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Tian Q, Yu T, Dong M, Hu Y, Chen X, Xue Y, Fang Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Xue D. Identification and Characterization of Shaker Potassium Channel Gene Family and Response to Salt and Chilling Stress in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9728. [PMID: 39273675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Shaker potassium channel proteins are a class of voltage-gated ion channels responsible for K+ uptake and translocation, playing a crucial role in plant growth and salt tolerance. In this study, bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify the members within the Shaker gene family. Moreover, the expression patterns of rice Shaker(OsShaker) K+ channel genes were analyzed in different tissues and salt treatment by RT-qPCR. The results revealed that there were eight OsShaker K+ channel genes distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7 in rice, and their promoters contained a variety of cis-regulatory elements, including hormone-responsive, light-responsive, and stress-responsive elements, etc. Most of the OsShaker K+ channel genes were expressed in all tissues of rice, but at different levels in different tissues. In addition, the expression of OsShaker K+ channel genes differed in the timing, organization and intensity of response to salt and chilling stress. In conclusion, our findings provide a reference for the understanding of OsShaker K+ channel genes, as well as their potential functions in response to salt and chilling stress in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxiang Tian
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Tongyuan Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Mengyuan Dong
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yunxia Fang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Dawei Xue
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Zi Y, Zhang Z, Zhao K, Yang X, Zhu L, Yin T, Chen C, Wen K, Li X, Zhang H, Liu X. Genome-wide identification of kiwifruit K + channel Shaker family members and their response to low-K + stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:833. [PMID: 39243055 PMCID: PMC11378538 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Hongyang' kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis cv 'Hongyang') is a high-quality variety of A. chinensis with the advantages of high yield, early ripening, and high stress tolerance. Studies have confirmed that the Shaker K+ genes family is involved in plant uptake and distribution of potassium (K+). RESULTS Twenty-eight Shaker genes were identified and analyzed from the 'Hongyang' kiwifruit (A. chinensis cv 'Hongyang') genome. Subcellular localization results showed that more than one-third of the AcShaker genes were on the cell membrane. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the AcShaker genes were divided into six subfamilies (I-VI). Conservative model, gene structure, and structural domain analyses showed that AcShaker genes of the same subfamily have similar sequence features and structure. The promoter cis-elements of the AcShaker genes were classified into hormone-associated cis-elements and environmentally stress-associated cis-elements. The results of chromosomal localization and duplicated gene analysis demonstrated that AcShaker genes were distributed on 18 chromosomes, and segmental duplication was the prime mode of gene duplication in the AcShaker family. GO enrichment analysis manifested that the ion-conducting pathway of the AcShaker family plays a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development and adversity stress. Compared with the transcriptome data of the control group, all AcShaker genes were expressed under low-K+stress, and the expression differences of three genes (AcShaker15, AcShaker17, and AcShaker22) were highly significant. The qRT-PCR results showed a high correlation with the transcriptome data, which indicated that these three differentially expressed genes could regulate low-K+ stress and reduce K+ damage in kiwifruit plants, thus improving the resistance to low-K+ stress. Comparison between the salt stress and control transcriptomic data revealed that the expression of AcShaker11 and AcShaker18 genes was significantly different and lower under salt stress, indicating that both genes could be involved in salt stress resistance in kiwifruit. CONCLUSION The results showed that 28 AcShaker genes were identified and all expressed under low K+ stress, among which AcShaker22 was differentially and significantly upregulated. The AcShaker22 gene can be used as a candidate gene to cultivate new varieties of kiwifruit resistant to low K+ and provide a reference for exploring more properties and functions of the AcShaker genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinqiang Zi
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiuyao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Tuo Yin
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Chaoying Chen
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Ke Wen
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Xulin Li
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Hanyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan Province, China.
