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Aragão HHR, Lima LBR, Cavalcante IL, da Silva Neto SS, Turatti E, Cavalcante RB, Gilligan G, Panico R, de Mendonça EF, de Albuquerque-Júnior RLC, Nonaka CFW, Alves PM, de Andrade BAB, Cunha JLS. Oral granular cell tumor: a collaborative clinicopathological study of 61 cases. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:1383-1397. [PMID: 38904898 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-024-01272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granular Cell Tumor (GCT) is an uncommon benign lesion in the oral cavity whose pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Due to their infrequent occurrence and similarity to other oral lesions, they are often forgotten during the initial clinical diagnosis. Therefore, understanding its prevalence, clinical and pathological characteristics is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and adequate management. METHODS All cases diagnosed as GCTs in six Brazilian and Argentinian oral diagnostic centers were re-evaluated by HE staining, and clinical, demographic, and histopathological data were collected and evaluated. RESULTS The series comprised 45 female (73.8%) and 16 male (26.2%), with a 2.8:1 female-to-male ratio and a mean age of 35.3 ± 16.9 years (range: 7-77 years). Most cases occurred on the tongue (n = 49; 81.6%) and presented clinically as asymptomatic papules or nodules (n = 50; 89.3%) with a normochromic (n = 25; 45.5%) or yellowish (n = 11; 20.0%) coloration and sizes ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 cm (mean ± SD: 1.40 ± 0.75 cm). Morphologically, most tumors were characterized by a poorly delimited proliferation (n = 52; 88.1%) of cells typically rounded to polygonal containing abundant, eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm. Pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milian were identified in all lesions (n = 61; 100%). Entrapment of skeletal striated muscle (n = 44; 72.1%) and nerve fibers (n = 42; 68.9%) were common findings. Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) was observed in 23 cases (39.0%). In only 27.7% of cases (n = 13) there was agreement between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Outcome information was available from 16 patients (26.2%), with clinical follow-up ranging from 4 to 36 months (mean 13.3 months), and none developed local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS The clinical and histopathological features of GCTs were consistent with those described in previous studies. In general, these lesions have a predilection for the lateral region of the tongue in adult women. It is essential to consider GCTs in the differential diagnosis of yellow or normochromic papules and nodules in the oral cavity. Histopathological evaluation is essential for the definitive diagnosis and the prognosis is excellent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana Beatriz Ribeiro Lima
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Israel Leal Cavalcante
- School of Dentistry, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Eveline Turatti
- School of Dentistry, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Gerardo Gilligan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rene Panico
- Department of Oral Medicine, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | - John Lennon Silva Cunha
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande, Brazil.
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Western Bahia (UFOB), Rua da Prainha, 1326 - Bairro Morada Nobre, Barreiras, BA, 47810-047, Brazil.
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Li H, Zhang M, Zheng Y, Zhang H. Gastric granular cell tumor: A case report and literature review. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:403. [PMID: 38983126 PMCID: PMC11228929 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are neoplasms of uncertain histopathological etiology and therefore there are no universally accepted treatment strategies. GCTs are characterized by abundant eosinophilic granules. Since they are predominantly located in the skin and subcutaneous tissues, gastric GCTs are exceedingly rare. The present study documents the case of a 52-year-old man who visited the Gastroenterology Clinic of the People's Hospital of Putuo District (Zhoushan, China) due to upper abdominal fullness. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a well-defined hypoechoic nodule in the submucosal layer of the stomach body. The lesion was completely excised using endoscopic submucosal dissection and the patient made a full postoperative recovery. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for S100 and CD68, with CD34 expression surrounding the tumor cells. At telephone follow-up until May 2024, the patient's fullness and discomfort were noted to be relieved. The characteristics of the CD34 expression pattern may serve as a novel basis for the pathological diagnosis of gastric GCTs. Endoscopic resection is a feasible option for gastric GCTs smaller than 2 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixi Li
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Putuo District, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, P.R. China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Putuo District, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, P.R. China
| | - Youyou Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Putuo District, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital of Putuo District, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, P.R. China
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Movahed S, Amiri AJ, Kalkali AR. A case report of atypical granular cell tumor of bladder. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 121:109980. [PMID: 38959614 PMCID: PMC11268323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE The development of granular cell tumor (GCT) in urinary bladder is a very rare disorder. CASE PRESENTATION We reported a 50-year-old male, who was referred with vague pelvic pain. There was a hypoechoic mass with diameters of 30*25 mm in frontal wall of bladder in the sonogram. CLINICAL DISCUSSION The patient underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. Subsequent pathology and immunohistochemistry findings supported the diagnosis of atypical GCT. CONCLUSION The patient was tumor-free at the follow up. It seems that GCT is usually benign in nature and can be treated by excisional surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Movahed
- Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran
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4
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Kent T, Saulino D. Incidental multifocal granular cell tumor in the setting of chronic gastritis discovered following gastric sleeve operation: a case report and brief review of the literature. J Surg Case Rep 2024; 2024:rjad700. [PMID: 38213404 PMCID: PMC10781937 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors are uncommon neoplasms of Schwannian origin that can present nearly anywhere in the body, but are most commonly seen in the head and neck region. While the majority of these tumors are benign, a subset can behave aggressively and even have metastatic potential. We are reporting a case of a 35-year-old female with a history morbid obesity presenting for bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy). Upon receiving the specimen in pathology, nodular vaguely defined lesions were identified in the gastric wall. Representative sections were submitted for microscopic examination, which revealed the incidental finding of a multifocal granular cell tumor with a background of chronic gastritis. The patient has not had any regional recurrences or metastasis in the past 2 years following the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kent
- University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States
| | - David Saulino
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, United States
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5
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Boscarelli A, Ahmed Y, Schleef J, Guida E. Granular Cell Tumor (Abrikossoff's Tumor) of the Vulva in Childhood. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2024; 29:72-74. [PMID: 38405250 PMCID: PMC10883173 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_182_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) (Abrikossoff's tumors) are rare neoplasms derived from Schwann cells. Immunohistochemistry remains the most useful instrument for diagnosing GCTs. Complete surgical excision has been demonstrated to be curative for benign lesions. However, long-term follow-up in these patients is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Boscarelli
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Padua, Italy
| | - Yusuf Ahmed
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Surgery Division, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Jürgen Schleef
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Padua, Italy
- Chief of Surgical Department, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Edoardo Guida
- Department of Paediatric Surgery and Urology, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Padua, Italy
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6
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Leng X, Zou L, Huang H, Wang Y. Protrusion deviation due to intramuscular granular cell tumor of the tongue. Oral Oncol 2023; 147:106581. [PMID: 37837736 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Leng
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lulu Zou
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Hospital of Haerbin, Haerbin, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Pathology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China.
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7
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Torrado C, Camaño M, Hindi N, Ortega J, Sevillano AR, Civantos G, Moura DS, Dimino A, Martín-Broto J. Antiangiogenics in Malignant Granular Cell Tumors: Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5187. [PMID: 37958362 PMCID: PMC10650106 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors (GCT) represent 0.5% of all soft tissue sarcomas (STS), and when metastatic, they exhibit aggressive behavior and determine limited survival. Metastatic GCTs are relatively chemo-resistant; however, there is growing evidence of the benefit of using pazopanib and other targeted therapies in this histology. This is a review of the role of pazopanib and other targeted therapies in the treatment of GCTs, along with some insights on pathology and molecular biology described in GCTs. From 256 articles found in our search, 10 case-report articles met the inclusion criteria. Pazopanib was the most employed systemic therapy. The median reported time on therapy with pazopanib was seven months. Eight out of ten patients (80%) experienced disease control with pazopanib, while four out of ten (40%) patients achieved an objective RECIST response. Molecular studies suggested that antitumoral effects of pazopanib in GCT might be due to a loss-of-function of ATP6AP1/2 genes which consequently enhance signaling through several molecular pathways, such as SFKs, STAT5a/b, and PDGFR-β. Other reported targeted therapies for malignant GCTs included pazopanib in combination with crizotinib, which showed disease control for four months in one patient, and a PI3K inhibitor which achieved disease control for nine months in another patient. Dasatinib and megestrol were ineffective in two other different patients. Pazopanib has been demonstrated to be active in advanced GCTs and may be considered as a preferable treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Torrado
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Melisa Camaño
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay;
| | - Nadia Hindi
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS/FJD), 28015 Madrid, Spain; (N.H.); (J.O.); (A.R.S.); (D.S.M.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- General de Villalba University Hospital, 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - Justo Ortega
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS/FJD), 28015 Madrid, Spain; (N.H.); (J.O.); (A.R.S.); (D.S.M.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- General de Villalba University Hospital, 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto R. Sevillano
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS/FJD), 28015 Madrid, Spain; (N.H.); (J.O.); (A.R.S.); (D.S.M.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- General de Villalba University Hospital, 28400 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Civantos
- Pathology Department, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - David S. Moura
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS/FJD), 28015 Madrid, Spain; (N.H.); (J.O.); (A.R.S.); (D.S.M.)
