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Argyris PP, Lukenda C, Racila EV, Midtling J, Ahmad M, Gopalakrishnan R, Freedman P, Koutlas IG. Intraoral salivary lymphoepithelial carcinoma: clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic characterization of 3 cases indicates elevated programmed death-ligand 1 expression. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:623-631. [PMID: 37770328 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intraoral salivary lymphoepithelial carcinoma (ISLEC) is a rare malignancy with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels that have been greatly understudied. We examined the clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic characteristics, including PD-L1 levels, of 3 cases of ISLEC. STUDY DESIGN We searched the archives of 2 oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratories for specimens diagnosed as ISLEC between 1985 and 2022. We collected patient demographic and clinical data. Immunostaining for AE1/AE3, CK7, CD3, CD20, p16, p53, Ki67, and PD-L1 (SP263), as well as Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBER) in situ hybridization (ISH) were performed. RESULTS All 3 cases affected males aged 42 to 84 years (median = 61y) and involved the floor of the mouth, soft palate/uvula, and tongue. The lesions showed diffuse infiltration by non-keratinizing sheets and islands of undifferentiated carcinoma cells with associated dense lymphoplasmacytic inflammation. Immunohistochemically, all tumors showed AE1/AE3 positivity, selective p53 staining, and negativity for CK7 and p16. Ki67 highlighted 20%-80% of lesional cells. The inflammatory infiltrate comprised a mixed population of T and B lymphocytes. EBER ISH was positive in one case. All ISLECs displayed membranous, focal-to-diffuse, PD-L1 staining with tumor proportion score > 95% in two and 40-50% in the third case. CONCLUSIONS The clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic characteristics of the cases we examined highlight the rarity of ISLEC and indicate overall high PD-L1 levels in this type of malignancy, rendering patients with ISLEC potential candidates for targeted α-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prokopios P Argyris
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Carter Lukenda
- School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Emilian V Racila
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Mansur Ahmad
- Division of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis and Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul Freedman
- Section of Oral Pathology, New York-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Stojanov IJ, Ho D, Huss J, Gopalakrishnan R, Yoest JM, Koutlas IG. An Unusual Gingival (Peripheral) Tumor with Features of Keratoameloblastoma with Cytologic Atypia or Possible Malignant Transformation Exhibiting ARID1A Mutation. Head Neck Pathol 2023; 17:808-814. [PMID: 37195520 PMCID: PMC10514248 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01549-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keratoameloblastoma is a poorly characterized and rarely reported odontogenic neoplasm that can exhibit overlapping histopathologic features with conventional ameloblastoma and keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), with an ambiguous relationship to the so-called solid KCOT. METHODS A peripheral maxillary tumor causing bone saucerization in a 54-year-old male is described and investigated with immunohistochemistry and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). RESULTS Microscopically, the tumor comprised of a predominantly plexiform proliferation of odontogenic epithelium with central keratinization and evidence of surface origin. Peripheral cells exhibited nuclear palisading with variable reverse polarization, while stellate reticulum-like areas were observed internally. A few follicles and a few foci in the lining of cystic spaces revealed increased cellularity with cells exhibiting small but conspicuous nucleoli, focal nuclear hyperchromatism, and a few mitoses mostly seen in the peripheral outer cell layer. Nuclear staining for ki-67 was increased in those areas when compared with the other cystic, follicular, and plexiform areas. These features were interpreted as cytologic atypia suggesting also the possibility of a malignant process. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for CK19 and negative for BRAF VE1, calretinin, and CD56. Ber-Ep4 was only focally positive. By sequencing, an ARID1A c.6527_6538delAG frameshift mutation (VAF: 5.8%), classified as likely oncogenic, and an FBXW7 c.1627 A > G missense mutation (VAF: 8.0%), classified as a variant of uncertain significance, were detected. Two mutations, probably germline (VAF ~ 50%), were recorded for RNF43 and FBXW7. No pathogenic variants were identified in PTCH1, BRAF, NRAS, HRAS, KRAS, FGFR2, or SMO genes. CONCLUSION The significance of an ARID1A variant in keratoameloblastoma is uncertain since this variant has not been reported in ameloblastoma or KCOT, to date. Alternatively, it may characterize malignant transformation in the present case since ARID1A mutations have been encountered in various cancers. Sequencing of additional cases is necessary to determine whether this may represent a recurrent genomic event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan J Stojanov
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dan Ho
- School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joseph Huss
- Associated Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, PA, Maple Grove, MN, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE #16-116B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jennifer M Yoest
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE #16-116B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Dhanalakshmi R, K B, Sinha BB, Gopalakrishnan R. Tomato leaf disease identification by modified inception based sequential convolution neural networks. The Imaging Science Journal 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/13682199.2023.2183318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Dhanalakshmi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Tiruchirappalli, Sethurapatti, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balakrishnan K
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Tiruchirappalli, Sethurapatti, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bam Bahadur Sinha
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - R. Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, India
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Argyris PP, Naumann J, Jarvis MC, Wilkinson PE, Ho DP, Islam MN, Bhattacharyya I, Gopalakrishnan R, Li F, Koutlas IG, Giubellino A, Harris RS. Primary mucosal melanomas of the head and neck are characterised by overexpression of the DNA mutating enzyme APOBEC3B. Histopathology 2023; 82:608-621. [PMID: 36416305 PMCID: PMC10107945 DOI: 10.1111/his.14843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Primary head/neck mucosal melanomas (MMs) are rare and exhibit aggressive biologic behaviour and elevated mutational loads. The molecular mechanisms responsible for high genomic instability observed in head/neck MMs remain elusive. The DNA cytosine deaminase APOBEC3B (A3B) constitutes a major endogenous source of mutation in human cancer. A3B-related mutations are identified through C-to-T/-G base substitutions in 5'-TCA/T motifs. Herein, we present immunohistochemical and genomic data supportive of a role for A3B in head/neck MMs. METHODS AND RESULTS A3B protein levels were assessed in oral (n = 13) and sinonasal (n = 13) melanomas, and oral melanocytic nevi (n = 13) by immunohistochemistry using a custom rabbit α-A3B mAb (5210-87-13). Heterogeneous, selective-to-diffuse, nuclear only, A3B immunopositivity was observed in 12 of 13 (92.3%) oral melanomas (H-score range = 9-72, median = 40) and 8 of 13 (62%) sinonasal melanomas (H-score range = 1-110, median = 24). Two cases negative for A3B showed prominent cytoplasmic staining consistent with A3G. A3B protein levels were significantly higher in oral and sinonasal MMs than intraoral melanocytic nevi (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0022, respectively), which were A3B-negative (H-score range = 1-8, median = 4). A3B levels, however, did not differ significantly between oral and sinonasal tumours (P > 0.99). NGS performed in 10 sinonasal MMs revealed missense NRAS mutations in 50% of the studied cases and one each KIT and HRAS mutations. Publicly available whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data disclosed that the number of C-to-T mutations and APOBEC3 enrichment score were markedly elevated in head/neck MMs (n = 2). CONCLUSION The above data strongly indicate a possible role for the mutagenic enzyme A3B in head/neck melanomagenesis, but not benign melanocytic neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prokopios P Argyris
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jordan Naumann
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthew C Jarvis
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Peter E Wilkinson
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dan P Ho
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mohammed N Islam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Indraneel Bhattacharyya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Faqian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alessio Giubellino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Reuben S Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Gopalakrishnan R, Kabilan R, Ashokkumar M. Investigations of Mn introduced structural modifications on Ni-doped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductors and improved magnetic and antibacterial properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gopalakrishnan R, Kumar SN, Nithiyanantham S. Evaluating resistance of microsilica and colloidal nanosilica in Indian ordinary Portland cement mortar against combined chloride and sulfate attack. Int Nano Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40089-021-00354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gopalakrishnan R, Kaimal S, Wagner JE, MacMillan ML, Uppgaard RM. SPECTRUM OF ORAL PREMALIGNANT AND MALIGNANT LESIONS IN FANCONI ANEMIA PATIENTS: DIAGNOSTIC AND MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Walker E, Turaga SM, Wang X, Gopalakrishnan R, Shukla S, Basilion JP, Lathia JD. Development of near-infrared imaging agents for detection of junction adhesion molecule-A protein. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101007. [PMID: 33421750 PMCID: PMC7804988 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) monoclonal antibodies (mAb) conjugated with near infra-red fluorescent dye, IR700 – as a JAM-A mAb/IR700 agent was developed. An in vivo JAM-A mAb/IR700-specific near infra-red imaging of human-derived prostate and breast cancer xenograft is presented. A single injection of the agent is diminished number of mitotic cells in cancerous tissue of mice bearing heterotopic tumors. Since, our agent depicts the specific accumulation within the targeted tumors, this agent may be adapted to solid tumor targeted photoimmunotherapy.
