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Michel E, Zory R, Guerin O, Prate F, Sacco G, Chorin F. Assessing muscle quality as a key predictor to differentiate fallers from non-fallers in older adults. Eur Geriatr Med 2024:10.1007/s41999-024-01020-y. [PMID: 39096327 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-024-01020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falling is an important public health issue because of its prevalence and severe consequences. Evaluating muscle performance is important when assessing fall risk. The study aimed to identify factors [namely muscle capacity (strength, quality, and power) and spatio-temporal gait attributes] that best discriminate between fallers and non-fallers in older adults. The hypothesis is that muscle quality, defined as the ratio of muscle strength to muscle mass, is the best predictor of fall risk. METHODS 184 patients were included, 81% (n = 150) were women and the mean age was 73.6 ± 6.83 years. We compared body composition, mean grip strength, spatio-temporal parameters, and muscle capacity of fallers and non-fallers. Muscle quality was calculated as the ratio of maximum strength to fat-free mass. Mean handgrip and power were also controlled by fat-free mass. We performed univariate analysis, logistic regression, and ROC curves. RESULTS The falling patients had lower muscle quality, muscle mass-controlled power, and mean weighted handgrip than the non-faller. Results showing that lower muscle quality increases fall risk (effect size = 0.891). Logistic regression confirmed muscle quality as a significant predictor (p < .001, OR = 0.82, CI [0.74; 0.89]). ROC curves demonstrated muscle quality as the most predictive factor of falling (AUC = 0.794). CONCLUSION This retrospective study showed that muscle quality is the best predictor of fall risk, above spatial and temporal gait parameters. Our results underscore muscle quality as a clinically meaningful assessment and may be a useful complement to other assessments for fall prevention in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Michel
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Clinique Gériatrique de Soins Ambulatoires, 06003, Nice, France.
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France.
| | - Raphael Zory
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Olivier Guerin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Clinique Gériatrique de Soins Ambulatoires, 06003, Nice, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Frederic Prate
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Clinique Gériatrique de Soins Ambulatoires, 06003, Nice, France
| | - Guillaume Sacco
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Clinique Gériatrique de Soins Ambulatoires, 06003, Nice, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, UPR 7276 CoBTek, Nice, France
| | - Fréderic Chorin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Clinique Gériatrique de Soins Ambulatoires, 06003, Nice, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, LAMHESS, Nice, France
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2
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Seven B, Ertürk B, Keser İ, Oskay D. Short and long-term outcomes of multidimensional physiotherapy in cases with acute compartment syndrome secondary to carbon monoxide poisoning with prolonged forearm compression. J Hand Ther 2024:S0894-1130(23)00204-1. [PMID: 38969598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compartment syndrome following carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and compression, can have a devastating impact on neuromuscular structures, depending on a time-based dosage. PURPOSE To investigate multidimensional physiotherapy's short-term and long-term outcomes in identical twin cases who developed compartment syndrome due to CO poisoning and prolonged compression. STUDY DESIGN Case report. METHODS This study was conducted with two male cases, a 21-year-old identical twin. The loss of consciousness due to CO poisoning lasted for 15 hours. Case one had compartment syndrome that caused damage to the median and ulnar nerves in the right forearm, while Case two had compartment syndrome that caused damage to the radial nerve in the left forearm. No surgical intervention was performed (Fasciotomy etc). RESULTS The disability, dexterity, hand health status, sensory-motor function, and edema were evaluated. Initial evaluations showed severe sensory and motor dysfunction, disability, and edema. Treatment included Complex decongestive physiotherapy, electrical stimulation, therapeutic ultrasound, orthotics, and exercises. On the 144th day (discharge day), both cases still exhibited weakness in functional strength and sensory loss compared to the uninjured side. At the ninth month, all parameters except strength were similar to the uninjured side in both cases. By the 53rd month, strength also reached normal values. CONCLUSIONS Multidimensional physiotherapy effectively manages edema, improves sensory-motor function, and enhances hand function in the short and long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barış Seven
- İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Burak Ertürk
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlke Keser
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deran Oskay
- Gazi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey
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Aisyah R, Ohshima N, Watanabe D, Nakagawa Y, Sakuma T, Nitschke F, Nakamura M, Sato K, Nakahata K, Yokoyama C, Marchioni CR, Kumrungsee T, Shimizu T, Sotomaru Y, Takeo T, Nakagata N, Izumi T, Miura S, Minassian BA, Yamamoto T, Wada M, Yanaka N. GDE5/Gpcpd1 activity determines phosphatidylcholine composition in skeletal muscle and regulates contractile force in mice. Commun Biol 2024; 7:604. [PMID: 38769369 PMCID: PMC11106330 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycerophosphocholine (GPC) is an important precursor for intracellular choline supply in phosphatidylcholine (PC) metabolism. GDE5/Gpcpd1 hydrolyzes GPC into choline and glycerol 3-phosphate; this study aimed to elucidate its physiological function in vivo. Heterozygous whole-body GDE5-deficient mice reveal a significant GPC accumulation across tissues, while homozygous whole-body knockout results in embryonic lethality. Skeletal muscle-specific GDE5 deletion (Gde5 skKO) exhibits reduced passive force and improved fatigue resistance in electrically stimulated gastrocnemius muscles in vivo. GDE5 deficiency also results in higher glycolytic metabolites and glycogen levels, and glycerophospholipids alteration, including reduced levels of phospholipids that bind polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as DHA. Interestingly, this PC fatty acid compositional change is similar to that observed in skeletal muscles of denervated and Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse models. These are accompanied by decrease of GDE5 expression, suggesting a regulatory role of GDE5 activity for glycerophospholipid profiles. Furthermore, a DHA-rich diet enhances contractile force and lowers fatigue resistance, suggesting a functional relationship between PC fatty acid composition and muscle function. Finally, skinned fiber experiments show that GDE5 loss increases the probability of the ryanodine receptor opening and lowers the maximum Ca2+-activated force. Collectively, GDE5 activity plays roles in PC and glucose/glycogen metabolism in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmawati Aisyah
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Daiki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nakagawa
- Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Sakuma
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Felix Nitschke
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Minako Nakamura
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Sato
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kaori Nakahata
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chihiro Yokoyama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Charlotte R Marchioni
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Takahiko Shimizu
- Aging Stress Response Research Project Team, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sotomaru
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toru Takeo
- Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Izumi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
- Faculty of Health Care, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Miura
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Berge A Minassian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanobu Wada
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Yanaka
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Allevi F, Abate N, Bolognesi F, Tarabbia F, Rabbiosi D, Bellasio MM, Lozza A, Biglioli F. Is pre-operative electromyography a reliable tool in differentiating acute and chronic facial palsy? A preliminary evaluation in patients treated with triple innervation facial reanimation. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2024:S1010-5182(24)00139-2. [PMID: 38734508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Electromyographic evaluation is a reliable tool for confirming facial palsy and assessing its severity. It allows differentiating facial paresis and paralysis, and further distinguishes acute palsies, still showing muscle fibrillations, from chronic cases. This article aims to show that EMG fibrillations might represent a better criterion to differentiate acute and chronic palsies than the standard 18-24 months' cut-off usually employed for classification and treatment purposes. We performed a cohort study using the eFACE tool for comparing triple innervation facial reanimation results in patients with EMG fibrillation treated <12 months, 12-18 months, and >18 months from paralysis onset. Patients showed a statistically significant post-operative improvement in all eFACE items, both in the whole sample and in the three groups. Only the deviation from the optimal score for the gentle eye closure item in group 2 didn't reach statistical significance (p = 0.173). The post-operative results were comparable in the three groups, as the Kruskal-Wallis test showed a difference only for the platysmal synkinesis item scores, which were significantly lower in group 3 (p = 0.025).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Allevi
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Nicole Abate
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Bolognesi
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Tarabbia
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Dimitri Rabbiosi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy
| | | | | | - Federico Biglioli
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Doherty C, Lodyga M, Correa J, Di Ciano-Oliveira C, Plant PJ, Bain JR, Batt J. Utilization of the Rat Tibial Nerve Transection Model to Evaluate Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Denervation-Mediated Muscle Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1847. [PMID: 38339124 PMCID: PMC10855399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury denervates muscle, resulting in muscle paralysis and atrophy. This is reversible if timely muscle reinnervation occurs. With delayed reinnervation, the muscle's reparative ability declines, and muscle-resident fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) proliferate and differentiate, inducing fibro-fatty muscle degradation and thereby physical disability. The mechanisms by which the peripheral nerve regulates FAPs expansion and differentiation are incompletely understood. Using the rat tibial neve transection model, we demonstrated an increased FAPs content and a changing FAPs phenotype, with an increased capacity for adipocyte and fibroblast differentiation, in gastrocnemius muscle post-denervation. The FAPs response was inhibited by immediate tibial nerve repair with muscle reinnervation via neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) and sensory organs (e.g., muscle spindles) or the sensory protection of muscle (where a pure sensory nerve is sutured to the distal tibial nerve stump) with reinnervation by muscle spindles alone. We found that both procedures reduced denervation-mediated increases in glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in muscle and that GDNF promoted FAPs adipogenic and fibrogenic differentiation in vitro. These results suggest that the peripheral nerve controls FAPs recruitment and differentiation via the modulation of muscle GDNF expression through NMJs and muscle spindles. GDNF can serve as a therapeutic target in the management of denervation-induced muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Doherty
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (C.D.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (C.D.C.-O.); (P.J.P.)
