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Myo Min KK, Ffrench CB, McClure BJ, Ortiz M, Dorward EL, Samuel MS, Ebert LM, Mahoney MG, Bonder CS. Desmoglein-2 as a cancer modulator: friend or foe? Front Oncol 2023; 13:1327478. [PMID: 38188287 PMCID: PMC10766750 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1327478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Desmoglein-2 (DSG2) is a calcium-binding single pass transmembrane glycoprotein and a member of the large cadherin family. Until recently, DSG2 was thought to only function as a cell adhesion protein embedded within desmosome junctions designed to enable cells to better tolerate mechanical stress. However, additional roles for DSG2 outside of desmosomes are continuing to emerge, particularly in cancer. Herein, we review the current literature on DSG2 in cancer and detail its impact on biological functions such as cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, intracellular signaling, extracellular vesicle release and vasculogenic mimicry. An increased understanding of the diverse repertoire of the biological functions of DSG2 holds promise to exploit this cell surface protein as a potential prognostic biomarker and/or target for better patient outcomes. This review explores the canonical and non-canonical functions of DSG2, as well as the context-dependent impacts of DSG2 in the realm of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay K. Myo Min
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Charlie B. Ffrench
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Barbara J. McClure
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Ortiz
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emma L. Dorward
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael S. Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, SA, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lisa M. Ebert
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mỹ G. Mahoney
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Claudine S. Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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2
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Sun C, Wen K, Zhang B, Dong Y, Chen C, Neo SY, Leng B, Gao TT, Wu J. DSC2 suppresses the growth of gastric cancer through the inhibition of nuclear translocation of γ-catenin and PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:6380-6399. [PMID: 37421607 PMCID: PMC10373986 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, gastric cancer (GC) is still a major leading cause of cancer-associated deaths. Downregulated desmocollin2 (DSC2) is considered to be closely related to tumor progression. However, the underlying mechanisms of DSC2 in GC progression require further exploration. METHOD We initially constructed different GC cells based on DSC2 contents, established the mouse tumor xenografts, and subsequently performed clonal formation, MTT, Caspase-3 activity, and sperm DNA fragmentation assays to detect the functions of DSC2 in GC growth. Subsequently, we performed western blot, Co-IP, and immunofluorescence assays to investigate the underlying mechanisms through pretreatment with PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, and its activator, recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1). RESULT DSC2 could significantly inhibit the viability of GC cells at both in vitro and in vivo levels. The underlying mechanism may be that DSC2 binds the γ-catenin to decrease its nuclear level, thereby downregulating the anti-apoptotic factor BCL-2 expression and upregulating the pro-apoptotic factor P53 expression, which adjusts the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote the cancer cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our finding suggests that DSC2 might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancers, most especially GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Kun Wen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Shi-Yong Neo
- Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Bing Leng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Tian-Tian Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
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3
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Nguyen J, Chong TW, Elmi H, Ma J, Madi J, Mamgain A, Melendez E, Messina J, Mongia N, Nambiar S, Ng TJ, Nguyen H, McCullough M, Canfora F, O'Reilly LA, Cirillo N, Paolini R, Celentano A. Role of Hemidesmosomes in Oral Carcinogenesis: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092533. [PMID: 37173998 PMCID: PMC10177336 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancers have limited diagnostic tools to aid clinical management. Current evidence indicates that alterations in hemidesmosomes, the adhesion complexes primarily involved in epithelial attachment to the basement membrane, are correlated to cancer phenotype for multiple cancers. This systematic review aimed to assess the experimental evidence for hemidesmosomal alterations, specifically in relation to oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinomas. METHODS We conducted a systemic review to summarise the available literature on hemidesmosomal components and their role in oral pre-cancer and cancer. Relevant studies were retrieved from a comprehensive search of Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase and Web of Science. RESULTS 26 articles met the inclusion criteria, of which 19 were in vitro studies, 4 in vivo studies, 1 in vitro and in vivo study, and 2 in vitro and cohort studies. Among them, 15 studies discussed individual alpha-6 and/or beta-4 subunits, 12 studies discussed the alpha-6 beta-4 heterodimers, 6 studies discussed the entire hemidesmosome complex, 5 studies discussed bullous pemphigoid-180, 3 studies discussed plectin, 3 studies discussed bullous pemphigoid antigen-1 and 1 study discussed tetraspanin. CONCLUSION Heterogeneity in cell type, experimental models, and methods were observed. Alterations in hemidesmosomal components were shown to contribute to oral pre-cancer and cancer. We conclude that there is sufficient evidence for hemidesmosomes and their components to be potential biomarkers for evaluating oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Nguyen
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Tze Wei Chong
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Hafsa Elmi
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Jiani Ma
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - John Madi
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Asha Mamgain
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Eileen Melendez
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Julian Messina
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Nikhil Mongia
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Sanjana Nambiar
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Tsu Jie Ng
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Michael McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Federica Canfora
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorraine A O'Reilly
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Rita Paolini
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Antonio Celentano
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
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Harris A, Andl T. Precancerous Lesions of the Head and Neck Region and Their Stromal Aberrations: Piecemeal Data. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082192. [PMID: 37190121 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) develop through a series of precancerous stages from a pool of potentially malignant disorders (PMDs). Although we understand the genetic changes that lead to HNSCC, our understanding of the role of the stroma in the progression from precancer to cancer is limited. The stroma is the primary battleground between the forces that prevent and promote cancer growth. Targeting the stroma has yielded promising cancer therapies. However, the stroma at the precancerous stage of HNSCCs is poorly defined, and we may miss opportunities for chemopreventive interventions. PMDs already exhibit many features of the HNSCC stroma, such as inflammation, neovascularization, and immune suppression. Still, they do not induce cancer-associated fibroblasts or destroy the basal lamina, the stroma's initial structure. Our review aims to summarize the current understanding of the transition from precancer to cancer stroma and how this knowledge can reveal opportunities and limitations for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic decisions to benefit patients. We will discuss what may be needed to fulfill the promise of the precancerous stroma as a target to prevent progression to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee Harris
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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5
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COL17A1 facilitates tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 632:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Berndt A, Gaßler N, Franz M. Invasion-Associated Reorganization of Laminin 332 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas: The Role of the Laminin γ2 Chain in Tumor Biology, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194903. [PMID: 36230826 PMCID: PMC9564360 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The destructive growth of carcinomas is associated with crossing the border between the epithelial and the connective tissue parts of an organ. One component of this borderline, the basement membrane, is the heterotrimeric laminin 332, which mediates the adhesion of basal epithelial cells. This protein, in particular its gamma 2 chain, is fundamentally reorganized during tumor cell invasion. Specific deposition patterns of laminin 332 are also present in oral squamous cell carcinomas and have been shown to be of high diagnostic and predictive value. Furthermore, laminin 332 restructuring is associated with important tumor biological processes, e.g., stromal activation, the development of a motile phenotype, and tumor spreading. In this review, current knowledge in the field is summarized and the recommendation to consider laminin 332 as a promising grading and monitoring parameter and as a potential therapeutic target is discussed. Abstract Invasion of the connective tissue by carcinoma cells is accompanied by disintegration and reorganization of the hemidesmosomes, which connect the basement membrane to the basal epithelial cells. In terms of mediating the basement membrane, i.e., basal cell interactions, the heterotrimeric laminin 332 is the most important bridging molecule. Due to this distinct function, laminin 332, especially its gamma 2 chain, came into the focus of cancer research. Specific de novo synthesis and deposition patterns of laminin 332 are evident upon development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Loss from the basement membrane, cytoplasmic accumulation, and extracellular deposition are associated with crucial processes such as stromal activation and immune response, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and tumor cell budding. In networks with components of the tumor microenvironment, altered expression of laminin 332 chains, proteolytic processing, and interaction with integrin receptors seem to promote cancer cell migration. Indeed, reorganization patterns are shown to have a high diagnostic and prognostic value. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on laminin 332 reorganization in OSCCs with special focus on its gamma 2 chain and provide, based on the current literature, evidence on its promising role as a grading and monitoring parameter and as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Berndt
