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Wang T, Zeng J, Peng P, Yin Q. Social decision-making in major depressive disorder: A three-level meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 176:293-303. [PMID: 38905762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is frequently associated with social dysfunction and impaired decision-making, but its impact on social decisions remains unclear. Thus, we conducted a series of meta-analyses to examine the effects of MDD on key social decision phenomena, including trust, altruistic punishment, and cooperation. We searched Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase up to December 2023, using Hedges' g to compare social decision-making between MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs). Meta-analytic results showed that MDD patients exhibited a significant reduction in trust (Hedges' g = -0.347, p < 0.001), no significant difference in altruistic punishment (Hedges' g = 0.232, p = 0.149), and an increase in cooperative behaviors (Hedges' g = 0.361, p = 0.002) compared to HCs. The moderation analysis revealed that age (p = 0.039) and region (p = 0.007) significantly moderated altruistic punishment, with older MDD patients and those from Asian and European regions having larger MDD-HC contrast than others. Regarding cooperation, moderation analysis indicated that age (p = 0.028), years of education (p = 0.054), and treatment coverage (p = 0.042) were significant moderators, indicating larger MDD-HC contrast in older, less-educated and better-treated people. These findings suggest MDD has different impacts on different social decisions, highlighting the need for fine-tuned therapeutic interventions that address these differences. The data also underscores the importance of considering demographic and treatment-related variables in managing MDD, which could inform personalized treatment strategies and improve social functionality and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Sino-Britain Center for Cognition and Ageing Research, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chonqing City, China
| | - Jianmin Zeng
- China Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Peiru Peng
- Sino-Britain Center for Cognition and Ageing Research, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chonqing City, China
| | - Qiao Yin
- Sino-Britain Center for Cognition and Ageing Research, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Beibei District, Chonqing City, China
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2
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Amemori S, Graybiel AM, Amemori KI. Cingulate microstimulation induces negative decision-making via reduced top-down influence on primate fronto-cingulo-striatal network. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4201. [PMID: 38760337 PMCID: PMC11101474 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is crucial for regulation of emotion that is known to aid prevention of depression. The broader fronto-cingulo-striatal (FCS) network, including cognitive dlPFC and limbic cingulo-striatal regions, has been associated with a negative evaluation bias often seen in depression. The mechanism by which dlPFC regulates the limbic system remains largely unclear. Here we have successfully induced a negative bias in decision-making in female primates performing a conflict decision-making task, by directly microstimulating the subgenual cingulate cortex while simultaneously recording FCS local field potentials (LFPs). The artificially induced negative bias in decision-making was associated with a significant decrease in functional connectivity from cognitive to limbic FCS regions, represented by a reduction in Granger causality in beta-range LFPs from the dlPFC to the other regions. The loss of top-down directional influence from cognitive to limbic regions, we suggest, could underlie negative biases in decision-making as observed in depressive states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Amemori
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Amemori
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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3
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Du X, Yao L, Sun L, Chen X, Jiang J. Neural mechanisms of social comparison in subthreshold depression. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae222. [PMID: 38813967 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Social comparison is a common phenomenon in our daily life, through which people get to know themselves, and plays an important role in depression. In this study, event-related potential (ERP) was used to explore the temporal course of social comparison processing in the subthreshold depression group. Electrophysiological recordings were acquired from 30 subthreshold depressed individuals and 31 healthy individuals while they conducted the adapted dot estimation task. The ERP results revealed that there was a significant difference of feedback-related negativity (FRN) in the process of social comparison. Especially only in the subthreshold depression, the FRN amplitudes of worse off than some, better off than many comparisons were larger than those of upward comparisons and downward comparisons. Our results suggested that the abnormal reward sensitivity for worse off than some, better off than many comparisons might be prodromal symptoms in the subthreshold depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Du
- College of Educational Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Yao
- College of Educational Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Tsinghua High School, Chongqing, China
| | - Le Sun
- College of Educational Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- College of Educational Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Basic Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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4
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The neuroanatomy of social trust predicts depression vulnerability. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16724. [PMID: 36202831 PMCID: PMC9537537 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20443-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Trust attitude is a social personality trait linked with the estimation of others’ trustworthiness. Trusting others, however, can have substantial negative effects on mental health, such as the development of depression. Despite significant progress in understanding the neurobiology of trust, whether the neuroanatomy of trust is linked with depression vulnerability remains unknown. To investigate a link between the neuroanatomy of trust and depression vulnerability, we assessed trust and depressive symptoms and employed neuroimaging to acquire brain structure data of healthy participants. A high depressive symptom score was used as an indicator of depression vulnerability. The neuroanatomical results observed with the healthy sample were validated in a sample of clinically diagnosed depressive patients. We found significantly higher depressive symptoms among low trusters than among high trusters. Neuroanatomically, low trusters and depressive patients showed similar volume reduction in brain regions implicated in social cognition, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), dorsomedial PFC, posterior cingulate, precuneus, and angular gyrus. Furthermore, the reduced volume of the DLPFC and precuneus mediated the relationship between trust and depressive symptoms. These findings contribute to understanding social- and neural-markers of depression vulnerability and may inform the development of social interventions to prevent pathological depression.