Introduction Prostate and breast cancer are the most prevalent primary malignant human tumors globally. Prostatectomy and breast conservative surgery remain the most common definitive treatment option for the >500,000 men and women newly diagnosed with localized prostate and breast cancer each year only in the US. Morphological examination is the mainstay of diagnosis but margin under-sampling of the excised cancer tissue may lead to local recurrence. In despite of the progress of non-invasive optical imaging, there is still a clinical need for targeted optical imaging probes that could rapidly and globally visualize cancerous tissues. Methods Elevated expression of junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) on tumor cells and its multiple pro-tumorigenic activity make the JAM-A a candidate for molecular imaging. Near-infrared imaging probe, which employed anti-JAM-A monoclonal antibody (mAb) phthalocyanine dye IR700 conjugates (JAM-A mAb/IR700), was synthesized and used to identify and visualize heterotopic human prostate and breast tumor mouse xenografts in vivo. Results The intravenously injected JAM-A mAb/IR700 conjugates enabled the non-invasive detection of prostate and breast cancerous tissue by fluorescence imaging. A single dose of JAM-A mAb/IR700 reduced number of mitotic cancer cells in vivo, indicating theranostic ability of this imaging agent. The JAM-A mAb/IR700 conjugates allowed us to image a specific receptor expression in prostate and breast tumors without post-image processing. Conclusion This agent demonstrates promise as a method to image the extent of prostate and breast cancer in vivo and could assist with real-time visualization of extracapsular extension of cancerous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Walker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wearn Building, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - S M Turaga
- Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
| | - X Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wearn Building, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA
| | - R Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Radiology, Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-7207, USA
| | - S Shukla
- Department of Urology at the University of Florida College of Medicine, Faculty Clinic, 653 West 8th Street, FC12, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - J P Basilion
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Wearn Building, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-5056, USA; Department of Radiology, Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-7207, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - J D Lathia
- Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Avenue, NC10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Blixt N, Norton A, Zhang A, Aparicio C, Prasad H, Gopalakrishnan R, Jensen ED, Mansky KC. Loss of myocyte enhancer factor 2 expression in osteoclasts leads to opposing skeletal phenotypes. Bone 2020; 138:115466. [PMID: 32512162 PMCID: PMC7443313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinuclear cells that resorb bone. Osteoclast differentiation is regulated by multiple transcription factors which may be acting in a single or multiple factor complex to regulate gene expression. Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) is a family of transcription factors whose role during osteoclast differentiation has not been well characterized. Because MEF2A and MEF2D are the family members most highly expressed during osteoclast differentiation, we created conditional knockout mice models for MEF2A and/or MEF2D. In vitro cultures of A- and D-KO osteoclasts were smaller and less numerous than wild type cultures, while AD-KO osteoclasts were almost completely devoid of TRAP positive mononuclear cells. Female A-KO mice are osteopetrotic while male A- and D-KO mice of either sex had no significant in vivo skeletal phenotype, suggesting a sex-specific regulation of osteoclasts by MEF2A. Lastly, in vivo male AD-KO mice are osteopenic, indicating while MEF2 is required for M-CSF and RANKL-stimulated osteoclastogenesis in vitro, osteoclasts can form in the absence of MEF2 in vivo via a RANKL-alternative pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Blixt
- Departmment of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA 55455
| | - Andrew Norton
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA 55455
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Department of Restorative Sciences, MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA 55455
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- Department of Restorative Sciences, MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA 55455
| | - Hari Prasad
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA 55455
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA 55455
| | - Eric D. Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA 55455
- Co-corresponding authors : To whom correspondence should be addressed:, Kim Mansky, PhD, Tel.: (612) 626-5582,
| | - Kim C. Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA 55455
- Co-corresponding authors : To whom correspondence should be addressed:, Kim Mansky, PhD, Tel.: (612) 626-5582,
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Bhagwati AM, Singhi S, Ramachandran B, Ramakrishnan N, Gopalakrishnan R, Kamat VN, Nagaraja P, Prayag S, Todi SK, Rajagopalan RE. Guidelines for the Prevention of Infections Associated with the Use of Vascular Catheters in Indian Intensive Care Units. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020. [DOI: 10.5005/ijccm-17-s1-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Choudhary A, Gopalakrishnan R, Senthur Nambi P, Thirunarayan MA, Ramasubramanian V, Sridharan S. Surgical Site Infections Caused by Rapidly Growing Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: an Under-Recognized and Misdiagnosed Entity. Indian J Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-020-02383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Leightner AC, Mello Guimaraes Meyers C, Evans MD, Mansky KC, Gopalakrishnan R, Jensen ED. Regulation of Osteoclast Differentiation at Multiple Stages by Protein Kinase D Family Kinases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031056. [PMID: 32033440 PMCID: PMC7036879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced osteoclast and osteoblast activity is necessary for skeletal health, whereas unbalanced osteoclast activity causes bone loss in many skeletal conditions. A better understanding of pathways that regulate osteoclast differentiation and activity is necessary for the development of new therapies to better manage bone resorption. The roles of Protein Kinase D (PKD) family of serine/threonine kinases in osteoclasts have not been well characterized. In this study we use immunofluorescence analysis to reveal that PKD2 and PKD3, the isoforms expressed in osteoclasts, are found in the nucleus and cytoplasm, the mitotic spindle and midbody, and in association with the actin belt. We show that PKD inhibitors CRT0066101 and CID755673 inhibit several distinct aspects of osteoclast formation. Treating bone marrow macrophages with lower doses of the PKD inhibitors had little effect on M-CSF + RANKL-dependent induction into committed osteoclast precursors, but inhibited their motility and subsequent differentiation into multinucleated mature osteoclasts, whereas higher doses of the PKD inhibitors induced apoptosis of the preosteoclasts. Treating post-fusion multinucleated osteoclasts with the inhibitors disrupted the osteoclast actin belts and impaired their resorptive activity. In conclusion, these data implicate PKD kinases as positive regulators of osteoclasts, which are essential for multiple distinct processes throughout their formation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. Leightner
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Carina Mello Guimaraes Meyers
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Michael D. Evans
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kim C. Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eric D. Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-612-626-4159
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Wilkinson PE, Merkourea S, Gopalakrishnan R, Argyris PP. Primary Intraosseous Xanthomas of the Jaws: A Series of Six Cases Including an Example with Formation of Apoptosis-Related Hyaline Globules, So-Called "Thanatosomes". Head Neck Pathol 2020; 14:859-868. [PMID: 31916206 PMCID: PMC7669974 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Primary intraosseous xanthomas of the jaws (PIXJ) are rare and predominantly affect the posterior mandible (86%) of normolipemic patients, with a mean age of 30 years and no gender predilection. Clinically, PIXJ exhibit indolent biologic behavior; curettage is considered treatment of choice. Only 36 PIXJ have been reported. Apoptosis-related hyaline globules (HGs), also known as "thanatosomes", have not been previously reported in PIXJ. Cases diagnosed as xanthoma of bone were retrieved. Six cases fulfilling currently accepted criteria were identified and their clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical properties are presented herein. Mean age for PIXJ was 21.8 years (range = 12-33) and F:M ratio = 2:1. All cases presented as well-demarcated, unilocular or multilocular radiolucencies. Microscopically, PIXJ featured sheets of lipid-laden macrophages with eosinophilic or foamy cytoplasm. A secondary fibroblastic population lacking storiform pattern was evident in two cases. Adipocytes (3/6), peripheral neurovascular bundles (1/6), bone fragments (3/6) and dystrophic calcifications (3/6) were observed enclosed by the xanthoma cells. Notably, one case exhibited numerous, spherical, eosinophilic HGs containing apoptotic nuclei. PIXJ were consistently CD68(+) and negative for CD1α and S100. CD45 decorated lymphocytes and the membrane of foamy histiocytes. Xanthoma cells stained for lysozyme and plasma proteins including alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT), IgG and IgA in one probed case. HGs were lysozyme(+), AAT(+), IgG(+), IgA(+), PAS(+) and diastase-resistant, and fuchsinophilic with Masson's trichrome. PIXJ represent infrequent, solitary, mandibular lesions with a predilection for the second and third decade of life. Thanatosomes associated with cell injury and death can be present in PIXJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E. Wilkinson
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Stavroula Merkourea
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Prokopios P. Argyris
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, College of Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA ,grid.17635.360000000419368657Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
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14
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Turan O, Bielecki P, Perera V, Lorkowski M, Covarrubias G, Tong K, Yun A, Rahmy A, Ouyang T, Raghunathan S, Gopalakrishnan R, Griswold MA, Ghaghada KB, Peiris PM, Karathanasis E. Delivery of drugs into brain tumors using multicomponent silica nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2019; 11:11910-11921. [PMID: 31187845 PMCID: PMC7776621 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02876e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas are highly lethal cancers defined by resistance to conventional therapies and rapid recurrence. While new brain tumor cell-specific drugs are continuously becoming available, efficient drug delivery to brain tumors remains a limiting factor. We developed a multicomponent nanoparticle, consisting of an iron oxide core and a mesoporous silica shell that can effectively deliver drugs across the blood-brain barrier into glioma cells. When exposed to alternating low-power radiofrequency (RF) fields, the nanoparticle's mechanical tumbling releases the entrapped drug molecules from the pores of the silica shell. After directing the nanoparticle to target the near-perivascular regions and altered endothelium of the brain tumor via fibronectin-targeting ligands, rapid drug release from the nanoparticles is triggered by RF facilitating wide distribution of drug delivery across the blood-brain tumor interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Turan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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15