- Section Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3641-939-70-61
| | - Nikolaus Gaßler
- Section Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Marcus Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
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Sun C, Wang L, Du DD, Ji JB, Yang XX, Yu BF, Shang PF, Guo XL. DSC2 Suppresses the Metastasis of Gastric Cancer through Inhibiting the BRD4/Snail Signaling Pathway and the Transcriptional Activity of β-Catenin. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4813571. [PMID: 36120591 PMCID: PMC9473342 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4813571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Downregulated DSC2 involved in the metastasis of cancers. Unfortunately, its role on the development of gastric cancer (GC) and the potential mechanisms remain unclear. Bioinformatics analysis, Western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the DSC2 levels of human GC and normal stomach tissues. The role of DSC2 and the downstream signaling in gastric carcinogenesis were explored by using GC specimens, GC cells with different DSC2 expression, inhibitors, and mouse metastasis models. We found that the level of DSC2 decreased significantly in GC tissues and cells. Recovered DSC2 inhibited the invasion and migration of GC cells both in culture and in xenografts. Mechanistically, DSC2 could not only decrease Snail level and nuclear BRD4 level by forming DSC2/BRD4, but also inhibit nuclear translocation of β-catenin. We concluded that DSC2 inhibited the metastasis of GC, and the underlying mechanisms were closely related to the regulation on nuclear translocation of BRD4 and β-catenin. Our results suggest that DSC2 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Dan-dan Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jian-bo Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiao-xia Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Bing-fang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Peng-fei Shang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiu-Li Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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8
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Dongre HN, Mahadik S, Ahire C, Rane P, Sharma S, Lukmani F, Patil A, Chaukar D, Gupta S, Sawant SS. Diagnostic and prognostic role of protein and ultrastructural alterations at cell-extracellular matrix junctions in neoplastic progression of human oral malignancy. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:476-489. [PMID: 36049041 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2114565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite advancements in technology and increase in favorable outcomes associated with oral cancer, early detection remains the most significant factor in limiting mortality. The current study aimed to develop early diagnostic and prognostic markers for oral tumorigenesis. Protein and ultrastructural alterations at cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion junctions were examined concurrently using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on progressive grade of oral carcinomas (n = 285). The expression of hemidesmosome (HD) proteins-integrin β4, BP180, and laminin-5 increased in hyperplasia as compared to normal, and significantly increased further, as the disease progressed. TEM analysis in parallel tissues revealed a significant decrease in HD number and increase in the length of basal lamina (BL) in hyperplasia. With cancer progression, the severity of ultrastructural alterations increased gradually and significantly. Overexpression of HD proteins, decrease in HD number and increase in BL length significantly correlated with nodal metastasis, local recurrence, and recurrence-free survival of patients. Concurrent use of IHC and TEM can add value to early recognition of neoplastic changes in primary carcinomas of oral cavity. In this regard, altered expression of integrin β4 and laminin-5, loss of HDs, and increased BL length could offer criteria for early diagnosis and prognosis of oral malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Nitin Dongre
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.,The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer biomarkers (CCBio), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Snehal Mahadik
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Chetan Ahire
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Pallavi Rane
- Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Unit, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.,Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Shilpi Sharma
- Oral Surgery, Head and Neck Unit, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Fatima Lukmani
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Asawari Patil
- Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.,Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Devendra Chaukar
- Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.,Oral Surgery, Head and Neck Unit, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.,Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sharada Suhas Sawant
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India.,Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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9
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Yoshizawa K, Kimura Y, Moroi A, Ishii H, Sakurai D, Saitoh M, Oishi N, Kondo T, Toyoura M, Ueki K. Loss of intercellular bridges in the depth of invasion measurement area is a novel negative prognostic factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022; 134:84-92. [PMID: 35595622 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate intercellular bridges in the depth of invasion (DOI) measurement area as prognostic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). STUDY DESIGN The mode of invasion was determined based on the Yamamoto-Kohama classification system by observing the hematoxylin-eosin-stained whole-slide images of specimens obtained from 78 patients with OSCC, and the clinicopathologic features were characterized. The presence of intercellular bridges was analyzed in 46 patients with Yamamoto-Kohama classification grade ≥3 whose DOI was measured by dividing the measurement area into 3 parts: the surface, center, and front of the tumor. RESULTS Univariate analyses identified lymph node metastasis, loss of intercellular bridges in the DOI measurement area, DOI of ≥4500 µm, and pattern of invasion 4C-4D as negative prognostic factors. Multivariate analyses revealed that lymph node metastasis and the loss of intercellular bridges in the entire area were independent factors, with hazard ratios of 9.34 (95% confidence interval, 2.09-42.03; P = .003) and 3.64 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-11.99; P = .045), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Loss of intercellular bridges in the DOI measurement area is a negative prognostic factor for OSCC and may be useful in selecting treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunio Yoshizawa
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Yujiro Kimura
- Graduate Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Akinori Moroi
- Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishii
- Lecturer, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Daiju Sakurai
- Professor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masao Saitoh
- Professor, Center for Medical Education and Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Naoki Oishi
- Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kondo
- Professor, Department of Pathology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toyoura
- Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ueki
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo City, Yamanashi, Japan
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10
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Zhao C, Shi W, Chen M. Long non-coding RNA BBOX1-antisense RNA 1 enhances cell proliferation and migration and suppresses apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma via the miR-3940-3p/laminin subunit gamma 2 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11138-11153. [PMID: 35506252 PMCID: PMC9278455 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2059982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We aimed to demonstrate the effects of lncRNA gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase 1 (BBOX1)-antisense RNA 1 (AS1) in OSCC and its regulatory mechanisms. The levels of BBOX1-AS1, microRNA (miR)-3940-3p, and laminin subunit gamma 2 (LAMC2) in OSCC were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The correlations among BBOX1-AS1, miR-3940-3p, and LAMC2 were validated using luciferase, pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were examined. BBOX1-AS1 and LAMC2 were notably overexpressed in OSCC, while miR-3940-3p showed the opposite trend. BBOX-1-AS1 silencing reduced the cell proliferation and migration, while promoting apoptosis. Mechanistically, BBOX1-AS1 modulates LAMC2 expression by competitively binding to miR-3940-3p. miR-3940-3p inhibition alleviated the inhibitory effects of BBOX1-AS1 deficiency on OSCC development. LAMC2 knockdown reversed these changes. Our results revealed that BBOX1-AS1 promotes the malignant phenotype of OSCC cells via the upregulation of LAMC2 expression by targeting miR-3940-3p, indicating that BBOX1-AS1 may be a novel target for OSCC intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, the Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Hust, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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11