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Chen C, Zhang Z, Lei Y, Chen W, Zhang Z, Dai H. The transcription factor MdERF023 negatively regulates salt tolerance by modulating ABA signaling and Na +/H + transport in apple. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:187. [PMID: 38958739 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE MdERF023 is a transcription factor that can reduce salt tolerance by inhibiting ABA signaling and Na+/H+ homeostasis. Salt stress is one of the principal environmental stresses limiting the growth and productivity of apple (Malus × domestica). The APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) family plays key roles in plant growth and various stress responses; however, the regulatory mechanism involved has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we identified an AP2/ERF transcription factor (TF), MdERF023, which plays a negative role in apple salt tolerance. Stable overexpression of MdERF023 in apple plants and calli significantly decreased salt tolerance. Biochemical and molecular analyses revealed that MdERF023 directly binds to the promoter of MdMYB44-like, a positive modulator of ABA signaling-mediated salt tolerance, and suppresses its transcription. In addition, MdERF023 downregulated the transcription of MdSOS2 and MdAKT1, thereby reducing the Na+ expulsion, K+ absorption, and salt tolerance of apple plants. Taken together, these results suggest that MdERF023 reduces apple salt tolerance by inhibiting ABA signaling and ion transport, and that it could be used as a potential target for breeding new varieties of salt-tolerant apple plants via genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Chen
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yingying Lei
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Hongyan Dai
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Ankit A, Kamali S, Singh A. Genomic & structural diversity and functional role of potassium (K +) transport proteins in plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:844-857. [PMID: 35367275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and productivity. It is the most abundant cation in plants and is involved in various cellular processes. Variable K+ availability is sensed by plant roots, consequently K+ transport proteins are activated to optimize K+ uptake. In addition to K+ uptake and translocation these proteins are involved in other important physiological processes like transmembrane voltage regulation, polar auxin transport, maintenance of Na+/K+ ratio and stomata movement during abiotic stress responses. K+ transport proteins display tremendous genomic and structural diversity in plants. Their key structural features, such as transmembrane domains, N-terminal domains, C-terminal domains and loops determine their ability of K+ uptake and transport and thus, provide functional diversity. Most K+ transporters are regulated at transcriptional and post-translational levels. Genetic manipulation of key K+ transporters/channels could be a prominent strategy for improving K+ utilization efficiency (KUE) in plants. This review discusses the genomic and structural diversity of various K+ transport proteins in plants. Also, an update on the function of K+ transport proteins and their regulatory mechanism in response to variable K+ availability, in improving KUE, biotic and abiotic stresses is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Ankit
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | | - Amarjeet Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Shaker-Type K+ Channel Genes in Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. Int J Genomics 2022; 2022:5053838. [PMID: 35310822 PMCID: PMC8926527 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5053838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Shaker-type K+ channels are critical for plant K+ acquisition and translocation that play key roles during plant growth and development. However, molecular mechanisms towards K+ channels are extremely rare in fruit trees, especially in peach. In this study, we identified 7 putative shaker-type K+ channel genes from peach, which were unevenly distributed on 5 chromosomes. The peach shaker K+ channel proteins were classified into 5 subfamilies, I-V, and were tightly clustered with pear homologs in the phylogenetic tree. Various cis-acting regulatory elements were detected in the promoter region of the shaker-type K+ channel genes, including phytohormone-responsive, abiotic stress-responsive, and development regulatory elements. The peach shaker K+ channel genes were expressed differentially in distinct tissues, and PpSPIK was specifically expressed in the full-bloom flowers; PpKAT1 and PpGORK were predominantly expressed in the leaves, while PpAKT1, PpKC1, and PpSKOR were majorly expressed in the roots. The peach shaker K+ channel genes were differentially regulated by abiotic stresses in that K+ deficiency, and ABA treatment mainly increased the shaker K+ channel gene expression throughout the whole seedling, whereas NaCl and PEG treatment reduced the shaker K+ channel gene expression, especially in the roots. Moreover, electrophysiological analysis demonstrated that PpSKOR is a typical voltage-dependent outwardly rectifying K+ channel in peach. This study lays a molecular basis for further functional studies of the shaker-type K+ channel genes in peach and provides a theoretical foundation for K+ nutrition and balance research in fruit trees.
