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Stephan A, Suhrmann JH, Skowron MA, Che Y, Poschmann G, Petzsch P, Kresbach C, Wruck W, Pongratanakul P, Adjaye J, Stühler K, Köhrer K, Schüller U, Nettersheim D. Molecular and epigenetic ex vivo profiling of testis cancer-associated fibroblasts and their interaction with germ cell tumor cells and macrophages. Matrix Biol 2024:S0945-053X(24)00077-5. [PMID: 38851302 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Germ cell tumors (GCT) are the most common solid tumors in young men of age 15 - 40. In previous studies, we profiled the interaction of GCT cells with cells of the tumor microenvironment (TM). Earlier studies showed that especially the 3D interaction of fibroblasts (FB) or macrophages with GCT cells influenced the growth behavior and cisplatin response as well as the transcriptome and secretome of the tumor cells, suggesting that the crosstalk of these cells with GCT cells is crucial for tumor progression and therapy outcome. In this study, we shed light on the mechanisms of activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) in the GCT setting and their effects on GCT cells lines and the monocyte cell line THP-1. Ex vivo cultures of GCT-derived CAF were established and characterized molecularly and epigenetically by performing DNA methylation arrays, RNA sequencing, and mass spectrometry-based secretome analysis. We demonstrated that the activation state of CAF is influenced by their former prevailing tumor environment in which they have resided. Hereby, we postulated that seminoma (SE) and embryonal carcinoma (EC) activate CAF, while teratoma (TER) play only a minor role in CAF formation. In turn, CAF influence proliferation and the expression of cisplatin sensitivity-related factors in GCT cells lines as well as polarization of in vitro-induced macrophages by the identified effector molecules IGFBP1, LGALS3BP, LYVE1, and PTX3. Our data suggests that the vital interaction of CAF with GCT cells and with macrophages has a huge influence for shaping the extracellular matrix as well as for recruitment of immune cells to the tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, therapeutically interfering with CAF and / or macrophages in addition to the standard therapy might slow-down progression of GCT and re-shaping of the TM to a tumor-promoting environment. Significance: The interaction of CAF with GCT and macrophages considerably influences the microenvironment. Thus, therapeutically interfering with CAF might slow-down progression of GCT and re-shaping of the microenvironment to a tumor-promoting environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Stephan
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan-Henrik Suhrmann
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margaretha A Skowron
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yue Che
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory (MPL), Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Catena Kresbach
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wasco Wruck
- Institute for Stem cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pailin Pongratanakul
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory (MPL), Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Genomics and Transcriptomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Nettersheim
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Laboratory, Translational UroOncology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Lighthouse Project Germ Cell Tumors.
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Xu Y, Benedikt J, Ye L. Hyaluronic Acid Interacting Molecules Mediated Crosstalk between Cancer Cells and Microenvironment from Primary Tumour to Distant Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1907. [PMID: 38791985 PMCID: PMC11119954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a prominent component of the extracellular matrix, and its interactions with HA-interacting molecules (HAIMs) play a critical role in cancer development and disease progression. This review explores the multifaceted role of HAIMs in the context of cancer, focusing on their influence on disease progression by dissecting relevant cellular and molecular mechanisms in tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment. Cancer progression can be profoundly affected by the interactions between HA and HAIMs. They modulate critical processes such as cell adhesion, migration, invasion, and proliferation. The TME serves as a dynamic platform in which HAIMs contribute to the formation of a unique niche. The resulting changes in HA composition profoundly influence the biophysical properties of the TME. These modifications in the TME, in conjunction with HAIMs, impact angiogenesis, immune cell recruitment, and immune evasion. Therefore, understanding the intricate interplay between HAIMs and HA within the cancer context is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Targeting these interactions offers promising avenues for cancer treatment, as they hold the potential to disrupt critical aspects of disease progression and the TME. Further research in this field is imperative for advancing our knowledge and the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK;
| | | | - Lin Ye
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
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Mobed A, Kohansal F, Dolati S, Hasanzadeh M. A novel portable immuno-device for the recognition of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 biomarker using GQD-AgNPrs conductive ink stabilized on the surface of cellulose. RSC Adv 2023; 13:30925-30936. [PMID: 37876653 PMCID: PMC10591117 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06025j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessel endothelium expresses various lymphatic marker molecules. LYVE-1, the lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan (HA) receptor, a 322-residue protein belonging to the integral membrane glycoproteins which is found on lymph vessel wall and is completely absent from blood vessels. LYVE-1 is very effective in the passage of lymphocytes and tumor cells into the lymphatics. As regards cancer metastasis, in vitro studies indicate LYVE-1 to be involved in tumor cell adhesion. Researches show that, in neoplastic tissue, LYVE-1 is limited to the lymphovascular and could well be proper for studies of tumor lymphangiogenesis. So, the monitoring of LYVE-1 level in human biofluids has provided a valuable approach for research into tumor lymphangiogenesis. For the first time, an innovative paper-based electrochemical immune-platform was developed for recognition of LYVE-1. For this purpose, graphene quantum dots decorated silver nanoparticles nano-ink was synthesized and designed directly by writing pen-on paper technology on the surface of photographic paper. This nano-ink has a great surface area for biomarker immobilization. The prepared paper-based biosensor was so small and cheap and also has high stability and sensitivity. For the first time, biotinylated antibody of biomarker (LYVE-1) was immobilized on the surface of working electrode and utilized for the monitoring of specific antigen by simple immune-assay strategy. The designed biosensor showed two separated linear ranges in the range of 20-320 pg ml-1 and 0.625-10 pg ml-1, with the acceptable limit of detection (LOD) of 0.312 pg ml-1. Additionally, engineered immunosensor revealed excellent selectivity that promises its use in complex biological samples and assistance for biomarker-related disease screening in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mobed
