1
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Oberska P, Grabowska M, Marynowska M, Murawski M, Gączarzewicz D, Syczewski A, Michałek K. Cellular Distribution of Aquaporin 3, 7 and 9 in the Male Reproductive System: A Lesson from Bovine Study ( Bos taurus). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1567. [PMID: 38338845 PMCID: PMC10855163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of male infertility in humans and animals creates the need to search for new factors that significantly affect the course of reproductive processes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the temporospatial expression of aquaglyceroporins (AQP3, AQP7 and AQP9) in the bovine (Bos taurus) reproductive system using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The study also included morphological analysis and identification of GATA-4. In brief, in immature individuals, AQP3 and AQP7 were found in gonocytes. In reproductive bulls, AQP3 was observed in spermatocytes and spermatogonia, while AQP7 was visible in all germ cells and the Sertoli cells. AQP7 and AQP9 were detected in the Leydig cells. Along the entire epididymis of reproductive bulls, aquaglyceroporins were visible, among others, in basal cells (AQP3 and AQP7), in epididymal sperm (AQP7) and in the stereocilia of the principal cells (AQP9). In males of all ages, aquaglyceroporins were identified in the principal and basal cells of the vas deferens. An increase in the expression of AQP3 in the testis and cauda epididymis and a decrease in the abundance of AQP7 in the vas deferens with age were found. In conclusion, age-related changes in the expression and/or distribution patterns of AQP3, AQP7 and AQP9 indicate the involvement of these proteins in the normal development and course of male reproductive processes in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Oberska
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (P.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Marta Grabowska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marta Marynowska
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (P.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Maciej Murawski
- Department of Nutrition, Animal Biotechnology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 24/28 Mickiewicza Avenue, 30-059 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Gączarzewicz
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland;
| | | | - Katarzyna Michałek
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Klemensa Janickiego 29, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland; (P.O.); (M.M.)
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2
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Abulfaraj AA. Relationships between some transcription factors and concordantly expressed drought stress-related genes in bread wheat. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103652. [PMID: 37206446 PMCID: PMC10189290 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The challenge of climate change makes it mandatory to improve tolerance to drought stress in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) via biotechnological approaches. Drought stress experiment was conducted followed by RNA-Seq analysis for leaves of two wheat cultivars namely Giza 168 and Gemmiza 10 with contrasting genotypes. Expression patterns of the regulated stress-related genes and concordantly expressed TFs were detected, then, validated via qPCR for two loss-of-function mutants in Arabidopsis background harboring mutated genes analogue to those in wheat. Drought-stress related genes were searched for concordantly expressed TFs and a total of eight TFs were shown to coexpress with 14 stress-related genes. Among these genes, one TF belongs to the zinc finger protein CONSTANS family and proved via qPCR to drive expression of a gene encoding a speculative TF namely zinc transporter 3-like and two other stress related genes encoding tryptophan synthase alpha chain and asparagine synthetase. Known functions of the two TFs under drought stress complement those of the two concordantly expressed stress-related genes, thus, it is likely that they are related. This study highlights the possibility to utilize metabolic engineering approaches to decipher and incorporate existing regulatory frameworks under drought stress in future breeding programs of bread wheat.
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de Paz Linares GA, Freeman SA, Cai R. Using Ion Substitution and Fluid Indicators to Monitor Macropinosome Dynamics in Live Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2692:375-384. [PMID: 37365480 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3338-0_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
All forms of endocytosis involve the incidental uptake of fluid (pinocytosis). Macropinocytosis is a specialized type of endocytosis that results in the bulk ingestion of extracellular fluid via large (>0.2 μm) vacuoles called macropinosomes. The process is a means of immune surveillance, a point of entry for intracellular pathogens, and a source of nutrients for proliferating cancer cells. Macropinocytosis has also recently emerged as a tractable system that can be experimentally exploited to understand fluid handling in the endocytic pathway. In this chapter, we describe how stimulating macropinocytosis in the presence of extracellular fluids of a defined ionic composition can be combined with high-resolution microscopy to understand the role of ion transport in controlling membrane traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Spencer A Freeman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Ruiqi Cai
- Program in Cell Biology, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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4
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Vaziriyeganeh M, Khan S, Zwiazek JJ. Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Potential Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Contributing to Maintenance of Water Balance by the Halophytic Grass Puccinellia nuttalliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:760863. [PMID: 34777443 PMCID: PMC8586710 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.760863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated soil salinity exacerbated by human activities and global climate change poses serious threats to plant survival. Although halophytes provide many important clues concerning salt tolerance in plants, some unanswered questions remain to be addressed, including the processes of water and solute transport regulation. We performed high-throughput RNA-sequencing in roots and metabolome characterizations in roots and leaves of Puccinellia nuttalliana halophytic grass subjected to 0 (control) and 150 mM NaCl. In RNAseq, a total of 31 Gb clean bases generated were de novo assembled into 941,894 transcripts. The PIP2;2 and HKT1;5 transcript levels increased in response to the NaCl treatment implying their roles in water and ion homeostasis. Several transcription factors, including WRKY39, DEK3, HY5, and ABF2, were also overexpressed in response to NaCl. The metabolomic analysis revealed that proline and dopamine significantly increased due to the upregulation of the pathway genes under salt stress, likely contributing to salt tolerance mechanisms. Several phosphatidylcholines significantly increased in roots suggesting that the alterations of membrane lipid composition may be an important strategy in P. nuttalliana for maintaining cellular homeostasis and membrane integrity under salt stress. In leaves, the TCA cycle was enriched suggesting enhanced energy metabolism to cope with salt stress. Other features contributing to the ability of P. nuttalliana to survive under high salinity conditions include salt secretion by the salt glands and enhanced cell wall lignification of the root cells. While most of the reported transcriptomic, metabolomics, and structural alterations may have consequences to water balance maintenance by plants under salinity stress, the key processes that need to be further addressed include the role of the changes in the aquaporin gene expression profiles in the earlier reported enhancement of the aquaporin-mediated root water transport.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janusz J. Zwiazek
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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5
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Herrera F, Bondarenko O, Boryshpolets S. Osmoregulation in fish sperm. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:785-795. [PMID: 34076793 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00958-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In most fish exhibiting external fertilization, spermatozoa become motile after release into water, triggered by differences between intracellular and extracellular conditions such as osmotic pressure, ion composition, and pH. The rapid change in osmolarity initiating spermatozoon motility induces osmotic pressure, resulting in active water movement across the cell membrane. Mechanisms of ion and water transport across the plasma membrane and cell volume regulation are important in maintaining structure and functional integrity of the cell. The capacity of the fish spermatozoon plasma membrane to adapt to dramatic environmental changes is an essential prerequisite for motility and successful fertilization. Adaptation to change in external osmolality may be the basis of spermatozoon function and an indicator of sperm quality. The involvement of specific water channels (aquaporins) in cell volume regulation and motility is highly likely. The goal of this review is to describe basic mechanisms of water transport and their role in fish spermatozoon physiology, focusing on osmoresistance, cell volume regulation, motility, and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Herrera
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Olga Bondarenko
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Sergii Boryshpolets
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25, Vodňany, Czech Republic
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6
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Galenkamp KMO, Commisso C. The Golgi as a "Proton Sink" in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664295. [PMID: 34055797 PMCID: PMC8155353 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit increased glycolytic flux and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis. These processes increase the acidic burden on the cells through the production of lactate and protons. Nonetheless, cancer cells can maintain an alkaline intracellular pH (pHi) relative to untransformed cells, which sets the stage for optimal functioning of glycolytic enzymes, evasion of cell death, and increased proliferation and motility. Upregulation of plasma membrane transporters allows for H+ and lactate efflux; however, recent evidence suggests that the acidification of organelles can contribute to maintenance of an alkaline cytosol in cancer cells by siphoning off protons, thereby supporting tumor growth. The Golgi is such an acidic organelle, with resting pH ranging from 6.0 to 6.7. Here, we posit that the Golgi represents a "proton sink" in cancer and delineate the proton channels involved in Golgi acidification and the ion channels that influence this process. Furthermore, we discuss ion channel regulators that can affect Golgi pH and Golgi-dependent processes that may contribute to pHi homeostasis in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen M. O. Galenkamp