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Ahram M, Abdullah MS, Mustafa SA, Alsafadi DB, Battah AH. Androgen down-regulates desmocollin 2 in association with induction of mesenchymal transition of breast MDA-MB-453 cancer cells. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2022; 78:391-399. [PMID: 35023302 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Desmosomes are cellular structures that are critical in cell-cell adhesion and in maintaining tissue architecture. Changes in the expression of desmocollin-2 (DSC2) have been noted during tumor progression into an invasive phenotype and as cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We have previously reported that breast MDA-MB-453 cancer cells, a luminal androgen receptor model of triple-negative breast cancer, acquire mesenchymal features when treated with the androgen receptor (AR) agonist, dihydrotestosterone (DHT). We have therefore investigated androgen regulation of the expression and cellular localization of DSC2 in MDA-MB-453 cells. Treatment of the cells with DHT resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in DSC2 protein levels and dispersion of its membrane localization concomitant with AR- and β-catenin-mediated mesenchymal transition of cells. A significant correlation was revealed between decreased expression of AR and increased expression of DSC2 in patient samples. In addition, whereas lower expression of AR was associated with a reduced overall and recurrence-free survival of breast cancer patients, higher expression of DSC2 was found in invasive breast tumors than in normal breast cells and was correlated with lower patient survival. Upon knocking down DSC2, the cells became elongated, mesenchymal-like, and slightly, but insignificantly, more migratory. The addition of DHT further stimulated cell elongation and migration. DSC2 siRNA-transfected cells reverted to a normal epithelial morphology upon inhibition of β-catenin. These results highlight the role of DSC2 in maintaining the epithelial morphology of MDA-MB-453 cells and the negative regulation of the desmosomal protein by DHT during stimulation of the androgen-induced, β-catenin-mediated mesenchymal transition of the cells. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoun Ahram
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S Abdullah
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Shahed A Mustafa
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dana B Alsafadi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdelkader H Battah
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology, and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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12
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Wang WC, Huang MY, Chen YK, Lan WC, Shieh TM, Shih YH. Salivary Exosome Proteomics and Bioinformatics Analysis in 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-Induced Oral Cancer with Radiation Therapy-A Syrian Golden Hamster Model. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 12:65. [PMID: 35054231 PMCID: PMC8774811 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes carry cellular proteins and contain molecules that can be potential biomarkers of diseases. This study used a Syrian golden hamster model of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma with radiation therapy to exclude the confounding factors that may affect outcomes in clinical studies, and re-examine the role of exosomes during tumorigenesis. We used data-dependent acquisition-based quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses and found unique proteins present (desmocollin-2) or absent (Glucagon-cAMP-PKA-CREB pathway-related proteins) in the salivary exosomes of the pre-radiation DMBA-treated group (PreD). Comparing our data to other studies, salivary exosomes in the PreD group were found carrying proteins that the tumor mass does not express and lacking the proteins needed during tumorigenesis. Immunohistochemistry staining showed p53 expression but a negative apoptotic signal in the PreD tumor tissue. We thus suggest that inhibition of desmocollin-2 expression in tumor tissue may impede the activation of cell apoptosis. However, both the origin of the salivary exosomes and main role of the salivary exosome proteins should be clarified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chen Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (W.-C.W.); (Y.-K.C.)
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yii Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuk-Kwan Chen
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (W.-C.W.); (Y.-K.C.)
- Division of Oral Pathology & Maxillofacial Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Lan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
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Palollathil A, Aravind A, Vijayakumar M, Kotimoole CN, Mohanty V, Behera SK, Kashyap V, Kiran Kumar KM, Shetty R, Codi JAK, Raju R, Prasad TSK. Omics Data Mining for multiPTMs in Oral Cancer: Cellular Proteome and Secretome of Chronic Tobacco-Treated Oral Keratinocytes. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:450-462. [PMID: 34191607 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is common worldwide but lacks robust diagnostics and therapeutics. Lifestyle factors, such as tobacco chewing and smoking, are significantly associated with oral cancers. Mapping the changes in the global proteome, secretome and post-translational modifications (PTMs) during tobacco exposure of oral keratinocytes hold great potential for understanding the mechanisms of oral carcinogenesis, not to mention for innovation toward clinical interventions in the future. On the other hand, although advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques have enabled the deep mining of complex proteomes, a large portion of the mass spectrometric data remains unassigned. These unassigned spectral data can be researched for multiple post-translational modifications (multiPTMs). Using data mining of publicly available proteomics data, we report, in this study, a multiPTM analysis of high-resolution MS-derived datasets on cellular proteome and secretome of chronic tobacco-treated oral keratinocytes. We identified 800 PTM sites in 496 proteins. Among them, 43 PTM sites in 37 proteins were found to be differentially expressed, accounting for their protein-level expression. Enrichment analysis of the proteins with altered phosphosite expression and the known kinases of these phosphosites discovered the overrepresentation of certain biological processes such as splicing and hemidesmosome assembly. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of omics level changes in chronic tobacco-treated oral keratinocytes, and by extension, pathophysiology of oral cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhina Palollathil
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Anjana Aravind
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Manavalan Vijayakumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Chinmaya Narayana Kotimoole
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Varshasnata Mohanty
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Behera
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Vivek Kashyap
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Kenkere M Kiran Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Rohan Shetty
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | | | - Rajesh Raju
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
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14
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Rehman A, Huang Y, Wan H. Evolving Mechanisms in the Pathophysiology of Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Review Emphasizing the Role of Desmoglein 3 in Regulating p53 and the Yes-Associated Protein. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070621. [PMID: 34206820 PMCID: PMC8303937 DOI: 10.3390/life11070621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunobullous condition Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV) is caused by autoantibodies targeting the adhesion proteins of desmosomes, leading to blistering in the skin and mucosal membrane. There is still no cure to the disease apart from the use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents. Despite numerous investigations, the pathological mechanisms of PV are still incompletely understood, though the etiology is thought to be multifactorial. Thus, further understanding of the molecular basis underlying this disease process is vital to develop targeted therapies. Ample studies have highlighted the role of Desmoglein-3 (DSG3) in the initiation of disease as DSG3 serves as a primary target of PV autoantibodies. DSG3 is a pivotal player in mediating outside-in signaling involved in cell junction remodeling, cell proliferation, differentiation, migration or apoptosis, thus validating its biological function in tissue integrity and homeostasis beyond desmosome adhesion. Recent studies have uncovered new activities of DSG3 in regulating p53 and the yes-associated protein (YAP), with the evidence of dysregulation of these pathways demonstrated in PV. The purpose of this review is to summarize the earlier and recent advances highlighting our recent findings related to PV pathogenesis that may pave the way for future research to develop novel specific therapies in curing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Rehman
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK; (A.R.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Medicine, Dr Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Yunying Huang
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK; (A.R.); (Y.H.)