| | - Monika Lodyga
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (C.D.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (C.D.C.-O.); (P.J.P.)
| | - Judy Correa
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (C.D.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (C.D.C.-O.); (P.J.P.)
| | - Caterina Di Ciano-Oliveira
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (C.D.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (C.D.C.-O.); (P.J.P.)
| | - Pamela J. Plant
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (C.D.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (C.D.C.-O.); (P.J.P.)
| | - James R. Bain
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada;
| | - Jane Batt
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (C.D.); (M.L.); (J.C.); (C.D.C.-O.); (P.J.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
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6
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Mohapatra A, Patwari S, Pansari M, Padhan S. Navigating Pain in Rheumatology: A Physiotherapy-Centric Review on Non-pharmacological Pain Management Strategies. Cureus 2023; 15:e51416. [PMID: 38299133 PMCID: PMC10828527 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatism is a broad term for the painful afflictions of the musculoskeletal system, which include a variety of symptoms ranging from vague pain or aching to profound disability. This article explores the imperative role of physiotherapy in navigating pain within the field of rheumatology, providing a comprehensive review of non-pharmacological pain management strategies. A literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases was conducted, employing keywords like "Pain," "Rheumatic disease," and "Physiotherapy," with the review emphasizing recent English studies, particularly randomized trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews over the last 10 years, to consolidate evidence on the efficacy of physiotherapy interventions for individuals with rheumatic disease. Pain, a significant challenge for individuals with rheumatic diseases, is often intense and persistent, associated with subsequent physical disability, but employing a holistic approach encompassing drugs, physical therapy, and patient education can yield substantial benefits in managing these painful conditions. In addition to pharmacological interventions, management strategies incorporate a non-pharmacological approach, encompassing rehabilitation and physical therapy in alignment with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) model. The patient and physiotherapist collaborate to develop a goal-oriented treatment plan, utilizing modalities like heat, cold, electrotherapy, and hydrotherapy for pain management, progressing to mobility enhancement, posture re-education, and activities focused on a range of motion and muscle strengthening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avilash Mohapatra
- Department of Surgery and Physiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | - Sneha Patwari
- Department of Physiotherapy, Regional College of Paramedical Health Science, Guwahati, IND
| | - Mukta Pansari
- Department of Physiotherapy, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | - Srikanta Padhan
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND
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7
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P2 Receptor Signaling in Motor Units in Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021587. [PMID: 36675094 PMCID: PMC9865441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The purine signaling system is represented by purine and pyrimidine nucleotides and nucleosides that exert their effects through the adenosine, P2X and P2Y receptor families. It is known that, under physiological conditions, P2 receptors play only a minor role in modulating the functions of cells and systems; however, their role significantly increases under some pathophysiological conditions, such as stress, ischemia or hypothermia, when they can play a dominant role as a signaling molecule. The diversity of P2 receptors and their wide distribution in the body make them very attractive as a target for the pharmacological action of drugs with a new mechanism of action. The review is devoted to the involvement of P2 signaling in the development of pathologies associated with a loss of muscle mass. The contribution of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a signal molecule in the pathogenesis of a number of muscular dystrophies (Duchenne, Becker and limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2B) is considered. To understand the processes involving the purinergic system, the role of the ATP and P2 receptors in several models associated with skeletal muscle degradation is also discussed.
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8
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Volpe P, Bosutti A, Nori A, Filadi R, Gherardi G, Trautmann G, Furlan S, Massaria G, Sciancalepore M, Megighian A, Caccin P, Bernareggi A, Salanova M, Sacchetto R, Sandonà D, Pizzo P, Lorenzon P. Nerve-dependent distribution of subsynaptic type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor at the neuromuscular junction. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213498. [PMID: 36149386 PMCID: PMC9513380 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are enriched at postsynaptic membrane compartments of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), surrounding the subsynaptic nuclei and close to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of the motor endplate. At the endplate level, it has been proposed that nerve-dependent electrical activity might trigger IP3-associated, local Ca2+ signals not only involved in excitation-transcription (ET) coupling but also crucial to the development and stabilization of the NMJ itself. The present study was undertaken to examine whether denervation affects the subsynaptic IP3R distribution in skeletal muscles and which are the underlying mechanisms. Fluorescence microscopy, carried out on in vivo denervated muscles (following sciatectomy) and in vitro denervated skeletal muscle fibers from flexor digitorum brevis (FDB), indicates that denervation causes a reduction in the subsynaptic IP3R1-stained region, and such a decrease appears to be determined by the lack of muscle electrical activity, as judged by partial reversal upon field electrical stimulation of in vitro denervated skeletal muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pompeo Volpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Correspondence to Pompeo Volpe:
| | | | - Alessandra Nori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Riccardo Filadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Gaia Gherardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gabor Trautmann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Furlan
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Aram Megighian
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Caccin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Michele Salanova
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Berlin, Germany
- Neuromuscular Signaling, Center of Space Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roberta Sacchetto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Dorianna Sandonà
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Pizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Lorenzon
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Neuregulin-1/ErbB4 upregulates acetylcholine receptors via Akt/mTOR/p70S6K: a study in a rat model of obstetric brachial plexus palsy and in vitro. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1648-1657. [PMID: 36331297 PMCID: PMC9828288 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP), the operative time window for nerve reconstruction of the intrinsic muscles of the hand (IMH) is much shorter than that of biceps. The reason is that the atrophy of IMH becomes irreversible more quickly than that of biceps. A previous study confirmed that the motor endplates of denervated intrinsic muscles of the forepaw (IMF) were destabilized, while those of denervated biceps remained intact. However, the specific molecular mechanism of regulating the self-repair of motor endplates is still unknown. In this study, we use a rat model of OBPP with right C5-C6 rupture plus C7-C8-T1 avulsion and left side as a control. Bilateral IMF and biceps are harvested at 5 weeks postinjury to assess relative protein and mRNA expression. We also use L6 skeletal myoblasts to verify the effects of signaling pathways regulating acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein synthesis in vitro. The results show that in the OBPP rat model, the protein and mRNA expression levels of NRG-1/ErbB4 and phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K are lower in denervated IMF than in denervated biceps. In L6 myoblasts stimulated with NRG-1, overexpression and knockdown of ErbB4 lead to upregulation and downregulation of AChR subunit protein synthesis and Akt/mTOR/p70S6K phosphorylation, respectively. Inhibition of mTOR abolishes protein synthesis of AChR subunits elevated by NRG-1/ErbB4. Our findings suggest that in the OBPP rat model, lower expression of AChR subunits in the motor endplates of denervated IMF is associated with downregulation of NRG-1/ErbB4 and phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K. NRG-1/ErbB4 can promote protein synthesis of the AChR subunits in L6 myoblasts via phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K.
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10
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Identification of Potential miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Denervated Muscular Atrophy by Bioinformatic Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6042591. [PMID: 35800215 PMCID: PMC9256438 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6042591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy caused by long-term denervation leads to the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, resulting in a poor recovery of functional muscles and decreasing quality of life. Increasing differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of denervated muscle atrophy. However, there is still insufficient evidence to explain the role of miRNAs and their target genes in skeletal muscle atrophy. Therefore, an integrative exploration of the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in denervated muscle atrophy is necessary. A total of 21 (16 upregulated and 5 downregulated) DEMs were screened out in the GSE81914 dataset. Med1, Myod1, Nfkb1, Rela, and Camta1 were predicted and verified to be significantly upregulated in denervated muscle atrophy, from which 6 key TF-miRNA relationship pairs, including Med1-mir-1949, Med1-mir-146b, Myod1-mir-29b, Nfkb1-mir-21, Rela-mir-21, and Camta1-mir-132, were obtained. 60 target genes were then predicted by submitting candidate DEMs to the miRNet database. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that target genes of DEMs were mainly enriched in the apoptotic process and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Through the PPI network construction, key modules and hub genes were obtained and potentially modulated by mir-29b, mir-132, and mir-133a. According to the qRT-PCR results, the expression of COL1A1 and Ctgf is opposite to their related miRNAs in denervated muscle atrophy. In the study, a potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was firstly constructed in denervated muscle atrophy, in which the mir-29b-COL1A1 and mir-133a-Ctgf pathways may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment.
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11
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Mosole S, Rossini K, Kern H, Löfler S, Fruhmann H, Vogelauer M, Burggraf S, Grim-Stieger M, Cvečka J, Hamar D, Sedliak M, Šarabon N, Pond A, Biral D, Carraro U, Zampieri S. Reinnervation of Vastus lateralis is increased significantly in seniors (70-years old) with a lifelong history of high-level exercise (2013, revisited here in 2022). Eur J Transl Myol 2022; 32. [PMID: 35234026 PMCID: PMC8992670 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2022.10420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2013 we presented results showing that at the histological level lifelong increased physical activity promotes reinnervation of muscle fibers in aging muscles. Indeed, in muscle biopsies from 70-year old men with a lifelong history of high-level physical activity, we observed a considerable increase in fiber-type groupings (F-TG), almost exclusively of the slow type. Slow-type transformation by denervation-reinnervation in senior sportsmen seems to fluctuate from those with scarce fiber-type transformation and groupings to almost fully transformed muscle, going through a process in which isolated fibers co-expressing fast and slow Myosin Heavy Chains (MHCs) seems to fill the gaps. Taken together, our results suggest that, beyond the direct effects of aging on the muscle fibers, changes occurring in skeletal muscle tissue appear to be largely, although not solely, a result of sparse denervation-reinnervation. The lifelong exercise allows the body to adapt to the consequences of the age-related denervation and to preserve muscle structure and function by saving otherwise lost muscle fibers through recruitment to different, mainly slow, motor units. These beneficial effects of high-level life-long exercise on motoneurons, specifically on the slow type motoneurones that are those with higher daily activity, and on muscle fibers, serve to maintain size, structure and function of muscles, delaying the functional decline and loss of independence that are commonly seen in late aging. Several studies of independent reserchers with independent analyses confirmed and cited our 2013 results. Thus, the results we presented in our paper in 2013 seem to have held up rather well. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01679977
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mosole
- Laboratory of Translation Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua, Italy; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna.
| | - Katia Rossini
- Laboratory of Translation Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua, Italy; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna.
| | - Helmut Kern
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna.
| | - Stefan Löfler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna.
| | - Hannah Fruhmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna.
| | - Michael Vogelauer
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna.
| | - Samantha Burggraf
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna.
| | | | - Ján Cvečka
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University, Bratislava.
| | - Dušan Hamar
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University, Bratislava.
| | - Milan Sedliak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University, Bratislava.
