1
|
Merle BM, Schweitzer C, Rougier MB, Cougnard-Grégoire A, Gayraud L, Delyfer MN, Korobelnik JF, Delcourt C. Associations of circulating vitamins with 10-year retinal neurodegeneration: the Alienor Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100286. [PMID: 38861880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between circulating vitamins A, D, E, B6, B9, B12 and longitudinal changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. METHODS The Alienor study, a prospective population-based cohort (Bordeaux, France), includes 963 individuals aged 73 years or older at baseline. The present study included 646 participants with complete RNFL measurement and vitamins. Study period is from 2009 to 2020. Peripapillary RNFL thickness was measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Plasma vitamins A, D and E and, serum vitamins B6, B9 and B12 were measured from blood sample. We performed linear mixed models, adjusted for age, gender, axial length, family history of glaucoma, and alcohol consumption to evaluated associations between vitamins and RNFL thickness changes over time. RESULTS Individuals having higher concentrations of vitamin E, D and B9 had a slower RNFL thinning during the 10-years of follow-up. Indeed, a 1-standard deviation (SD) increase of vitamin E (10.8 μmol/L), D (17.6 nmol/L) and B9 (11 μmol/L) were associated with slower RNFL thinning by 0.14 μm/year (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.03-0.25, p = 0.01), 0.14 μm/year (95% CI, 0.02-0.27, p = 0.02) and 0.11 μm/year (95% CI: 0.007-0.21, p = 0.04), respectively. No significant associations were observed for vitamins A, B6 and B12 with RNFL thinning. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of vitamins E, D and B9 were associated with a slower RNFL thickness on SD-OCT over time, suggesting that those vitamins may contribute to the neuroprotection of the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cédric Schweitzer
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Ophtalmologie, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Laure Gayraud
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Delyfer
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Ophtalmologie, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-François Korobelnik
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Ophtalmologie, Bordeaux, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hou J, Wen Y, Gao S, Jiang Z, Tao L. Association of dietary intake of B vitamins with glaucoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8539. [PMID: 38609427 PMCID: PMC11014949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated the association between glaucoma and B vitamin dietary intake. A total of 5025 enrolled individuals participated in self-reported glaucoma questionnaire and 3264 participated in International Society Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology (ISGEO) criteria. In self-reported glaucoma, the risk of having self-reported glaucoma was lower in the third quartile of vitamin B1 intake (odds ratio [odds ratio [OR] 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40-0.97), and P trend (P trend = 0.004) for vitamin B12 was significant; in males, the third quartile of vitamin B1 intake (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.24-0.83) and the fourth quartile of vitamin B2 intake (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.17-0.89) were associated with a lower risk. In glaucoma based on ISGEO criteria, the increase of niacin intake (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89-0.99) was negatively associated with the odds of self-reported glaucoma. After sex-stratified analysis, the third quartile of vitamin B6 intake (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.08-0.60) in males were associated with reduced odds of glaucoma. The restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a nonlinear association of vitamin B2 (p for nonlinearity = 0.04) and B9 (p for nonlinearity = 0.024) intake with glaucoma diagnosed by ISGEO criteria in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sijia Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhengxuan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee JY, Choi JA, Park SP, Jee D. Association Between High Blood Folate Levels and Glaucoma in a Representative Korean Population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:6. [PMID: 38170538 PMCID: PMC10768708 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the association between folate levels and the prevalence of glaucoma. Methods This nationwide population-based cross-sectional study included 1790 participants aged ≥40 years. We analyzed data regarding the participants obtained in the 2016-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The diagnosis of glaucoma was defined according to the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between blood folate levels and glaucoma. Results There was a significantly lower prevalence of glaucoma in the highest quartile of blood folate levels than in the lowest quartile, after adjusting for confounding factors such as age, sex, systemic hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 0.470; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.291-0.759; P for trend = 0.017). There was a significantly lower risk of glaucoma in the highest quartile of blood folate levels than in the lowest quartile among women (OR = 0.188; 95% CI, 0.099-0.357; P for trend <0.001) and younger participants (OR =0.443; 95% CI, 0.229-0.856; P for trend = 0.045). Conclusions Our findings indicate a strong inverse correlation between blood folate levels and glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, Daejeon St. Marys’ Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin A. Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Pyo Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghyun Jee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Musa M, Zeppieri M, Atuanya GN, Enaholo ES, Topah EK, Ojo OM, Salati C. Nutritional Factors: Benefits in Glaucoma and Ophthalmologic Pathologies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051120. [PMID: 37240765 DOI: 10.3390/life13051120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy that can lead to irreversible functional and morphological damage if left untreated. The gold standard therapeutic approaches in managing patients with glaucoma and limiting progression include local drops, laser, and/or surgery, which are all geared at reducing intraocular pressure (IOP). Nutrients, antioxidants, vitamins, organic compounds, and micronutrients have been gaining increasing interest in the past decade as integrative IOP-independent strategies to delay or halt glaucomatous retinal ganglion cell degeneration. In our minireview, we examine the various nutrients and compounds proposed in the current literature for the management of ophthalmology diseases, especially for glaucoma. With respect to each substance considered, this minireview reports the molecular and biological characteristics, neuroprotective activities, antioxidant properties, beneficial mechanisms, and clinical studies published in the past decade in the field of general medicine. This study highlights the potential benefits of these substances in glaucoma and other ophthalmologic pathologies. Nutritional supplementation can thus be useful as integrative IOP-independent strategies in the management of glaucoma and in other ophthalmologic pathologies. Large multicenter clinical trials based on functional and morphologic data collected over long follow-up periods in patients with IOP-independent treatments can pave the way for alternative and/or coadjutant therapeutic options in the management of glaucoma and other ocular pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Efioshiomoshi Kings Topah
- Department of Optometry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences Bayero University, Kano 700006, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwasola Michael Ojo
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Łukasik U, Bartosińska J, Kosior-Jarecka E, Wróbel-Dudzińska D, Krasowska D, Żarnowski T. Results of Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy in Patients with Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040967. [PMID: 37109496 PMCID: PMC10144131 DOI: 10.3390/life13040967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nailfold videocapillaroscopic examination results from patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (XFG) and to assess the relationship between the results of this examination and the patient's clinical status in the XFG group. MATERIAL AND METHODS The studied group consisted of 39 Caucasian patients with XFG and 32 patients in a control group. The patients were classified into two subgroups: the hypertensive pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (hXFG) subgroup and the normotensive pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (nXFG) subgroup. The nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) was performed on all participants. The results of each NVC were classified as having a normal or abnormal pattern. RESULTS There was no statistical difference between the results of an abnormal NVC pattern in the study group vs. the control group (p = 0.8773). Microhemorrhages were shown in 30.0% of patients with nXFG vs. the control group (6.25%) (p = 0.0520). Microhemorrhages tended to be more frequent in the XFG group (p = 0.1221). A prevalent number of tortuous capillaries was observed in hXFG patients with advanced glaucomatous neuropathy. Dilatation in the capillaries and microbleedings were observed in the group of patients with lower IOP values. Tortuosity in the capillaries was significantly more frequent in PEXG patients (XFG vs. control: p = 0.0386). No relationships between the results of NVC and age, c/d, BCVA, time of treatment, and visual field defect were found. CONCLUSIONS Specific features of NVC examination differentiate nXFG from hXFG patients. Some capillaroscopic features may correlate with the patient's clinical status of XFG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Łukasik