| | - Hong Wan
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK; (A.R.); (Y.H.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Abula Y, Su Y, Tuniyazi D, Yi C. Desmoglein 3 contributes to tumorigenicity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through activating Src-FAK signaling. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:195-202. [PMID: 34262662 PMCID: PMC8253207 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1943707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmogleins (DSGs), with the ability to link adjacent cells, have been shown to participate in the development of malignancy. DSG3 was up-regulated in various cancers, including lung, head and neck, and esophagus squamous cell carcinoma, which contributed to the tumor progression. The role of DSG3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) still remains elusive. Here, the expression of DSG3 was found to be enhanced in pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro. Functional assays showed that shRNA-mediated knockdown of DSG3 decreased cell viability of pancreatic cancer cells and retarded the cell proliferation, migration and invasion. However, pcDNA-mediated over-expression of DSG3 exhibited reversed effect on pancreatic cancer cell progression. In addition, the in vivo assay demonstrated that transfection of shDSG3 lentiviruses into pancreatic cancer cells repressed the tumorigenicity of PDAC after the cancer cells were transplanted into mice subcutaneously. Elevated DSG3 expression promoted the phosphorylation of Src (p-Src), focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK) and AKT (p-AKT) in vitro, while silence of DSG3 reduced the expression of p-Src, p-FAK and p-AKT both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, DSG3, as an oncogene, contributed to the tumorigenicity of PDAC through activating Src-FAK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimamumaimaitijiang Abula
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yating Su
- Department of Medical, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dilixiati Tuniyazi
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Yi
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Liu YQ, Zou HY, Xie JJ, Fang WK. Paradoxical Roles of Desmosomal Components in Head and Neck Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:914. [PMID: 34203070 PMCID: PMC8234459 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmosomes are intercellular adhesion complexes involved in various aspects of epithelial pathophysiology, including tissue homeostasis, morphogenesis, and disease development. Recent studies have reported that the abnormal expression of various desmosomal components correlates with tumor progression and poor survival. In addition, desmosomes have been shown to act as a signaling platform to regulate the proliferation, invasion, migration, morphogenesis, and apoptosis of cancer cells. The occurrence and progression of head and neck cancer (HNC) is accompanied by abnormal expression of desmosomal components and loss of desmosome structure. However, the role of desmosomal components in the progression of HNC remains controversial. This review aims to provide an overview of recent developments showing the paradoxical roles of desmosomal components in tumor suppression and promotion. It offers valuable insights for HNC diagnosis and therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Qiao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (Y.-Q.L.); (H.-Y.Z.)
| | - Hai-Ying Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (Y.-Q.L.); (H.-Y.Z.)
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (Y.-Q.L.); (H.-Y.Z.)
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wang-Kai Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (Y.-Q.L.); (H.-Y.Z.)
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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17
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Patil S, Baeshen HA. Aqueous extract of tobacco induces mitochondrial potential dependent cell death and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gingival epithelial cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4613-4618. [PMID: 34354447 PMCID: PMC8324949 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Smokeless tobacco habits are detrimental to oral health. A correlation between tobacco use and local epithelial tissue damage exists. Yet, the underlying cellular mechanism is not precisely characterized. This study assessed the dose-dependent action of Smokeless tobacco extract on gingival epithelial cells. Gingival tissue was taken from 5 healthy donors. Gingival epithelial cells were isolated by an enzymatic method and cultured up to passage 2. The cultured cells were treated with smokeless tobacco extract at 10%, 25%, 50%, and 75% volume concentration. After 48 h of incubation, MTT assay, Annexin V/PI assay, and DiIC1(5) assay were used to evaluate viability, apoptosis, and mitochondrial potential of the cells. RT-qPCR was used to determine the expression of BAX, BCL2, ECAD, NCAD, and TWIST. The Smokeless tobacco extract reduced cell viability by disrupting the mitochondrial potential and inducing apoptosis. Further, the Smokeless tobacco extract induced a dose-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal-transition in gingival epithelial cells. Apoptotic cellular death caused by tobacco extract on the gingival epithelial system was dependant on the mitochondrial potential of the cell. The results demonstrate that smokeless tobacco causes detrimental metabolic alterations of the periodontium. Featured application This study elucidates the mechanism by which Smokeless tobacco products cause cellular damage to the gingival epithelium. The use of Smokeless tobacco products can lead to major cellular and surface changes in the gingiva and its appearance. The consequences of these changes are not limited to oral cancer but also increases a person's risk for dental and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, College of dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Liu D, Liu S, Liu J, Miao L, Zhang S, Pan Y. sRNA23392 packaged by Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles promotes oral squamous cell carcinomas migration and invasion by targeting desmocollin-2. Mol Oral Microbiol 2021; 36:182-191. [PMID: 33764008 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common head and neck malignant tumor. Periodontitis, a common chronic inflammatory disease, has been proven to increase the risk of oral cancers. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), the major pathogen in periodontal disease, was recently shown to promote the development of OSCC. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been defined. Emerging evidence suggests that P. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) contain different packaged small RNAs (sRNAs) with the potential to target host mRNA function and/or stability. In this study, we found that P. gingivalis OMVs promote the invasion and migration of OSCC cells in vitro. Further research showed that sRNA23392 was abundant in P. gingivalis OMVs and it promoted the invasion and migration of OSCC cells by targeting desmocollin-2 (DSC2). DSC2, a desmosomal cadherin family member, has been found to be involved in tumor progression. sRNA23392 inhibitors attenuated P. gingivalis OMV-induced migration and invasion of OSCC cells. Collectively, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that sRNA23392 in P. gingivalis OMVs is a novel mechanism of the host-pathogen interaction, whereby P. gingivalis promotes the invasion and migration of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Liu
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Sai Liu
- Department of Dental Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Junchao Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Miao
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Li GS, Hou W, Chen G, Yao YX, Chen XY, Zhang XG, Liang Y, Li MX, Huang ZG, Dang YW, Liang QH, Wu HY, Li RQ, Wei HY. Clinical Significance of Integrin Subunit Beta 4 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 37:256-275. [PMID: 33179959 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.3943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The expression level and clinical significance of integrin subunit beta 4 (ITGB4) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unclear. Materials and Methods: Expression of ITGB4 in HNSCC tissues were evaluated by calculating standard mean differences (SMDs) based on gene chips, RNA-seq, and immunohistochemistry data (n = 2330) from multiple sources. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to detect the ability of ITGB4 to distinguish HNSCC from non-HNSCC samples. The relationship between the expression level of ITGB4 and clinical parameters was evaluated by calculating SMDs. Results: Identical results of mRNA and protein levels indicated remarkable up-expression of ITGB4 in HNSCC tissues. Further ROC curves showed that ITGB4 could distinguish HNSCC from non-HNSCC samples. Genetic alteration analysis of ITGB4 in HNSCC indicated that overexpression of ITGB4 in HNSCC was likely not owing to genetic alteration of ITGB4. Moreover, ITGB4 overexpression level may be correlated with clinical T stage. Conclusion: ITGB4 likely plays an essential role in HNSCC occurrence based on our study and its potential diagnostic value is worthy of further exploration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Sheng Li
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Research, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xuan Yao
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Guohui Zhang
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Liang
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xuan Li
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hua Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Yu Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Qiao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Jiangbin Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yu Wei
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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20