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- University of Primorska, Science and Research Centre, Institute for Kinesilogical Research, Koper.
| | - Amber Pond
- Anatomy Department, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL.
| | - Donatella Biral
- C.N.R. Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua.
| | - Ugo Carraro
- Laboratory of Translation Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua.
| | - Sandra Zampieri
- Laboratory of Translation Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Padua, Italy; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna.
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12
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Bai Y, Han S, Guan JY, Lin J, Zhao MG, Liang GB. Contralateral C7 nerve transfer in the treatment of upper-extremity paralysis: a review of anatomical basis, surgical approaches, and neurobiological mechanisms. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:491-514. [PMID: 34979068 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The previous three decades have witnessed a prosperity of contralateral C7 nerve (CC7) transfer in the treatment of upper-extremity paralysis induced by both brachial plexus avulsion injury and central hemiplegia. From the initial subcutaneous route to the pre-spinal route and the newly-established post-spinal route, this surgical operation underwent a series of innovations and refinements, with the aim of shortening the regeneration distance and even achieving direct neurorrhaphy. Apart from surgical efforts for better peripheral nerve regeneration, brain involvement in functional improvements after CC7 transfer also stimulated scientific interest. This review summarizes recent advances of CC7 transfer in the treatment of upper-extremity paralysis of both peripheral and central causes, which covers the neuroanatomical basis, the evolution of surgical approach, and central mechanisms. In addition, motor cortex stimulation is discussed as a viable rehabilitation treatment in boosting functional recovery after CC7 transfer. This knowledge will be beneficial towards improving clinical effects of CC7 transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110015, China
| | - Song Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110015, China
| | - Jing-Yu Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110015, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110015, China
| | - Ming-Guang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110015, China
| | - Guo-Biao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110015, China
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13
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Srivastava S, Rathor R, Singh SN, Suryakumar G. Emerging role of MyomiRs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in skeletal muscle diseases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C859-C875. [PMID: 34586896 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00057.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Several chronic diseases lead to skeletal muscle loss and a decline in physical performance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs, which have exhibited their role in the development and diseased state of the skeletal muscle. miRNA regulates gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region of its target mRNA. Due to the robust stability in biological fluids, miRNAs are ideal candidate as biomarker. These miRNAs provide a novel avenue in strengthening our awareness and knowledge about the factors governing skeletal muscle functions such as development, growth, metabolism, differentiation, and cell proliferation. It also helps in understanding the therapeutic strategies in improving or conserving skeletal muscle health. This review outlines the evidence regarding the present knowledge on the role miRNA as a potential biomarker in skeletal muscle diseases and their exploration might be a unique and potential therapeutic strategy for various skeletal muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India
| | - Som Nath Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India
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14
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Spradlin RA, Vassilakos G, Matheny MK, Jones NC, Goldman JL, Lei H, Barton ER. Deletion of muscle Igf1 exacerbates disuse atrophy weakness in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:881-894. [PMID: 34292789 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00090.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy occurs as a result of prolonged periods of reduced mechanical stimulation associated with injury or disease. The growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis and load sensing pathways can both aid in recovery from disuse through their shared downstream signaling, but their relative contributions to these processes are not fully understood. The goal of this study was to determine whether reduced muscle IGF-1 altered the response to disuse and reloading. Adult male mice with inducible muscle-specific IGF-1 deletion (MID) induced 1 wk before suspension and age-matched controls (CON) were subjected to hindlimb suspension and reloading. Analysis of muscle force, morphology, gene expression, signaling, and tissue weights was performed in nonsuspended (NS) mice, and those suspended for 7 days or reloaded following suspension for 3, 7, and 14 days. MID mice displayed diminished IGF-1 protein levels and muscle atrophy before suspension. Muscles from suspended CON mice displayed a similar extent of atrophy and depletion of IGF-1, yet combined loss of load and IGF-1 was not additive with respect to muscle mass. In contrast, soleus force generation capacity was diminished to the greatest extent when both suspension and IGF-1 deletion occurred. Recovery of mass, force, and gene expression patterns following suspension were similar in CON and MID mice, even though IGF-1 levels increased only in muscles from CON mice. Diminished strength in disuse atrophy is exacerbated with the loss of muscle IGF-1 production, whereas recovery of mass and strength upon reloading can occur even IGF-1 is low.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A mouse model with skeletal muscle-specific inducible deletion of Igf1 was used to address the importance of this growth factor for the consequences of disuse atrophy. Rapid and equivalent loss of IGF-I and mass occurred with deletion or disuse. Decrements in strength were most severe with combined loss of load and IGF-1. Return of mass and strength upon reloading was independent of IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray A Spradlin
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Georgios Vassilakos
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michael K Matheny
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nathan C Jones
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Jessica L Goldman
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Hanqin Lei
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Elisabeth R Barton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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15
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Vepkhvadze TF, Vorotnikov AV, Popov DV. Electrical Stimulation of Cultured Myotubes in vitro as a Model of Skeletal Muscle Activity: Current State and Future Prospects. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:597-610. [PMID: 33993862 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921050084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles comprise more than a third of human body mass and critically contribute to regulation of body metabolism. Chronic inactivity reduces metabolic activity and functional capacity of muscles, leading to metabolic and other disorders, reduced life quality and duration. Cellular models based on progenitor cells isolated from human muscle biopsies and then differentiated into mature fibers in vitro can be used to solve a wide range of experimental tasks. The review discusses the aspects of myogenesis dynamics and regulation, which might be important in the development of an adequate cell model. The main function of skeletal muscle is contraction; therefore, electrical stimulation is important for both successful completion of myogenesis and in vitro modeling of major processes induced in the skeletal muscle by acute or regular physical exercise. The review analyzes the drawbacks of such cellular model and possibilities for its optimization, as well as the prospects for its further application to address fundamental aspects of muscle physiology and biochemistry and explore cellular and molecular mechanisms of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana F Vepkhvadze
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 123007, Russia
| | - Alexander V Vorotnikov
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Daniil V Popov
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 123007, Russia. .,Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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16
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Memme JM, Slavin M, Moradi N, Hood DA. Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Turnover during Chronic Muscle Disuse. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105179. [PMID: 34068411 PMCID: PMC8153634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periods of muscle disuse promote marked mitochondrial alterations that contribute to the impaired metabolic health and degree of atrophy in the muscle. Thus, understanding the molecular underpinnings of muscle mitochondrial decline with prolonged inactivity is of considerable interest. There are translational applications to patients subjected to limb immobilization following injury, illness-induced bed rest, neuropathies, and even microgravity. Studies in these patients, as well as on various pre-clinical rodent models have elucidated the pathways involved in mitochondrial quality control, such as mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, fission and fusion, and the corresponding mitochondrial derangements that underlie the muscle atrophy that ensues from inactivity. Defective organelles display altered respiratory function concurrent with increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which exacerbate myofiber atrophy via degradative pathways. The preservation of muscle quality and function is critical for maintaining mobility throughout the lifespan, and for the prevention of inactivity-related diseases. Exercise training is effective in preserving muscle mass by promoting favourable mitochondrial adaptations that offset the mitochondrial dysfunction, which contributes to the declines in muscle and whole-body metabolic health. This highlights the need for further investigation of the mechanisms in which mitochondria contribute to disuse-induced atrophy, as well as the specific molecular targets that can be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David A. Hood
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(416)-736-2100 (ext. 66640)
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17
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Khairullin AE, Efimova DV, Markosyan VA, Grishin SN, Teplov AY, Ziganshin AU. The Effect of Acute Unilateral Denervation Injury on Purinergic Signaling in the Cholinergic Synapse. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350921030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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18
