as a calcium-permeable ion channel. Calcium imaging experiments performed on bigheart mutants indicated calcium mishandling in the heart. The bigheart cardiac transcriptome showed differential expression of calcium homeostasis, cardiac remodeling, and contraction genes. Western blot analysis highlighted Camk2d1 and Hdac1 overexpression. We propose that altered calcium activity due to disruption of grin2bbART, a putative lncRNA in bigheart, altered the Camk2d-Hdac pathway, causing heart arrhythmia and hypertrophy in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramcharan Singh Angom
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Adita Joshi
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Patowary
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Ambily Sivadas
- GN Ramachandran Knowledge Center for Genome Informatics, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Soundhar Ramasamy
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Shamsudheen K. V.
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- GN Ramachandran Knowledge Center for Genome Informatics, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kriti Kaushik
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ankit Sabharwal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Lalwani
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Subburaj K.
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Naresh Singh
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Scaria
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- GN Ramachandran Knowledge Center for Genome Informatics, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sridhar Sivasubbu
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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3
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Pietsch N, Chen CY, Kupsch S, Bacmeister L, Geertz B, Herera-Rivero M, Voß H, Krämer E, Braren I, Westermann D, Schlüter H, Mearini G, Schlossarek S, van der Velden J, Caporizzo MA, Lindner D, Prosser BL, Carrier L. Chronic activation of tubulin tyrosination in HCM mice and human iPSC-engineered heart tissues improves heart function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.25.542365. [PMID: 37292763 PMCID: PMC10245930 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.542365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rationale: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common cardiac genetic disorder caused by sarcomeric gene variants and associated with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. The role of the microtubule network has recently gained interest with the findings that -α-tubulin detyrosination (dTyr-tub) is markedly elevated in heart failure. Acute reduction of dTyr-tub by inhibition of the detyrosinase (VASH/SVBP complex) or activation of the tyrosinase (tubulin tyrosine ligase, TTL) markedly improved contractility and reduced stiffness in human failing cardiomyocytes, and thus poses a new perspective for HCM treatment. Objective: In this study, we tested the impact of chronic tubulin tyrosination in a HCM mouse model ( Mybpc3 -knock-in; KI), in human HCM cardiomyocytes and in SVBP-deficient human engineered heart tissues (EHTs). Methods and Results: AAV9-mediated TTL transfer was applied in neonatal wild-type (WT) rodents and 3-week-old KI mice and in HCM human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes. We show that i) TTL for 6 weeks dose-dependently reduced dTyr-tub and improved contractility without affecting cytosolic calcium transients in WT cardiomyocytes; ii) TTL for 12 weeks improved diastolic filling, cardiac output and stroke volume and reduced stiffness in KI mice; iii) TTL for 10 days normalized cell hypertrophy in HCM hiPSC-cardiomyocytes; iv) TTL induced a marked transcription and translation of several tubulins and modulated mRNA or protein levels of components of mitochondria, Z-disc, ribosome, intercalated disc, lysosome and cytoskeleton in KI mice; v) SVBP-deficient EHTs exhibited reduced dTyr-tub levels, higher force and faster relaxation than TTL-deficient and WT EHTs. RNA-seq and mass spectrometry analysis revealed distinct enrichment of cardiomyocyte components and pathways in SVBP-KO vs. TTL-KO EHTs. Conclusion: This study provides the first proof-of-concept that chronic activation of tubulin tyrosination in HCM mice and in human EHTs improves heart function and holds promise for targeting the non-sarcomeric cytoskeleton in heart disease.
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Yang Z, Cao Y, Kong L, Xi J, Liu S, Zhang J, Cheng W. Small molecules as modulators of the proteostasis machinery: Implication in cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116030. [PMID: 38071793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
With the escalating prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, the substantial socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems is intensifying. Accumulating empirical evidence underscores the pivotal role of the proteostasis network in regulating cardiac homeostasis and function. Disruptions in proteostasis may contribute to the loss of protein function or the acquisition of toxic functions, which are intricately linked to the development of cardiovascular ailments such as atrial fibrillation, heart failure, atherosclerosis, and cardiac aging. It is widely acknowledged that the proteostasis network encompasses molecular chaperones, autophagy, and the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). Consequently, the proteostasis network emerges as an appealing target for therapeutic interventions in cardiovascular diseases. Numerous small molecules, acting as modulators of the proteostasis machinery, have exhibited therapeutic efficacy in managing cardiovascular diseases. This review centers on elucidating the role of the proteostasis network in various cardiovascular diseases and explores the potential of small molecules as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Limin Kong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jianjun Xi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Shourong Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Weiyan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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5
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Ananthamohan K, Stelzer JE, Sadayappan S. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in MYBPC3 carriers in aging. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:9. [PMID: 38406555 PMCID: PMC10883298 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by abnormal thickening of the myocardium, leading to arrhythmias, heart failure, and elevated risk of sudden cardiac death, particularly among the young. This inherited disease is predominantly caused by mutations in sarcomeric genes, among which those in the cardiac myosin binding protein-C3 (MYBPC3) gene are major contributors. HCM associated with MYBPC3 mutations usually presents in the elderly and ranges from asymptomatic to symptomatic forms, affecting numerous cardiac functions and presenting significant health risks with a spectrum of clinical manifestations. Regulation of MYBPC3 expression involves various transcriptional and translational mechanisms, yet the destiny of mutant MYBPC3 mRNA and protein in late-onset HCM remains unclear. Pathogenesis related to MYBPC3 mutations includes nonsense-mediated decay, alternative splicing, and ubiquitin-proteasome system events, leading to allelic imbalance and haploinsufficiency. Aging further exacerbates the severity of HCM in carriers of MYBPC3 mutations. Advancements in high-throughput omics techniques have identified crucial molecular events and regulatory disruptions in cardiomyocytes expressing MYBPC3 variants. This review assesses the pathogenic mechanisms that promote late-onset HCM through the lens of transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational modulation of MYBPC3, underscoring its significance in HCM across carriers. The review also evaluates the influence of aging on these processes and MYBPC3 levels during HCM pathogenesis in the elderly. While pinpointing targets for novel medical interventions to conserve cardiac function remains challenging, the emergence of personalized omics offers promising avenues for future HCM treatments, particularly for late-onset cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Ananthamohan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Julian E. Stelzer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 45267, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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Tudurachi BS, Zăvoi A, Leonte A, Țăpoi L, Ureche C, Bîrgoan SG, Chiuariu T, Anghel L, Radu R, Sascău RA, Stătescu C. An Update on MYBPC3 Gene Mutation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10510. [PMID: 37445689 PMCID: PMC10341819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent genetically inherited cardiomyopathy that follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The majority of HCM cases can be attributed to mutation of the MYBPC3 gene, which encodes cMyBP-C, a crucial structural protein of the cardiac muscle. The manifestation of HCM's morphological, histological, and clinical symptoms is subject to the complex interplay of various determinants, including genetic mutation and environmental factors. Approximately half of MYBPC3 mutations give rise to truncated protein products, while the remaining mutations cause insertion/deletion, frameshift, or missense mutations of single amino acids. In addition, the onset of HCM may be attributed to disturbances in the protein and transcript quality control systems, namely, the ubiquitin-proteasome system and nonsense-mediated RNA dysfunctions. The aforementioned genetic modifications, which appear to be associated with unfavorable lifelong outcomes and are largely influenced by the type of mutation, exhibit a unique array of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to arrhythmic syncope and even sudden cardiac death. Although the current understanding of the MYBPC3 mutation does not comprehensively explain the varied phenotypic manifestations witnessed in patients with HCM, patients with pathogenic MYBPC3 mutations can exhibit an array of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to advanced heart failure and sudden cardiac death, leading to a higher rate of adverse clinical outcomes. This review focuses on MYBPC3 mutation and its characteristics as a prognostic determinant for disease onset and related clinical consequences in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Sorin Tudurachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (L.Ț.); (C.U.); (L.A.); (R.R.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Alexandra Zăvoi
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Andreea Leonte
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Laura Țăpoi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (L.Ț.); (C.U.); (L.A.); (R.R.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Carina Ureche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (L.Ț.); (C.U.); (L.A.); (R.R.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Silviu Gabriel Bîrgoan
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Traian Chiuariu
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Larisa Anghel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (L.Ț.); (C.U.); (L.A.); (R.R.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Rodica Radu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (L.Ț.); (C.U.); (L.A.); (R.R.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Radu Andy Sascău
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (L.Ț.); (C.U.); (L.A.); (R.R.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
| | - Cristian Stătescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (B.-S.T.); (L.Ț.); (C.U.); (L.A.); (R.R.); (R.A.S.); (C.S.)
- Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Carol I Boulevard, No. 50, 700503 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.); (S.G.B.); (T.C.)
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7
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Barefield DY. Is haploinsufficiency a sufficient mechanism for MYBPC3 truncating mutations? J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202313351. [PMID: 36946992 PMCID: PMC10072154 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced expression of MYBPC3 causes early dysfunction in human cell culture models prior to reduced cMyBP-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y. Barefield
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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8
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Chen K, Zhu CY, Bai JY, Xiao F, Tan S, Zhou Q, Zeng L. Identification of Feature Genes and Key Biological Pathways in Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy: High-Throughput Sequencing and Bioinformatics Analysis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2228-2240. [PMID: 37035552 PMCID: PMC10074409 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), a subgroup of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), is characterized by severe proximal muscle weakness and prominent necrotic fibers but no infiltration of inflammatory cells. IMNM pathogenesis is unclear. This study investigated key biomarkers and potential pathways for IMNM using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics technology. Methods RNA sequencing was conducted in 18 IMNM patients and 10 controls. A combination of weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was conducted to identify IMNM-related DEGs. Feature genes were screened out by employing the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), and least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify their differential expression, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate their diagnostic efficiency. Functional enrichment analysis was applied to reveal the hidden functions of feature genes. Furthermore, 28 immune cell abundance patterns in IMNM samples were measured. Results We identified 193 IMNM-related DEGs that were aberrantly upregulated in the IMNM population and were closely associated with immune-inflammatory responses, regulation of skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction, and lipoprotein metabolism. With the help of the PPI network and the LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms, three feature genes, LTK, MYBPH, and MYL4, were identified and further confirmed by qRT-PCR. ROC curves among IMNM, dermatomyositis (DM), inclusion body myositis (IBM), and polymyositis (PM) samples validated the LTK and MYL4 genes as IMNM-specific feature markers. In addition, all three genes had a notable association with the autophagy-lysosome pathway and immune-inflammatory responses. Ultimately, IMNM displayed a marked immune-cell infiltrative microenvironment. The most significant correlation was found between CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells (DCs). Conclusions LTK, MYBPH, and MYL4 were identified as potential key molecules for IMNM and are believed to play a role in the autophagy-lysosome pathway and muscle inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun-yan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-ying Bai
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Tan
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Corresponding author at: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Corresponding author.