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Bartosińska
- Department of Cosmetology and Aesthetic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Kosior-Jarecka
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dominika Wróbel-Dudzińska
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dorota Krasowska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Pediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Żarnowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hirbo JB, Pasutto F, Gamazon ER, Evans P, Pawar P, Berner D, Sealock J, Tao R, Straub PS, Konkashbaev AI, Breyer MA, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Reis A, Brantley MA, Khor CC, Joos KM, Cox NJ. Analysis of genetically determined gene expression suggests role of inflammatory processes in exfoliation syndrome. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:75. [PMID: 36797672 PMCID: PMC9936777 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09179-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is an age-related systemic disorder characterized by excessive production and progressive accumulation of abnormal extracellular material, with pathognomonic ocular manifestations. It is the most common cause of secondary glaucoma, resulting in widespread global blindness. The largest global meta-analysis of XFS in 123,457 multi-ethnic individuals from 24 countries identified seven loci with the strongest association signal in chr15q22-25 region near LOXL1. Expression analysis have so far correlated coding and a few non-coding variants in the region with LOXL1 expression levels, but functional effects of these variants is unclear. We hypothesize that analysis of the contribution of the genetically determined component of gene expression to XFS risk can provide a powerful method to elucidate potential roles of additional genes and clarify biology that underlie XFS. RESULTS Transcriptomic Wide Association Studies (TWAS) using PrediXcan models trained in 48 GTEx tissues leveraging on results from the multi-ethnic and European ancestry GWAS were performed. To eliminate the possibility of false-positive results due to Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) contamination, we i) performed PrediXcan analysis in reduced models removing variants in LD with LOXL1 missense variants associated with XFS, and variants in LOXL1 models in both multiethnic and European ancestry individuals, ii) conducted conditional analysis of the significant signals in European ancestry individuals, and iii) filtered signals based on correlated gene expression, LD and shared eQTLs, iv) conducted expression validation analysis in human iris tissues. We observed twenty-eight genes in chr15q22-25 region that showed statistically significant associations, which were whittled down to ten genes after statistical validations. In experimental analysis, mRNA transcript levels for ARID3B, CD276, LOXL1, NEO1, SCAMP2, and UBL7 were significantly decreased in iris tissues from XFS patients compared to control samples. TWAS genes for XFS were significantly enriched for genes associated with inflammatory conditions. We also observed a higher incidence of XFS comorbidity with inflammatory and connective tissue diseases. CONCLUSION Our results implicate a role for connective tissues and inflammation pathways in the etiology of XFS. Targeting the inflammatory pathway may be a potential therapeutic option to reduce progression in XFS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jibril B Hirbo
- Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Francesca Pasutto
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Clare Hall and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Patrick Evans
- Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Priyanka Pawar
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Daniel Berner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Sealock
- Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Peter S Straub
- Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Anuar I Konkashbaev
- Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Max A Breyer
- Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg FAU, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Milam A Brantley
- Clare Hall and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Chiea C Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis St, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Karen M Joos
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kang JH, Zeleznik O, Frueh L, Lasky-Su J, Eliassen AH, Clish C, Rosner BA, Pasquale LR, Wiggs JL. Prediagnostic Plasma Metabolomics and the Risk of Exfoliation Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:15. [PMID: 35951322 PMCID: PMC9386645 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.9.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The etiology of exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) is poorly understood. We aimed to identify a prediagnostic plasma metabolomic signature associated with XFG. Methods We conducted a 1:1 matched case-control study nested within the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We collected blood samples in 1989-1990 (Nurses' Health Study) and 1993-1995 (Health Professionals Follow-up Study). We identified 205 incident XFG cases through 2016 (average time to diagnosis from blood draw = 11.8 years) who self-reported glaucoma and were confirmed as XFG cases with medical records. We profiled plasma metabolites using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We evaluated 379 known metabolites (transformed for normality using probit scores) using multiple conditional logistic models. Metabolite set enrichment analysis was used to identify metabolite classes associated with XFG. To adjust for multiple comparisons, we used number of effective tests (NEF) and the false discovery rate (FDR). Results Mean age of cases (n = 205) at diagnosis was 71 years; 85% were women and more than 99% were Caucasian; controls (n = 205) reported eye examinations as of the matched cases' index date. Thirty-three metabolites were nominally significantly associated with XFG (P < 0.05), and 4 metabolite classes were FDR-significantly associated. We observed positive associations for lysophosphatidylcholines (FDR = 0.02) and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens (FDR = 0.004) and inverse associations for triacylglycerols (FDR < 0.0001) and steroids (FDR = 0.03). In particular, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio with each 1 standard deviation higher plasma cortisone levels was 0.49 (95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.74; NEF = 0.05). Conclusions In plasma from a decade before diagnosis, lysophosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens were positively associated and triacylglycerols and steroids (e.g., cortisone) were inversely associated with XFG risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Oana Zeleznik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lisa Frueh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Clary Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Bernard A Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tribble JR, Hui F, Jöe M, Bell K, Chrysostomou V, Crowston JG, Williams PA. Targeting Diet and Exercise for Neuroprotection and Neurorecovery in Glaucoma. Cells 2021; 10:295. [PMID: 33535578 PMCID: PMC7912764 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. In glaucoma, a progressive dysfunction and death of retinal ganglion cells occurs, eliminating transfer of visual information to the brain. Currently, the only available therapies target the lowering of intraocular pressure, but many patients continue to lose vision. Emerging pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggests that metabolic deficiencies and defects may play an important role in glaucoma pathophysiology. While pre-clinical studies in animal models have begun to mechanistically uncover these metabolic changes, some existing clinical evidence already points to potential benefits in maintaining metabolic fitness. Modifying diet and exercise can be implemented by patients as an adjunct to intraocular pressure lowering, which may be of therapeutic benefit to retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James R. Tribble
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.R.T.); (M.J.)
| | - Flora Hui
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; (F.H.); (J.G.C.)
- Department of Optometry & Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Melissa Jöe
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.R.T.); (M.J.)
| | - Katharina Bell
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore; (K.B.); (V.C.)
| | - Vicki Chrysostomou
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore; (K.B.); (V.C.)
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jonathan G. Crowston
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia; (F.H.); (J.G.C.)