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5
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Chao M, Koay JM, Van Meter A. Does mood affect judgment: Results from an in vivo observational study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Kou M, Zhang H, Lv Y, Luo W. The effects of depression tendency and social comparison on adolescent self-evaluation. Neuropsychologia 2022; 170:108236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Báez-Mendoza R, Vázquez Y, Mastrobattista EP, Williams ZM. Neuronal Circuits for Social Decision-Making and Their Clinical Implications. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:720294. [PMID: 34658766 PMCID: PMC8517320 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.720294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social living facilitates individual access to rewards, cognitive resources, and objects that would not be otherwise accessible. There are, however, some drawbacks to social living, particularly when competing for scarce resources. Furthermore, variability in our ability to make social decisions can be associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. The neuronal mechanisms underlying social decision-making are beginning to be understood. The momentum to study this phenomenon has been partially carried over by the study of economic decision-making. Yet, because of the similarities between these different types of decision-making, it is unclear what is a social decision. Here, we propose a definition of social decision-making as choices taken in a context where one or more conspecifics are involved in the decision or the consequences of it. Social decisions can be conceptualized as complex economic decisions since they are based on the subjective preferences between different goods. During social decisions, individuals choose based on their internal value estimate of the different alternatives. These are complex decisions given that conspecifics beliefs or actions could modify the subject's internal valuations at every choice. Here, we first review recent developments in our collective understanding of the neuronal mechanisms and circuits of social decision-making in primates. We then review literature characterizing populations with neuropsychiatric disorders showing deficits in social decision-making and the underlying neuronal circuitries associated with these deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymundo Báez-Mendoza
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yuriria Vázquez
- Laboratory of Neural Systems, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emma P. Mastrobattista
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ziv M. Williams
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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8
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Ryu V, Ha RY, Cho HS. Altered behavioral and electrophysiological responses to social fairness in manic and euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2289. [PMID: 34291610 PMCID: PMC8413766 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with bipolar disorder show mood instability, including heightened anger and impulsivity. The Ultimatum Game (UG) is a tool used to evaluate emotional and social decision-making strategies. We investigated behavioral and electrophysiological responses to subjectively fair or unfair offers in the UG in patients with bipolar I disorder. METHODS Twenty-four manic patients, 20 euthymic patients, and 30 healthy controls participated in this study. We analyzed their behaviors and collected electroencephalography data with which to analyze feedback-related negativity (FRN) as they played in the UG as responders. RESULTS Manic patients exhibited significantly higher rejection rates for unfair offers than euthymic patients and healthy controls. Healthy individuals exhibited a greater (i.e., more negative) FRN amplitude in response to unfair offers than to fair offers, whereas euthymic patients exhibited a greater FRN amplitude in response to fair offers compared with unfair offers. Manic patients exhibited no difference in FRN amplitudes between fair and unfair offers. CONCLUSIONS The current data suggest that different behavioral responses and FRN amplitude patterns can be associated with characteristic manifestations of mood instability in manic bipolar patients. In addition, electrophysiological alterations in response to unfair offers may be a trait abnormality independent of mood state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vin Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ra Yeon Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yong In Mental Hospital, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Sang Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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9
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Rozenkrantz L, D'Mello AM, Gabrieli JDE. Enhanced rationality in autism spectrum disorder. Trends Cogn Sci 2021; 25:685-696. [PMID: 34226128 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Challenges in social cognition and communication are core characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but in some domains, individuals with ASD may display typical abilities and even outperform their neurotypical counterparts. These enhanced abilities are notable in the domains of reasoning, judgment and decision-making, in which individuals with ASD often show 'enhanced rationality' by exhibiting more rational and bias-free decision-making than do neurotypical individuals. We review evidence for enhanced rationality in ASD, how it relates to theoretical frameworks of information processing in ASD, its implications for basic research about human irrationality, and what it may mean for the ASD community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Rozenkrantz
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 01239, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 01239, USA.
| | - Anila M D'Mello
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 01239, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 01239, USA
| | - John D E Gabrieli
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 01239, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 01239, USA
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10
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Caculidis-Tudor D, Bică A, Ianole-Călin R, Podina IR. The less I get, the more I punish: A moderated-mediation model of rejection sensitivity and guilt in depression. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Hu Y, Zhou M, Shao Y, Wei J, Li Z, Xu S, Maguire P, Wang D. The effects of social comparison and depressive mood on adolescent social decision-making. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:3. [PMID: 33402153 PMCID: PMC7786518 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on social comparison theory, two experiments were conducted to explore the effects of depression and social comparison on adolescents, using the ultimatum game (UG). METHODS Before the formal experiment began, a preliminary experiment tested the effectiveness of social comparison settings. This study used the UG paradigm to explore adolescents' social decision-making in the context of gain and loss through two experiments. These experiments were designed as a 2 (group: depressive mood group, normal mood group) × 2 (social comparison: upward, downward) × 3 (fairness level: fair 5:5, unfair 3:7, extremely unfair 1:9) three-factor hybrid study. RESULTS (1) The fairer the proposal was, the higher the sense of fairness participants felt, and the higher their acceptance rate. (2) The acceptance rate of the participants for downward social comparison was significantly higher than that for upward social comparison, but there was no difference in fairness perception between the two social comparisons. (3) Under the context of gain, the acceptance rate of the depressive mood group was higher than that of the normal mood group, but there was no difference in the acceptance rate between the depressive mood group and the normal mood group under the loss context. Depressive mood participants had more feelings of unfairness in the contexts of both gain and loss. (4) The effects of depressive mood, social comparison and the fairness level of distribution on social decision-making interact. CONCLUSIONS The interaction of social comparison, depressive mood and proposal type demonstrates that besides one's emotion, cognitive biases and social factors can also have an effect on social decision-making. These findings indicate that behavioral decision boosting may provide an avenue for appropriate interventions in helping to guide adolescents to make social decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Hu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunru Shao
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenying Li
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shike Xu
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, USA
| | - Phil Maguire
- Department of Computer Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dawei Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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12
