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Li Y, Cai H, Li X, Qian Y, Zhang C, Zhu J, Yu Y. Functional connectivity of the central autonomic and default mode networks represent neural correlates and predictors of individual personality. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:2187-2200. [PMID: 36069656 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
There is solid evidence for the prominent involvement of the central autonomic and default mode systems in shaping personality. However, whether functional connectivity of these systems can represent neural correlates and predictors of individual variation in personality traits is largely unknown. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 215 healthy young adults were used to construct the sympathetic (SN), parasympathetic (PN), and default mode (DMN) networks, with intra- and internetwork functional connectivity measured. Personality factors were assessed using the five-factor model. We examined the associations between personality factors and functional network connectivity, followed by performance of personality prediction based on functional connectivity using connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), a recently developed machine learning approach. All personality factors (neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness) other than openness were significantly correlated with intra- and internetwork functional connectivity of the SN, PN, and DMN. Moreover, the CPM models successfully predicted conscientiousness and agreeableness at the individual level using functional network connectivity. Our findings may expand existing knowledge regarding the neural substrates underlying personality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yinfeng Qian
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, China
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2
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Kolla NJ, Boileau I, Bagby RM. Higher trait neuroticism is associated with greater fatty acid amide hydrolase binding in borderline and antisocial personality disorders. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1126. [PMID: 35064143 PMCID: PMC8782862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04789-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) are the two most frequently diagnosed and researched DSM-5 personality disorders, and both are characterized by high levels of trait neuroticism. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an enzyme of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), has been linked to regulation of mood through modulation of anandamide, an endocannabinoid. We hypothesized that prefrontal cortex (PFC) FAAH binding would relate to trait neuroticism in personality disorders. Thirty-one individuals with personality disorders (20 with BPD and 11 with ASPD) completed the investigation. All participants completed the revised NEO Personality Inventory, which yields standardized scores (e.g., T scores) for the traits of neuroticism, openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and extraversion. All participants were medication free and were not utilizing illicit substances as determined by drug urinalysis. Additionally, none of the participants had a comorbid major depressive episode, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder, or substance use disorder. Each participant underwent one [11C]CURB PET scan. Consistent with our hypothesis, neuroticism was positively correlated with PFC FAAH binding (r = 0.42, p = 0.021), controlling for genotype. Neuroticism was also positively correlated with dorsal putamen FAAH binding (r = 0.53, p = 0.0024), controlling for genotype. Elevated brain FAAH is an endophenotype for high neuroticism in BPD and ASPD. Novel pharmacological therapeutics that inhibit FAAH could emerge as potential new treatments for BPD and ASPD with high neuroticism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Kolla
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Room 626, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Violence Prevention Neurobiological Research Unit, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, Penetanguishene, ON, Canada. .,Waypoint/University of Toronto Research Chair in Forensic Mental Health Science, Penetanguishene, ON, Canada.
| | - Isabelle Boileau
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Room 626, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Michael Bagby
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Room 626, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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3
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Cortical surface area alterations shaped by genetic load for neuroticism. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:3422-3431. [PMID: 30185937 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0236-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism has been shown to act as an important risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD). Genetic and neuroimaging research has independently revealed biological correlates of neurotic personality including cortical alterations in brain regions of high relevance for affective disorders. Here we investigated the influence of a polygenic score for neuroticism (PGS) on cortical brain structure in a joint discovery sample of n = 746 healthy controls (HC) and n = 268 MDD patients. Findings were validated in an independent replication sample (n = 341 HC and n = 263 MDD). Subgroup analyses stratified for case-control status and analyses of associations between neurotic phenotype and cortical measures were carried out. PGS for neuroticism was significantly associated with a decreased cortical surface area of the inferior parietal cortex, the precuneus, the rostral cingulate cortex and the inferior frontal gyrus in the discovery sample. Similar associations between PGS and surface area of the inferior parietal cortex and the precuneus were demonstrated in the replication sample. Subgroup analyses revealed negative associations in the latter regions between PGS and surface area in both HC and MDD subjects. Neurotic phenotype was negatively correlated with surface area in similar cortical regions including the inferior parietal cortex and the precuneus. No significant associations between PGS and cortical thickness were detected. The morphometric overlap of associations between both PGS and neurotic phenotype in similar cortical regions closely related to internally focused cognition points to the potential relevance of genetically shaped cortical alterations in the development of neuroticism.
