1
|
Matsumiya-Matsumoto Y, Morita Y, Uzawa N. Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Salivary Glands and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144210. [PMID: 35887973 PMCID: PMC9324325 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a localized tumor that presents pleomorphic or mixed characteristics of epithelial origin and is interwoven with mucoid tissue, myxoid tissue, and chondroid masses. The literature reported that PA most often occurs in adults aged 30–60 years and is a female predilection; the exact etiology remains unclear. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the transdifferentiation of stationary epithelial cells primarily activated by a core set of transcription factors (EMT-TFs) involved in DNA repair and offers advantages under various stress conditions. Data have suggested that EMTs represent the basic principle of tissue heterogeneity in PAs, demonstrating the potential of adult epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into mesenchymal cells. It has also been reported that multiple TFs, such as TWIST and SLUG, are involved in EMT in PA and that SLUG could play an essential role in the transition from myoepithelial to mesenchymal cells. Given this background, this review aims to summarize and clarify the involvement of EMT in the development of PA, chondrocyte differentiation, and malignant transformation to contribute to the fundamental elucidation of the mechanisms underlying EMT.
Collapse
|
2
|
Adwani A, Kheur S, Kheur M, Mahajan P. Immunohistochemical expression of podoplanin as a myoepithelial cell marker in pleomorphic adenoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021; 24:579. [PMID: 33967507 PMCID: PMC8083431 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_337_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland tumor with salivary gland excision as the treatment of choice; however, recurrences after parotidectomy have been reported. The current study is aimed at evaluating podoplanin expression in PA as a myoepithelial (ME) cell marker and its role in estimating the prognosis and outcome of the tumors by correlating it with various clinical and histological parameters. Materials and Methods A total of 10 paraffin-embedded specimens of histologically diagnosed PA with clinical records of the patients were retrieved and the slides were then stained using hematoxylin and eosin staining and were then immunohistochemically stained with podoplanin. Results The study revealed the specificity of podoplanin as a differential marker for ME cells. Conclusion Although the study revealed the specificity of podoplanin as a differential marker for ME cells, additional markers to overcome the limitations of podoplanin which will predict the biologic behavior (biologic behavior of the tumor) the tumor with respect to parameters such as age, gender and site of the tumor are required. Furthermore, a larger sample size is required to validate the findings in our data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Adwani
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Supriya Kheur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mohit Kheur
- Department of Prosthodontics, M. A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pratiksha Mahajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Malignant Myoepithelioma of the Parotid Gland in a Rat. J Comp Pathol 2020; 176:162-164. [PMID: 32359631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Myoepitheliomas of the salivary glands have been described in laboratory mice, but not in rats. A 20-week-old Wistar (Han) female rat developed a white to grey firm mass at the left side of the neck. Histologically, the mass was unencapsulated and infiltrated the adjacent tissue. The tumour parenchyma was cell rich without acinar or tubular architecture. The tumour showed a palisading basal cell pattern adjacent to blood vessels. There were areas of necrosis filled with cellular debris. The tumour cells showed strong immunohistochemical labelling for pan-cytokeratin types I and II (AE1/AE3), pan-cytokeratin (cytokeratins 1, 5, 6 and 8), cytokeratin 5, cytokeratin 14, vimentin and podoplanin, and only very slight positivity for cytokeratin 8 in small areas. There was no expression of smooth muscle actin. Based on the histological appearance and the immunohistochemistry, the tumour was diagnosed as a malignant myoepithelioma of the parotid gland originating from the parotid duct.