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz 51664 Iran
- Aging Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Iran
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Fereshteh Kohansal
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz 51664 Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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García-Pérez O, Melgar-Vilaplana L, Sifaoui I, García-Bello MÁ, Córdoba-Lanús E, Fernández-de-Misa R. Expression of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic genes in primary cutaneous melanoma: relationship with angiolymphatic invasion and disease-free survival. Melanoma Res 2023; 33:375-387. [PMID: 37307530 PMCID: PMC10470437 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most common cancers in the world. The main routes of tumor progression are related to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. These routes can occur by local invasion, which is called angiolymphatic invasion (ALI). In this study, we assess gene expression of relevant biomarkers of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in 80 FFPE melanoma samples to determine a molecular profile that correlates with ALI, tumor progression, and disease-free survival. The results were enhanced by a posttranscriptional analysis by an immunofluorescence assay. Three SNPs in the VEGFR-2 gene were genotyped in 237 malignant melanoma (MM) blood DNA samples by qPCR. A significant correlation was found for LYVE -1 and ALI, qualitative ( P = 0.017) and quantitative ( P = 0.005). An increased expression of protein LIVE-1 in ALI samples supported these results ( P = 0.032). VEGFR2 was lower in patients who showed disease progression ( P = 0.005) and protein VEGFR2 posttranscriptional expression decreased ( P = 0.016). DFS curves showed differences ( P = 0.023) for VEGFR2 expression detected versus the absence of VEGFR2 expression. No significant influence on DFS was detected for the remaining analyzed genes. Cox regression analysis suggested that VEGFR2 expression has a protective role (HR = 0.728; 95% CI = 0.552-0.962; P = 0.025) on disease progression. No significant association was found between any of the studied SNPs of VEGFR2 and DFS or progression rate. Our main results suggest that LYVE-1 gene expression is closely related to ALI; the relationship with the development of metastases in MM deserves further studies. Low expression of VEGFR2 was associated with disease progression and the expression of VEGFR2 correlates with an increased DFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar García-Pérez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife
- Universidad de La Laguna, Calle Padre Herrera, s/n
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna
| | | | - Ines Sifaoui
- Universidad de La Laguna, Calle Padre Herrera, s/n
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna
| | | | - Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús
- Universidad de La Laguna, Calle Padre Herrera, s/n
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna
| | - Ricardo Fernández-de-Misa
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife
- Universidad de La Laguna, Calle Padre Herrera, s/n
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Li Y, Pan M, Lu T, Yu D, Liu C, Wang Z, Hu G. RAF1 promotes lymphatic metastasis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma via regulating LAGE1: an experimental research. J Transl Med 2022; 20:255. [PMID: 35668458 PMCID: PMC9172115 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lymphatic metastasis was an independent prognostic risk factor for hypopharyngeal carcinoma and was the main cause of treatment failure. The purpose of this study was to screen the differential genes and investigate the mechanism of lymphatic metastasis in hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods Transcriptome sequencing was performed on primary tumors of patients, and differential genes were screened by bioinformatics analysis. The expression of differential genes was verified by qRT-PCR, western-blotting and immunohistochemical, and prognostic value was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier and log-rank test and Cox’s test. Next, FADU and SCC15 cell lines were used to demonstrate the function of differential genes both in vitro by EdU, Flow cytometry, Wound Healing and Transwell assays and in vivo by a foot-pad xenograft mice model. Proteomic sequencing was performed to screen relevant targets. In addition, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to verify the mechanism of lymphatic metastasis. Results Results of transcriptome sequencing showed that RAF1 was a significantly differential gene in lymphatic metastasis and was an independent prognostic risk factor. In vitro experiments suggested that decreased expression of RAF1 could inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells and promote apoptosis. In vivo experiments indicated that RAF1 could promote tumor growth and lymphatic metastasis. Proteomic sequencing and subsequent experiments suggested that LAGE1 could promote development of tumor and lymphatic metastasis, and was regulated by RAF1. Conclusions It suggests that RAF1 can promote lymphatic metastasis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating LAGE1, and provide a basis for the exploring of novel therapeutic target and ultimately provide new guidance for the establishment of intelligent diagnosis and precise treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshi Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhihai Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Guohua Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Chen F, Xie X, Wang L. Research Progress on Intracranial Lymphatic Circulation and Its Involvement in Disorders. Front Neurol 2022; 13:865714. [PMID: 35359624 PMCID: PMC8963982 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.865714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system is an important part of the circulatory system, as an auxiliary system of the vein, which has the functions of immune defense, maintaining the stability of the internal environment, and regulating the pressure of the tissue. It has long been thought that there