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Cosimo Commisso
- Cell and Molecular Biology of Cancer Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
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7
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Carrageta DF, Bernardino RL, Alves MG, Oliveira PF. CFTR regulation of aquaporin-mediated water transport. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2020; 112:163-177. [PMID: 32061340 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an anion channel responsible for the direct transport of bicarbonate and chloride. CFTR-dependent ionic transport is crucial for pH regulation and fluid homeodynamics among epithelial surfaces. Particularly, CFTR performs an essential role in the male reproductive tract, which requires a tight regulation of water and electrolytes in order to produce healthy spermatozoa. The absence or malfunction of CFTR results in cystic fibrosis, the most common lethal disease among Caucasians, that is characterized by an impaired fluid and ionic homeostasis in the whole organism. Due to the wide expression and importance of CFTR, the male reproductive tract is highly affected by cystic fibrosis, resulting in male infertility. Although CFTR is not permeable to water, this protein acts as a regulator of other protein channels, such as aquaporins. In fact, CFTR acts as a molecular partner of aquaporins in epithelial cells, regulating fluid homeodynamics. Herein, up-to-date data concerning the regulation of aquaporin-mediated water transport by CFTR will be discussed, highlighting the role of both channels in the male reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Carrageta
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel L Bernardino
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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8
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Aquaporins and male (in)fertility: Expression and role throughout the male reproductive tract. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 679:108222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Ishibashi K, Tanaka Y, Morishita Y. Perspectives on the evolution of aquaporin superfamily. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2020; 112:1-27. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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10
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Fu D, Dai L, Gao H, Sun Y, Liu B, Chen H. Identification, Expression Patterns and RNA Interference of Aquaporins in Dendroctonus armandi (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) Larvae During Overwintering. Front Physiol 2019; 10:967. [PMID: 31427984 PMCID: PMC6688586 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to survive annual temperature minima could be a key determinant of distribution limits for insects under global climate change. Recent studies have suggested that insect aquaporins are indispensable for cellular water management under conditions that lead to dehydration and cold stress. Aquaporins are integral membrane water channel proteins in the major intrinsic protein superfamily and promote selected solutes and the movement of water across biological membranes. We cloned and characterized nine full-length aquaporins from Dendroctonus armandi (DaAqps), the most destructive forest pest in the Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi Province, China. Eight of the DaAqps belong to three classical aquaporin grades, including the Drosophila integral protein, the Pyrocoelia rufa integral protein, the entomoglyceroporins and one that belongs to the unorthodox grade of aquaporin 12-like channels. The DaAqps were increasingly expressed during different developmental stages and in different larval tissues, and expression peaked in mid-winter. They were tested under cold conditions for different lengths of time, and the expression of almost all DaAqps was down regulated with decreasing temperatures and long-term exposure to cold conditions. However, when the lowest temperatures were reached, the levels were immediately upregulated. These genes indicate that cold tolerance can improve through mortality responses at low temperatures after RNA interference of DaAqps. In our study, we analyzed the molecular response, expression patterns, and RNA interference of DaAqps and clarified the crucial role of protective compounds (aquaporins) underlying D. armandi cold tolerance and provide a new pest control method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Fu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lulu Dai
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Haiming Gao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yaya Sun
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Araujo MVT, Spadella MA, Chies AB, Arruda GV, Santos TDM, Cavariani MM, Domeniconi RF. Effect of low radiation dose on the expression and location of aquaporins in rat submandibular gland. Tissue Cell 2018; 53:104-110. [PMID: 30060820 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers are common in several regions of the world and the treatment usually includes radiotherapy. This treatment can generate adverse effects to the salivary flow, with a relationship between the dose and the damage caused. Salivary gland cells are highly permeable to water and therefore, they express aquaporins (AQPs). This study analyzed changes in the expression and location of these proteins and identified morphological changes induced by low radiation in rat submandibular gland. Female rats were divided into control and irradiated groups. Immunohistochemistry analysis allowed confirming the presence of AQP1 in the blood vessel endothelium. Intense and steady labelling granules were also observed in the cytoplasm of submandibular gland ductal cells. In addition, there was AQP5 positive labelling in ductal cells delimiting the lumen of intercalated duct, in the cytoplasm and membrane of acinar cells. Finally, the decrease of AQP labelling in irradiated animal glands validated their radiosensitivity. Thus, the decrease in AQP1 protein levels in the endothelium and AQP5 in gland ductal cells of irradiated animals may have hindered the removal of water from the lumen of ductal cells, inducing a delay in water absorption and triggering a slight lumen increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V T Araujo
- Faculty of Medicine of Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - M A Spadella
- Faculty of Medicine of Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - A B Chies
- Faculty of Medicine of Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - G V Arruda
- Faculty of Medicine of Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP, Brazil
| | - T de M Santos
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - M M Cavariani
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - R F Domeniconi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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12
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Kapilan R, Vaziri M, Zwiazek JJ. Regulation of aquaporins in plants under stress. Biol Res 2018; 51:4. [PMID: 29338771 PMCID: PMC5769316 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-018-0152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQP) are channel proteins belonging to the Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP) superfamily that play an important role in plant water relations. The main role of aquaporins in plants is transport of water and other small neutral molecules across cellular biological membranes. AQPs have remarkable features to provide an efficient and often, specific water flow and enable them to transport water into and out of the cells along the water potential gradient. Plant AQPs are classified into five main subfamilies including the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), nodulin 26 like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs) and X intrinsic proteins (XIPs). AQPs are localized in the cell membranes and are found in all living cells. However, most of the AQPs that have been described in plants are localized to the tonoplast and plasma membranes. Regulation of AQP activity and gene expression, are also considered as a part of the adaptation mechanisms to stress conditions and rely on complex processes and signaling pathways as well as complex transcriptional, translational and posttranscriptional factors. Gating of AQPs through different mechanisms, such as phosphorylation, tetramerization, pH, cations, reactive oxygen species, phytohormones and other chemical agents, may play a key role in plant responses to environmental stresses by maintaining the uptake and movement of water in the plant body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Vaziri
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Janusz J Zwiazek
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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13
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Purification and functional comparison of nine human Aquaporins produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the purpose of biophysical characterization. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16899. [PMID: 29203835 PMCID: PMC5715081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The sparse number of high-resolution human membrane protein structures severely restricts our comprehension of molecular physiology and ability to exploit rational drug design. In the search for a standardized, cheap and easily handled human membrane protein production platform, we thoroughly investigated the capacity of S. cerevisiae to deliver high yields of prime quality human AQPs, focusing on poorly characterized members including some previously shown to be difficult to isolate. Exploiting GFP labeled forms we comprehensively optimized production and purification procedures resulting in satisfactory yields of all nine AQP targets. We applied the obtained knowledge to successfully upscale purification of histidine tagged human AQP10 produced in large bioreactors. Glycosylation analysis revealed that AQP7 and 12 were O-glycosylated, AQP10 was N-glycosylated while the other AQPs were not glycosylated. We furthermore performed functional characterization and found that AQP 2, 6 and 8 allowed flux of water whereas AQP3, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 12 also facilitated a glycerol flux. In conclusion, our S. cerevisiae platform emerges as a powerful tool for isolation of functional, difficult-to-express human membrane proteins suitable for biophysical characterization.