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9
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Broadway-Stringer S, Jiang H, Wadmore K, Hooper C, Douglas G, Steeples V, Azad AJ, Singer E, Reyat JS, Galatik F, Ehler E, Bennett P, Kalisch-Smith JI, Sparrow DB, Davies B, Djinovic-Carugo K, Gautel M, Watkins H, Gehmlich K. Insights into the Role of a Cardiomyopathy-Causing Genetic Variant in ACTN2. Cells 2023; 12:721. [PMID: 36899856 PMCID: PMC10001372 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in ACTN2, coding for alpha-actinin 2, are known to be rare causes of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. However, little is known about the underlying disease mechanisms. Adult heterozygous mice carrying the Actn2 p.Met228Thr variant were phenotyped by echocardiography. For homozygous mice, viable E15.5 embryonic hearts were analysed by High Resolution Episcopic Microscopy and wholemount staining, complemented by unbiased proteomics, qPCR and Western blotting. Heterozygous Actn2 p.Met228Thr mice have no overt phenotype. Only mature males show molecular parameters indicative of cardiomyopathy. By contrast, the variant is embryonically lethal in the homozygous setting and E15.5 hearts show multiple morphological abnormalities. Molecular analyses, including unbiased proteomics, identified quantitative abnormalities in sarcomeric parameters, cell-cycle defects and mitochondrial dysfunction. The mutant alpha-actinin protein is found to be destabilised, associated with increased activity of the ubiquitin-proteasomal system. This missense variant in alpha-actinin renders the protein less stable. In response, the ubiquitin-proteasomal system is activated; a mechanism that has been implicated in cardiomyopathies previously. In parallel, a lack of functional alpha-actinin is thought to cause energetic defects through mitochondrial dysfunction. This seems, together with cell-cycle defects, the likely cause of the death of the embryos. The defects also have wide-ranging morphological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - He Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Kirsty Wadmore
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Charlotte Hooper
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Gillian Douglas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Violetta Steeples
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Amar J. Azad
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Evie Singer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jasmeet S. Reyat
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Frantisek Galatik
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Elisabeth Ehler
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Pauline Bennett
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | | | - Duncan B. Sparrow
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Benjamin Davies
- Transgenic Core, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Kristina Djinovic-Carugo
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Gautel
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Katja Gehmlich
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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10
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Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies Potential Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Biomarkers in Carriers of MYBPC3 Founder Variants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044031. [PMID: 36835444 PMCID: PMC9961357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent monogenic heart disease, commonly caused by pathogenic MYBPC3 variants, and a significant cause of sudden cardiac death. Severity is highly variable, with incomplete penetrance among genotype-positive family members. Previous studies demonstrated metabolic changes in HCM. We aimed to identify metabolite profiles associated with disease severity in carriers of MYBPC3 founder variants using direct-infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry in plasma of 30 carriers with a severe phenotype (maximum wall thickness ≥20 mm, septal reduction therapy, congestive heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, or malignant ventricular arrhythmia) and 30 age- and sex-matched carriers with no or a mild phenotype. Of the top 25 mass spectrometry peaks selected by sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis, XGBoost gradient boosted trees, and Lasso logistic regression (42 total), 36 associated with severe HCM at a p < 0.05, 20 at p < 0.01, and 3 at p < 0.001. These peaks could be clustered to several metabolic pathways, including acylcarnitine, histidine, lysine, purine and steroid hormone metabolism, and proteolysis. In conclusion, this exploratory case-control study identified metabolites associated with severe phenotypes in MYBPC3 founder variant carriers. Future studies should assess whether these biomarkers contribute to HCM pathogenesis and evaluate their contribution to risk stratification.
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11
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Zech ATL, Prondzynski M, Singh SR, Pietsch N, Orthey E, Alizoti E, Busch J, Madsen A, Behrens CS, Meyer-Jens M, Mearini G, Lemoine MD, Krämer E, Mosqueira D, Virdi S, Indenbirken D, Depke M, Salazar MG, Völker U, Braren I, Pu WT, Eschenhagen T, Hammer E, Schlossarek S, Carrier L. ACTN2 Mutant Causes Proteopathy in Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172745. [PMID: 36078153 PMCID: PMC9454684 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in α-actinin-2 (ACTN2) are associated with several forms of (cardio)myopathy. We previously reported a heterozygous missense (c.740C>T) ACTN2 gene variant, associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and characterized by an electro-mechanical phenotype in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Here, we created with CRISPR/Cas9 genetic tools two heterozygous functional knock-out hiPSC lines with a second wild-type (ACTN2wt) and missense ACTN2 (ACTN2mut) allele, respectively. We evaluated their impact on cardiomyocyte structure and function, using a combination of different technologies, including immunofluorescence and live cell imaging, RNA-seq, and mass spectrometry. This study showed that ACTN2mut presents a higher percentage of multinucleation, protein aggregation, hypertrophy, myofibrillar disarray, and activation of both the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosomal pathway as compared to ACTN2wt in 2D-cultured hiPSC-CMs. Furthermore, the expression of ACTN2mut was associated with a marked reduction of sarcomere-associated protein levels in 2D-cultured hiPSC-CMs and force impairment in engineered heart tissues. In conclusion, our study highlights the activation of proteolytic systems in ACTN2mut hiPSC-CMs likely to cope with ACTN2 aggregation and therefore directs towards proteopathy as an additional cellular pathology caused by this ACTN2 variant, which may contribute to human ACTN2-associated cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia T. L. Zech
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maksymilian Prondzynski
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sonia R. Singh
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niels Pietsch
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Orthey
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erda Alizoti
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Josefine Busch
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Madsen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotta S. Behrens
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Meyer-Jens
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giulia Mearini
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc D. Lemoine
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Krämer
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diogo Mosqueira
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Sanamjeet Virdi
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute of Virology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Indenbirken
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute of Virology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maren Depke
- Department for Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Manuela Gesell Salazar
- Department for Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department for Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ingke Braren
- Vector Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - William T. Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elke Hammer
- Department for Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Saskia Schlossarek
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-40-7410-57208
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12
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Suay-Corredera C, Alegre-Cebollada J. The mechanics of the heart: zooming in on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and cMyBP-C. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:703-746. [PMID: 35224729 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a disease characterized by cardiac muscle hypertrophy and hypercontractility, is the most frequently inherited disorder of the heart. HCM is mainly caused by variants in genes encoding proteins of the sarcomere, the basic contractile unit of cardiomyocytes. The most frequently mutated among them is MYBPC3, which encodes cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C), a key regulator of sarcomere contraction. In this review, we summarize clinical and genetic aspects of HCM and provide updated information on the function of the healthy and HCM sarcomere, as well as on emerging therapeutic options targeting sarcomere mechanical activity. Building on what is known about cMyBP-C activity, we examine different pathogenicity drivers by which MYBPC3 variants can cause disease, focussing on protein haploinsufficiency as a common pathomechanism also in nontruncating variants. Finally, we discuss recent evidence correlating altered cMyBP-C mechanical properties with HCM development.
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13
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de Boer RA, Heymans S, Backs J, Carrier L, Coats AJS, Dimmeler S, Eschenhagen T, Filippatos G, Gepstein L, Hulot JS, Knöll R, Kupatt C, Linke WA, Seidman CE, Tocchetti CG, van der Velden J, Walsh R, Seferovic PM, Thum T. Targeted therapies in genetic dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic targets. Eur J Heart Fail 2021; 24:406-420. [PMID: 34969177 PMCID: PMC9305112 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic cardiomyopathies are disorders of the cardiac muscle, most often explained by pathogenic mutations in genes encoding sarcomere, cytoskeleton, or ion channel proteins. Clinical phenotypes such as heart failure and arrhythmia are classically treated with generic drugs, but aetiology‐specific and targeted treatments are lacking. As a result, cardiomyopathies still present a major burden to society, and affect many young and older patients. The Translational Committee of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) and the Working Group of Myocardial Function of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) organized a workshop to discuss recent advances in molecular and physiological studies of various forms of cardiomyopathies. The study of cardiomyopathies has intensified after several new study setups became available, such as induced pluripotent stem cells, three‐dimensional printing of cells, use of scaffolds and engineered heart tissue, with convincing human validation studies. Furthermore, our knowledge on the consequences of mutated proteins has deepened, with relevance for cellular homeostasis, protein quality control and toxicity, often specific to particular cardiomyopathies, with precise effects explaining the aberrations. This has opened up new avenues to treat cardiomyopathies, using contemporary techniques from the molecular toolbox, such as gene editing and repair using CRISPR‐Cas9 techniques, antisense therapies, novel designer drugs, and RNA therapies. In this article, we discuss the connection between biology and diverse clinical presentation, as well as promising new medications and therapeutic avenues, which may be instrumental to come to precision medicine of genetic cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), PO Box 5800, 6202, AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Lior Gepstein
- Department of Cardiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haaliya Street, 31096, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jean-Sebastien Hulot
- Université de Paris, INSERM, PARCC, F-75006, Paris, France.,CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP- HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Ralph Knöll
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre (ICMC), Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden.,Bioscience, Cardiovascular, Renal & Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinic rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Muenster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Christine E Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI); Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET); Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roddy Walsh
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Heart Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petar M Seferovic
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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14
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Ranjbarvaziri S, Kooiker KB, Ellenberger M, Fajardo G, Zhao M, Vander Roest AS, Woldeyes RA, Koyano TT, Fong R, Ma N, Tian L, Traber GM, Chan F, Perrino J, Reddy S, Chiu W, Wu JC, Woo JY, Ruppel KM, Spudich JA, Snyder MP, Contrepois K, Bernstein D. Altered Cardiac Energetics and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2021; 144:1714-1731. [PMID: 34672721 PMCID: PMC8608736 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.053575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex disease partly explained by the effects of individual gene variants on sarcomeric protein biomechanics. At the cellular level, HCM mutations most commonly enhance force production, leading to higher energy demands. Despite significant advances in elucidating sarcomeric structure-function relationships, there is still much to be learned about the mechanisms that link altered cardiac energetics to HCM phenotypes. In this work, we test the hypothesis that changes in cardiac energetics represent a common pathophysiologic pathway in HCM. METHODS We performed a comprehensive multiomics profile of the molecular (transcripts, metabolites, and complex lipids), ultrastructural, and functional components of HCM energetics using myocardial samples from 27 HCM patients and 13 normal controls (donor hearts). RESULTS Integrated omics analysis revealed alterations in a wide array of biochemical pathways with major dysregulation in fatty acid metabolism, reduction of acylcarnitines, and accumulation of free fatty acids. HCM hearts showed evidence of global energetic decompensation manifested by a decrease in high energy phosphate metabolites (ATP, ADP, and phosphocreatine) and a reduction in mitochondrial genes involved in creatine kinase and ATP synthesis. Accompanying these metabolic derangements, electron microscopy showed an increased fraction of severely damaged mitochondria with reduced cristae density, coinciding with reduced citrate synthase activity and mitochondrial oxidative respiration. These mitochondrial abnormalities were associated with elevated reactive oxygen species and reduced antioxidant defenses. However, despite significant mitochondrial injury, HCM hearts failed to upregulate mitophagic clearance. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that perturbed metabolic signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction are common pathogenic mechanisms in patients with HCM. These results highlight potential new drug targets for attenuation of the clinical disease through improving metabolic function and reducing mitochondrial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ranjbarvaziri
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Kristina B Kooiker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle (K.B.K.)