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Zilkha N, Barnea‐Ygael N, Keidar L, Zangen A. Increased relapse to cocaine-seeking in a genetic model for depression. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12756. [PMID: 31062481 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The greatest difficulty in treating cocaine addiction is the enormous rates of relapse, which occur despite immense negative consequences. Relapse risks are even greater in addicts with comorbid depression, perhaps because they use drugs to alleviate depressive symptoms. Only a few preclinical studies have examined this comorbidity, mostly exploring depressive-like effects following drug exposure. We examined rats from two different depression-like models: (a) chronic-mild-stress (CMS), which respond to antidepressant medications and (b) depressed-rat-line (DRL), a genetic model of selective breeding, which is less responsive to antidepressant medications. We tested addictive behaviors in a cocaine self-administration procedure, including the "conflict model," where drug-seeking and relapse encounter adverse consequences: an electrified grid in front of the drug-delivering lever. Following behavioral testing, we explored a potential association between behavioral outcomes and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We found that DRL rats self-administer more cocaine compared with both CMS and controls, while CMS and control groups did not differ significantly. Notably, DRL but not CMS rats, displayed higher rates of relapse than controls, and expressed higher levels of BDNF in the prelimbic cortex (PLC). Potential translation of these results suggest that medication-resistant depressed patients tend to consume more drugs and are more susceptible to relapse. The increase in PLC BDNF levels is consistent with previous rat models of depression, and concomitantly, with its suggested role in promoting cocaine-seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Zilkha
- Department of NeurobiologyWeizmann institute of Science Rehovot Israel
- Department of Life Sciences and the Zlotowski Center for NeuroscienceBen‐Gurion University Be'er Sheva Israel
| | - Noam Barnea‐Ygael
- Department of Life Sciences and the Zlotowski Center for NeuroscienceBen‐Gurion University Be'er Sheva Israel
| | - Liraz Keidar
- Department of NeurobiologyWeizmann institute of Science Rehovot Israel
| | - Abraham Zangen
- Department of Life Sciences and the Zlotowski Center for NeuroscienceBen‐Gurion University Be'er Sheva Israel
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13
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Yerstein O, Carr AR, Jimenez E, Mendez MF. Neuropsychiatric Effects on Decision-Making in Early Alzheimer Disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2020; 33:68-72. [PMID: 32013736 PMCID: PMC8220792 DOI: 10.1177/0891988719888292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric symptoms can impact decision-making in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS Using a simple decision-making task, a variant of the ultimatum game (UG) modified to control feelings of unfairness, this study investigated rejection responses among responders to unfair offers. The UG was administered to 11 patients with AD, 10 comparably demented patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), and 9 healthy controls (HC). The results were further compared with differences on the caregiver Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). RESULTS Overall, patients with AD significantly rejected more total offers than did the patients with bvFTD and the HC (P < .01). On the NPI, the only domain that was significantly worse among the patients with AD compared to the other groups was dysphoria/depression. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that early AD can be distinguished based on increased rejections of offers in decision-making, possibly consequent to a heightened sense of unfairness from dysphoria/depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Yerstein
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew R. Carr
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elvira Jimenez
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mario F. Mendez
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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14
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Mukherjee D, Lee S, Kazinka R, D Satterthwaite T, Kable JW. Multiple Facets of Value-Based Decision Making in Major Depressive Disorder. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3415. [PMID: 32099062 PMCID: PMC7042239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is clinically characterized by obvious changes in decision making that cause distress and impairment. Though several studies suggest impairments in depressed individuals in single tasks, there has been no systematic investigation of decision making in depression across tasks. We compare participants diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (n = 64) to healthy controls (n = 64) using a comprehensive battery of nine value-based decision-making tasks which yield ten distinct measures. MDD participants performed worse on punishment (d = −0.54) and reward learning tasks (d = 0.38), expressed more pessimistic predictions regarding winning money in the study (d = −0.47) and were less willing to wait in a persistence task (d = −0.39). Performance on learning, expectation, and persistence tasks each loaded on unique dimensions in a factor analysis and punishment learning and future expectations each accounted for unique variance in predicting depressed status. Decision-making performance alone could predict depressed status out-of-sample with 72% accuracy. The findings are limited to MDD patients ranging between moderate to severe depression and the effects of medication could not be accounted for due to the cross sectional nature of the study design. These results confirm hints from single task studies that depression has the strongest effects on reinforcement learning and expectations about the future. Our results highlight the decision processes that are impacted in major depression, and whose further study could lead to a more detailed computational understanding of distinct facets of this heterogeneous disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahlia Mukherjee
- Penn State College of Medicine and Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Hershey, USA.
| | - Sangil Lee
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecca Kazinka
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Joseph W Kable
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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15
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Wang X, Cui S, Wu MS, Wang Y, Gao Q, Zhou Y. Victim Sensitivity and Its Neural Correlates Among Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:622. [PMID: 32848898 PMCID: PMC7432150 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunctional beliefs about the self are common in the development of depressive symptoms, but it remains unclear how depressed patients respond to unfair treatment, both dispositionally and neurally. The present research is an attempt to explore the differences in sensitivity to injustice as a victim and its neural correlates in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) versus healthy controls. METHODS First episodic, drug-naïve patients with MDD (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30) were recruited to compare their differences in victim sensitivity. A second group of patients with MDD (n = 23) and their controls (n = 28) were recruited to replicate the findings and completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. Spontaneous brain activity measured by fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) was used to characterize the neural correlates of victim sensitivity both in patients and in healthy controls. RESULTS Higher victim sensitivity was consistently found in patients with MDD than healthy controls in both datasets. Multiple regression analysis on the fALFF showed a significant interaction effect between diagnosis and victim sensitivity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). CONCLUSIONS The patients with MDD show higher sensitivity to injustice as a victim, which may be independent of their disease course. The MDD patients differ from healthy controls in the neural correlates of victim sensitivity. These findings shed light on the linkage between cognitive control subserved by the DLPFC and negative bias towards the self implicated by higher victim sensitivity among the depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojuan Cui
- Department of Psychology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yun Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinglin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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16
