1
|
Li Z, Huang W, Zhang M, Huo Y, Li F, Song L, Wu S, Yang Q, Li X, Zhang J, Yang L, Hao J, Kang L. Minocycline-loaded nHAP/PLGA microspheres for prevention of injury-related corneal angiogenesis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:134. [PMID: 38549081 PMCID: PMC10979583 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) threatens vision by disrupting corneal avascularity, however, current treatments, including pharmacotherapy and surgery, are hindered by limitations in efficacy and adverse effects. Minocycline, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, could suppress CoNV but faces challenges in effective delivery due to the cornea's unique structure. Therefore, in this study a novel drug delivery system using minocycline-loaded nano-hydroxyapatite/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (nHAP/PLGA) nanoparticles was developed to improve treatment outcomes for CoNV. RESULTS Ultra-small nHAP was synthesized using high gravity technology, then encapsulated in PLGA by a double emulsion method to form nHAP/PLGA microspheres, attenuating the acidic by-products of PLGA degradation. The MINO@PLGA nanocomplex, featuring sustained release and permeation properties, demonstrated an efficient delivery system for minocycline that significantly inhibited the CoNV area in an alkali-burn model without exhibiting apparent cytotoxicity. On day 14, the in vivo microscope examination and ex vivo CD31 staining corroborated the inhibition of neovascularization, with the significantly smaller CoNV area (29.40% ± 6.55%) in the MINO@PLGA Tid group (three times daily) than that of the control group (86.81% ± 15.71%), the MINO group (72.42% ± 30.15%), and the PLGA group (86.87% ± 14.94%) (p < 0.05). Fluorescein sodium staining show MINO@PLGA treatments, administered once daily (Qd) and three times daily (Tid) demonstrated rapid corneal epithelial healing while the Alkali injury group and the DEX group showed longer healing times (p < 0.05). Additionally, compared to the control group, treatments with dexamethasone, MINO, and MINO@PLGA were associated with an increased expression of TGF-β as evidenced by immunofluorescence, while the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α demonstrated a significant decrease following alkali burn. Safety evaluations, including assessments of renal and hepatic biomarkers, along with H&E staining of major organs, revealed no significant cytotoxicity of the MINO@PLGA nanocomplex in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The novel MINO@PLGA nanocomplex, comprising minocycline-loaded nHAP/PLGA microspheres, has shown a substantial capacity for preventing CoNV. This study confirms the complex's ability to downregulate inflammatory pathways, significantly reducing CoNV with minimal cytotoxicity and high biosafety in vivo. Given these findings, MINO@PLGA stands as a highly promising candidate for ocular conditions characterized by CoNV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpeng Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Huo
- Department of Ophthalmology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Sitong Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianchen Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fowler TE, Choudhary V, Melnyk S, Farsi M, Chang LY, Fortingo N, Chen X, Watsky MA, Bollag WB. Dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol Inhibits Heat Shock Protein B4 (HSPB4)-Induced Inflammatory Pathways In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5839. [PMID: 36982926 PMCID: PMC10059050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work shows that dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) accelerates corneal epithelial healing in vitro and in vivo by unknown mechanisms. Prior data demonstrate that DOPG inhibits toll-like receptor (TLR) activation and inflammation induced by microbial components (pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs) and by endogenous molecules upregulated in psoriatic skin, which act as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to activate TLRs and promote inflammation. In the injured cornea, sterile inflammation can result from the release of the DAMP molecule, heat shock protein B4 (HSPB4), to contribute to delayed wound healing. Here, we show in vitro that DOPG inhibits TLR2 activation induced in response to HSPB4, as well as DAMPs that are elevated in diabetes, a disease that also slows corneal wound healing. Further, we show that the co-receptor, cluster of differentiation-14 (CD14), is necessary for PAMP/DAMP-induced activation of TLR2, as well as of TLR4. Finally, we simulated the high-glucose environment of diabetes to show that elevated glucose levels enhance TLR4 activation by a DAMP known to be upregulated in diabetes. Together, our results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory actions of DOPG and support further investigation into its development as a possible therapy for corneal injury, especially in diabetic patients at high risk of vision-threatening complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa E. Fowler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Vivek Choudhary
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Samuel Melnyk
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mishma Farsi
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Luke Y. Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Nyemkuna Fortingo
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Xunsheng Chen
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Mitchell A. Watsky
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Wendy B. Bollag