| | - Mathew Ellenberger
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Giovanni Fajardo
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Alison Schroer Vander Roest
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Rahel A Woldeyes
- Department of Bioengineering (R.A.W., W.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Tiffany T Koyano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Robyn Fong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Ning Ma
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Lei Tian
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Gavin M Traber
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Frandics Chan
- Department of Radiology (F.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - John Perrino
- Cell Sciences Imaging Facility (J.P.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Sushma Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Wah Chiu
- Department of Bioengineering (R.A.W., W.C.), Stanford University, CA
- Division of Cryo-Electron Microscopy and Bioimaging, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (W.C.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (N.M., L.T., J.C.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Joseph Y Woo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery (T.T.K., R.F., J.Y.W.), Stanford University, CA
| | - Kathleen M Ruppel
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Biochemistry (K.M.R.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | | | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics (M.E., G.M.T., M.P.S., K.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Daniel Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., S.Reddy, K.M.R., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.Ranjbarvaziri, G.F., M.Z., A.S.V.R., N.M., L.T., S.Reddy, J.C.W., D.B.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
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15
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Düsener S, Flenner F, Maack C, Kohlhaas M, Bay J, Carrier L, Friedrich FW. Ouabain worsens diastolic sarcomere length in myocytes from a cardiomyopathy mouse model. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 904:174170. [PMID: 33984298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Diastolic dysfunction is a major feature of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Data from patient tissue and animal models associate increased Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilaments with altered Na+ and Ca2+ ion homeostasis in cardiomyocytes with diastolic dysfunction. In this study, we tested the acute effects of ouabain on ventricular myocytes of an HCM mouse model. The effects of ouabain on contractility and Ca2+ transients were tested in intact adult mouse ventricular myocytes (AMVMs) of Mybpc3-targeted knock-in (KI) and wild-type (WT) mice. Concentration-response assessment of contractile function revealed low sensitivity of AMVMs to ouabain (10 μM) compared to literature data on human cardiomyocytes (100 nM). Three hundred μM ouabain increased contraction amplitude (WT ~1.8-fold; KI ~1.5-fold) and diastolic intracellular Ca2+ in both WT and KI (+12-18%), but further decreased diastolic sarcomere length in KI cardiomyocytes (-5%). Western Blot analysis of whole heart protein extracts revealed 50% lower amounts of Na+/K+ ATPase (NKA) in KI than in WT. Ouabain worsened the diastolic phenotype of KI cardiomyocytes at concentrations which did not impair WT diastolic function. Ouabain led to an elevation of intracellular Ca2+, which was poorly tolerated in KI showing already high cytosolic Ca2+ at baseline due to increased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. Lower amounts of NKA in KI could amplify the need to exchange excessive intracellular Na+ for Ca2+ and thereby explain the general tendency to higher diastolic Ca2+ in KI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Düsener
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frederik Flenner
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kohlhaas
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Bay
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Felix W Friedrich
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
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16
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Xu F, Chen Y, Tillman KA, Cui Y, Williams RW, Bhattacharya SK, Lu L, Sun Y. Characterizing modifier genes of cardiac fibrosis phenotype in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol 2021; 330:135-141. [PMID: 33529666 PMCID: PMC8105878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical phenotypes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) vary greatly even among patients with the same gene mutations. This variability is largely regulated by unidentified modifier loci. The purpose of the study is to identify modifier genes for cardiac fibrosis-a major phenotype of HCM-using the BXD family, a murine cohort. METHODS The relative severity of cardiac fibrosis was estimated by quantitation of cardiac collagen volume fraction (CCVF) across 66 members of the BXD family. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for cardiac fibrosis was done using GeneNetwork. Candidate modifier loci and genes associated with fibrosis were prioritized based on an explicit scoring system. Networks of correlation between fibrosis and cardiac transcriptomes were evaluated to generate causal models of disease susceptibility. RESULTS CCVF levels varied greatly within this family. Interval mapping identified a significant CCVF-related QTL on chromosome (Chr) 2 in males, and a significant QTL on Chr 4 Mb in females. The scoring system highlighted two strong candidate genes in the Chr 2 locus-Nek6 and Nr6a1. Both genes are highly expressed in the heart. Cardiac Nek6 mRNA levels are significantly correlated with CCVF. Nipsnap3b and Fktn are lead candidate genes for the Chr 4 locus, and both are also highly expressed in heart. Cardiac Nipsnap3b gene expression correlates well with CCVF. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that candidate modifier genes of cardiac fibrosis phenotype in HCM are different in males and females. Nek6 and Nr6a1 are strong candidates in males, while Nipsnap3b and Fktn are top candidates in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Xu
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Yuanjian Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Kaitlin A Tillman
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Yan Cui
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Robert W Williams
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Syamal K Bhattacharya
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Lu Lu
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America.
| | - Yao Sun
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America.
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17
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Wenzel K, Krämer E, Geertz B, Carrier L, Felix SB, Könemann S, Schlossarek S. A Transgenic Mouse Model of Eccentric Left Ventricular Hypertrophy With Preserved Ejection Fraction Exhibits Alterations in the Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway. Front Physiol 2021; 12:614878. [PMID: 33995116 PMCID: PMC8121148 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.614878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) are the main proteolytic systems involved in cellular homeostasis. Since cardiomyocytes, as terminally differentiated cells, lack the ability to share damaged proteins with their daughter cells, they are especially reliant on these protein degradation systems for their proper function. Alterations of the UPS and ALP have been reported in a wide range of cardiac diseases, including cardiomyopathies. In this study, we determined whether the UPS and ALP are altered in a mouse model of eccentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy expressing both cyclin T1 and Gαq under the control of the cardiac-specific α-myosin heavy chain promoter (double transgenic; DTG). Compared to wild-type (WT) littermates, DTG mice showed higher end-diastolic (ED) LV wall thicknesses and diameter with preserved ejection fraction (EF). The cardiomyopathic phenotype was further confirmed by an upregulation of the fetal gene program and genes associated with fibrosis as well as a downregulation of genes involved in Ca2+ handling. Likewise, higher NT-proBNP levels were detected in DTG mice. Investigation of the UPS showed elevated steady-state levels of (poly)ubiquitinated proteins without alterations of all proteasomal activities in DTG mice. Evaluation of ALP key marker revealed a mixed pattern with higher protein levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (LC3)-I and lysosomal-associated membrane protein-2, lower protein levels of beclin-1 and FYVE and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1 (FYCO1) and unchanged protein levels of p62/SQSTM1 in DTG mice when compared to WT. At transcriptional level, a > 1.2-fold expression was observed for Erbb2, Hdac6, Lamp2, Nrg1, and Sqstm1, while a < 0.8-fold expression was revealed for Fyco1 in DTG mice. The results related to the ALP suggested overall a repression of the ALP during the initiation process, but an induction of the ALP at the level of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and the delivery of ubiquitinated cargo to the ALP for degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Wenzel
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Krämer
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Geertz
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan B Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Könemann
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Saskia Schlossarek
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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18
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Genetic Restrictive Cardiomyopathy: Causes and Consequences-An Integrative Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020558. [PMID: 33429969 PMCID: PMC7827163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarcomere as the smallest contractile unit is prone to alterations in its functional, structural and associated proteins. Sarcomeric dysfunction leads to heart failure or cardiomyopathies like hypertrophic (HCM) or restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) etc. Genetic based RCM, a very rare but severe disease with a high mortality rate, might be induced by mutations in genes of non-sarcomeric, sarcomeric and sarcomere associated proteins. In this review, we discuss the functional effects in correlation to the phenotype and present an integrated model for the development of genetic RCM.