| | - Alessandra Dimino
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Javier Martín-Broto
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS/FJD), 28015 Madrid, Spain; (N.H.); (J.O.); (A.R.S.); (D.S.M.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- General de Villalba University Hospital, 28400 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Liu JP, Song LX, Xu ZY, Wu Y, Yao XC, Li M, Du XR. Case report: Giant atypical granular cell tumor of the median nerve. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1221912. [PMID: 37840916 PMCID: PMC10570615 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1221912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors are extremely uncommon soft tissue neoplasms that mostly occur in the head and neck regions. Granular cell tumors are generally benign, asymptomatic, and rarely involve the median nerve. Due to the lack of awareness about granular cell tumors, they are easily misdiagnosed and mistreated in primary hospitals. Here, we report a giant atypical granular cell tumor located on the median nerve, approximately 12 cm in size, with unusual symptoms of median nerve damage. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a fusiform mass that was hyperintense on T2-weighted images and iso-hypointense on T1-weighted images. The mass was subsequently biopsied and found to be a granular cell tumor. The tumor was resected, and a pathological examination was performed. Pathological examination revealed necrotic foci, abundant eosinophilic granules, pustular ovoid bodies, and multiple mitoses. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells were positive for S-100, CD68, SMA, SOX-10, Calretinin, and TFE3. The integrated diagnosis was an atypical granular cell tumor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an atypical granular cell tumor involving the median nerve. Furthermore, we comprehensively reviewed the existing literature to provide a concise summary of the diagnostic criteria, imaging findings, and pathological features of granular cell tumors. Given the high recurrence and metastasis rates of this disease, granular cell tumors of the median nerve should be considered when a patient presents with symptoms of median nerve impairment. The diagnosis of atypical granular cell tumors relies on pathological examination. In addition, extensive resection and long-term follow-up are necessary to improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xin-Ru Du
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Pathology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Houcine Y, Mlika M, Moussa C, Rouis H, Brahem E, Ismail O, Maȃlej S, El Mezni F. Granular cell tumor of the lung and tracheobronchial tree: Two case-presentation with a review of the literature. Rare Tumors 2023; 15:20363613231187822. [PMID: 37456799 PMCID: PMC10338731 DOI: 10.1177/20363613231187822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary granular cells tumors (CGT) are rare tumors, that derive from Schwann cells. In the tracheobronchial and pulmonary tree, they remain a diagnostic challenge. There are no well-established criteria to differentiate between benign, atypical, and malignant GCT. Moreover, its real frequency in the respiratory tract is still unknown. Here, we represent 2 cases of bronchial and lung GCTs. We aim to highlight the frequency of all clinicopathological characteristics of this rare tumor in the tracheobronchial and pulmonary tree location based on our cases and the available literature in a large systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoldez Houcine
- Pathology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory, Ariana: LR18SP06
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis
| | - Mouna Mlika
- Pathology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory, Ariana: LR18SP06
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis
| | - Chirine Moussa
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis
- Pneumology Department 1, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Houda Rouis
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis
- Pneumology Department 1, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Emna Brahem
- Pathology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory, Ariana: LR18SP06
| | - Olfa Ismail
- Pathology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory, Ariana: LR18SP06
| | - Sonia Maȃlej
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis
- Pneumology Department 1, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Faouzi El Mezni
- Pathology Department, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory, Ariana: LR18SP06
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, El Manar University, Tunis
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10