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore; (K.B.); (V.C.)
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Pete A. Williams
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Eye and Vision, St. Erik Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (J.R.T.); (M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Łukasik U, Kosior-Jarecka E, Wróbel-Dudzińska D, Kustra A, Milanowski P, Żarnowski T. Clinical Features of Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma in Treated Polish Patients. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:1373-1381. [PMID: 32546945 PMCID: PMC7247722 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s239371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to describe clinical characteristics of glaucomatous optic neuropathy in treated Polish patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. METHODS In the course of the study, 348 eyes of 231 patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. The patients involved in the study were treated in the Department of Diagnostic and Microsurgery of Glaucoma in Lublin between 2012 and 2019. The following parameters were assessed in the examination: visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy with evaluation of anterior segment of the eye, gonioscopic examination, stereoscopic fundus examination of the eye, intraocular pressure, visual field, and pachymetry. RESULTS The mean age of all the patients was 73.16 years (SD±8.03). The mean age of women was 74.06 (SD±6.97), and the mean age of men was 71.8 (SD±8.51, p=0.006265). Women represented 37.93% (n=132) of the studied group, while men 62.07% (n=216). In the group of patients younger than 65 years of age, 27.9% were male and 15% female (p=0.0021). In the whole studied group, mean peak IOP was 29.25 mmHg with higher mean values in male patients (M vs F: 33.24 mmHg vs 26.86 mmHg; p=0.000). Peak values exceeding 30 mmHg were significantly more frequent in males (M vs F: 56.5% vs 31.9%; p=0.0000). Peak IOP never exceeding 21 mmHg was observed in 18.6% of the patients. The mean value of MD (Mean Deviation) was -12.85 dB in the whole group. The men were more likely to have more advanced glaucoma, according to MD (M vs F: -16.35 dB vs -11.13 dB; p=0.0000). CONCLUSION Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma was more frequently observed in men with younger age, higher IOP, and more advanced glaucoma. Normotensive glaucoma was observed in 18.6% of the patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Łukasik
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Kosior-Jarecka
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dominika Wróbel-Dudzińska
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kustra
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Milanowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Żarnowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Relationship between homocysteine levels, anterior chamber depth, and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma in patients with pseudoexfoliation. Int Ophthalmol 2020; 40:1731-1737. [PMID: 32212027 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-020-01341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the relationship between plasma homocysteine levels, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. METHODS Sixty patients (F:M = 35:25) with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) were divided into two groups based on their plasma homocysteine levels; group 1 (< 20 µmol/L, normal) and group 2 (≥ 20 µmol/L, high). Intraocular pressure (IOP) and ACD values as well as plasma homocysteine levels were compared between the two groups. Moreover, the mean values for ACD and IOP were compared between patients stratified according to the reference upper limit for the homocysteine level (above and below 14 μmol/L), and the prevalence of high IOP was estimated. RESULTS Groups 1 and 2 showed no statistically significant differences in the mean ACD (3.04 ± 0.28 vs. 3.07 ± 0.31 mm, respectively) and mean IOP (20.63 ± 10.22 vs. 21.67 ± 7.55 mmHg, respectively). Patients with PEX and homocysteine levels > 14 μmol/L had a significantly increased prevalence (P < 0.05) of high IOP (≥ 22 mmHg). CONCLUSIONS Patients with PEX and high homocysteine levels have an increased prevalence of high IOP. No relationship exists between plasma homocysteine levels and ACD. Thus, PEXG should be suspected in patients with PEX and high plasma homocysteine levels. Plasma homocysteine levels could be helpful for the diagnosis of PEXG, although larger sample studies are required to confirm this finding.
Collapse
|
11
|
Greene AG, Eivers SB, Dervan EWJ, O'Brien CJ, Wallace DM. Lysyl Oxidase Like 1: Biological roles and regulation. Exp Eye Res 2020; 193:107975. [PMID: 32070696 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysyl Oxidase Like 1 (LOXL1) is a gene that encodes for the LOXL1 enzyme. This enzyme is required for elastin biogenesis and collagen cross-linking, polymerising tropoelastin monomers into elastin polymers. Its main role is in elastin homeostasis and matrix remodelling during injury, fibrosis and cancer development. Because of its vast range of biological functions, abnormalities in LOXL1 underlie many disease processes. Decreased LOXL1 expression is observed in disorders of elastin such as Cutis Laxa and increased expression is reported in fibrotic disease such as Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. LOXL1 is also downregulated in the lamina cribrosa in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and genetic variants in the LOXL1 gene have been linked with an increased risk of developing pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. However the two major risk alleles are reversed in certain ethnic groups and are present in a large proportion of the normal population, implying complex genetic and environmental regulation is involved in disease pathogenesis. It also appears that the non-coding variants in intron 1 of LOXL1 may be involved in the regulation of LOXL1 expression. Gene alteration may occur via a number of epigenetic and post translational mechanisms such as DNA methylation, long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs. These may represent future therapeutic targets for disease. Environmental factors such as hypoxia, oxidative stress and ultraviolet radiation exposure alter LOXL1 expression, and it is likely a combination of these genetic and environmental factors that influence disease development and progression. In this review, we discuss LOXL1 properties, biological roles and regulation in detail with a focus on pseudoexfoliation syndrome and glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison G Greene
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sarah B Eivers
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edward W J Dervan
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Colm J O'Brien
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Dept. of Ophthalmology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Deborah M Wallace
- UCD Clinical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
In this review, we present an update on biomarkers (both clinical and laboratory) on the basis of recent peer-reviewed publications relating to pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a common age-related matrix process resulting from excessive production and disordered assembly of elastic microfibrillar components into highly cross-linked fibrillary aggregates throughout the anterior eye segment and various organ systems. The underlying molecular pathophysiology involves a complex interplay of profibrotic protagonists including growth factors, proteolytic enzymes and inhibitors, proinflammatory cytokines, chaperones, and dysregulated stress response pathways including insufficient autophagy. Interaction between individual genetic predisposition and stress factors is a plausible theory explaining the development of XFS in the aging individual. Genome-wide association studies have identified robust genetic associations with LOXL1, CACNA1A, and 5 additional genes including POMP and TMEM136, which provide new biological insights into the pathology of XFS and highlight a role for abnormal matrix cross-linking processes, Ca channel deficiency, blood-aqueous barrier dysfunction, and abnormal ubiquitin-proteasome signaling in XFS pathophysiology. However, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms, the functional role of genetic risk variants, and gene-environment interactions still remain to be characterized.