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14
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Molinas A, Turkina MV, Magnusson KE, Mirazimi A, Vikström E. Perturbation of Wound Healing, Cytoskeletal Organization and Cellular Protein Networks during Hazara Virus Infection. Front Cell Dev Biol 2017; 5:98. [PMID: 29209610 PMCID: PMC5702460 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2017.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal epithelial and endothelial renewal and healing after bacterial and viral challenges are essential for homeostasis along the intestine and the blood and lymphatic vessels. We thus investigated whether and how virus affects migration of human epithelial cells and specifically how the nucleocapsid protein (N) modulates the cellular proteome and interactome using human Caco-2 cells in a wound-healing assay with Hazara virus as a model. Here, Hazara virus blocked cell migration in a dose- and time-dependent manner, disrupted the actin cytoskeleton and specifically reduced the expression of the IQ-motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) and water channel aquaporin 6 (AQP6) that regulate cytoskeletal organization, water homeostasis and vesicle communication. Moreover, in the Caco-2 cell proteome, we identified several distinct groups of molecules associating with N upon Hazara virus infection, being involved in the ensemble of important cellular processes, e.g., chaperone activity, metabolism, cellular defense against infections, cell morphology, and migration. These events do not only facilitate the virus life cycle, but they are also crucial for membrane and cytoskeleton dynamics, cellular self-renewal and wound healing, being so essential for body integrity and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Molinas
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria V Turkina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karl-Eric Magnusson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ali Mirazimi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Vikström
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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15
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Yeste M, Morató R, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Bonet S, Prieto-Martínez N. Aquaporins in the male reproductive tract and sperm: Functional implications and cryobiology. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52 Suppl 4:12-27. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm); Unit of Cell Biology; Department of Biology; Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Girona; Girona Spain
| | - R Morató
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm); Unit of Cell Biology; Department of Biology; Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Girona; Girona Spain
- Unit of Animal Reproduction; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) Barcelona Spain
| | - JE Rodríguez-Gil
- Unit of Animal Reproduction; Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) Barcelona Spain
| | - S Bonet
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm); Unit of Cell Biology; Department of Biology; Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Girona; Girona Spain
| | - N Prieto-Martínez
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm); Unit of Cell Biology; Department of Biology; Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology; Faculty of Sciences; University of Girona; Girona Spain
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Ishibashi K, Morishita Y, Tanaka Y. The Evolutionary Aspects of Aquaporin Family. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 969:35-50. [PMID: 28258564 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1057-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs ) are a family of transmembrane proteins present in almost all species including virus. They are grossly divided into three subfamilies based on the sequence around a highly conserved pore-forming NPA motif: (1) classical water -selective AQP (CAQP), (2) glycerol -permeable aquaglyceroporin (AQGP) and (3) AQP super-gene channel, superaquaporin (SAQP). AQP is composed of two tandem repeats of conserved three transmembrane domains and a NPA motif. AQP ancestors probably started in prokaryotes by the duplication of half AQP genes to be diversified into CAQPs or AQGPs by evolving a subfamily-specific carboxyl-terminal NPA motif. Both AQP subfamilies may have been carried over to unicellular eukaryotic ancestors, protists and further to multicellular organisms. Although fungus lineage has kept both AQP subfamilies, the plant lineage has lost AQGP after algal ancestors with extensive diversifications of CAQPs into PIP, TIP, SIP, XIP, HIP and LIP with a possible horizontal transfer of NIP from bacteria. Interestingly, the animal lineage has obtained new SAQP subfamily with highly deviated NPA motifs, especially at the amino-terminal halves in both prostomial and deuterostomial animals. The prostomial lineage has lost AQGP after hymenoptera, while the deuterostomial lineage has kept all three subfamilies up to the vertebrate with diversified CAQPs (AQP0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8) and AQGPs (AQP3, 7, 9, 10) with limited SAQPs (AQP11, 12) in mammals. Whole-genome duplications, local gene duplications and horizontal gene transfers may have produced the AQP diversity with adaptive selections and functional alternations in response to environment changes. With the above evolutionary perspective in mind, the function of each AQP could be speculated by comparison among species to get new insights into physiological roles of AQPs . This evolutionary guidance in AQP research will lead to deeper understandings of water and solute homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Ishibashi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Morishita
- Division of Nephrology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Ohmiya, Saitama-City, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tanaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
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Molinas A, Mirazimi A, Holm A, Loitto VM, Magnusson KE, Vikström E. Protective role of host aquaporin 6 against Hazara virus, a model for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw058. [PMID: 26976854 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an arthropod-borne pathogen that causes infectious disease with severe hemorrhagic manifestations in vascular system in humans. The proper function of the cells in the vascular system is critically regulated by aquaporins (AQP), water channels that facilitate fluxes of water and small solutes across membranes. With Hazara virus as a model for CCHFV, we investigated the effects of viruses on AQP6 and the impact of AQP6 on virus infectivity in host cells, using transiently expressed GFP-AQP6 cells, immunofluorescent assay for virus detection, epifluorescent imaging of living cells and confocal microscopy. In GFP-AQP6 expressing cells, Hazara virus reduced both the cellular and perinuclear AQP6 distribution and changed the cell area. Infection of human cell with CCHFV strain IbAR 10200 downregulated AQP6 expression at mRNA level. Interestingly, the overexpression of AQP6 in host cells decreased the infectivity of Hazara virus, speaking for a protective role of AQP6. We suggest the possibility for AQP6 being a novel player in the virus-host interactions, which may lead to less severe outcomes of an infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Molinas
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ali Mirazimi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angelika Holm