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liva F, Cuffaro D, Nuti E, Nencetti S, Orlandini E, Vozzi G, Rossello A. Age-related Macular Degeneration: Current Knowledge of Zinc Metalloproteinases Involvement. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:903-918. [PMID: 30666909 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190122114857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly with limited therapeutic options. The disease is characterized by photoreceptor loss in the macula and reduced Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) function, associated with matrix degradation, cell proliferation, neovascularization and inflammation. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs) play a critical role in the physiology of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover and, in turn, in ECM pathologies, such as AMD. A balance between the activities of MMPs and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase (TIMPs) is crucial for the integrity of the ECM components; indeed, a dysregulation in the ratio of these factors produces profound changes in the ECM, including thickening and deposit formation, which eventually might lead to AMD development. OBJECTIVE This article reviews the relevance and impact of zinc metalloproteinases on the development of AMD and their roles as biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets. We illustrate some studies on several inhibitors of MMPs currently used to dissect physiological properties of MMPs. Moreover, all molecules or technologies used to control MMP and ADAM activity in AMD are analyzed. CONCLUSION This study underlines the changes in the activity of MMPs expressed by RPE cells, highlights the functions of already used MMP inhibitors and consequently suggests their application as therapeutic agents for the treatment of AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Liva
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Doretta Cuffaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.,Research Center "E. Piaggio," University of Pisa, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Elisa Nuti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Research Center "E. Piaggio," University of Pisa, Pisa, 56122, Italy.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Research Center "E. Piaggio," University of Pisa, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| | - Armando Rossello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.,Research Center "E. Piaggio," University of Pisa, Pisa, 56122, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Patlolla VGR, Holbrook WP, Gizurarson S, Kristmundsdottir T. Long-term Stabilization of Aqueous Doxycycline Formulations, in Mucoadhesive Hydrogels for Treatment of Oral Mucosal Conditions. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 17:376-386. [PMID: 30806319 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190222193902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main aim of this work was to develop stable (>2 years) doxycycline formulation, at clinically relevant concentrations and using clinically relevant formulation. Doxycycline has a MMP- inhibitory effects that is important for the treatment of various oral mucosal conditions. Therefore, protecting doxycycline from degradation in aqueous formulation requires halting or prevention of oxidation and epimerisation of the active compound. METHODS Stabilizing excipients were intuitively put together to enhance the stability as a cumulative effort. A total of 30 hydrogels were compared with different types and concentrations of stability enhancing excipients, pH, storage temperatures (4, 25 and 40°C) and mucoadhesive polymers. The duration of the study was from day 1 and up to 58 months. The gelation temperature was adjusted below the actual body temperature. The complexation efficiency between the doxycycline and HPβCD was studied using the DSC, FTIR and XRPD. RESULTS The majority of formulations at 4°C were highly stable by the end of 58 months and their stabilities were improved at all 3 temperatures. CONCLUSION In conclusion, it is possible to prevent doxycycline from both oxidation and epimerization in an aqueous formulation, for up to 5 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venu G R Patlolla
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - William P Holbrook
- Faculty of Odontology, University of Iceland, Vatnsmýrarvegi 16, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Sveinbjorn Gizurarson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thordis Kristmundsdottir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Wound Healing Effect of Doxycycline after Corneal Alkali Burn in Rats. J Ophthalmol 2019; 2019:5168652. [PMID: 31687199 PMCID: PMC6811797 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5168652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the wound healing effect of doxycycline and its underlying mechanisms in a rat model of corneal alkali burn. Methods Male SD rats were administered 1.0 N NaOH in the right cornea for 25 seconds and randomly divided into the doxycycline group and the control group, with 84 rats in each group. 1.0 g·L−1 doxycycline eye drops (doxycycline group) or vehicle (control group) was topically instilled onto the rat cornea after chemical injury. Three days, 7 days, and 14 days after alkali burn, microscopy was used to observe corneal wound healing by fluorescein staining and the degree of corneal opacity. The expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was detected by RT-PCR and ELISA, alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) levels were measured by immunofluorescent staining, and Western blot assays for TGF-β1, a-SMA, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were also performed. Results Corneal wound healing and corneal opacity scores were better in the doxycycline group than in the control group. Three, 7, and 14 days after corneal alkali burn, a significant increase in TGF-β1 was observed in corneas from the control group, compared with the corneas from the doxycycline group (P < 0.05). The corneal levels of MMP-9 in the doxycycline group were lower than those in the control group 3 days and 7 days after alkali burn (P < 0.05). In addition, doxycycline inhibited α-SMA expression and suppressed NF-κB expression. Conclusion Doxycycline treatment promoted corneal healing and reduced corneal opacity in SD rats. Doxycycline protected the cornea from alkali burn injury by reducing TGF-β1, MMP-9, NF-κB, and α-SMA expression.