Collapse
|
14
|
Atalay K, Savur F, Kirgiz A, Kaldırım H, Zengi O. Serum levels of thyroid hormone, vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid, C-reactive protein, and hemoglobin in Pseudoexfoliation and primary open angle Glaucoma. J Fr Ophtalmol 2019; 42:730-738. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
15
|
Maric V, Grgurevic A, Cirkovic A, Stankovic S, Marjanovic I, Milovanovic J, Milovanovic A, Bozic M. Nailfold capillary morphology and platelet function in patients with exfoliative glaucoma. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219505. [PMID: 31287835 PMCID: PMC6615605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the nailfold capillary morphological features in patients with exfoliative glaucoma (XFG) and compare them with those pertaining to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal controls and subjects with exfoliation syndrome (XFS). The second purpose was to investigate all parameters related to platelet function on the hemogram, including the platelet count (PLT), the mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) in patients with XFG. These parameters were subsequently compared with those belonging to normal controls, POAG and XFS subjects. Methods This case control study involved 152 consecutive patients that were examined at the Glaucoma Department of Clinic for Eye Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, as the referral center for glaucoma in Serbia, between June 2016 and December 2017. Results Regarding capillaroscopic characteristics, statistically significant difference was found in capillary diameter and tortuosity between the XFG and POAG group (p = 0.050 and p = 0.035) and the XFG and NC group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.044), as well as in the distribution of capillary loops and avascular zones between the XFG and NC group (p = 0.014 and p = 0.004). The subjects with XFG had lower PLT values compared to POAG patients (p = 0.022). Conclusions In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, this study marks the first attempt to evaluate capillary morphology as well as to investigate all parameters related to platelet function on the hemogram, in patients with newly diagnosed XFG. Our findings revealed nailfold capillary morphological vascular changes in XFG patients. The subjects with XFG had lower PLT values and a higher MPV serum parameter compared to normal controls and patients with POAG. Further research in this field should therefore aim to evaluate the consequences of the aforementioned microvascular abnormalities in patients with XFG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Maric
- Clinic for Eye Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
| | - Anita Grgurevic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andja Cirkovic
- Department for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Stankovic
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Marjanovic
- Clinic for Eye Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovica Milovanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxilofacial Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andjela Milovanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Medical Rehabilitation, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Bozic
- Clinic for Eye Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chung H, Arora S, Damji KF, Weis E. Association of pseudoexfoliation syndrome with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Ophthalmol 2019; 53:365-372. [PMID: 30119791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is a systemic disease, but evidence of its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVA) is controversial. A quantitative systematic review will provide an accurate summary of the current body of the literature. DESIGN Meta-analysis. PARTICIPANTS Not applicable. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of published and unpublished English-language studies was performed. Summary statistics were calculated using inverse variance weighting and are presented in forest plots. Sources of variance were evaluated statistically. RESULTS After screening 4547 studies, 47 articles were reviewed, and 25 eligible studies were selected that reported patients from around the world. Twenty studies enrolling 9583 individuals with PEX evaluated CVD, providing a summary odds ratio (OR) of 1.61 (95% CI 1.37-1.90). Eleven studies, enrolling 1308 PEX patients, evaluated CVA and generated a summary OR of 1.76 (1.40-2.22). For any vascular event (AVE) using all 25 studies, there were 9716 PEX patients and 363,312 control patients, yielding a summary OR of 1.64 (95% CI 1.39-1.92). Analysis for publication bias with the Egger's test was not significant for studies reporting CVD and AVE (p = 0.92 and 0.64, respectively) but was significant for CVA (p = 0.03). Asymmetry of Begg's funnel plot was noted for the CVA and AVE analyses. Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed, including assessment of study quality; the OR for all 3 outcomes varied minimally and remained significant in all analyses. CONCLUSION There is strong evidence that PEX is significantly associated with both CVD and CVA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Chung
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta
| | - Sourabh Arora
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Karim F Damji
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Ezekiel Weis
- Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta..
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ekström C, Wilger S, Wanhainen A. Pseudoexfoliation and aortic aneurysm: a long-term follow-up study. Acta Ophthalmol 2019; 97:80-83. [PMID: 30238683 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the relationship between pseudoexfoliation (PEX) and aortic aneurysm in a population with a high prevalence of PEX. METHODS Survival analyses were performed in a cohort of 735 residents aged 65-74 years, examined in a population survey in the municipality of Tierp, Sweden, 1984-1986. To expand the sample size, 1040 people were recruited by means of glaucoma case records established at the Eye Department in Tierp in 1978-2007. In this way, the cohort comprised 1775 subjects, representing more than 25 400 person-years at risk. Medical records and autopsy reports were reviewed to identify subjects diagnosed with aneurysm. Those with a follow-up time shorter than 1 year were excluded. RESULTS By the end of the study in September 2017, 60 new cases of aortic aneurysm had been found. Of these cases, 23% (14 subjects) were affected by PEX at baseline, compared with 28% among subjects without aneurysm. No association between PEX and aortic aneurysm was found (hazard ratio 0.97; 95% confidence interval 0.53-1.77). CONCLUSION In this population-based study, we were unable to verify a relationship between PEX and the development of aortic aneurysm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Curt Ekström
- Departments of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, and Surgical Sciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Sophia Wilger
- Departments of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, and Surgical Sciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anders Wanhainen
- Departments of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, and Surgical Sciences; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pasquale LR, Kang JH, Fan B, Levkovitch-Verbin H, Wiggs JL. LOXL1 Polymorphisms: Genetic Biomarkers that Presage Environmental Determinants of Exfoliation Syndrome. J Glaucoma 2018; 27 Suppl 1:S20-S23. [PMID: 29965898 PMCID: PMC6032530 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An agnostic high throughput search of the genome revealed a robust association between LOXL1 genetic polymorphisms and exfoliation syndrome (XFS), a discovery that likely would not have been possible with candidate or family-based gene search strategies. While questions remain regarding how LOXL1 gene variants contribute to XFS pathogenesis, it is clear that the frequencies of disease-related alleles do not track with the varying disease burden throughout the world, prompting a search for environmental risk factors. A geo-medicine approach revealed that disease load seemed to increase as a function of the distance from the equator. The exact reason for this extraequatorial disease distribution pattern remains unclear, but a greater amount of time spent outdoors is a robust risk factor for XFS, suggesting climatic factors such as ocular solar exposure and colder ambient temperature may be involved in disease pathogenesis. Prospective studies have also implicated higher coffee consumption and lower dietary folate intake in association with incident XFS. The discovery of environmental risk factors for XFS suggests that preventive measures may help to reduce ocular morbidity from XFS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis R. Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jae Hee Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - BaoJian Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hani Levkovitch-Verbin
