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Brody SL, Pan J, Huang T, Xu J, Xu H, Koenitizer J, Brennan SK, Nanjundappa R, Saba TG, Berical A, Hawkins FJ, Wang X, Zhang R, Mahjoub MR, Horani A, Dutcher SK. Loss of an extensive ciliary connectome induces proteostasis and cell fate switching in a severe motile ciliopathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.20.585965. [PMID: 38562900 PMCID: PMC10983967 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.20.585965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Motile cilia have essential cellular functions in development, reproduction, and homeostasis. Genetic causes for motile ciliopathies have been identified, but the consequences on cellular functions beyond impaired motility remain unknown. Variants in CCDC39 and CCDC40 cause severe disease not explained by loss of motility. Using human cells with pathological variants in these genes, Chlamydomonas genetics, cryo-electron microscopy, single cell RNA transcriptomics, and proteomics, we identified perturbations in multiple cilia-independent pathways. Absence of the axonemal CCDC39/CCDC40 heterodimer results in loss of a connectome of over 90 proteins. The undocked connectome activates cell quality control pathways, switches multiciliated cell fate, impairs microtubule architecture, and creates a defective periciliary barrier. Both cilia-dependent and independent defects are likely responsible for the disease severity. Our findings provide a foundation for reconsidering the broad cellular impact of pathologic variants in ciliopathies and suggest new directions for therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Brody
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jiehong Pan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Huihui Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey Koenitizer
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Steven K Brennan
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rashmi Nanjundappa
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Thomas G Saba
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48108, USA
| | - Andrew Berical
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Finn J Hawkins
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Xiangli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Moe R Mahjoub
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physisology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Amjad Horani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48108, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physisology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Susan K Dutcher
- Department of Cell Biology and Physisology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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2
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Gerlach RG, Wittmann I, Heinrich L, Pinkenburg O, Meyer T, Elpers L, Schmidt C, Hensel M, Schnare M. Subversion of a family of antimicrobial proteins by Salmonella enterica. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1375887. [PMID: 38505286 PMCID: PMC10948614 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1375887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica is a food-borne pathogen able to cause a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from mild gastroenteritis to systemic infections. During almost all stages of the infection process Salmonella is likely to be exposed to a wide variety of host-derived antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are important components of the innate immune response which integrate within the bacterial membrane, thus forming pores which lead ultimately to bacterial killing. In contrast to other AMPs Bactericidal/Permeability-increasing Protein (BPI) displayed only weak bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects towards Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium (STM) cultures. Surprisingly, we found that sub-antimicrobial concentrations of BPI fold-containing (BPIF) superfamily members mediated adhesion of STM depending on pre-formed type 1 fimbriae. BPIF proteins directly bind to type 1 fimbriae through mannose-containing oligosaccharide modifications. Fimbriae decorated with BPIF proteins exhibit extended binding specificity, allowing for bacterial adhesion on a greater variety of abiotic and biotic surfaces likely promoting host colonization. Further, fimbriae significantly contributed to the resistance against BPI, probably through sequestration of the AMP before membrane interaction. In conclusion, functional subversion of innate immune proteins of the BPIF family through binding to fimbriae promotes Salmonella virulence by survival of host defense and promotion of host colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman G. Gerlach
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital of Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
| | - Irene Wittmann
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital of Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Pinkenburg
- Institute for Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Torben Meyer
- Institute for Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Laura Elpers
- Division of Microbiology and CellNanOs – Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück, School of Biology/Chemistry, University Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | | | - Michael Hensel
- Division of Microbiology and CellNanOs – Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics Osnabrück, School of Biology/Chemistry, University Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Markus Schnare
- Institute for Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Odimba U, Senthilselvan A, Farrell J, Gao Z. Sex-Specific Genetic Determinants of Asthma-COPD Phenotype and COPD in Middle-Aged and Older Canadian Adults: An Analysis of CLSA Data. COPD 2023; 20:233-247. [PMID: 37466093 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2023.2229906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of sex differences in the risk of asthma-COPD phenotype and COPD is still not completely understood. Genetic and environmental risk factors are commonly believed to play an important role. This study aims to identify sex-specific genetic markers associated with asthma-COPD phenotype and COPD using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Baseline Comprehensive and Genomic data. There were a total of 1,415 COPD cases. Out of them, 504 asthma-COPD phenotype cases were identified. 20,524 participants without a diagnosis of asthma and COPD served as controls. We performed genome-wide SNP-by-sex interaction analysis. SNPs with an interaction p-value < 10-5 were included in a sex-stratified multivariable logistic regression for asthma-COPD phenotype and COPD outcomes. 18 and 28 SNPs had a significant interaction term p-value < 10-5 with sex in the regression analyses of asthma-COPD phenotype and COPD outcomes, respectively. Sex-stratified multivariable analysis of asthma-COPD phenotype showed that 7 SNPs in/near SMYD3, FHIT, ZNF608, RIMBP2, ZNF133, BPIFB1, and S100B loci were significant in males. Sex-stratified multivariable analysis of COPD showed that 8 SNPs in/near MAGI1, COX18, OSTC, ELOVL5, C7orf72 FGF14, and NKAIN4 were significant in males, and 4 SNPs in/near genes CAMTA1, SATB2, PDE10A, and LINC00908 were significant in females. An SNP in the ZPBP gene was associated with COPD in both males and females. Identification of sex-specific loci associated with asthma-COPD phenotype and COPD may offer valuable evidence toward a better understanding of the sex-specific differences in the pathophysiology of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugochukwu Odimba
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Canada
| | | | - Jamie Farrell
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre (Respirology Department), Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Canada
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Donoghue LJ, Markovetz MR, Morrison CB, Chen G, McFadden KM, Sadritabrizi T, Gutay MI, Kato T, Rogers TD, Snead JY, Livraghi-Butrico A, Button B, Ehre C, Grubb BR, Hill DB, Kelada SNP. BPIFB1 loss alters airway mucus properties and diminishes mucociliary clearance. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L765-L775. [PMID: 37847709 PMCID: PMC11068428 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00390.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway mucociliary clearance (MCC) is required for host defense and is often diminished in chronic lung diseases. Effective clearance depends upon coordinated actions of the airway epithelium and a mobile mucus layer. Dysregulation of the primary secreted airway mucin proteins, MUC5B and MUC5AC, is associated with a reduction in the rate of MCC; however, how other secreted proteins impact the integrity of the mucus layer and MCC remains unclear. We previously identified the gene Bpifb1/Lplunc1 as a regulator of airway MUC5B protein levels using genetic approaches. Here, we show that BPIFB1 is required for effective MCC in vivo using Bpifb1 knockout (KO) mice. Reduced MCC in Bpifb1 KO mice occurred in the absence of defects in epithelial ion transport or reduced ciliary beat frequency. Loss of BPIFB1 in vivo and in vitro altered biophysical and biochemical properties of mucus that have been previously linked to impaired MCC. Finally, we detected colocalization of BPIFB1 and MUC5B in secretory granules in mice and the protein mesh of secreted mucus in human airway epithelia cultures. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that BPIFB1 is an important component of the mucociliary apparatus in mice and a key component of the mucus protein network.NEW & NOTEWORTHY BPIFB1, also known as LPLUNC1, was found to regulate mucociliary clearance (MCC), a key aspect of host defense in the airway. Loss of this protein was also associated with altered biophysical and biochemical properties of mucus that have been previously linked to impaired MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Donoghue
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Matthew R Markovetz
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Cameron B Morrison
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Gang Chen
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Kathryn M McFadden
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Taraneh Sadritabrizi
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Mark I Gutay
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Takafumi Kato
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Troy D Rogers