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19
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Singh SR, Meyer-Jens M, Alizoti E, Bacon WC, Davis G, Osinska H, Gulick J, Reischmann-Düsener S, Orthey E, McLendon PM, Molkentin JD, Schlossarek S, Robbins J, Carrier L. A high-throughput screening identifies ZNF418 as a novel regulator of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Autophagy 2020; 17:3124-3139. [PMID: 33249983 PMCID: PMC8526018 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1856493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) are two major protein degradation pathways in eukaryotic cells. Initially considered as two independent pathways, there is emerging evidence that they can work in concert. As alterations of UPS and ALP function can contribute to neurodegenerative disorders, cancer and cardiac disease, there is great interest in finding targets that modulate these catabolic processes. We undertook an unbiased, total genome high-throughput screen to identify novel effectors that regulate both the UPS and ALP. We generated a stable HEK293 cell line expressing a UPS reporter (UbG76V-mCherry) and an ALP reporter (GFP-LC3) and screened for genes for which knockdown increased both UbG76V-mCherry intensity and GFP-LC3 puncta. With stringent selection, we isolated 80 candidates, including the transcription factor ZNF418 (ZFP418 in rodents). After screen validation with Zfp418 overexpression in HEK293 cells, we evaluated Zfp418 knockdown and overexpression in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs). Endogenous and overexpressed ZFP418 were localized in the nucleus. Subsequent experiments showed that ZFP418 negatively regulates UPS and positively regulates ALP activity in NRVMs. RNA-seq from Zfp418 knockdown revealed altered gene expression of numerous ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes, decreased expression of autophagy activators and initiators and increased expression of autophagy inhibitors. We found that ZPF418 activated the promoters of Dapk2 and Fyco1, which are involved in autophagy. RNA-seq from Zfp418 knockdown revealed accumulation of several genes involved in cardiac development and/or hypertrophy. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that ZNF418 activates the ALP, inhibits the UPS and regulates genes associated with cardiomyocyte structure/function. Abbreviations: ACTN2, actinin alpha 2; ALP, autophagy-lysosomal pathway; COPB1, COPI coat complex subunit beta 1; DAPK2, death associated protein kinase 2; FYCO1, FYVE and coiled-coil domain autophagy adaptor 1; HEK293, human embryonic kidney cells 293; HTS, high-throughput screen; LC3, microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NRVMs, neonatal rat ventricular myocytes; RNA-seq, RNA sequencing; RPS6, ribosomal protein S6; TNNI3, troponin I, cardiac 3; UPS, ubiquitin-proteasome system; shRNA, short hairpin RNA; SQSTM1/p62, sequestosome 1; VPS28, VPS28 subunit of ESCRT-I; ZNF418/ZFP418, zinc finger protein 418.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia R Singh
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.,Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Moritz Meyer-Jens
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erda Alizoti
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - W Clark Bacon
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gregory Davis
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hanna Osinska
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James Gulick
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Silke Reischmann-Düsener
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Orthey
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick M McLendon
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Saskia Schlossarek
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jeffrey Robbins
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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20
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Santini L, Palandri C, Nediani C, Cerbai E, Coppini R. Modelling genetic diseases for drug development: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Arif M, Nabavizadeh P, Song T, Desai D, Singh R, Bazrafshan S, Kumar M, Wang Y, Gilbert RJ, Dhandapany PS, Becker RC, Kranias EG, Sadayappan S. Genetic, clinical, molecular, and pathogenic aspects of the South Asian-specific polymorphic MYBPC3 Δ25bp variant. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:1065-1084. [PMID: 32656747 PMCID: PMC7429610 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiac genetic disease characterized by ventricular enlargement, diastolic dysfunction, and increased risk for sudden cardiac death. Sarcomeric genetic defects are the predominant known cause of HCM. In particular, mutations in the myosin-binding protein C gene (MYBPC3) are associated with ~ 40% of all HCM cases in which a genetic basis has been established. A decade ago, our group reported a 25-base pair deletion in intron 32 of MYBPC3 (MYBPC3Δ25bp) that is uniquely prevalent in South Asians and is associated with autosomal dominant cardiomyopathy. Although our studies suggest that this deletion results in left ventricular dysfunction, cardiomyopathies, and heart failure, the precise mechanism by which this variant predisposes to heart disease remains unclear. Increasingly appreciated, however, is the contribution of secondary risk factors, additional mutations, and lifestyle choices in augmenting or modifying the HCM phenotype in MYBPC3Δ25bp carriers. Therefore, the goal of this review article is to summarize the current research dedicated to understanding the molecular pathophysiology of HCM in South Asians with the MYBPC3Δ25bp variant. An emphasis is to review the latest techniques currently applied to explore the MYBPC3Δ25bp pathogenesis and to provide a foundation for developing new diagnostic strategies and advances in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Arif
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA.
| | - Pooneh Nabavizadeh
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA
| | - Taejeong Song
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA
| | - Darshini Desai
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA
| | - Rohit Singh
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA
| | - Sholeh Bazrafshan
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Richard J Gilbert
- Research Service, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, 02908, USA
| | - Perundurai S Dhandapany
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Richard C Becker
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0575, USA
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22
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Oeing CU, Mishra S, Dunkerly-Eyring BL, Ranek MJ. Targeting Protein Kinase G to Treat Cardiac Proteotoxicity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:858. [PMID: 32848832 PMCID: PMC7399205 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired or insufficient protein kinase G (PKG) signaling and protein quality control (PQC) are hallmarks of most forms of cardiac disease, including heart failure. Their dysregulation has been shown to contribute to and exacerbate cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, reduced cell survival and disease pathogenesis. Enhancement of PKG signaling and PQC are associated with improved cardiac function and survival in many pre-clinical models of heart disease. While many clinically used pharmacological approaches exist to stimulate PKG, there are no FDA-approved therapies to safely enhance cardiomyocyte PQC. The latter is predominantly due to our lack of knowledge and identification of proteins regulating cardiomyocyte PQC. Recently, multiple studies have demonstrated that PKG regulates PQC in the heart, both during physiological and pathological states. These studies tested already FDA-approved pharmacological therapies to activate PKG, which enhanced cardiomyocyte PQC and alleviated cardiac disease. This review examines the roles of PKG and PQC during disease pathogenesis and summarizes the experimental and clinical data supporting the utility of stimulating PKG to target cardiac proteotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian U Oeing
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Cardiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sumita Mishra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brittany L Dunkerly-Eyring
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mark J Ranek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
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23
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Chen Y, Xu F, Munkhsaikhan U, Boyle C, Borcky T, Zhao W, Purevjav E, Towbin JA, Liao F, Williams RW, Bhattacharya SK, Lu L, Sun Y. Identifying modifier genes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 144:119-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Islam M, Diwan A, Mani K. Come Together: Protein Assemblies, Aggregates and the Sarcostat at the Heart of Cardiac Myocyte Homeostasis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:586. [PMID: 32581848 PMCID: PMC7287178 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis in vertebrate systems is contingent on normal cardiac function. This, in turn, depends on intricate protein-based cellular machinery, both for contractile function, as well as, durability of cardiac myocytes. The cardiac small heat shock protein (csHsp) chaperone system, highlighted by αB-crystallin (CRYAB), a small heat shock protein (sHsp) that forms ∼3–5% of total cardiac mass, plays critical roles in maintaining proteostatic function via formation of self-assembled multimeric chaperones. In this work, we review these ancient proteins, from the evolutionarily preserved role of homologs in protists, fungi and invertebrate systems, as well as, the role of sHsps and chaperones in maintaining cardiac myocyte structure and function. We propose the concept of the “sarcostat” as a protein quality control mechanism in the sarcomere. The roles of the proteasomal and lysosomal proteostatic network, as well as, the roles of the aggresome, self-assembling protein complexes and protein aggregation are discussed in the context of cardiac myocyte homeostasis. Finally, we will review the potential for targeting the csHsp system as a novel therapeutic approach to prevent and treat cardiomyopathy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moydul Islam
- Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kartik Mani
- Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, United States
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25
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Becker RC, Phillip Owens A, Sadayappan S. The potential roles of Von Willebrand factor and neutrophil extracellular traps in the natural history of hypertrophic and hypertensive cardiomyopathy. Thromb Res 2020; 192:78-87. [PMID: 32460175 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is often applied broadly to human disease. Despite its general familiarity, inflammation is highly complex. There are numerous injurious, immune and infectious determinants, functional elements and signaling pathways, ranging from genetic to epigenetic, environmental, racial, molecular and cellular that participate in disease onset and progression, phenotypic heterogeneity, and treatment selection and response. In addition, inflammation can be tissue and organ specific, adding a layer of complexity to achieving a detailed and translatable understanding of its role in health and disease. The following review takes a close look at inflammation in the context of two common heart diseases, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Becker
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, United States of America.
| | - A Phillip Owens
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, United States of America
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26
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Pan B, Li J, Parajuli N, Tian Z, Wu P, Lewno MT, Zou J, Wang W, Bedford L, Mayer RJ, Fang J, Liu J, Cui T, Su H, Wang X. The Calcineurin-TFEB-p62 Pathway Mediates the Activation of Cardiac Macroautophagy by Proteasomal Malfunction. Circ Res 2020; 127:502-518. [PMID: 32366200 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagic-lysosomal pathway are pivotal to proteostasis. Targeting these pathways is emerging as an attractive strategy for treating cancer. However, a significant proportion of patients who receive a proteasome inhibitor-containing regime show cardiotoxicity. Moreover, UPS and autophagic-lysosomal pathway defects are implicated in cardiac pathogenesis. Hence, a better understanding of the cross-talk between the 2 catabolic pathways will help advance cardiac pathophysiology and medicine. OBJECTIVE Systemic proteasome inhibition (PSMI) was shown to increase p62/SQSTM1 expression and induce myocardial macroautophagy. Here we investigate how proteasome malfunction activates cardiac autophagic-lysosomal pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial macroautophagy, TFEB (transcription factor EB) expression and activity, and p62 expression were markedly increased in mice with either cardiomyocyte-restricted ablation of Psmc1 (an essential proteasome subunit gene) or pharmacological PSMI. In cultured cardiomyocytes, PSMI-induced increases in TFEB activation and p62 expression were blunted by pharmacological and genetic calcineurin inhibition and by siRNA-mediated Molcn1 silencing. PSMI induced remarkable increases in myocardial autophagic flux in wild type mice but not p62 null (p62-KO) mice. Bortezomib-induced left ventricular wall thickening and diastolic malfunction was exacerbated by p62 deficiency. In cultured cardiomyocytes from wild type mice but not p62-KO mice, PSMI induced increases in LC3-II flux and the lysosomal removal of ubiquitinated proteins. Myocardial TFEB activation by PSMI as reflected by TFEB nuclear localization and target gene expression was strikingly less in p62-KO mice compared with wild type mice. CONCLUSIONS (1) The activation of cardiac macroautophagy by proteasomal malfunction is mediated by the Mocln1-calcineurin-TFEB-p62 pathway; (2) p62 unexpectedly exerts a feed-forward effect on TFEB activation by proteasome malfunction; and (3) targeting the Mcoln1 (mucolipin1)-calcineurin-TFEB-p62 pathway may provide new means to intervene cardiac autophagic-lysosomal pathway activation during proteasome malfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pan
- From the Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion (B.P., J. Li, N.P., Z.T., P.W., M.T.L., H.S., X.W.)
| | - Jie Li
- From the Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion (B.P., J. Li, N.P., Z.T., P.W., M.T.L., H.S., X.W.).,Vascular Biology Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (J. Li, J.Z., W.W., H.S.)
| | - Nirmal Parajuli
- From the Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion (B.P., J. Li, N.P., Z.T., P.W., M.T.L., H.S., X.W.)
| | - Zongwen Tian
- From the Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion (B.P., J. Li, N.P., Z.T., P.W., M.T.L., H.S., X.W.).,Department of Anatomy, Wuhan University College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei, China (Z.T.)
| | - Penglong Wu
- From the Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion (B.P., J. Li, N.P., Z.T., P.W., M.T.L., H.S., X.W.).,Guangzhou Institute of Oncology, Tumor Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China (P.W., W.W., J. Liu)
| | - Megan T Lewno
- From the Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion (B.P., J. Li, N.P., Z.T., P.W., M.T.L., H.S., X.W.)
| | - Jianqiu Zou
- Vascular Biology Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (J. Li, J.Z., W.W., H.S.)
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Vascular Biology Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (J. Li, J.Z., W.W., H.S.).,Guangzhou Institute of Oncology, Tumor Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China (P.W., W.W., J. Liu)
| | - Lynn Bedford
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (L.B.)
| | - R John Mayer
- The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, United Kingdom (R.J.M.)