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Premkumar TM, Seralathan S, Gopalakrishnan R, Mohan T, Hariram V. Experimental data of the study on H-rotor with semi-elliptic shaped bladed vertical axis wind turbine. Data Brief 2018; 19:1828-1836. [PMID: 30229055 PMCID: PMC6141365 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance and load test data of the proposed H-rotor with semi-elliptical shaped blade vertical axis wind turbine is carried out at the laboratory using 1 m diameter axial fan. India has a long coastline and low-wind velocity ranging from 3 to 10 m/s which is available everywhere in the country irrespective of climatic conditions. The data article is carried out at different aspect ratios along with tilt of the blades and without tilting of the blades. These data sets provide the researchers to further study experimentally as well as numerically in order to enhance the performance of the proposed VAWT. The data presented here are measured at wind velocity ranging from 3 to 6 m/s. The raw data captured using data acquisition system are processed and presented in a form so as to compare it with other typical VAWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Micha Premkumar
- School of Mechanical Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Seralathan
- School of Mechanical Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Gopalakrishnan
- School of Mechanical Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Mohan
- School of Mechanical Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Hariram
- School of Mechanical Sciences, Department of Mechanical Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Tasca A, Astleford K, Blixt NC, Jensen ED, Gopalakrishnan R, Mansky KC. SMAD1/5 signaling in osteoclasts regulates bone formation via coupling factors. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203404. [PMID: 30188920 PMCID: PMC6126839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling occurs via coupling between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. The mechanisms that regulate osteoclast signals to osteoblasts are not well understood. Published studies have reported that BMP signaling in osteoclasts regulate osteoclast coupling targets. To investigate the necessity of canonical BMP signaling on osteoclast differentiation and coupling, we mated Smad1fl/fl; Smad5fl/fl mice to c-Fms-Cre mice. We analyzed male mice at 3 months of age to determine the skeletal phenotype of the Smad1fl/fl; Smad5fl/fl;c-Fms-Cre (SMAD1/5 cKO) mice. There was a 1.2-fold decrease in trabecular BV/TV in SMAD1/5 cKO. Analyses of osteoclast serum markers in SMAD1/5 cKO mice, showed a significant increase in CTX-1 (1.5 fold) and TRAP ELISA (3 fold) compared to control mice. In these same mice, there was a 1.3-fold increase in cortical thickness. Consistent with the increase in cortical thickness, we found a 3-fold increase in osteoblast activity as measured by P1NIP ELISA assay from SMAD1/5 cKO mice. To explain the changes in cortical thickness and P1NP activity, we determined conditioned media from SMAD1/5 cKO osteoclast cultures enhanced mineralization of an osteoblast cell line and coupling factors expressed by osteoclasts that regulate osteoblast activity Wnt1 (4.5-fold increase), Gja1 (3-fold increase) and Sphk1 (1.5-fold increase) were all upregulated in osteoclasts from SMAD1/5 cKO compared to control osteoclasts. Lastly osteoclasts treated with dorsomorphin, a chemical inhibitor of SMAD1/5 signaling, demonstrates an increase in Wnt1 and Gja1 expression similar to the SMAD1/5 cKO mice. Previous studies demonstrated that TGF-β signaling in osteoclasts leads to increases in WNT1 expression by osteoclasts. Therefore, our data suggest that TGF-β and BMP signaling pathways in osteoclasts could act in an antagonistic fashion to regulate osteoblast activity through WNT1 and other coupling factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Tasca
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kristina Astleford
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, Division of Orthodontics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Nicholas C. Blixt
- Departmment of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Eric D. Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kim C. Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, Division of Orthodontics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Esther MJ, Rath PK, Gopalakrishnan R. VanA Mediated Glycopeptide Resistant Enterococcus faecium (GRE) Infection in an Elderly Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease – A Case Report. J Clin Diagn Res 2018. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2018/35671.11614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Blixt NC, Faulkner BK, Astleford K, Lelich R, Schering J, Spencer E, Gopalakrishnan R, Jensen ED, Mansky KC. Class II and IV HDACs function as inhibitors of osteoclast differentiation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185441. [PMID: 28953929 PMCID: PMC5617211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are negative regulators of transcription and have been shown to regulate specific changes in gene expression. In vertebrates, eighteen HDACs have thus far been identified and subdivided into four classes (I-IV). Key roles for several HDACs in bone development and biology have been elucidated through in vitro and in vivo models. By comparison, there is a paucity of data on the roles of individual HDACs in osteoclast formation and function. In this study, we investigated the gene expression patterns and the effects of suppressing individual class II (Hdac4, 5, 6, 9, and 10) and class IV (Hdac11) HDACs during osteoclast differentiation. We demonstrated that HDAC class II and IV members are differentially expressed during osteoclast differentiation. Additionally, individual shRNA-mediated suppression of Hdac4, 5, 9, 10 and 11 expression resulted in increased multinucleated osteoclast size and demineralization activity, with little to no change in the overall number of multinucleated osteoclasts formed compared with control shRNA-treated cells. We also detected increased expression of genes highly expressed in osteoclasts, including c-Fos, Nfatc1, Dc-stamp and Cathepsin K. These observations indicate that HDACs cooperatively regulate shared targets in a non-redundant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C. Blixt
- Departmment of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Bora K. Faulkner
- Departmment of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kristina Astleford
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rosemary Lelich
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jacob Schering
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ekaterina Spencer
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Eric D. Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EDJ); (KCM)
| | - Kim C. Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EDJ); (KCM)
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19
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Argyris PP, Gopalakrishnan R, Hu Y, Reichenberger EJ, Koutlas IG. Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characteristics of Familial Cherubism with Associated Odontogenic Tumorous Proliferations. Head Neck Pathol 2017; 12:136-144. [PMID: 28721660 PMCID: PMC5873491 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-017-0837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cherubism is a rare autosomal dominant condition affecting the jaws and caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the adapter protein SH3BP2 that maps to chromosome 4p16.3. Cherubism is characterized by symmetrically developing bone lesions in the maxilla and mandible. The lesions have been radiographically and histopathologically well-described. Here, we present a family with cherubism with two of its members featuring odontogenic tumorous proliferations in association with persistent central giant cell lesions (CGCL). Specifically, the proband, a 25-year-old male, developed a radiolucent lesion characterized histologically by central odontogenic fibroma-like proliferation in association with a CGCL component, while his mother, at age 57, was diagnosed with primary intraosseous odontogenic carcinoma with areas of benign fibro-osseous lesions. In both patients the lesions occurred in the anterior mandible and presented with clinical enlargement. The son underwent incisional biopsy and did not have additional treatment. His mother underwent extensive mandibulectomy due to widespread tumor. The son has two affected children with classic cherubism while a third child at age 5, had not shown any features of the disease. Mutation analysis of three affected members resulted in the identification of a heterozygous mutation in SH3BP2 (c.1244G>C; p.Arg415Pro). To the best of our knowledge, association of cherubism with odontogenic neoplastic lesions has hitherto not been reported in the literature, thus suggesting a relationship between cherubism with disturbed odontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prokopios P Argyris
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ernst J Reichenberger
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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20
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Perera VS, Covarrubias G, Lorkowski M, Atukorale P, Rao A, Raghunathan S, Gopalakrishnan R, Erokwu BO, Liu Y, Dixit D, Brady-Kalnay SM, Wilson D, Flask C, Rich J, Peiris PM, Karathanasis E. One-pot synthesis of nanochain particles for targeting brain tumors. Nanoscale 2017; 9:9659-9667. [PMID: 28675230 PMCID: PMC5557407 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02370g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To synthesize multi-component nanochains, we developed a simple 'one-pot' synthesis, which exhibited high yield and consistency. The nanochains particles consist of parent nanospheres chemically linked into a higher-order, chain-like assembly. The one-pot synthesis is based on the addition of two types of parent nanospheres in terms of their surface chemical functionality (e.g., decorated with PEG-NH2 or PEG-COOH). By reacting the two types of parent nanospheres at a specific ratio (∼2 : 1) for a short period of time (∼30 min) under rigorous stirring, nanochains were formed. For example, we show the synthesis of iron oxide nanochains with lengths of about 125 nm consisting of 3-5 constituting nanospheres. The chain-like shaped nanoparticle possessed a unique ability to target and rapidly deposit on the endothelium of glioma sites via vascular targeting. To target and image invasive brain tumors, we used iron oxide nanochains with the targeting ligand being the fibronectin-targeting peptide CREKA. Overexpression of fibronectin is strongly associated with the perivascular regions of glioblastoma multiforme and plays a critical role in migrating and invasive glioma cells. In mice with invasive glioma tumors, 3.7% of the injected CREKA-targeted nanochains was found in gliomas within 1 h. Notably, the intratumoral deposition of the nanochain was ∼2.6-fold higher than its spherical variant. Using MR imaging, the precise targeting of nanochains to gliomas provided images with the exact topology of the disease including their margin of infiltrating edges and distant invasive sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Perera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 1900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, 44139 Ohio, USA.