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Jazmin Y Snead
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Alessandra Livraghi-Butrico
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Brian Button
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Camille Ehre
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Barbara R Grubb
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - David B Hill
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Samir N P Kelada
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
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Clifton C, Niemeyer BF, Novak R, Can UI, Hainline K, Benam KH. BPIFA1 is a secreted biomarker of differentiating human airway epithelium. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1035566. [PMID: 36519134 PMCID: PMC9744250 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1035566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro culture and differentiation of human-derived airway basal cells under air-liquid interface (ALI) into a pseudostratified mucociliated mucosal barrier has proven to be a powerful preclinical tool to study pathophysiology of respiratory epithelium. As such, identifying differentiation stage-specific biomarkers can help investigators better characterize, standardize, and validate populations of regenerating epithelial cells prior to experimentation. Here, we applied longitudinal transcriptomic analysis and observed that the pattern and the magnitude of OMG, KRT14, STC1, BPIFA1, PLA2G7, TXNIP, S100A7 expression create a unique biosignature that robustly indicates the stage of epithelial cell differentiation. We then validated our findings by quantitative hemi-nested real-time PCR from in vitro cultures sourced from multiple donors. In addition, we demonstrated that at protein-level secretion of BPIFA1 accurately reflects the gene expression profile, with very low quantities present at the time of ALI induction but escalating levels were detectable as the epithelial cells terminally differentiated. Moreover, we observed that increase in BPIFA1 secretion closely correlates with emergence of secretory cells and an anti-inflammatory phenotype as airway epithelial cells undergo mucociliary differentiation under air-liquid interface in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Clifton
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brian F. Niemeyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Richard Novak
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Uryan Isik Can
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Kelly Hainline
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kambez H. Benam
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Kambez H. Benam,
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6
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Salivary Biomarker Evaluation of Chronic Pancreatitis Patients Reveals Alterations in Human Proteins, Cytokines, Prostaglandin E2 Levels, and Bacterial Diversity. Pancreas 2022; 51:723-732. [PMID: 36395395 PMCID: PMC9681020 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a chronic fibroinflammatory condition of the pancreas difficult to diagnose in early stages. Novel biomarkers useful to facilitate early diagnosis or treatment responses may be found in biofluids. Although saliva can be easily and noninvasively collected from patients, useful salivary biomarkers from CP patients have not yet been identified. METHODS Here, we analyzed the proteome by quantitative proteomics, cytokine/chemokine levels by Luminex analysis, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels by a mass spectrometry-based assay, and bacterial species diversity by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing in saliva samples from confirmed CP patients and healthy controls. RESULTS Our results indicate the presence of various differentially expressed proteins, cytokines/chemokines, and a loss of oral bacterial diversity in the saliva of CP patients. The PGE2 levels trend toward elevation in CP patients. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve models for proteomic, cytokine, and PGE2 assays ranged from 0.59 to 0.90. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our studies identify a range of putative CP biomarkers and alterations in human saliva requiring further validation. The biomarker discovery approaches we used might lead to identification of biomarkers useful for CP diagnosis and monitoring.
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Hu Y, Cheng X, Qiu Z, Chen X. Identification of Mucus-Associated Molecular Subtypes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Latent Profile Analysis Based on MUC5B-Associated Genes. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e931222. [PMID: 34389698 PMCID: PMC8372096 DOI: 10.12659/msm.931222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease with high heterogeneity, which is a major challenge in clinical individualized treatment. A mucus phenotype is one of the main characteristics of COPD. MATERIAL AND METHODS Gene expression profiles of lung tissue samples were from the Lung Genomics Research Consortium. MUC5B-associated gene signatures were obtained based on a nonlinear feature screening algorithm. These signatures were used to fit a latent profile analysis (LPA) model to identify COPD molecular subtypes and build a subtype classifier to verify the subtypes. Then, we explored the characteristics of cilium assembly and beating signatures, transcriptome features, immune infiltration among the 3 subtypes by xCell, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, network perturbation amplitude, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis algorithms. An external dataset was used to verify the above COPD subtypes. RESULTS Three subtypes associated with mucus were identified by LPA and verified in an external dataset. Subtype 1 displayed higher T helper type 1 (Th1) and basophil infiltration, higher Th17/regulatory T cells (Tregs) ratio, a higher level of cilium assembly and beating, and lower mast cell and Treg infiltration. The subtypes 2 and 3 demonstrated higher macrophage M2 infiltration in lung tissue, while subtype 3 had higher neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration than subtype 2. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this work identified 3 mucus-associated molecular subtypes related to MUC5B expression, which deepens the understanding of airway mucus secretion in COPD and potentially provides valuable information for precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaomeng Cheng
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhanjun Qiu
- Department of Pulmonary Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xianhai Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Cabiddu G, Maes P, Hyvrier F, Olianas A, Manconi B, Brignot H, Canon F, Cabras T, Morzel M. Proteomic characterization of the mucosal pellicle formed in vitro on a cellular model of oral epithelium. J Proteomics 2020; 222:103797. [PMID: 32360370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The oral mucosal pellicle is a thin lubricating layer generated by the binding of saliva proteins on epithelial oral cells. The protein composition of this biological structure has been to date studied by targeted analyses of specific salivary proteins. In order to perform a more exhaustive proteome characterization of pellicles, we used TR146 cells expressing or not the transmembrane mucin MUC1 and generated pellicles by incubation with human saliva and washing to remove unbound proteins. A suitable method was established for the in vitro isolation of the mucosal pellicle by "shaving" it from the cells using trypsin. The extracts, the washing solutions and the saliva used to constitute the pellicles were analyzed by LC MS/MS (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD017268). Comparison of pellicle and saliva compositions evidenced the adsorption of proteins not previously reported as pellicle constituents such as proteins of the PLUNC family. Pellicles formed on TR146 and TR146/MUC1 were also analyzed and compared by protein label-free quantification. The two types of samples appeared as distinct clusters in multivariate analyses, but the discriminant proteins (Welch test p < .05, FDR < 0.1) were cellular rather than salivary proteins. SIGNIFICANCE: The oral mucosal pellicle is made of salivary proteins tightly bound to oral epithelial cells. It is essential to oral health, with biological functions depending largely on its protein constituents. Characterizing its proteome is difficult due to the intimate association of this protein layer to cell membranes. In this work, we report a trypsin "shaving" protocol which enabled to sample the pellicle formed on an in vitro cellular model of oral epithelium. Analyzing such samples by high-resolution mass spectrometry provided novel information on the mucosal pellicle composition. This work is therefore a good starting point for further characterization of this biological structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Cabiddu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Pauline Maes
- CLIPP (Clinical Innovation Proteomic Platform), Pôle de Recherche Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Franck Hyvrier
- CLIPP (Clinical Innovation Proteomic Platform), Pôle de Recherche Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Alessandra Olianas
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Barbara Manconi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Hélène Brignot
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, (CSGA) AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Francis Canon
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, (CSGA) AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Tiziana Cabras
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Martine Morzel
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, (CSGA) AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France; Sciences et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Agrocampus Ouest, INRAE, F-35042 Rennes, France