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Negative Expression of DSG1 and DSG2, as Prognostic Biomarkers, Impacts on the Overall Survival in Patients with Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:9831646. [PMID: 32850288 PMCID: PMC7436288 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9831646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the expression of DSG1 and DSG2 and investigate their clinicopathological significance in EHCC. Method The protein expression of DSG1 and DSG2 was measured by EnVision immunohistochemistry in 15 normal biliary tract tissues, 10 biliary tract adenoma tissues, 30 peritumoral tissues, and 100 EHCC tumour tissues. Result The expression of the DSG1 and DSG2 proteins was significantly lower in EHCC tumour tissues than in normal biliary tract tissues, biliary tract adenoma, and peritumoral tissues (P < 0.05). Adenoma and peritumoral tissues with negative DSG1 and/or DSG2 protein expression exhibited atypical hyperplasia. DSG1 expression was positively correlated with DSG2 expression in EHCC (P < 0.01). In patients with good differentiation, no invasion, no lymph metastasis, TNM I + II stage, and radical surgery, the positive expression of DSG1 and DSG2 proteins was higher (P < 0.05). In comparison to patients with negative DSG1 and/or DSG2 expression, the average overall survival time of those with positive expression was significantly longer (P = 0.000). Cox multivariate analysis revealed that negative DSG1 and DSG2 expressions were independent of poor prognosis factors in EHCC patients. The AUC calculated for DSG1 was 0.681 (95% confidence interval: 0.594–0.768) and that for DSG2 was 0.645 (95% confidence interval: 0.555–0.734), while that for DSG1 and DSG2 was 0.772 (95% confidence interval: 0.609-0.936). Conclusions Negative protein expression of DSG1 and DSG2 is closely related to the pathogenesis, severe clinicopathological characteristics, aggressive biological behaviours, and dismal prognosis in EHCC.
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21
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Nguyen CTK, Sawangarun W, Mandasari M, Morita KI, Harada H, Kayamori K, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. AIRE is induced in oral squamous cell carcinoma and promotes cancer gene expression. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0222689. [PMID: 32012175 PMCID: PMC6996854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is a transcriptional regulator that is primarily expressed in medullary epithelial cells, where it induces tissue-specific antigen expression. Under pathological conditions, AIRE expression is induced in epidermal cells and promotes skin tumor development. This study aimed to clarify the role of AIRE in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). AIRE expression was evaluated in six OSCC cell lines and in OSCC tissue specimens. Expression of STAT1, ICAM1, CXCL10, CXCL11, and MMP9 was elevated in 293A cells stably expressing AIRE, and conversely, was decreased in AIRE-knockout HSC3 OSCC cells when compared to the respective controls. Upregulation of STAT1, and ICAM in OSCC cells was confirmed in tissue specimens by immunohistochemistry. We provide evidence that AIRE exerts transcriptional control in cooperation with ETS1. Expression of STAT1, ICAM1, CXCL10, CXCL11, and MMP9 was increased in 293A cells upon Ets1 transfection, and coexpression of AIRE further increased the expression of these proteins. AIRE coprecipitated with ETS1 in a modified immunoprecipitation assay using formaldehyde crosslinking. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR analysis revealed that promoter fragments of STAT1, ICAM1, CXCL10, and MMP9 were enriched in the AIRE precipitates. These results indicate that AIRE is induced in OSCC and supports cancer-related gene expression in cooperation with ETS1. This is a novel function of AIRE in extrathymic tissues under the pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wanlada Sawangarun
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masita Mandasari
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei-ichi Morita
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Lu X, Watsky MA. Influence of Vitamin D on Corneal Epithelial Cell Desmosomes and Hemidesmosomes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 60:4074-4083. [PMID: 31561249 PMCID: PMC6779066 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We have observed noticably weak epithelial attachment in vitamin D receptor knockout mice (VDR KO) undergoing epithelial debridement. We hypothesized that VDR KO negatively affects corneal epithelial cell desmosomes and/or hemidesmosomes. Methods Transcript levels of desmosome and hemidesmosome proteins in VDR KO corneas were assessed by qPCR. Western blotting and immunochemistry were used to detect proteins in cultured cells exposed to 1,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3. Results VDR KO resulted in decreased corneal desmosomal desmoglein 1 (DSG1) and desmocollin 2 (DSC2) mRNA, and hemidesmosomal plectin mRNA. DSG1 and plectin protein expression were reduced in VDR KO corneas. DSG1 protein expression increased in VDR wild types (VDR WT) and VDR KO mouse primary epithelial cells (MPCEC) treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3. 24R,25(OH)2D3 treatment resulted in increased plectin and integrin β4 levels in VDR WT MPCEC, and decreased levels in VDR KO MPCEC. Treatment of human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) with 1,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3 resulted in increased DSC2 and DSG1 protein expression. Plectin and integrin β4 were only increased in 24R,25(OH)2D3 treated HCEC. Conclusions VDR KO results in reduced desmosomal and hemidesmosomal mRNA and protein levels. 1,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3 increased DSG1 protein in all cells tested. For hemidesmosome proteins, 24R,25(OH)2D3 increased plectin and integrin β4 protein expression in VDR WT and HCEC, with decreased expression in VDR KO MPCEC. Thus, vitamin D3 is involved in desmosome and hemidesmosome junction formation/regulation, and their decreased expression likely contributes to the loosely adherent corneal epithelium in VDR KO mice. Our data indicate the presence of a VDR-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Lu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Mitchell A Watsky
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States.,The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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23
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Sawant S, Dongre H, Kanojia D, Jamghare S, Borges A, Vaidya M. Role of Electron Microscopy in Early Detection of Altered Epithelium During Experimental Oral Carcinogenesis. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2019; 25:1367-1375. [PMID: 30867083 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927619000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of altered epithelium can help in controlling the further progression by timely intervention. Alterations in cellular adhesion are one of the hallmarks of cancer progression, which can be detected at the intracellular level using high-resolution electron microscopy. This study aimed to evaluate the role of electron microscopy in the establishment of ultrastructural markers for early detection of altered epithelium using tissues from 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide (4NQO) induced rat tongue carcinogenesis. Our previous study using light microscopy displayed no histopathological alterations in 4NQO treated tissues until 40 days of treatment, while dysplasia, papilloma and carcinoma were detected at 80/120, 160 and 200 days, respectively. However, electron microscopy detected alterations such as detachment of desmosomes from cell membranes and their clustering in the cytoplasm, increased tonofilaments, keratohyaline granules and thickened corneum in 40 days treated corresponding tissues. These alterations are apparent with hyperkeratosis/hyperplasia but remained undetected using light microscopy. Further, in dysplasia, papilloma and carcinoma, gradual and significant loss of desmosomes, leading to the significant widening of intercellular spaces, was observed using iTEM software. These parameters may serve as indicators for progression of oral cancer. Our results highlight the importance of electron microscopy in the early detection of subcellular changes in the altered epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharada Sawant
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harsh Dongre
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, N-5021, Norway
| | - Deepak Kanojia
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sayli Jamghare
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anita Borges
- Department of Histopathology, Asian Institute of Oncology, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai-4000116, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind Vaidya
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
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24
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Sun C, Wang L, Yang XX, Jiang YH, Guo XL. The aberrant expression or disruption of desmocollin2 in human diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:378-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Funahashi SI, Kawai S, Fujii E, Taniguchi K, Nakano K, Ishikawa S, Aburatani H, Suzuki M. Generation of an anti-desmoglein 3 antibody without pathogenic activity of pemphigus vulgaris for therapeutic application to squamous cell carcinoma. J Biochem 2018; 164:471-481. [PMID: 30239818 PMCID: PMC6267343 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It is ideal for the target antigen of a cytotoxic therapeutic antibody against cancer to be cancer-specific, but such antigens are rare. Thus an alternative strategy for target selection is necessary. Desmoglein 3 (DSG3) is highly expressed in lung squamous cell carcinoma, while it is well-known that anti-DSG3 antibodies cause pemphigus vulgaris, an autoimmune disease. We evaluated DSG3 as a novel target by selecting an epitope that exerts efficacy against cancer with no pathogenic effects in normal tissues. Pathogenic anti-DSG3 antibodies induce skin blisters by inhibiting the cell–cell interaction in a Ca2+-dependent manner. We screened anti-DSG3 antibodies that bind DGS3 independent of Ca2+ and have high antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity against DSG3-expressing cells. These selected antibodies did not inhibit cell–cell interaction and showed ADCC activity against squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Furthermore, one of the DSG3 antibodies showed anti-tumour activity in tumour mouse models but did not induce adverse effects such as blister formation in the skin. Thus it was possible to generate an antibody against DSG3 by using an appropriate epitope that retained efficacy with no pathogenicity. This approach of epitope selection may expand the variety of druggable target molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Funahashi