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Chen X, Li M, Chen B, Wang W, Zhang L, Ji Y, Chen Z, Ni X, Shen Y, Sun H. Transcriptome sequencing and analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle atrophy induced by denervation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:697. [PMID: 33987395 PMCID: PMC8106053 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The molecular mechanism of denervated muscle atrophy is very complex and has not been elucidated to date. In this study, we aimed to use transcriptome sequencing technology to systematically analyze the molecular mechanism of denervated muscle atrophy in order to eventually develop effective strategies or drugs to prevent muscle atrophy. Methods Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in denervated skeletal muscles. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs was performed. Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was used to analyze the DEGs. Results Results showed that 2,749 transcripts were up-regulated, and 2,941 transcripts were down-regulated in denervated tibialis anterior (TA) muscles after 14 days of denervation. The up-regulated expressed genes were analyzed through GO and the results demonstrated that biological processes of the up-regulated expressed genes included apoptotic process, cellular response to DNA damage stimulus, aging, and protein ubiquitination; the cellular component of the up-regulated expressed genes included cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, and nucleus; and the molecular function of the up-regulated expressed genes included ubiquitin-protein transferase activity and hydrolase activity. The KEGG pathway of the up-regulated expressed genes included ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. The biological processes of the down-regulated expressed genes included angiogenesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) biosynthetic process, muscle contraction, gluconeogenesis; the cellular component of the down-regulated expressed genes included mitochondrion, cytoskeleton, and myofibril; and the molecular function of the down-regulated expressed genes included nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide plus hydrogen (NADH) dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity, proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, ATP binding, electron carrier activity, cytochrome-c oxidase activity, and oxidoreductase activity. The KEGG pathway of the down-regulated expressed genes included oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Conclusions A huge number of DEGs were identified in TA muscles after denervation. The up-regulated expressed genes mainly involve in proteolysis, apoptosis, and ageing. The down-regulated expressed genes mainly involve in energy metabolism, angiogenesis, and protein synthesis. This study further enriched the molecular mechanism of denervation-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory, People's Hospital of Binhai County, Yancheng, China
| | - Bairong Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lilei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zehao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xuejun Ni
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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19
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Lind LA, Lever TE, Nichols NL. Tongue and hypoglossal morphology after intralingual cholera toxin B-saporin injection. Muscle Nerve 2020; 63:413-420. [PMID: 33269488 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We recently developed an inducible model of dysphagia using intralingual injection of cholera toxin B conjugated to saporin (CTB-SAP) to cause death of hypoglossal neurons. In this study we aimed to evaluate tongue morphology and ultrastructural changes in hypoglossal neurons and nerve fibers in this model. METHODS Tissues were collected from 20 rats (10 control and 10 CTB-SAP animals) on day 9 post-injection. Tongues were weighed, measured, and analyzed for microscopic changes using laminin immunohistochemistry. Hypoglossal neurons and axons were examined using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS The cross-sectional area of myofibers in the posterior genioglossus was decreased in CTB-SAP-injected rats. Degenerative changes were observed in both the cell bodies and distal axons of hypoglossal neurons. DISCUSSION Preliminary results indicate this model may have translational application to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases resulting in tongue dysfunction and associated dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori A Lind
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Teresa E Lever
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Nicole L Nichols
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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20
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Piccinini G, Cuccagna C, Caliandro P, Coraci D, Germanotta M, Pecchioli C, Padua L. Efficacy of electrical stimulation of denervated muscle: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Muscle Nerve 2020; 61:773-778. [PMID: 32249950 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of electrical stimulation of denervated muscle (ESDM) on recovery of patients with peripheral nerve injuries. METHODS We enrolled 38 patients with traumatic peripheral nerve injuries with axonal damage and clinical impairment of two muscles, who were randomly treated with real or sham electrical stimulation (ES). Clinical and neurophysiological examinations were performed before treatment, at the end of treatment, and 3 mo posttreatment, by the same physician who was blinded to the ES allocation. RESULTS All patients improved but there was no significant beneficial effect of ESDM compared with sham treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study failed to demonstrate the efficacy of ESDM for peripheral nerve injuries. However, given the large number of variables related to ES and the heterogeneity in disease etiologies and clinical manifestations, future studies on homogeneous populations using different stimulation protocols may be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Piccinini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Caliandro
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Coraci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Padua
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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21
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The Protective Effects of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim Pharmacopuncture on Disuse Muscle Atrophy in Rat Gastrocnemius Muscle. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.13045/jar.2019.00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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22
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Tyganov SA, Mochalova EP, Belova SP, Sharlo KA, Rozhkov SV, Vilchinskaya NA, Paramonova II, Mirzoev TM, Shenkman BS. Effects of Plantar Mechanical Stimulation on Anabolic and Catabolic Signaling in Rat Postural Muscle Under Short-Term Simulated Gravitational Unloading. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1252. [PMID: 31611819 PMCID: PMC6776874 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that plantar mechanical stimulation (PMS) is able to attenuate unloading-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and impaired muscle function. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of PMS on skeletal muscle during unloading remain undefined. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of PMS on anabolic and catabolic signaling pathways in rat soleus at the early stages of mechanical unloading. Wistar rats were randomly assigned to ambulatory control, hindlimb suspension (HS) for 1 or 3 days, and HS for 1 or 3 days with PMS. The key anabolic and catabolic markers were assessed by western blotting and RT-PCR. Protein synthesis (PS) rate was estimated using SUnSET technique. PMS attenuated a 1-day HS-induced decrease in 4E-BP1, GSK-3β, and AMPK phosphorylation. PMS also partially prevented a decrease in PS, phosphorylation of GSK-3β, nNOS, and an increase in eEF2 phosphorylation after 3-day HS. PMS during 1- and 3-day HS prevented MuRF-1, but not MAFbx, upregulation but did not affect markers of ribosome biogenesis (18S + 28S rRNA, c-myc) as well as AKT phosphorylation. Thus, PMS during 3-day HS partially prevented a decrease in the global rate of PS in rat soleus muscle, which was accompanied by attenuation of MuRF-1 mRNA expression as well as changes in GSK-3β, nNOS, and eEF2 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Tyganov
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina P Mochalova
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana P Belova
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kristina A Sharlo
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V Rozhkov
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia A Vilchinskaya
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna I Paramonova
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur M Mirzoev
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris S Shenkman
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Qiu J, Zhu J, Zhang R, Liang W, Ma W, Zhang Q, Huang Z, Ding F, Sun H. miR-125b-5p targeting TRAF6 relieves skeletal muscle atrophy induced by fasting or denervation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:456. [PMID: 31700892 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Skeletal muscle atrophy, characterized by accelerated protein degradation, occurs in such conditions as unloading, immobilization, fasting, and denervation. Effective treatments for skeletal muscle atrophy are not yet available. Considering that microRNAs (miRs) may play an important role in the regulation of muscle atrophy, in the present study, we aimed to examine the effect of miR-125b-5p-based therapeutic strategies on skeletal muscle atrophy, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods Fasting-induced atrophic mouse C2C12 myotubes and denervated rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were used as in vitro and in vivo models of skeletal muscle atrophy, respectively. The morphological parameters of skeletal muscle were measured by immunostaining-based quantification. The interaction between miR-125b-5p and TRAF6 3'-UTR was detected by luciferase reporter analysis. The mRNA and protein expressions were determined by real-time qPCR and Western blot analysis respectively. The miR mimics/agomir and miR inhibitor/antagomir were transfected into C2C12 myotubes and TA muscles respectively to alter the expression of miR-125b-5p. Results The expression of miR-125b-5p was down-regulated in both atrophic C2C12 myotubes and denervated TA muscles. The interaction between miR-125b-5p and TRAF6 3'-UTR was identified. Overexpression of miR-125b-5p protected skeletal muscle samples from atrophy in vitro and in vivo by targeting TRAF6 through inactivation of several ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)- and autophagy-lysosome system (ALS)-related proteins. Conclusions Overexpression of miR-125b-5p may provide a promising therapeutic approach to treat muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Qiu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Wenpeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Fei Ding