Collapse
|
4
|
Koutlas IG, Dolan M, Lingen MW, Argyris PP. Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2019; 128:515-529. [PMID: 31400990 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Plasmacytoid cells (PLCs) in salivary pleomorphic adenoma (SPA) are regarded as modified neoplastic myoepithelia and define plasmacytoid myoepithelioma (pMYO). However, histochemically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, PLCs fail to demonstrate frank myogenous properties. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may explain the phenotypes in SPA. Our aim was to evaluate (1) PLCs with accepted or purported myoepithelial and EMT-related markers; and (2) pMYOs for PLAG1 aberrations by using fluorescence in situ hybridization. STUDY DESIGN Eight SPAs with or without PLC-predominance and 3 pMYOs were immunohistochemically studied. RESULTS PLCs in SPA and pMYO exhibited strong, scattered to diffuse positivity for K7, rare K14 positivity and were mostly negative for α-smooth muscle actin, h-caldesmon, and p63/p40. S100 staining was strong and diffuse, whereas calponin was variable. DOG1 was negative. PLCs in pMYO and PLC-rich SPA exhibited selective or diffuse WT1 and D2-40 immunoreactivity. EMT markers SNAIL/SLUG exhibited strong and variable immunoreactivity in PLCs in contrast to weak or absent E-cadherin expression. SOX10 was diffusely and strongly positive. PLAG1 rearrangement was present in 1 pMYO. CONCLUSIONS PLCs mostly fail to express myoepithelial markers; PLCs are neoplastic cells adapting to microenvironmental changes and capable of EMT; and tumors composed solely of PLCs are apparently SPAs depleted of a ductal component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Michelle Dolan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mark W Lingen
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Prokopios P Argyris
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
van der Wal JE, Sgaramella N, Norberg Spaak L, Zborayova K, Nylander K. High podoplanin and low E-cadherin levels correlate with better prognosis in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019; 5:350-355. [PMID: 31452946 PMCID: PMC6704029 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives As tumour spread is a complicating event for malignant salivary gland tumours, we decided to study factors related to cell adhesion and lymph vessel formation in two of the three most common malignant salivary gland tumours, mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), to clarify the clinical relevance and potential usefulness of these factors. We also included a group of polymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC) as this tumour, in common with ACC often shows perineural growth, but in contrast to ACC has an overall good prognosis. Material and methods Eighteen patients with ACC, 15 with MEC, and six with PAC were included. Protein expression of podoplanin and E-cadherin was evaluated as percentage of cells expressing the protein and intensity of expression. Ki-67 expression was included in the study as a marker of proliferative activity. Results Looking at podoplanin, significantly more ACCs were high expressing compared with both MECs (P = .001) and PACs (P = .028). Also when looking at Ki-67 expression, significantly more ACCs were high expressing compared with MECs (P = .003). Significantly better survival was also seen for ACCs with high podoplanin (P = .022) and low E-cadherin expression (P = .021), respectively. Conclusions Our findings show that ACCs express significantly higher levels of podoplanin compared with both MECs and PACs and that high levels are correlated to better survival. Even though the group of PACs analysed was small, these tumours, despite their tendency to perineural spread, which they have in common with ACC, differ from ACCs concerning expression of factors with a known connection to tumour spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Sgaramella
- Department of Medical Biosciences/PathologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | | | | | - Karin Nylander
- Department of Medical Biosciences/PathologyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang XY, Gan RH, Xie J, She L, Zhao Y, Ding LC, Su BH, Zheng DL, Lu YG. The oncogenic effects of HES1 on salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell growth and metastasis. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:436. [PMID: 29665790 PMCID: PMC5904989 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study demonstrated a close relationship between NOTCH signaling pathway and salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). HES1 is a well-known target gene of NOTCH signaling pathway. The purpose of the present study was to further explore the molecular mechanism of HES1 in SACC. Methods Comparative transcriptome analyses by RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) were employed to reveal NOTCH1 downstream gene in SACC cells. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of HES1 in clinical samples. After HES1-siRNA transfected into SACC LM cells, the cell proliferation and cell apoptosis were tested by suitable methods; animal model was established to detect the change of growth ability of tumor. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to evaluate cell metastasis and invasion. Results We found that HES1 was strongly linked to NOTCH signaling pathway in SACC cells. The immunohistochemical results implied the high expression of HES1 in cancerous tissues. The growth of SACC LM cells transfected with HES1-siRNAs was significantly suppressed in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo by inducing cell apoptosis. After HES1 expression was silenced, the SACC LM cell metastasis and invasion ability was suppressed. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that HES1 is a specific downstream gene of NOTCH1 and that it contributes to SACC proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis. Our findings serve as evidence indicating that HES1 may be useful as a clinical target in the treatment of SACC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4350-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Huang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Rui-Huan Gan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Lin She