- Forerunner Pharma Research Co., Ltd., Komaba Open Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeto Kawai
- Forerunner Pharma Research Co., Ltd., Komaba Open Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Etsuko Fujii
- Forerunner Pharma Research Co., Ltd., Komaba Open Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Taniguchi
- Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakano
- Forerunner Pharma Research Co., Ltd., Komaba Open Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ishikawa
- Genome Science, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Suzuki
- Forerunner Pharma Research Co., Ltd., Komaba Open Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 200 Kajiwara, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan
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26
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Sawant S, Dongre H, Ahire C, Sharma S, Jamghare S, Kansara Y, Rane P, Kanojia D, Patil A, Chaukar D, Gupta S, D'Cruz A, Vaidya M, Dongre P. Alterations in desmosomal adhesion at protein and ultrastructure levels during the sequential progressive grades of human oral tumorigenesis. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 126:251-262. [PMID: 29905981 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of developing early diagnostic/prognostic markers for oral cancer, desmosomal adhesion in sequentially progressive grades of tissues from oral normal/disorders (normal, hyperplastic, dysplastic, non-metastatic/metastatic tumours, and metastatic nodes) was investigated at protein and ultrastructural levels using immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The expression of desmosomal proteins was higher in hyperplastic tissues than in normal tissues but was significantly decreased in subsequent progressive stages of the disease. Altered expression of desmosomal proteins was significantly correlated with local recurrence and disease-free survival. Ultrastructural analysis in the corresponding tissues revealed cytoplasmic clustering of desmosomes in hyperplasia; in more advanced disease stages, a significantly lower number of desmosomes and widened intercellular spaces were observed. Altered protein expression resulting in structural changes was confirmed by knocking down desmoplakin expression in non-transformed cells, which failed to form normal desmosome structures and induced a cell-transformation phenotype. Our data suggest that alterations in desmosomal assembly initiate at an early hyperplastic grade and, with more advanced disease stages, the severity of the alterations gradually becomes higher. Alterations in desmosomal adhesion can be useful for early detection of high-risk premalignant lesions, as well as for identification of invasive characteristics of primary non-metastatic tumours. Early detection will help to control further progression of disease by timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharada Sawant
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harsh Dongre
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Chetan Ahire
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shilpi Sharma
- Oral Surgery, Head and Neck Unit, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayli Jamghare
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yashvi Kansara
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pallavi Rane
- Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Unit, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepak Kanojia
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Asawari Patil
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Devendra Chaukar
- Oral Surgery, Head and Neck Unit, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Hospital, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil D'Cruz
- Oral Surgery, Head and Neck Unit, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind Vaidya
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prabhakar Dongre
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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27
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Sawant SS, Dongre H, Ahire C, Sharma S, Kannan S, Mahadik S, Chaukar D, Lukmani F, Patil A, D'Cruz A, Vaidya MM, Dongre P. A nomogram for predicting the risk of neck node metastasis in pathologically node-negative oral cavity carcinoma. Oral Dis 2017; 23:1087-1098. [PMID: 28580710 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To generate a nomogram for predicting the risk of neck node metastasis in pathologically node-negative patients using a combination of variables comprising of protein expression, ultrastructural alterations and clinicopathological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surgically removed oral tumours (n = 103) were analysed for the expression of desmosomal and hemidesmosomal assembly proteins by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural alterations by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Protein expression, ultrastructural alterations and clinicopathological variables were used to construct nomogram from the training set in 75 patients. Clinical utility of the nomogram was validated in a discrete set of 28 patients. RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the training set, and obtained significant variables comprising of integrin β4 expression (p = .027), number of hemidesmosomes (p = .027)/desmosomes (p = .046), tumour differentiation grade (p = .033) and tumour thickness (p = .024) were used for construction of the nomogram. The area under the curve was calculated for both training 0.821 (95% CI 0.725-0.918) and validation sets 0.880 (95% CI 0.743-1.000). The nomogram demonstrated a predictive accuracy of 73.3% and 78.6% with the sensitivity of 81.4% and 83.3% in the training and validation sets, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram constructed on postsurgical tumour samples will be a value addition to histopathology for the detection of neck node metastasis in pathologically node-negative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Sawant
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - H Dongre
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - C Ahire
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Sharma
- Oral Surgery Head and Neck Unit, Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Kannan
- Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Unit, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Mahadik
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - D Chaukar
- Oral Surgery Head and Neck Unit, Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - F Lukmani
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Patil
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A D'Cruz
- Oral Surgery Head and Neck Unit, Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M M Vaidya
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Dongre
- Department of Biophysics, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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28
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Patel SJ, Darie CC, Clarkson BD. Effect of purified fractions from cell culture supernate of high-density pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (ALL3) on the growth of ALL3 cells at low density. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:417-428. [PMID: 27804141 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the aberrant growth and interactions between cells are not understood very well. The pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells directly obtained from an adult patient grow very poorly or do not grow at all at low density (LD), but grow better at high starting cell density (HD). We found that the LD ALL3 cells can be stimulated to grow in the presence of diffusible, soluble factors secreted by ALL3 cells themselves growing at high starting cell density. We then developed a biochemical purification procedure that allowed us to purify the factor(s) with stimulatory activity and analyzed them by nanoliquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS). Using nanoLC-MS/MS we have identified several proteins which were further processed using various bioinformatics tools. This resulted in eight protein candidates which might be responsible for the growth activity on non-growing LD ALL3 cells and their involvement in the stimulatory activity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapan J Patel
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, New York, NY, USA.,Clarkson University, Biochemistry and Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Clarkson University, Biochemistry and Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Bayard D Clarkson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Molecular Pharmacology Program, New York, NY, USA
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29