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences (J.F.), University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Oncology, Tumor Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China (P.W., W.W., J. Liu)
| | - Taixing Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (T.C.), University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia
| | - Huabo Su
- From the Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion (B.P., J. Li, N.P., Z.T., P.W., M.T.L., H.S., X.W.).,Vascular Biology Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University (J. Li, J.Z., W.W., H.S.)
| | - Xuejun Wang
- From the Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion (B.P., J. Li, N.P., Z.T., P.W., M.T.L., H.S., X.W.)
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27
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Da'as SI, Yalcin HC, Nasrallah GK, Mohamed IA, Nomikos M, Yacoub MH, Fakhro KA. Functional characterization of human myosin-binding protein C3 variants associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy reveals exon-specific cardiac phenotypes in zebrafish model. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7870-7888. [PMID: 31943169 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Myosin-binding protein C 3 (MYBPC3) variants are the most common cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). HCM is a complex cardiac disorder due to its significant genetic and clinical heterogeneity. MYBPC3 variants genotype-phenotype associations remain poorly understood. We investigated the impact of two novel human MYBPC3 splice-site variants: V1: c.654+2_654+4dupTGG targeting exon 5 using morpholino MOe5i5; and V2: c.772+1G>A targeting exon 6 using MOe6i6; located within C1 domain of cMyBP-C protein, known to be critical in regulating sarcomere structure and contractility. Zebrafish MOe5i5 and MOe6i6 morphants recapitulated typical characteristics of human HCM with cardiac phenotypes of varying severity, including reduced cardiomyocyte count, thickened ventricular myocardial wall, a drastic reduction in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output. Analysis of all cardiac morphological and functional parameters demonstrated that V2 cardiac phenotype was more severe than V1. Coinjection with synthetic human MYBPC3 messenger RNA (mRNA) partially rescued disparate cardiac phenotypes in each zebrafish morphant. While human MYBPC3 mRNA partially restored the decreased heart rate in V1 morphants and displayed increased percentages of ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and area change, it failed to revert the V1 ventricular myocardial thickness. These results suggest a possible V1 impact on cardiac contractility. In contrast, attempts to rescue V2 morphants only restored the ventricular myocardial wall hypertrophy phenotype but had no significant effect on impaired heart rate, suggesting a potential V2 impact on the cardiac structure. Our study provides evidence of an association between MYBPC3 exon-specific cardiac phenotypes in the zebrafish model providing important insights into how these genetic variants contribute to HCM disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar I Da'as
- Department of Human Genetics, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.,Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Iman A Mohamed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Egypt
| | - Michail Nomikos
- College of Medicine, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, National Heart & Lung Institute, UK
| | - Khalid A Fakhro
- Department of Human Genetics, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.,Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
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28
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Zech ATL, Singh SR, Schlossarek S, Carrier L. Autophagy in cardiomyopathies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1867:118432. [PMID: 30831130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy (greek auto: self; phagein: eating) is a highly conserved process within eukaryotes that degrades long-lived proteins and organelles within lysosomes. Its accurate and constant operation in basal conditions ensures cellular homeostasis by degrading damaged cellular components and thereby acting not only as a quality control but as well as an energy supplier. An increasing body of evidence indicates a major role of autophagy in the regulation of cardiac homeostasis and function. In this review, we describe the different forms of mammalian autophagy, their regulations and monitoring with a specific emphasis on the heart. Furthermore, we address the role of autophagy in several forms of cardiomyopathy and the options for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia T L Zech
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonia R Singh
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Saskia Schlossarek
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
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29
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy-linked variants of cardiac myosin-binding protein C3 display altered molecular properties and actin interaction. Biochem J 2018; 475:3933-3948. [PMID: 30446606 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The most common inherited cardiac disorder, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), is characterized by thickening of heart muscle, for which genetic mutations in cardiac myosin-binding protein C3 (c-MYBPC3) gene, is the leading cause. Notably, patients with HCM display a heterogeneous clinical presentation, onset and prognosis. Thus, delineating the molecular mechanisms that explain how disparate c-MYBPC3 variants lead to HCM is essential for correlating the impact of specific genotypes on clinical severity. Herein, five c-MYBPC3 missense variants clinically associated with HCM were investigated; namely V1 (R177H), V2 (A216T), V3 (E258K), V4 (E441K) and double mutation V5 (V3 + V4), all located within the C1 and C2 domains of MyBP-C, a region known to interact with sarcomeric protein, actin. Injection of the variant complementary RNAs in zebrafish embryos was observed to recapitulate phenotypic aspects of HCM in patients. Interestingly, V3- and V5-cRNA injection produced the most severe zebrafish cardiac phenotype, exhibiting increased diastolic/systolic myocardial thickness and significantly reduced heart rate compared with control zebrafish. Molecular analysis of recombinant C0-C2 protein fragments revealed that c-MYBPC3 variants alter the C0-C2 domain secondary structure, thermodynamic stability and importantly, result in a reduced binding affinity to cardiac actin. V5 (double mutant), displayed the greatest protein instability with concomitant loss of actin-binding function. Our study provides specific mechanistic insight into how c-MYBPC3 pathogenic variants alter both functional and structural characteristics of C0-C2 domains leading to impaired actin interaction and reduced contractility, which may provide a basis for elucidating the disease mechanism in HCM patients with c- MYBPC3 mutations.
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30
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Allelic imbalance and haploinsufficiency in MYBPC3-linked hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:781-793. [PMID: 30456444 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in cardiac myosin binding protein C (MYBPC3) represent the most frequent cause of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), making up approximately 50% of identified HCM mutations. MYBPC3 is distinct among other sarcomere genes associated with HCM in that truncating mutations make up the vast majority, whereas nontruncating mutations predominant in other sarcomere genes. Several studies using myocardial tissue from HCM patients have found reduced abundance of wild-type MYBPC3 compared to control hearts, suggesting haploinsufficiency of full-length MYBPC3. Further, decreased mutant versus wild-type mRNA and lack of truncated mutant MYBPC3 protein has been demonstrated, highlighting the presence of allelic imbalance. In this review, we will begin by introducing allelic imbalance and haploinsufficiency, highlighting the broad role each plays within the spectrum of human disease. We will subsequently focus on the roles allelic imbalance and haploinsufficiency play within MYBPC3-linked HCM. Finally, we will explore the implications of these findings on future directions of HCM research. An improved understanding of allelic imbalance and haploinsufficiency may help us better understand genotype-phenotype relationships in HCM and develop novel targeted therapies, providing exciting future research opportunities.
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31
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Braumann S, Thottakara T, Stücker S, Reischmann-Düsener S, Krämer E, Groß J, Hirt MN, Doroudgar S, Carrier L, Friedrich FW. S100A4 as a Target of the E3-Ligase Asb2β and Its Effect on Engineered Heart Tissue. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1292. [PMID: 30283351 PMCID: PMC6157440 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: S100A4 has recently emerged as an important player in cardiac disease, affecting phenotype development in animal models of myocardial infarction and pathological cardiac hypertrophy, albeit it is unclear whether S100A4 exerts a detrimental or beneficial function. The goal of the current study was to analyze S100A4 expression in models of cardiac pathology, investigate its degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and furthermore examine the functional effects of S100A4 levels in a 3D model of engineered heart tissue (EHT). Methods and Results: S100A4 mRNA and protein levels were analyzed in different models of cardiac pathology via quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot, showing a higher S100A4 steady-state protein concentration in hearts of Mybpc3-knock-in (KI) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) mice. COS-7 cells co-transfected with plasmids encoding mutant (MUT) Asb2β lacking the E3 ligase activity in combination with V5-tagged S100A4 plasmid presented higher S100A4-V5 protein steady-state concentrations than cells co-transfected with the Asb2β wild type (WT) plasmid. This effect was blunted by treatment with the specific proteasome inhibitor epoxomicin. Adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (AAV6)-mediated S100A4 overexpression in a 3D model of EHT did not affect contractile parameters. Immunofluorescence analysis showed a cytosolic and partly nuclear expression pattern of S100A4. Gene expression analysis in EHTs overexpressing S100A4-V5 showed markedly lower steady-state concentrations of genes involved in cardiac fibrosis and pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusion: We showed that S100A4 protein level is higher in cardiac tissue of Mybpc3-KI HCM mice probably as a result of a lower degradation by the E3 ligase Asb2β. While an overexpression of S100A4 did not alter contractile parameters in EHTs, downstream gene expression analysis points toward modulation of signaling cascades involved in fibrosis and hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Braumann
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tilo Thottakara
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Stücker
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke Reischmann-Düsener
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Krämer
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Groß
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, German
| | - Marc N Hirt
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shirin Doroudgar
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, German
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix W Friedrich
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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32
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Gupta I, Varshney NK, Khan S. Emergence of Members of TRAF and DUB of Ubiquitin Proteasome System in the Regulation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Front Genet 2018; 9:336. [PMID: 30186311 PMCID: PMC6110912 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays an imperative role in many critical cellular processes, frequently by mediating the selective degradation of misfolded and damaged proteins and also by playing a non-degradative role especially important as in many signaling pathways. Over the last three decades, accumulated evidence indicated that UPS proteins are primal modulators of cell cycle progression, DNA replication, and repair, transcription, immune responses, and apoptosis. Comparatively, latest studies have demonstrated a substantial complexity by the UPS regulation in the heart. In addition, various UPS proteins especially ubiquitin ligases and proteasome have been identified to play a significant role in the cardiac development and dynamic physiology of cardiac pathologies such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypertrophy, and heart failure. However, our understanding of the contribution of UPS dysfunction in the plausible development of cardiac pathophysiology and the complete list of UPS proteins regulating these afflictions is still in infancy. The recent emergence of the roles of TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAFs) and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) superfamily in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has enhanced our knowledge. In this review, we have mainly compiled the TRAF superfamily of E3 ligases and few DUBs proteins with other well-documented E3 ligases such as MDM2, MuRF-1, Atrogin-I, and TRIM 32 that are specific to myocardial hypertrophy. In this review, we also aim to highlight their expression profile following physiological and pathological stimulation leading to the onset of hypertrophic phenotype in the heart that can serve as biomarkers and the opportunity for the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- Structural Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Nishant K Varshney
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sameena Khan
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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33