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Tel Hashomer, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Navneet S, Cui X, Zhao J, Wang J, Kaidery NA, Thomas B, Bollinger KE, Yoon Y, Smith SB. Excess homocysteine upregulates the NRF2-antioxidant pathway in retinal Müller glial cells. Exp Eye Res 2018; 178:228-237. [PMID: 29608906 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of elevated homocysteine (Hcy) on the oxidative stress response in retinal Müller glial cells. Elevated Hcy has been implicated in retinal diseases including glaucoma and optic neuropathy, which are characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. To understand the mechanisms of Hcy-induced RGC loss, in vitro and in vivo models have been utilized. In vitro isolated RGCs are quite sensitive to elevated Hcy levels, while in vivo murine models of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) demonstrate a more modest RGC loss (∼20%) over a period of many months. This differential response to Hcy between isolated cells and the intact retina suggests that the retinal milieu invokes mechanisms that buffer excess Hcy. Oxidative stress has been implicated as a mechanism of Hcy-induced neuron loss and NRF2 is a transcription factor that plays a major role in regulating cytoprotective responses to oxidative stress. In the present study we investigated whether HHcy upregulates NRF2-mediated stress responses in Müller cells, the chief retinal glial cell responsible for providing trophic support to retinal neurons. Primary Müller cells were exposed to L-Hcy-thiolactone [50μM-10mM] and assessed for viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glutathione (GSH) levels. Gene/protein levels of Nrf2 and levels of NRF2-regulated antioxidants (NQO1, CAT, SOD2, HMOX1, GPX1) were assessed in Hcy-exposed Müller cells. Unlike isolated RGCs, isolated Müller cells are viable over a wide range of Hcy concentrations [50 μM - 1 mM]. Moreover, when exposed to elevated Hcy, Müller cells demonstrate decreased oxidative stress and decreased ROS levels. GSH levels increased by ∼20% within 24 h exposure to Hcy. Molecular analyses revealed 2-fold increase in Nrf2 expression. Expression of antioxidant genes Nqo1, Cat, Sod2, Hmox1, Gpx1 increased significantly. The consequences of Hcy exposure were evaluated also in Müller cells harvested from Nrf2-/- mice. In contrast to WT Müller cells, in which oxidative stress decreased upon exposure to Hcy, the Nrf2-/- Müller cells showed a significant increase in oxidative stress. Our data suggest that at least during early stages of Hhcy, a cytoprotective response may be in place, mediated in part by NRF2 in Müller cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Navneet
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Xuezhi Cui
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Kathryn E Bollinger
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Yisang Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Sylvia B Smith
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nazarali S, Damji F, Damji KF. What have we learned about exfoliation syndrome since its discovery by John Lindberg 100 years ago? Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 102:1342-1350. [PMID: 29567789 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a systemic disease with significant ocular manifestations, including glaucoma and cataract. The disease impacts close to 70 million people globally and is now recognised as the most common identifiable cause of open-angle glaucoma. Since the discovery of XFS 100 years ago by Dr John G. Lindberg, there has been considerable advancement in understanding its pathogenesis and resulting clinical implications. The purpose of this paper is to summarise information regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, ocular manifestations and systemic associations of XFS with the objective of sharing clinical pearls to assist in early detection and enhanced management of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Nazarali
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Faraz Damji
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karim F Damji
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ramdas WD, Schouten JSAG, Webers CAB. The Effect of Vitamins on Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10030359. [PMID: 29547516 PMCID: PMC5872777 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of is to determine the association of vitamins with glaucoma by performing a systematic review and meta-analyses. Methods: Studies on the relation of vitamins and glaucoma published up to December 2017 were identified in the PubMed and Embase database. Data on vitamins (method of assessment), glaucoma (type and method of assessment), study characteristics and quality were recorded. In case of multiple studies for one nutrient a meta-analysis was performed. Results: A total of 629 articles were identified of which 36 were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis included five of them (940 open-angle glaucoma (OAG) cases and 123,697 controls in total) and resulted in an odds ratio [95% confidence interval] (OR [95% CI]) of 0.58 [0.37–0.91] for dietary vitamin A, though heterogeneity was high (I2 = 51%). After omitting studies that contributed significantly to the heterogeneity, the pooled OR [95% CI] was 0.45 [0.30–0.68] for dietary vitamin A on OAG (I2 = 0%). For vitamin B1, C and E no significant association with OAG was found (OR [95% CI]: 0.84 [0.47–1.51]; 0.68 [0.38–1.22]; 0.95 [0.75–1.19]; respectively). However, after addressing heterogeneity, vitamin C showed a protective effect as well. Especially, foods high in these vitamins (e.g., dark green vegetables) were protective for OAG. Conclusions: Dietary intake of vitamin A and C showed a beneficial association with OAG; however, findings on blood levels of vitamins do not show a clear relation with OAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wishal D Ramdas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan S A G Schouten
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Carroll A B Webers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schweitzer C. [Pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2018; 41:78-90. [PMID: 29329947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is an age-related systemic disease that mainly affects the anterior structures of the eye. Despite a worldwide distribution, reported incidence and prevalence of this syndrome vary widely between ethnicities and geographical areas. The exfoliative material is composed mainly of abnormal cross-linked fibrils that accumulate progressively in some organs such as the heart, blood vessels, lungs or meninges, and particularly in the anterior structures of the eye. The exact pathophysiological process still remains unclear but the association of genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role in the development and progressive extracellular accumulation of exfoliative material. Hence, LOXL1 gene polymorphisms, responsible for metabolism of some components of elastic fibers and extracellular matrix, and increased natural exposure to ambient ultraviolet or caffeine consumption have been associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Ophthalmological manifestations are commonly bilateral with an asymmetric presentation and can lead to severe visual impairment and blindness more frequently than in the general population, mainly related to glaucoma and cataract. Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma is a major complication of pseudoexfoliation syndrome and represents the main cause of identifiable glaucoma worldwide. Visual field progression is more rapid than that observed in primary open angle glaucoma, and filtering surgery is more frequently required. Nuclear cataract is more frequent and occurs earlier than in the general population. Owing to poorer pupil dilation and increased zonular instability, cataract surgery with pseudoexfoliation is associated with a 5- to 10-fold increase in surgical complications compared to cataract surgery without pseudoexfoliation. Some specific treatments targeting production, formation or accumulation of exfoliative material could improve the prognosis of this syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Schweitzer
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; UMR 1219, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team LEHA, université Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
MTHFR and MTHFD1 gene polymorphisms are not associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome in South Indian population. Int Ophthalmol 2017; 38:599-606. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0498-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
24
|
Lee JY, Kim JM, Kim IT, Yoo CK, Won YS, Kim JH, Kwon HS, Park KH. Relationship between Plasma Homocysteine Level and Glaucomatous Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Defect. Curr Eye Res 2017; 42:918-923. [DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2016.1257728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Mo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Tae Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Kwon Yoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Sam Won
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nailfold capillary morphology in exfoliation syndrome. Eye (Lond) 2017; 31:698-707. [PMID: 28085140 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2016.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate nailfold microvascular morphology in exfoliation syndrome with or without glaucoma (XFS/XFG) compared with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and control subjects using nailfold capillary videomicroscopy.Patients and methodsWe used a JH-1004 capillaroscope to perform nailfold capillary videomicroscopy on the fourth and fifth digit of the non-dominant hand. We enrolled 56 XFS/XFG patients, 87 POAG patients, and 75 control subjects. Masked observers graded the videos for hemorrhages, avascular zones ≥200 microns (μm), and degree of microvascular tortuosity on a four-point subjective scale. Multivariable odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals and P-for trends for assessing the relation between morphological changes and POAG or XFS/XFG were obtained from logistic regression analyses. We also assessed this relation with XFS/XFG compared with POAG in multivariable models.ResultsAfter adjusting for multiple covariates, nailfold hemorrhages, avascular zones ≥200 μm, and higher degree of vascular tortuosity were more common in XFS/XFG vs controls (P-for trend ≤0.0001) and in POAG vs controls (P-for trend ≤0.01). For each 100 capillaries, the number of hemorrhages was similar (P-for trend=0.91) between XFS/XFG and POAG patients; however, there were more avascular zones per 100 capillaries with borderline significance (P-for trend=0.04) in the XFS/XFG group. XFS/XFG patients had more tortuosity than POAG patients; specifically, having a tortuosity score ≥1.5 was associated with a 4.4-fold increased odds of XFS/XFG (95% confidence interval: 1.5-13.3) relative to a tortuosity score <1.0 (P-for trend=0.005).ConclusionA high degree of nailfold capillary tortuosity is a distinct non-ocular feature associated with XFS/XFG compared with either POAG or controls.