Collapse
|
6
|
Aşula MF, Onur IU, Yigit FU. Efficacy of fumagillin bicyclohexylamine on experimental corneal neovascularization in rat model. Int Ophthalmol 2019; 39:1553-1558. [PMID: 30006905 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-018-0964-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fumagillin has been previously used to treat corneal microsporidial keratitis and also identified as an angiogenesis inhibitor. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy of fumagillin bicyclohexylamine on the rat model of corneal neovascularization induced by silver nitrate cauterization. METHODS Twenty-four Albino Wistar rats (n = 24) were divided into three groups. Following silver nitrate-induced corneal injury, eyes in Group 1 received one drop of 5 mg/mL topical fumagillin bicyclohexylamine four times daily for 10 days. Group 2 received subconjunctival injection of 0.1 mL fumagillin bicyclohexylamine (2.5 mg/mL) on day 1 and day 5. Group 3 received artificial tears and lubricants four times daily for 10 days as control. On day 10, animals were sacrificed. Corneal specimens were obtained and prepared to assess vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-C) levels and corneal angiogenic microvessel density. RESULTS There was no significant difference in VEGF-C levels between the groups (P = 0.994). Assessment of angiogenic microvessel density for peripheral corneal zone also did not reveal significant difference between the groups (P = 0.113). However, mean vascular density in Group 1 and Group 2 was significantly higher for both midperipheral and central corneal zones in comparison with Group 3 (P = 0.003, P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Previously proved to be effective for treatment of microsporidial keratitis in humans, topical and subconjunctival concentration or dosing of fumagillin bicyclohexylamine failed to reduce corneal neovascularization induced by silver nitrate in this study. Further studies comparing different concentrations and dosing may detect inhibitory effects of fumagillin on corneal neovascularization without inducing toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Fatih Aşula
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Tevfik Saglam Caddesi No: 11 Zuhuratbaba, 34147, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - I Umut Onur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Tevfik Saglam Caddesi No: 11 Zuhuratbaba, 34147, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - F Ulviye Yigit
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Tevfik Saglam Caddesi No: 11 Zuhuratbaba, 34147, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ekim Y, Kara S, Gencer B, Karaca T. Efficacy of Sunitinib, Sunitinib-Hesperetin, and Sunitinib-Doxycycline Combinations on Experimentally-Induced Corneal Neovascularization. Curr Eye Res 2019; 44:590-598. [PMID: 30803276 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2019.1584320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the preventive effects of topical sunitinib, sunitinib-hesperetin and sunitinib-doxycycline combinations on corneal neovascularization (CNV), apoptosis and fibrosis in a corneal alkali burn model. Materials and Methods: The corneas of 32 Wistar albino rats were cauterized with silver nitrate to induce CNV. Four groups were created receiving artificial tears (sham), sunitinib (0.5 mg/ml), sunitinib-hesperetin (0.5 mg/ml-0.2 mg/ml), and sunitinib-doxycycline (0.5 mg/ml-20 mg/ml) treatments. Corneal photographs were taken on days 0, 7 and 15. Photographs of the cornea were digitally analyzed to measure the size of the neovascularization area in comparison to the total corneal surface area. On the 15th day, the animals were euthanized, and the eyes were enucleated for immunohistochemical staining to investigate neovascularization, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Results: CNV areas on the 7th day in the sunitinib (4.8% ± 0.07%) and sunitinib-hesperetin (1.1% ± 0.03%) groups were smaller than those in the sham group (33.9% ± 0.12%) (p = 0.001 and, p < 0.001 respectively). On the 15th day, the CNV area in the sunitinib-hesperetin (20.8% ± 0.37%) group was significantly smaller than that of the sham group (74.6% ± 0.32%) (p = 0.039). The combination groups had lower levels of VEGF, TUNEL and α-SMA positivity than the sunitinib monotherapy group. TUNEL positivity was lowest in the sunitinib-hesperetin and sunitinib-doxycycline groups, and α-SMA positivity was lowest in the sunitinib-hesperetin group. Conclusion: Topical sunitinib-hesperetin was more effective than sunitinib alone and the sunitinib-doxycycline combination in the treatment of CNV. The combination of sunitinib and hesperetin seems to be a promising treatment for preventing corneal fibrosis and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Ekim