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Dorsch LM, Schuldt M, Knežević D, Wiersma M, Kuster DWD, van der Velden J, Brundel BJJM. Untying the knot: protein quality control in inherited cardiomyopathies. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:795-806. [PMID: 30109411 PMCID: PMC6475634 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins are the most important causes of inherited cardiomyopathies, which are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although genetic screening procedures for early disease detection have been improved significantly, treatment to prevent or delay mutation-induced cardiac disease onset is lacking. Recent findings indicate that loss of protein quality control (PQC) is a central factor in the disease pathology leading to derailment of cellular protein homeostasis. Loss of PQC includes impairment of heat shock proteins, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy. This may result in accumulation of misfolded and aggregation-prone mutant proteins, loss of sarcomeric and cytoskeletal proteins, and, ultimately, loss of cardiac function. PQC derailment can be a direct effect of the mutation-induced activation, a compensatory mechanism due to mutation-induced cellular dysfunction or a consequence of the simultaneous occurrence of the mutation and a secondary hit. In this review, we discuss recent mechanistic findings on the role of proteostasis derailment in inherited cardiomyopathies, with special focus on sarcomeric gene mutations and possible therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M Dorsch
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, O2 building 11W53, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maike Schuldt
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, O2 building 11W53, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dora Knežević
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, O2 building 11W53, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marit Wiersma
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, O2 building 11W53, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik W D Kuster
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, O2 building 11W53, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, O2 building 11W53, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Physiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, O2 building 11W53, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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34
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Glazier AA, Hafeez N, Mellacheruvu D, Basrur V, Nesvizhskii AI, Lee LM, Shao H, Tang V, Yob JM, Gestwicki JE, Helms AS, Day SM. HSC70 is a chaperone for wild-type and mutant cardiac myosin binding protein C. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99319. [PMID: 29875314 PMCID: PMC6124431 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac myosin binding protein C (MYBPC3) is the most commonly mutated gene associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Haploinsufficiency of full-length MYBPC3 and disruption of proteostasis have both been proposed as central to HCM disease pathogenesis. Discriminating the relative contributions of these 2 mechanisms requires fundamental knowledge of how turnover of WT and mutant MYBPC3 proteins is regulated. We expressed several disease-causing mutations in MYBPC3 in primary neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. In contrast to WT MYBPC3, mutant proteins showed reduced expression and failed to localize to the sarcomere. In an unbiased coimmunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry screen, we identified HSP70-family chaperones as interactors of both WT and mutant MYBPC3. Heat shock cognate 70 kDa (HSC70) was the most abundant chaperone interactor. Knockdown of HSC70 significantly slowed degradation of both WT and mutant MYBPC3, while pharmacologic activation of HSC70 and HSP70 accelerated degradation. HSC70 was expressed in discrete striations in the sarcomere. Expression of mutant MYBPC3 did not affect HSC70 localization, nor did it induce a protein folding stress response or ubiquitin proteasome dysfunction. Together these data suggest that WT and mutant MYBPC3 proteins are clients for HSC70, and that the HSC70 chaperone system plays a major role in regulating MYBPC3 protein turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lap Man Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hao Shao
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Vi Tang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology
| | | | - Jason E. Gestwicki
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Sharlene M. Day
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology
- Department of Internal Medicine
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Singh SR, Zech ATL, Geertz B, Reischmann-Düsener S, Osinska H, Prondzynski M, Krämer E, Meng Q, Redwood C, van der Velden J, Robbins J, Schlossarek S, Carrier L. Activation of Autophagy Ameliorates Cardiomyopathy in Mybpc3-Targeted Knockin Mice. Circ Heart Fail 2017; 10:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.117.004140. [PMID: 29021349 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.117.004140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in autophagy have been reported in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) caused by Danon disease, Vici syndrome, or LEOPARD syndrome, but not in HCM caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins, which account for most of HCM cases. MYBPC3, encoding cMyBP-C (cardiac myosin-binding protein C), is the most frequently mutated HCM gene. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated autophagy in patients with HCM carrying MYBPC3 mutations and in a Mybpc3-targeted knockin HCM mouse model, as well as the effect of autophagy modulators on the development of cardiomyopathy in knockin mice. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II protein levels were higher in HCM septal myectomies than in nonfailing control hearts and in 60-week-old knockin than in wild-type mouse hearts. In contrast to wild-type, autophagic flux was blunted and associated with accumulation of residual bodies and glycogen in hearts of 60-week-old knockin mice. We found that Akt-mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) signaling was increased, and treatment with 2.24 mg/kg·d rapamycin or 40% caloric restriction for 9 weeks partially rescued cardiomyopathy or heart failure and restored autophagic flux in knockin mice. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, we found that (1) autophagy is altered in patients with HCM carrying MYBPC3 mutations, (2) autophagy is impaired in Mybpc3-targeted knockin mice, and (3) activation of autophagy ameliorated the cardiac disease phenotype in this mouse model. We propose that activation of autophagy might be an attractive option alone or in combination with another therapy to rescue HCM caused by MYBPC3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia R Singh
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Antonia T L Zech
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Birgit Geertz
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Silke Reischmann-Düsener
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Hanna Osinska
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Maksymilian Prondzynski
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Elisabeth Krämer
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Qinghang Meng
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Charles Redwood
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Jeffrey Robbins
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Saskia Schlossarek
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.)
| | - Lucie Carrier
- From the Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (S.R.S., A.T.L.Z., B.G., S.R.-D., M.P., E.K., S.S., L.C.); Department of Pediatrics, The Heart Institute, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH (S.R.S., H.O., Q.M., J.R.); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.R.); Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.v.d.V.); and ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht (J.v.d.V.).
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Stücker S, Kresin N, Carrier L, Friedrich FW. Nebivolol Desensitizes Myofilaments of a Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mouse Model. Front Physiol 2017; 8:558. [PMID: 28824454 PMCID: PMC5539082 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients often present with diastolic dysfunction and a normal to supranormal systolic function. To counteract this hypercontractility, guideline therapies advocate treatment with beta-adrenoceptor and Ca2+ channel blockers. One well established pathomechanism for the hypercontractile phenotype frequently observed in HCM patients and several HCM mouse models is an increased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. Nebivolol, a commonly used beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, has been reported to lower maximal force development and myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity in rabbit and human heart tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nebivolol in cardiac muscle strips of an established HCM Mybpc3 mouse model. Furthermore, we investigated actions of nebivolol and epigallocatechin-gallate, which has been shown to desensitize myofilaments for Ca2+ in mouse and human HCM models, in cardiac strips of HCM patients with a mutation in the most frequently mutated HCM gene MYBPC3. Methods and Results: Nebivolol effects were tested on contractile parameters and force-Ca2+ relationship of skinned ventricular muscle strips isolated from Mybpc3-targeted knock-in (KI), wild-type (WT) mice and cardiac strips of three HCM patients with MYBPC3 mutations. At baseline, KI strips showed no difference in maximal force development compared to WT mouse heart strips. Neither 1 nor 10 μM nebivolol had an effect on maximal force development in both genotypes. 10 μM nebivolol induced myofilament Ca2+ desensitization in WT strips and to a greater extent in KI strips. Neither 1 nor 10 μM nebivolol had an effect on Ca2+ sensitivity in cardiac muscle strips of three HCM patients with MYBPC3 mutations, whereas epigallocatechin-gallate induced a right shift in the force-Ca2+ curve. Conclusion: Nebivolol induced a myofilament Ca2+ desensitization in both WT and KI strips, which was more pronounced in KI muscle strips. In human cardiac muscle strips of three HCM patients nebivolol had no effect on myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Stücker
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nico Kresin
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix W Friedrich
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
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Wang X, Cui T. Autophagy modulation: a potential therapeutic approach in cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H304-H319. [PMID: 28576834 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00145.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process used by the cell to degrade cytoplasmic contents for quality control, survival for temporal energy crisis, and catabolism and recycling. Rapidly increasing evidence has revealed an important pathogenic role of altered activity of the autophagosome-lysosome pathway (ALP) in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Although an early study suggested that cardiac autophagy is increased and that this increase is maladaptive to the heart subject to pressure overload, more recent reports have overwhelmingly supported that myocardial ALP insufficiency results from chronic pressure overload and contributes to maladaptive cardiac remodeling and heart failure. This review examines multiple lines of preclinical evidence derived from recent studies regarding the role of autophagic dysfunction in pressure-overloaded hearts, attempts to reconcile the discrepancies, and proposes that resuming or improving ALP flux through coordinated enhancement of both the formation and the removal of autophagosomes would benefit the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure resulting from chronic pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota; and
| | - Taixing Cui
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
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38
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Gilda JE, Gomes AV. Proteasome dysfunction in cardiomyopathies. J Physiol 2017; 595:4051-4071. [PMID: 28181243 DOI: 10.1113/jp273607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a critical role in removing unwanted intracellular proteins and is involved in protein quality control, signalling and cell death. Because the heart is subject to continuous metabolic and mechanical stress, the proteasome plays a particularly important role in the heart, and proteasome dysfunction has been suggested as a causative factor in cardiac dysfunction. Proteasome impairment has been detected in cardiomyopathies, heart failure, myocardial ischaemia, and hypertrophy. Proteasome inhibition is also sufficient to cause cardiac dysfunction in healthy pigs, and patients using a proteasome inhibitor for cancer therapy have a higher incidence of heart failure. In this Topical Review we discuss the experimental data which suggest UPS dysfunction is a common feature of cardiomyopathies, with an emphasis on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by sarcomeric mutations. We also propose potential mechanisms by which cardiomyopathy-causing mutations may lead to proteasome impairment, such as altered calcium handling and increased oxidative stress due to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Gilda
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behaviour, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behaviour, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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39