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lin-Can Ding
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Bo-Hua Su
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Da-Li Zheng
- Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - You-Guang Lu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Key laboratory of stomatology, School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiao Tong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ouyang DQ, Liang LZ, Ke ZF, Zheng GS, Weng DS, Yang WF, Su YX, Liao GQ. Association between high expression of phosphorylated Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin and improved survival in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Head Neck 2017; 39:1145-1154. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dai-qiao Ouyang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Li-zhong Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Zhuhai Guangdong China
| | - Zun-fu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Guang-sen Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - De-sheng Weng
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Wei-fa Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| | - Yu-xiong Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| | - Gui-qing Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tsuneki M, Madri JA. CD44 Influences Fibroblast Behaviors Via Modulation of Cell-Cell and Cell-Matrix Interactions, Affecting Survivin and Hippo Pathways. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:731-43. [PMID: 26248063 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CD44 has been studied in a wide variety of cell types, in a diverse array of cell behaviors and in a diverse range of signaling pathways. We now document a role for CD44 in mediating fibroblast behaviors via regulation of N-cadherin, extracellular matrix expression, Survivin and the Hippo pathway. Here, we report our findings on the roles of CD44 in modulating proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of murine wild-type (WT-FB) and CD44 knockout dermal fibroblasts (CD44KO-FB). As we have documented in microvascular endothelial cells lacking CD44, we found persistent increased proliferation, reduced activation of cleaved caspase 3, increased initial attachment, but decreased strength of cell attachment in high cell density, post confluent CD44KO-FB cultures. Additionally, we found that siRNA knock-down of CD44 mimicked the behaviors of CD44KO-FB, restoring the decreases in N-cadherin, collagen type I, fibronectin, Survivin, nuclear fractions of YAP and phospho-YAP and decreased levels of cleaved caspase 3 to the levels observed in CD44KO-FB. Interestingly, plating CD44KO-FB on collagen type I or fibronectin resulted in significant decreases in secondary proliferation rates compared to plating cells on non-coated dishes, consistent with increased cell adhesion compared to their effects on WT-FB. Lastly, siRNA knockdown of CD44 in WT-FB resulted in increased fibroblast migration compared to WT-FB, albeit at reduced rates compared to CD44KO-FB. These results are consistent with CD44's pivotal role in modulating several diverse behaviors important for adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion during development, growth, repair, maintenance and regression of a wide variety of mesenchymal tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Tsuneki
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joseph A Madri
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Essa AAM, Yamazaki M, Maruyama S, Abé T, Babkair H, Raghib AM, Megahed EMED, Cheng J, Saku T. Tumour-associated macrophages are recruited and differentiated in the neoplastic stroma of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Pathology 2016; 48:219-27. [PMID: 27020496 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To confirm our hypothesis that macrophages recruited to fight against oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) invasion are functionally differentiated within neoplastic stromata, we analysed arrangements of macrophage subtypes and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in their association with blood vasculatures in the neoplastic stroma. Surgical specimens of oral SCC were immunohistochemically examined for macrophage phenotypes (CD68, CD163, and CD204) and stromal environments (perlecan, connexin 43, and CD31). Human monocytes were co-cultured with ZK-1 cells of oral SCC origin in different culture conditions. SCC stromata were divided into two types: fascicular (fibroblast-rich) and reticular (perlecan-rich). Regardless of stromal types, CD68 positive (+)/CD163+/CD204+ macrophages were recruited when blood vessels were abundant. Connexin 43+ fibroblasts were enriched in the fascicular stroma, where blood vessels were depleted. In co-culture experiments, monocytes, in the presence of ZK-1 cells, showed TNF-α(low)/IL-12(low) and IL-10(high)/VEGF(high)/MMP-9(high) with increased expression levels for fibronectin and perlecan. With direct contact with monocytes, SCC cells also expressed CD68 and CD163. SCC stromata were characterised by CD163+/CD204+ tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and connexin 43+ CAFs. TAMs are differentiated from monocytes by the physical contact with oral SCC cells in the perlecan-rich neoplastic stroma, which is also induced by the cross-talk between SCC cells and stromal cells including TAMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdelaziz Mohamed Essa