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Vesa M Loitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karl-Eric Magnusson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elena Vikström
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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Choma DP, Vanacore R, Naylor H, Zimmerman IA, Pavlichenko A, Pavlichenko A, Foye L, Carbone DP, Harris RC, Dikov MM, Tchekneva EE. Aquaporin 11 variant associates with kidney disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 310:F416-25. [PMID: 26719361 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00295.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease, a common complication of diabetes, associates with poor prognosis. Our previous animal model studies linked aquaporin (AQP)11 to acute kidney injury, hyperglycemia-induced renal impairment, and kidney disease in diabetes. Here, we report the AQP11 rs2276415 variant as a genetic factor placing type 2 diabetic patients at greater risk for the development of kidney disease. We performed two independent retrospective case-control studies in 1,075 diabetic and 1,619 nondiabetic individuals who were identified in the Synthetic Derivative Database with DNA samples in the BioVU DNA repository at Vanderbilt University (Nashville, TN). A χ(2)-test and multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustments for age, sex, baseline serum creatinine, and underlying comorbid disease covariates showed a significant association between rs2276415 and the prevalence of any event of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in diabetic patients but not in patients without diabetes. This result was replicated in the second independent study. Diabetic CKD patients over 55 yrs old with the minor AQP11 allele had a significantly faster progression of estimated glomerular filtration rate decline than patients with the wild-type genotype. Three-dimensional structural analysis suggested a functional impairment of AQP11 with rs2276415, which could place diabetic patients at a higher risk for kidney disease. These studies identified rs2276415 as a candidate genetic factor predisposing patients with type 2 diabetes to CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Choma
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Roberto Vanacore
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Helen Naylor
- Knowledge Management/Research Informatics Consult Service, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Ian A Zimmerman
- Kentucky College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Pikeville, Pikeville, Kentucky
| | | | | | - Liberty Foye
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David P Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mikhail M Dikov
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Elena E Tchekneva
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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Chen X, Zhou C, Yan C, Ma J, Zheng W. Hyperosmotic stress induces cisplatin sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells by stimulating aquaporin-5 expression. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:2055-2062. [PMID: 26668595 PMCID: PMC4665691 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are important mediators of water permeability and are closely associated with tumor cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and chemoresistance. Moreover, the chemosensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatin (CDDP) is potentially affected by osmotic pressure. The present study was undertaken to determine whether hyperosmosis regulates ovarian cancer cell sensitivity to CDDP in vitro and to explore whether this is associated with AQP expression. The hyperosmotic stress was induced by D-sorbitol. 3AO ovarian cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of hypertonic medium and/or CDDP for various times, followed by measuring the inhibition rate of cell proliferation using an MTT assay. In addition, AQP expression in response to osmotic pressure and/or CDDP was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Cell proliferation in response to hypertonic stress was also measured when AQP5 was knocked down by small interfering (si)RNA. 3AO cell proliferation was inhibited by hyperosmotic stress, while the expression of AQP5, but not that of AQP1, AQP3 or AQP9, was increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner in hypertonic sorbitol-containing medium. When AQP5 was silenced by siRNA, cells were susceptible to hypertonic stress. MTT analyses showed that the inhibition of cell proliferation by a low dose of CDDP increased significantly with exposure to a hyperosmotic stimulus, and this effect was reduced when a high dose of CDDP was used. AQP5 expression was induced by a low dose of CDDP, but was reduced by a high dose of CDDP. However, hyperosmosis enhanced AQP5 mRNA expression at every dose of CDDP tested, compared with isotonic medium. With prolonged treatment time, AQP5 expression was reduced by CDDP in hypertonic and isotonic culture medium. Thus, the effects of hyperosmosis on cell sensitivity to CDDP were associated with AQP5 expression. These results suggest that AQP5 expression in ovarian cancer cells is induced by hypertonic medium, and that the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to CDDP can be regulated by hyperosmosis associated with AQP5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Chunxiao Yan
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Jiong Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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20
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Kuum M, Veksler V, Kaasik A. Potassium fluxes across the endoplasmic reticulum and their role in endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis. Cell Calcium 2014; 58:79-85. [PMID: 25467968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There are a number of known and suspected channels and exchangers in the endoplasmic reticulum that may participate in potassium flux across its membrane. They include trimeric intracellular cation channels permeable for potassium, ATP-sensitive potassium channels, calcium-activated potassium channels and the potassium-hydrogen exchanger. Apart from trimeric intracellular cation channels, which are specific to the endoplasmic reticulum, other potassium channels are also expressed in the plasma membrane and/or mitochondria, and their specific role in the endoplasmic reticulum has not yet been fully established. In addition to these potassium-selective channels, the ryanodine receptor and, potentially, the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor are permeable to potassium ions. Also, the role of potassium fluxes across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane has remained elusive. It has been proposed that their main role is to balance the charge movement that occurs during calcium release and uptake from or to the endoplasmic reticulum. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on endoplasmic reticulum potassium channels and fluxes and their potential role in endoplasmic reticulum calcium uptake and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malle Kuum
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Excellence for Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vladimir Veksler
- INSERM, U-769, Châtenay-Malabry F-92296, France; Univ Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry F-92296, France
| | - Allen Kaasik
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Excellence for Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, Tartu, Estonia.