are no typical lymphatic vessels consisting of endothelial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). In recent years, studies have confirmed the presence of lymphatic vessels lined with endothelial cells in the meninges. The periventricular meninges of the CNS host different populations of immune cells that affect the immune response associated with the CNS, and the continuous drainage of interstitial and cerebrospinal fluid produced in the CNS also proceeds mainly by the lymphatic system. This fluid process mobilizes to a large extent the transfer of antigens produced by the CNS to the meningeal immune cells and subsequently to the peripheral immune system through the lymphatic network, with clinically important implications for infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and tumor immunology. In our review, we discussed recent research advances in intracranial lymphatic circulation and the pathogenesis of its associated diseases, especially the discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels, which has led to new therapeutic targets for the treatment of diseases associated with the intracranial lymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuan Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Molecular mechanisms of cancer metastasis via the lymphatic versus the blood vessels. Clin Exp Metastasis 2021; 39:159-179. [PMID: 34767139 PMCID: PMC8967809 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-021-10120-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the process by which primary cancer cells invade through the lymphatic or blood vessels to distant sites. The molecular mechanisms by which cancer cells spread either through the lymphatic versus blood vessels or both are not well established. Two major developments have helped us to understand the process more clearly. First, the development of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) concept which is well established in melanoma and breast cancer. The SLN is the first lymph node in the draining nodal basin to receive cancer cells. Patients with a negative SLN biopsy show a significantly lower incidence of distant metastasis, suggesting that the SLN may be the major gateway for cancer metastasis in these cancer types. Second, the discovery and characterization of several biomarkers including VEGF-C, LYVE-1, Podoplanin and Prox-1 have opened new vistas in the understanding of the induction of lymphangiogenesis by cancer cells. Cancer cells must complete multiple steps to invade the lymphatic system, some of which may be enabled by the evolution of new traits during cancer progression. Thus, cancer cells may spread initially through the main gateway of the SLN, from which evolving cancer clones can invade the blood vessels to distant sites. Cancer cells may also enter the blood vessels directly, bypassing the SLN to establish distant metastases. Future studies need to pinpoint the molecules that are used by cancer cells at different stages of metastasis via different routes so that specific therapies can be targeted against these molecules, with the goal of stopping or preventing cancer metastasis.
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Froeba-Pohl A, Muehling J, Vill K, Grote V, Komm T, Seitz D, Kappler R, von Schweinitz D. Lymphatic Leakage after Surgery for Neuroblastoma: A Rare Complication? Eur J Pediatr Surg 2021; 31:140-146. [PMID: 31958864 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1701008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in infancy. It is responsible for around 15% of all oncological deaths during childhood. Due to its retroperitoneal location, neuroblastoma is invasively growing directly in and around the lymphatic duct. Consecutively, lymphatic leakage (LL) after surgery for neuroblastoma is a known complication. The purpose of this study is the investigation of frequency and impact of this complication. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between February 2003 and December 2016, 204 patients with neuroblastoma received surgical treatment in our department. A retrospective analysis for macroscopical extent of resection, duration of drainage postsurgery, maximum amount of fluid drained in 24 hours, MYCN amplification status, therapeutic options for LL, follow-up status, and overall survival was performed. RESULTS A total of 40% of patients (82/204) showed LL to some extent. In patients with MYCN amplification, LL was seen significantly more often than in patients without MYCN amplification status (p = 0.019). LL was also significantly correlated with extent of surgery (p = 0.005). Follow-up status and overall survival were significantly inversely associated with LL (p = 0.004 and p = 0.0001). LL was self-limiting in all cases. There was a trend toward shorter duration of LL if either no special therapy was chosen or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was administered (p = 0.0603). CONCLUSION We show that LL in neuroblastoma is a common complication of tumor resection and occurring more often than anticipated. Since, in our study cohort, all cases of LL were self-limiting, we question the indication for invasive therapy besides supporting measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Froeba-Pohl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Munich University Hospital Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munchen, Germany
| | - Jakob Muehling
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Munich University Hospital Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munchen, Germany
| | - Katharina Vill
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Munich University Hospital Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munchen, Germany
| | - Veit Grote
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Munich University Hospital Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munchen, Germany
| | - Tim Komm
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Munich University Hospital Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munchen, Germany
| | - Dorothee Seitz
- Department of Pediatrics, HELIOS Dr Horst Schmidt Hospitals, Wiesbaden, Hessen, Germany
| | - Roland Kappler
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Munich University Hospital Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munchen, Germany
| | - Dietrich von Schweinitz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Munich University Hospital Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munchen, Germany
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9