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Rebolledo DL, González D, Faundez-Contreras J, Contreras O, Vio CP, Murphy-Ullrich JE, Lipson KE, Brandan E. Denervation-induced skeletal muscle fibrosis is mediated by CTGF/CCN2 independently of TGF-β. Matrix Biol 2019; 82:20-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Changes in local capillarity of pure and hybrid MyHC muscle fiber types after nerve injury in rat extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL). Histochem Cell Biol 2019; 152:89-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-019-01787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Khodabukus A, Madden L, Prabhu NK, Koves TR, Jackman CP, Muoio DM, Bursac N. Electrical stimulation increases hypertrophy and metabolic flux in tissue-engineered human skeletal muscle. Biomaterials 2019; 198:259-269. [PMID: 30180985 PMCID: PMC6395553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In vitro models of contractile human skeletal muscle hold promise for use in disease modeling and drug development, but exhibit immature properties compared to native adult muscle. To address this limitation, 3D tissue-engineered human muscles (myobundles) were electrically stimulated using intermittent stimulation regimes at 1 Hz and 10 Hz. Dystrophin in myotubes exhibited mature membrane localization suggesting a relatively advanced starting developmental maturation. One-week stimulation significantly increased myobundle size, sarcomeric protein abundance, calcium transient amplitude (∼2-fold), and tetanic force (∼3-fold) resulting in the highest specific force generation (19.3mN/mm2) reported for engineered human muscles to date. Compared to 1 Hz electrical stimulation, the 10 Hz stimulation protocol resulted in greater myotube hypertrophy and upregulated mTORC1 and ERK1/2 activity. Electrically stimulated myobundles also showed a decrease in fatigue resistance compared to control myobundles without changes in glycolytic or mitochondrial protein levels. Greater glucose consumption and decreased abundance of acetylcarnitine in stimulated myobundles indicated increased glycolytic and fatty acid metabolic flux. Moreover, electrical stimulation of myobundles resulted in a metabolic shift towards longer-chain fatty acid oxidation as evident from increased abundances of medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines. Taken together, our study provides an advanced in vitro model of human skeletal muscle with improved structure, function, maturation, and metabolic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauran Madden
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Neel K Prabhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Timothy R Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Deborah M Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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27
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Paskal AM, Paskal W, Pietruski P, Wlodarski PK. Polyethylene Glycol: The Future of Posttraumatic Nerve Repair? Systemic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1478. [PMID: 30909624 PMCID: PMC6471459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a common posttraumatic complication. The precise surgical repair of nerve lesion does not always guarantee satisfactory motor and sensory function recovery. Therefore, enhancement of the regeneration process is a subject of many research strategies. It is believed that polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediates axolemmal fusion, thus enabling the direct restoration of axon continuity. It also inhibits Wallerian degeneration and recovers nerve conduction. This systemic review, performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, describes and summarizes published studies on PEG treatment efficiency in various nerve injury types and repair techniques. Sixteen original experimental studies in animal models and one in humans were analyzed. PEG treatment superiority was reported in almost all experiments (based on favorable electrophysiological, histological, or behavioral results). To date, only one study attempted to transfer the procedure into the clinical phase. However, some technical aspects, e.g., the maximal delay between trauma and successful treatment, await determination. PEG therapy is a promising prospect that may improve the surgical treatment of peripheral nerve injuries in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana M Paskal
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Research Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wiktor Paskal
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Research Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Pietruski
- Timeless Plastic Surgery Clinic, gen. Romana Abrahama 18/322, 03-982 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Pawel K Wlodarski
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Research Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
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28
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Komatsu M, Nakada T, Kawagishi H, Kato H, Yamada M. Increase in phospholamban content in mouse skeletal muscle after denervation. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2019; 39:163-173. [DOI: 10.1007/s10974-019-09504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Ali SS, Khan AY, Michael SG, Tankha P, Tokuno H. Use of Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging in the Electromyography Clinic: A Case Series. Cureus 2019; 11:e4087. [PMID: 31032148 PMCID: PMC6472870 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Foot drop often results from denervation of the dorsiflexor muscles in the leg. Neurological evaluation begins with lower extremity motor testing followed by electromyography needle electrode examination (EMG-NEE). We explored digital infrared thermography (IRT) as a complementary tool in diagnosing peripheral nerve disorders. Methods: Using a digital IRT camera, we recorded differences in skin surface temperatures from affected and unaffected limbs in three patients with unilateral foot drop. Denervation in the affected limb was confirmed with EMG-NEE. Results: IRT imaging revealed lower relative skin surface temperatures in regions of the leg corresponding to denervated dorsiflexor muscles for all three consecutive patients who presented to the EMG Clinic with foot drop. Conclusions: Denervation appears to cause a decrease in thermal energy output from affected muscle groups. Alongside the EMG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), IRT may have an important role in assessing the severity and prognosis of a nerve injury. This observation may have implications for chronic pain syndromes, such as complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), in which thermal change is a diagnostic criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer S Ali
- Neurology, Veterans Affairs Hospital - Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, USA
| | - Arjumond Y Khan
- Neurology, Veterans Affairs Hospital - Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, USA
| | | | - Pavan Tankha
- Pain Management, Veterans Affairs Hospital - Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, USA
| | - Hajime Tokuno
- Neurology, Veterans Affairs Hospital - Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, USA
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30
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El-Habta R, Chen J, Pingel J, Backman LJ. Tendinosis-like changes in denervated rat Achilles tendon. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:426. [PMID: 30497469 PMCID: PMC6267070 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tendon disorders are common and lead to significant disability and pain. Our knowledge of the ‘tennis elbow’, the ‘jumpers knee’, and Achilles tendinosis has increased over the years, but changes in denervated tendons is yet to be described in detail. The aim of the present study was to investigate the morphological and biochemical changes in tendon tissue following two weeks of denervation using a unilateral sciatic nerve transection model in rat Achilles tendons. Methods Tendons were compared with respect to cell number, nuclear roundness, and fiber structure. The non-denervated contralateral tendon served as a control. Also, the expression of neuromodulators such as substance P and its preferred receptor neurokinin-1 receptor, NK-1R, was evaluated using real-time qRT-PCR. Results Our results showed that denervated tendons expressed morphological changes such as hypercellularity; disfigured cells; disorganization of the collagen network; increased production of type III collagen; and increased expression of NK-1R. Conclusion Taken together these data provide new insights into the histopathology of denervated tendons showing that denervation causes somewhat similar changes in the Achilles tendon as does tendinosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roine El-Habta
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jialin Chen
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jessica Pingel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Ludvig J Backman
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Section for Anatomy, Umeå University, Johan Bures väg 12, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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31
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Electrophysiologic recovery of the abductor pollicis brevis after contralateral C7 nerve transfer in 95 patients with global brachial plexus avulsion. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 43:158-161. [PMID: 30316111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the electrophysiologic recovery of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle after contralateral seventh cervical (cC7) nerve transfer for the treatment of global brachial plexus avulsion (GBPA). We retrospectively analyzed the electromyography records of 95 patients with GBPA, comprising 81 men and 14 women, focusing on the motor unit potential (MUP) recovery of the APB. All patients underwent cC7-median nerve (MN) transfer. The cC7 nerve was transferred to the MN alone in 58 patients (One-Nerve Group), whereas 37 patients underwent cC7 transfer to the MN and another nerve (Two-Nerve Group). Fifty-three patients (MUP Group) exhibited MUP recovery of the APB, whereas 42 patients did not (No-MUP Group). The MUP Group comprised 32 patients from the One-Nerve Group and 21 patients from the Two-Nerve Group. The mean age of the MUP Group was significantly lower than that of the No-MUP Group. In summary, electrophysiologic recovery of the APB was common in patients with GBPA after cC7-MN transfer, indicating that it may be possible to restore the function of the intrinsic muscles of the hand after GBPA. The rehabilitation strategy for patients with GBPA, which overlooks the restoration of intrinsic hand muscle function, may require amendment.
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Truskey GA. Development and application of human skeletal muscle microphysiological systems. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:3061-3073. [PMID: 30183050 PMCID: PMC6177290 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00553b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A number of major disease states involve skeletal muscle, including type 2 diabetes, muscular dystrophy, sarcopenia and cachexia arising from cancer or heart disease. Animals do not accurately represent many of these disease states. Human skeletal muscle microphysiological systems derived from primary or induced pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can provide an in vitro model of genetic and chronic diseases and assess individual variations. Three-dimensional culture systems more accurately represent skeletal muscle function than do two-dimensional cultures. While muscle biopsies enable culture of primary muscle cells, hPSCs provide the opportunity to sample a wider population of donors. Recent advances to promote maturation of PSC-derived skeletal muscle provide an alternative to primary cells. While contractile function is often measured in three-dimensional cultures and several systems exist to characterize contraction of small numbers of muscle fibers, there is a need for functional measures of metabolism suited for microphysiological systems. Future research should address generation of well-differentiated hPSC-derived muscle cells, enabling muscle repair in vitro, and improved disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 1427 CIEMAS, 101 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708-0281, USA.