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Zhao B, Yi X, Qiao X, Tang Y, Xu Z, Liu S, Zhang S. Genome-Wide Identification and Comparative Analysis of the ASR Gene Family in the Rosaceae and Expression Analysis of PbrASRs During Fruit Development. Front Genet 2022; 12:792250. [PMID: 35003225 PMCID: PMC8727533 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.792250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the Abscisic Acid (ABA) Stress and Ripening gene family (ASR) encode a class of plant-specific proteins with ABA/WDS domains that play important roles in fruit ripening, abiotic stress tolerance and biotic stress resistance in plants. The ASR gene family has been widely investigated in the monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Although the genome sequence is already available for eight fruit species of the Rosaceae, there is far less information about the evolutionary characteristics and the function of the ASR genes in the Rosaceae than in other plant families. Twenty-seven ASR genes were identified from species in the Rosaceae and divided into four subfamilies (I, II, III, and IV) on the basis of structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. Purifying selection was the primary force for ASR family gene evolution in eight Rosaceae species. qPCR experiments showed that the expression pattern of PbrASR genes from Pyrus bretschneideri was organ-specific, being mainly expressed in flower, fruit, leaf, and root. During fruit development, the mRNA abundance levels of different PbrASR genes were either down- or up-regulated, and were also induced by exogenous ABA. Furthermore, subcellular localization results showed that PbrASR proteins were mainly located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. These results provide a theoretical foundation for investigation of the evolution, expression, and functions of the ASR gene family in commercial fruit species of the Rosaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Xianrong Yi
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Zhimei Xu
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Shanting Liu
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Feng C, He C, Wang Y, Xu H, Xu K, Zhao Y, Yao B, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Idrice Carther KF, Luo J, Sun D, Gao H, Wang F, Li X, Liu W, Dong Y, Wang N, Zhou Y, Li H. Genome-wide identification of soybean Shaker K + channel gene family and functional characterization of GmAKT1 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana under salt and drought stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 266:153529. [PMID: 34583134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Potassium is a major cationic nutrient involved in numerous physiological processes in plants. The uptake of K+ is mediated by K+ channels and transporters, and the Shaker K+ channel gene family plays an essential role in K+ uptake and stress resistance in plants. However, little is known regarding this family in soybean. In this study, 14 members of the Shaker K+ channel gene family were identified in soybean and were classified into five groups. Protein domain analysis revealed that Shaker K+ channel gene members have an ion transport domain (ion trans), a cyclic nucleotide-binding domain, ankyrin repeat domains, and a dimerization domain in the potassium ion channel. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated that the expression of eight genes (notably GmAKT1) in soybean leaves and roots was significantly increased in response to salt and drought stress. Furthermore, the overexpression of GmAKT1 in Arabidopsis enhanced root length, K+ concentration, and fresh/dry weight ratio compared with wild-type plants subjected to salt and drought stress; this suggests that GmAKT1 improves the tolerance of soybean to abiotic stress. Our results provide important insight into the characterization of Shaker K+ channel gene family members in soybean and highlight the function of GmAKT1 in soybean plants under salt and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Chengming He
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Hehan Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Keheng Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Bowen Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Yinhe Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Kue Foka Idrice Carther
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - DaQian Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Hongtao Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Fawei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Weican Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Genome‑wide characterization of the Gα subunit gene family in Rosaceae and expression analysis of PbrGPAs under heat stress. Gene 2021; 810:146056. [PMID: 34732368 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Gα subunit is an important component of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex and an integral component of several signal transduction pathways. It plays crucial roles in the diverse processes of plant growth and development, including the response to abiotic stress, regulation of root development, involvement in stomatal movement, and participation in hormone responses, which have been well investigated in many species. However, no comprehensive analysis has identified and explored the evolution, expression pattern characteristics and heat stress response of the Gα subunit genes in Rosaceae. In this study, 52 Gα subunit genes were identified in eight Rosaceae species; these genes were divided into three subfamilies (I, II, and III) based on their phylogenetic, conserved motif, and structural characteristics. Whole genome and dispersed duplication events were found to have contributed significantly to the expansion of the Gα subunit gene family, and purifying selection to have played a key role in the evolution of Gα subunit genes. An expression analysis identified some PbrGPA genes that were highly expressed in leaf, root, and fruit, and exhibited diverse spatiotemporal expression models in pear. Under abiotic stress conditions, the mRNA transcript levels of PbrGPA genes were up-regulated in response to high temperature treatment in leaves. Furthermore, three Gα subunit genes were shown to be located in the plasma membrane and nucleus in pear. In conclusion, the study of the Gα subunit gene family will help us to better understand its evolutionary history and expression patterns, while facilitating further investigations into the function of the Gα subunit gene in response to heat stress.