Collapse
|
26
|
Aboobakar IF, Johnson WM, Stamer WD, Hauser MA, Allingham RR. Major review: Exfoliation syndrome; advances in disease genetics, molecular biology, and epidemiology. Exp Eye Res 2016; 154:88-103. [PMID: 27845061 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a common age-related disorder that leads to deposition of extracellular fibrillar material throughout the body. The most recognized disease manifestation is exfoliation glaucoma (XFG), which is a common cause of blindness worldwide. Recent developments in XFS genetics, cell biology and epidemiology have greatly improved our understanding of the etiology of this complex inherited disease. This review summarizes current knowledge of XFS pathogenesis, identifies gaps in knowledge, and discusses areas for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inas F Aboobakar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - William M Johnson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - W Daniel Stamer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael A Hauser
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R Rand Allingham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Association of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism with primary glaucoma in Saudi population. BMC Ophthalmol 2016; 16:156. [PMID: 27585654 PMCID: PMC5009653 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), a critical enzyme in folate metabolism is involved in DNA synthesis, DNA repair and DNA methylation. The functional polymorphism of MTHFR gene, C677T has been shown to impact various diseases and implicated as a risk factor for the development of various neurodegenerative disorders including glaucoma. Methods We investigated MTHFR C677T genotypes and alleles frequencies in primary glaucoma [primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG)] patients and matched healthy controls in a case-control study. Two hundred ten primary glaucoma cases were studied for MTHFR C677T polymorphism and compared with 280 controls taken from the healthy population, employing the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (PCR-RFLP). The MTHFR gene was amplified using specific primers. The PCR products (294 bp) was subsequently digested with HinfI (New England Biolabs) at 37 °C for 12 h, separated by electrophoresis on 2 % agarose gels, and visualized with ethidium bromide staining. The restriction digestion yielded 168 and 126 bp fragments for TT, 294, 168 and 126 bp fragments for CT and undigested PCR product 294 bp indicating CC genotype. Results We found the frequency of the genotypes and alleles of MTHFR C677T differ significantly between cases and controls. The frequencies of allele T and genotype CT were significantly higher while the frequencies of allele C and genotype CC were lower in primary glaucoma patients as compared to controls (p <0.05). Upon stratification of our results into POAG and PACG, significantly higher frequencies of allele T (19.44 %) and genotype CT (38.89 %) were found in POAG patients compared to controls (12.5 % and 25 % respectively). The frequencies of alleles and genotypes were almost similar in PACG and controls (p = 0.8). Conclusion This study indicates that the allele T and genotype CT of MTHFR C677T polymorphism are significantly associated with POAG while allele C and CC genotype may be protective for it. We conclude that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism increases the risk for POAG development in Saudi population and can be a genetic marker however, further studies are needed with multiple-ethnic populations affected with POAG to strengthen these findings.
Collapse
|
28
|
Pasquale LR, Borrás T, Fingert JH, Wiggs JL, Ritch R. Exfoliation syndrome: assembling the puzzle pieces. Acta Ophthalmol 2016; 94:e505-12. [PMID: 26648185 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize various topics and the cutting edge approaches to refine XFS pathogenesis that were discussed at the 21st annual Glaucoma Foundation Think Tank meeting in New York City, Sept. 19-20, 2014. METHODS The highlights of three categories of talks on cutting edge research in the field were summarized. RESULTS Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a systemic disorder with a substantial ocular burden, including high rates of cataract, cataract surgery complications, glaucoma and retinal vein occlusion. New information about XFS is akin to puzzle pieces that do not quite join together to reveal a clear picture regarding how exfoliation material (XFM) forms. CONCLUSION Meeting participants concluded that it is unclear how the mild homocysteinemia seen in XFS might contribute to the disarrayed extracellular aggregates characteristic of this syndrome. Lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) variants are unequivocally genetic risk factors for XFS but exactly how these variants contribute to the assembly of exfoliation material (XFM) remains unclear. Variants in a new genomic region, CACNA1A associated with XFS, may alter calcium concentrations at the cell surface and facilitate XFM formation but much more work is needed before we can place this new finding in proper context. It is hoped that various animal model and ex vivo systems will emerge that will allow for proper assembly of the puzzle pieces into a coherent picture of XFS pathogenesis. A clear understanding of XFS pathogenesis may lead to 'upstream solutions' to reduce the ocular morbidity produced by XFS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis R. Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology; Mass Eye & Ear Infirmary; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Medicine; Harvard Medical School; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Terete Borrás
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of North Carolina; Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - John H. Fingert
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - Janey L. Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology; Mass Eye & Ear Infirmary; Harvard Medical School; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Robert Ritch
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center; New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai; New York City New York USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kang JH, Wu J, Cho E, Ogata S, Jacques P, Taylor A, Chiu CJ, Wiggs JL, Seddon JM, Hankinson SE, Schaumberg DA, Pasquale LR. Contribution of the Nurses' Health Study to the Epidemiology of Cataract, Age-Related Macular Degeneration, and Glaucoma. Am J Public Health 2016; 106:1684-9. [PMID: 27459452 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the contribution of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) to understanding the genetic and lifestyle factors that influence the risk of cataract, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma. METHODS We performed a narrative review of the publications of the NHS between 1976 and 2016. RESULTS The NHS has helped to elucidate the roles of genetics, lifestyle factors (e.g., cigarette smoking associated with cataract extraction and age-related macular degeneration), medical conditions (e.g., diabetes associated with cataract extraction and glaucoma), and dietary factors (e.g., greater carotenoid intake and lower glycemic diet associated with lower risk of age-related macular degeneration) in the etiology of degree and progression of lens opacities, cataract extraction, age-related macular degeneration, primary open-angle glaucoma, and exfoliation glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS The findings from the NHS, combined with those of other studies, have provided compelling evidence to support public health recommendations for helping to prevent age-related eye diseases: abstinence from cigarette smoking, maintenance of healthy weight and diabetes prevention, and a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Kang
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Juan Wu
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Eunyoung Cho
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Soshiro Ogata
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Paul Jacques
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Allen Taylor
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Chung-Jung Chiu
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Johanna M Seddon
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Debra A Schaumberg