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33
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Time course of denervation-induced changes in gastrocnemius muscles of adult and old rats. Exp Gerontol 2018; 106:165-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Park SH, Kim JH, Lee JW, Jeong HS, Suh IS. Simultaneous Use of Selective Neurectomy With Liposuction for Calf Reduction in Asians. Aesthet Surg J 2018; 38:529-537. [PMID: 29300913 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjx194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calf contouring continues to be popular among Northeast Asians. Calf hypertrophy and distorted leg contours are stressful to many women. Several calf reduction techniques such as a selective neurectomy or calf muscle resection have been attempted, but have inconsistent results. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to demonstrate improved outcomes when combining a selective neurectomy with simultaneous liposuction. METHODS A total of 780 patients with hypertrophic calves underwent calf reduction from January 2002 to December 2010. Of these, 193 patients were treated by selective neurectomy with simultaneous liposuction. Calf hypertrophy with a circumference below 34 cm was defined as mild, calves with a circumference of 34 to 38 cm were defined as moderate, and a calf circumference above 38 cm was defined as severe. In all groups, patients whose pinch test was above 2 cm underwent a simultaneous liposuction. RESULTS Twenty-eight cases (14.5%) were defined as mild, 72 (37.3%) were moderate, and 93 (48.2%) were severe. Over an average of 8.7 months of postoperative follow up, the reduction in calf circumference averaged 3.7 cm in the mild group (11.1%), 4.0 cm in the moderate group (10.7 %), and 4.3 cm in the severe group (10.7%). Overall, 97.5% of patients were satisfied with the results. There were no severe complications including functional problem of lower extremity reported. CONCLUSIONS The shape, type, and fat distribution of the hypertrophic calves were considered in our patient analysis. A selective neurectomy with liposuction was performed on 193 patients. This technique allowed for a successful calf reduction and improved the patient's aesthetic satisfaction without any reported functional complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hoon Park
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Won Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hii Sun Jeong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Suck Suh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Huang H, Zhao Y, Shang X, Liu X, Ren H. Expression of carbonic anhydrase III and skeletal muscle remodeling following selective denervation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:8289-8294. [PMID: 28983629 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) is expressed selectively in type I (slow‑twitch) myofibers. To investigate the association between changes in the expression of CAIII and skeletal muscle structure following denervation, the present study stained adjacent sections of skeletal muscle for ATPase and immunohistochemically for CAIII. In addition, differences in the protein expression and phosphatase activity of CAIII were examined by western blot and phosphatase staining between rat soleus and extensol digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, which are composed of predominantly slow‑ and fast‑twitch fibers, respectively. Upon denervation, the EDL muscle showed more pronounced structural changes, compared with the soleus muscle. There was a transformation from fast to slow fibers, and a concomitant increase in fibers positive for CAIII. Following denervation, the protein expression of CAIII initially increased and then decreased in the soleus muscle, whereas the protein expression of CAIII in the EDL muscle increased gradually with time. In contrast to the protein changes, phosphatase activity in the soleus and EDL muscles decreased significantly following denervation. These results indicated that, following denervation, changes in the expression of CAIII were associated with myofiber remodeling. Specifically, the change in the expression of CAIII reflected the conversion to type I myofibers, suggesting the importance of CAIII in resistance to fatigue in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiliang Shang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xueyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Ren
- Institute of Neurology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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36
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Tang LJ, Wang MH, Tian HC, Kang XY, Hong W, Liu JQ. Progress in Research of Flexible MEMS Microelectrodes for Neural Interface. MICROMACHINES 2017; 8:E281. [PMID: 30400473 PMCID: PMC6190450 DOI: 10.3390/mi8090281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of Micro-electro-mechanical Systems (MEMS) fabrication technologies, many microelectrodes with various structures and functions have been designed and fabricated for applications in biomedical research, diagnosis and treatment through electrical stimulation and electrophysiological signal recording. The flexible MEMS microelectrodes exhibit excellent characteristics in many aspects beyond stiff microelectrodes based on silicon or metal, including: lighter weight, smaller volume, better conforming to neural tissue and lower fabrication cost. In this paper, we reviewed the key technologies in flexible MEMS microelectrodes for neural interface in recent years, including: design and fabrication technology, flexible MEMS microelectrodes with fluidic channels and electrode⁻tissue interface modification technology for performance improvement. Furthermore, the future directions of flexible MEMS microelectrodes for neural interface were described, including transparent and stretchable microelectrodes integrated with multi-functional aspects and next-generation electrode⁻tissue interface modifications, which facilitated electrode efficacy and safety during implantation. Finally, we predict that the relationships between micro fabrication techniques, and biomedical engineering and nanotechnology represented by flexible MEMS microelectrodes for neural interface, will open a new gate to better understanding the neural system and brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Jun Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Micro fabrication of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano-Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Ming-Hao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Micro fabrication of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano-Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Hong-Chang Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Micro fabrication of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano-Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiao-Yang Kang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Micro fabrication of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano-Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wen Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Micro fabrication of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano-Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jing-Quan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Micro fabrication of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano-Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Tolmacheva A, Savolainen S, Kirveskari E, Lioumis P, Kuusela L, Brandstack N, Ylinen A, Mäkelä JP, Shulga A. Long-Term Paired Associative Stimulation Enhances Motor Output of the Tetraplegic Hand. J Neurotrauma 2017. [PMID: 28635523 PMCID: PMC5610384 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.4996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A large proportion of spinal cord injuries (SCI) are incomplete. Even in clinically complete injuries, silent non-functional connections can be present. Therapeutic approaches that can strengthen transmission in weak neural connections to improve motor performance are needed. Our aim was to determine whether long-term delivery of paired associative stimulation (PAS, a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation [TMS] with peripheral nerve stimulation [PNS]) can enhance motor output in the hands of patients with chronic traumatic tetraplegia, and to compare this technique with long-term PNS. Five patients (4 males; age 38–68, mean 48) with no contraindications to TMS received 4 weeks (16 sessions) of stimulation. PAS was given to one hand and PNS combined with sham TMS to the other hand. Patients were blinded to the treatment. Hands were selected randomly. The patients were evaluated by a physiotherapist blinded to the treatment. The follow-up period was 1 month. Patients were evaluated with Daniels and Worthingham's Muscle Testing (0–5 scale) before the first stimulation session, after the last stimulation session, and 1 month after the last stimulation session. One month after the last stimulation session, the improvement in the PAS-treated hand was 1.02 ± 0.17 points (p < 0.0001, n = 100 muscles from 5 patients). The improvement was significantly higher in PAS-treated than in PNS-treated hands (176 ± 29%, p = 0.046, n = 5 patients). Long-term PAS might be an effective tool for improving motor performance in incomplete chronic SCI patients. Further studies on PAS in larger patient cohorts, with longer stimulation duration and at earlier stages after the injury, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tolmacheva
- 1 BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Erika Kirveskari
- 3 Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical Neurophysiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pantelis Lioumis
- 1 BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Linda Kuusela
- 4 Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , Helsinki, Finland .,5 Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Brandstack
- 5 Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aarne Ylinen
- 6 Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyrki P Mäkelä
- 1 BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anastasia Shulga
- 1 BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland .,6 Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki, Finland
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Demangel R, Treffel L, Py G, Brioche T, Pagano AF, Bareille MP, Beck A, Pessemesse L, Candau R, Gharib C, Chopard A, Millet C. Early structural and functional signature of 3-day human skeletal muscle disuse using the dry immersion model. J Physiol 2017; 595:4301-4315. [PMID: 28326563 DOI: 10.1113/jp273895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Our study contributes to the characterization of muscle loss and weakness processes induced by a sedentary life style, chronic hypoactivity, clinical bed rest, immobilization and microgravity. This study, by bringing together integrated and cellular evaluation of muscle structure and function, identifies the early functional markers and biomarkers of muscle deconditioning. Three days of muscle disuse in healthy adult subjects is sufficient to significantly decrease muscle mass, tone and force, and to induce changes in function relating to a weakness in aerobic metabolism and muscle fibre denervation. The outcomes of this study should be considered in the development of an early muscle loss prevention programme and/or the development of pre-conditioning programmes required before clinical bed rest, immobilization and spaceflight travel. ABSTRACT Microgravity and hypoactivity are associated with skeletal muscle deconditioning. The decrease of muscle mass follows an exponential decay, with major changes in the first days. The purpose of the study was to dissect out the effects of a short-term 3-day dry immersion (DI) on human quadriceps muscle function and structure. The DI model, by suppressing all support zones, accurately reproduces the effects of microgravity. Twelve healthy volunteers (32 ± 5 years) completed 3 days of DI. Muscle function was investigated through maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) tests and muscle viscoelasticity. Structural experiments were performed using MRI analysis and invasive experiments on muscle fibres. Our results indicated a significant 9.1% decrease of the normalized MVC constant (P = 0.048). Contraction and relaxation modelization kinetics reported modifications related to torque generation (kACT = -29%; P = 0.014) and to the relaxation phase (kREL = +34%; P = 0.040) after 3 days of DI. Muscle viscoelasticity was also altered. From day one, rectus femoris stiffness and tone decreased by, respectively, 7.3% (P = 0.002) and 10.2% (P = 0.002), and rectus femoris elasticity decreased by 31.5% (P = 0.004) after 3 days of DI. At the cellular level, 3 days of DI translated into a significant atrophy of type I muscle fibres (-10.6 ± 12.1%, P = 0.027) and an increased proportion of hybrid, type I/IIX fibre co-expression. Finally, we report an increase (6-fold; P = 0.002) in NCAM+ muscle fibres, showing an early denervation process. This study is the first to report experiments performed in Europe investigating human short-term DI-induced muscle adaptations, and contributes to deciphering the early changes and biomarkers of skeletal muscle deconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Demangel
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
| | - Loïc Treffel
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7178, Strasbourg, France
| | - Guillaume Py
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Brioche
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
| | - Allan F Pagano
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Arnaud Beck
- Institute for Space Medicine and Physiology (MEDES), Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Pessemesse
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
| | - Robin Candau
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Angèle Chopard
- Université de Montpellier, INRA, UMR866 Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Millet