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Robson SE, Repetto L, Gountouna VE, Nicodemus KK. A review of neuroeconomic gameplay in psychiatric disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:67-81. [PMID: 31040383 PMCID: PMC6906183 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0405-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities in social interaction are a common feature of several psychiatric disorders, aligning with the recent move towards using Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) to describe disorders in terms of observable behaviours rather than using specific diagnoses. Neuroeconomic games are an effective measure of social decision-making that can be adapted for use in neuroimaging, allowing investigation of the biological basis for behaviour. This review summarises findings of neuroeconomic gameplay studies in Axis 1 psychiatric disorders and advocates the use of these games as measures of the RDoC Affiliation and Attachment, Reward Responsiveness, Reward Learning and Reward Valuation constructs. Although research on neuroeconomic gameplay is in its infancy, consistencies have been observed across disorders, particularly in terms of impaired integration of social and cognitive information, avoidance of negative social interactions and reduced reward sensitivity, as well as a reduction in activity in brain regions associated with processing and responding to social information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siân E Robson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Linda Repetto
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Viktoria-Eleni Gountouna
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kristin K Nicodemus
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Alders GL, Davis AD, MacQueen G, Strother SC, Hassel S, Zamyadi M, Sharma GB, Arnott SR, Downar J, Harris JK, Lam RW, Milev R, Müller DJ, Ravindran A, Kennedy SH, Frey BN, Minuzzi L, Hall GB. Reduced accuracy accompanied by reduced neural activity during the performance of an emotional conflict task by unmedicated patients with major depression: A CAN-BIND fMRI study. J Affect Disord 2019; 257:765-773. [PMID: 31400735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
METHODS We studied 48 MDD and 30 HC who performed an emotional conflict task in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. RESULTS On the emotional conflict task, MDD and HC demonstrated a robust emotional Stroop effect in reaction time and accuracy. Overall, accuracy was lower in MDD compared to HC with no significant reaction time differences. The fMRI data indicated lower BOLD activation in MDD compared to HC on comparisons of all trials, congruent, incongruent, and incongruent > congruent trials in regions including right inferior temporal gyrus, lateral occipital cortex, and occipital fusiform gyrus. Behavioural and neuroimaging data indicated no group differences in fearful versus happy face processing. LIMITATIONS Inclusion of a neutral condition may have provided a valuable contrast to how MDD and HC process stimuli without emotional valence compared to stimuli with a strong emotional valence. CONCLUSIONS MDD and HC demonstrated a robust emotional Stroop effect. Compared to HC, MDD demonstrated an overall reduced accuracy on the emotional conflict task and reduced BOLD activity in regions important for face perception and emotion information processing, with no differences in responding to fearful versus happy faces. These findings provide support for the theory of emotion context insensitivity in individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gésine L Alders
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew D Davis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Glenda MacQueen
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen C Strother
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefanie Hassel
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mojdeh Zamyadi
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gulshan B Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Jonathan Downar
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Roumen Milev
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Queen's University, Providence Care Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arun Ravindran
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Depression and Suicide Studies, and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Geoffrey B Hall
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Mellick W, Sharp C, Ernst M. Depressive adolescent girls exhibit atypical social decision-making in an iterative trust game. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 38:224-244. [PMID: 32742072 PMCID: PMC7394023 DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2019.38.3.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interpersonal trust behavior is an important target for the identification and treatment of psychiatric disorders with interpersonal dysfunction. Adolescent depression is a highly interpersonal disorder marked by impaired social interactions. However, trust has received little empirical attention. The examination of reward-related decision-making using behavioral economic methods is a relatively novel approach for studying trust in adolescent depression. The present study employed a modified trust game to examine whether depressive adolescents exhibited perturbed reward-related decision-making in social and/or nonsocial contexts. METHODS One-hundred and thirty adolescent girls (65 depressive, 65 healthy comparisons) played a modified trust game under two conditions, interpersonal risk-taking (trust) and general risk-taking (lottery), and completed self-report psychopathology measures. RESULTS Three-way repeated measures ANCOVA analyses revealed a significant group x game interaction such that while the depressive group invested more across trials in the trust game they invested similarly to healthy comparisons in the lottery condition. DISCUSSION Findings highlight the interpersonal nature of adolescent depression. Future research may help determine whether increased trust behavior is characteristic of depression in adolescent girls. Behavioral economic games, like the trust game, may serve as valuable therapeutic tools for improving social interaction style among depressive adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mellick
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston, SC 29403, United States
| | - Carla Sharp
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, University
of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Monique Ernst
- National Institute of Mental Health/NIH, 15 K North Drive,
Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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19
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Social brain, social dysfunction and social withdrawal. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 97:10-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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20
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Hinterbuchinger B, Kaltenboeck A, Baumgartner JS, Mossaheb N, Friedrich F. Do patients with different psychiatric disorders show altered social decision-making? A systematic review of ultimatum game experiments in clinical populations. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2018; 23:117-141. [PMID: 29608131 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2018.1453791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairments in social functioning are a common feature of psychiatric disorders. Game paradigms pose a unique way for studying how people make decisions in interpersonal contexts. In the last decade, researchers have started to use these paradigms to study social decision-making in patients with psychiatric disorders. PURPOSE The aim of this systematic literature review is to summarise the currently available evidence on the behaviour of patients with psychiatric disorders in the commonly used Ultimatum Game (UG). METHOD A systematic literature search including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PSYNDEXplus Tests, PSYNDEXPLUS Literature, EBM Reviews-Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase and PASCAL was performed via the Ovid interface. RESULTS We found evidence for alterations in UG behaviour for patients with frontotemporal dementia, schizophrenia, affective disorders, alcohol, cocaine, heroin and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine consumption, alcohol dependence, anxiety disorders, borderline personality disorder, autism, Tourette syndrome and oppositional defiant disorder. CONCLUSION There is some evidence that different psychiatric disorders might go along with alterations in social decision-making. However, in general, data are currently limited and studies are hard to compare due to differences in methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hinterbuchinger
- a Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | | | - Josef Severin Baumgartner
- a Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Nilufar Mossaheb
- a Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Fabian Friedrich
- a Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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21