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Li J, Xu P, Wang L, Feng M, Chen D, Yu X, Lu Y. Molecular biology of BPIFB1 and its advances in disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:651. [PMID: 32566588 PMCID: PMC7290611 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bactericidal/permeability-increasing (BPI)-fold-containing family B member 1 (BPIFB1), also known as long-palate lung and nasal epithelium clone 1 (LPLUNC1), belongs to the BPI-fold-containing family, is a newly discovered natural immune protection molecule, which, having the function of bactericidal and osmotic enhancement protein domain, can respond to the external physical and chemical stimuli. The gene of BPIFB1 is located at chromosome 20q11.21-20q11.22, and contains 16 exons and 15 introns, encoding 484 amino acids. The 5' terminal of the BPIFB1 protein has a signal peptide sequence composed of 19 amino acids. BPIFB1 is abnormally expressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), gastric cancer, and other cancer tissues, regulate chronic infections and inflammation, indicating that it may play an important role in the development of tumors. Meanwhile, BPIFB1 has well-recognized roles in sensing and responding to Gram-negative bacteria due to its structural similarity with BPI protein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein, both of which are innate immune molecules with recognized roles in sensing and responding to Gram-negative bacteria, so it can regulate cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and other respiratory diseases. In this article, we will discuss the progress of BPIFB1 in a variety of diseases and fully understand its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengjie Feng
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongzhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, China
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10
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LPLUNC1 stabilises PHB1 by counteracting TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination to inhibit NF-κB activity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncogene 2019; 38:5062-5075. [PMID: 30886235 PMCID: PMC6756001 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Long-palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone 1 (LPLUNC1) is a tumour suppressor gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and low expression of LPLUNC1 is associated with poor prognosis. Our previous study showed that LPLUNC1 upregulates Prohibitin 1 (PHB1), a pleiotropic protein that functions as a tumour suppressor gene in various cancers. Low expression of PHB1 was also found to be associated with the poor prognosis of NPC patients. However, the mechanisms by which LPLUNC1 upregulates PHB1 and the potential role of PHB1 in NPC are unclear. Here, we found that LPLUNC1 stabilised PHB1 by inhibiting PHB1 ubiquitination, which is mediated by E3 ligase TRIM21. LPLUNC1 competitively impaired the binding of PHB1 to TRIM21 due to its stronger binding affinity to PHB1, suppressing the ubiquitination of PHB1. Therefore, our study indicates that PHB1 acted as a tumour suppressor gene by inhibiting NF-κB activity. Depletion of PHB1 significantly attenuated the anti-tumour effects of LPLUNC1 in NPC cells, and the inhibitory effect of LPLUNC1 on NF-κB activity was thus reversed. Together, our findings revealed a novel mechanism underlying the anticancer effect of LPLUNC1 and clarified that PHB1 may represent a novel, promising candidate tumour suppressor gene in NPC, with potential therapeutic target value.
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De Smet EG, Seys LJM, Verhamme FM, Vanaudenaerde BM, Brusselle GG, Bingle CD, Bracke KR. Association of innate defense proteins BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 with disease severity in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 13:11-27. [PMID: 29296079 PMCID: PMC5741069 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s144136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an abnormal inflammatory response in the lungs caused by the inhalation of noxious particles and gases. The airway epithelium has a protective function against these harmful agents by maintaining a physical barrier and by secreting defensive proteins, such as bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold-containing (BPIF) proteins, BPIFA1 and BPIFB1. However, inconsistent data regarding BPIFA1 expression in smokers and COPD patients have been reported to date. Therefore, we investigated the expression of BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 in a large cohort of never-smokers and smokers with and without COPD, both on the messenger RNA (mRNA) level in lung tissue and on the protein level in airway epithelium. Furthermore, we examined the correlation between BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 levels, goblet cell hyperplasia, and lung function measurements. BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 mRNA expressions were significantly increased in stage III-IV COPD patients compared with stage II COPD patients and subjects without COPD. In addition, protein levels in COPD patients were significantly increased in comparison with subjects without COPD. BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 levels were inversely correlated with measurements of airflow limitation and positively correlated with goblet cell hyperplasia. In addition, by the use of immunofluorescence double staining, we demonstrated the expression of BPIFB1 in goblet cells. In conclusion, we show that BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 levels are elevated in COPD patients and correlate with disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise G De Smet
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen JM Seys
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fien M Verhamme
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart M Vanaudenaerde
- Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy G Brusselle
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colin D Bingle
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ken R Bracke
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Identification of trans Protein QTL for Secreted Airway Mucins in Mice and a Causal Role for Bpifb1. Genetics 2017; 207:801-812. [PMID: 28851744 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.117.300211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus hyper-secretion is a hallmark feature of asthma and other muco-obstructive airway diseases. The mucin proteins MUC5AC and MUC5B are the major glycoprotein components of mucus and have critical roles in airway defense. Despite the biomedical importance of these two proteins, the loci that regulate them in the context of natural genetic variation have not been studied. To identify genes that underlie variation in airway mucin levels, we performed genetic analyses in founder strains and incipient lines of the Collaborative Cross (CC) in a house dust mite mouse model of asthma. CC founder strains exhibited significant differences in MUC5AC and MUC5B, providing evidence of heritability. Analysis of gene and protein expression of Muc5ac and Muc5b in incipient CC lines (n = 154) suggested that post-transcriptional events were important regulators of mucin protein content in the airways. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping identified distinct, trans protein QTL for MUC5AC (chromosome 13) and MUC5B (chromosome 2). These two QTL explained 18 and 20% of phenotypic variance, respectively. Examination of the MUC5B QTL allele effects and subsequent phylogenetic analysis allowed us to narrow the MUC5B QTL and identify Bpifb1 as a candidate gene. Bpifb1 mRNA and protein expression were upregulated in parallel to MUC5B after allergen challenge, and Bpifb1 knockout mice exhibited higher MUC5B expression. Thus, BPIFB1 is a novel regulator of MUC5B.
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13
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Assessment of Pasteurella multocida A Lipopolysaccharide, as an Adhesin in an In Vitro Model of Rabbit Respiratory Epithelium. Vet Med Int 2017; 2017:8967618. [PMID: 28251016 PMCID: PMC5303596 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8967618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the P. multocida lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a putative adhesin during the early stages of infection with this bacterium in the respiratory epithelium of rabbits was investigated. By light microscopy and double enzyme labeling of nasal septa tissues, the amount of bacteria attached to the respiratory epithelium and the amount of LPS present in goblet cells at different experimental times were estimated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and LPS labeling with colloidal gold particles were also used to determine the exact location of LPS in the cells. Septa that were challenged with LPS of P. multocida and 30 minutes later with P. multocida showed more adherent bacteria and more severe lesions than the other treatments. Free LPS was observed in the lumen of the nasal septum, forming bilamellar structures and adhering to the cilia, microvilli, cytoplasmic membrane, and cytoplasm of epithelial ciliated and goblet cells. The above findings suggest that P. multocida LPS plays an important role in the process of bacterial adhesion and that it has the ability of being internalized into host cells.
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14
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Identification and quantification of novel RNA isoforms in horn cancer of Bos indicus by comprehensive RNA-Seq. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:259. [PMID: 28330331 PMCID: PMC5143338 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Horn cancer (HC) is a squamous cell carcinoma of horn, commonly observed in Bos indicus of the Asian countries. To elucidate the complexity of alternative splicing present in the HC, high-throughput sequencing and analysis of HC and matching horn normal (HN) tissue were carried out. A total of 535,067 and 849,077 reads were analysed after stringent quality filtering for HN and HC, respectively. Cufflinks pipeline for transcriptome analysis revealed 4786 novel splice isoforms comprising 2432 exclusively in HC, 2055 exclusively in HN and 298 in both the conditions. Based on pathway clustering and in silico verification, 102 novel splice isoforms were selected and further analysed with respect to change in protein sequence using Blastp. Finally, fourteen novel splicing events supported both by Cufflinks and UCSC genome browser were selected and confirmed expression by RT-qPCR. Future studies targeted at in-depth characterization of these potential candidate splice isoforms might be helpful in the development of relevant biomarkers for early diagnosis of HC. The results reported in this study refine the available information on transcriptome repertoire of bovine species and boost the research in the line of development of relevant biomarkers for early diagnosis of HC.