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21
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Liu K, Kurien BT, Zimmerman SL, Kaufman KM, Taft DH, Kottyan LC, Lazaro S, Weaver CA, Ice JA, Adler AJ, Chodosh J, Radfar L, Rasmussen A, Stone DU, Lewis DM, Li S, Koelsch KA, Igoe A, Talsania M, Kumar J, Maier-Moore JS, Harris VM, Gopalakrishnan R, Jonsson R, Lessard JA, Lu X, Gottenberg JE, Anaya JM, Cunninghame-Graham DS, Huang AJW, Brennan MT, Hughes P, Illei GG, Miceli-Richard C, Keystone EC, Bykerk VP, Hirschfield G, Xie G, Ng WF, Nordmark G, Eriksson P, Omdal R, Rhodus NL, Rischmueller M, Rohrer M, Segal BM, Vyse TJ, Wahren-Herlenius M, Witte T, Pons-Estel B, Alarcon-Riquelme ME, Guthridge JM, James JA, Lessard CJ, Kelly JA, Thompson SD, Gaffney PM, Montgomery CG, Edberg JC, Kimberly RP, Alarcón GS, Langefeld CL, Gilkeson GS, Kamen DL, Tsao BP, McCune WJ, Salmon JE, Merrill JT, Weisman MH, Wallace DJ, Utset TO, Bottinger EP, Amos CI, Siminovitch KA, Mariette X, Sivils KL, Harley JB, Scofield RH. X Chromosome Dose and Sex Bias in Autoimmune Diseases: Increased Prevalence of 47,XXX in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sjögren's Syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 68:1290-1300. [PMID: 26713507 DOI: 10.1002/art.39560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE More than 80% of autoimmune disease predominantly affects females, but the mechanism for this female bias is poorly understood. We suspected that an X chromosome dose effect accounts for this, and we undertook this study to test our hypothesis that trisomy X (47,XXX; occurring in ∼1 in 1,000 live female births) would be increased in patients with female-predominant diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE], primary Sjögren's syndrome [SS], primary biliary cirrhosis, and rheumatoid arthritis [RA]) compared to patients with diseases without female predominance (sarcoidosis) and compared to controls. METHODS All subjects in this study were female. We identified subjects with 47,XXX using aggregate data from single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays, and, when possible, we confirmed the presence of 47,XXX using fluorescence in situ hybridization or quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We found 47,XXX in 7 of 2,826 SLE patients and in 3 of 1,033 SS patients, but in only 2 of 7,074 controls (odds ratio in the SLE and primary SS groups 8.78 [95% confidence interval 1.67-86.79], P = 0.003 and odds ratio 10.29 [95% confidence interval 1.18-123.47], P = 0.02, respectively). One in 404 women with SLE and 1 in 344 women with SS had 47,XXX. There was an excess of 47,XXX among SLE and SS patients. CONCLUSION The estimated prevalence of SLE and SS in women with 47,XXX was ∼2.5 and ∼2.9 times higher, respectively, than that in women with 46,XX and ∼25 and ∼41 times higher, respectively, than that in men with 46,XY. No statistically significant increase of 47,XXX was observed in other female-biased diseases (primary biliary cirrhosis or RA), supporting the idea of multiple pathways to sex bias in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Biji T Kurien
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sarah L Zimmerman
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth M Kaufman
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Diana H Taft
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Leah C Kottyan
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sara Lazaro
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Carrie A Weaver
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - John A Ice
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Adam J Adler
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lida Radfar
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Astrid Rasmussen
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Donald U Stone
- Dean McGee Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - David M Lewis
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Shibo Li
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kristi A Koelsch
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ann Igoe
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Mitali Talsania
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jay Kumar
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jacen S Maier-Moore
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968
| | - Valerie M Harris
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Roland Jonsson
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway.,Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - James A Lessard
- Valley Bone & Joint Clinic, 3035 DeMers Avenue, Grand Forks, ND 58201, USA
| | - Xianglan Lu
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | | | - Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Deborah S Cunninghame-Graham
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King's College London, London
| | - Andrew J W Huang
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael T Brennan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28232, USA
| | - Pamela Hughes
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gabor G Illei
- Sjögren's Syndrome Clinic, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Corinne Miceli-Richard
- Department of Rheumatology, Université Paris-Sud, AP-HP, INSERM U1012, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Edward C Keystone
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | | | | | - Gang Xie
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum and Toronto General Research Institutes, Departments of Medicine, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto Ontario
| | - Wan-Fai Ng
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine & NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Gunnel Nordmark
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Eriksson
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Roald Omdal
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Nelson L Rhodus
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Maureen Rischmueller
- Rheumatology Department, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia.,Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Michael Rohrer
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Barbara M Segal
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy J Vyse
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease, King's College London, London
| | | | - Torsten Witte
- Clinic for Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Marta E Alarcon-Riquelme
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Center Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Government for Genomics and Oncological Research, PTS Granada, 18016, Spain
| | - Joel M Guthridge
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Judith A James
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Christopher J Lessard
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jennifer A Kelly
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Susan D Thompson
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Patrick M Gaffney
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Courtney G Montgomery
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Edberg
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL
| | - Robert P Kimberly
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL
| | - Graciela S Alarcón
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL
| | - Carl L Langefeld
- Center for Public Health Genomics and Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Gary S Gilkeson
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.,Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Diane L Kamen
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine
| | - W Joseph McCune
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan College of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jane E Salmon
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Joan T Merrill
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Michael H Weisman
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Daniel J Wallace
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Tammy O Utset
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles R. Bronfman Institute for personalized medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Katherine A Siminovitch
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum and Toronto General Research Institutes, Departments of Medicine, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto Ontario
| | - Xavier Mariette
- Rhumatologie, Responsable de l'Unité de Recherche Clinique Hôpitaux Universitaire Paris-Sud Université Paris-Sud, INSERM U1184 Head of Autoimmunity team, IMVA : Immunology of viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases
| | - Kathy L Sivils
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - John B Harley
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - R Hal Scofield
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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22
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Li H, Reksten TR, Ice JA, Kelly JA, Adrianto I, Rasmussen A, Wang S, He B, Grundahl KM, Glenn SB, Miceli-Richard C, Bowman S, Lester S, Eriksson P, Eloranta ML, Brun JG, Gøransson LG, Harboe E, Guthridge JM, Kaufman KM, Kvarnström M, Cunninghame Graham DS, Patel K, Adler AJ, Farris AD, Brennan MT, Chodosh J, Gopalakrishnan R, Weisman MH, Venuturupalli S, Wallace DJ, Hefner KS, Houston GD, Huang AJW, Hughes PJ, Lewis DM, Radfar L, Vista ES, Edgar CE, Rohrer MD, Stone DU, Vyse TJ, Harley JB, Gaffney PM, James JA, Turner S, Alevizos I, Anaya JM, Rhodus NL, Segal BM, Montgomery CG, Scofield RH, Kovats S, Mariette X, Rönnblom L, Witte T, Rischmueller M, Wahren-Herlenius M, Omdal R, Jonsson R, Ng WF, Nordmark G, Lessard CJ, Sivils KL. Identification of a Sjögren's syndrome susceptibility locus at OAS1 that influences isoform switching, protein expression, and responsiveness to type I interferons. PLoS Genet 2017. [PMID: 28640813 PMCID: PMC5501660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a common, autoimmune exocrinopathy distinguished by keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. Patients frequently develop serious complications including lymphoma, pulmonary dysfunction, neuropathy, vasculitis, and debilitating fatigue. Dysregulation of type I interferon (IFN) pathway is a prominent feature of SS and is correlated with increased autoantibody titers and disease severity. To identify genetic determinants of IFN pathway dysregulation in SS, we performed cis-expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analyses focusing on differentially expressed type I IFN-inducible transcripts identified through a transcriptome profiling study. Multiple cis-eQTLs were associated with transcript levels of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) peaking at rs10774671 (PeQTL = 6.05 × 10-14). Association of rs10774671 with SS susceptibility was identified and confirmed through meta-analysis of two independent cohorts (Pmeta = 2.59 × 10-9; odds ratio = 0.75; 95% confidence interval = 0.66-0.86). The risk allele of rs10774671 shifts splicing of OAS1 from production of the p46 isoform to multiple alternative transcripts, including p42, p48, and p44. We found that the isoforms were differentially expressed within each genotype in controls and patients with and without autoantibodies. Furthermore, our results showed that the three alternatively spliced isoforms lacked translational response to type I IFN stimulation. The p48 and p44 isoforms also had impaired protein expression governed by the 3' end of the transcripts. The SS risk allele of rs10774671 has been shown by others to be associated with reduced OAS1 enzymatic activity and ability to clear viral infections, as well as reduced responsiveness to IFN treatment. Our results establish OAS1 as a risk locus for SS and support a potential role for defective viral clearance due to altered IFN response as a genetic pathophysiological basis of this complex autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Tove Ragna Reksten