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Canakkale State Hospital , Canakkale , Turkey
| | - Selcuk Kara
- b Dunyagoz Eye Hospitals , Istanbul , Turkey
| | | | - Turan Karaca
- c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology , Trakya University , Edirne , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bodoki E, Vostinaru O, Samoila O, Dinte E, Bodoki AE, Swetledge S, Astete CE, Sabliov CM. Topical nanodelivery system of lutein for the prevention of selenite-induced cataract. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 15:188-197. [PMID: 30312662 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cataracts are responsible for half of the world blindness, surgery being the only viable treatment. Lutein, a naturally occurring carotenoid in the eye, has the potential to reduce cataract progression by protecting the eye from photo-oxidative stress. To restore the eye's natural line of defense against photo-oxidative stress, a formulation was developed using zein and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in an optimized bioadhesive thermosensitive gel for the delivery of lutein via topical application. Cataracts were induced in Crl:WI rats via selenite injection at 13 days post-partum, followed by 7 days of treatment with free lutein or lutein-loaded NPs administered orally or topically. Cataract severity was significantly reduced in rats treated with topical applications of lutein-loaded NPs compared to the positive control, while no significant differences were observed in rats treated with other lutein formulations including oral and topically applied free lutein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ede Bodoki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Oliviu Vostinaru
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Physiopathology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Samoila
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Ophtalmology Clinic Cluj, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Dinte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea E Bodoki
- General and Inorganic Chemistry Department, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sean Swetledge
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Carlos E Astete
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Cristina M Sabliov
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Roshandel D, Eslani M, Baradaran-Rafii A, Cheung AY, Kurji K, Jabbehdari S, Maiz A, Jalali S, Djalilian AR, Holland EJ. Current and emerging therapies for corneal neovascularization. Ocul Surf 2018; 16:398-414. [PMID: 29908870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cornea is unique because of its complete avascularity. Corneal neovascularization (CNV) can result from a variety of etiologies including contact lens wear; corneal infections; and ocular surface diseases due to inflammation, chemical injury, and limbal stem cell deficiency. Management is focused primarily on the etiology and pathophysiology causing the CNV and involves medical and surgical options. Because inflammation is a key factor in the pathophysiology of CNV, corticosteroids and other anti-inflammatory medications remain the mainstay of treatment. Anti-VEGF therapies are gaining popularity to prevent CNV in a number of etiologies. Surgical options including vessel occlusion and ocular surface reconstruction are other options depending on etiology and response to medical therapy. Future therapies should provide more effective treatment options for the management of CNV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danial Roshandel
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Medi Eslani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Cincinnati Eye Institute, Edgewood, KY/ University of Cincinnati, Department of Ophthalmology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alireza Baradaran-Rafii
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Albert Y Cheung
- Cincinnati Eye Institute, Edgewood, KY/ University of Cincinnati, Department of Ophthalmology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Khaliq Kurji
- Cincinnati Eye Institute, Edgewood, KY/ University of Cincinnati, Department of Ophthalmology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sayena Jabbehdari
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alejandra Maiz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Setareh Jalali
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Edward J Holland
- Cincinnati Eye Institute, Edgewood, KY/ University of Cincinnati, Department of Ophthalmology, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