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Zhu M, Xu H, Chen Y, Peng Y. Multimodal ultrasonography findings of extramammary granular cell tumors: Two case reports. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1136770. [PMID: 37020870 PMCID: PMC10067867 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1136770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extramammary masses are infrequently encountered in breast examinations. They may occur in the chest wall and axilla as neighbors of the breast. It is important to determine the nature of the lesion. However, some benign tumors, such as granular cell tumors (GCTs), also show malignant characteristics, which leads to misdiagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, multimodal ultrasound features of GCT have not been elucidated. We report two cases of women with GCTs encountered upon breast cancer screening; the tumor was not located in breast tissue. The first patient was a 37-year-old woman who presented with a slow-growing mass in the right breast and the GCT was located in the pectoralis major muscle. The second patient was a 52-year-old woman who presented with a palpable left axillary mass and the GCT was located in the axilla. Mammography failed to detect the masses in the two patients upon breast cancer screening. However, two-dimensional ultrasonography revealed a solid heterogeneous hypoechoic mass. Shear wave elastography showed that the masses had an increased hardness compared with the surrounding tissue. Further contrast-enhanced ultrasonography showed that the contrast patterns of the two masses were different. In case one, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography showed an inhomogeneous annular high enhancement, and the dynamic curve showed rapid enhancement and regression. In case two, contrast enhanced ultrasound showed slight enhancement around the lesion but no enhancement inside. Postoperative pathology confirmed that the GCT was benign in both cases. The patients showed no signs of recurrence at the 2-year follow-up. Here, we report two cases and present the multimodal ultrasonography findings of this tumor for the first time. Radiologists and surgeons should be aware of these imaging manifestations and include them in their differential diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujuan Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yujuan Chen, ; Yulan Peng,
| | - Yulan Peng
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yujuan Chen, ; Yulan Peng,
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Lin GY, Liu Y, Ye T, Lu XY, Gao J, Wang YZ. Granular cell tumor of the vulva: Case report and systematic review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32568. [PMID: 36595970 PMCID: PMC9803509 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the vulva is an exceptionally rare female genital tract tumor. The majority of these are benign and there are no standardized surgical techniques for the special site to reduce tension of the wound. PATIENT CONCERNS A 47-years-old Chinese woman experienced a nodule on her right vulva with itch sometimes in late 2018. DIAGNOSES Magnetic resonance imaging showed a high possibility of vulvar cancer. While Chest X-ray, abdominal sonography, and cystoscopy examination were unremarkable. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent local complete resection of vulvar tumor under general anesthesia on March 24, 2022. The resection scope was approximately 4 cm × 3 cm × 3 cm. Due to the large surgical incision, Z-plasty was performed to achieve the primary closure for decreasing wound tension and improving aesthetic reduction. OUTCOMES The final pathological diagnosis was benign GCT of the vulva and surgical margins were uninvolved. At 8 months follow-up, no new lesions were detected. LESSONS Surgery with negative resection margins is the mainstay for benign GCT of the vulva, while Z-plasty is appropriate for decreasing the tension of the wound and improving aesthetic reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yao Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yu Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yong-Zhou Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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12
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Takeda Y, Kaburaki T, Kakehashi A, Suzuki S. Granular cell tumour in the ciliary body. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:15/12/e252691. [PMID: 36581359 PMCID: PMC9806014 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-252691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumours (GCTs) are benign tumours that rarely develop in intraocular regions. We report a rare case of intraocular GCT in the ciliary body. A woman in her 20s with a history of bone marrow transplantation for malignant lymphoma in early childhood was referred to our department for bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopathy. A yellowish-white ciliary tumour was observed in the temporal periphery of the patient's left eye during routine ophthalmological examination. As the tumour enlarged, we performed total resection combined with vitrectomy, silicone oil tamponade and cataract surgery. Histopathological examination revealed tumour cells with small, round or oval nuclei with eosinophilic cytoplasm. Positive immunohistochemical staining for S-100 and vimentin led to a diagnosis of ciliary GCT. No retinal detachment, proliferative membrane formation or tumour recurrence was observed 4 years postoperatively. Intraocular GCT should be considered a differential diagnosis of ciliary tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Takeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Ika Daigaku Fuzoku Saitama Iryo Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Kaburaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Ika Daigaku Fuzoku Saitama Iryo Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kakehashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Ika Daigaku Fuzoku Saitama Iryo Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Suzuki
- Department of Ophthalmic Oncology, Kokuritsu Gan Kenkyu Center Kenkyujo, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Shi Y, Xueyan Z, Zhou Y, Zhang X. Intramuscular granular cell tumor in the sternocleidomastoid muscle: A case report and literature review. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2022:1455613221143357. [PMID: 36468452 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221143357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a rare soft-tissue neoplasm that originates from Schwann cells. Most cases occur in the subcutaneous or submucosal regions, and intramuscular GCT is even more uncommon. Herein, we describe an atypical GCT growing in the sternocleidomastoid muscle. A 41-year-old Chinese man was admitted to our hospital for a right neck mass. In magnetic resonance images, the mass showed higher signal intensity than the adjacent normal muscle on T2-weighted images and intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images. Slightly enhanced and higher signal intensity was observed in the peripheral rim on contrast-enhanced fat-sat T1-weighted images, and the "stripe sign" was evident. The tumor was completely resected, and pathological examination indicated an atypical GCT. The patient tolerated the procedure well. This is a rare case report of an intramuscular GCT from diagnosis to treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging might help diagnose such tumors, and we review different magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of intramuscular GCTs at other sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Xueyan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Gao S, Xing B, Lichao S, Luo J, Tang J, Wang Y, Zhang X. Malignant granular cell tumor in the thoracic wall: A case report. Front Oncol 2022; 12:895924. [PMID: 36203431 PMCID: PMC9531233 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.895924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a rare tumor that originates from neural/Schwann cells. GCTs can occur at any age and at any site in the body. The most common site is the tongue, followed by the mammary gland, upper respiratory tract ( throat and bronchus), and gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, large intestine and perianal area, stomach, small intestine, and bile duct). Malignant GCTs account for less than 1%–2% of all GCTs. Fewer than five GCTs in the thoracic wall have been reported, almost all of these benign. Here, we report a new case of malignant GCT of the thoracic wall, with rib invasion and pleural metastasis, in an Asian male. Microscopic examination revealed round, granular cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and without prominent atypia. Despite these findings the disease showed rapid clinical progression. In summary, the tumor, although histologically ‘benign’, was clinically ‘malignant’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Xing
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Sun Lichao
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Emergency department, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Luo
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Tang
- Department of internal medicine, China Nuclear Industry Beijing 401 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyan Zhang,
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15