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Saferali A, Obeidat M, Bérubé JC, Lamontagne M, Bossé Y, Laviolette M, Hao K, Nickle DC, Timens W, Sin DD, Postma DS, Strug LJ, Gallins PJ, Paré PD, Bingle CD, Sandford AJ. Polymorphisms associated with expression of BPIFA1/BPIFB1 and lung disease severity in cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 53:607-14. [PMID: 25574903 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0182oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BPI fold containing family A, member 1 (BPIFA1) and BPIFB1 are putative innate immune molecules expressed in the upper airways. Because of their hypothesized roles in airway defense, these molecules may contribute to lung disease severity in cystic fibrosis (CF). We interrogated BPIFA1/BPIFB1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in data from an association study of CF modifier genes and found an association of the G allele of rs1078761 with increased lung disease severity (P = 2.71 × 10(-4)). We hypothesized that the G allele of rs1078761 is associated with decreased expression of BPIFA1 and/or BPIFB1. Genome-wide lung gene expression and genotyping data from 1,111 individuals with lung disease, including 51 patients with CF, were tested for associations between genotype and BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 gene expression levels. Findings were validated by quantitative PCR in a subset of 77 individuals. Western blotting was used to measure BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 protein levels in 93 lung and 101 saliva samples. The G allele of rs1078761 was significantly associated with decreased mRNA levels of BPIFA1 (P = 4.08 × 10(-15)) and BPIFB1 (P = 0.0314). These findings were confirmed with quantitative PCR and Western blotting. We conclude that the G allele of rs1078761 may be detrimental to lung function in CF owing to decreased levels of BPIFA1 and BPIFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabida Saferali
- 1 Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, UBC and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- 1 Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, UBC and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | | | - Maxime Lamontagne
- 2 Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec and
| | - Yohan Bossé
- 2 Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec and.,3 Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Quebec
| | - Michel Laviolette
- 2 Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec and
| | - Ke Hao
- 4 Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - David C Nickle
- 5 Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, Massachusetts.,6 Merck, Rahway, New Jersey.,7 Genetics, Rosetta Inpharmatics, Merck, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wim Timens
- Departments of 8 Pathology and Medical Biology and
| | - Don D Sin
- 1 Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, UBC and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- 9 Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa J Strug
- 10 Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital For Sick Children, and Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul J Gallins
- 11 Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and
| | - Peter D Paré
- 1 Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, UBC and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Colin D Bingle
- 12 Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Sandford
- 1 Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, UBC and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia
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Nashida T, Yoshimura K, Yoshie S, Mizuhashi F, Shimomura-Kuroki J. Upregulation of Bpifb1 expression in the parotid glands of non-obese diabetic mice. Oral Dis 2016; 22:46-52. [PMID: 26769076 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the increased mRNA expression of Bpifb1, a member of the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein family, in parotid acinar cells from non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, an animal model for Sjögren's syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Parotid acinar cells were prepared from female NOD (NOD/ShiJcl) mice with or without diabetes, as well as from control (C57BL/6JJcl) mice. Total RNA and homogenate were prepared from the parotid acinar cells. Embryonic cDNA from a Mouse MTC(™) Panel I kit was used. The expression of Bpifb1 was determined by cDNA microarray analysis, RT-PCR, real-time PCR, northern blotting and in situ hybridization. RESULTS The expression of Bpifb1 mRNA was high in parotid acinar cells from diabetic and non-diabetic NOD mice at 5-50 weeks of age. Acinar cells in the C57BL/6 mice had a low expression of Bpifb1 mRNA at an age >8 weeks, but had a relatively high expression in the foetus and infantile stages. CONCLUSIONS Bpifb1 mRNA is upregulated in parotid acinar cells in NOD mice, but its expression is not related to the onset of diabetes. These findings suggest that high expression levels of Bpifb1 might predict disease traits before the onset of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nashida
- Departments of Biochemistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - K Yoshimura
- Departments of Anatomy, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - S Yoshie
- Departments of Histology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - F Mizuhashi
- Departments of Removable Prosthodontics, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - J Shimomura-Kuroki
- Departments of Pediatric Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
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17
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Zhou Y, Liao Q, Li X, Wang H, Wei F, Chen J, Yang J, Zeng Z, Guo X, Chen P, Zhang W, Tang K, Li X, Xiong W, Li G. HYOU1, Regulated by LPLUNC1, Is Up-Regulated in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Associated with Poor Prognosis. J Cancer 2016; 7:367-76. [PMID: 26918051 PMCID: PMC4749358 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the roles and mechanisms of long palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone 1 (LPLUNC1) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: The two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS/MS) was applied to identify differentially expressed proteins after over-expressing LPLUNC1 in NPC cells. The qRT-PCR and Western Blot were used to further validate differentially expression of Hypoxia up-regulated 1 (HYOU1). We also applied immunohistochemistry (IHC) to validate the expression of HYOU1 protein in NPC tissues. Results: Totally 44 differentially expressed proteins were identified, among which 19 proteins were up-regulated and 25 proteins were down-regulated. Function annotation indicated that these proteins were involved in molecular chaperone, cytoskeleton, metabolism and signal transduction. It was shown that the expression of HYOU1 both at mRNA level and protein level was up-regulated significantly in NPC tissues, and HYOU1 protein expression was positively correlated with clinical staging and metastasis of NPC. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that high expression of HYOU1 protein in NPC patients had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). COX multivariate regression analysis further indicated that over-expressed HYOU1 was one of the predictors for poor prognosis in NPC patients. Conclusion: Through regulating proteins in different pathways, LPLUNC1 may inhibit the growth of NPC through participating in cell metabolism, proliferation, transcription and signaling transduction. HYOU1 can be regarded as potential molecular biomarker for progression and prognosis of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhou
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China;; 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- 3. Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Wei
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China;; 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China;; 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofang Guo
- 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Pan Chen
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China;; 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Tang
- 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China;; 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- 1. Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China;; 2. The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China
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Abstract
Submucosal glands contribute to airway surface liquid (ASL), a film that protects all airway surfaces. Glandular mucus comprises electrolytes, water, the gel-forming mucin MUC5B, and hundreds of different proteins with diverse protective functions. Gland volume per unit area of mucosal surface correlates positively with impaction rate of inhaled particles. In human main bronchi, the volume of the glands is ∼ 50 times that of surface goblet cells, but the glands diminish in size and frequency distally. ASL and its trapped particles are removed from the airways by mucociliary transport. Airway glands have a tubuloacinar structure, with a single terminal duct, a nonciliated collecting duct, then branching secretory tubules lined with mucous cells and ending in serous acini. They allow for a massive increase in numbers of mucus-producing cells without replacing surface ciliated cells. Active secretion of Cl(-) and HCO3 (-) by serous cells produces most of the fluid of gland secretions. Glands are densely innervated by tonically active, mutually excitatory airway intrinsic neurons. Most gland mucus is secreted constitutively in vivo, with large, transient increases produced by emergency reflex drive from the vagus. Elevations of [cAMP]i and [Ca(2+)]i coordinate electrolyte and macromolecular secretion and probably occur together for baseline activity in vivo, with cholinergic elevation of [Ca(2+)]i being mainly responsive for transient increases in secretion. Altered submucosal gland function contributes to the pathology of all obstructive diseases, but is an early stage of pathogenesis only in cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan H Widdicombe
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California; and Department of Psychology and Cystic Fibrosis Research Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jeffrey J Wine
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California; and Department of Psychology and Cystic Fibrosis Research Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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A novel siderophore system is essential for the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in airway mucus. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14644. [PMID: 26446565 PMCID: PMC4597187 DOI: 10.1038/srep14644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa establishes airway infections in Cystic Fibrosis patients. Here, we investigate the molecular interactions between P. aeruginosa and airway mucus secretions (AMS) derived from the primary cultures of normal human tracheal epithelial (NHTE) cells. PAO1, a prototype strain of P. aeruginosa, was capable of proliferating during incubation with AMS, while all other tested bacterial species perished. A PAO1 mutant lacking PA4834 gene became susceptible to AMS treatment. The ΔPA4834 mutant was grown in AMS supplemented with 100 μM ferric iron, suggesting that the PA4834 gene product is involved in iron metabolism. Consistently, intracellular iron content was decreased in the mutant, but not in PAO1 after the AMS treatment. Importantly, a PAO1 mutant unable to produce both pyoverdine and pyochelin remained viable, suggesting that these two major siderophore molecules are dispensable for maintaining viability during incubation with AMS. The ΔPA4834 mutant was regrown in AMS amended with 100 μM nicotianamine, a phytosiderophore whose production is predicted to be mediated by the PA4836 gene. Infectivity of the ΔPA4834 mutant was also significantly compromised in vivo. Together, our results identify a genetic element encoding a novel iron acquisition system that plays a previously undiscovered role in P. aeruginosa airway infection.