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Lhamo D, Wang C, Gao Q, Luan S. Recent Advances in Genome-wide Analyses of Plant Potassium Transporter Families. Curr Genomics 2021; 22:164-180. [PMID: 34975289 PMCID: PMC8640845 DOI: 10.2174/1389202922666210225083634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants require potassium (K+) as a macronutrient to support numerous physiological processes. Understanding how this nutrient is transported, stored, and utilized within plants is crucial for breeding crops with high K+ use efficiency. As K+ is not metabolized, cross-membrane transport becomes a rate-limiting step for efficient distribution and utilization in plants. Several K+ transporter families, such as KUP/HAK/KT and KEA transporters and Shaker-like and TPK channels, play dominant roles in plant K+ transport processes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive contemporary overview of our knowledge about these K+ transporter families in angiosperms, with a major focus on the genome-wide identification of K+ transporter families, subcellular localization, spatial expression, function and regulation. We also expanded the genome-wide search for the K+ transporter genes and examined their tissue-specific expression in Camelina sativa, a polyploid oil-seed crop with a potential to adapt to marginal lands for biofuel purposes and contribution to sustainable agriculture. In addition, we present new insights and emphasis on the study of K+ transporters in polyploids in an effort to generate crops with high K+ Utilization Efficiency (KUE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhondup Lhamo
- 1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chao Wang
- 1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qifei Gao
- 1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- 1Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; 2School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
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Chen G, Li Y, Qiao X, Duan W, Jin C, Cheng R, Wang J. Genome-wide survey of Gγ subunit gene family in eight Rosaceae and expression analysis of PbrGGs in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:471. [PMID: 34654373 PMCID: PMC8518290 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterotrimeric G-proteins, composed of Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits, are important signal transmitters, mediating the cellular response to multiple stimuli in animals and plants. The Gγ subunit is an essential component of the G-protein, providing appropriate functional specificity to the heterotrimer complex and has been well studied in many species. However, the evolutionary history, expression pattern and functional characteristics of Gγ subunits has not been explored in the Rosaceae, representing many important fruit crops. RESULTS In this study, 35 Gγ subunit genes were identified from the eight species belonging to the Rosaceae family. Based on the structural gene characteristics, conserved protein motifs and phylogenetic analysis of the Gγ subunit genes, the genes were classified into three clades. Purifying selection was shown to play an important role in the evolution of Gγ subunit genes, while a recent whole-genome duplication event was the principal force determining the expansion of the Gγ subunit gene family in the subfamily Maloideae. Gγ subunit genes exhibited diverse spatiotemporal expression patterns in Chinese white pear, including fruit, root, ovary and bud, and under abiotic stress conditions, the relative expression of Gγ subunit genes were up-regulated or down-regulated. In addition, seven of the Gγ subunit proteins in pear were located on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm or nucleus. CONCLUSION Overall, this study of the Gγ subunit gene family in eight Rosaceae species provided useful information to better understand the evolution and expression of these genes and facilitated further exploration of their functions in these important crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Chen
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China.
| | - Yang Li
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Weike Duan
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Cong Jin
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Huai'an Key Laboratory for Facility Vegetables, Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region of Jiangsu, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Jizhong Wang
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
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Bai Q, Shen Y, Huang Y. Advances in Mineral Nutrition Transport and Signal Transduction in Rosaceae Fruit Quality and Postharvest Storage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:620018. [PMID: 33692815 PMCID: PMC7937644 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.620018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mineral nutrition, taken up from the soil or foliar sprayed, plays fundamental roles in plant growth and development. Among of at least 14 mineral elements, the macronutrients nitrogen (N), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), and calcium (Ca) and the micronutrient iron (Fe) are essential to Rosaceae fruit yield and quality. Deficiencies in minerals strongly affect metabolism with subsequent impacts on the growth and development of fruit trees. This ultimately affects the yield, nutritional value, and quality of fruit. Especially, the main reason of the postharvest storage loss caused by physiological disorders is the improper proportion of mineral nutrient elements. In recent years, many important mineral transport proteins and their regulatory components are increasingly revealed, which make drastic progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms for mineral nutrition (N, P, K, Ca, and Fe) in various aspects including plant growth, fruit development, quality, nutrition, and postharvest storage. Importantly, many studies have found that mineral nutrition, such as N, P, and Fe, not only affects fruit quality directly but also influences the absorption and the content of other nutrient elements. In this review, we provide insights of the mineral nutrients into their function, transport, signal transduction associated with Rosaceae fruit quality, and postharvest storage at physiological and molecular levels. These studies will contribute to provide theoretical basis to improve fertilizer efficient utilization and fruit industry sustainable development.
