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Bastin C, Delhaye E. Targeting the function of the transentorhinal cortex to identify early cognitive markers of Alzheimer's disease. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023:10.3758/s13415-023-01093-5. [PMID: 37024735 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Initial neuropathology of early Alzheimer's disease accumulates in the transentorhinal cortex. We review empirical data suggesting that tasks assessing cognitive functions supported by the transenthorinal cortex are impaired as early as the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease. These tasks span across various domains, including episodic memory, semantic memory, language, and perception. We propose that all tasks sensitive to Alzheimer-related transentorhinal neuropathology commonly rely on representations of entities supporting the processing and discrimination of items having perceptually and conceptually overlapping features. In the future, we suggest a screening tool that is sensitive and specific to very early Alzheimer's disease to probe memory and perceptual discrimination of highly similar entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bastin
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B30, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Emma Delhaye
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B30, 4000, Liège, Belgium
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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2
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Li AY, Fukuda K, Barense MD. Independent features form integrated objects: Using a novel shape-color “conjunction task” to reconstruct memory resolution for multiple object features simultaneously. Cognition 2022; 223:105024. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Henríquez F, Cabello V, Baez S, de Souza LC, Lillo P, Martínez-Pernía D, Olavarría L, Torralva T, Slachevsky A. Multidimensional Clinical Assessment in Frontotemporal Dementia and Its Spectrum in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Narrative Review and a Glance at Future Challenges. Front Neurol 2022; 12:768591. [PMID: 35250791 PMCID: PMC8890568 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.768591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the third most common form of dementia across all age groups and is a leading cause of early-onset dementia. The Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) includes a spectrum of diseases that are classified according to their clinical presentation and patterns of neurodegeneration. There are two main types of FTD: behavioral FTD variant (bvFTD), characterized by a deterioration in social function, behavior, and personality; and primary progressive aphasias (PPA), characterized by a deficit in language skills. There are other types of FTD-related disorders that present motor impairment and/or parkinsonism, including FTD with motor neuron disease (FTD-MND), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). The FTD and its associated disorders present great clinical heterogeneity. The diagnosis of FTD is based on the identification through clinical assessments of a specific clinical phenotype of impairments in different domains, complemented by an evaluation through instruments, i.e., tests and questionnaires, validated for the population under study, thus, achieving timely detection and treatment. While the prevalence of dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is increasing rapidly, there is still a lack of standardized instruments and consensus for FTD diagnosis. In this context, it is important to review the published tests and questionnaires adapted and/or validated in LAC for the assessment of cognition, behavior, functionality, and gait in FTD and its spectrum. Therefore, our paper has three main goals. First, to present a narrative review of the main tests and questionnaires published in LAC for the assessment of FTD and its spectrum in six dimensions: (i) Cognitive screening; (ii) Neuropsychological assessment divided by cognitive domain; (iii) Gait assessment; (iv) Behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms; (v) Functional assessment; and (vi) Global Rating Scale. Second, to propose a multidimensional clinical assessment of FTD in LAC identifying the main gaps. Lastly, it is proposed to create a LAC consortium that will discuss strategies to address the current challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Henríquez
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Memory and Neuropsychiatric Clinic (CMYN) Neurology Department, Hospital del Salvador and Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Neuropsychology and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (LANNEC), Physiopathology Department – Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Neuroscience and East Neuroscience Departments, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory for Cognitive and Evolutionary Neuroscience (LaNCE), Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Cabello
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Neuropsychology and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (LANNEC), Physiopathology Department – Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Neuroscience and East Neuroscience Departments, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Baez
- Universidad de los Andes, Departamento de Psicología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Cruz de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Patricia Lillo
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Neurología Sur, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Unidad de Neurología, Hospital San José, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Martínez-Pernía
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Memory and Neuropsychiatric Clinic (CMYN) Neurology Department, Hospital del Salvador and Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Loreto Olavarría
- Memory and Neuropsychiatric Clinic (CMYN) Neurology Department, Hospital del Salvador and Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Neuropsychology and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (LANNEC), Physiopathology Department – Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Neuroscience and East Neuroscience Departments, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Teresa Torralva
- Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCYT), Instituto de Neurología Cognitiva Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Slachevsky
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile
- Memory and Neuropsychiatric Clinic (CMYN) Neurology Department, Hospital del Salvador and Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Neuropsychology and Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory (LANNEC), Physiopathology Department – Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Neuroscience and East Neuroscience Departments, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