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陈 学, 封 丽, 尹 高, 李 平, 钟 琦, 房 居, 张 洋. [Clinical characteristics and literature review of 12 cases of granulosa cell tumor of head and neck]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2022; 36:625-629. [PMID: 35959583 PMCID: PMC10128204 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathological features, treatment, prognostic and its influence factors of granulosa cell tumor of head and neck. Methods:The clinical medical records of 12 patients with head and neck granulosa cell tumor confirmed by pathology for diagnosis and treatment in Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were reviewed and collected. Results:The follow-up durations were 4-57 months, with a median of 23 months. The origination of twelve cases were reviewed: 3 cases of the vocal cords, 2 cases of the retroannular region, 1 cases of the ventricular bands, 1 cases of the interarytenoid region, 1 cases of the paraglottic space, 1 cases of the epiglottis, 1 cases of the soft palate, 1 cases of the ventricle of larynx, 1 cases of the trapezius muscle. All 12 patients were undergoing surgical treatment in our hospital, including one who had postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy after second operation. Conclusion:Granulosa cell tumor occurs in the head and neck, usually a benign tumor with diverse morphology, and its diagnosis is mainly based on tumor histopathological examination. Surgical local excision is used in most cases, especially minimally invasive surgery is recommended, with lower postoperative recurrence rate and better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- 学军 陈
- 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 耳 鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(北京,100730)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - 丽菲 封
- 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 耳 鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(北京,100730)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - 高菲 尹
- 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 耳 鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(北京,100730)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - 平栋 李
- 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 耳 鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(北京,100730)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - 琦 钟
- 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 耳 鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(北京,100730)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - 居高 房
- 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 耳 鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(北京,100730)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - 洋 张
- 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 耳 鼻咽喉头颈科学教育部重点实验室(北京,100730)Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100730, China
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16
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Chen YL, Zhou J, Yu HL. Esophageal granular cell tumor: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:6543-6547. [PMID: 35979306 PMCID: PMC9294910 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i19.6543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal granular cell tumor (eGCT) is a relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm of the neuroectoderm. It is derived from Schwann cells. Clinical symptoms of this disease are non-specific. However, the most common presenting symptom is dysphagia, which is mostly misdiagnosed as esophageal polyps under gastroscopy, yet it has a 2% chance of forming cancers. We report the case of a 52-year-old woman with solitary eGCT, then analysed retrospectivelyanalyze the clinical features and elucidate on the reduction of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.
CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old woman was diagnosed with “esophageal granulossoma” after esophagoscopy, which was mistaken for eGCT.
CONCLUSION eGCT diagnosis depends on characteristic pathomorphologies and detection of the S-100 protein. Endoscopic mucosal resection is the preferred therapeutic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wangdu County Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hui-Ling Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
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17
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Amphlett A. An Update on Cutaneous Granular Cell tumours for Dermatologists and Dermatopathologists. Clin Exp Dermatol 2022; 47:1916-1922. [PMID: 35727729 DOI: 10.1111/ced.15309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Granular cell tumours are rare soft tissue neoplasms which occur at a wide variety of sites and commonly involve the skin. Distinction between benign and malignant granular cell tumours is important because benign tumours are commonly cured by complete excision and malignant tumours commonly recur and cause fatal metastatic disease. Communication between the dermatologist and pathologist is also important, as the pathologist may provide false reassurance by evaluating a benign appearing part of a clinically malignant tumour. The following review summarises the current literature on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathology, radiology, treatment and prognosis of cutaneous granular cell tumours, with a focus on improving diagnosis and management for dermatologists and dermatopathologists.