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Cigarini A, Vicens J, Duch J, Sánchez A, Perelló J. Quantitative account of social interactions in a mental health care ecosystem: cooperation, trust and collective action. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3794. [PMID: 29491363 PMCID: PMC5830605 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders have an enormous impact in our society, both in personal terms and in the economic costs associated with their treatment. In order to scale up services and bring down costs, administrations are starting to promote social interactions as key to care provision. We analyze quantitatively the importance of communities for effective mental health care, considering all community members involved. By means of citizen science practices, we have designed a suite of games that allow to probe into different behavioral traits of the role groups of the ecosystem. The evidence reinforces the idea of community social capital, with caregivers and professionals playing a leading role. Yet, the cost of collective action is mainly supported by individuals with a mental condition - which unveils their vulnerability. The results are in general agreement with previous findings but, since we broaden the perspective of previous studies, we are also able to find marked differences in the social behavior of certain groups of mental disorders. We finally point to the conditions under which cooperation among members of the ecosystem is better sustained, suggesting how virtuous cycles of inclusion and participation can be promoted in a 'care in the community' framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cigarini
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems UBICS, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julián Vicens
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems UBICS, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament d'Enginyeria Informàtica i Matemàtiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Duch
- Departament d'Enginyeria Informàtica i Matemàtiques, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems (NICO), Northwestern University, 60208, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Angel Sánchez
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos (GISC), Unidad de Matemática, Modelización y Ciencia Computacional, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911, Leganés, Spain
- Unidad Mixta Interdisciplinar de Comportamiento y Complejidad Social (UMICCS) UC3M-UV-UZ, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911, Leganés, Spain
- Institute UC3M-BS of Financial Big Data, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28903, Getafe, Spain
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Josep Perelló
- Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems UBICS, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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22
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Carbajal JM, Gamboa JL, Moore J, Smith F, Ann Eads L, Clothier JL, Cáceda R. Response to unfairness across the suicide risk spectrum. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:365-373. [PMID: 28888697 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal behavior is frequently triggered by social crises, such as familial, romantic, social or work-related conflict. A variety of cognitive and social functioning impairments has been associated with suicidal thoughts and acts. One of the precipitating and perpetuating factors of social conflict is the desire for retribution after a perceived offense, even at one's own detriment. We utilized the Ultimatum Game-a behavioral economic task which examines the behavioral response to perceived unfairness-in order to characterize the response to unfairness across the acute suicide risk spectrum. We examined five groups of adult individuals of both genders (n = 204): High- and Low-Lethality recent Suicide Attempters, Suicidal Ideators, Non-Suicidal Depressed Patients; and Healthy Controls. We also measured demographic and clinical variables. Even though all depressed groups showed similar rejection rates in the Ultimatum Game, there was a higher likelihood of rejecting offers in the low stakes condition in all acutely suicidal groups compared with healthy controls. Stake size, offer, education, and gender of the proposer were significantly associated with rejection rates. Acutely suicidal patients may be more vulnerable to adverse interpersonal interactions. Further characterization of social behavior may provide targets for secondary and tertiary prevention for high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge L Gamboa
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jordan Moore
- Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Favrin Smith
- Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Lou Ann Eads
- Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Clothier
- Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Ricardo Cáceda
- Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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23
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Alexander LF, Oliver A, Burdine LK, Tang Y, Dunlop BW. Reported maladaptive decision-making in unipolar and bipolar depression and its change with treatment. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:386-392. [PMID: 28822334 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mood disorder patients frequently experience difficulty making decisions and may make sub-optimal decisions with adverse life consequences. However, patients' styles for decision-making when ill and after treatment have received little study to date. We assessed healthy controls (HC, n = 69) and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 61) or bipolar disorder (BP, n = 26) in a current major depressive episode using the Melbourne Decision-making Questionnaire. A subset of participants was re-evaluated after completing six weeks of pharmacotherapy. HC demonstrated significantly greater use of the healthy vigilance style, and significantly lower use of maladaptive decision-making styles, than the MDD and depressed BP patients. After six weeks of treatment, neither the MDD nor BP patients reported meaningful improvements in the vigilance style of decision-making, but scores on most maladaptive decision-making styles declined. BP patients who remitted reported significantly lower buckpassing and procrastination scores than healthy controls. Among MDD patients, however, the maladaptive passive buckpassing style of decision-making did not significantly diminish. For MDD patients, reported decision-making styles may remain impaired even after achieving remission. Among BP patients, low levels of adaptive vigilance decision-making may be a trait component of the illness, whereas for MDD patients, reported maladaptive passive decision-making styles are persistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara F Alexander
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Alison Oliver
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Lauren K Burdine
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Yilang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Boadie W Dunlop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
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Paz V, Nicolaisen-Sobesky E, Collado E, Horta S, Rey C, Rivero M, Berriolo P, Díaz M, Otón M, Pérez A, Fernández-Theoduloz G, Cabana Á, Gradin VB. Effect of self-esteem on social interactions during the Ultimatum Game. Psychiatry Res 2017; 252:247-255. [PMID: 28285253 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Self-esteem is an attitude formed by self-evaluation based on positive and negative aspects of oneself. Low self-esteem is a risk factor for psychiatric disorders and is especially associated with social difficulties. Recently, behavioral economics has allowed the quantitative study of social interactions. We investigated the association between self-esteem and interpersonal problems and whether self-esteem modulates behavior and emotions during an economic task, the Ultimatum Game (UG). In this task participants accept or reject fair/unfair monetary offers from others. Low (LSE, n=40) and high (HSE, n=45) self-esteem participants were assessed in their interpersonal problems and psychiatric symptoms using self-reported questionnaires, and were compared on their decision making and emotional response during the UG. LSE was associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. In addition, LSE was associated with interpersonal problems, especially in the domains of socially inhibited, nonassertive, overly accommodating, self-sacrificing and cold/distant. During the UG, LSE women reported more anger towards unfair offers than HSE women. Our findings suggest that low self-esteem individuals experience high distress by interpersonal problems in several domains. Importantly, low self-esteem in women seems to be associated with an accentuated emotional response to unfair social exchanges. These results may contribute to treat social difficulties in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Paz
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | | | - E Collado
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - S Horta
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - C Rey
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - M Rivero
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - P Berriolo
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - M Díaz
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - M Otón
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - A Pérez
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | | | - Á Cabana
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - V B Gradin
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de la República, Uruguay.