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Webb ER, Lanati S, Wareham C, Easton A, Dunn SN, Inzhelevskaya T, Sadler FM, James S, Ashton-Key M, Cragg MS, Beers SA, Gray JC. Immune characterization of pre-clinical murine models of neuroblastoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16695. [PMID: 33028899 PMCID: PMC7541480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73695-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy offers a potentially less toxic, more tumor-specific treatment for neuroblastoma than conventional cytotoxic therapies. Accurate and reproducible immune competent preclinical models are key to understanding mechanisms of action, interactions with other therapies and mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy. Here we characterized the tumor and splenic microenvironment of two syngeneic subcutaneous (NXS2 and 9464D), and a spontaneous transgenic (TH-MYCN) murine model of neuroblastoma, comparing histological features and immune infiltrates to previously published data on human neuroblastoma. Histological sections of frozen tissues were stained by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence for immune cell markers and tumor architecture. Tissues were dissociated by enzymatic digestion, stained with panels of antibodies to detect and quantify cancer cells, along with lymphocytic and myeloid infiltration by flow cytometry. Finally, we tested TH-MYCN mice as a feasible model for immunotherapy, using prior treatment with cyclophosphamide to create a therapeutic window of minimal residual disease to favor host immune development. Immune infiltration differed significantly between all the models. TH-MYCN tumors were found to resemble immune infiltration in human tumors more closely than the subcutaneous models, alongside similar GD2 and MHC class I expression. Finally, TH-MYCN transgenic mice were administered cyclophosphamide alone or in combination with an anti-GD2 or anti-4-1BB monoclonal antibody, which resulted in increase in survival in both combination therapies. The TH-MYCN transgenic mouse is a promising in vivo model for testing immunotherapy compounds and combination therapy in a preclinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Webb
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.,Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Silvia Lanati
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Carol Wareham
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Alistair Easton
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.,Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Stuart N Dunn
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Tatyana Inzhelevskaya
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Freja M Sadler
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Sonya James
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Margaret Ashton-Key
- Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Stephen A Beers
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Juliet C Gray
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital (MP127), Tremona Road, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 6YD, UK.
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Mtshali Z, Moodley J, Naicker T. An Insight into the Angiogenic and Lymphatic Interplay in Pre-eclampsia Comorbid with HIV Infection. Curr Hypertens Rep 2020; 22:35. [PMID: 32200445 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-020-01040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide insight on the imbalance of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors in pre-eclampsia, as well as highlight polymorphism in genes related to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS The pregnancy-specific disorder pre-eclampsia is diagnosed by the presence of hypertension with/without proteinuria, after 20 weeks of gestation. The pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia remains ambiguous, but research over the years has identified an imbalance in maternal and foetal factors. Familial predisposition and gene variation are also linked to pre-eclampsia development. The sFlt-1/PIGF ratio has attracted great attention over the years; more recently several researchers have reported that a sFlt-1/PIGF ratio of ≤ 38 can be used to predict short-term absence of pre-eclampsia. This ratio has the potential to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes and reduce healthcare costs significantly. Genome-wide studies have additionally identified variation in the foetal gene near Flt-1. The development of preeclampsia is not limited to the maternal interface, but foetal involvement as well as genetic interplay is associated with the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zamahlabangane Mtshali
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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11
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LCZ696, an Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor, Improves Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis and Cardiac Lymphatic Remodeling in Transverse Aortic Constriction Model Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7256862. [PMID: 32420365 PMCID: PMC7201829 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7256862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy and ventricular remodeling following heart failure are important causes of high mortality in heart disease patients. The cardiac lymphatic system has been associated with limited research, but it plays an important role in the improvement of myocardial edema and the promotion of fluid balance. LCZ696 is a novel combination of angiotensin and neprilysin inhibitors. Here, we studied the role played by LCZ696 during transverse aortic constriction (TAC) induced cardiac hypertrophy and changes in the lymphatic system. Mice undergoing aortic coarctation were constructed to represent a cardiac hypertrophy model and then divided into random groups that either received treatment with LCZ696 (60 mg/kg/d) or no treatment. Cardiac ultrasonography was used to detect cardiac function, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson staining were used to detect myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. The proinflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected in the blood and heart tissues of mice. The protein expression levels of lymphatic-specific markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C), VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3), and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1) were detected in mouse heart tissues. We also examined the colocalization of lymphatic vessels and macrophages by immunofluorescence. The results showed that LCZ696 significantly improved heart dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis and inhibited the expression of proinflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the circulating blood and heart tissues of mice. LCZ696 also decreased the protein expression levels of VEGF-C, VEGFR3, and LYVE-1 in mouse heart tissues, ameliorated the transport load of lymphatic vessels to macrophages, and improved the remodeling of the lymphatic system in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy model induced by TAC.