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Manabu Yamazaki
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maruyama
- Oral Pathology Section, Department of Surgical Pathology, Niigata University Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Abé
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Oral Pathology Section, Department of Surgical Pathology, Niigata University Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hamzah Babkair
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Adel Mohamed Raghib
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Jun Cheng
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Saku
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Oral Pathology Section, Department of Surgical Pathology, Niigata University Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Triantafyllou A, Thompson LDR, Devaney KO, Bell D, Hunt JL, Rinaldo A, Vander Poorten V, Ferlito A. Functional Histology of Salivary Gland Pleomorphic Adenoma: An Appraisal. Head Neck Pathol 2015; 9:387-404. [PMID: 25380577 PMCID: PMC4542802 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-014-0581-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The complex microstructure of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma is examined in relation to function. Events related to secretion of macromolecules and absorption, responses to the altered microenvironment and controversies concerning epithelial-mesenchymal transition versus modified myoepithelial differentiation are explored. Their effects on tumor cell phenotypes and arrangements are emphasized. Heterotopic differentiation and attempts at organogenesis are also considered. The approach allows interpreting microstructure independently of histogenetic perceptions, envisaging the tumor cells as a continuum, endorsing luminal structures as the principal components, and defining pleomorphic adenoma as a benign epithelial tumour characterized by variable epithelial-mesenchymal transition, secretion/differentiation and metaplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asterios Triantafyllou
- />Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- />Cellular Pathology, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Diana Bell
- />Department of Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Jennifer L. Hunt
- />Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR USA
| | | | - Vincent Vander Poorten
- />Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Oncology, University Hospitals KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
- />European Salivary Gland Society, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- />University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Coca-Pelaz A, Rodrigo JP, Bradley PJ, Vander Poorten V, Triantafyllou A, Hunt JL, Strojan P, Rinaldo A, Haigentz M, Takes RP, Mondin V, Teymoortash A, Thompson LDR, Ferlito A. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck--An update. Oral Oncol 2015; 51:652-61. [PMID: 25943783 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an update on the current understanding of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck, including a review of its epidemiology, clinical behavior, pathology, molecular biology, diagnostic workup, treatment and prognosis. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is an uncommon salivary gland tumor that may arise in a wide variety of anatomical sites in the head and neck, often with an advanced stage at diagnosis. The clinical course is characterized by very late recurrences; consequently, clinical follow-up should extend at least >15 years. The optimal treatment is generally considered to be surgery with postoperative radiotherapy to optimize local disease control. Much effort has been invested into understanding the tumor's molecular biological processes, aiming to identify patients at high risk of recurrence, in hopes that they could benefit from other, still unproven treatment modalities such as chemotherapy or biological therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Coca-Pelaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - Patrick J Bradley
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals, Queens Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham, UK; European Salivary Gland Society, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Vander Poorten
- European Salivary Gland Society, Geneva, Switzerland; Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Jennifer L Hunt
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Primož Strojan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Missak Haigentz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Robert P Takes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vanni Mondin
- University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy
| | - Afshin Teymoortash
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lester D R Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Woodland Hills Medical Center, Woodland Hills, CA, USA
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tsuneki M, Madri JA, Saku T. Cell–extracellular matrix interactions in oral tumorigenesis: Roles of podoplanin and CD44 and modulation of Hippo pathway. J Oral Biosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
13
|