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - John A. Ice
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Kelly
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Indra Adrianto
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Astrid Rasmussen
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Shaofeng Wang
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Bo He
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Kiely M. Grundahl
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Stuart B. Glenn
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Corinne Miceli-Richard
- Université Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, INSERM U1012, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Simon Bowman
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Lester
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Per Eriksson
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maija-Leena Eloranta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, SciLIfeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan G. Brun
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lasse G. Gøransson
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Erna Harboe
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Joel M. Guthridge
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Kenneth M. Kaufman
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | | | - Ketan Patel
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Developmental and Surgical Science, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, North Memorial Medical Center, Robbinsdale, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Adam J. Adler
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - A. Darise Farris
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Brennan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - James Chodosh
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Michael H. Weisman
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Swamy Venuturupalli
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Wallace
- Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kimberly S. Hefner
- Hefner Eye Care and Optical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Glen D. Houston
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Heartland Pathology Consultants, Edmond, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Andrew J. W. Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Pamela J. Hughes
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Developmental and Surgical Science, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - David M. Lewis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Lida Radfar
- Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Evan S. Vista
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, The Philippines
| | - Contessa E. Edgar
- The Biology Department, Oklahoma Baptist University, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Michael D. Rohrer
- Hard Tissue Research Laboratory, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Donald U. Stone
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Vyse
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John B. Harley
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Patrick M. Gaffney
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Judith A. James
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Sean Turner
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Ilias Alevizos
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Juan-Manuel Anaya
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nelson L. Rhodus
- Department of Oral Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Barbara M. Segal
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Courtney G. Montgomery
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - R. Hal Scofield
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Susan Kovats
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Xavier Mariette
- Université Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, INSERM U1012, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, SciLIfeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Torsten Witte
- Clinic for Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maureen Rischmueller
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Roald Omdal
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Roland Jonsson
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Wan-Fai Ng
- Institute of Cellular Medicine & NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gunnel Nordmark
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, SciLIfeLab, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christopher J. Lessard
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Kathy L. Sivils
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Argyris PP, Wetzel SL, Pambuccian SE, Gopalakrishnan R, Koutlas IG. Response to the Letter Entitled "Archegonous Cystic Odontoma Is Not Necessarily Primordial" by Ide et al. Head Neck Pathol 2016; 10:422-4. [PMID: 26857026 PMCID: PMC4972752 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-015-0679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prokopios P Argyris
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Stephanie L Wetzel
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Stefan E Pambuccian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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24
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Wolska N, Rybakowska P, Rasmussen A, Brown M, Montgomery C, Klopocki A, Grundahl K, Scofield RH, Radfar L, Stone DU, Anaya JM, Ice JA, Lessard CJ, Lewis DM, Rhodus NL, Gopalakrishnan R, Huang AJW, Hughes PJ, Rohrer MD, Weisman MH, Venuturupalli S, Guthridge JM, James JA, Sivils KL, Bagavant H, Deshmukh US. Brief Report: Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Who Are Positive for Autoantibodies to Tripartite Motif-Containing Protein 38 Show Greater Disease Severity. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 68:724-9. [PMID: 26636433 DOI: 10.1002/art.39497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoantibodies reactive with Ro52 (tripartite motif-containing protein 21 [TRIM21]) are detected in 70% of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). TRIM21 belongs to a 34-member C-IV family of TRIM proteins. Although autoantibodies against other TRIM proteins within the C-IV family have been detected in the sera of patients with primary SS, their clinical relevance remains unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the frequency of anti-TRIM38 in patients with primary SS and evaluate its association with various clinical measures of the disease. METHODS Serum samples from patients with primary SS (n = 235) and controls (n = 50) were analyzed for reactivity with in vitro-transcribed and -translated (35) S-methionine-labeled TRIM38 protein. The associations of anti-TRIM38 with various laboratory and clinical measures of primary SS were evaluated. Reactivity of anti-TRIM38 with different structural domains of TRIM38 was analyzed. Affinity-purified anti-TRIM38 antibodies were used to immunoprecipitate TRIM21. RESULTS TRIM38-reactive autoantibodies were detected in the sera of 24 of the 235 patients with primary SS and 2 of the 50 controls. Anti-TRIM38 positivity was significantly associated with the presence of anti-Ro60, anti-Ro52, anti-La, rheumatoid factor, and hypergammaglobulinemia. Clinically, anti-TRIM38 was associated with significantly higher ocular surface staining scores, lower Schirmer's test scores, and minor labial salivary gland biopsy focus scores of ≥3.0. Anti-TRIM38 antibodies mainly recognized the cortactin-binding protein 2 (CortBP-2; amino acids 128-238) and the B30.2/SPRY (amino acids 268-465) domains on TRIM38. Affinity-purified antibodies to TRIM38-CortBP-2 and TRIM38-B30.2/SPRY domains reacted with TRIM21. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that anti-TRIM38 specificity arising in a subset of patients with primary SS is associated with increased severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wolska
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert H Scofield
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, and VAMC, Oklahoma City
| | - Lida Radfar
- University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City
| | - Donald U Stone
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | | | - John A Ice
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City
| | | | - David M Lewis
- University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Judith A James
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
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25
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Gomathi G, Gopalakrishnan R. A hydrazone Schiff base single crystal (E)-Methyl N′-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene) hydrazine carboxylate: Physicochemical, in vitro investigation of antimicrobial activities and molecular docking with DNA gyrase protein. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2016; 64:133-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Pugazhendhi S, Sathya P, Palanisamy P, Gopalakrishnan R. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles through green approach using Dioscorea alata and their characterization on antibacterial activities and optical limiting behavior. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 2016; 159:155-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Huntley R, Davydova J, Petryk A, Billington CJ, Jensen ED, Mansky KC, Gopalakrishnan R. The Function of Twisted Gastrulation in Regulating Osteoclast Differentiation is Dependent on BMP Binding. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2239-46. [PMID: 25808976 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Proper regulation of osteoclast (OCL) function is critical for normal bone homeostasis. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and its regulation have been shown to have direct effects on OCL differentiation and activity. One of the major modulators of BMP signaling in the extracellular space is the secreted protein twisted gastrulation (TWSG1), which can inhibit BMP signaling and OCL differentiation. In this study we examine specific N-terminal regions of TWSG1 protein that have been previously proposed as BMP binding sites to determine whether TWSG1 binding to BMPs is required for its inhibitory effects on OCLs. We demonstrate that overexpression of wild type TWSG1 suppresses osteoclastogenesis, while overexpression of mutant TWSG1 proteins (W66A and N80Q/N146Q mutants), which cannot bind BMPs, leads to increased BMP signaling, enhanced osteoclastogenesis, increased resorptive activity, and expression of OCL-specific genes. Our results show that BMP binding is required for TWSG1-mediated inhibition of OCL formation and function, and validate the critical functional regions within the TWSG1 protein for these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Huntley
