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Takahashi S, Homma K. The molecular principles underlying diverse functions of the SLC26 family of proteins. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107261. [PMID: 38582450 PMCID: PMC11078650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian SLC26 proteins are membrane-based anion transporters that belong to the large SLC26/SulP family, and many of their variants are associated with hereditary diseases. Recent structural studies revealed a strikingly similar homodimeric molecular architecture for several SLC26 members, implying a shared molecular principle. Now a new question emerges as to how these structurally similar proteins execute diverse physiological functions. In this study, we sought to identify the common versus distinct molecular mechanism among the SLC26 proteins using both naturally occurring and artificial missense changes introduced to SLC26A4, SLC26A5, and SLC26A9. We found: (i) the basic residue at the anion binding site is essential for both anion antiport of SLC26A4 and motor functions of SLC26A5, and its conversion to a nonpolar residue is crucial but not sufficient for the fast uncoupled anion transport in SLC26A9; (ii) the conserved polar residues in the N- and C-terminal cytosolic domains are likely involved in dynamic hydrogen-bonding networks and are essential for anion antiport of SLC26A4 but not for motor (SLC26A5) and uncoupled anion transport (SLC26A9) functions; (iii) the hydrophobic interaction between each protomer's last transmembrane helices, TM14, is not of functional significance in SLC26A9 but crucial for the functions of SLC26A4 and SLC26A5, likely contributing to optimally orient the axis of the relative movements of the core domain with respect to the gate domains within the cell membrane. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the diverse physiological roles of the SLC26 family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoe Takahashi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Center for Mechanical Excitability, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kazuaki Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Center for Mechanical Excitability, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; The Hugh Knowles Center for Clinical and Basic Science in Hearing and Its Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
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Takahashi S, Homma K. The molecular principles underlying diverse functions of the SLC26 family of proteins. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.10.570988. [PMID: 38106153 PMCID: PMC10723444 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.10.570988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian SLC26 proteins are membrane-based anion transporters that belong to the large SLC26/SulP family, and many of their variants are associated with hereditary diseases. Recent structural studies revealed a strikingly similar homodimeric molecular architecture for several SLC26 members, implying a shared molecular principle. Now a new question emerges as to how these structurally similar proteins execute diverse physiological functions. In this study we sought to identify the common vs. distinct molecular mechanism among the SLC26 proteins using both naturally occurring and artificial missense changes introduced to SLC26A4, SLC26A5, and SLC26A9. We found: (i) the basic residue at the anion binding site is essential for both anion antiport of SLC26A4 and motor functions of SLC26A5, and its conversion to a nonpolar residue is crucial but not sufficient for the fast uncoupled anion transport in SLC26A9; (ii) the conserved polar residues in the N- and C-terminal cytosolic domains are likely involved in dynamic hydrogen-bonding networks and are essential for anion antiport of SLC26A4 but not for motor (SLC26A5) and uncoupled anion transport (SLC26A9) functions; (iii) the hydrophobic interaction between each protomer's last transmembrane helices, TM14, is not of functional significance in SLC26A9 but crucial for the functions of SLC26A4 and SLC26A5, likely contributing to optimally orient the axis of the relative movements of the core domain with respect to the gate domains within the cell membrane. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the diverse physiological roles of the SLC26 family of proteins.