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Marmonti E, Busquets S, Toledo M, Ricci M, Beltrà M, Gudiño V, Oliva F, López-Pedrosa JM, Manzano M, Rueda R, López-Soriano FJ, Argilés JM. A Rat Immobilization Model Based on Cage Volume Reduction: A Physiological Model for Bed Rest? Front Physiol 2017; 8:184. [PMID: 28424626 PMCID: PMC5372807 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bed rest has been an established treatment in the past prescribed for critically illness or convalescing patients, in order to preserve their body metabolic resource, to prevent serious complications and to support their rapid path to recovery. However, it has been reported that prolonged bed rest can have detrimental consequences that may delay or prevent the recovery from clinical illness. In order to study disuse-induced changes in muscle and bone, as observed during prolonged bed rest in humans, an innovative new model of muscle disuse for rodents is presented. Basically, the animals are confined to a reduced space designed to restrict their locomotion movements and allow them to drink and eat easily, without generating physical stress. The animals were immobilized for either 7, 14, or 28 days. The immobilization procedure induced a significant decrease of food intake, both at 14 and 28 days of immobilization. The reduced food intake was not a consequence of a stress condition induced by the model since plasma corticosterone levels –an indicator of a stress response– were not altered following the immobilization period. The animals showed a significant decrease in soleus muscle mass, grip force and cross-sectional area (a measure of fiber size), together with a decrease in bone mineral density. The present model may potentially serve to investigate the effects of bed-rest in pathological states characterized by a catabolic condition, such as diabetes or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Marmonti
- Cancer Research Group, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Busquets
- Cancer Research Group, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Míriam Toledo
- Cancer Research Group, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Ricci
- Cancer Research Group, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Beltrà
- Cancer Research Group, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Victòria Gudiño
- Cancer Research Group, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Oliva
- Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Francisco J López-Soriano
- Cancer Research Group, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Argilés
- Cancer Research Group, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
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40
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Rosen HE, Gilly WF. Myogenic activity and serotonergic inhibition in the chromatophore network of the squids, Dosidicus gigas (Family Ommastrephidae) and Doryteuthis opalescens (Family Loliginidae). J Exp Biol 2017; 220:4669-4680. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.164160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Seemingly chaotic waves of spontaneous chromatophore activity occur in the ommastrephid squid, Dosidicus gigas, in the living state and immediately after surgical disruption of all known inputs from the central nervous system. Similar activity is apparent in the loliginid, Doryteuthis opalescens, but only after chronic denervation of chromatophores for 5-7 days. Electrically-stimulated, neurally-driven activity in intact individuals of both species is blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX), but TTX has no effect on spontaneous wave-activity in either Dosidicus or denervated D. opalescens. Spontaneous, TTX-resistant activity of this sort is therefore likely myogenic, and such activity is eliminated in both preparations by 5-HT, a known inhibitor of chromatophore activity. Immunohistochemical techniques reveal that individual axons containing L-glutamate (L-Glu) or 5-HT (and possibly both in a minority of processes) are associated with radial muscle fibers of chromatophores in intact individuals of both species, although the area of contact between both types of axons and muscle fibers is much smaller in Dosidicus. Glutamatergic and serotonergic axons degenerate completely following denervation in D. opalescens. Spontaneous waves of chromatophore activity in both species are thus associated with reduced (or no) serotonergic input in comparison to the situation in intact D. opalescens. Such differences in the level of serotonergic inhibition are consistent with natural chromogenic behaviours in these species. Our findings also suggest that such activity might propagate via the branching distal ends of radial muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E. Rosen
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, 120 Oceanview Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - William F. Gilly
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, 120 Oceanview Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
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41
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Hernández-Ochoa EO, Banks Q, Schneider MF. Acute Elevated Glucose Promotes Abnormal Action Potential-Induced Ca 2+ Transients in Cultured Skeletal Muscle Fibers. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:1509048. [PMID: 28835899 PMCID: PMC5557004 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1509048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A common comorbidity of diabetes is skeletal muscle dysfunction, which leads to compromised physical function. Previous studies of diabetes in skeletal muscle have shown alterations in excitation-contraction coupling (ECC)-the sequential link between action potentials (AP), intracellular Ca2+ release, and the contractile machinery. Yet, little is known about the impact of acute elevated glucose on the temporal properties of AP-induced Ca2+ transients and ionic underlying mechanisms that lead to muscle dysfunction. Here, we used high-speed confocal Ca2+ imaging to investigate the temporal properties of AP-induced Ca2+ transients, an intermediate step of ECC, using an acute in cellulo model of uncontrolled hyperglycemia (25 mM, 48 h.). Control and elevated glucose-exposed muscle fibers cultured for five days displayed four distinct patterns of AP-induced Ca2+ transients (phasic, biphasic, phasic-delayed, and phasic-slow decay); most control muscle fibers show phasic AP-induced Ca2+ transients, while most fibers exposed to elevated D-glucose displayed biphasic Ca2+ transients upon single field stimulation. We hypothesize that these changes in the temporal profile of the AP-induced Ca2+ transients are due to changes in the intrinsic excitable properties of the muscle fibers. We propose that these changes accompany early stages of diabetic myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick O. Hernández-Ochoa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- *Erick O. Hernández-Ochoa:
| | - Quinton Banks
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Martin F. Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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42
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van Neerven S, Haastert-Talini K, Boecker A, Schriever T, Dabhi C, Claeys K, Deumens R, Brook G, Weis J, Pallua N, Bozkurt A. Two-component collagen nerve guides support axonal regeneration in the rat peripheral nerve injury model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:3349-3361. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.G.A. van Neerven
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery and Burn Injuries; RWTH-Aachen University Hospital; Aachen Germany
| | - K. Haastert-Talini
- Institute of Neuroanatomy; Hannover Medical School, and Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN); Hannover Germany
| | - A. Boecker
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery and Burn Injuries; RWTH-Aachen University Hospital; Aachen Germany
| | - T. Schriever
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery and Burn Injuries; RWTH-Aachen University Hospital; Aachen Germany
| | - C. Dabhi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery and Burn Injuries; RWTH-Aachen University Hospital; Aachen Germany
| | - K. Claeys
- Department of Neurology; RWTH-Aachen University Hospital; Aachen Germany
| | - R. Deumens
- Institute of Neuroscience; Université catholique de Louvain; Brussels Belgium
| | - G.A. Brook
- Institute of Neuropathology; University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
- Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance; Translational Brain Medicine (JARA Brain); Germany
| | - J. Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology; University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
- Jülich-Aachen Research Alliance; Translational Brain Medicine (JARA Brain); Germany
| | - N. Pallua
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery and Burn Injuries; RWTH-Aachen University Hospital; Aachen Germany
| | - A. Bozkurt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery and Burn Injuries; RWTH-Aachen University Hospital; Aachen Germany
- Department of Plastic & Aesthetic, Reconstructive & Hand Surgery, Agaplesion Markus Hospital; Johann Wolfgang von Goethe University; Frankfurt Germany
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43
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Li G, Li QS, Li WB, Wei J, Chang WK, Chen Z, Qiao HY, Jia YW, Tian JH, Liang BS. miRNA targeted signaling pathway in the early stage of denervated fast and slow muscle atrophy. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1293-303. [PMID: 27651778 PMCID: PMC5020829 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.189195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Denervation often results in skeletal muscle atrophy. Different mechanisms seem to be involved in the determination between denervated slow and fast skeletal muscle atrophy. At the epigenetic level, miRNAs are thought to be highly involved in the pathophysiological progress of denervated muscles. We used miRNA microarrays to determine miRNA expression profiles from a typical slow muscle (soleus muscle) and a typical fast muscle (tibialis anterior muscle) at an early denervation stage in a rat model. Results showed that miR-206, miR-195, miR-23a, and miR-30e might be key factors in the transformation process from slow to fast muscle in denervated slow muscles. Additionally, certain miRNA molecules (miR-214, miR-221, miR-222, miR-152, miR-320, and Let-7e) could be key regulatory factors in the denervated atrophy process involved in fast muscle. Analysis of signaling pathway networks revealed the miRNA molecules that were responsible for regulating certain signaling pathways, which were the final targets (e.g., p38 MAPK pathway; Pax3/Pax7 regulates Utrophin and follistatin by HDAC4; IGF1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway regulates atrogin-1 and MuRF1 expression via FoxO phosphorylation). Our results provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of denervated skeletal muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Qing-Shan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jian Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Kai Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hu-Yun Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Ying-Wei Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jiang-Hua Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Bing-Sheng Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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44
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Mosole S, Carraro U, Kern H, Loefler S, Zampieri S. Use it or Lose It: Tonic Activity of Slow Motoneurons Promotes Their Survival and Preferentially Increases Slow Fiber-Type Groupings in Muscles of Old Lifelong Recreational Sportsmen. Eur J Transl Myol 2016; 26:5972. [PMID: 28078066 PMCID: PMC5220213 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2016.5972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Histochemistry, immuno-histochemistry, gel electrophoresis of single muscle fibers and electromyography of aging muscles and nerves suggest that: i) denervation contributes to muscle atrophy, ii) impaired mobility accelerates the process, and iii) lifelong running protects against loss of motor units. Recent corroborating results on the muscle effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) of aged muscles will be also mentioned, but we will in particular discuss how and why a lifelong increased physical activity sustains reinnervation of muscle fibers. By analyzing distribution and density of muscle fibers co-expressing fast and slow Myosin Heavy Chains (MHC) we are able to distinguish the transforming muscle fibers due to activity related plasticity, to those that adapt muscle fiber properties to denervation and reinnervation. In muscle biopsies from septuagenarians with a history of lifelong high-level recreational activity we recently observed in comparison to sedentary seniors: 1. decreased proportion of small-size angular myofibers (denervated muscle fibers); 2. considerable increase of fiber-type groupings of the slow type (reinnervated muscle fibers); 3. sparse presence of muscle fibers co-expressing fast and slow MHC. Immuno-histochemical characteristics fluctuate from those with scarce fiber-type modulation and groupings to almost complete transformed muscles, going through a process in which isolated fibers co-expressing fast and slow MHC fill the gaps among fiber groupings. Data suggest that lifelong high-level exercise allows the body to adapt to the consequences of the age-related denervation and that it preserves muscle structure and function by saving otherwise lost muscle fibers through recruitment to different slow motor units. This is an opposite behavior of that described in long term denervated or resting muscles. These effects of lifelong high level activity seems to act primarily on motor neurons, in particular on those always more active, i.e., on the slow motoneurons. The preferential reinnervation that follows along decades of increased activity maintains neuron and myofibers. All together the results open interesting perspectives for applications of FES and electroceuticals for rejuvenation of aged muscles to delay functional decline and loss of independence that are unavoidable burdens of advanced aging. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01679977.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mosole