DALGAKIRAN D, İNAN T, GÜNER FS. Investigation of photoinduced polymerization of doxycycline-imprinted hydrogels: effect of template on initiator reactivity, conversion, and reaction rate. Turk J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.3906/kim-1701-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
11
|
Ke Y, Wu Y, Cui X, Liu X, Yu M, Yang C, Li X. Polysaccharide hydrogel combined with mesenchymal stem cells promotes the healing of corneal alkali burn in rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119725. [PMID: 25789487 PMCID: PMC4366244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal chemical burns are common ophthalmic injuries that may result in permanent visual impairment. Although significant advances have been achieved on the treatment of such cases, the structural and functional restoration of a chemical burn-injured cornea remains challenging. The applications of polysaccharide hydrogel and subconjunctival injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to promote the healing of corneal wounds. In this study, polysaccharide was extracted from Hardy Orchid and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were derived from Sprague-Dawley rats. Supplementation of the polysaccharide significantly enhanced the migration rate of primarily cultured rat corneal epithelial cells. We examined the therapeutic effects of polysaccharide in conjunction with MSCs application on the healing of corneal alkali burns in rats. Compared with either treatment alone, the combination strategy resulted in significantly better recovery of corneal epithelium and reduction in inflammation, neovascularization and opacity of healed cornea. Polysaccharide and MSCs acted additively to increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (TGF-β), antiangiogenic cytokine (TSP-1) and decrease those promoting inflammation (TNF-α), chemotaxis (MIP-1α and MCP-1) and angiogenesis (VEGF and MMP-2). This study provided evidence that Hardy Orchid derived polysaccharide and MSCs are safe and effective treatments for corneal alkali burns and that their benefits are additive when used in combination. We concluded that combination therapy with polysaccharide and MSCs is a promising clinical treatment for corneal alkali burns and may be applicable for other types of corneal disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Ke
- TianjinMedical University Eye Hospital, The College of Optometry,Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yixiang Wu
- TianjinMedical University Eye Hospital, The College of Optometry,Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Cui
- TianjinMedical University Eye Hospital, The College of Optometry,Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xun Liu
- TianjinMedical University Eye Hospital, The College of Optometry,Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Yu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunbo Yang
- TianjinMedical University Eye Hospital, The College of Optometry,Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail: (CY); (XL)
| | - Xiaorong Li
- TianjinMedical University Eye Hospital, The College of Optometry,Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail: (CY); (XL)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Inhibition of corneal neovascularization by topical and subconjunctival tigecycline. J Ophthalmol 2014; 2014:452685. [PMID: 25197558 PMCID: PMC4150514 DOI: 10.1155/2014/452685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the effects of topical and subconjunctival tigecycline on the prevention of corneal neovascularization. Materials and Methods. Following chemical burn, thirty-two rats were treated daily with topical instillation of 1 mg/mL tigecycline (group 1) or subconjunctival instillation of 1 mg/mL tigecycline (group 3) for 7 days. Control rats received topical (group 2) or subconjunctival (group 4) 0.9% saline. Digital photographs of the cornea were taken on the eighth day after treatment and analyzed to determine the percentage area of the cornea covered by neovascularization. Corneal sections were analyzed histopathologically. Results. The median percentages of corneal neovascularization in groups 1 and 3 were 48% (95% confidence interval (CI), 44.2-55.8%) and 33.5% (95% CI, 26.6-39.2%), respectively. The median percentages of corneal neovascularization of groups 1 and 3 were significantly lower than that of the control group (P = 0.03 and P < 0.001, resp.). Histologic examination of samples from groups 1 and 3 showed lower vascularity than that of control groups. Conclusion. Topical and subconjunctival administration of tigecycline seems to be showing promising therapeutic effects on the prevention of corneal neovascularization. Furthermore, subconjunctival administration of tigecycline is more potent than topical administration in the inhibition of corneal neovascularization.