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Barnes CC, Yee KT, Vetter DE. Conditional Ablation of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptors from Cochlear Supporting Cells Reveals Their Differential Roles for Hearing Sensitivity and Dynamics of Recovery from Noise-Induced Hearing Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3320. [PMID: 36834731 PMCID: PMC9961551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous glucocorticoids (GC) are known to modulate basic elements of cochlear physiology. These include both noise-induced injury and circadian rhythms. While GC signaling in the cochlea can directly influence auditory transduction via actions on hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, evidence also indicates that GC signaling exerts effects via tissue homeostatic processes that can include effects on cochlear immunomodulation. GCs act at both the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Most cell types in the cochlea express both receptors sensitive to GCs. The GR is associated with acquired sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) through its effects on both gene expression and immunomodulatory programs. The MR has been associated with age-related hearing loss through dysfunction of ionic homeostatic balance. Cochlear supporting cells maintain local homeostatic requirements, are sensitive to perturbation, and participate in inflammatory signaling. Here, we have used conditional gene manipulation techniques to target Nr3c1 (GR) or Nr3c2 (MR) for tamoxifen-induced gene ablation in Sox9-expressing cochlear supporting cells of adult mice to investigate whether either of the receptors sensitive to GCs plays a role in protecting against (or exacerbating) noise-induced cochlear damage. We have selected mild intensity noise exposure to examine the role of these receptors related to more commonly experienced noise levels. Our results reveal distinct roles of these GC receptors for both basal auditory thresholds prior to noise exposure and during recovery from mild noise exposure. Prior to noise exposure, auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were measured in mice carrying the floxed allele of interest and the Cre recombinase transgene, but not receiving tamoxifen injections (defined as control (no tamoxifen treatment), versus conditional knockout (cKO) mice, defined as mice having received tamoxifen injections. Results revealed hypersensitive thresholds to mid- to low-frequencies after tamoxifen-induced GR ablation from Sox9-expressing cochlear supporting cells compared to control (no tamoxifen) mice. GR ablation from Sox9-expressing cochlear supporting cells resulted in a permanent threshold shift in mid-basal cochlear frequency regions after mild noise exposure that produced only a temporary threshold shift in both control (no tamoxifen) f/fGR:Sox9iCre+ and heterozygous f/+GR:Sox9iCre+ tamoxifen-treated mice. A similar comparison of basal ABRs measured in control (no tamoxifen) and tamoxifen-treated, floxed MR mice prior to noise exposure indicated no difference in baseline thresholds. After mild noise exposure, MR ablation was initially associated with a complete threshold recovery at 22.6 kHz by 3 days post-noise. Threshold continued to shift to higher sensitivity over time such that by 30 days post-noise exposure the 22.6 kHz ABR threshold was 10 dB more sensitive than baseline. Further, MR ablation produced a temporary reduction in peak 1 neural amplitude one day post-noise. While supporting cell GR ablation trended towards reducing numbers of ribbon synapses, MR ablation reduced ribbon synapse counts but did not exacerbate noise-induced damage including synapse loss at the experimental endpoint. GR ablation from the targeted supporting cells increased the basal resting number of Iba1-positive (innate) immune cells (no noise exposure) and decreased the number of Iba1-positive cells seven days following noise exposure. MR ablation did not alter innate immune cell numbers at seven days post-noise exposure. Taken together, these findings support differential roles of cochlear supporting cell MR and GR expression at basal, resting conditions and especially during recovery from noise exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C. Barnes
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Kathleen T. Yee
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Douglas E. Vetter
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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Effertz T, Moser T, Oliver D. Recent advances in cochlear hair cell nanophysiology: subcellular compartmentalization of electrical signaling in compact sensory cells. Fac Rev 2021; 9:24. [PMID: 33659956 PMCID: PMC7886071 DOI: 10.12703/r/9-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, genetics, physiology, and structural biology have advanced into the molecular details of the sensory physiology of auditory hair cells. Inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs) mediate two key functions: active amplification and non-linear compression of cochlear vibrations by OHCs and sound encoding by IHCs at their afferent synapses with the spiral ganglion neurons. OHCs and IHCs share some molecular physiology, e.g. mechanotransduction at the apical hair bundles, ribbon-type presynaptic active zones, and ionic conductances in the basolateral membrane. Unique features enabling their specific function include prestin-based electromotility of OHCs and indefatigable transmitter release at the highest known rates by ribbon-type IHC active zones. Despite their compact morphology, the molecular machineries that either generate electrical signals or are driven by these signals are essentially all segregated into local subcellular structures. This review provides a brief account on recent insights into the molecular physiology of cochlear hair cells with a specific focus on organization into membrane domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Effertz
- InnerEarLab, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Moser
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
- Auditory Neuroscience Group, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Synaptic Nanophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Oliver
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Philipps University, Deutschhausstraße 2, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Universities of Marburg and Giessen, Germany
- DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodelling, GRK 2213, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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Diao H, Zhao L, Qin L, Bai W, Wang K, Zhang J, Chen X, Jiang H, Mao L. Lower expression of prestin and MYO7A correlates with menopause-associated hearing loss. Climacteric 2019; 22:361-369. [PMID: 30612476 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1547698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Diao
- Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shi, China