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21
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Liu XM, Zhang D, Wang TT, Sheng JZ, Huang HF. Ion/Water Channels for Embryo Implantation Barrier. Physiology (Bethesda) 2014; 29:186-95. [PMID: 24789983 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00039.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful implantation involves three distinct processes, namely the embryo apposition, attachment, and penetration through the luminal epithelium of the endometrium to establish a vascular link to the mother. After penetration, stromal cells underlying the epithelium differentiate and surround the embryo to form the embryo implantation barrier, which blocks the passage of harmful substances to the embryo. Many ion/water channel proteins were found to be involved in the process of embryo implantation. First, ion/water channel proteins play their classical role in establishing a resting membrane potential, shaping action potentials and other electrical signals by gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane. Second, most of ion/water channel proteins are regulated by steroid hormone (estrogen or progesterone), which may have important implications to the embryo implantation. Last but not least, these proteins do not limit themselves as pure channels but also function as an initiator of a series of consequences once activated by their ligand/stimulator. Herein, we discuss these new insights in recent years about the contribution of ion/water channels to the embryo implantation barrier construction during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Mei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Ting-Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Jian-Zhong Sheng
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Feng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, People's Republic of China; and
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22
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Portnoy S, Fichtner ND, Dziegielewski C, Stanisz MP, Stanisz GJ. In vitro detection of apoptosis using oscillating and pulsed gradient diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:371-380. [PMID: 24421173 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cellular apoptosis, a common pathway towards tumor regression, is induced by many radiotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. Imaging methods that can detect apoptosis may be able to assess treatment response earlier than typical tumor volume measurements. In this paper, a wide range of diffusion experiments and a simple model of diffusion in tissues were used to probe the microstructural effects of apoptosis. Experiments were conducted on acute myeloid leukemia cell pellets, where apoptosis was induced by treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Seventy-two hours following cisplatin treatment, pulsed and oscillating gradient diffusion measurements were utilized to assess effects across a broad range of structural scales. The presence of apoptosis, which was histologically confirmed by TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase UTP nick end labelling) staining, significantly changed diffusion properties. To describe these changes, the data were fit to the parallel plane model, which characterizes the effects of restricted diffusion in terms of three parameters: d, the restricted size, Dfree , the intrinsic, free diffusion coefficient of the solvent, and Drest , the long time or "restricted" diffusion coefficient. Apoptotic samples exhibited significant decreases in parameters d and Dfree and a significant increase in Drest . These changes appear consistent with the established morphological effects of apoptosis. In particular, the decrease in d may be a result of the combined effects of cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation and membrane blebbing, the decrease in Dfree may relate to cytosolic condensation, while the increase in Drest can be attributed to increased membrane permeability and extracellular volume fraction. By non-invasively detecting apoptosis, the methods reported in this study have the potential to improve upon current MRI methods for monitoring therapeutic response. Furthermore, these methods may offer sufficient specificity to differentiate between apoptosis and other modes of cell death, such as oncosis or necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Portnoy
- Department of Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
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23
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Noronha H, Agasse A, Martins AP, Berny MC, Gomes D, Zarrouk O, Thiebaud P, Delrot S, Soveral G, Chaumont F, Gerós H. The grape aquaporin VvSIP1 transports water across the ER membrane. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:981-93. [PMID: 24376256 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Water diffusion through biological membranes is facilitated by aquaporins, members of the widespread major intrinsic proteins (MIPs). In the present study, the localization, expression, and functional characterization of a small basic intrinsic protein (SIP) from the grapevine were assessed. VvSIP1 was expressed in leaves and berries from field-grown vines, and in leaves and stems from in vitro plantlets, but not in roots. When expressed in tobacco mesophyll cells and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fluorescent-tagged VvSIP1 was localized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Stopped-flow spectroscopy showed that VvSIP1-enriched ER membrane vesicles from yeast exhibited higher water permeability and lower activation energy for water transport than control vesicles, indicating the involvement of protein-mediated water diffusion. This aquaporin was able to transport water but not glycerol, urea, sorbitol, glucose, or inositol. VvSIP1 expression in Xenopus oocytes failed to increase the water permeability of the plasma membrane. VvSIP1-His-tag was solubilized and purified to homogeneity from yeast ER membranes and the reconstitution of the purified protein in phosphatidylethanolamine liposomes confirmed its water channel activity. To provide further insights into gene function, the expression of VvSIP1 in mature grapes was studied when vines were cultivated in different field conditions, but its transcript levels did not increase significantly in water-stressed plants and western-exposed berries. However, the expression of the aquaporin genes VvSIP1, VvPIP2;2, and VvTIP1;1 was up-regulated by heat in cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Noronha
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas CITAB, Portugal
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Fabrick JA, Pei J, Hull JJ, Yool AJ. Molecular and functional characterization of multiple aquaporin water channel proteins from the western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 45:125-140. [PMID: 24333473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are integral membrane channel proteins that facilitate the bidirectional transfer of water or other small solutes across biological membranes involved in numerous essential physiological processes. In arthropods, AQPs belong to several subfamilies, which contribute to osmoregulation, respiration, cryoprotection, anhydrobiosis, and excretion. We cloned and characterized five novel AQPs from the western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus, a polyphagous insect pest of food and fiber crops throughout western North America. The L. hesperus AQPs (LhAQP1-5) belong to different phylogenetic subfamilies, have unique transcription profiles and cellular localizations, and all transport water (but not glycerol) when heterologously expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Our results demonstrate that multiple AQPs with possible compensatory functions are produced in L. hesperus that likely play important roles in maintaining water homeostasis in this important insect pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Fabrick
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA.
| | - Jinxin Pei
- University of Adelaide, School of Medical Sciences, Frome Rd., Medical School South, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - J Joe Hull
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA
| | - Andrea J Yool
- University of Adelaide, School of Medical Sciences, Frome Rd., Medical School South, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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De Bellis M, Pisani F, Mola MG, Basco D, Catalano F, Nicchia GP, Svelto M, Frigeri A. A novel human aquaporin-4 splice variant exhibits a dominant-negative activity: a new mechanism to regulate water permeability. Mol Biol Cell 2013; 25:470-80. [PMID: 24356448 PMCID: PMC3923639 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-06-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An alternatively spliced transcript of human AQP4 that lacks exon 4 is identified. In transfected cells, AQP4-Δ4 shows no water transport properties, is retained in the ER, and has a dominant-negative effect on full-length AQP4. In skeletal muscles, AQP4-Δ4 mRNA expression inversely correlates with the level of AQP4 protein in different muscles. Two major isoforms of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) have been described in human tissue. Here we report the identification and functional analysis of an alternatively spliced transcript of human AQP4, AQP4-Δ4, that lacks exon 4. In transfected cells AQP4-Δ4 is mainly retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and shows no water transport properties. When AQP4-Δ4 is transfected into cells stably expressing functional AQP4, the surface expression of the full-length protein is reduced. Furthermore, the water transport activity of the cotransfectants is diminished in comparison to transfectants expressing only AQP4. The observed down-regulation of both the expression and water channel activity of AQP4 is likely to originate from a dominant-negative effect caused by heterodimerization between AQP4 and AQP4-Δ4, which was detected in coimmunoprecipitation studies. In skeletal muscles, AQP4-Δ4 mRNA expression inversely correlates with the level of AQP4 protein and is physiologically associated with different types of skeletal muscles. The expression of AQP4-Δ4 may represent a new regulatory mechanism through which the cell-surface expression and therefore the activity of AQP4 can be physiologically modulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela De Bellis