Collapse
|
13
|
Pokharkar V, Patil V, Mandpe L. Engineering of polymer-surfactant nanoparticles of doxycycline hydrochloride for ocular drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2014; 22:955-68. [PMID: 24601827 PMCID: PMC11132597 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.893381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Physiologic barriers of the eye, short precorneal drug residence time and poor corneal penetration are the few reasons for reduced ocular bioavailability. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to develop novel polymer-surfactant nanoparticles of hydrophilic drug doxycycline hydrochloride (DXY) to improve precorneal residence time and drug penetration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nanoparticles were formulated using emulsion cross-linking method and the formulation was optimized using factorial design. The prepared formulation was characterized for particle size, ζ potential, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro drug release and ex vivo drug diffusion studies. The antibacterial activity studies were also carried out against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using the cup-plate method. In vivo eye irritation study was carried out by a modified Draize test in rabbits. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The particle size was found to be in the range of 331-850 nm. About 45-80% of the drug was found to be encapsulated in the nanoparticles. In vitro release demonstrated sustained release profile. Lower flux values in case of nanoparticles as compared to DXY pure drug solution in ex vivo diffusion studies confirmed the sustained release. The nanoparticles were found to be significantly effective (p < 0.001) than DXY aqueous solution due to sustained release of doxycycline from nanoparticles in both the E. coli and S. aureus strains. The formulation was found to be stable over entire stability period. CONCLUSION The developed formulation is safe and suitable for sustained ocular drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Pokharkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikram Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Leenata Mandpe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Horwitz V, Dachir S, Cohen M, Gutman H, Cohen L, Fishbine E, Brandeis R, Turetz J, Amir A, Gore A, Kadar T. The beneficial effects of doxycycline, an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, on sulfur mustard-induced ocular pathologies depend on the injury stage. Curr Eye Res 2014; 39:803-12. [PMID: 24502433 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2013.874443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sulfur mustard (SM) induces acute ocular lesions, including erosions and inflammation that may be followed by delayed injuries expressed by epithelial defects and neovascularization (NV). Based on the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity, we evaluated the clinical and biochemical effects of topical treatment with doxycycline, an MMP inhibitor, targeted to the various injury stages. METHODS Rabbit eyes were exposed to SM vapor. A clinical follow-up was carried out up to 2 months. Tear fluid and cornea samples were collected at different time points for measurements of MMPs activity by zymography. Efficacy of a post-exposure topical doxycycline (2 mg/ml in phosphate buffer saline, ×4/d), targeted to the different phases of the clinical injury, was evaluated. RESULTS Elevated MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities were found in all corneas during the acute injury and in vascularized corneas during the delayed pathology. In the tear fluid, high MMP-9 activity and negligible MMP-2 activity were found in all the exposed eyes until after the appearance of the delayed pathology symptoms. Prolonged doxycycline treatment reduced MMP-9 activity in the tear fluid. During the acute phase, doxycycline treatment reduced corneal MMP-9 activity and the severity of the injury. Targeting the delayed pathology, doxycycline was clinically efficient only when treatment began before NV appearance. CONCLUSIONS This in vivo study showed the involvement of MMP-9 and MMP-2 during different phases of the SM-induced ocular injury, and the potential of doxycycline treatment as a post exposure measure for reducing the acute injury and as a preventive therapy for ameliorating the delayed pathology. The tear fluid provided a non-invasive method for continuous follow-up of MMPs activity and revealed additional beneficial aspects of injury and the treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vered Horwitz
- Department of Pharmacology, Israel Institute for Biological Research , Ness Ziona , Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Z, He Z, Zhang L, Zhang H, Zhang M, Wen X, Quan G, Huang X, Pan X, Wu C. Optimization of a doxycycline hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex based on computational modeling. Acta Pharm Sin B 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
16
|