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota
| | - Julia Davydova
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota
| | - Anna Petryk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota.,Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota
| | - Charles J Billington
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, 20010
| | - Eric D Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota
| | - Kim C Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota
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28
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Jessani L, Thirunarayan M, Chakrabarti A, Sureshkumar D, Parameswaran A, Gopalakrishnan R. Disseminated phaeohyphomycosis presenting as chromoblastomycosis in an immunocompetent host: A rare manifestation. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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29
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Gopalakrishnan R. Infectious disease pathology in India: Interactive cases. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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30
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Rao P, Gopalakrishnan R, Ramasubramanian V, Nambi S, Sureshkumar D. Clinical spectrum of Aeromonas infections in hospitalized patients. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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31
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Jessani L, Patil S, Annapurneshwari D, Durairajan S, Gopalakrishnan R. Human ocular dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria repens: an underdiagnosed entity or emerging filarial disease? Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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32
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LaRocca CJ, Han J, Salzwedel AO, Davydova J, Herzberg MC, Gopalakrishnan R, Yamamoto M. Oncolytic adenoviruses targeted to Human Papilloma Virus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Oncol 2016; 56:25-31. [PMID: 27086483 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In recent years, the incidence of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) has markedly increased. Our aim was to design a novel therapeutic agent through the use of conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAds) that are targeted to the HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins. METHODS Each adenovirus included small deletion(s) in the E1a region of the genome (Δ24 or CB016) intended to allow for selective replication in HPV-positive cells. In vitro assays were performed to analyze the transduction efficiency of the vectors and the cell viability following viral infection. Then, the UPCI SCC090 cell line (HPV-positive) was used to establish subcutaneous tumors in the flanks of nude mice. The tumors were then treated with either one dose of the virus or four doses (injected every fourth day). RESULTS The transduction analysis with luciferase-expressing viruses demonstrated that the 5/3 fiber modification maximized virus infectivity. In vitro, both viruses (5/3Δ24 and 5/3CB016) demonstrated profound oncolytic effects. The 5/3CB016 virus was more selective for HPV-positive HNSCC cells, whereas the 5/3Δ24 virus killed HNSCC cells regardless of HPV status. In vivo, single injections of both viruses demonstrated anti-tumor effects for only a few days following viral inoculation. However, after four viral injections, there was statistically significant reductions in tumor growth when compared to the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION CRAds targeted to HPV-positive HNSCCs demonstrated excellent in vitro and in vivo therapeutic effects, and they have the potential to be clinically translated as a novel treatment modality for this emerging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joohee Han
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, United States
| | | | - Julia Davydova
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, United States; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, United States
| | - Mark C Herzberg
- Department of Diagnostic & Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, United States
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic & Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, United States
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, United States; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, United States; Institute of Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, United States.
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33
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Sathya P, Pugazhendhi S, Gopalakrishnan R. Self-assembled supramolecular structure of 4-dimethylaminopyridinium p-hydroxy benzoate pentahydrate: synthesis, growth, optical and biological properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00283h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A single crystal of 4-dimethylaminopyridinium p-hydroxybenzoate pentahydrate (DMAPHB) was obtained via a slow evaporation solution growth technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Sathya
- Crystal Research Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai-600025
- India
| | - S. Pugazhendhi
- Crystal Research Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai-600025
- India
| | - R. Gopalakrishnan
- Crystal Research Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai-600025
- India
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Sureshkumar D, Gopalakrishnan R, Jessani L. Congenital rubella syndrome exposure in a pediatric hospital: experience from developing world. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2015. [PMCID: PMC4475197 DOI: 10.1186/2047-2994-4-s1-p260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Thumbigere-Math V, Michalowicz BS, Hughes PJ, Basi DL, Tsai ML, Swenson KK, Rockwell L, Gopalakrishnan R. Serum Markers of Bone Turnover and Angiogenesis in Patients With Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw After Discontinuation of Long-Term Intravenous Bisphosphonate Therapy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 74:738-46. [PMID: 26501428 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze serum markers of bone turnover, angiogenesis, endocrine function, and inflammation in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) who discontinued long-term intravenous bisphosphonate (BP) therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum samples were obtained from 25 BRONJ patients who had discontinued long-term intravenous BP therapy for an average of 11.4 ± 8.7 months and 48 non-BRONJ controls who continued receiving intravenous BP therapy. Samples were analyzed for total alkaline phosphatase, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, C-telopeptide, vascular endothelial growth factor, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and C-reactive protein. RESULTS The mean number of BP infusions was significantly higher in BRONJ patients compared with controls (38.4 ± 26.3 infusions vs 18.8 ± 7.2 infusions, P < .0001); however, the duration of BP therapy was not significantly different between the groups (P = .23). Overall, there were no significant differences in any of the markers between BRONJ patients and controls (all P values ≥ .16). In a subgroup analysis that matched BRONJ patients and controls according to mean age and number of BP infusions (10 BRONJ patients and 48 controls), log10 vascular endothelial growth factor (2.9 ± 0.4 pg/mL vs 2.4 ± 0.4 pg/mL, P < .001) and C-reactive protein (34 ± 26 mg/L vs 13 ± 8 mg/L, P < .01) levels were significantly higher in BRONJ patients compared with controls. Within BRONJ patients, none of the serum markers were correlated with duration of BP discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Levels of bone turnover and endocrine markers in BRONJ patients who discontinue long-term intravenous BP therapy are similar to those in non-BRONJ controls receiving intravenous BP therapy. However, levels of angiogenesis and inflammation markers are higher in BRONJ patients who discontinue long-term intravenous BP therapy. The prolonged skeletal half-life of BPs may suppress bone turnover markers in BRONJ patients for several years after discontinuation of intravenous BP therapy, suggesting an extended effect on bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Thumbigere-Math
- Adjunct Assistant Professor, Division of Periodontology, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Bryan S Michalowicz
- Professor, Division of Periodontology, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Pamela J Hughes
- Associate Professor, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN
| | - David L Basi
- Adjunct Associate Professor, Boynton Health Service, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Michaela L Tsai
- Oncologist, Oncology Research Department, Park Nicollet Institute, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Karen K Swenson
- Oncology Research Director, Oncology Research Department, Park Nicollet Institute, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Laura Rockwell
- Research Nurse Clinician, Oncology Research Department, Park Nicollet Institute, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Professor, Division of Oral Pathology, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN.
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Nagapandiselvi P, Baby C, Gopalakrishnan R. Self-assembled supramolecular structure of 1-methyl piperazinium 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol monohydrate single crystal: Synthesis, growth, thermal and photo physical properties. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 147:270-279. [PMID: 25847789 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new photoactive organic crystal, 1-methyl piperazinium 4-nitrophenolate-4-nitrophenol monohydrate (MP4NPM) has been synthesised at 35 °C. Good quality single crystals of MP4NPM have successfully been grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that MP4NPM belongs to monoclinic crystal system with space group P2₁/n. The molecular structure was further confirmed by modern spectroscopic techniques like FT-NMR (both 1D and 2D), FT-IR, UV-Vis-NIR and fluorescence. The UV-Vis-NIR spectrum was performed to understand the range of optical transparency and the results showed its suitability for nonlinear optical applications. Fluorescence emission revealed that MP4NPM can serve as a photo active material. Thermal properties of MP4NPM were investigated using simultaneous TG-DSC analysis. Frequency and temperature dependent dielectric properties were studied in the frequency range 500 Hz-5 MHz and 40-50 °C, respectively. Vicker's microhardness measurements revealed that MP4NPM belongs to the category of soft material. Kurtz and Perry powder technique shows that MP4NPM has SHG efficiency 0.89 times that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nagapandiselvi
- Crystal Research Lab, Department of Physics, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - C Baby
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - R Gopalakrishnan
- Crystal Research Lab, Department of Physics, Anna University, Chennai, India.