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics and Center of Excellence in Comparative Genomics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro," 70126 Bari, Italy Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland M. Sarcone Hospital, 70038 Terlizzi, Bari, Italy
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Ishibashi K, Tanaka Y, Morishita Y. The role of mammalian superaquaporins inside the cell. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:1507-12. [PMID: 24189537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian two superaquaporins, AQP11 and AQP12, are present inside the cell and their null phenotypes in mice suggest their unusual functions. SCOPE OF REVIEW The surveyed literature on these superaquaporins and our unpublished data has been incorporated to speculate their roles. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS AQP11 and AQP12 have unique NPA boxes with a signature cysteine residue. Although some water permeability of AQP11 was demonstrated in liposomes and cultured cells, its permeability to glycerol is unknown. The function of AQP12 still remains to be clarified. AQP11 null mice develop polycystic kidneys following large intracellular vacuoles in the proximal tubule, which may be caused by ER stress or vesicle fusion failure. The role of AQP11 in the kidney and liver seems to alleviate the tissue damage and facilitate the recovery. Its expression in the sperm, thymus and brain suggests its potential roles in these organs in spite of the apparently normal null phenotype. Although AQP12 null mice appear normal, they suffer from severe pancreatitis, suggesting its role in the fusion of zymogen granules. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE As many issues are unsolved, the clarification of the function and roles of the superaquaporin may lead to the identification of new roles of AQPs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Aquaporins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Ishibashi
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasuko Tanaka
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Pharmacy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Atochina-Vasserman EN, Biktasova A, Abramova E, Cheng DS, Polosukhin VV, Tanjore H, Takahashi S, Sonoda H, Foye L, Venkov C, Ryzhov SV, Novitskiy S, Shlonimskaya N, Ikeda M, Blackwell TS, Lawson WE, Gow AJ, Harris RC, Dikov MM, Tchekneva EE. Aquaporin 11 insufficiency modulates kidney susceptibility to oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 304:F1295-307. [PMID: 23486012 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00344.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 11 (AQP11) is a newly described member of the protein family of transport channels. AQP11 associates with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is highly expressed in proximal tubular epithelial cells in the kidney. Previously, we identified and characterized a recessive mutation of the highly conserved Cys227 to Ser227 in mouse AQP11 that caused proximal tubule (PT) injury and kidney failure in mutant mice. The current study revealed induction of ER stress, unfolded protein response, and apoptosis as molecular mechanisms of this PT injury. Cys227Ser mutation interfered with maintenance of AQP11 oligomeric structure. AQP11 is abundantly expressed in the S1 PT segment, a site of major renal glucose flux, and Aqp11 mutant mice developed PT-specific mitochondrial injury. Glucose increased AQP11 protein expression in wild-type kidney and upregulation of AQP11 expression by glucose in vitro was prevented by phlorizin, an inhibitor of sodium-dependent glucose transport across PT. Total AQP11 levels in heterozygotes were higher than in wild-type mice but were not further increased in response to glucose. In Aqp11 insufficient PT cells, glucose potentiated increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. ROS production was also elevated in Aqp11 mutation carriers. Phenotypically normal mice heterozygous for the Aqp11 mutation repeatedly treated with glucose showed increased blood urea nitrogen levels that were prevented by the antioxidant sulforaphane or by phlorizin. Our results indicate an important role for AQP11 to prevent glucose-induced oxidative stress in proximal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N Atochina-Vasserman
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Cai C, Wang C, Ji W, Liu B, Kang Y, Hu Z, Jiang Z. Knockdown of hepatic aquaglyceroporin-9 alleviates high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 15:550-6. [PMID: 23415870 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a common public health problem that can progress to end-stage liver disease. Although the function of aquaglyceroporin-9 (AQP9) as a glycerol channel has been proven, the mechanism of AQP9 in the development of NAFLD is poorly understood. To investigate the effect of hepatic glycerol uptake inhibition, we utilized a lentivirus-associated RNA interference technique to knock down the expression of hepatic AQP9 in high fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in rodents. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a standard chow diet or HFD for 8 weeks. Rats fed a HFD were separated into 3 groups: HFD, control and transfection group, which were injected with equivalent amounts of PBS, lentivirus-scramble and lentivirus-shRNA-AQP9 through the hepatic portal vein. The results showed a remarkable decrease in the expression of AQP9 mRNA and protein in liver for the transfection group. Furthermore, less hepatic steatosis occurred when compared to the HFD and control groups after 8weeks. Our results indicate a potential role for AQP9 in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
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Khan LA, Zhang H, Abraham N, Sun L, Fleming JT, Buechner M, Hall DH, Gobel V. Intracellular lumen extension requires ERM-1-dependent apical membrane expansion and AQP-8-mediated flux. Nat Cell Biol 2013; 15:143-56. [PMID: 23334498 PMCID: PMC4091717 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Many unicellular tubes such as capillaries form lumens intracellularly, a process that is not well understood. Here we show that the cortical membrane organizer ERM-1 is required to expand the intracellular apical/lumenal membrane and its actin undercoat during single-cell C.elegans excretory canal morphogenesis. We characterize AQP-8, identified in an ERM-1 overexpression (ERM-1[++]) suppressor screen, as a canalicular aquaporin that interacts with ERM-1 in lumen extension in a mercury-sensitive manner, implicating water-channel activity. AQP-8 is transiently recruited to the lumen by ERM-1, co-localizing in peri-lumenal cuffs interspaced along expanding canals. An ERM-1[++]-mediated increase in the number of lumen-associated canaliculi is reversed by AQP-8 depletion. We propose that the ERM-1-AQP-8 interaction propels lumen extension by translumenal flux, suggesting a direct morphogenetic effect of water-channel-regulated fluid pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liakot A Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, 02114, USA
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Benga G. On the definition, nomenclature and classification of water channel proteins (aquaporins and relatives). Mol Aspects Med 2012; 33:514-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Functions of water channels in male and female reproductive systems. Mol Aspects Med 2012; 33:676-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Homozygosity for aquaporin 7 G264V in three unrelated children with hyperglyceroluria and a mild platelet secretion defect. Genet Med 2012; 15:55-63. [PMID: 22899094 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2012.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Aquaporin 7 (AQP7) belongs to the aquaglyceroporin family, which transports glycerol and water. AQP7-deficient mice develop obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperglyceroluria. However, AQP7's pathophysiologic role in humans is not yet known. METHODS Three children with psychomotor retardation and hyperglyceroluria were screened for AQP7 mutations. The children were from unrelated families. Urine and plasma glycerol levels were measured using a three-step enzymatic approach. Platelet morphology and function were studied using electron microscopy, aggregations, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) secretion tests. RESULTS The index patients were homozygous for AQP7 G264V, which has previously been shown to inhibit transport of glycerol in Xenopus oocytes. We also detected a subclinical platelet secretion defect with reduced ATP secretion, and the absence of a secondary aggregation wave after epinephrine stimulation. Electron microscopy revealed round platelets with centrally located granules. Immunostaining showed AQP7 colocalization, with dense granules that seemed to be released after strong platelet activation. Healthy relatives of these patients, who were homozygous (not heterozygous) for G264V, also had hyperglyceroluria and platelet granule abnormalities. CONCLUSION The discovery of an association between urine glycerol loss and a platelet secretion defect is a novel one, and our findings imply the involvement of AQPs in platelet secretion. Additional studies are needed to define whether AQP7 G264V is also a risk factor for mental disability.