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25
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Alarcón G, Forbes EE. Prosocial Behavior and Depression: a Case for Developmental Gender Differences. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2017; 4:117-127. [PMID: 29503791 DOI: 10.1007/s40473-017-0113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Prosocial behavior and depression are related constructs that both increase during adolescence and display gender-specific effects. The current review surveys literature examining the association between depressive symptoms and prosociality, measured with behavioral economic paradigms, across development and proposes a theoretical model explaining a mechanism through which adolescent girls have higher risk for depression than boys. Recent Findings Relative to healthy controls, prosocial behavior is reduced in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) but may be increased in adolescents with MDD. The relationship between non-clinical levels of depressive symptoms and prosocial behavior remains to be studied experimentally; however, self-reported prosocial behavior is negatively associated with depressive symptoms in non-clinical adolescents, which may suggest a shift in the relation of prosocial behavior and depressive symptoms across the non-clinical (i.e., negative) to clinical range (i.e., positive). Summary The effect of gender on these developmental and clinical status shifts has not been studied but could have important implications for understanding the emergence of higher rates of depression in girls than boys during adolescence. We propose that girls are at heightened risk for depression due to higher social-evaluative concern and other-oriented prosocial motivation that emphasize the needs of others over the self, leading to more altruistic prosocial behavior (despite personal cost) and a higher burden that enables depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Alarcón
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Loeffler 319, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Erika E Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Loeffler 319, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 210 S Bouquet Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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26
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Neue Einblicke in die Psychobiologie altruistischer Entscheidungen. DER NERVENARZT 2016; 87:1131-1135. [DOI: 10.1007/s00115-016-0229-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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27
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Preliminary results for an economic exchange game designed to measure of an aspect of antisocial behavior. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Gradin VB, Pérez A, Macfarlane JA, Cavin I, Waiter G, Tone EB, Dritschel B, Maiche A, Steele JD. Neural correlates of social exchanges during the Prisoner's Dilemma game in depression. Psychol Med 2016; 46:1289-1300. [PMID: 26763141 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715002834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a disabling disorder that significantly impacts on the interpersonal functioning of individuals. However, little is known about the neural substrates of such difficulties. In the last few years neuroeconomics, which combines imaging with multiplayer behavioural economic paradigms, has been used to study the neural substrates of normal and abnormal interpersonal interactions. METHOD This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate neural activity in unmedicated depressed participants (n = 25) and matched healthy controls (n = 25). During scanning, participants played a behavioural economic game, the Prisoner's Dilemma. In this game, the participant and a co-player independently choose either to cooperate or not cooperate with each other. RESULTS Depressed participants reported higher levels of negative feelings (betrayal, guilt) during the game than did controls. Neural activation was compared between 'imbalanced' events [when one of the players cooperated and the other defected ('CD' and 'DC')] and 'draw' events [when both players either cooperated or defected ('CC' and 'DD')]. Participants preferentially activated the anterior insula and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a region implicated in cognitive control and regulation of emotions. Importantly, compared to controls depressed participants showed reduced activation in the left DLPFC, with the extent of signal reduction correlating with increased self-report feelings of guilt associated with DC outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that depression is associated with reduced activation of the DLPFC during social events that involve unreciprocated cooperation. This abnormality may underlie anomalies in cognitive control and top-down regulation of emotions during challenging social exchanges.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Gradin
- Faculty of Psychology,CIBPsi, Universidad de la República,Montevideo,Uruguay
| | - A Pérez
- Faculty of Psychology,CIBPsi, Universidad de la República,Montevideo,Uruguay
| | - J A Macfarlane
- Medical Physics,NHS Tayside,University of Dundee,Dundee,UK
| | - I Cavin
- Medical Physics,NHS Tayside,University of Dundee,Dundee,UK
| | - G Waiter
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre,University of Aberdeen,Aberdeen,UK
| | - E B Tone
- Department of Psychology,Georgia State University,Atlanta, GA,USA
| | - B Dritschel
- Department of Psychology,University of St Andrews,Fife,UK
| | - A Maiche
- Faculty of Psychology,CIBPsi, Universidad de la República,Montevideo,Uruguay
| | - J D Steele
- School of Medicine (Neuroscience),University of Dundee,Ninewells Hospital and Medical School,Dundee,UK
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29
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Akbaba Turkoglu S, Essizoglu A, Kosger F, Aksaray G. Relationship between dysfunctional attitudes and childhood traumas in women with depression. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2015; 61:796-801. [PMID: 25977359 DOI: 10.1177/0020764015585328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Psychological traumas in childhood could lead to dysfunctional attitudes causing negative cognitive structuring and mistakes in data processing. In this study, we aimed to research the relation of childhood traumas with dysfunctional attitudes in female patients with depressive disorder. METHOD Seventy female patients diagnosed with depressive disorder and 50 healthy volunteers participated in the study, and the participants were administered a socio-demographic form, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS). RESULTS Comparing the two groups by median values of CTQ, total CTQ, sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect and emotional neglect, median values of the patient group were significantly higher compared to the control group, and comparison by median values of DAS revealed that median values of the patient group was significantly lower compared to the control group. In the correlation analysis carried out for finding the relation between CTQ and DAS, there was a significant negative correlation between DAS score and emotional abuse score. In the patient group, all kinds of abuses and neglects except for sexual abuse were at a higher rate in those with a history of depression in the family. CONCLUSION In our study, a negative correlation was determined between DAS and only emotional abuse leading us to the finding that one of the factors mediating childhood traumas to cause depression could lead to dysfunctional attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Altan Essizoglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ferdi Kosger
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Gokay Aksaray