Zhang H, Chen M, He Z, Wang Z, Zhang M, He Z, Wan Q, Liang D, Repka MA, Wu C. Molecular modeling-based inclusion mechanism and stability studies of doxycycline and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complex for ophthalmic delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:10-8. [PMID: 23160918 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-012-9877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prepare a stable complex of doxycycline (Doxy) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) for ophthalmic delivery and investigate the inclusion mechanism and the inclusion effects on the stability of Doxy. The Doxy/HPβCD complex was prepared by solution stirring and then characterized by scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Based on results of nuclear magnetic resonance, molecular model of Doxy/HPβCD complex was established using computational simulation of PM3 method implemented in Gaussian 03. Stabilities of Doxy/HPβCD complex in both aqueous solution and solid state at 25°C were evaluated by HPLC. Finally, in vitro antibacterial activity of the Doxy/HPβCD complex was evaluated by disk diffusion test. It was found that the stabilities of Doxy/HPβCD complex in both aqueous solution and solid state were improved obviously as compared with Doxy alone. This stability enhancement is consistent with the inclusion mechanism between HPβCD and Doxy, which showed that the unstable site of Doxy molecule at 6-CH3 was protected in the hydrophobic cavity of HPβCD, additionally, the chelation of Mg2+ provided a synergetic protection of the other unstable site of Doxy at 4-N(CH3)2. The antibacterial activity results indicated that Doxy/HPβCD complex might have potential for clinical applications.
Collapse
|
17
|
Yan L, Wu W, Wang Z, Li C, Lu X, Duan H, Zhou J, Wang X, Wan P, Song Y, Tang J, Han Y. Comparative study of the effects of recombinant human epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor on corneal epithelial wound healing and neovascularization in vivo and in vitro. Ophthalmic Res 2012; 49:150-60. [PMID: 23258255 DOI: 10.1159/000343775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on corneal wound healing and neovascularization (CNV). METHODS The positive effects of 10 ng/ml rhEGF and bFGF on the proliferation of corneal epithelial cells (SD-HCEC1s), rabbit keratocyte cells (RKCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as well as the effects on the migration capacity on HUVECs were observed. An animal central corneal wound and CNV model was established in rabbits. One eye of each group was chosen randomly for topical administration of rhEGF, bFGF or normal saline, and variability in the area of corneal epithelial wound healing and CNV was observed. RESULTS The optimal concentration of rhEGF and bFGF for the proliferation of corneal epithelial cells was 10 ng/ml. The promotive effect of 10 ng/ml rhEGF on the proliferation of RKCs and HUVECs was less than that of 10 ng/ml bFGF. In the animal experiment, the healing rate of the corneal epithelium in the rhEGF group was better than in the other groups on day 1. On day 3, the healing rates of the 3 groups were nearly equal. The CNV area in the rhEGF group was less than that of the bFGF group. CONCLUSIONS rhEGF and bFGF both had promotive effects on corneal epithelial wound healing, but rhEGF had a weaker promotive effect on CNV than bFGF. With long-term application of growth factor drugs, rhEGF is suggested for lessening the growth of CNV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limeng Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xiao O, Xie ZL, Lin BW, Yin XF, Pi RB, Zhou SY. Minocycline inhibits alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41858. [PMID: 22848638 PMCID: PMC3405025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of minocycline on alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization (CNV). A total of 105 mice treated with alkali burns were randomly divided into three groups to receive intraperitoneal injections of either phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or minocycline twice a day (60 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days. The area of CNV and corneal epithelial defects was measured on day 4, 7, 10, and14 after alkali burns. On day 14, a histopathological examination was performed to assess morphological change and the infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). The mRNA expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), interleukin-1α, 1β, 6 (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6) were analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins was determined by gelatin zymography. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the protein levels of VEGFR1, VEGFR2, IL-1β and IL-6. Minocycline at a dose of 60 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg significantly enhanced the recovery of the corneal epithelial defects more than PBS did. There were significant decreases of corneal neovascularization in the group of high-dosage minocycline compared with the control group at all checkpoints. On day 14, the infiltrated PMNs was reduced, and the mRNA expression of VEGFR1, VEGFR2, bFGF, IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-2, MMP-9, -13 as well as the protein expression of VEGFR2, MMP-2, -9, IL-1β, IL-6 in the corneas were down-regulated with the use of 60 mg/kg minocycline twice a day. Our results showed that the intraperitoneal injection of minocycline (60 mg/kg b.i.d.) can significantly inhibit alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization in mice, possibly by accelerating corneal wound healing and by reducing the production of angiogenic factors, inflammatory cytokines and MMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ou Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-lian Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin-wu Lin