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Abstract
Recently, Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI) stressed that around 75% of people living with dementia globally are still not receiving a diagnosis. In this commentary, I reflect on how efforts towards better cognitive assessments, particularly of memory, can be aligned and harmonized to contribute to such needs. I highlight some barriers that ongoing collaborations and trials are facing and their potential drivers. I suggest some strategies that can help overcome them and in so doing, integrate research agendas. We need to ignite the debate towards strategies that can help level the playfield to tackle Alzheimer's disease with true global solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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5
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Cecchini MA, Yassuda MS, Squarzoni P, Coutinho AM, de Paula Faria D, Duran FLDS, Costa NAD, Porto FHDG, Nitrini R, Forlenza OV, Brucki SMD, Buchpiguel CA, Parra MA, Busatto GF. Deficits in short-term memory binding are detectable in individuals with brain amyloid deposition in the absence of overt neurodegeneration in the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Brain Cogn 2021; 152:105749. [PMID: 34022637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The short-term memory binding (STMB) test involves the ability to hold in memory the integration between surface features, such as shapes and colours. The STMB test has been used to detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) at different stages, from preclinical to dementia, showing promising results. The objective of the present study was to verify whether the STMB test could differentiate patients with distinct biomarker profiles in the AD continuum. The sample comprised 18 cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants, 30 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 23 AD patients. All participants underwent positron emission tomography (PET) with Pittsburgh compound-B labelled with carbon-11 ([11C]PIB) assessing amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation (A) and 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG)-PET assessing neurodegeneration (N) (A-N- [n = 35]); A+N- [n = 11]; A+ N+ [n = 19]). Participants who were negative and positive for amyloid deposition were compared in the absence (A-N- vs. A+N-) of neurodegeneration. When compared with the RAVLT and SKT memory tests, the STMB was the only cognitive task that differentiated these groups, predicting the group outcome in logistic regression analyses. The STMB test showed to be sensitive to the signs of AD pathology and may represent a cognitive marker within the AD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Amore Cecchini
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Gerontology, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Paula Squarzoni
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Artur Martins Coutinho
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM43), Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Department of Radiology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele de Paula Faria
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Núcleo de Apoio a Pesquisa em Neurociência Aplicada (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Luiz de Souza Duran
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naomi Antunes da Costa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Henrique de Gobbi Porto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Orestes Vicente Forlenza
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM43), Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Department of Radiology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Geraldo F Busatto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Núcleo de Apoio a Pesquisa em Neurociência Aplicada (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Kozlova I, Parra MA, Titova N, Gantman M, Sala SD. Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson Dementia Distinguished by Cognitive Marker. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:307-315. [PMID: 32101280 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporary memory binding (TMB) has been shown to be specifically affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) when it is assessed via free recall and titrating the task demands to equate baseline performance across patients. METHODS Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) were subdivided into patients with and without cognitive impairment and compared with AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients on their performance on the TMB. RESULTS The results show that only patients with AD dementia present with impaired TMB performance. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that TMB holds high sensitivity and specificity for aMCI and AD relative to PD groups and healthy controls. CONCLUSION The TMB is sensitive to the neurodegenerative mechanisms leading to AD dementia but not to those underpinning PD dementia. As such, TMB task can aid the differential diagnosis of these common forms of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kozlova
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology Department, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer's Scotland Dementia Research Centre, Edinburgh University, UK
- Autonomous University of the Caribbean, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Nataliya Titova
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Gantman
- Department of Alzheimer's Diseases and Related Disorders, Mental Health Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology Department, University of Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, UK
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Manga A, Madurka P, Vakli P, Kirwan CB, Vidnyánszky Z. Investigation of the relationship between visual feature binding in short- and long-term memory in healthy aging. Learn Mem 2021; 28:109-113. [PMID: 33723030 PMCID: PMC7970738 DOI: 10.1101/lm.052548.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Binding visual features into coherent object representations is essential both in short- and long-term memory. However, the relationship between feature binding processes at different memory delays remains unexplored. Here, we addressed this question by using the Mnemonic Similarity Task and a delayed-estimation working memory task on a large sample of older adults. The results revealed that higher propensity to misbind object features in working memory is associated with lower lure discrimination performance in the mnemonic similarity task, suggesting that shared feature binding processes underlie the formation of coherent short- and long-term visual object memory representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Manga