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Pal SK, Nguyen CTK, Morita KI, Miki Y, Kayamori K, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. THBS1 is induced by TGFB1 in the cancer stroma and promotes invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 45:730-739. [PMID: 26850833 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND THBS1 (thrombospondin-1) is the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that affects diverse cellular activities. It constitutes the tumor stroma, but the role of THBS1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the relevance of THBS1 in the pathogenesis of OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of THBS1 was examined in 44 OSCC by immunohistochemical analysis and in 43 OSCC by cDNA microarray analysis. Cell culture experiments were conducted using human OSCC cell lines HSC3 and HO1N1 and mouse fibroblast ST2 cells to examine the effect of TGFB1 on THBS1 expression, and the effect of THBS1 on cellular behaviors. RESULTS THBS1 was specifically induced in the tumor microenvironment of OSCC. THBS1 appeared to be produced mainly by the stromal cells, but also by OSCC cells. TGFB1 stimulated THBS1 expression in ST2, primary fibroblasts, and the OSCC cells. THBS1 promoted migration and invasion of HSC3 and HO1N1 in transwell migration assays. THBS1 stimulated the expression of MMP3 (matrix metalloprotease 3), MMP9, MMP11, and MMP13 in ST2 cells and MMP3, MMP11, and MMP13 in HO1N1 cells. The RGD peptide suppressed the THBS1-stimulated migration and upregulation of MMP11 and MMP13. CONCLUSIONS THBS1 is a tumor-specific ECM protein that is induced by TGFB1 and promotes migration of cancer cells and stimulates the expression of MMPs partly through the integrin signaling, thereby favoring OSCC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Morita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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30
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Celentano A, Mignogna MD, McCullough M, Cirillo N. Pathophysiology of the Desmo-Adhesome. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:496-505. [PMID: 27505028 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Advances in our understanding of desmosomal diseases have provided a clear demonstration of the key role played by desmosomes in tissue and organ physiology, highlighting the importance of their dynamic and finely regulated structure. In this context, non-desmosomal regulatory molecules have acquired increasing relevance in the study of this organelle resulting in extending the desmosomal interactome, named the "desmo-adhesome." Spatiotemporal changes in the expression and regulation of the desmo-adhesome underlie a number of genetic, infectious, autoimmune, and malignant conditions. The aim of the present article was to examine the structural and functional relationship of the desmosome, by providing a comprehensive, yet focused overview of the constituents targeted in human disease. The inclusion of the novel regulatory network in the desmo-adhesome pathophysiology opens new avenues to a deeper understanding of desmosomal diseases, potentially unveiling pathogenic mechanisms waiting to be explored. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 496-505, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Celentano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michele Davide Mignogna
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michael McCullough
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.,Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre (CRC), University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.,Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre (CRC), University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
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31
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Wang Y, Chen C, Wang X, Jin F, Liu Y, Liu H, Li T, Fu J. Lower DSC1 expression is related to the poor differentiation and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:2461-2468. [PMID: 27601166 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although desmocollins have an important position in cancer-related research, there are little reports about the relations between cancers and desmocollin 1 (DSC1). The present study was designed to investigate the correlations between DSC1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS First we analyzed the GEO database; then, HNSCC and pericarcinous tissues were collected to verify the results. DSC1 expression was detected by western blot and real-time PCR. The co-expression genes of DSC1 were extracted from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia database (CCLE database), and their correlation was analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas HNSCC database (TCGA HNSCC database). Next the gene ontology analysis (GO) was carried out. Moreover, we suppressed DSC1 in FaDu cell to investigate the internal mechanism. RESULTS GEO database showed that DSC1 was higher in HNSCC and patients with higher DSC1 had unfavorable prognosis. The results of the samples showed that DSC1 was significantly higher in HNSCC than in normal tissue, which was consistent with the results of GEO database. The co-expression genes of DSC1 were extracted from CCLE database and verified in TCGA HNSCC database. It revealed that DSC1 was related to cell signal transduction. In FaDu/siDSC1 cells, the proliferation and migration were decreased compared to FaDu cells, and the expression levels of β-catenin, c-myc and cyclin D1 down-regulated significantly. CONCLUSIONS The increased expression of DSC1 can promote the occurrence of HNSCC and is associated with tumor. The increased expression of DSC1 also indicates a poor prognosis of the patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengtong Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiqiao Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiangtao Fu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
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Nguyen CTK, Okamura T, Morita KI, Yamaguchi S, Harada H, Miki Y, Izumo T, Kayamori K, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. LAMC2 is a predictive marker for the malignant progression of leukoplakia. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:223-231. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Takeshi Okamura
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kei-ichi Morita
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral Surgery; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Department of Molecular Genetics; Medical Research Institute; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Izumo
- Department of Diagnostic Oral Pathology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Oral Health Science Center; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
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Khanom R, Nguyen CTK, Kayamori K, Zhao X, Morita K, Miki Y, Katsube KI, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. Keratin 17 Is Induced in Oral Cancer and Facilitates Tumor Growth. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161163. [PMID: 27512993 PMCID: PMC4981360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin subtypes are selectively expressed depending on the cell type. They not only provide structural support, but regulate the metabolic processes and signaling pathways that control the growth of the epithelium. KRT17 (keratin 17) is induced in the regenerative epithelium and acts on diverse signaling pathways. Here, we demonstrate that KRT17 is invariably and permanently induced in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as revealed by immunohistochemistry and cDNA microarray analysis. Two representative OSCC cell lines; KRT17-weakly expressing Ca9-22 and KRT17-highly expressing HSC3 were used to establish KRT17-overexpressing Ca9-22 and KRT17-knockdown HSC3 cells. Analysis of these cells revealed that KRT17 promoted cell proliferation and migration by stimulating the Akt/mTOR pathway. KRT17 also upregulated the expression of SLC2A1 (solute carrier family 2 member 1/Glut1) and glucose uptake. To further investigate the effect of KRT17 on tumorigenesis, KRT17-knockout HSC3 cells were established and were transplanted to the cephalic skin of nude mice. The tumors that developed from KRT17-knockout HSC3 cells had a lower Ki-67 labeling index and were significantly smaller compared to the controls. These results indicate that KRT17 stimulates the Akt/mTOR pathway and glucose uptake, thereby facilitating tumor growth. We could not confirm the relationship between KRT17 and SFN (stratifin) in the cells examined in this study. However, our study reinforces the concept that the cellular properties of cancer are regulated by a series of molecules similar to those found in wound healing. In OSCC, KRT17 acts as a pathogenic keratin that facilitates tumor growth through the stimulation of multiple signaling pathways, highlighting the importance of KRT17 as a multifunctional promoter of tumorigenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Keratin-17/genetics
- Keratin-17/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Nude
- Mouth Neoplasms/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Khanom
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, “International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease”, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Morita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, “International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease”, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Katsube
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Human Care, Tohto College of Health Sciences, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, “International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Disease”, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Hellewell AL, Adams JC. Insider trading: Extracellular matrix proteins and their non-canonical intracellular roles. Bioessays 2015; 38:77-88. [PMID: 26735930 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201500103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In metazoans, the extracellular matrix (ECM) provides a dynamic, heterogeneous microenvironment that has important supportive and instructive roles. Although the primary site of action of ECM proteins is extracellular, evidence is emerging for non-canonical intracellular roles. Examples include osteopontin, thrombospondins, IGF-binding protein 3 and biglycan, and relate to roles in transcription, cell-stress responses, autophagy and cancer. These findings pose conceptual problems on how proteins signalled for secretion can be routed to the cytosol or nucleus, or can function in environments with diverse redox, pH and ionic conditions. We review evidence for intracellular locations and functions of ECM proteins, and current knowledge of the mechanisms by which they may enter intracellular compartments. We evaluate the experimental methods that are appropriate to obtain rigorous evidence for intracellular localisation and function. Better insight into this under-researched topic is needed to decipher the complete spectrum of physiological and pathological roles of ECM proteins.