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Gopalakrishnan R, Burgess RC, Plow EB, Floden DP, Machado AG. A magnetoencephalography study of multi-modal processing of pain anticipation in primary sensory cortices. Neuroscience 2015. [PMID: 26210576 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pain anticipation plays a critical role in pain chronification and results in disability due to pain avoidance. It is important to understand how different sensory modalities (auditory, visual or tactile) may influence pain anticipation as different strategies could be applied to mitigate anticipatory phenomena and chronification. In this study, using a countdown paradigm, we evaluated with magnetoencephalography the neural networks associated with pain anticipation elicited by different sensory modalities in normal volunteers. When encountered with well-established cues that signaled pain, visual and somatosensory cortices engaged the pain neuromatrix areas early during the countdown process, whereas the auditory cortex displayed delayed processing. In addition, during pain anticipation, the visual cortex displayed independent processing capabilities after learning the contextual meaning of cues from associative and limbic areas. Interestingly, cross-modal activation was also evident and strong when visual and tactile cues signaled upcoming pain. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and mid-cingulate cortex showed significant activity during pain anticipation regardless of modality. Our results show pain anticipation is processed with great time efficiency by a highly specialized and hierarchical network. The highest degree of higher-order processing is modulated by context (pain) rather than content (modality) and rests within the associative limbic regions, corroborating their intrinsic role in chronification.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gopalakrishnan
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - R C Burgess
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - E B Plow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - D P Floden
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - A G Machado
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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38
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Argyris PP, Wetzel SL, Pambuccian SE, Gopalakrishnan R, Koutlas IG. Primordial Odontogenic Cyst with Induction Phenomenon (Zonal Fibroblastic Hypercellularity) and Dentinoid Material Versus Archegonous Cystic Odontoma: You Choose! Head Neck Pathol 2015; 10:237-44. [PMID: 26156422 PMCID: PMC4838965 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-015-0640-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The most recent A.F.I.P. fascicle defines primordial odontogenic cyst (POC) as a distinct, nonkeratinized, odontogenic cyst of "undetermined origin" forming in the place of a developing normal or supernumerary tooth. However, the majority of examples reported in the literature under this term represent odontogenic keratocysts (keratocystic odontogenic tumors). In addition, there are rare reported cases of cystic odontomas. An 18-year-old Caucasian male presented with a unilocular mandibular radiolucent lesion in the place of a congenitally missing molar. Histologically, it featured nonkeratinizing, thin stratified squamous epithelial lining with areas of spongiosis and foci of vacuolization of individual basal cells without significant nuclear palisading. Focally, budding of the basal cell layer was identified. A zone of increased cellularity featuring induction-type fibroblasts was present subepithelially as well as dentinoid deposits with odontogenic epithelial nests. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial lining was negative for calretinin and the induction-like zone negative for S100 protein, smooth muscle actin, and CD34. The case was externally reviewed by five oral pathologists who provided various diagnostic interpretations including primordial cyst, odontogenic cyst not otherwise specified (NOS), cyst with ameloblastic changes, and unicystic ameloblastoma. At that time, a final diagnosis of odontogenic cyst NOS was rendered with a comment that it may represent a true example of POC or a cystic odontoma. The lesion has not recurred within a 13 year follow-up period after initial excision. An unusual cystic lesion is presented that may represent a true example of POC with dentinoid formation or an archegonous cystic odontoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prokopios P Argyris
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Stephanie L Wetzel
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Stefan E Pambuccian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE 16-206B, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Gopalakrishnan R, Matta H, Tolani B, Triche T, Chaudhary PM. Immunomodulatory drugs target IKZF1-IRF4-MYC axis in primary effusion lymphoma in a cereblon-dependent manner and display synergistic cytotoxicity with BRD4 inhibitors. Oncogene 2015; 35:1797-810. [PMID: 26119939 PMCID: PMC4486341 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma localized predominantly in body cavities. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus is the causative agent of PEL. PEL is an incurable malignancy and has extremely poor prognosis when treated with conventional chemotherapy. Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) lenalidomide and pomalidomide are FDA approved drugs for the treatment of various ailments. IMiDs display pronounced anti-proliferative effect against majority of PEL cell lines within their clinically achievable concentrations, by arresting cells at G0/G1 phase of cell-cycle, and without any induction of KSHV lytic-cycle reactivation. Although microarray examination of PEL cells treated with lenalidomide revealed activation of interferon (IFN) signaling, blocking the IFN pathway did not block the anti-PEL activity of IMiDs. The anti-PEL effects of IMiDs involved cereblon-dependent suppression of IRF4 and rapid degradation of IKZF1, but not IKZF3. Small hairpin-RNA (shRNA) mediated knockdown of MYC enhanced the cytotoxicity of IMiDs. Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins are epigenetic readers which perform a vital role in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. BRD4, a widely expressed transcriptional coactivator, belongs to BET family of proteins, which has been shown to co-occupy the super-enhancers associated with MYC. Specific BRD4 inhibitors were developed which suppress MYC transcriptionally. Lenalidomide displayed synergistic cytotoxicity with several structurally distinct BRD4 inhibitors (JQ-1, IBET151, and PFI-1). Furthermore, combined administration of lenalidomide and BRD4 inhibitor JQ-1 significantly increased the survival of PEL bearing NOD.SCID mice in an orthotopic xenograft model as compared to either agent alone. These results provide compelling evidence for clinical testing of IMiDs alone and in combination with BRD4 inhibitors for PEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gopalakrishnan
- Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - H Matta
- Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B Tolani
- Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T Triche
- Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P M Chaudhary
- Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Stemig M, Astelford K, Emery A, Cho JJ, Allen B, Huang TH, Gopalakrishnan R, Mansky KC, Jensen ED. Deletion of histone deacetylase 7 in osteoclasts decreases bone mass in mice by interactions with MITF. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123843. [PMID: 25875108 PMCID: PMC4398560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular regulators of osteoclast formation and function are an important area of research due to the central role of osteoclasts in bone resorption. Transcription factors such as MITF are essential for osteoclast generation by regulating expression of the genes required for cellular differentiation and resorptive function. We recently reported that histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) binds to and represses the transcriptional activity of MITF in osteoclasts, and that loss of HDAC7 in vitro accelerated osteoclastogenesis. In the current study, we extend this initial observation by showing that conditional deletion of HDAC7 in osteoclasts of mice leads to an in vivo enhancement in osteoclast formation, associated with increased bone resorption and lower bone mass. Expression of multiple MITF target genes is increased in bone marrow derived osteoclast cultures from the HDAC7 knockout mice. Interestingly, multiple regions of the HDAC7 amino-terminus can bind to MITF or exert repressive activity. Moreover, mutation or deletion of the HDAC7 conserved deacetylase catalytic domain had little effect on repressive function. These observations identify HDAC7 in osteoclasts as an important molecular regulator of MITF activity and bone homeostasis, but also highlight a gap in our understanding of exactly how HDAC7 functions as a corepressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Stemig
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kristina Astelford
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ann Emery
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jangyeun J. Cho
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ben Allen
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Tsang-hai Huang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kim C. Mansky
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EDJ); (KCM)
| | - Eric D. Jensen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EDJ); (KCM)
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Argyris PP, McBeain MJT, Rake A, Pambuccian SE, Gopalakrishnan R, Koutlas IG. Recurrent ameloblastoma of the mandible with unusual granular cell component. Int J Surg Pathol 2015; 23:298-304. [PMID: 25673632 DOI: 10.1177/1066896915570660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ameloblastomas can present in various clinical and histomorphologic patterns. The granular cell variant accounts for only 3.5% to 5% of ameloblastomas. The aim of this case report is to present an example of ameloblastoma with unusual granular cell component, affecting a 63-year-old woman, in which both the inner and peripheral layers of follicles composed exclusively by eosinophilic granular cells. Assessment of the immunohistochemical and histochemical profile of the lesion was performed and the challenges of such a diagnosis were also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angela Rake
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Gopalakrishnan R, Azhagiya Singam ER, Vijaya Sundar J, Subramanian V. Interaction of collagen like peptides with gold nanosurfaces: a molecular dynamics investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:5172-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04969a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an attempt has been made to understand the interaction between collagen like peptides (CPs) with a gold nanosurface (AuNS) using a classical molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Gopalakrishnan
- Chemical laboratory
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - E. R. Azhagiya Singam
- Chemical laboratory
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - J. Vijaya Sundar
- Chemical laboratory
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
| | - V. Subramanian
- Chemical laboratory
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Central Leather Research Institute
- Chennai-600020
- India