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12
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Tamura R, Yoshida K, Toda M. Current understanding of lymphatic vessels in the central nervous system. Neurosurg Rev 2019; 43:1055-1064. [PMID: 31209659 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-019-01133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is associated with some pathological conditions such as inflammation, tissue repair, and tumor growth. Recently, a paradigm shift occurred following the discovery of meningeal lymphatic structures in the human central nervous system (CNS); these structures may be a key drainage route for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the peripheral blood and may also contribute to inflammatory reaction and immune surveillance of the CNS. Lymphatic vessels located along the dural sinuses absorb CSF from the adjacent subarachnoid space and brain interstitial fluid via the glymphatic system, which is composed of aquaporin-4 water channels expressed on perivascular astrocytic end-feet membranes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clearly visualized these lymphatic vessels in the human dura mater. The conception of some neurological disorders, such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, has been changed by this paradigm shift. Meningeal lymphatic vessels could be a promising therapeutic target for the prevention of neurological disorders. However, the involvement of meningeal lymphatic vessels in the pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated and is the subject of future investigations. In this article, to understand the involvement of meningeal lymphatic vessels in neurological disorders, we review the differences between lymphangiogenesis in the CNS and in other tissues during both developmental and adulthood stages, and pathological conditions that may be associated with meningeal lymphatic vessels in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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13
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Hara Y, Torii R, Ueda S, Kurimoto E, Ueda E, Okura H, Tatano Y, Yagi H, Ohno Y, Tanaka T, Masuko K, Masuko T. Inhibition of tumor formation and metastasis by a monoclonal antibody against lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3171-3182. [PMID: 30058195 PMCID: PMC6172044 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer metastasis is associated with poor prognosis, the mechanisms of this event, especially via lymphatic vessels, remain unclear. Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE‐1) is expressed on lymphatic vessel endothelium and is considered to be a specific marker of lymphatic vessels, but it is unknown how LYVE‐1 is involved in the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. We produced rat monoclonal antibodies (mAb) recognizing the extracellular domain of mouse LYVE‐1, and investigated the roles of LYVE‐1 in tumor formation and metastasis. The mAb 38M and 64R were selected from hybridoma clones created by cell fusion between spleen cells of rats immunized with RH7777 rat hepatoma cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐fused mouse LYVE‐1 proteins and mouse myeloma cells. Two mAb reacted with RH7777 and HEK293F human embryonic kidney cells expressing GFP‐fused mouse LYVE‐1 proteins in a GFP expression‐dependent manner, and each recognized a distinct epitope. On immunohistology, the 38M mAb specifically stained lymphatic vessels in several mouse tissues. In the wound healing assay, the 64R mAb inhibited cell migration of HEK293F cells expressing LYVE‐1 and mouse lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC), as well as tube formation by LEC. Furthermore, this mAb inhibited primary tumor formation and metastasis to lymph nodes in metastatic MDA‐MB‐231 xenograft models. This shows that LYVE‐1 is involved in primary tumor formation and metastasis, and it may be a promising molecular target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hara
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryota Torii
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shiho Ueda
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Erina Kurimoto
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eri Ueda
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okura
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tatano
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideki Yagi
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ohno
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kazue Masuko
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Masuko
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Cai WY, Chen X, Chen LP, Li Q, Du XJ, Zhou YY. Role of differentially expressed genes and long non-coding RNAs in papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosis, progression, and prognosis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8249-8259. [PMID: 29968931 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the combination of ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) can not discriminate between benign and malignant tumor of thyroid in some cases. The main issue in assessing the patients with thyroid nodules is to distinguish thyroid cancer from benign nodules, and reduce diagnostic surgery. To identify potential molecular biomarkers for patients with indeterminate FNAB, we explored the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) in TCGA database between 318 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues and 35 normal thyroid gland tissues by DESeq R. Furthermore, DEGs were verified by gene expression profile GSE33630. Ten top DEGs and DElncRNAs were identified as candidate biomarkers for diagnosis and Lasso (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) logistic regression analysis were performed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of them. Besides, partial molecular biomarkers of top DEGs and DElncRNAs were closely related to the tumor stage (T), lymph node metastasis (N), metastasis (M) and pathological stage of PTC, which could reflect behavior of tumor progression. According to multivariate Cox analysis, the combination of two DEGs (METTL7B and KCTD16) and two DElncRNAs (LINC02454 and LINC02471) could predict the outcome in a more exact way. In conclusion, top DEGs and DElncRNAs could raise diagnosis of PTC in indeterminate FNAB specimens, and some could function as molecule biomarkers for tumor progression and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yang Cai