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Wang Y, Yang LQ, Li S, Zhou Y. Game Theory Paradigm: A New Tool for Investigating Social Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2015; 6:128. [PMID: 26441689 PMCID: PMC4569817 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Social dysfunction is a prominent source of distress and disability in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) but is commonly omitted from current clinical studies, although some researchers propose an evolutionary strategy to understand these negative outcomes. Limited knowledge about the neural basis of social dysfunction in MDD results from traditional paradigms, which lack insights into social interactions. Game theoretical modeling offers a new tool for investigating social-interaction impairments in neuropsychiatric disorders. This review first introduces three widely used games from game theory and the major behavioral and neuroimaging findings obtained using these games in healthy populations. We also address the factors that modulate behaviors in games and their neural bases. We then summarize the current findings obtained by using these games in depressed patients and discuss the clinical implications of these abnormal game behaviors. Finally, we briefly discuss future prospects that may further elucidate the clinical use of a game theory paradigm in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu-Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Li
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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31
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Mellick W, Sharp C, Ernst M. Neuroeconomics for the study of social cognition in adolescent depression. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2015; 22:255-276. [PMID: 32719575 PMCID: PMC7384536 DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Traditional social-cognitive approaches for investigating interpersonal problems in adolescent depression are limited. An important functional domain studied in adolescent depression is reward, but experimental paradigms have largely been non-social. In this paper, we propose the methods and concepts of neuroeconomics may address this gap. We begin by discussing a well-established social reward model for vulnerability to adolescent depression. We then show how neuroeconomics may extend this model by offering the tools to examine the mechanics of social exchanges, in behavioral and neural terms, that maintain (or pose vulnerability to) depression. In doing so, we propose a neureoconomic model of adolescent depression in which depression is defined as a perturbation of interpersonal motivational/reward exchange. This model serves to guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mellick
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Carla Sharp
- University of Houston, Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Monique Ernst
- National Institute of Mental Health/NIH, 15 K North Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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32
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Pulcu E, Elliott R. Neural origins of psychosocial functioning impairments in major depression. Lancet Psychiatry 2015; 2:835-43. [PMID: 26360902 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(15)00237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder, a complex neuropsychiatric condition, is associated with psychosocial functioning impairments that could become chronic even after symptoms remit. Social functioning impairments in patients could also pose coping difficulties to individuals around them. In this Personal View, we trace the potential neurobiological origins of these impairments down to three candidate domains-namely, social perception and emotion processing, motivation and reward value processing, and social decision making. We argue that the neural basis of abnormalities in these domains could be detectable at different temporal stages during social interactions (eg, before and after decision stages), particularly within frontomesolimbic networks (ie, frontostriatal and amygdala-striatal circuitries). We review some of the experimental designs used to probe these circuits and suggest novel, integrative approaches. We propose that an understanding of the interactions between these domains could provide valuable insights for the clinical stratification of major depressive disorder subtypes and might inform future developments of novel treatment options in return.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Pulcu
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Medicine, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK.
| | - Rebecca Elliott
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Medicine, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
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33
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Cognitive reflection predicts the acceptance of unfair ultimatum game offers. JUDGMENT AND DECISION MAKING 2015. [DOI: 10.1017/s1930297500005143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the ultimatum game, one player proposes a split of money between him- or herself and another player, who can accept the offer (and both players keep the allocated money) or reject the offer (and both players get nothing). The present study examined predictors of accepting unfair ultimatum offers. In Study 1, 184 participants responded to an unfair ultimatum offer, completed a measure of cognitive reflection, and completed a self-report measure of rational and experiential thinking. Slightly more than half of the participants (54.3%) accepted the unfair offer, and cognitive reflection was positively correlated with accepting unfair offers. The rational and experiential thinking scales were not significantly correlated with ultimatum decisions. In Study 2, 306 participants responded to 20 ultimatum offers that varied in fairness and completed an expanded measure of cognitive reflection. Performance on the cognitive reflection measure predicted the number of ultimatum offers accepted. These results suggest that rejecting ultimatum offers is related to intuitive, heuristic-based thinking, whereas accepting offers is related to deliberate, analytic-based thinking.
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34
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Gradin VB, Pérez A, MacFarlane JA, Cavin I, Waiter G, Engelmann J, Dritschel B, Pomi A, Matthews K, Steele JD. Abnormal brain responses to social fairness in depression: an fMRI study using the Ultimatum Game. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1241-1251. [PMID: 25277236 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714002347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a prevalent disorder that significantly affects the social functioning and interpersonal relationships of individuals. This highlights the need for investigation of the neural mechanisms underlying these social difficulties. Investigation of social exchanges has traditionally been challenging as such interactions are difficult to quantify. Recently, however, neuroeconomic approaches that combine multiplayer behavioural economic paradigms and neuroimaging have provided a framework to operationalize and quantify the study of social interactions and the associated neural substrates. METHOD We investigated brain activation using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in unmedicated depressed participants (n = 25) and matched healthy controls (n = 25). During scanning, participants played a behavioural economic paradigm, the Ultimatum Game (UG). In this task, participants accept or reject monetary offers from other players. RESULTS In comparison to controls, depressed participants reported decreased levels of happiness in response to 'fair' offers. With increasing fairness of offers, controls activated the nucleus accumbens and the dorsal caudate, regions that have been reported to process social information and responses to rewards. By contrast, participants with depression failed to activate these regions with increasing fairness, with the lack of nucleus accumbens activation correlating with increased anhedonia symptoms. Depressed participants also showed a diminished response to increasing unfairness of offers in the medial occipital lobe. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that depressed individuals differ from healthy controls in the neural substrates involved with processing social information. In depression, the nucleus accumbens and dorsal caudate may underlie abnormalities in processing information linked to the fairness and rewarding aspects of other people's decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Gradin
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology,Universidad de la República,Montevideo,Uruguay
| | - A Pérez
- CIBPsi, Faculty of Psychology,Universidad de la República,Montevideo,Uruguay
| | | | - I Cavin
- Medical Physics,NHS Tayside,University of Dundee,UK
| | - G Waiter
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre,University of Aberdeen,UK
| | - J Engelmann
- Department of Economics,University of Zurich,Switzerland
| | - B Dritschel