Takamine K, Ueda Y, Nakano K, Ochiai T, Sugita Y, Kubo K, Maeda H, Hasegawa H, Kawakami T. Notch as a Possible Cell Differentiation Factor in Pleomorphic Adenomas. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12:759-63. [PMID: 26516303 PMCID: PMC4615235 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of Notch in 30 cases of pleomorphic adenoma was examined by immunohistochemistry. Comparing the results of our study with previous literatures, from the partial CK7 expression and substantial Notch expression in ductal epithelial cells as well as the Notch expression in solid tumor nests, it can be inferred that Notch is involved in cell differentiation. CK13 expression was observed in cells undergoing squamous metaplasia and Notch expression was seen in the nucleus of basal and squamous cells. The intense Notch expression in basal cells and weak expression in squamous cells suggests that Notch is involved in the differentiation from basal to squamous cell. Moreover, the loss of nuclear expression on the inner layer would signify that differentiation is about to end or has been terminated. Notch was expressed in the cytoplasm of cartilage cells and in the cell membrane of mucous cells but not in the nucleus indicating that differentiation has been concluded. Notch involvement is suspected in cell differentiation in areas showing ductal structures and squamous metaplasia. In summary, Notch is involved in cell differentiation of ductal cells in PA. Nuclear expression was shown in tumor cells in solid nests and surrounding structures. Moreover, Notch is expressed by basal cells undergoing squamous metaplasia suggesting the participation of Notch in cell differentiation in PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Takamine
- 1. Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ueda
- 1. Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakano
- 1. Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan ; 2. Department of Oral Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmacuitical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takanaga Ochiai
- 1. Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sugita
- 3. Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Kubo
- 3. Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hatsuhiko Maeda
- 3. Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Hasegawa
- 1. Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kawakami
- 1. Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma of neck: A rare case report with review of literature. JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoms.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
15
|
Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Gland 14 Years After En Bloc Resection of a Pleomorphic Lacrimal Gland Adenoma. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2014; 32:e42-4. [PMID: 25025382 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen years after en bloc resection of an orbital pleomorphic adenoma, a 61-year-old female patient developed progressive left proptosis on the same side. A CT scan revealed a round, well-circumscribed, heterogeneously enhancing mass in the lacrimal fossa of the left orbit without calcification or bone erosion. An MRI scan showed a lesion that was hypointense on T1-weighted images and heterogeneously isointense on T2-weighted images. The tumor was completely resected through combined anterior and lateral orbitotomy. On histopathology, the specimen was identified as epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma. After surgery, the patient received adjuvant therapy with irradiation of the orbit. At a 36-month follow-up evaluation, the patient remained tumor-free. Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, a very uncommon tumor of the orbit, apparently behaves like a low-grade malignancy and is associated with good survival rates. However, a good prognosis for survival is tentative at best, in part because of the rarity of the lesion.
Collapse
|
16
|
Essa AAM, Yamazaki M, Maruyama S, Abé T, Babkair H, Cheng J, Saku T. Keratin pearl degradation in oral squamous cell carcinoma: reciprocal roles of neutrophils and macrophages. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 43:778-84. [PMID: 24931829 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have reported that neutrophilic infiltration was associated with round-shaped dyskeratosis foci, a kind of keratin pearl, of oral carcinoma in situ and that those inflammatory cells are recruited from intra-epithelially entrapped blood vessels. Based on these lines of evidence, we have formulated a hypothesis that keratin pearls are terminally degraded by neutrophils. To confirm this hypothesis, we investigated immunohistochemically stepwise degradation of keratin pearls in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to clarify any other type scavenger cells in addition to neutrophils are involved in this particular degradation process. METHODS Neutrophils (neutrophil elastase) and macrophage subpopulations (CD68, CD163 and CD204) were immunohistochemically localized in 30 cases of oral SCC with typical round-shaped keratin pearls. SCC cells were revealed by immunohistochemistry for keratin (K) 17, and blood vessels were demonstrated by CD31. RESULTS Keratin pearl degradation process was divided into four steps: (i) intact stage: no macrophage infiltration but minimal neutrophils were found in keratin pearls; (ii) neutrophil recruit stage: no macrophage infiltration but focal neutrophilic infiltration within the pearls; (iii) neutrophil predominant stage: dense neutrophil infiltration with minimal macrophages and segregated keratinized cancer cells strongly positive for K17; and (iv) macrophage predominant stage: dense infiltration of CD68-, CD163 (mononuclear)- and CD204 (multinucleated)-positive macrophages engulfing detached keratinized SCC cells. CONCLUSION Keratin pearl degradation in oral SCC is strictly regulated by two types of scavenger cells: neutrophils, which perform initial tasks, and macrophages, which reciprocally take over from neutrophils the role to finalize the degradation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A M Essa