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Jae H. Kang is with the Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Juan Wu is with the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston. Eunyoung Cho is with the Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI. Soshiro Ogata is with the Department of Health Promotion Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan. Paul Jacques, Allen Taylor, and Chung-Jung Chiu are with the Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston. Janey L. Wiggs and Louis R. Pasquale are with the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School. Johanna M. Seddon is with the Ophthalmic Epidemiology and Genetics Service, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine. Susan E. Hankinson is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Debra A. Schaumberg is with the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Plasma Homocysteine, Serum Folic Acid, Serum Vitamin B12, Serum Vitamin B6, MTHFR, and Risk of Normal-Tension Glaucoma. J Glaucoma 2016; 25:e94-8. [PMID: 26171850 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively evaluate the association between total homocysteine (tHcy) levels, serum folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 levels, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype, and risk of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search of the EMBASE and PubMed databases was performed to evaluate plasma tHcy levels, serum folic acid, B vitamins' mean difference, and odds ratios of MTHFR C677T genotype between cases and controls. RESULTS A total of 7 studies including 458 cases and 555 controls meeting the inclusion criteria were involved in this meta-analysis. There were 4 studies for tHcy (149 cases and 148 controls), 2 studies for vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and folate (90 cases and 82 controls), and 4 studies for MTHFR (343 cases and 449 controls). Overall, the mean plasma tHcy levels, serum folic acids, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 levels were 1.16 μmol/L [95% confidence interval (CI), -0.13, 2.45], -0.62 μmol/L (95% CI, -1.98, 0.74), 5.81 μmol/L (95% CI, -3.53, 15.14), and -16.79 μmol/L (95% CI, -86.09, 52.51). MTHFR TT genotype was found to be unrelated to NTG risk (odds ratio=1.08; 95% CI, 0.69, 1.69). CONCLUSION NTG is not associated with elevated plasma tHcy, serum folic acid, serum vitamin B12, serum vitamin B6, and MTHFR C677T genotype.
Collapse
|
31
|
Consideration for gene-environment interactions as novel determinants of exfoliation syndrome. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2015; 54:29-41. [PMID: 25171642 DOI: 10.1097/iio.0000000000000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
32
|
Abstract
Complex traits can be triggered by environmental factors in genetically predisposed individuals. The lysyl oxidase-like 1 gene (LOXL1) variants associated with exfoliation syndrome (XFS) are detected in >90% of cases that have been genotyped from sites around the world. Remarkably, roughly 80% of people without XFS also possess these same variants in all populations that have been tested. Nonetheless, the prevalence of XFS varies from ≤0.4% to >20%. These data suggest that other genetic variants, epigenetic modifications, or environmental factors also contribute to XFS. Furthermore, it is possible that environmental factors modify the association between LOXL1 and XFS. Interactions between LOXL1 variants and environmental factors could explain the varying prevalence of XFS seen throughout the world. At the very least, the discovery of the association between LOXL1 variants and XFS has opened the door to the discovery of environmental risk factors for this condition. Candidate gene-environment interactions in XFS will be discussed.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Exfoliation syndrome (XFS), the most common cause of secondary open angle glaucoma, is associated with significant ocular morbidity. Recent studies have pointed toward environmental components that may alter the risk of XFS development. This review focuses on the recent studies elucidating the role of environmental factors that play a role in the development of exfoliation syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS In XFS, aberrant microfibril formation emanating from the cell-extracellular matrix interface admixes with other macromolecules and is cross-linked by lysyl oxidase like 1 (LOXL1) activity. A common gene variant in the LOXL1 enzyme, an enzyme critical for enhancing the tensile strength of collagen and elastin in extracellular matrices, has been found in approximately 90% of XFS cases. However, approximately 80% of controls also have disease-associated LOXL1 gene variants. These findings point toward other nongenetic factors influencing the development of XFS. Increasing latitude, solar radiation, climatic variables and dietary factors such as high coffee consumption and low dietary folate intake are among the nongenetic factors associated with increased risk of XFS. SUMMARY A greater understanding of the environmental components associated with XFS may lead to lifestyle preventive strategies to ameliorate disease burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Dewundara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Louis R. Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Svensson R, Ekström C. Pseudoexfoliation and mortality: a population-based 30-year follow-up study. Acta Ophthalmol 2015; 93:162-4. [PMID: 24674619 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the relationship between pseudoexfoliation (PEX) and all-cause mortality in a population in which PEX is a common finding. METHODS Survival analyses were performed in a cohort of 760 residents 65-74 years of age, examined in a population survey in the municipality of Tierp, Sweden, 1984-86. To expand the cohort, participants in other studies in Tierp were enrolled. Additionally, people were recruited by means of glaucoma case records established at the Eye Department in Tierp in 1978-2007. In this way, the cohort comprised 1524 subjects, representing more than 21,100 person-years at risk. Information on deaths was obtained from the local population register. RESULTS By the conclusion of the study, in August 2013, 1280 deaths had been reported. Of these cases, 350 were affected by PEX at baseline. No association between PEX and mortality was found (hazard ratio 1.00; 95% confidence interval 0.88-1.14). CONCLUSION The results strongly suggest that PEX had no effect on all-cause mortality in the population under study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecka Svensson
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Curt Ekström
- Department of Neuroscience, Ophthalmology; University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chiras D, Kitsos G, Petersen MB, Skalidakis I, Kroupis C. Oxidative stress in dry age-related macular degeneration and exfoliation syndrome. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2014; 52:12-27. [PMID: 25319011 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2014.968703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress refers to cellular or molecular damage caused by reactive oxygen species, which especially occurs in age-related conditions as a result of an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant defense response. Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and exfoliation syndrome (XFS) are two common and complex age-related conditions that can cause irreversible vision loss. Two subtypes of AMD, which is the leading cause of blindness in the Western world, exist: the most prevalent dry type and the most severe wet type. Early dry AMD is characterized by formation of drusen, which are sub-retinal deposits, in the macular area and may progress to geographic atrophy with more dramatic manifestation. XFS is a systemic disorder of the extracellular matrix characterized by the accumulation of elastic fibrils that leads, in most cases, to glaucoma development with progressive and irreversible vision loss. Due to the aging population, the prevalence of these already-widespread conditions is increasing and is resulting in significant economic and psychological costs for individuals and for society. The exact composition of the abnormal drusen and XFS material as well as the mechanisms responsible for their production and accumulation still remain elusive, and consequently treatment for both diseases is lacking. However, recent epidemiologic, genetic and molecular studies support a major role for oxidative stress in both dry AMD and XFS development. Understanding the early molecular events in their pathogenesis and the exact role of oxidative stress may provide novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention for the prevention of progression to advanced disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Chiras