| | - L. Zhao
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Shi, China
| | - L. Qin
- Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing Shi, China
| | - W. Bai
- Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shi, China
| | - K. Wang
- Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing Shi, China
| | - J. Zhang
- Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shi, China
| | - X. Chen
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Shi, China
| | - H. Jiang
- Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing Shi, China
| | - L. Mao
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Shi, China
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Takahashi S, Sun W, Zhou Y, Homma K, Kachar B, Cheatham MA, Zheng J. Prestin Contributes to Membrane Compartmentalization and Is Required for Normal Innervation of Outer Hair Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:211. [PMID: 30079013 PMCID: PMC6062617 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer hair cells (OHC) act as amplifiers and their function is modified by medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferents. The unique OHC motor protein, prestin, provides the molecular basis for somatic electromotility, which is required for sensitivity and frequency selectivity, the hallmarks of mammalian hearing. Prestin proteins are the major component of the lateral membrane of mature OHCs, which separates apical and basal domains. To investigate the contribution of prestin to this unique arrangement, we compared the distribution of membrane proteins in OHCs of wildtype (WT) and prestin-knockout (KO) mice. In WT, the apical protein PMCA2 was exclusively localized to the hair bundles, while it was also found at the lateral membrane in KOs. Similarly, a basal protein KCNQ4 did not coalesce at the base of OHCs but was widely dispersed in mice lacking prestin. Since the expression levels of PMCA2 and KCNQ4 remained unchanged in KOs, the data indicate that prestin is required for the normal distribution of apical and basal membrane proteins in OHCs. Since OHC synapses predominate in the basal subnuclear region, we also examined the synaptic architecture in prestin-KO mice. Although neurite densities were not affected, MOC efferent terminals in prestin-KO mice were no longer constrained to the basal pole as in WT. This trend was evident as early as at postnatal day 12. Furthermore, terminals were often enlarged and frequently appeared as singlets when compared to the multiple clusters of individual terminals in WT. This abnormality in MOC synaptic morphology in prestin-KO mice is similar to defects in mice lacking MOC pathway proteins such as α9/α10 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and BK channels, indicating a role for prestin in the proper establishment of MOC synapses. To investigate the contribution of prestin’s electromotility, we also examined OHCs from a mouse model that expresses non-functional prestin (499-prestin). We found no changes in PMCA2 localization and MOC synaptic morphology in OHCs from 499-prestin mice. Taken together, these results indicate that prestin, independent of its motile function, plays an important structural role in membrane compartmentalization, which is required for the formation of normal efferent-OHC synapses in mature OHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoe Takahashi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Willy Sun
- Section on Structural Cell Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yingjie Zhou
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Kazuaki Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,The Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Bechara Kachar
- Section on Structural Cell Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mary Ann Cheatham
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.,The Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.,The Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
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Vogl C, Butola T, Haag N, Hausrat TJ, Leitner MG, Moutschen M, Lefèbvre PP, Speckmann C, Garrett L, Becker L, Fuchs H, Hrabe de Angelis M, Nietzsche S, Kessels MM, Oliver D, Kneussel M, Kilimann MW, Strenzke N. The BEACH protein LRBA is required for hair bundle maintenance in cochlear hair cells and for hearing. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:2015-2029. [PMID: 28893864 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201643689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide-responsive beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) belongs to the enigmatic class of BEACH domain-containing proteins, which have been attributed various cellular functions, typically involving intracellular protein and membrane transport processes. Here, we show that LRBA deficiency in mice leads to progressive sensorineural hearing loss. In LRBA knockout mice, inner and outer hair cell stereociliary bundles initially develop normally, but then partially degenerate during the second postnatal week. LRBA deficiency is associated with a reduced abundance of radixin and Nherf2, two adaptor proteins, which are important for the mechanical stability of the basal taper region of stereocilia. Our data suggest that due to the loss of structural integrity of the central parts of the hair bundle, the hair cell receptor potential is reduced, resulting in a loss of cochlear sensitivity and functional loss of the fraction of spiral ganglion neurons with low spontaneous firing rates. Clinical data obtained from two human patients with protein-truncating nonsense or frameshift mutations suggest that LRBA deficiency may likewise cause syndromic sensorineural hearing impairment in humans, albeit less severe than in our mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vogl
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tanvi Butola
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Synaptic Nanophysiology Group, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Natja Haag
- Institute for Biochemistry I, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Torben J Hausrat
- Department for Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael G Leitner
- Department of Physiology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michel Moutschen
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Liège CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe P Lefèbvre
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Liège CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency and Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lillian Garrett
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Michael M Kessels
- Institute for Biochemistry I, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Dominik Oliver
- Department of Physiology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kneussel
- Department for Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred W Kilimann
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nicola Strenzke