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Avinun R, Israel S, Knodt AR, Hariri AR. Little evidence for associations between the Big Five personality traits and variability in brain gray or white matter. Neuroimage 2020; 220:117092. [PMID: 32599267 PMCID: PMC7593529 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Attempts to link the Big Five personality traits of Openness-to-Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism with variability in trait-like features of brain structure have produced inconsistent results. Small sample sizes and heterogeneous methodology have been suspected in driving these inconsistencies. Here, using data collected from 1,107 university students (636 women, mean age 19.69 ± 1.24 years), representing the largest sample to date of unrelated individuals, we tested for associations between the Big Five personality traits and measures of cortical thickness and surface area, subcortical volume, and white matter microstructural integrity. In addition to replication analyses based on a prior study, we conducted exploratory whole-brain analyses. Four supplementary analyses were also conducted to examine 1) possible associations with lower-order facets of personality; 2) modulatory effects of sex; 3) effect of controlling for non-target personality traits; and 4) parcellation scheme effects. Our analyses failed to identify significant associations between the Big Five personality traits and brain morphometry, except for a weak association between greater surface area of the superior temporal gyrus and lower conscientiousness scores. As the latter association is not supported by previous studies, it should be treated with caution. Our supplementary analyses mirrored these predominantly null findings, suggesting they were not substantively biased by our analytic choices. Collectively, these results indicate that if there are associations between the Big Five personality traits and brain structure, they are likely of very small effect size and will require very large samples for reliable detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Avinun
- Laboratory of NeuroGenetics, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Salomon Israel
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Annchen R Knodt
- Laboratory of NeuroGenetics, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ahmad R Hariri
- Laboratory of NeuroGenetics, Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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5
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Rivera Bonet CN, Hwang G, Hermann B, Struck AF, J Cook C, A Nair V, Mathis J, Allen L, Almane DN, Arkush K, Birn R, Conant LL, DeYoe EA, Felton E, Maganti R, Nencka A, Raghavan M, Shah U, Sosa VN, Ustine C, Prabhakaran V, Binder JR, Meyerand ME. Neuroticism in temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with altered limbic-frontal lobe resting-state functional connectivity. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 110:107172. [PMID: 32554180 PMCID: PMC7483612 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuroticism, a core personality trait characterized by a tendency towards experiencing negative affect, has been reported to be higher in people with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) compared with healthy individuals. Neuroticism is a known predictor of depression and anxiety, which also occur more frequently in people with TLE. The purpose of this study was to identify abnormalities in whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity in relation to neuroticism in people with TLE and to determine the degree of unique versus shared patterns of abnormal connectivity in relation to elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety. Ninety-three individuals with TLE (55 females) and 40 healthy controls (18 females) from the Epilepsy Connectome Project (ECP) completed measures of neuroticism, depression, and anxiety, which were all significantly higher in people with TLE compared with controls. Resting-state functional connectivity was compared between controls and groups with TLE with high and low neuroticism using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. In secondary analyses, the same analytics were performed using measures of depression and anxiety and the unique variance in resting-state connectivity associated with neuroticism independent of symptoms of depression and anxiety identified. Increased neuroticism was significantly associated with hyposynchrony between the right hippocampus and Brodmann area (BA) 9 (region of prefrontal cortex (PFC)) (p < 0.005), representing a unique relationship independent of symptoms of depression and anxiety. Hyposynchrony of connection between the right hippocampus and BA47 (anterior frontal operculum) was associated with high neuroticism and with higher depression and anxiety scores (p < 0.05), making it a shared abnormal connection for the three measures. In conclusion, increased neuroticism exhibits both unique and shared patterns of abnormal functional connectivity with depression and anxiety symptoms between regions of the mesial temporal and frontal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gyujoon Hwang
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Bruce Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Aaron F Struck
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Cole J Cook
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Veena A Nair
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Jedidiah Mathis
- Department of Radiology Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Linda Allen
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Dace N Almane
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Karina Arkush
- Neuroscience Innovation Institute, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Rasmus Birn
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Lisa L Conant
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Edgar A DeYoe
- Department of Radiology Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America; Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Felton
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Rama Maganti
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Andrew Nencka