- Laboratory of Translation Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ugo Carraro
- IRCCS Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, Venice, Italy
| | - Helmut Kern
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Loefler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Zampieri
- Laboratory of Translation Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
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Baumann CW, Liu HM, Thompson LV. Denervation-Induced Activation of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Reduces Skeletal Muscle Quantity Not Quality. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160839. [PMID: 27513942 PMCID: PMC4981385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the ubiquitin-proteasome system is activated in response to skeletal muscle wasting and functions to degrade contractile proteins. The loss of these proteins inevitably reduces skeletal muscle size (i.e., quantity). However, it is currently unknown whether activation of this pathway also affects function by impairing the muscle’s intrinsic ability to produce force (i.e., quality). Therefore, the purpose of this study was twofold, (1) document how the ubiquitin-proteasome system responds to denervation and (2) identify the physiological consequences of these changes. To induce soleus muscle atrophy, C57BL6 mice underwent tibial nerve transection of the left hindlimb for 7 or 14 days (n = 6–8 per group). At these time points, content of several proteins within the ubiquitin-proteasome system were determined via Western blot, while ex vivo whole muscle contractility was specifically analyzed at day 14. Denervation temporarily increased several key proteins within the ubiquitin-proteasome system, including the E3 ligase MuRF1 and the proteasome subunits 19S, α7 and β5. These changes were accompanied by reductions in absolute peak force and power, which were offset when expressed relative to physiological cross-sectional area. Contrary to peak force, absolute and relative forces at submaximal stimulation frequencies were significantly greater following 14 days of denervation. Taken together, these data represent two keys findings. First, activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is associated with reductions in skeletal muscle quantity rather than quality. Second, shortly after denervation, it appears the muscle remodels to compensate for the loss of neural activity via changes in Ca2+ handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory W. Baumann
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Haiming M. Liu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - LaDora V. Thompson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Germinario E, Bondì M, Cencetti F, Donati C, Nocella M, Colombini B, Betto R, Bruni P, Bagni MA, Danieli-Betto D. S1P3 receptor influences key physiological properties of fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 120:1288-300. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00345.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the role of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 3 (S1P3) in modulating muscle properties, we utilized transgenic mice depleted of the receptor. Morphological analyses of extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle did not show evident differences between wild-type and S1P3-null mice. The body weight of 3-mo-old S1P3-null mice and the mean cross-sectional area of transgenic EDL muscle fibers were similar to those of wild-type. S1P3 deficiency enhanced the expression level of S1P1 and S1P2 receptors mRNA in S1P3-null EDL muscle. The contractile properties of S1P3-null EDL diverge from those of wild-type, largely more fatigable and less able to recover. The absence of S1P3 appears responsible for a lower availability of calcium during fatigue. S1P supplementation, expected to stimulate residual S1P receptors and signaling, reduced fatigue development of S1P3-null muscle. Moreover, in the absence of S1P3, denervated EDL atrophies less than wild-type. The analysis of atrophy-related proteins in S1P3-null EDL evidences high levels of the endogenous regulator of mitochondria biogenesis peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α); preserving mitochondria could protect the muscle from disuse atrophy. In conclusion, the absence of S1P3 makes the muscle more sensitive to fatigue and slows down atrophy development after denervation, indicating that S1P3 is involved in the modulation of key physiological properties of the fast-twitch EDL muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Germinario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
| | - Michela Bondì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Mario Serio, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Mario Serio, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Nocella
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Colombini
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Romeo Betto
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
- CNR-Institute for Neuroscience, CNR, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Bruni
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Mario Serio, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Bagni
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Danieli-Betto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- IIM, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
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Enhanced Flexible Tubular Microelectrode with Conducting Polymer for Multi-Functional Implantable Tissue-Machine Interface. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26910. [PMID: 27229174 PMCID: PMC4882553 DOI: 10.1038/srep26910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantable biomedical microdevices enable the restoration of body function and improvement of health condition. As the interface between artificial machines and natural tissue, various kinds of microelectrodes with high density and tiny size were developed to undertake precise and complex medical tasks through electrical stimulation and electrophysiological recording. However, if only the electrical interaction existed between electrodes and muscle or nerve tissue without nutrition factor delivery, it would eventually lead to a significant symptom of denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. In this paper, we developed a novel flexible tubular microelectrode integrated with fluidic drug delivery channel for dynamic tissue implant. First, the whole microelectrode was made of biocompatible polymers, which could avoid the drawbacks of the stiff microelectrodes that are easy to be broken and damage tissue. Moreover, the microelectrode sites were circumferentially distributed on the surface of polymer microtube in three dimensions, which would be beneficial to the spatial selectivity. Finally, the in vivo results confirmed that our implantable tubular microelectrodes were suitable for dynamic electrophysiological recording and simultaneous fluidic drug delivery, and the electrode performance was further enhanced by the conducting polymer modification.
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48
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Čebašek V, Ribarič S. Changes in the Capillarity of the Rat Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle 4 Weeks after Nerve Injury Studied by 2D Measurement Methods. Cells Tissues Organs 2016; 201:211-9. [PMID: 27023720 DOI: 10.1159/000444140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown by 3D study that 2 weeks after nerve injury there was no change in the length of capillaries per muscle fibre length in rat extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL). The primary goal of the present 2D study was to determine the capillarity of rat EDL 4 weeks after various modes of nerve injury. Additionally, we wished to calculate the same capillary/fibre parameters that were used in our 3D stereological study. EDL muscles derived from denervated (4 weeks after nerve injury), re-innervated (4 weeks after two successive nerve crushes) and age-matched controls from the beginning (CON-1) and the end (CON-2) of the experiment were analysed in two ways. Global indices of capillarity, such as capillary density (CD) and capillary/fibre (C/F) ratio, were determined by automatic analysis, local indices as the number (CAF) and the length of capillaries around individual muscle fibres (Lcap) in relation to muscle fibre size were estimated manually by tracing the muscle fibre outlines and the transversally and longitudinally cut segments of capillaries seen in 5-µm-thin muscle cross sections. Four weeks after both types of nerve injury, CD increased in comparison to the CON-2 group (p < 0.001) due to atrophied muscle fibres in denervated muscles and probably proliferation of capillaries in re-innervated ones. Higher C/F, CAF (both p < 0.001) and Lcap (p < 0.01) in re-innervated than denervated EDL confirmed this assumption. Calculated capillary/fibre parameters were comparable to our previous 3D study, which strengthens the practical value to the adapted 2D method used in this study.
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Ozuemba B, Masilamani TJ, Loiselle JJ, Koenderink B, Vanderbeck KA, Knee J, Larivière C, Sutherland LC. Co- and post-transcriptional regulation of Rbm5 and Rbm10 in mouse cells as evidenced by tissue-specific, developmental and disease-associated variation of splice variant and protein expression levels. Gene 2016; 580:26-36. [PMID: 26784654 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression and function of the two RNA binding proteins and regulators of alternative splicing, RBM5 and RBM10, have largely been studied in human tissue and cell lines. The objective of the study described herein was to examine their expression in mouse tissue, in order to lay the framework for comprehensive functional studies using mouse models. METHODS All RNA variants of Rbm5 and Rbm10 were examined in a range of normal primary mouse tissues. RNA and protein were examined in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts and in denervated and dystonin-deficient mouse skeletal muscle. RESULTS All Rbm5 and Rbm10 variants examined were expressed in all mouse tissues and cell lines. In general, Rbm5 and Rbm10 RNA expression was higher in brain than in skin. RNA expression levels were more varied between cardiac and skeletal muscle, depending on the splice variant: for instance, Rbm10v1 RNA was higher in skeletal than cardiac muscle, whereas Rbm10v3 RNA was higher in cardiac than skeletal muscle. In mouse brain, cardiac and skeletal muscle, RNA encoding an approximately 17kDa potential paralogue of a small human RBM10 isoform was detected, and the protein observed in myoblasts and myotubes. Expression of Rbm5 and Rbm10 RNA remained constant during C2C12 myogenesis, but protein levels significantly decreased. In two muscle disease models, neither Rbm10 nor Rbm5 showed significant transcriptional changes, although significant specific alternative splicing changes of Rbm5 pre-mRNA were observed. Increased RBM10 protein levels were observed following denervation. CONCLUSIONS The varied co-transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation aspects of Rbm5 and Rbm10 expression associated with mouse tissues, myogenesis and muscle disease states suggest that a mouse model would be an interesting and useful model in which to study comprehensive functional aspects of RBM5 and RBM10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Twinkle J Masilamani
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Julie J Loiselle
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Benjamin Koenderink
- AMRIC, Health Sciences North, 41 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 5J1, Canada
| | - Kaitlin A Vanderbeck
- School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Jose Knee
- AMRIC, Health Sciences North, 41 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 5J1, Canada
| | - Céline Larivière
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Leslie C Sutherland
- Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada; AMRIC, Health Sciences North, 41 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 5J1, Canada; Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Evaluation of follistatin as a therapeutic in models of skeletal muscle atrophy associated with denervation and tenotomy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17535. [PMID: 26657343 PMCID: PMC4675991 DOI: 10.1038/srep17535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Follistatin is an inhibitor of TGF-β superfamily ligands that repress skeletal muscle growth and promote muscle wasting. Accordingly, follistatin has emerged as a potential therapeutic to ameliorate the deleterious effects of muscle atrophy. However, it remains unclear whether the anabolic effects of follistatin are conserved across different modes of non-degenerative muscle wasting. In this study, the delivery of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector expressing follistatin (rAAV:Fst) to the hind-limb musculature of mice two weeks prior to denervation or tenotomy promoted muscle hypertrophy that was sufficient to preserve muscle mass comparable to that of untreated sham-operated muscles. However, administration of rAAV:Fst to muscles at the time of denervation or tenotomy did not prevent subsequent muscle wasting. Administration of rAAV:Fst to innervated or denervated muscles increased protein synthesis, but markedly reduced protein degradation only in innervated muscles. Phosphorylation of the signalling proteins mTOR and S6RP, which are associated with protein synthesis, was increased in innervated muscles administered rAAV:Fst, but not in treated denervated muscles. These results demonstrate that the anabolic effects of follistatin are influenced by the interaction between muscle fibres and motor nerves. These findings have important implications for understanding the potential efficacy of follistatin-based therapies for non-degenerative muscle wasting.
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