- Auditory Systems Physiology Group Department of Otolaryngology University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Harasztosi C, Gummer AW. The chloride-channel blocker 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid reduces the nonlinear capacitance of prestin-associated charge movement. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 43:1062-74. [PMID: 26869218 PMCID: PMC5111741 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The basis of the extraordinary sensitivity and frequency selectivity of the cochlea is a chloride-sensitive protein called prestin which can produce an electromechanical response and which resides in the basolateral plasma membrane of outer hair cells (OHCs). The compound 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-AC), an inhibitor of chloride channels, has been found to reduce the electromechanical response of the cochlea and the OHC mechanical impedance. To elucidate these 9-AC effects, the functional electromechanical status of prestin was assayed by measuring the nonlinear capacitance of OHCs from the guinea-pig cochlea and of prestin-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells. Extracellular application of 9-AC caused reversible, dose-dependent and chloride-sensitive reduction in OHC nonlinear charge transfer, Qmax . Prestin-transfected cells also showed reversible reduction in Qmax . For OHCs, intracellular 9-AC application as well as reduced intracellular pH had no detectable effect on the reduction in Qmax by extracellularly applied 9-AC. In the prestin-transfected cells, cytosolic application of 9-AC approximately halved the blocking efficacy of extracellularly applied 9-AC. OHC inside-out patches presented the whole-cell blocking characteristics. Disruption of the cytoskeleton by preventing actin polymerization with latrunculin A or by decoupling of spectrin from actin with diamide did not affect the 9-AC-evoked reduction in Qmax . We conclude that 9-AC acts on the electromechanical transducer principally by interaction with prestin rather than acting via the cytoskeleton, chloride channels or pH. The 9-AC block presents characteristics in common with salicylate, but is almost an order of magnitude faster. 9-AC provides a new tool for elucidating the molecular dynamics of prestin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Harasztosi
- Section of Physiological Acoustics and Communication, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anthony W Gummer
- Section of Physiological Acoustics and Communication, Faculty of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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The Histochem Cell Biol conspectus: the year 2013 in review. Histochem Cell Biol 2014; 141:337-63. [PMID: 24610091 PMCID: PMC7087837 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-014-1207-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we provide a brief synopsis of all manuscripts published in Histochem Cell Biol in the year 2013. For ease of reference, we have divided the manuscripts into the following categories: Advances in Methodologies; Molecules in Health and Disease; Organelles, Subcellular Structures and Compartments; Golgi Apparatus; Intermediate Filaments and Cytoskeleton; Connective Tissue and Extracellular Matrix; Autophagy; Stem Cells; Musculoskeletal System; Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems; Gastrointestinal Tract; Central Nervous System; Peripheral Nervous System; Excretory Glands; Kidney and Urinary Bladder; and Male and Female Reproductive Systems. We hope that the readership will find this annual journal synopsis of value and serve as a quick, categorized reference guide for “state-of-the-art” manuscripts in the areas of histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and cell biology.
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Dettling J, Franz C, Zimmermann U, Lee SC, Bress A, Brandt N, Feil R, Pfister M, Engel J, Flamant F, Rüttiger L, Knipper M. Autonomous functions of murine thyroid hormone receptor TRα and TRβ in cochlear hair cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 382:26-37. [PMID: 24012852 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone acts on gene transcription by binding to its nuclear receptors TRα1 and TRβ. Whereas global deletion of TRβ causes deafness, global TRα-deficient mice have normal hearing thresholds. Since the individual roles of the two receptors in cochlear hair cells are still unclear, we generated mice with a hair cell-specific mutation of TRα1 or deletion of TRβ using the Cre-loxP system. Hair cell-specific TRβ mutant mice showed normal hearing thresholds but delayed BK channel expression in inner hair cells, slightly stronger outer hair cell function, and slightly reduced amplitudes of auditory brainstem responses. In contrast, hair cell-specific TRα mutant mice showed normal timing of BK channel expression, slightly reduced outer hair cell function, and slightly enhanced amplitudes of auditory brainstem responses. Our data demonstrate that TRβ-related deafness originates outside of hair cells and that TRα and TRβ play opposing, non-redundant roles in hair cells. A role for thyroid hormone receptors in controlling key regulators that shape signal transduction during development is discussed. Thyroid hormone may act through different thyroid hormone receptor activities to permanently alter the sensitivity of auditory neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Dettling
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Hearing Research Centre Tübingen (THRC), Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Franz
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Hearing Research Centre Tübingen (THRC), Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Zimmermann
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Hearing Research Centre Tübingen (THRC), Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sze Chim Lee
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Hearing Research Centre Tübingen (THRC), Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Bress
- Molecular Genetics, THRC, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Niels Brandt
- Department of Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- Department of Signal Transduction & Transgenic Models, Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 4, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Pfister
- Molecular Genetics, THRC, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jutta Engel
- Department of Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Frédéric Flamant
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, Lyon, France
| | - Lukas Rüttiger
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Hearing Research Centre Tübingen (THRC), Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marlies Knipper
- Molecular Physiology of Hearing, Hearing Research Centre Tübingen (THRC), Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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