- Oncology Department, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Ping Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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15
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Tadeo I, Gamero-Sandemetrio E, Berbegall AP, Gironella M, Ritort F, Cañete A, Bueno G, Navarro S, Noguera R. Lymph microvascularization as a prognostic indicator in neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26157-26170. [PMID: 29899849 PMCID: PMC5995242 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid pediatric cancer and causes approximately 15% of all childhood deaths from cancer. Although lymphatic vasculature is a prerequisite for the maintenance of tissue fluid balance and immunity in the body, little is known about the relationship between lymphatic vascularization and prognosis in neuroblastoma. We used our previously-published custom-designed tool to close open-outline vessels and measure the density, size and shape of all lymphatic vessels and microvascular segments in 332 primary neuroblastoma contained in tissue microarrays. The results were correlated with clinical and biological features of known prognostic value and with risk of progression to establish histological lymphatic vascular patterns associated with unfavorable histology. A high proportion of irregular intermediate lymphatic capillaries and irregular small collector vessels were present in tumors from patients with metastatic stage, undifferentiating neuroblasts and/or classified in the high risk. In addition, a higher lymphatic microvascularization density was found to be predictive of overall survival. Our findings show the crucial role of lymphatic vascularization in metastatic development and maintenance of tumor tissue homeostasis. These patterns may therefore help to indicate more accurate pre-treatment risk stratification and could provide candidate targets for novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Tadeo
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Gamero-Sandemetrio
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana P Berbegall
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gironella
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Ritort
- Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gloria Bueno
- VISILAB, E.T.S.I. Industriales, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Samuel Navarro
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Noguera
- Pathology Department, Medical School, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Li P, Cong Z, Qiang Y, Xiong L, Tang L, Zhang Y, Wu H, Yi J, Jing H, Li D, Shen Y. Clinical significance of CCBE1 expression in lung cancer. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2107-2112. [PMID: 29207117 PMCID: PMC5783450 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is one of the major causes of cancer-associated morbidity and mortality in patients with lung cancer following radical pulmonary carcinoma resection. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression of collagen and calcium-binding epidermal growth factor domain-containing protein 1 (CCBE1) and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE1) in tumor tissue with the clinical prognosis of lung cancer. The present study included 40 patients with lung cancer that underwent pulmonary carcinoma resection, including 10 patients with LNM, and 10 control patients who underwent pulmonary bullae resection. CCBE1 and LYVE1 expression was assessed in samples from normal and tumor tissue using polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. CCBE1 expression appeared to be decreased in lung tumor tissue and further downregulated in samples from patients with LNM, and was revealed to be correlated with poor clinical outcome. Conversely, LYVE1 expression appeared to be upregulated in lung cancer tissue. In conclusion, the present results suggested that CCBE1 and LYVE1 may have potential as biomarkers for the identification of lung cancer patients at a high risk of LNM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Cong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yong Qiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xiong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Hua Jing
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Demin Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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17
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Kong LL, Yang NZ, Shi LH, Zhao GH, Zhou W, Ding Q, Wang MH, Zhang YS. The optimum marker for the detection of lymphatic vessels. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 7:515-520. [PMID: 28855985 PMCID: PMC5574200 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin, lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor-1, prospero-related homeobox-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 have been demonstrated to have crucial roles in the development of the lymphatic system and lymphangiogenesis process by combining with their corresponding receptors. Thus, the four markers have been widely used in labelling lymphatic vessels for the detection of lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel invasion. Numerous authors have aimed to identify the roles of these four markers in the lymphatic system and the mechanisms have been partly clarified at the molecular level. The aim of the present review was to comprehensively clarify the characteristics and latent action modes of the four markers in order to determine which is the best one for the detection of lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Kong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Nian-Zhao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Hui Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Hai Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hai Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Sheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
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18