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20
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Titz B, Sewer A, Schneider T, Elamin A, Martin F, Dijon S, Luettich K, Guedj E, Vuillaume G, Ivanov NV, Peck MJ, Chaudhary NI, Hoeng J, Peitsch MC. Alterations in the sputum proteome and transcriptome in smokers and early-stage COPD subjects. J Proteomics 2015; 128:306-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Gao J, Ohlmeier S, Nieminen P, Toljamo T, Tiitinen S, Kanerva T, Bingle L, Araujo B, Rönty M, Höyhtyä M, Bingle CD, Mazur W, Pulkkinen V. Elevated sputum BPIFB1 levels in smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a longitudinal study. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L17-26. [PMID: 25979078 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00082.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous study involving a proteomic screen of induced sputum from smokers and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) demonstrated elevated levels of bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold-containing protein B1 (BPIFB1). The aim of the present study was to further evaluate the association of sputum BPIFB1 levels with smoking and longitudinal changes in lung function in smokers with COPD. Sputum BPIFB1 was characterized by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The expression of BPIFB1 in COPD was investigated by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry using sputum and lung tissue samples. BPIFB1 levels were also assessed in induced sputum from nonsmokers (n = 31), smokers (n = 169), and patients with COPD (n = 52) via an ELISA-based method. The longitudinal changes in lung function during the 4-year follow-up period were compared with the baseline sputum BPIFB1 levels. In lung tissue samples, BPIFB1 was localized to regions of goblet cell metaplasia. Secreted and glycosylated BPIFB1 was significantly elevated in the sputum of patients with COPD compared with that of smokers and nonsmokers. Sputum BPIFB1 levels correlated with pack-years and lung function as measured by forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted and FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) at baseline and after the 4-year follow-up in all participants. The changes in lung function over 4 years were significantly associated with BPIFB1 levels in current smokers with COPD. In conclusion, higher sputum concentrations of BPIFB1 were associated with changes of lung function over time, especially in current smokers with COPD. BPIFB1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of smoking-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gao
- HUCH Heart and Lung Center, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Ohlmeier
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - P Nieminen
- Medical Informatics and Statistics Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - T Toljamo
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | | | - T Kanerva
- HUCH Heart and Lung Center, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Bingle
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; and
| | - B Araujo
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; and
| | - M Rönty
- HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Höyhtyä
- Medix Biochemica, Kauniainen, Finland
| | - C D Bingle
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; and
| | - W Mazur
- HUCH Heart and Lung Center, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - V Pulkkinen
- HUCH Heart and Lung Center, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland;
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PLUNC proteins positivity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a case-control study. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:853583. [PMID: 25136695 PMCID: PMC4124241 DOI: 10.1155/2014/853583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Innate immunity is the first protection against microorganisms. Nowadays, there is a growing interest in innate immune molecule known as palate, lung, nasal epithelial clone (PLUNC). PLUNC is a specific product of the airways, of approximately 25 kDa, encoded by adjacent genes found within a 300 kb region of chromosome 20; these proteins must be detected predominantly in the upper respiratory tract. Materials and Methods. We performed a case-control study to investigate the presence of this protein in nasal tissue of patients affected by chronic rhinosinusitis. 59 patients were enrolled (44 cases, 15 controls). We have examined the correlation between the presence of pathology and the PLUNC proteins positivity. Results. 100% of controls have a +++ rated PLUNC proteins positivity, while cases have a lower percentage of positivity. We used χ2 statistical test to analyze the results of the study and there is a difference statistically significant between cases and controls in PLUNC proteins positivity. Conclusions. These observations suggest that, in response to agents or chemical factors, nasal mucosal epithelium will react and produce PLUNC proteins. So PLUNC proteins have a protective function on upper airways mucosa, as we can see by evaluating the high positivity in control group.
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Ugonna K, Bingle CD, Plant K, Wilson K, Everard ML. Macrophages are required for dendritic cell uptake of respiratory syncytial virus from an infected epithelium. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91855. [PMID: 24651119 PMCID: PMC3961264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] can productively infect monocyte derived dendritic cells [MoDC] and remain dormant within the same cells for prolonged periods. It is therefore possible that infected dendritic cells act as a reservoir within the airways of individuals between annual epidemics. In the present study we explored the possibility that sub-epithelial DCs can be infected with RSV from differentiated bronchial epithelium and that in turn RSV from DCs can infect the epithelium. A dual co-culture model was established in which a differentiated primary airway epithelium on an Air Liquid Interface (ALI) was cultured on a transwell insert and MoDCs were subsequently added to the basolateral membrane of the insert. Further experiments were undertaken using a triple co-culture model in which in which macrophages were added to the apical surface of the differentiated epithelium. A modified RSV [rr-RSV] expressing a red fluorescent protein marker of replication was used to infect either the MoDCs or the differentiated epithelium and infection of the reciprocal cell type was assessed using confocal microscopy. Our data shows that primary epithelium became infected when rr-RSV infected MoDCs were introduced onto the basal surface of the transwell insert. MoDCs located beneath the epithelium did not become infected with virus from infected epithelial cells in the dual co-culture model. However when macrophages were present on the apical surface of the primary epithelium infection of the basal MoDCs occurred. Our data suggests that RSV infected dendritic cells readily transmit infection to epithelial cells even when they are located beneath the basal layer. However macrophages appear to be necessary for the transmission of infection from epithelial cells to basal dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelechi Ugonna
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Colin D. Bingle
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Dept. of Infection and Immunity University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Plant
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Dept. of Infection and Immunity University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Wilson
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Dept. of Infection and Immunity University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mark L. Everard
- School Of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia
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Koringa PG, Jakhesara SJ, Bhatt VD, Meshram CP, Patel AK, Fefar DT, Joshi CG. Comprehensive transcriptome profiling of squamous cell carcinoma of horn in Bos indicus. Vet Comp Oncol 2013; 14:122-36. [PMID: 24314272 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of horn is frequently observed in Bos indicus affecting 1% of cattle population and accounting 83.34% of total tumours found. The transcriptome profile of horn cancer (HC) tissue and the matched normal (HN) tissue were analysed by RNA-seq using Roche 454 sequencing. A total of 1 504 900 reads comprising of 612 MB data were used to identify differentially expressed genes using CLC Genomic Workbench. These include up-regulation of KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT6C, KRT14, SFN, KRT84, PI3, COL17A1, ANLN, SERPINB5 and down-regulation of BOLA, SCGB1A1, CXCL17, KRT19, BPIFB1, NR4A1 and TFF3 in HC, which are involved in regulation of gene transcription, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell survival and metabolic pathways. The qPCR analysis of several targets suggested concordance of gene expression profile with RNA-seq analysis. The present findings would provide basis for further screening of genes and identification of markers for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Koringa
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - S J Jakhesara
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - V D Bhatt
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - C P Meshram
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - A K Patel
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - D T Fefar
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
| | - C G Joshi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
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Bingle CD, Araujo B, Wallace WA, Hirani N, Bingle L. What is top of the charts? BPIFB1/LPLUNC1 localises to the bronchiolised epithelium in the honeycomb cysts in UIP. Thorax 2013; 68:1167-8. [PMID: 24014631 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin D Bingle