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Ioannina , Ioannina , Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zacharaki F, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Koliakos GG, Morrison MA, Tsezou A, Chatzoulis DZ, Almpanidou P, Topouridou K, Karabatsas CH, Pefkianaki M, DeAngelis MM, Tsironi EE. Plasma homocysteine and genetic variants of homocysteine metabolism enzymes in patients from central Greece with primary open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2014; 8:1819-25. [PMID: 25246760 PMCID: PMC4166342 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s64904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate plasma homocysteine levels and polymorphisms in genes encoding enzymes in the metabolic pathway of homocysteine in association with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXFG). METHODS A total of 156 glaucoma patients (76 with POAG and 80 with PXFG) and 135 controls matched for age and sex were enrolled in this study. Plasma homocysteine levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes and real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for genotyping of the samples. Patients were genotyped using predesigned TaqMan(®) single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping assays for two exon variations (rs1801131, rs1801133) in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and one intron variation (rs8006686) in the methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) gene. RESULTS Homocysteine levels were slightly higher in the patient group (POAG and PXFG) compared with controls, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. The minor alleles of the MTHFR single nucleotide polymorphisms showed a protective effect for POAG and showed an increased risk for PXFG, but none of these associations reached statistical significance (P>0.05). The minor allele of MTHFD1 rs8006686 showed a trend for increased risk of both POAG and PXFG (P>0.05). No statistically significant interaction was seen between the genetic variants and homocysteine levels (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Our results show that neither the examined single nucleotide polymorphisms from genes involved in the pathway of homocysteine metabolism nor the measured homocysteine levels were associated with POAG or PXFG in our study cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fani Zacharaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Georgios G Koliakos
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Aristotles University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Margaux A Morrison
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Z Chatzoulis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Pavlina Almpanidou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantina Topouridou
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Aristotles University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Maria Pefkianaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Margaret M DeAngelis
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Evangelia E Tsironi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kang JH, Loomis SJ, Wiggs JL, Willett WC, Pasquale LR. A prospective study of folate, vitamin B₆, and vitamin B₁₂ intake in relation to exfoliation glaucoma or suspected exfoliation glaucoma. JAMA Ophthalmol 2014; 132:549-59. [PMID: 24699833 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Effective strategies for primary prevention are lacking for exfoliation glaucoma (EG), which is the most common type of secondary glaucoma. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between B vitamin intake and EG or suspected EG (EG/SEG) risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS National prospective cohort study using more than 20 years of follow-up data from the Nurses' Health Study (all female registered nurses) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (all male health professionals) from June 1, 1980, to May 31, 2010 (Nurses' Health Study) and January 1, 1986, to December 31, 2010 (Health Professionals Follow-up Study). We included a subset of 78,980 Nurses' Health Study women and 41,221 Health Professionals Follow-up Study men who were 40 years or older, free of glaucoma, had completed diet questionnaires, and reported eye examinations (follow-up rate, >85%). EXPOSURES Cumulatively updated intake of B vitamins (folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12) as ascertained by repeated administration of validated questionnaires. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident cases of EG/SEG, totaling 399 (329 women and 70 men), were first identified with the questionnaires and were subsequently confirmed with medical records. Multivariable relative risks for EG/SEG were calculated in each cohort and then pooled with meta-analysis. RESULTS Vitamin B₆ and vitamin B₁₂ intake was not associated with EG/SEG risk in pooled analyses (P = .52 and P = .99 for linear trend, respectively). However, a suggestive trend of a reduced risk was observed with higher intake of folate: compared with the lowest quintile of cumulatively averaged updated total folate intake, the multivariable relative risk for EG/SEG for the highest quintile (≥654 μg/d) was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.54-1.04; P = .02 for linear trend). These results were not materially altered after adjustment for vitamin B₆ and vitamin B₁₂ intake. An association was observed for supplemental folate intake but not for dietary folate only (P = .03 and P = .64 for linear trend, respectively). Greater frequency of multivitamin use showed a modest suggestive inverse association (current multivitamin use of ≥6 times per week vs nonuse multivariable relative risk, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.64-1.11; P = .06 for linear trend). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Higher total folate intake was associated with a suggestive lower risk for EG/SEG, supporting a possible causal role of homocysteine in EG/SEG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Janey L Wiggs
- Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Walter C Willett
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts3Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts4Department of Epidemiology, Harvar
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts2Glaucoma Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shaik MM, Gan SH. Rapid resolution liquid chromatography method development and validation for simultaneous determination of homocysteine, vitamins B(6), B(9), and B(12) in human serum. Indian J Pharmacol 2014; 45:159-67. [PMID: 23716893 PMCID: PMC3660929 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.108303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamins B6, B9, and B12 deficiencies usually result in various neurological, vascular, ocular, renal, and pulmonary abnormalities. However, to date, there are no simultaneous detection methods available for determining homocysteine, vitamins B6, B9, and B12 levels in various biological fluids. In this study, we aim to develop a new validated simultaneous detection method for all four compounds to save both cost and time of analysis. Materials and Methods: The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of methanol and 1-heptanesulfonic acid sodium salt (33:67) with 0.05% triethylamine. The pH of the entire mixture was adjusted to 2.3 and the flow rate was 0.5 mL/min. Separation was achieved using a C-18 column (5 μm; 150 mm × 4.6 mm) maintained at 28°C in a column oven and the detection was conducted at 210 nm. Results: The method was linear between 50 and 1600 ng/mL for all of the drugs. The limits of detection for homocysteine, vitamins B6, B9, and B12 were 5, 5, 10, and 10 ng/mL, respectively, while the limits of quantification were 10, 10, 25, and 25 ng/L, respectively. The developed method achieved good precision and accuracy and complies with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requirements. Conclusion: The developed and validated method is suitable to be used for the routine analysis of homocysteine, vitamins B6, B9, and B12 simultaneously in human serum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Munvar Miya Shaik
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
Xu F, Zhao X, Zeng SM, Li L, Zhong HB, Li M. Homocysteine, B Vitamins, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene, and Risk of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Ophthalmology 2012; 119:2493-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|