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Petra Madurka
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Pál Vakli
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - C Brock Kirwan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Zoltán Vidnyánszky
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
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8
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Cecchini MA, Foss MP, Tumas V, Patrocinio FAP, Chiari-Correia RD, Novaretti N, Brozinga TR, Bahia VS, de Souza LC, Cerqueira Guimarães H, Caramelli P, Lima-Silva TB, Cassimiro L, Brucki SMD, Nitrini R, Della Sala S, Parra MA, Yassuda MS. Profiles of cognitive impairment in the continuum from normal cognition to Alzheimer's clinical syndrome: Contributions of the short-term memory binding tests. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 35:1331-1340. [PMID: 32584463 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term memory binding (STMB) tests assess conjunctive binding, in which participants should remember the integration of features, such as shapes (or objects) and colors, forming a unique representation in memory. In this study, we investigated two STMB paradigms: change detection (CD) and free recall (FR). OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognitive profile in the CD and FR tasks of three diagnostic groups: cognitively unimpaired (CU), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's clinical syndrome (ACS). In addition, we aimed to calculate and compare the accuracy of the CD and FR tasks to identify MCI and ACS. METHODS Participants were 24 CU, 24 MCI, and 37 ACS. The cognitive scores of the clinical groups were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were carried out to verify the accuracy of the STMB tasks. RESULTS In the CD task, CU was different from MCI and ACS (CU > MCI = ACS), while in the FR task all groups were different (CU > MCI > ACS). The ROC analyses showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.855 comparing CU with MCI for the CD task and 0.975 for the FR. The AUC comparing CU and ACS was 0.924 for the CD and 0.973 for the FR task. The FR task showed better accuracy to identify MCI patients, and the same accuracy to detect ACS. CONCLUSION The present findings indicate that impairments in CD and FR of bound representations are features of the cognitive profiles of MCI and ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Amore Cecchini
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Paula Foss
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia A P Patrocinio
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo D Chiari-Correia
- Center of Image Sciences and Medical Physics, University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Novaretti
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara R Brozinga
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Cruz de Souza
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Henrique Cerqueira Guimarães
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Cassimiro
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Gerontology, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Maniglia MR, Souza AS. Age Differences in the Efficiency of Filtering and Ignoring Distraction in Visual Working Memory. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E556. [PMID: 32824098 PMCID: PMC7464792 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10080556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy aging is associated with decline in the ability to maintain visual information in working memory (WM). We examined whether this decline can be explained by decreases in the ability to filter distraction during encoding or to ignore distraction during memory maintenance. Distraction consisted of irrelevant objects (Exp. 1) or irrelevant features of an object (Exp. 2). In Experiment 1, participants completed a spatial WM task requiring remembering locations on a grid. During encoding or during maintenance, irrelevant distractor positions were presented. In Experiment 2, participants encoded either single-feature (colors or orientations) or multifeature objects (colored triangles) and later reproduced one of these features using a continuous scale. In multifeature blocks, a precue appeared before encoding or a retrocue appeared during memory maintenance indicating with 100% certainty to the to-be-tested feature, thereby enabling filtering and ignoring of the irrelevant (not-cued) feature, respectively. There were no age-related deficits in the efficiency of filtering and ignoring distractor objects (Exp. 1) and of filtering irrelevant features (Exp. 2). Both younger and older adults could not ignore irrelevant features when cued with a retrocue. Overall, our results provide no evidence for an aging deficit in using attention to manage visual WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana R. Maniglia
- Department of Psychology, Ribeirão Preto School of Philosophy, Science and Literature (FFCLRP), University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto/SP 14040-901, Brazil;
| | - Alessandra S. Souza
- Department of Psychology, Cognitive Psychology Unit, University of Zurich, Binzmühlestrasse 14/22, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
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Rodrigo-Herrero S, Sánchez-Benavides G, Ainz-Gómez L, Luque-Tirado A, Graciani-Cantisán E, Sánchez-Arjona MB, Maillet D, Jiménez-Hernández MD, Franco-Macías E. Norms for Testing Visual Binding Using the Memory Associative Test (TMA-93) in Older Educationally-Diverse Adults. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 75:871-878. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-191235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rodrigo-Herrero
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Leire Ainz-Gómez
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Andrea Luque-Tirado
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Didier Maillet
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | - Emilio Franco-Macías
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
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The striatum, the hippocampus, and short-term memory binding: Volumetric analysis of the subcortical grey matter's role in mild cognitive impairment. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 25:102158. [PMID: 31918064 PMCID: PMC7036699 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal atrophy plays no role in short-term memory binding. The globus pallidus could be part of the brain network supporting binding. Total brain atrophy does not correlate with striatal grey matter atrophy in MCI. Striatal grey matter atrophy reflects in total brain atrophy in controls. Hippocampal and parahippocampal volumes correlate in MCI and controls.