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Abstract
Desmosomes represent adhesive, spot-like intercellular junctions that in association with intermediate filaments mechanically link neighboring cells and stabilize tissue architecture. In addition to this structural function, desmosomes also act as signaling platforms involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, morphogenesis, and apoptosis. Thus, deregulation of desmosomal proteins has to be considered to contribute to tumorigenesis. Proteolytic fragmentation and downregulation of desmosomal cadherins and plaque proteins by transcriptional or epigenetic mechanisms were observed in different cancer entities suggesting a tumor-suppressive role. However, discrepant data in the literature indicate that context-dependent differences based on alternative intracellular, signal transduction lead to altered outcome. Here, modulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by plakoglobin or desmoplakin and of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling appears to be of special relevance. This review summarizes current evidence on how desmosomal proteins participate in carcinogenesis, and depicts the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otmar Huber
- a Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Nonnenplan 2-4, 07743 Jena , Germany.,b Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital , Erlanger Allee 101, 07747 Jena , Germany
| | - Iver Petersen
- c Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena , Ziegelmühlenweg 1, 07743 Jena , Germany
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Tang K, Cai Y, Joshi S, Tovar E, Tucker SC, Maddipati KR, Crissman JD, Repaskey WT, Honn KV. Convergence of eicosanoid and integrin biology: 12-lipoxygenase seeks a partner. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:111. [PMID: 26037302 PMCID: PMC4453211 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0382-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Integrins and enzymes of the eicosanoid pathway are both well-established contributors to cancer. However, this is the first report of the interdependence of the two signaling systems. In a screen for proteins that interacted with, and thereby potentially regulated, the human platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX, ALOX12), we identified the integrin β4 (ITGB4). Methods Using a cultured mammalian cell model, we have demonstrated that ITGB4 stimulation leads to recruitment of 12-LOX from the cytosol to the membrane where it physically interacts with the integrin to become enzymatically active to produce 12(S)-HETE, a known bioactive lipid metabolite that regulates numerous cancer phenotypes. Results The net effect of the interaction was the prevention of cell death in response to starvation. Additionally, regulation of β4-mediated, EGF-stimulated invasion was shown to be dependent on 12-LOX, and downstream Erk signaling in response to ITGB4 activation also required 12-LOX. Conclusions This is the first report of an enzyme of the eicosanoid pathway being recruited to and regulated by activated β4 integrin. Integrin β4 has recently been shown to induce expansion of prostate tumor progenitors and there is a strong correlation between stage/grade of prostate cancer and 12-LOX expression. The 12-LOX enzymatic product, 12(S)-HETE, regulates angiogenesis and cell migration in many cancer types. Therefore, disruption of integrin β4-12LOX interaction could reduce the pro-inflammatory oncogenic activity of 12-LOX. This report on the consequences of 12-LOX and ITGB4 interaction sets a precedent for the linkage of integrin and eicosanoid biology through direct protein-protein association. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0382-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqin Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 431 Chemistry Building, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Yinlong Cai
- Department of Pathology, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 431 Chemistry Building, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Sangeeta Joshi
- Department of Pathology, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 431 Chemistry Building, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Present address: Roswell Park Cancer Institute, 14263, Buffalo, New York, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Tovar
- Department of Pathology, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 431 Chemistry Building, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Program in Cancer Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Present address: Van Andel Institute, 49503, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
| | - Stephanie C Tucker
- Department of Pathology, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 431 Chemistry Building, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 431 Chemistry Building, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - John D Crissman
- Department of Pathology, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 431 Chemistry Building, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - William T Repaskey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Kenneth V Honn
- Department of Pathology, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute, 431 Chemistry Building, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Brown L, Wan H. Desmoglein 3: a help or a hindrance in cancer progression? Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:266-86. [PMID: 25629808 PMCID: PMC4381258 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmoglein 3 is one of seven desmosomal cadherins that mediate cell-cell adhesion in desmosomes. Desmosomes are the intercellular junctional complexes that anchor the intermediate filaments of adjacent cells and confer strong cell adhesion thus are essential in the maintenance of tissue architecture and structural integrity. Like adherens junctions, desmosomes function as tumour suppressors and are down regulated in the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and in tumour cell invasion and metastasis. However, recently several studies have shown that various desmosomal components, including desmoglein 3, are up-regulated in cancer with increased levels of expression correlating with the clinical stage of malignancy, implicating their potentiality to serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker. Furthermore, in vitro studies have demonstrated that overexpression of desmoglein 3 in cancer cell lines activates several signal pathways that have an impact on cell morphology, adhesion and locomotion. These additional signalling roles of desmoglein 3 may not be associated to its adhesive function in desmosomes but rather function outside of the junctions, acting as a key regulator in the control of actin based cellular processes. This review will discuss recent advances which support the role of desmoglein 3 in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Brown
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Center for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Blizard Building, London E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Hong Wan
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Center for Clinical and Diagnostic Oral Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Blizard Building, London E1 2AT, UK.
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