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Ramkumar V, Anandhi S, Kannan P, Gopalakrishnan R. Substitution effect on chalcone based materials for corrosion and photocrosslinking applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10884a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxy (–OH) and benzyloxy (–OCH2Ph) substituted chalcone based crystalline materials were synthesized and characterized; these materials exhibited high corrosion inhibitor efficiency and enhanced photo-crosslinking applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Ramkumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Anna University
- Chennai-25
- India
| | - S. Anandhi
- Department of Physics
- Maamallan Institute of Technology
- Chennai
- India
| | - P. Kannan
- Department of Chemistry
- Anna University
- Chennai-25
- India
| | - R. Gopalakrishnan
- Crystal Research Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai-25
- India
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Nirmal Kumar V, Suryakarthick R, Karuppusamy S, Gupta M, Hayakawa Y, Gopalakrishnan R. Effect of precursor concentration on the properties and tuning of conductivity between p-type and n-type Cu1−XCdXS2 thin films deposited by a single step solution process as a novel material for photovoltaic applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12565g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu1−XCdXS2 thin films were deposited from precursor solutions having different concentrations of cation sources, by a single step solution process at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Nirmal Kumar
- Crystal Research Lab
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai
- India
| | - R. Suryakarthick
- Crystal Research Lab
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai
- India
| | - S. Karuppusamy
- Crystal Research Lab
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai
- India
| | - Mukul Gupta
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research
- Indore
- India
| | - Y. Hayakawa
- Research Institute of Electronics
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Shizuoka University
- Hamamatsu
- Japan
| | - R. Gopalakrishnan
- Crystal Research Lab
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai
- India
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Gomathi G, Srinivasan T, Velmurugan D, Gopalakrishnan R. A bluish-green emitting organic compound methyl 3-[(E)-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)methylidene]carbazate: spectroscopic, thermal, fluorescence, antimicrobial and molecular docking studies. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04964d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper describes the physicochemical properties and biological activities of a Schiff base compound which was grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Gomathi
- Department of Physics
- Anna University
- Chennai – 25
- India
| | - T. Srinivasan
- Department of Physics
- Vel Tech University
- Chennai-62
- India
| | - D. Velmurugan
- CAS in Crystallography and Biophysics
- University of Madras
- Chennai – 25
- India
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Gopalakrishnan R, Loganathan B, Raghu K. Green synthesis of Au–Ag bimetallic nanocomposites using Silybum marianum seed extract and their application as a catalyst. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03571f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An eco-friendly and non-toxic method for the synthesis of Au–Ag bimetallic nanocomposites has been carried out successfully. Silybum marianum seed extract plays an important role in the reduction and stabilization of the Au–Ag bimetallic nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K. Raghu
- Department of Physics
- Annamalai University
- India
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Billington CJ, Schmidt B, Marcucio RS, Hallgrimsson B, Gopalakrishnan R, Petryk A. Impact of retinoic acid exposure on midfacial shape variation and manifestation of holoprosencephaly in Twsg1 mutant mice. Dis Model Mech 2014; 8:139-46. [PMID: 25468951 PMCID: PMC4314779 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.018275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a developmental anomaly characterized by inadequate or absent midline division of the embryonic forebrain and midline facial defects. It is believed that interactions between genes and the environment play a role in the widely variable penetrance and expressivity of HPE, although direct investigation of such effects has been limited. The goal of this study was to examine whether mice carrying a mutation in a gene encoding the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist twisted gastrulation (Twsg1), which is associated with a low penetrance of HPE, are sensitized to retinoic acid (RA) teratogenesis. Pregnant Twsg1(+/-) dams were treated by gavage with a low dose of all-trans RA (3.75 mg/kg of body weight). Embryos were analyzed between embryonic day (E)9.5 and E11.5 by microscopy and geometric morphometric analysis by micro-computed tomography. P19 embryonal carcinoma cells were used to examine potential mechanisms mediating the combined effects of increased BMP and retinoid signaling. Although only 7% of wild-type embryos exposed to RA showed overt HPE or neural tube defects (NTDs), 100% of Twsg1(-/-) mutants exposed to RA manifested severe HPE compared to 17% without RA. Remarkably, up to 30% of Twsg1(+/-) mutants also showed HPE (23%) or NTDs (7%). The majority of shape variation among Twsg1(+/-) mutants was associated with narrowing of the midface. In P19 cells, RA induced the expression of Bmp2, acted in concert with BMP2 to increase p53 expression, caspase activation and oxidative stress. This study provides direct evidence for modifying effects of the environment in a genetic mouse model carrying a predisposing mutation for HPE in the Twsg1 gene. Further study of the mechanisms underlying these gene-environment interactions in vivo will contribute to better understanding of the pathogenesis of birth defects and present an opportunity to explore potential preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Billington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Brian Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Ralph S Marcucio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Benedikt Hallgrimsson
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Diagnostic/Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Anna Petryk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
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LaRocca CJ, Oliveira AR, Davydova J, Herzberg M, Gopalakrishnan R, Yamamoto M. Multiple Injections of Oncolytic Adenoviruses Suppressed the Growth of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas in an In Vivo Model. J Am Coll Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.07.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Argyris PP, Koutlas IG, Cooley S, Yohe SL, Bhakta K, Gopalakrishnan R. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma of the oral cavity presenting as gingival mass: report of the histopathologic and molecular characteristics of an unusual case featuring clonal T-cell receptor γ gene rearrangement by polymerase chain reaction. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 118:e198-204. [PMID: 25311166 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare neoplastic process constituting 15% to 20% of peripheral T-cell lymphomas. We report the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of an unusual intraoral manifestation of AITL. A 35-year-old white man with a history of AITL presented with a 2.5-cm, poorly circumscribed, erythematous, exophytic lesion occupying the free and attached buccal gingiva of the right maxillary lateral incisor and canine. Histopathologically, the tumor showed diffuse and intense polymorphic infiltration by small to medium-sized lymphocytes admixed with numerous eosinophils. The neoplastic cells showed strong and diffuse reactivity for CD2, CD3, CD4, CD10, and PD-1 (programmed cell death 1 [PDCD1]). Rare immunopositivity was seen with BCL6 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6) and CXCL13 (chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 13). Neoplastic cells were negative for CD7 and EBER ISH (Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization). CD21 did not show any increased follicular dendritic cell component. Polymerase chain reaction-based assay found monoclonal T-cell receptor γ (TRG) gene rearrangements. Diagnosis of recurrent/residual AITL was rendered. Chemotherapy was administered, with the intraoral tumor resolving completely 3 months later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prokopios P Argyris
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ioannis G Koutlas
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sarah Cooley
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sophia L Yohe
- Division of Hematopathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Keta Bhakta
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rajaram Gopalakrishnan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Thangadurai P, Gopalakrishnan R, Kuruvilla A, Jacob KS, Abraham VJ, Prasad J. Sexual dysfunction among men in secondary care in southern India: Nature, prevalence, clinical features and explanatory models. Natl Med J India 2014; 27:198-201. [PMID: 25668163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual dysfunction, common in general medical practice, is under-recognized and inadequately managed resulting in significant morbidity and reduction in quality of life. We examined the nature, prevalence, clinical features and explanatory models of illness among men with sexual dysfunction in a general healthcare setting. METHODS We recruited 270 consecutive men attending a general health clinic. Participants were evaluated using a structured interview. The International Index of Erectile Function-5, the Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation-5, Short Explanatory Model Interview and the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule were used to assess sexual dysfunction, explanatory models and psychiatric morbidity. RESULTS Premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction were reported by 43.0% and 47.8% of men, respectively. The most common perceived causes were loss of semen due to masturbation and nocturnal emission. Popular treatments were herbal remedies and resources used were traditional healers. The factors associated with erectile dysfunction were diabetes mellitus, financial stress, past history of psychiatric treatment and common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety; those associated with premature ejaculation were common mental disorders, older age and financial debt. Sexual dysfunctions and concerns were under-diagnosed by physicians when compared to the research interview. CONCLUSION There is a need to recognize sexual problems and effectively manage them in general medical settings. The need for sex education in schools and through the mass media, to remove sexual misconceptions, cannot be under-emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Thangadurai
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India- Department of Psychiatry
| | - R Gopalakrishnan
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India- Department of Psychiatry
| | - A Kuruvilla
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India- Department of Psychiatry
| | - K S Jacob
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India- Department of Psychiatry
| | - V J Abraham
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India- Department of Community Health
| | - J Prasad
- Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India- Department of Community Health
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