- Department of Psychology,University of St Andrews,UK
| | - A Pomi
- Biophysics Section,Faculty of Sciences,Universidad de la República,Montevideo,Uruguay
| | - K Matthews
- Division of Neuroscience,Medical Research Institute,University of Dundee,UK
| | - J D Steele
- Division of Neuroscience,Medical Research Institute,University of Dundee,UK
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35
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Pulcu E, Thomas EJ, Trotter PD, McFarquhar M, Juhasz G, Sahakian BJ, Deakin JFW, Anderson IM, Zahn R, Elliott R. Social-economical decision making in current and remitted major depression. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1301-1313. [PMID: 25300570 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714002414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prosocial emotions related to self-blame are important in guiding human altruistic decisions. These emotions are elevated in major depressive disorder (MDD), such that MDD has been associated with guilt-driven pathological hyper-altruism. However, the impact of such emotional impairments in MDD on different types of social decision-making is unknown. METHOD In order to address this issue, we investigated different kinds of altruistic behaviour (interpersonal cooperation and fund allocation, altruistic punishment and charitable donation) in 33 healthy subjects, 35 patients in full remission (unmedicated) and 24 currently depressed patients (11 on medication) using behavioural-economical paradigms. RESULTS We show a significant main effect of clinical status on altruistic decisions (p = 0.04) and a significant interaction between clinical status and type of altruistic decisions (p = 0.03). More specifically, symptomatic patients defected significantly more in the Prisoner's Dilemma game (p < 0.05) and made significantly lower charitable donations, whether or not these incurred a personal cost (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Currently depressed patients also reported significantly higher guilt elicited by receiving unfair financial offers in the Ultimatum Game (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Currently depressed individuals were less altruistic in both a charitable donation and an interpersonal cooperation task. Taken together, our results challenge the guilt-driven pathological hyper-altruism hypothesis in depression. There were also differences in both current and remitted patients in the relationship between altruistic behaviour and pathological self-blaming, suggesting an important role for these emotions in moral and social decision-making abnormalities in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pulcu
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - E J Thomas
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - P D Trotter
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - M McFarquhar
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - G Juhasz
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - B J Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry and MRC Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute,The University of Cambridge,Cambridge,UK
| | - J F W Deakin
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - I M Anderson
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - R Zahn
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
| | - R Elliott
- Neuroscience & Psychiatry Unit,The University of Manchester & Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medicine,Manchester,UK
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36
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Cáceda R, Moskovciak T, Prendes-Alvarez S, Wojas J, Engel A, Wilker SH, Gamboa JL, Stowe ZN. Gender-specific effects of depression and suicidal ideation in prosocial behaviors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108733. [PMID: 25259712 PMCID: PMC4178187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prosocial behaviors are essential to the ability to relate to others. Women typically display greater prosocial behavior than men. The impact of depression on prosocial behaviors and how gender interacts with those effects are not fully understood. We explored the role of gender in the potential effects of depression on prosocial behavior. Methods We examined prosocial behaviors using a modified version of the Trust Game in a clinical population and community controls. Study participants were characterized on the severity of depression and anxiety, presence of suicidal ideation, history of childhood trauma, recent stressful life events, and impulsivity. We correlated behavioral outcomes with gender and clinical variables using analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. Results The 89 participants comprised four study groups: depressed women, depressed men, healthy women and healthy men (n = 16–36). Depressed men exhibited reciprocity more frequently than healthy men. Depression induced an inversion of the gender-specific pattern of self-centered behavior. Suicidal ideation was associated with increased reciprocity behavior in both genders, and enhancement of the effect of depression on gender-specific self-centered behavior. Conclusions Depression, particularly suicidal ideation, is associated with reversal of gender-specific patterns of prosocial behavior, suggesting abnormalities in sexual hormones regulation. This explanation is supported by known abnormalities in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axes found in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Cáceda
- Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Tori Moskovciak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Stefania Prendes-Alvarez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Justyna Wojas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Anzhelika Engel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Samantha H. Wilker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jorge L. Gamboa
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Zachary N. Stowe
- Psychiatric Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Li S, Wang P, Wu GW, Liu ZN. Impaired social decision making in patients with major depressive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:18. [PMID: 24450703 PMCID: PMC3904421 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-14-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal decision-making processes have been observed in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it is unresolved whether MDD patients show abnormalities in decision making in a social interaction context, in which decisions have actual influences on both the self-interests of the decision makers per se and those of their partners. METHODS Using a well-studied ultimatum game (UG), which is frequently used to investigate social interaction behavior, we examined whether MDD can be associated with abnormalities in social decision-making behavior by comparing the acceptance rates of MDD patients (N = 14) with those of normal controls (N = 19). RESULTS The acceptance rates of the patients were lower than those of the normal controls. Additionally, unfair proposals were accepted at similar rates from computer partners and human partners in the MDD patients, unlike the acceptance rates in the normal controls, who were able to discriminatively treat unfair proposals from computer partners and human partners. CONCLUSIONS Depressed patients show abnormal decision-making behavior in a social interaction context. Several possible explanations, such as increased sensitivity to fairness, negative emotional state and disturbed affective cognition, have been proposed to account for the abnormal social decision-making behavior in patients with MDD. This aberrant social decision-making behavior may provide a new perspective in the search to find biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Shu Li
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Mental Health, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Guo-Wei Wu
- Institute of Mental Health, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Zhe-Ning Liu
- Institute of Mental Health, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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Schmitt A, Falkai P. Therapeutic targets in major psychiatric disorders revisited. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2013; 263:619-20. [PMID: 24162800 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-013-0467-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany,
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