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Marshall WF. Organelle size control systems: from cell geometry to organelle-directed medicine. Bioessays 2012; 34:721-4. [PMID: 22760545 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201200043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wallace F Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Anderberg HI, Danielson JÅH, Johanson U. Algal MIPs, high diversity and conserved motifs. BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:110. [PMID: 21510875 PMCID: PMC3111385 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) also named aquaporins form channels facilitating the passive transport of water and other small polar molecules across membranes. MIPs are particularly abundant and diverse in terrestrial plants but little is known about their evolutionary history. In an attempt to investigate the origin of the plant MIP subfamilies, genomes of chlorophyte algae, the sister group of charophyte algae and land plants, were searched for MIP encoding genes. Results A total of 22 MIPs were identified in the nine analysed genomes and phylogenetic analyses classified them into seven subfamilies. Two of these, Plasma membrane Intrinsic Proteins (PIPs) and GlpF-like Intrinsic Proteins (GIPs), are also present in land plants and divergence dating support a common origin of these algal and land plant MIPs, predating the evolution of terrestrial plants. The subfamilies unique to algae were named MIPA to MIPE to facilitate the use of a common nomenclature for plant MIPs reflecting phylogenetically stable groups. All of the investigated genomes contained at least one MIP gene but only a few species encoded MIPs belonging to more than one subfamily. Conclusions Our results suggest that at least two of the seven subfamilies found in land plants were present already in an algal ancestor. The total variation of MIPs and the number of different subfamilies in chlorophyte algae is likely to be even higher than that found in land plants. Our analyses indicate that genetic exchanges between several of the algal subfamilies have occurred. The PIP1 and PIP2 groups and the Ca2+ gating appear to be specific to land plants whereas the pH gating is a more ancient characteristic shared by all PIPs. Further studies are needed to discern the function of the algal specific subfamilies MIPA-E and to fully understand the evolutionary relationship of algal and terrestrial plant MIPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna I Anderberg
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Ishibashi K, Kondo S, Hara S, Morishita Y. The evolutionary aspects of aquaporin family. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2011; 300:R566-76. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.90464.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) were originally identified as channels facilitating water transport across the plasma membrane. They have a pair of highly conserved signature sequences, asparagine-proline-alanine (NPA) boxes, to form a pore. However, some have little conserved amino acid sequences around the NPA boxes unclassifiable to two previous AQP subfamilies, classical AQPs and aquaglyceroporins. These will be called unorthodox AQPs in this review. Interestingly, these unorthodox AQPs have a highly conserved cysteine residue downstream of the second NPA box. AQPs also have a diversity of functions: some related to water transport such as fluid secretion, fluid absorption, and cell volume regulation, and the others not directly related to water transport such as cell adhesion, cell migration, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. Some AQPs even permeate nonionic small molecules, ions, metals, and possibly gasses. AQP gene disruption studies have revealed their physiological roles: water transport in the kidney and exocrine glands, glycerol transport in fat metabolism and in skin moisture, and nutrient uptakes in plants. Furthermore, AQPs are also present at intracellular organelles, including tonoplasts, mitochondria, and the endoplasmic reticulum. This review focuses on the evolutionary aspects of AQPs from bacteria to humans in view of the structural and functional diversities of AQPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Ishibashi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo; and
| | - Shintaro Kondo
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo; and
| | - Shigeki Hara
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo; and
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Yeung CH. Aquaporins in spermatozoa and testicular germ cells: identification and potential role. Asian J Androl 2010; 12:490-9. [PMID: 20562895 PMCID: PMC3739372 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2010.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian spermatozoa have relatively high water permeability and swell readily, as in the hypo-osmotic swelling test used in the andrology clinic. Physiologically, spermatozoa experience changes in the osmolality of the surrounding fluids in both the male and the female tracts on their journey from the testis to the ovum. Sperm volume regulation in response to such osmotic challenges is important to maintain a stable cell size for the normal shape and function of the sperm tail. Alongside ion channels for the fluxes of osmolytes, water channels would be crucial for sperm volume regulation. In contrast to the deep knowledge and numerous studies on somatic cell aquaporins (AQPs), the understanding of sperm AQPs is limited. Among the 13 AQPs, convincing evidence for their presence in spermatozoa has been confined to AQP7, AQP8 and AQP11. Overall, current findings indicate a major role of AQP8 in water influx and efflux for sperm volume regulation, which is required for natural fertilization. The preliminary data suggestive of a role for AQP7 in sperm glycerol metabolism needs further substantiation. The association of AQP11 with the residual cytoplasm of elongated spermatids and the distal tail of spermatozoa supports the hypothesis of more than just a role in conferring water permeability and also in the turnover and recycling of surplus cellular components made redundant during spermiogenesis and spermiation. This would be crucial for the maintenance of a germinal epithelium functioning efficiently in the production of spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hei Yeung
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Clinic, Muenster, Germany.
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38
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Aquaglyceroporin 9 in brain pathologies. Neuroscience 2010; 168:1047-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2009] [Revised: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Barbara B. Aquaporin biology and nervous system. Curr Neuropharmacol 2010; 8:97-104. [PMID: 21119880 PMCID: PMC2923373 DOI: 10.2174/157015910791233204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the movement of water through cell membranes has been greatly advanced by the discovery of a family of water-specific, membrane-channel proteins: the Aquaporins (AQPs). These proteins are present in organisms at all levels of life, and their unique permeability characteristics and distribution in numerous tissues indicate diverse roles in the regulation of water homeostasis.Phenotype analysis of AQP knock-out mice has confirmed the predicted role of AQPs in osmotically driven transepithelial fluid transport, as occurs in the urinary concentrating mechanism and glandular fluid secretion. Regarding their expression in nervous system, there are evidences suggesting that AQPs are differentially expressed in the peripheral versus central nervous system and that channel-mediated water transport mechanisms may be involved in cerebrospinal fluid formation, neuronal signal transduction and information processing.Moreover, a number of recent studies have revealed the importance of mammalian AQPs in both physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms and have suggested that pharmacological modulation of AQP expression and activity may provide new tools for the treatment of variety of human disorders in which water and small solute transport may be involved. For all the AQPs, new contributions to physiological functions are likely to be discovered with ongoing work in this rapidly expanding field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buffoli Barbara
- Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Brescia, V.le Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Yeung CH, Cooper TG. Aquaporin AQP11 in the testis: molecular identity and association with the processing of residual cytoplasm of elongated spermatids. Reproduction 2010; 139:209-16. [PMID: 19812234 DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AQP11 is one of the latest aquaporin (AQP) family members found, which differs from the other AQPs by its intracellular localisation and unusual water pore nucleotides with unclear function. Despite the highest mRNA expression among organs having been reported in the testis, the testicular molecule has not been studied in detail. Immunohistochemistry of rat adult testis localised AQP11 to the elongated spermatids (ES) and no other cell types except residual bodies inside Sertoli cells. It was absent from early ES at least until stage 13, and after a first diffuse appearance in the caudal cytoplasm became concentrated in intracellular organelles by stage 17, was strongest in vesicles in the anterior cytoplasm at the final ES stages and appeared in residual bodies. Staining was detected on the distal quarter of the sperm tail only immediately before spermiation. A similar localisation was found in the mouse and developmental profiles for both the open reading frame mRNA and protein expression in 8-50 dpp testis pinpointed its first appearance coinciding with late stage ES. Sequencing of PCR products of testicular Aqp11 containing the open reading frames confirmed a full match with GenBank databases for rat, mouse and human. Western blotting revealed two or more molecular forms with the 26/27 kDa species dominating in the rat/mouse testis and the 33/34 kDa form selectively allocated to the spermatozoa. In view of intracellular vacuolation leading to polycystic kidney in Aqp11-null mice, a possible role of testicular AQP11 in the recycling of surplus cytoplasmic components of the ES and sustaining Sertoli cell capacity in the support of spermatogenesis was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Yeung
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Domagkstrasse 11, D48149 Münster, Germany.