- Department of Radiology Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Manoj Raghavan
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Umang Shah
- Neuroscience Innovation Institute, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Veronica N Sosa
- Neuroscience Innovation Institute, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Candida Ustine
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Vivek Prabhakaran
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R Binder
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America; Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mary E Meyerand
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States of America
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6
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Cai H, Zhu J, Yu Y. Robust prediction of individual personality from brain functional connectome. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 15:359-369. [PMID: 32248238 PMCID: PMC7235956 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have linked inter-individual variability in the brain to individualized personality traits. However, only one or several aspects of personality have been effectively predicted based on brain imaging features. The objective of this study was to construct a reliable prediction model of personality in a large sample by using connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), a recently developed machine learning approach. High-quality resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 810 healthy young participants from the Human Connectome Project dataset were used to construct large-scale brain networks. Personality traits of the five-factor model (FFM) were assessed by the NEO Five Factor Inventory. We found that CPM successfully and reliably predicted all the FFM personality factors (agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness and neuroticism) other than extraversion in novel individuals. At the neural level, we found that the personality-associated functional networks mainly included brain regions within default mode, frontoparietal executive control, visual and cerebellar systems. Although different feature selection thresholds and parcellation strategies did not significantly influence the prediction results, some findings lost significance after controlling for confounds including age, gender, intelligence and head motion. Our finding of robust personality prediction from an individual's unique functional connectome may help advance the translation of 'brain connectivity fingerprinting' into real-world personality psychological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
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7
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Kopala-Sibley DC, Chartier GB, Bhanot S, Cole J, Chan PY, Berlim MT, McGirr A. Personality Trait Predictive Utility and Stability in Transcranial
Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Major Depression: Dissociation of Neuroticism
and Self-Criticism: Utilité prédictive et stabilité des traits de personnalité
dans la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive (SMTr) pour la
dépression majeure : dissociation du neuroticisme et de
l’autocritique. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2020; 65:264-272. [PMID: 31043062 PMCID: PMC7385423 DOI: 10.1177/0706743719839705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cost-efficient and non-invasive predictors of antidepressant response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are required. The personality vulnerabilities—neuroticism and self-criticism—are associated with antidepressant outcomes in other modalities; however, self-criticism has not been examined in response to rTMS, and the literature on neuroticism and rTMS is inconsistent. Methods: This naturalistic, 4-week study involved daily dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLFPC) rTMS for major depression (15 unipolar, 2 bipolar). Participants completed the Big Five Inventory (neuroticism) and the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (self-criticism) at baseline and at the end of treatment. Changes in depressive symptoms, as rated by the clinician, were quantified using the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Given the inconsistencies in data regarding the stability of neuroticism in patients receiving rTMS, we performed a systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis of trials examining rTMS and neuroticism. Results: rTMS significantly improved depressive symptoms, and this was predicted by higher levels of self-criticism but not neuroticism. Self-criticism was stable over the 4 weeks of rTMS; however, neuroticism decreased, and this was not related to decreases in depressive symptoms. Our quantitative meta-analysis of 4 rTMS trials in major depression (n = 52 patients) revealed decreases in neuroticism, with a moderate effect size. Limitations: Our results are limited by a small sample size, and the absence of a sham-rTMS group. Our meta-analysis included only 4 trials. Conclusion: Highly self-critical patients appear to benefit more from rTMS than less self-critical patients. Neuroticism, a conceptually similar but distinct personality domain, does not appear to predict antidepressant response, yet this vulnerability factor for depression decreases after rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Kopala-Sibley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Calgary,
Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Shiv Bhanot
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Calgary,
Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of
Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jaeden Cole
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Calgary,
Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter Y. Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, British
Columbia, Canada
| | - Marcelo T. Berlim
- Neuromodulation Research Clinic, Douglas Institute, Montreal,
Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec,
Canada
| | - Alexander McGirr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta,
Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Calgary,
Alberta, Canada
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