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12
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Dreyer I, Sussmilch FC, Fukushima K, Riadi G, Becker D, Schultz J, Hedrich R. How to Grow a Tree: Plant Voltage-Dependent Cation Channels in the Spotlight of Evolution. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:41-52. [PMID: 32868178 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetic analysis can be a powerful tool for generating hypotheses regarding the evolution of physiological processes. Here, we provide an updated view of the evolution of the main cation channels in plant electrical signalling: the Shaker family of voltage-gated potassium channels and the two-pore cation (K+) channel (TPC1) family. Strikingly, the TPC1 family followed the same conservative evolutionary path as one particular subfamily of Shaker channels (Kout) and remained highly invariant after terrestrialisation, suggesting that electrical signalling was, and remains, key to survival on land. We note that phylogenetic analyses can have pitfalls, which may lead to erroneous conclusions. To avoid these in the future, we suggest guidelines for analyses of ion channel evolution in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Dreyer
- Center for Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Frances C Sussmilch
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Kenji Fukushima
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gonzalo Riadi
- Center for Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile
| | - Dirk Becker
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Schultz
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany.
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13
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Jin R, Zhang A, Sun J, Chen X, Liu M, Zhao P, Jiang W, Tang Z. Identification of Shaker K + channel family members in sweetpotato and functional exploration of IbAKT1. Gene 2020; 768:145311. [PMID: 33220344 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The Shaker K+ channel family plays a vital role in potassium absorption and stress resistance in plants. However little information on the genes family is available about sweetpotato. In the present study, eleven sweetpotato Shaker K+ channel genes were identified and classified into five groups based on phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, and gene structure analyses. Based on synteny analysis, four duplicated gene pairs were identified, derived from both ancient and recent duplication, whereas only one resulted from tandem duplication events. Different expression pattern of Shaker K+ channel genes in roots of Xu32 and NZ1 resulted in different K+ deficiency tolerances, suggesting there is different mechanism of K+ uptake in sweetpotato cultivars with different K+-tolerance levels. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the shaker K+ channel genes responded to drought and high salt stresses. Higher K+ influx under normal condition and lower K+ efflux under K+ deficiency stress were observed in IbAKT1 overexpressing transgenic roots than in adventitious roots, which indicated that IbAKT1 may play an important role in the regulation of K+ deficiency tolerance in sweetpotato. This is the first genome-wide analysis of Shaker K+ channel genes and the first functional analysis of IbAKT1 in sweetpotato. Our results provide valuable information on the gene structure, evolution, expression and functions of the Shaker K+ channel gene family in sweetpotato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Xuzhou, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Phylogenomics and Comparative Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Xuzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhonghou Tang
- Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Xuzhou, China.
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Chen G, Wang J, Qiao X, Jin C, Duan W, Sun X, Wu J. Genome-wide survey of sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 in Rosaceae and expression analysis of PbrSnRK2 in response to ABA stress. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:781. [PMID: 33172386 PMCID: PMC7653828 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07201-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The members of the sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) family are specific serine/threonine protein kinases in plants that play important roles in stress signal transduction and adaptation. Because of their positive regulatory roles in response to adverse conditions, the genes encoding thes proteins are considered potential candidates for breeding of plants for disease resistance and genetic improvement. However, there is far less information about this kinase family, and the function of these genes has not been explored in Rosaceae. Results A genome-wide survey and analysis of the genes encoding members of the SnRK2 family were performed in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) and seven other Rosaceae species. A total of 71 SnRK2 genes were identified from the eight Rosaceae species and classified into three subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis and structural characteristics. Purifying selection played a crucial role in the evolution of SnRK2 genes, and whole-genome duplication and dispersed duplication were the primary forces underlying the characteristics of the SnRK2 gene family in Rosaceae. Transcriptome data and qRT-PCR assay results revealed that the distribution of PbrSnRK2s was very extensive, including across the roots, leaves, pollen, styles, and flowers, although most of them were mainly expressed in leaves. In addition, under stress conditions, the transcript levels of some of the genes were upregulated in leaves in response to ABA treatment. Conclusions This study provides useful information and a theoretical introduction for the study of the evolution, expression, and functions of the SnRK2 gene family in plants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07201-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Chen
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China.
| | - Jizhong Wang
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Cong Jin
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Weike Duan
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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