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan; Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rudzińska M, Gaweł D, Sikorska J, Karpińska KM, Kiedrowski M, Stępień T, Marchlewska M, Czarnocka B. The role of podoplanin in the biology of differentiated thyroid cancers. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96541. [PMID: 24797369 PMCID: PMC4010536 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin (PDPN), a mucin-type transmembrane glycoprotein specific to the lymphatic system is expressed in a variety of human cancers, and is regarded as a factor promoting tumor progression. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the molecular role of PDPN in the biology of thyroid cancer cells. PDPN expression was evaluated in primary thyroid carcinomas and thyroid carcinoma cell lines by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, IF and IHC. To examine the role of podoplanin in determining a cell's malignant potential (cellular migration, invasion, proliferation, adhesion, motility, apoptosis), a thyroid cancer cell line with silenced PDPN expression was used. We observed that PDPN was solely expressed in the cancer cells of 40% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues. Moreover, PDPN mRNA and protein were highly expressed in PTC-derived TPC1 and BcPAP cell lines but were not detected in follicular thyroid cancer derived cell lines. PDPN knock-down significantly decreased cellular invasion, and modestly reduced cell migration, while proliferation and adhesion were not affected. Our results demonstrate that PDPN mediates the invasive properties of cells derived from papillary thyroid carcinomas, suggesting that podoplanin might promote PTC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Gaweł
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Sikorska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila M. Karpińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mirosław Kiedrowski
- Department of Pathology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stępień
- Department of General and Endocrinological Surgery, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Łódź, Poland
| | - Magdalena Marchlewska
- Department of General and Endocrinological Surgery, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Łódź, Poland
| | - Barbara Czarnocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Argyris PP, Gopalakrishnan R, Pambuccian SE, Tosios KI, Koutlas IG. Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of the upper lip with metachronous myoepithelioma of the buccal mucosa. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 117:e441-8. [PMID: 24268388 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Examples of multiple minor salivary gland tumors, synchronous or metachronous, are uncommon. We report a patient who initially presented with polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) and subsequently with myoepithelioma. A 91-year-old white woman presented in 2009 with a 1-cm, firm, nontender, well-circumscribed nodule of the left side of the upper lip extending to the anterior buccal mucosa. Excisional biopsy revealed PLGA. While the margins were positive, further treatment was not recommended due to the patient's age. In 2011, the patient returned with a 1.5-cm, asymptomatic mass of the left buccal vestibule. Excision of the lesion revealed a circumscribed proliferation of epithelioid and plasmacytoid cells arranged in spherical or whorl-like islands and immersed in a mucinous stroma, consistent with myoepithelioma. The PLGA recurred 3 years after initial diagnosis. Excision was again associated with positive margins, and again no further treatment was recommended. A few months later, at a scheduled follow-up appointment, she presented with a painless nodule of the left upper lip, consistent with recurrent PLGA. One month later, the patient died of unrelated causes. We also present a literature review of multiple minor salivary gland tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prokopios P Argyris
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stefan E Pambuccian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Fairview-University Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Konstantinos I Tosios
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tsuneki M, Maruyama S, Yamazaki M, Xu B, Essa A, Abé T, Babkair H, Cheng J, Yamamoto T, Saku T. Extracellular heat shock protein A9 is a novel interaction partner of podoplanin in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 434:124-30. [PMID: 23541579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we have shown several lines of evidence that podoplanin (PDPN) plays an important role in cell adhesion via its association with extracellular components in neoplastic conditions, though there has been no trial to search for PDPN-interaction molecules in the extracellular milieu. To screen for those molecules, we performed proteomics-based analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry followed by co-immunoprecipitation for PDPN in ZK-1, an oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell system whose cell membrane molecules were cross-linked with each other in their extracellular compartments, and we identified heat shock protein (HSP) A9 as one of the extracellular PDPN bound molecules. Effects of transient PDPN knockdown by siRNA in ZK-1 were also comparatively examined for cellular behaviors in terms of HSPA9 expression and secretion. Finally, HSPA9 expression modes were immunohistochemically visualized in oral SCC tissue specimens. HSPA9 was secreted from ZK-1 cells, and the expression and secretion levels of HSPA9 gene and protein were well coordinated with those of PDPN. Immunohistochemically, HSPA9 and PDPN were co-localized in ZK-1 cells and oral SCC foci, especially in the peripheral zone. In conclusion, the results indicate that HSPA9 secreted by oral SCC cells interacts with PDPN on their cell surface in an autocrine manner and regulates their growth and invasiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Tsuneki
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|