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Esslinger U, Garnier S, Korniat A, Proust C, Kararigas G, Müller-Nurasyid M, Empana JP, Morley MP, Perret C, Stark K, Bick AG, Prasad SK, Kriebel J, Li J, Tiret L, Strauch K, O'Regan DP, Marguiles KB, Seidman JG, Boutouyrie P, Lacolley P, Jouven X, Hengstenberg C, Komajda M, Hakonarson H, Isnard R, Arbustini E, Grallert H, Cook SA, Seidman CE, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Cappola TP, Charron P, Cambien F, Villard E. Exome-wide association study reveals novel susceptibility genes to sporadic dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172995. [PMID: 28296976 PMCID: PMC5351854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important cause of heart failure with a strong familial component. We performed an exome-wide array-based association study (EWAS) to assess the contribution of missense variants to sporadic DCM. Methods and results 116,855 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were analyzed in 2796 DCM patients and 6877 control subjects from 6 populations of European ancestry. We confirmed two previously identified associations with SNVs in BAG3 and ZBTB17 and discovered six novel DCM-associated loci (Q-value<0.01). The lead-SNVs at novel loci are common and located in TTN, SLC39A8, MLIP, FLNC, ALPK3 and FHOD3. In silico fine mapping identified HSPB7 as the most likely candidate at the ZBTB17 locus. Rare variant analysis (MAF<0.01) demonstrated significant association for TTN variants only (P = 0.0085). All candidate genes but one (SLC39A8) exhibit preferential expression in striated muscle tissues and mutations in TTN, BAG3, FLNC and FHOD3 are known to cause familial cardiomyopathy. We also investigated a panel of 48 known cardiomyopathy genes. Collectively, rare (n = 228, P = 0.0033) or common (n = 36, P = 0.019) variants with elevated in silico severity scores were associated with DCM, indicating that the spectrum of genes contributing to sporadic DCM extends beyond those identified here. Conclusion We identified eight loci independently associated with sporadic DCM. The functions of the best candidate genes at these loci suggest that proteostasis regulation might play a role in DCM pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Esslinger
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Garnier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Agathe Korniat
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Carole Proust
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Institute of Gender in Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charite University Hospital, and DZHK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Empana
- INSERM, UMR-S970, Department of Epidemiology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Michael P. Morley
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Claire Perret
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Klaus Stark
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander G. Bick
- Department of Medecine and Genetics Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Jennifer Kriebel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jin Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Laurence Tiret
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Declan P. O'Regan
- Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth B. Marguiles
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Jonathan G. Seidman
- Department of Medecine and Genetics Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, United States of America
| | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- INSERM, UMR-S970, Department of Epidemiology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Pharmacology Department, Paris, France
| | | | - Xavier Jouven
- INSERM, UMR-S970, Department of Epidemiology, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Cardiology Department, Paris, France
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partnersite Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michel Komajda
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Cardiology Department, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, Paris, France
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Richard Isnard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Cardiology Department, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, Paris, France
| | | | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stuart A. Cook
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Duke-NUS, Singapore
| | - Christine E. Seidman
- Department of Medecine and Genetics Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, United States of America
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Institute of Gender in Medicine and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charite University Hospital, and DZHK, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas P. Cappola
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Philippe Charron
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Cardiology Department, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Centre de Référence des Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires, Paris, France
- Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin, AP-HP, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - François Cambien
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (EV); (FC)
| | - Eric Villard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMR-S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Cardiology Department, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (EV); (FC)
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Mohamed IA, Krishnamoorthy NT, Nasrallah GK, Da'as SI. The Role of Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C3 in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-Progress and Novel Therapeutic Opportunities. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1650-1659. [PMID: 27731493 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common autosomal dominant genetic cardiovascular disorder marked by genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Mutations in the gene encodes the cardiac myosin-binding protein C, cMYBPC3 is amongst the various sarcomeric genes that are associated with HCM. These mutations produce mutated mRNAs and truncated cMyBP-C proteins. In this review, we will discuss the implications and molecular mechanisms involved in MYBPC3 different mutations. Further, we will highlight the novel targets that can be developed into potential therapeutics for the treatment of HMC. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1650-1659, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman A Mohamed
- Department of Biomedical Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Navaneethakrishnan T Krishnamoorthy
- Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar.,Heart Science Centre, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sahar I Da'as
- Division of Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Flenner F, Geertz B, Reischmann-Düsener S, Weinberger F, Eschenhagen T, Carrier L, Friedrich FW. Diltiazem prevents stress-induced contractile deficits in cardiomyocytes, but does not reverse the cardiomyopathy phenotype in Mybpc3-knock-in mice. J Physiol 2017; 595:3987-3999. [PMID: 28090637 DOI: 10.1113/jp273769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac illness and can lead to diastolic dysfunction, sudden cardiac death and heart failure. Treatment of HCM patients is empirical and current pharmacological treatments are unable to stop disease progression or reverse hypertrophy. In this study, we tested if the non-dihydropyridine Ca2+ channel blocker diltiazem, which previously showed potential to stop disease progression, can improve the phenotype of a HCM mouse model (Mybpc3-targeted knock-in), which is based on a mutation commonly found in patients. Diltiazem improved contractile function of isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes acutely, but chronic application did not improve the phenotype of adult mice with a fully developed HCM. Our study shows that diltiazem has beneficial effects in HCM, but long-term treatment success is likely to depend on characteristics and cause of HCM and onset of treatment. ABSTRACT Left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and fibrosis are the main features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Guidelines recommend β-adrenoceptor or Ca2+ channel antagonists as pharmacological treatment. The Ca2+ channel blocker diltiazem recently showed promising beneficial effects in pre-clinical HCM, particularly in patients carrying MYBPC3 mutations. In the present study we evaluated whether diltiazem could ameliorate or reverse the disease phenotype in cells and in vivo in an Mybpc3-targeted knock-in (KI) mouse model of HCM. Sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transients were measured in KI and wild-type (WT) cardiomyocytes in basal conditions (1-Hz pacing) and under stress conditions (30 nm isoprenaline, 5-Hz pacing) with or without pre-treatment with 1 μm diltiazem. KI cardiomyocytes exhibited lower diastolic sarcomere length (dSL) at baseline, a tendency to a stronger positive inotropic response to isoprenaline than WT, a marked reduction of dSL and a tendency towards arrhythmias under stress conditions. Pre-treatment of cardiomyocytes with 1 μm diltiazem reduced the drop in dSL and arrhythmia frequency in KI, and attenuated the positive inotropic effect of isoprenaline. Furthermore, diltiazem reduced the contraction amplitude at 5 Hz but did not affect diastolic Ca2+ load and Ca2+ transient amplitude. Six months of diltiazem treatment of KI mice did not reverse cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction, activation of the fetal gene program or fibrosis. In conclusion, diltiazem blunted the response to isoprenaline in WT and KI cardiomyocytes and improved diastolic relaxation under stress conditions in KI cardiomyocytes. This beneficial effect of diltiazem in cells did not translate in therapeutic efficacy when applied chronically in KI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Flenner
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Birgit Geertz
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Silke Reischmann-Düsener
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Florian Weinberger
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Felix W Friedrich
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
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Friedrich FW, Flenner F, Nasib M, Eschenhagen T, Carrier L. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Accelerates Relaxation and Ca 2+ Transient Decay and Desensitizes Myofilaments in Healthy and Mybpc3-Targeted Knock-in Cardiomyopathic Mice. Front Physiol 2016; 7:607. [PMID: 27994558 PMCID: PMC5136558 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac muscle disease with left ventricular hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction. Increased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity could be the underlying cause of diastolic dysfunction. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCg), a catechin found in green tea, has been reported to decrease myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity in HCM models with troponin mutations. However, whether this is also the case for HCM-associated thick filament mutations is not known. Therefore, we evaluated whether EGCg affects the behavior of cardiomyocytes and myofilaments of an HCM mouse model carrying a gene mutation in cardiac myosin-binding protein C and exhibiting both increased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity and diastolic dysfunction. Methods and Results: Acute effects of EGCg were tested on fractional sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transients in intact ventricular myocytes and on force-Ca2+ relationship of skinned ventricular muscle strips isolated from Mybpc3-targeted knock-in (KI) and wild-type (WT) mice. Fractional sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transients were analyzed at 37°C under 1-Hz pacing in the absence or presence of EGCg (1.8 μM). At baseline and in the absence of Fura-2, KI cardiomyocytes displayed lower diastolic sarcomere length, higher fractional sarcomere shortening, longer time to peak shortening and time to 50% relengthening than WT cardiomyocytes. In WT and KI neither diastolic sarcomere length nor fractional sarcomere shortening were influenced by EGCg treatment, but relaxation time was reduced, to a greater extent in KI cells. EGCg shortened time to peak Ca2+ and Ca2+ transient decay in Fura-2-loaded WT and KI cardiomyocytes. EGCg did not influence phosphorylation of phospholamban. In skinned cardiac muscle strips, EGCg (30 μM) decreased Ca2+ sensitivity in both groups. Conclusion: EGCg hastened relaxation and Ca2+ transient decay to a larger extent in KI than in WT cardiomyocytes. This effect could be partially explained by myofilament Ca2+ desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix W Friedrich
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frederik Flenner
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mahtab Nasib
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Hamburg, Germany
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The embryological basis of subclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27714. [PMID: 27323879 PMCID: PMC4914973 DOI: 10.1038/srep27714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by mutations in sarcomeric proteins, the commonest being MYBPC3 encoding myosin-binding protein C. It is characterised by left ventricular hypertrophy but there is an important pre-hypertrophic phenotype with features including crypts, abnormal mitral leaflets and trabeculae. We investigated these during mouse cardiac development using high-resolution episcopic microscopy. In embryonic hearts from wildtype, homozygous (HO) and heterozygous (HET) Mybpc3-targeted knock-out (KO) mice we show that crypts (one or two) are a normal part of wildtype development but they almost all resolve by birth. By contrast, HO and HET embryos had increased crypt presence, abnormal mitral valve formation and alterations in the compaction process. In scarce normal human embryos, crypts were sometimes present. This study shows that features of the human pre-hypertrophic HCM phenotype occur in the mouse. In an animal model we demonstrate that there is an embryological HCM phenotype. Crypts are a normal part of cardiac development but, along with the mitral valve and trabeculae, their developmental trajectory is altered by the presence of HCM truncating Mybpc3 gene mutation.