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, , Sheffield, UK
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26
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Koringa PG, Jakhesara SJ, Bhatt VD, Patel AB, Dash D, Joshi CG. Transcriptome analysis and SNP identification in SCC of horn in (Bos indicus) Indian cattle. Gene 2013; 530:119-26. [PMID: 23978612 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have become the marker of choice for genome wide association studies. In order to provide the best genome coverage for the analysis of disease, production and performance traits, a large number of relatively evenly distributed SNPs are needed. The main objective of present work was to identify large numbers of gene-associated SNPs using high-throughput sequencing in squamous cell carcinoma of horn. RNA-seq analysis was conducted on 2 tissues viz. Horn Cancer (HC) and Horn Normal (HN) in Kankrej breed of cattle. A total of 909,362 reads with average read length of 405 bp for HC and 583,491 reads with average read length of 411 bp for HN were obtained. We found 9532 and 7065 SNPs as well as 1771 and 1172 Indels in HC and HN, respectively, from which, 7889 SNPs and 1736 Indels were uniquely present in HC, 5886 SNPs and 1146 Indels were uniquely present in HN and reported first time in Bos indicus, whereas the rest are already reported in Bos taurus dbSNP database. The gene-associated SNPs and Indels were high in upregulated genes of HC as compared to HN. Analysis of differentially expressed genes was identified, these genes are involved in regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, gene transcription, cell survival and metabolism through various metabolic pathways. The result of transcriptome expression profiling was validated using Real Time quantitative PCR in nine randomly selected genes. We identified numbers aberrant signaling pathways responsible for carcinogenesis in HC which are also commonly altered in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of lung in human being. We conclude that a large number of altered genes and dysfunction of multiple pathways are involved in the development of Horn Cancer. The present findings contribute to theoretical information for further screening of genes and identification of markers for early diagnosis of HC as well as SNPs identified in this report provide a much needed resource for genetic studies in B. indicus and shall contribute to the development of a high density SNP array. Validation and testing of these SNPs using SNP arrays will form the material basis for gene associated SNPs in HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash G Koringa
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388001, Gujarat, India.
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27
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LPLUNC1 suppresses IL-6-induced nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation via inhibiting the Stat3 activation. Oncogene 2013; 33:2098-109. [PMID: 23708661 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-related chronic inflammation and interleukin-6 (IL-6) contribute to the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we characterized TAMs and IL-6 expression in 212 biopsied NPC and 119 non-tumor nasopharyngeal epithelium (NPE) tissues by tissue array. In comparison with that in the NPE tissues, more TAM infiltrates and a higher density of IL-6 expression were detected in NPC tissues, which were associated with the poor survival of NPC patients. In contrast, little or no LPLUNC1, a regulator of inflammation, expression was detected in NPC tissues, and the levels of LPLUNC1 expression in the NPC were associated negatively with the numbers of TAMs and the levels of IL-6 expression, but positively with the survival of NPC patients. Induction of LPLUNC1 overexpression in NPC cells mitigated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1β expression or treatment of THP-1 macrophages with LPLUNC1 inhibited spontaneous and LPS-induced IL-6 expression in vitro. IL-6-promoted NPC cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, accompanied by increasing cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 expression and the Stat3 activation, but inhibiting Bax and p21 expression. Induction of LPLUNC1 overexpression inhibited NPC cell proliferation, induced NPC cell arrest, promoted NPC cell apoptosis even after IL-6 stimulation and inhibited the growth of implanted NPC tumors in vivo, which were associated with decreasing cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 expression and the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/Stat3 activation, but enhancing Bax and p21 expression. These results suggest that LPLUNC1 can inhibit inflammation and NPC growth by downregulating the Stat3 pathway.
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Tsou YA, Chen CM, Lin TC, Hu FW, Tai CJ, Chen HC, Yeh TH, Harn HJ, Tsai MH, Jan CI. Decreased SPLUNC1 expression is associated with Pseudomonas infection in surgically treated chronic rhinosinusitis patients who may require repeated sinus surgery. Laryngoscope 2013; 123:845-51. [PMID: 23371910 DOI: 10.1002/lary.23871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Chronic rhinosinusitis colonized with Pseudomonas aruginosa is difficult to treat and is related to biofilm formation. Repeated sinus surgery is often required for these patients. Short palate, lung, and nasal epithelial clone 1 (SPLUNC1) is an epithelium-secreted protein that is involved in innate immunity and has anti-Pseudomonas and antibiofilm functions. This study examined if SPLUNC1 expression was related to sinusitis with bacterial culture positive for Pseudomonas and the possibility of using SPLUNC1 to predict treatment outcomes for sinusitis. STUDY DESIGN Nonrandomized retrospective study. METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients at a tertiary referral center. Pseudomonas aruginosa infection was compared to clinical variables such as SPLUNC1 mRNA expression levels, immunohistochemical (IHC) stain intensity, Lund-Mackay sinus computed tomography scores, rapid recurrent sinusitis, requirement for repeat sinus surgery, Phadiatop test results, age, gender, nasal polyp(s), and patients' presence/absence of diabetes mellitus. Comparisons between groups were performed using the χ(2) test or Fisher exact test when one confronter was <5. The statistical analyses were carried out with SPSS version 13. RESULTS P. aeruginosa sinus infections were associated with lower sinus mucosa SPLUNC1 expression (P = .0018), weaker SPLUNC1 IHC staining intensity (P = .011), and poor postoperative outcome (i.e., need repeated sinus surgery) (P < .001). Other factors were not associated with Pseudomonas sinus infection. CONCLUSIONS Sinusitis with positive P. aeruginosa bacterial culture is associated with decreased SPLUNC1 sinus mucosa expression. Repeated sinus surgeries are more frequently needed for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-An Tsou
- Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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29
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Musa M, Wilson K, Sun L, Mulay A, Bingle L, Marriott HM, LeClair EE, Bingle CD. Differential localisation of BPIFA1 (SPLUNC1) and BPIFB1 (LPLUNC1) in the nasal and oral cavities of mice. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 350:455-64. [PMID: 22986921 PMCID: PMC3505551 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1490-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite being initially identified in mice, little is known about the sites of production of members of the BPI fold (BPIF) containing (PLUNC) family of putative innate defence proteins in this species. These proteins have largely been considered to be specificaly expressed in the respiratory tract, and we have recently shown that they exhibit differential expression in the epithelium of the proximal airways. In this study, we have used species-specific antibodies to systematically localize two members of this protein family; BPIFA1 (PLUNC/SPLUNC1) and BPIFB1 (LPLUNC1) in adult mice. In general, these proteins exhibit distinct and only partially overlapping localization. BPIFA1 is highly expressed in the respiratory epithelium and Bowman’s glands of the nasal passages, whereas BPIFB1 is present in small subset of goblet cells in the nasal passage and pharynx. BPIFB1 is also present in the serous glands in the proximal tongue where is co-localised with the salivary gland specific family member, BPIFA2E (parotid secretory protein) and also in glands of the soft palate. Both proteins exhibit limited expression outside of these regions. These results are consistent with the localization of the proteins seen in man. Knowledge of the complex expression patterns of BPIF proteins in these regions will allow the use of tractable mouse models of disease to dissect their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maslinda Musa
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, UK
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30
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Abstract
Although the biology the PLUNC (recently renamed BPI fold, BPIF) family of secreted proteins is poorly understood, multiple array based studies have suggested that some are differentially expressed in lung diseases. We have examined the expression of BPIFB1 (LPLUNC1), the prototypic two-domain containing family member, in lungs from CF patients and in mouse models of CF lung disease. BPIFB1 was localized in CF lung samples along with BPIFA1, MUC5AC, CD68 and NE and directly compared to histologically normal lung tissues and that of bacterial pneumonia. We generated novel antibodies to mouse BPIF proteins to conduct similar studies on ENaC transgenic (ENaC-Tg) mice, a model for CF-like lung disease. Small airways in CF demonstrated marked epithelial staining of BPIFB1 in goblet cells but staining was absent from alveolar regions. BPIFA1 and BPIFB1 were not co-localised in the diseased lungs. In ENaC-Tg mice there was strong staining of both proteins in the airways and luminal contents. This was most marked for BPIFB1 and was noted within 2 weeks of birth. The two proteins were present in distinct cells within epithelium. BPIFB1 was readily detected in BAL from ENaC-Tg mice but was absent from wild-type mice. Alterations in the expression of BPIF proteins is associated with CF lung disease in humans and mice. It is unclear if this elevation of protein production, which results from phenotypic alteration of the cells within the diseased epithelium, plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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31