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-fang Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-biao Pi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (S-YZ); (R-BP)
| | - Shi-you Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (S-YZ); (R-BP)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li Z, Yao L, Li J, Zhang W, Wu X, Liu Y, Lin M, Su W, Li Y, Liang D. Celastrol nanoparticles inhibit corneal neovascularization induced by suturing in rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:1163-73. [PMID: 22419865 PMCID: PMC3298384 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s27860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Celastrol, a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used in anti-inflammation and anti-angiogenesis research. However, the poor water solubility of celastrol restricts its further application. This paper aims to study the effect of celastrol nanoparticles (CNPs) on corneal neovascularization (CNV) and determine the possible mechanism. METHODS To improve the hydrophilicity of celastrol, celastrol-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) nanopolymeric micelles were developed. The characterization of CNPs was measured by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy analysis. Celastrol loading content and release were assessed by ultraviolet-visible analysis and high performance liquid chromatography, respectively. In vitro, human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation and capillary-like tube formation were assayed. In vivo, suture-induced CNV was chosen to evaluate the effect of CNPs on CNV in rats. Immunohistochemistry for CD68 assessed the macrophage infiltration of the cornea on day 6 after surgery. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate the messenger ribonucleic acid and protein levels, respectively, of vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in the cornea. RESULTS The mean diameter of CNPs with spherical shape was 48 nm. The celastrol loading content was 7.36%. The release behavior of CNPs in buffered solution (pH 7.4) showed a typical two-phase release profile. CNPs inhibited the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a dose-independent manner and suppressed the capillary structure formation. After treatment with CNPs, the length and area of CNV reduced from 1.16 ± 0.18 mm to 0.49 ± 0.12 mm and from 7.71 ± 0.94 mm(2) to 2.29 ± 0.61 mm(2), respectively. Macrophage infiltration decreased significantly in the CNP-treated corneas. CNPs reduced the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in the cornea on day 6 after suturing. CONCLUSION CNPs significantly inhibited suture-induced CNV by suppressing macrophage infiltration and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in the rat cornea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yao L, Li ZR, Su WR, Li YP, Lin ML, Zhang WX, Liu Y, Wan Q, Liang D. Role of mesenchymal stem cells on cornea wound healing induced by acute alkali burn. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30842. [PMID: 22363499 PMCID: PMC3281878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of subconjunctivally administered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on corneal wound healing in the acute stage of an alkali burn. A corneal alkali burn model was generated by placing a piece of 3-mm diameter filter paper soaked in NaOH on the right eye of 48 Sprague-Dawley female rats. 24 rats were administered a subconjunctival injection of a suspension of 2×10(6) MSCs in 0.1 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) on day 0 and day 3 after the corneal alkali burn. The other 24 rats were administered a subconjunctival injection of an equal amount of PBS as a control. Deficiencies of the corneal epithelium and the area of corneal neovascularization (CNV) were evaluated on days 3 and 7 after the corneal alkali burn. Infiltrated CD68(+) cells were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The mRNA expression levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). In addition, VEGF protein levels were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MSCs significantly enhanced the recovery of the corneal epithelium and decreased the CNV area compared with the control group. On day 7, the quantity of infiltrated CD68(+) cells was significantly lower in the MSC group and the mRNA levels of MIP-1α, TNF-α, and VEGF and the protein levels of VEGF were also down-regulated. However, the expression of MCP-1 was not different between the two groups. Our results suggest that subconjunctival injection of MSCs significantly accelerates corneal wound healing, attenuates inflammation and reduces CNV in alkaline-burned corneas; these effects were found to be related to a reduction of infiltrated CD68(+) cells and the down-regulation of MIP-1α, TNF-α and VEGF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-rong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-ru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-li Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|