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Gilda JE, Lai X, Witzmann FA, Gomes AV. Delineation of Molecular Pathways Involved in Cardiomyopathies Caused by Troponin T Mutations. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:1962-81. [PMID: 27022107 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.057380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is associated with mild to severe cardiac problems and is the leading cause of sudden death in young people and athletes. Although the genetic basis for FHC is well-established, the molecular mechanisms that ultimately lead to cardiac dysfunction are not well understood. To obtain important insights into the molecular mechanism(s) involved in FHC, hearts from two FHC troponin T models (Ile79Asn [I79N] and Arg278Cys [R278C]) were investigated using label-free proteomics and metabolomics. Mutations in troponin T are the third most common cause of FHC, and the I79N mutation is associated with a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Most FHC-causing mutations, including I79N, increase the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the myofilament; however, the R278C mutation does not alter Ca(2+) sensitivity and is associated with a better prognosis than most FHC mutations. Out of more than 1200 identified proteins, 53 and 76 proteins were differentially expressed in I79N and R278C hearts, respectively, when compared with wild-type hearts. Interestingly, more than 400 proteins were differentially expressed when the I79N and R278C hearts were directly compared. The three major pathways affected in I79N hearts relative to R278C and wild-type hearts were the ubiquitin-proteasome system, antioxidant systems, and energy production pathways. Further investigation of the proteasome system using Western blotting and activity assays showed that proteasome dysfunction occurs in I79N hearts. Metabolomic results corroborate the proteomic data and suggest the glycolytic, citric acid, and electron transport chain pathways are important pathways that are altered in I79N hearts relative to R278C or wild-type hearts. Our findings suggest that impaired energy production and protein degradation dysfunction are important mechanisms in FHCs associated with poor prognosis and that cardiac hypertrophy is not likely needed for a switch from fatty acid to glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xianyin Lai
- ¶Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Frank A Witzmann
- ¶Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- From the ‡Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, §Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616;
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Gehmlich K, Dodd MS, Allwood JW, Kelly M, Bellahcene M, Lad HV, Stockenhuber A, Hooper C, Ashrafian H, Redwood CS, Carrier L, Dunn WB. Changes in the cardiac metabolome caused by perhexiline treatment in a mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:564-73. [PMID: 25437646 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00594e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Energy depletion has been highlighted as an important contributor to the pathology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a common inherited cardiac disease. Pharmacological reversal of energy depletion appears an attractive approach and the use of perhexiline has been proposed as it is thought to shift myocardial metabolism from fatty acid to glucose utilisation, increasing ATP production and myocardial efficiency. We used the Mybpc3-targeted knock-in mouse model of HCM to investigate changes in the cardiac metabolome following perhexiline treatment. Echocardiography indicated that perhexiline induced partial improvement of some, but not all hypertrophic parameters after six weeks. Non-targeted metabolomics, applying ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, described a phenotypic modification of the cardiac metabolome with 272 unique metabolites showing a statistically significant change (p < 0.05). Changes in fatty acids and acyl carnitines indicate altered fatty acid transport into mitochondria, implying reduction in fatty acid beta-oxidation. Increased glucose utilisation is indirectly implied through changes in the glycolytic, glycerol, pentose phosphate, tricarboxylic acid and pantothenate pathways. Depleted reduced glutathione and increased production of NADPH suggest reduction in oxidative stress. These data delineate the metabolic changes occurring during improvement of the HCM phenotype and indicate the requirements for further targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Gehmlich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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van Dijk SJ, Bezold Kooiker K, Mazzalupo S, Yang Y, Kostyukova AS, Mustacich DJ, Hoye ER, Stern JA, Kittleson MD, Harris SP. The A31P missense mutation in cardiac myosin binding protein C alters protein structure but does not cause haploinsufficiency. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 601:133-40. [PMID: 26777460 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in MYBPC3, the gene encoding cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C), are a major cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). While most mutations encode premature stop codons, missense mutations causing single amino acid substitutions are also common. Here we investigated effects of a single proline for alanine substitution at amino acid 31 (A31P) in the C0 domain of cMyBP-C, which was identified as a natural cause of HCM in cats. Results using recombinant proteins showed that the mutation disrupted C0 structure, altered sensitivity to trypsin digestion, and reduced recognition by an antibody that preferentially recognizes N-terminal domains of cMyBP-C. Western blots detecting A31P cMyBP-C in myocardium of cats heterozygous for the mutation showed a reduced amount of A31P mutant protein relative to wild-type cMyBP-C, but the total amount of cMyBP-C was not different in myocardium from cats with or without the A31P mutation indicating altered rates of synthesis/degradation of A31P cMyBP-C. Also, the mutant A31P cMyBP-C was properly localized in cardiac sarcomeres. These results indicate that reduced protein expression (haploinsufficiency) cannot account for effects of the A31P cMyBP-C mutation and instead suggest that the A31P mutation causes HCM through a poison polypeptide mechanism that disrupts cMyBP-C or myocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine J van Dijk
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Kristina Bezold Kooiker
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Stacy Mazzalupo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yuanzhang Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alla S Kostyukova
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Debbie J Mustacich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Elaine R Hoye
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Joshua A Stern
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mark D Kittleson
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Samantha P Harris
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Zhang H, Wang X. Priming the proteasome by protein kinase G: a novel cardioprotective mechanism of sildenafil. Future Cardiol 2015; 11:177-89. [PMID: 25760877 DOI: 10.2217/fca.15.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome mediates the degradation of most cellular proteins including misfolded proteins, pivotal to intracellular protein hemostasis. Proteasome functional insufficiency is implicated in a large subset of human failing hearts. Experimental studies have established proteasome functional insufficiency as a major pathogenic factor, rationalizing proteasome enhancement as a potentially new therapeutic strategy for congestive heart failure. Protein kinase G activation known to be cardioprotective was recently found to facilitate proteasomal degradation of misfolded proteins in cardiomyocytes; sildenafil was shown to activate myocardial protein kinase G, improve cardiac protein quality control and slow down the progression of cardiac proteinopathy in mice. This identifies the first clinically used drug that is capable of benign proteasome enhancement and unveils a potentially novel cardioprotective mechanism for sildenafil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanming Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
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Javan GT, Kwon I, Finley SJ, Lee Y. Progression of thanatophagy in cadaver brain and heart tissues. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 5:152-159. [PMID: 28955818 PMCID: PMC5600316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process for maintaining cellular homeostasis during both normal and stress conditions. Metabolic reprogramming in tissues of dead bodies is inevitable due to chronic ischemia and nutrient deprivation, which are well-known features that stimulate autophagy. Currently, it is not fully elucidated whether postmortem autophagy, also known as thanatophagy, occurs in dead bodies is a function of the time of death. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that thanatophagy would increase in proportion to time elapsed since death for tissues collected from cadavers. Brain and heart tissue from corpses at different time intervals after death were analyzed by Western blot. Densitometry analysis demonstrated that thanatophagy occurred in a manner that was dependent on the time of death. The autophagy-associated proteins, LC3 II, p62, Beclin-1 and Atg7, increased in a time-dependent manner in heart tissues. A potent inducer of autophagy, BNIP3, decreased in the heart tissues as time of death increased, whereas the protein levels increased in brain tissues. However, there was no expression of BNIP3 at extended postmortem intervals in both brain and heart samples. Collectively, the present study demonstrates for the first time that thanatophagy occurs in brain and heart tissues of cadavers in a time-dependent manner. Further, our data suggest that cerebral thanatophagy may occur in a Beclin-1- independent manner. This unprecedented study provides potential insight into thanatophagy as a novel method for the estimation of the time of death in criminal investigationsAbstract: Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process for maintaining cellular homeostasis during both normal and stress conditions. Metabolic reprogramming in tissues of dead bodies is inevitable due to chronic ischemia and nutrient deprivation, which are well-known features that stimulate autophagy. Currently, it is not fully elucidated whether postmortem autophagy, also known as thanatophagy, occurs in dead bodies is a function of the time of death. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that thanatophagy would increase in proportion to time elapsed since death for tissues collected from cadavers. Brain and heart tissue from corpses at different time intervals after death were analyzed by Western blot. Densitometry analysis demonstrated that thanatophagy occurred in a manner that was dependent on the time of death. The autophagy-associated proteins, LC3 II, p62, Beclin-1 and Atg7, increased in a time-dependent manner in heart tissues. A potent inducer of autophagy, BNIP3, decreased in the heart tissues as time of death increased, whereas the protein levels increased in brain tissues. However, there was no expression of BNIP3 at extended postmortem intervals in both brain and heart samples. Collectively, the present study demonstrates for the first time that thanatophagy occurs in brain and heart tissues of cadavers in a time-dependent manner. Further, our data suggest that cerebral thanatophagy may occur in a Beclin-1- independent manner. This unprecedented study provides potential insight into thanatophagy as a novel method for the estimation of the time of death in criminal investigations Thanatophagy is a new term that means thanatos (death), auto (self), phagy (eating). Thanatophagy is the autophagic process that occurs when a person dies. Thanatophagy was increased in both heart and brain in a PMI-dependent manner. Cerebral thanatophagy occurs in a Beclin-1-independent manner. This study provides promising insights into novel tools for estimating PMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnaz T. Javan
- Forensic Science Program, Physical Sciences Department, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
- Corresponding author.
| | - Insu Kwon
- Department of Exercise Science and Community Health, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, United States
| | - Sheree J. Finley
- Forensic Science Program, Physical Sciences Department, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
| | - Youngil Lee
- Department of Exercise Science and Community Health, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL, United States
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Marston S, Montgiraud C, Munster AB, Copeland O, Choi O, dos Remedios C, Messer AE, Ehler E, Knöll R. OBSCN Mutations Associated with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Haploinsufficiency. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138568. [PMID: 26406308 PMCID: PMC4583186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies of the functional consequences of DCM-causing mutations have been limited to a few cases where patients with known mutations had heart transplants. To increase the number of potential tissue samples for direct investigation we performed whole exon sequencing of explanted heart muscle samples from 30 patients that had a diagnosis of familial dilated cardiomyopathy and screened for potentially disease-causing mutations in 58 HCM or DCM-related genes. Results We identified 5 potentially disease-causing OBSCN mutations in 4 samples; one sample had two OBSCN mutations and one mutation was judged to be not disease-related. Also identified were 6 truncating mutations in TTN, 3 mutations in MYH7, 2 in DSP and one each in TNNC1, TNNI3, MYOM1, VCL, GLA, PLB, TCAP, PKP2 and LAMA4. The mean level of obscurin mRNA was significantly greater and more variable in healthy donor samples than the DCM samples but did not correlate with OBSCN mutations. A single obscurin protein band was observed in human heart myofibrils with apparent mass 960 ± 60 kDa. The three samples with OBSCN mutations had significantly lower levels of obscurin immunoreactive material than DCM samples without OBSCN mutations (45±7, 48±3, and 72±6% of control level).Obscurin levels in DCM controls, donor heart and myectomy samples were the same. Conclusions OBSCN mutations may result in the development of a DCM phenotype via haploinsufficiency. Mutations in the obscurin gene should be considered as a significant causal factor of DCM, alone or in concert with other mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Marston
- NHLI, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | | | - Onjee Choi
- NHLI, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Elisabeth Ehler
- Randall Division, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph Knöll
- NHLI, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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50
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Cardiac myosin-binding protein C (MYBPC3) in cardiac pathophysiology. Gene 2015; 573:188-97. [PMID: 26358504 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
More than 350 individual MYPBC3 mutations have been identified in patients with inherited hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), thus representing 40–50% of all HCM mutations, making it the most frequently mutated gene in HCM. HCM is considered a disease of the sarcomere and is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, myocyte disarray and diastolic dysfunction. MYBPC3 encodes for the thick filament associated protein cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C), a signaling node in cardiac myocytes that contributes to the maintenance of sarcomeric structure and regulation of contraction and relaxation. This review aims to provide a succinct overview of how mutations in MYBPC3 are considered to affect the physiological function of cMyBP-C, thus causing the deleterious consequences observed inHCM patients. Importantly, recent advances to causally treat HCM by repairing MYBPC3 mutations by gene therapy are discussed here, providing a promising alternative to heart transplantation for patients with a fatal form of neonatal cardiomyopathy due to bi-allelic truncating MYBPC3 mutations.
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