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Nagahara M, Waguri-Nagaya Y, Yamagami T, Aoyama M, Tada T, Inoue K, Asai K, Otsuka T. TNF-alpha-induced aquaporin 9 in synoviocytes from patients with OA and RA. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 49:898-906. [PMID: 20181673 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether aquaporins (AQPs) are expressed in the synovial tissues of patients with OA and RA, and to examine the patterns of expression in patients with and without hydrarthrosis. METHODS AQPs were detected in synovial tissue samples from patients with OA and RA using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from patients with OA and RA were cultured and stimulated with TNF-alpha. The expression of AQPs in FLSs was examined using RT-PCR and western blot analyses and the function of aquaglyceroporins was examined by a glycerol uptake assay. RESULTS AQP1, -3 and -9 mRNAs were expressed in synovial tissues from patients with OA and RA. AQP1, -3 and -9 proteins were also detected by immunohistochemistry. AQP9 mRNA was expressed more strongly in the synovial tissues of OA patients with hydrarthrosis than those without. AQP9 mRNA and protein expression were strongly induced with TNF-alpha treatment in FLSs, whereas the expression of AQP1 and -3 mRNAs was not induced with TNF-alpha treatment. AQP9 as an aquaglyceroporin was induced by TNF-alpha. CONCLUSIONS AQP9 mRNA was detected in synovial tissues from OA and RA patients with hydrarthrosis. AQP9 expression was strongly induced in FLSs with TNF-alpha. Although the functions of AQP1, -3 and -9 in synovial tissues remain to be elucidated, it suggested that AQP9 might be related to the pathogenesis of hydrarthrosis and inflammatory synovitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashizu Nagahara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Larsen HS, Ruus AK, Schreurs O, Galtung HK. Aquaporin 11 in the developing mouse submandibular gland. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 118:9-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00708.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Aquaporins are multifunctional water and solute transporters highly divergent in living organisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1788:1213-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Benga G. Water channel proteins (later called aquaporins) and relatives: past, present, and future. IUBMB Life 2009; 61:112-33. [PMID: 19165894 DOI: 10.1002/iub.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Water channels or water channel proteins (WCPs) are transmembrane proteins that have a specific three-dimensional structure with a pore that can be permeated by water molecules. WCPs are large families (over 450 members) that are present in all kingdoms of life. The first WCP was discovered in the human red blood cell (RBC) membrane in 1980s. In 1990s other WCPs were discovered in plants, microorganisms, various animals, and humans; and it became obvious that the WCPs belong to the superfamily of major intrinsic proteins (MIPs, over 800 members). WCPs include three subfamilies: (a) aquaporins (AQPs), which are water specific (or selective water channels); (b) aquaglyceroporins (and glycerol facilitators), which are permeable to water and/or other small molecules; and (c) "superaquaporins" or subcellular AQPs. WCPs (and MIPs) have several structural characteristics which were better understood after the atomic structure of some MIPs was deciphered. The structure-function relationships of MIPs expressed in microorganisms (bacteria, archaea, yeast, and protozoa), plants, and some multicellular animal species [nematodes, insects, fishes, amphibians, mammals (and humans)] are described. A synthetic overview on the WCPs from RBCs from various species is provided. The physiological roles of WCPs in kidney, gastrointestinal system, respiratory apparatus, central nervous system, eye, adipose tissue, skin are described, and some implications of WCPs in various diseases are briefly presented. References of detailed reviews on each topic are given. This is the first review providing in a condensed form an overview of the whole WCP field that became in the last 20 years a very hot area of research in biochemistry and molecular cell biology, with wide and increasing implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe Benga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Iuliu HaTieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Abstract
Thirteen members of mammalian aquaporins have been identified. Initial ten members (AQP-AQP9) are relatively well detailed and their roles are clarified. However, the last three members, AQP10-AQP12, are poorly characterized and little is known about their roles though they were cloned 6 years ago. In this review, we focus on these three AQPs. AQP10 is an aquaglyceroporin while AQP11 and AQP12 belong to a new subfamily, superaquaporins. Knockout mice for these aquaporins are now available. The AQP11 null mouse has a remarkable phenotype, polycystic kidneys, which is neonatally fatal. On the other hand, the absence of the other two affected little. In some animals, AQP10 is even a pseudogene. This review summarizes the current knowledge on these AQPs and will hopefully stimulate future research on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Ishibashi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
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Ishibashi K, Koike S, Kondo S, Hara S, Tanaka Y. The role of a group III AQP, AQP11 in intracellular organelle homeostasis. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2009; 56 Suppl:312-7. [DOI: 10.2152/jmi.56.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shin Koike
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
| | - Shintaro Kondo
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
| | - Shigeki Hara
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yasuko Tanaka
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University
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Hermo L, Schellenberg M, Liu LY, Dayanandan B, Zhang T, Mandato CA, Smith CE. Membrane domain specificity in the spatial distribution of aquaporins 5, 7, 9, and 11 in efferent ducts and epididymis of rats. J Histochem Cytochem 2008; 56:1121-35. [PMID: 18796408 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.2008.951947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Water content within the epididymis of the male reproductive system is stringently regulated to promote sperm maturation. Several members of the aquaporin (AQP) family of water channel-forming integral membrane proteins have been identified in epididymal cells, but expression profiling for this epithelium is presently incomplete, and no AQP isoform has yet been identified on basolateral plasma membranes of these cells. In this study, we explored AQP expression by RT-PCR and light microscopy immunolocalizations using peroxidase and wide-field fluorescence techniques. The results indicate that several AQPs are coexpressed in the epididymis including AQP 5, 7, 9, and 11. Immunolocalizations suggested complex patterns in the spatial distribution of these AQPs. In principal cells, AQP 9 and 11 were present mainly on microvilli, whereas AQP 7 was localized primarily to lateral and then to basal plasma membranes in a region-specific manner. AQP 5 was also expressed regionally but was associated with membranes of endosomes. Additionally, AQPs were expressed by some but not all basal (AQP 7 and 11), clear (AQP 7 and 9), and halo (AQP 7 and 11) cells. These findings indicate unique associations of AQPs with specific membrane domains in a cell type- and region-specific manner within the epididymis of adult animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Hermo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2.
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Sasaki S. Introduction for Special issue for Aquaporin: expanding the world of aquaporins: new members and new functions. Pflugers Arch 2008; 456:647-9. [PMID: 18205009 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-007-0442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 12/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sei Sasaki
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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