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Wu MM, Sun H, Nan Q. Expression and Clinical Significance of Plunc Protein in Nasal Polyp and Chronic Sinusitis Tissue. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/014556131209100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a study to validate the expression of PLUNC (palate, lung, and nasal epithelial clone) protein in nasal polyp and chronic sinusitis tissue by immunohistochemistry. We also explored the relationship between the intensity of positive immunohistochemical staining for PLUNC protein and postoperative therapeutic efficacy. Our study population consisted of 34 patients with nasal polyps and 30 with chronic sinusitis who had undergone surgical treatment, along with 18 healthy controls who did not undergo surgery. All samples were stained according to the streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemical method to examine PLUNC protein expression. The surgical patients were evaluated for clinical therapeutic efficacy 6 months postoperatively. The association between efficacy and the intensity of PLUNC protein positivity was examined by the Spearman rank correlation analysis. Intensity was rated as either +++ (>50% positive cells), ++ (26 to 50% positive cells), + (≤25% positive cells), or - (no positive cells). We found that the most common levels of PLUNC positivity were + in the patients with nasalpolyps, +++ in the patients with chronic sinusitis, and ++ in the controls (p < 0.01). Analysis of the Spearman rank correlation indicated that the intensity of PLUNC protein expression was significantly correlated with postoperative therapeutic efficacy (p < 0.001). We conclude that PLUNC protein is an essential factor in the innate defense mechanism of the nasal mucosa. The immunohistochemical staining of PLUNC protein could have clinical benefit in terms of predicting therapeutic efficacy and outcomes in patients with nasalpolyps or chronic sinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-man Wu
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First
Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming,
People's Republic of China (Dr. Wu); the Department of
Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South
University, Changsha, People's Republic of China (Dr. Sun); and the
Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical
| | - Hong Sun
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First
Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming,
People's Republic of China (Dr. Wu); the Department of
Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South
University, Changsha, People's Republic of China (Dr. Sun); and the
Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical
| | - Qiong Nan
- From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First
Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming,
People's Republic of China (Dr. Wu); the Department of
Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South
University, Changsha, People's Republic of China (Dr. Sun); and the
Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical
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González-Arriagada WA, Santos-Silva AR, Ito FA, Vargas PA, Speight PM, Bingle L, Lopes MA. Expression pattern of PLUNC proteins as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary gland. J Oral Pathol Med 2012; 41:589-97. [PMID: 22487508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01145.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are the most frequent malignant neoplasia of the salivary glands and are histologically classified as low, intermediate, and high grade. At present, histochemical stains such as periodic acid-Schiff or mucicarmine are useful tools in making a diagnosis. Recently, expression of the PLUNC proteins has been described in mucin-producing salivary gland tumors, with the suggestion that they could provide a powerful tool for the diagnosis of difficult cases. METHODS This study evaluates the expression of PLUNC proteins in 30 cases of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinomas. Tumors were reviewed and classified according to histological grade. Periodic acid-Schiff, mucicarmine, and immunohistochemical staining for SPLUNC1, LPLUNC1, SPLUNC2, and LPLUNC2 were carried out. Immunostaining was classified as positive or negative. RESULTS The majority of the tumors (63%) were classified as low grade, 13% were intermediate grade, and 23% were high grade. SPLUNC1 (90%) and LPLUNC1 (93%) were positive in the majority of cases, mainly in mucous cells, mucin plugs, and intermediate cells. SPLUNC2 and LPLUNC2 did not present significative expression within the tumors; however, LPLUNC2 was found to stain positively in mast cells in 83% of the samples. CONCLUSIONS SPLUNC1 and LPLUNC1 showed a similar pattern of expression and could prove useful in the diagnosis of high-grade cases because of the differential staining in intermediate and epidermoid cells. The expression of LPLUNC2 in mast cells has not previously been reported, but further studies are necessary to validate this finding and to determine its significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo A González-Arriagada
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Hackett NR, Butler MW, Shaykhiev R, Salit J, Omberg L, Rodriguez-Flores JL, Mezey JG, Strulovici-Barel Y, Wang G, Didon L, Crystal RG. RNA-Seq quantification of the human small airway epithelium transcriptome. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:82. [PMID: 22375630 PMCID: PMC3337229 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The small airway epithelium (SAE), the cell population that covers the human airway surface from the 6th generation of airway branching to the alveoli, is the major site of lung disease caused by smoking. The focus of this study is to provide quantitative assessment of the SAE transcriptome in the resting state and in response to chronic cigarette smoking using massive parallel mRNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Results The data demonstrate that 48% of SAE expressed genes are ubiquitous, shared with many tissues, with 52% enriched in this cell population. The most highly expressed gene, SCGB1A1, is characteristic of Clara cells, the cell type unique to the human SAE. Among other genes expressed by the SAE are those related to Clara cell differentiation, secretory mucosal defense, and mucociliary differentiation. The high sensitivity of RNA-Seq permitted quantification of gene expression related to infrequent cell populations such as neuroendocrine cells and epithelial stem/progenitor cells. Quantification of the absolute smoking-induced changes in SAE gene expression revealed that, compared to ubiquitous genes, more SAE-enriched genes responded to smoking with up-regulation, and those with the highest basal expression levels showed most dramatic changes. Smoking had no effect on SAE gene splicing, but was associated with a shift in molecular pattern from Clara cell-associated towards the mucus-secreting cell differentiation pathway with multiple features of cancer-associated molecular phenotype. Conclusions These observations provide insights into the unique biology of human SAE by providing quantit-ative assessment of the global transcriptome under physiological conditions and in response to the stress of chronic cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R Hackett
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
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Abstract
Proteins of the BPI (bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein)-like family contain either one or two tandem copies of a fold that usually provides a tubular cavity for the binding of lipids. Bioinformatic analyses show that, in addition to its known members, which include BPI, LBP [LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-binding protein)], CETP (cholesteryl ester-transfer protein), PLTP (phospholipid-transfer protein) and PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone) protein, this family also includes other, more divergent groups containing hypothetical proteins from fungi, nematodes and deep-branching unicellular eukaryotes. More distantly, BPI-like proteins are related to a family of arthropod proteins that includes hormone-binding proteins (Takeout-like; previously described to adopt a BPI-like fold), allergens and several groups of uncharacterized proteins. At even greater evolutionary distance, BPI-like proteins are homologous with the SMP (synaptotagmin-like, mitochondrial and lipid-binding protein) domains, which are found in proteins associated with eukaryotic membrane processes. In particular, SMP domain-containing proteins of yeast form the ERMES [ER (endoplasmic reticulum)-mitochondria encounter structure], required for efficient phospholipid exchange between these organelles. This suggests that SMP domains themselves bind lipids and mediate their exchange between heterologous membranes. The most distant group of homologues we detected consists of uncharacterized animal proteins annotated as TM (transmembrane) 24. We propose to group these families together into one superfamily that we term as the TULIP (tubular lipid-binding) domain superfamily.