Background Deficits in short-term memory (STM) binding are a distinguishing feature of preclinical stages leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the neuroanatomical correlates of conjunctive STM binding are largely unexplored. Here we examine the possible association between the volumes of hippocampi, parahippocampal gyri, and grey matter within the subcortical structures – all found to have foci that seemingly correlate with basic daily living activities in AD patients - with cognitive tests related to conjunctive STM binding. Materials and methods Hippocampal, thalamic, parahippocampal and corpus striatum volumes were semi-automatically quantified in brain magnetic resonance images from 25 cognitively normal people and 21 patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) at high risk of AD progression, who undertook a battery of cognitive tests and the short-term memory binding test. Associations were assessed using linear regression models and group differences were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results Hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus volumes differed between MCI and control groups. Although the grey matter volume in the globus pallidus (r = -0.71, p < 0.001) and parahippocampal gyry (r = -0.63, p < 0.05) correlated with a STM binding task in the MCI group, only the former remained associated with STM binding deficits in MCI patients, after correcting for age, gender and years of education (β = -0.56,P = 0.042) although with borderline significance. Conclusions Loss of hippocampal volume plays no role in the processing of STM binding. Structures within the basal ganglia, namely the globus pallidus, could be part of the extrahippocampal network supporting binding. Replication of this study in large samples is now needed.
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Parra MA, Butler S, McGeown WJ, Brown Nicholls LA, Robertson DJ. Globalising strategies to meet global challenges: the case of ageing and dementia. J Glob Health 2019; 9:020310. [PMID: 31777656 PMCID: PMC6858988 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.09.020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Alzheimer’s Scotland Dementia Research Centre, Edinburgh University, UK
- Autonomous University of the Caribbean, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Stephen Butler
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Equal contribution, sorted alphabetically by surname
| | - William J. McGeown
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Equal contribution, sorted alphabetically by surname
| | - Louise A Brown Nicholls
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Equal contribution, sorted alphabetically by surname
| | - David J Robertson
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Equal contribution, sorted alphabetically by surname
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13
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Bretag-Norris R, Gallur L, Flynn P. Heterogeneity in the psychiatric presentation of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Australas Psychiatry 2019; 27:491-495. [PMID: 31310153 DOI: 10.1177/1039856219860031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article describes how the onset of bvFTD can be heralded by psychiatric symptoms. METHOD Case reports are described with reference to the relevant literature review. RESULTS Three patients were admitted with psychiatric symptoms, including depression, mania, psychosis and catatonia. Two had been previously diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. All three were diagnosed with probable bvFTD. CONCLUSION bvFTD is an important differential diagnosis to consider when patients present with atypical psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece Bretag-Norris
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, and; School of Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lara Gallur
- Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, and; School of Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Patrick Flynn
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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The Accuracy of INECO Frontal Screening in the Diagnosis of Executive Dysfunction in Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer Disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2019; 32:314-319. [PMID: 29734264 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Executive dysfunction is a common symptom in neurodegenerative disorders and is in need of easy-to-apply screening tools that might identify it. The aims of the present study were to examine some of the psychometric characteristics of the Brazilian version of the INECO frontal screening (IFS), and to investigate its accuracy to diagnose executive dysfunction in dementia and its accuracy to differentiate Alzheimer disease (AD) from the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). METHODS Patients diagnosed with bvFTD (n=18) and AD (n=20), and 15 healthy controls completed a neuropsychological battery, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, the Clinical Dementia Rating, and the IFS. RESULTS The IFS had acceptable internal consistency (α=0.714) and was significantly correlated with general cognitive measures and with neuropsychological tests. The IFS had adequate accuracy to differentiate patients with dementia from healthy controls (AUC=0.768, cutoff=19.75, sensitivity=0.80, specificity=0.63), but low accuracy to differentiate bvFTD from AD (AUC=0.594, cutoff=16.75, sensitivity=0.667, specificity=0.600). CONCLUSION The present study suggested that the IFS may be used to screen for executive dysfunction in dementia. Nonetheless, it should be used with caution in the differential diagnosis between AD and bvFTD.