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Zhang L, Wang D, Li Y, Liu Y, Xie X, Wu Y, Zhou Y, Ren J, Zhang J, Zhu H, Su Z. CCL21/CCR7 Axis Contributed to CD133+ Pancreatic Cancer Stem-Like Cell Metastasis via EMT and Erk/NF-κB Pathway. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158529. [PMID: 27505247 PMCID: PMC4978474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor metastasis is driven by malignant cells and stromal cell components of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be responsible for metastasis by altering the tumor microenvironment. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes contribute to specific stages of the metastatic cascade, promoted by cytokines and chemokines secreted by stromal cell components in the tumor microenvironment. C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) interacts with its ligand, chemokine ligand 21(CCL21), to mediate metastasis in some cancer cells lines. This study investigated the role of CCL21/CCR7 in promoting EMT and metastasis of cluster of differentiation 133+ (CD133+) pancreatic cancer stem-like cells. Methods Panc-1, AsPC-1, and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells were selected because of their aggressive invasive potentials. CCR7 expression levels were examined in total, CD133+ and CD133− cell fractions by Immunofluorescence analysis and real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The role of CCL21/CCR7 in mediating metastasis and survival of CD133+ pancreatic cancer stem-like cells was detected by Transwell assays and flow cytometry, respectively. EMT and lymph node metastasis related markers (E-cadherin, N- cadherin, LYVE-1) were analyzed by western blot. CCR7 expression levels were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining and RT-qPCR in resected tumor tissues, metastatic lymph nodes, normal lymph nodes and adjacent normal tissues from patients with pancreatic carcinoma. Results CCR7 expression was significantly increased in CD133+ pancreatic cancer stem-like cells, resected pancreatic cancer tissues, and metastatic lymph nodes, compared with CD133− cancer cells, adjacent normal tissues and normal lymph nodes, respectively. CCL21/CCR7 promoted metastasis and survival of CD133+ pancreatic cancer stem-like cells and regulated CD133+ pancreatic cancer stem-like cells metastasis by modulating EMT and Erk/NF-κB pathway. Conclusions These results indicate a specific role for CCL21/CCR7 in promoting EMT and metastasis in CD133+ pancreatic cancer stem-like cells. Furthermore the data also indicated the potential importance of developing therapeutic strategies targeting cancer stem-like cells and CCL21/CCR7 for reducing metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
- * E-mail: (DW); (HZ); (ZS)
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Department of Central laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yuepeng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
- * E-mail: (DW); (HZ); (ZS)
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- * E-mail: (DW); (HZ); (ZS)
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19
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Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts reflect the microenvironmental hallmarks of aggressive patient tumours. Cancer Lett 2016; 375:384-389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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20
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Li Y, Zhang Z. Potential microRNA-mediated oncogenic intercellular communication revealed by pan-cancer analysis. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7097. [PMID: 25403569 PMCID: PMC4235308 DOI: 10.1038/srep07097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis consists of oncogenesis and metastasis, and intriguingly microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in both processes. Although aberrant miRNA activities are prevalent in diverse tumor types, the exact mechanisms for how they regulate cancerous processes are not always clear. To this end, we performed a large-scale pan-cancer analysis via a novel probabilistic approach to infer recurrent miRNA-target interactions implicated in 12 cancer types using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We discovered ~20,000 recurrent miRNA regulations, which are enriched for cancer-related miRNAs/genes. Notably, miRNA 200 family (miR-200/141/429) is among the most prominent miRNA regulators, which is known to be involved in metastasis. Importantly, the recurrent miRNA regulatory network is not only enriched for cancer pathways but also for extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and ECM-receptor interactions. The results suggest an intriguing cancer mechanism involving miRNA-mediated cell-to-cell communication, which possibly involves delivery of tumorigenic miRNA messengers to adjacent cells via exosomes. Finally, survival analysis revealed 414 recurrent-prognostic associations, where both gene and miRNA involved in each interaction conferred significant prognostic power in one or more cancer types. Together, our comprehensive pan-cancer analysis provided not only biological insights into metastasis but also brought to bear the clinical relevance of the proposed recurrent miRNA-gene associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- 1] Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada [2] The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Zhaolei Zhang
- 1] Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada [2] The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada [3] Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada [4] Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
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21
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Nunomiya K, Shibata Y, Abe S, Inoue S, Igarashi A, Yamauchi K, Kimura T, Aida Y, Nemoto T, Sato M, Kishi H, Nakano H, Sato K, Kubota I. Relationship between Serum Level of Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial Hyaluronan Receptor-1 and Prognosis in Patients with Lung Cancer. J Cancer 2014; 5:242-7. [PMID: 24665348 PMCID: PMC3963081 DOI: 10.7150/jca.8486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) is a hyaluronic acid receptor that is selectively expressed in the endothelia of lymphatic capillaries. The density of lymphatic vessels expressing LYVE-1 on immunohistochemistry negatively correlates with prognosis of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. However, the relationship between LYVE-1 serum levels and lung cancer staging is unknown. Methods: We collected blood samples from 58 lung cancer patients before treatment and measured LYVE-1 serum levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Mean serum