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Shin OS, Uddin T, Citorik R, Wang JP, Della Pelle P, Kradin RL, Bingle CD, Bingle L, Camilli A, Bhuiyan TR, Shirin T, Ryan ET, Calderwood SB, Finberg RW, Qadri F, Larocque RC, Harris JB. LPLUNC1 modulates innate immune responses to Vibrio cholerae. J Infect Dis 2011; 204:1349-57. [PMID: 21900486 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrate that long palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone 1 protein (LPLUNC1) is involved in immune responses to Vibrio cholerae, and that variations in the LPLUNC1 promoter influence susceptibility to severe cholera in humans. However, no functional role for LPLUNC1 has been identified. METHODS We investigated the role of LPLUNC1 in immune responses to V. cholerae, assessing its affect on bacterial growth and killing and on innate inflammatory responses to bacterial outer membrane components, including purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and outer membrane vesicles. We performed immunostaining for LPLUNC1 in duodenal biopsies from cholera patients and uninfected controls. RESULTS LPLUNC1 decreased proinflammatory innate immune responses to V. cholerae and Escherichia coli LPS. The effect of LPLUNC1 was dose-dependent and occurred in a TLR4-dependent manner. LPLUNC1 did not affect lipoprotein-mediated TLR2 activation. Immunostaining demonstrated expression of LPLUNC1 in Paneth cells in cholera patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that LPLUNC1 is expressed in Paneth cells and likely plays a role in modulating host inflammatory responses to V. cholerae infection. Attenuation of innate immune responses to LPS by LPLUNC1 may have implications for the maintenance of immune homeostasis in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok S Shin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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36
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Abstract
Members of the protein family having similarity to BPI (bactericidal/permeability increasing protein) (the BPI-like proteins), also known as the PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone) family, have been found in a range of mammals; however, those in species other than human or mouse have been relatively little characterized. Analysis of the BPI-like proteins in cattle presents unique opportunities to investigate the function of these proteins, as well as address their evolution and contribution to the distinct physiology of ruminants. The present review summarizes the current understanding of the nature of the BPI-like locus in cattle, including the duplications giving rise to the multiple BSP30 (bovine salivary protein 30 kDa) genes from an ancestral gene in common with the single PSP (parotid secretory protein) gene found in monogastric species. Current knowledge of the expression of the BPI-like proteins in cattle is also presented, including their pattern of expression among tissues, which illustrate their independent regulation at sites of high pathogen exposure, and the abundance of the BSP30 proteins in saliva and salivary tissues. Finally, investigations of the function of the BSP30 proteins are presented, including their antimicrobial, lipopolysaccharide-binding and bacterial aggregation activities. These results are discussed in relation to hypotheses regarding the physiological role of the BPI-like proteins in cattle, including the role they may play in host defence and the unique aspects of digestion in ruminants.
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37
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Abstract
Although gene expression studies have shown that human PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone) proteins are predominantly expressed in the upper airways, nose and mouth, and proteomic studies have indicated they are secreted into airway and nasal lining fluids and saliva, there is currently little information concerning the localization of human PLUNC proteins. Our studies have focused on the localization of three members of this protein family, namely SPLUNC1 (short PLUNC1), SPLUNC2 and LPLUNC1 (long PLUNC1). Western blotting has indicated that PLUNC proteins are highly glycosylated, whereas immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated distinct patterns of expression. For example, SPLUNC2 is expressed in serous cells of the major salivary glands and in minor mucosal glands, whereas SPLUNC1 is expressed in the mucous cells of these glands. LPLUNC1 is a product of a population of goblet cells in the airway epithelium and nasal passages and expressed in airway submucosal glands and minor glands of the oral and nasal cavities. SPLUNC1 is also found in the epithelium of the upper airways and nasal passages and in airway submucosal glands, but is not co-expressed with LPLUNC1. We suggest that this differential expression may be reflected in the function of individual PLUNC proteins.
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38
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Chiang SC, Veldhuizen EJ, Barnes FA, Craven CJ, Haagsman HP, Bingle CD. Identification and characterisation of the BPI/LBP/PLUNC-like gene repertoire in chickens reveals the absence of a LBP gene. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 35:285-95. [PMID: 20959152 PMCID: PMC3253384 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2010.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Palate, lung and nasal epithelial clone (PLUNC) proteins are structural homologues to the innate defence molecules LPS-binding protein (LBP) and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI). PLUNCs make up the largest portion of the wider BPI/LBP/PLUNC-like protein family and are amongst the most rapidly evolving mammalian genes. In this study we systematically identified and characterised BPI/LBP/PLUNC-like protein-encoding genes in the chicken genome. We identified eleven complete genes (and a pseudogene). Five of them are clustered on a >50 kb locus on chromosome 20, immediately adjacent to BPI. In addition to BPI, we have identified presumptive orthologues LPLUNCs 2, 3, 4 and 6, and BPIL-2. We find no evidence for the existence of single domain containing proteins in birds. Strikingly our analysis also suggests that there is no LBP orthologue in chicken. This observation may in part account for the relative resistance to LPS toxicity observed in birds. Our results indicate significant differences between the avian and mammalian repertoires of BPI/LBP/PLUNC-like genes at the genomic and transcriptional levels and provide a framework for further functional analyses of this gene family in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chieh Chiang
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Edwin J.A. Veldhuizen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.165, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frances A. Barnes
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - C. Jeremy Craven
- Krebs Institute for Biomolecular Research, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Henk P. Haagsman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.165, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Colin D. Bingle
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
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39
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Hübner S, Efthymiadis A. Histochemistry and cell biology: the annual review 2010. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 135:111-40. [PMID: 21279376 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0781-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent advances in histochemistry and cell biology which complement and extend our knowledge regarding various aspects of protein functions, cell and tissue biology, employing appropriate in vivo model systems in conjunction with established and novel approaches. In this context several non-expected results and discoveries were obtained which paved the way of research into new directions. Once the reader embarks on reading this review, it quickly becomes quite obvious that the studies contribute not only to a better understanding of fundamental biological processes but also provide use-oriented aspects that can be derived therefrom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hübner
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Koellikerstrasse 6, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
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