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15
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Guest FL. Early Detection and Treatment of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease: Future Perspectives. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1118:295-317. [PMID: 30747429 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05542-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease affects approximately 6% of people over the age of 65 years. It is characterized as chronic degeneration of cortical neurons, with loss of memory, cognition and executive functions. As the disease progresses, it is accompanied by accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in key areas of the brain, leading to a loss of neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, along with changes in the levels of essential neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine and glutamate. Individuals with concomitant diseases such as depression, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders have a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, and those who have a healthier diet and partake in regular exercise and intellectual stimulation have a lower risk of developing the disorder. This chapter describes the advances made in early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease as this could help to improve outcomes for the patients by facilitating earlier treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca L Guest
- Taunton and Somerset NHS Trust, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, Somerset, UK.
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16
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Parra MA, Calia C, García AF, Olazarán-Rodríguez J, Hernandez-Tamames JA, Alvarez-Linera J, Della Sala S, Fernandez Guinea S. Refining memory assessment of elderly people with cognitive impairment: Insights from the short-term memory binding test. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 83:114-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Yassuda MS, Carthery-Goulart MT, Cecchini MA, Cassimiro L, Fernandes KD, Baradel RR, Garcia RB, Nitrini R, Della Sala S, Parra MA. Free Recall of Bound Information Held in Short-Term Memory is Unimpaired by Age and Education. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019; 35:165-175. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
It has been challenging to identify cognitive markers to differentiate healthy brain aging from neurodegeneration due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that are not affected by age and education. The Short-Term Memory Binding (STMB) showed not to be affected by age or education when using the change detection paradigm. However, no previous study has tested the effect of age and education using the free recall paradigm of the STMB. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate age and education effects on the free recall version of the STMB test under different memory loads.
Methods
126 healthy volunteers completed the free recall STMB test. The sample was divided into five age bands and into five education bands for comparisons. The STMB test assessed free recall of two (or three) common objects and two (or three) primary colors presented as individual features (unbound) or integrated into unified objects (bound).
Results
The binding condition and the larger set size generated lower free recall scores. Performance was lower in older and less educated participants. Critically, neither age nor education modified these effects when compared across experimental conditions (unbound v. bound features).
Conclusions
Binding in short-term memory carries a cost in performance. Age and education do not affect such a binding cost within a memory recall paradigm. These findings suggest that this paradigm is a suitable cognitive marker to differentiate healthy brain aging from age-related disease such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, Brazil
- Gerontology, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo. Avenida Arlindo Bettio, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Mathemathics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Amore Cecchini
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Cassimiro
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katarina Duarte Fernandes
- Center for Mathemathics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Roque Baradel
- Center for Mathemathics, Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Basso Garcia
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Languages of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mario Alfredo Parra
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh Campus, Edinburgh, UK
- Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Calle 90 # 46-112, Barranquilla, Colombia
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Gaynor LS, Johnson SA, Mizell JM, Campos KT, Maurer AP, Bauer RM, Burke SN. Impaired discrimination with intact crossmodal association in aged rats: A dissociation of perirhinal cortical-dependent behaviors. Behav Neurosci 2018; 132:138-151. [PMID: 29809042 PMCID: PMC5975639 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The perirhinal cortex (PRC) supports associative memory and perception, and PRC dysfunction impairs animals' abilities to associate stimulus features across sensory modalities. PRC damage also leads to deficits in discriminating between stimuli that share features. Although PRC-dependent stimulus discrimination has been shown to be impaired with advanced age, data regarding the abilities of older adults and other animals to form PRC-dependent associations have been equivocal. Moreover, the extent to which similar neural computations within the PRC support associative memory versus discrimination abilities have not been directly examined. In the current study, young and aged rats were cross-characterized on two PRC-dependent crossmodal object recognition (CMOR) tasks to test associative memory, and a LEGO object discrimination task. In the CMOR tasks, rats were familiarized with an object with access to tactile input and then tested for recognition with visual input only. The relative exploration time of novel versus familiar objects indicated that aged rats showed preference for the novel over familiar object with and without an epoch of multimodal preexposure to the familiar object prior to the testing session. Furthermore, crossmodal recognition performance between young and aged rats was not significantly different. In contrast, for the LEGO object discrimination task, aged rats were impaired relative to young rats. Notably, aged rats that performed poorly on the LEGO object discrimination task had better performance on the CMOR tasks. The dissociation of discrimination and association abilities with age suggests that these behaviors rely on distinct neural computations within PRC-medial temporal lobe circuit. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Russell M Bauer
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida
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Schneegans S, Bays PM. New perspectives on binding in visual working memory. Br J Psychol 2018; 110:207-244. [DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul M. Bays
- Department of Psychology; University of Cambridge; UK
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