LYVE-1 levels were 1,420 pg/mL. Serum LYVE-1 levels correlated positively with serum albumin levels, but inversely with primary tumor size, leukocyte counts, and platelet counts by Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. A high cancer staging, occurrence of lymph-node metastases, and occurrence of distant metastases were significantly associated with low LYVE-1 levels. Moreover, multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that LYVE-1 levels were predictive of the presence of lymph node and distant metastases, independently of the other factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the survival of patients with serum LYVE-1 ≤1,553 pg/mL was significantly poorer than that of patients with serum LYVE-1 >1,553 pg/mL. This survival difference relative to LYVE-1 levels remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and gender by the Cox proportional-hazard analysis. Conclusion: Serum LYVE-1 is significantly low in lung cancer patients with metastasis, compared with those without. Measuring LYVE-1 levels in lung cancer patients may be useful for evaluating lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Nunomiya
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yoko Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Shuichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Sumito Inoue
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Akira Igarashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yasuko Aida
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Takako Nemoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Masamichi Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakano
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Kento Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Isao Kubota
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology,Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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22
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Kitagawa K, Nakajima G, Kuramochi H, Ariizumi SI, Yamamoto M. Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 is a novel prognostic indicator for human hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2013; 1:1039-1048. [PMID: 24649290 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2013.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important mechanism of tumor development, growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The poor prognosis of HCC patients has been associated with a failure to detect recurrences following surgery. In the present study, we investigated the association between the patient characteristics and the expression of angiogenic genes to identify early biomarkers of HCC. A comprehensive angiogenic gene expression profile was obtained by paired TaqMan gene array analysis of primary HCC nodules and adjacent non-HCC liver tissue from 12 patients. A total of 14 genes were found to be differentially expressed in HCC liver nodules (>2-fold change); the genes encoding collagen type XVα1, IVα1 and IVα2 were upregulated and the genes associated with vessel growth, neuropilin 2 (NRP2) and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) were downregulated. The histopathological analysis revealed that the evolution of HCC nodules from well to poorly differentiated was associated with a 5-fold decrease in LYVE-1 expression, reaching its lowest level early during the transition. The significance of this gene as a biomarker of postoperative survival was demonstrated by a 2-fold decrease in overall survival (OS) rates in the low expression group compared to the high expression group. The multivariate and univariate Cox regression analyses identified LYVE-1 expression as a significant independent prognostic parameter of OS [hazard ratio (HR)=3.067; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.507-6.273; P=0.0021]. Thus, the results of this study suggested that LYVE-1 expression may constitute a novel early biomarker of postoperative survival in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Go Nakajima
- Department of Chemotherapy and Palliative Care, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kuramochi
- Department of Chemotherapy and Palliative Care, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Ariizumi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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23
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Ramani P, Nash R, Radevsky L, Patel A, Luckett M, Rogers C. VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 expression in peripheral neuroblastic tumours. Histopathology 2012; 61:1006-16. [PMID: 22804730 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2012.04307.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS More than 50% of neuroblastomas (NBs) present with haematogenous and/or lymphatic metastasis; however, little is known about the clinicopathological significance in NBs of the key lymphangiogenesis growth factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D and the receptor VEGFR-3. METHODS AND RESULTS Ninety-three NBs and nine ganglioneuromas (GNs) were immunostained for VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3. VEGF-C and VEGF-D were present in 76% and 82% of the NBs, respectively. There was no significant difference in VEGF-C expression between NBs and GNs. VEGF-D expression was significantly higher in NBs compared with GNs and in MYCN-amplified NBs. VEGFR-3 tumoral cell expression (VEGFR-3c), present in 48% of the NBs, was significantly higher in NBs from children ≥ 18 months at presentation and those belonging to a high-risk group. VEGFR-3 lymphovascular density was increased significantly in NBs compared with GNs and in NBs associated with adverse clinicopathological and biological factors. Lymphovascular invasion, assessed in VEGFR-3-stained vessels, was present in ∼50% of NBs. Cox regression analyses demonstrated that VEGFR-3c expression was associated with a significantly shorter event-free survival and that its effect was independent of the important pathological variable, mitosis-karyorrhexis index. CONCLUSIONS VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 up-regulation support tumour progression in NB and VEGFR-3c may provide a useful prognostic marker in NBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramila Ramani
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol, UK.
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