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18
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Wen Q, Wu D, Tan W, Wang J. Malignant granular cell tumor of the multifidus muscle: Case report and review of the literature. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:1614-1619. [PMID: 35313566 PMCID: PMC8933725 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon soft tissue tumors characterized by cytoplasmic granular appearance of the neoplastic cells. Malignant GCTs comprise less than 2% of GCTs and are mostly found in the subcutaneous soft tissues of the lower extremities, especially the thighs. This report presents a case of malignant granular cell tumor in the right multifidus muscle. A 69-year-old woman presented to the surgeon with a 3 month history of light pain in the lumbar area and hip joint, with no particular history. CT and MRI revealed a soft tissue tumor with a maximum diameter of 7.5 cm. There is patchy unenhanced hypointense shadow in the mass. Widely excision was performed for the primary tumor, which was interpreted as an malignant GCTs. GCTs should be considered in the differential diagnosis in a rapidly growing intramuscular tumors. We investigated the CT and MRI findings of malignant granular cell tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wen
- Radiology Department, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New Area District, Shanghai, China 201203
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Pathology Department, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Tan
- Radiology Department, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New Area District, Shanghai, China 201203
| | - Jiaoyan Wang
- Radiology Department, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Pudong New Area District, Shanghai, China 201203
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19
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Srivastava P, Da Cruz Paula A, Weigelt B, Pareja F, Reis-Filho JS, Yip L, Pantanowitz L, Seethala RR. Granular cell tumor of thyroid: a case series with molecular characterization highlighting unique pitfalls. Endocrine 2022; 76:395-406. [PMID: 35175560 PMCID: PMC9332905 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Primary granular cell tumors (GCTs) of the thyroid are exceptionally rare. We report the clinicopathologic and molecular features of three cases and review the literature. Two patients (20-year-old, Case 1, and 26-year-old, Case 2, black American females) presented with painless masses with a preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) diagnosis of "Hürthle cell neoplasm," while one additional patient, 51-year-old white American female (Case 3), presented as an incidental finding within a background of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. On resection, morphologic, histochemical and immunohistochemical features were typical of GCT in all cases. Cases 1 and 2 had adequate material for molecular testing and demonstrated a clonal ATP6AP1 p.G381Vfs*15 frameshift mutation (Case 1) and a clonal ATP6AP2 p.L182Pfs*22 frameshift mutation along with a PIK3CA H1047R hotspot mutation (Case 2). All patients showed no evidence of GCT following resection (Cases 1, 3: 96-month follow-up; Case 2: 48-month follow-up). A literature review demonstrates similar clinicopathologic features and indolent course with only rare histologically or clinically aggressive outcomes. On FNAB, lesional cells are frequently miscategorized as Hürthle cells or oncocytes. In summary, GCT of the thyroid is rare but shows similar clinical, morphologic, immunophenotypic and genetic characteristics of GCT of other sites. This unusual site poses unique differential diagnostic pitfalls by mimicking other oncocytic head and neck lesions, particularly thyroid Hürthle cell neoplasms. We confirm that thyroid GCT also harbor V-ATPase component inactivating mutations that characterize these tumors, and that additional PI3K pathway alterations may not necessarily predict aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Britta Weigelt
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fresia Pareja
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Linwah Yip
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Raja R Seethala
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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20
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OUP accepted manuscript. J Surg Case Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Park J, Cho KJ, Lee J. Retinal granular cell tumor: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2021; 21:453. [PMID: 34961529 PMCID: PMC8711195 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-021-02219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To report a rare case of granular cell tumor invading the retina. Case presentation A 56-year-old female complained of blurred vision for 2 weeks in her left eye. An irregular-shaped retinal mass in the inferonasal and extending to the optic disc accompanied by dense exudation and extensive serous retinal detachment was observed. Several intravitreal bevacizumab injections were ineffective for stabilizing retinal exudation and intraocular pressure (IOP). Vitrectomy was performed to re-attach the retina and obtain a tumor biopsy specimen. Histopathological analysis revealed that the intraocular mass was a granular cell tumor. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that the tumor was positive for S100 and CD68, focal positive for neurofilaments, but negative for ERG and HMB-45. Local recurrence and distant metastasis were not found, but visual acuity had worsened to no light perception at the last visit due to uncontrolled intraocular pressure and retinal exudation after the surgery. Conclusions Granular cell tumor is a rare benign neoplasm, but it can lead to devastating visual loss if it invades the retina adjacent to the optic nerve head.
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22
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Fraser AL, Anthony BP. Granular Cell Tumor in a 13-Year-Old Girl. Cureus 2021; 13:e19199. [PMID: 34877193 PMCID: PMC8642142 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors are rare benign soft-tissue lesions that most commonly occur in the head and neck. They usually present in adulthood and are rarely seen in children. Here we present a 13-year-old girl who experienced symptoms of hoarseness of voice for most of her childhood and was unsuccessfully treated for asthma, acid reflux, allergies, and bronchitis before direct visualization revealed what was initially thought to be a vocal cord cyst. Surgical excision and pathology revealed the unexpected diagnosis of a vocal cord granular cell tumor. The patient has had resolution of dysphonia and is undergoing voice therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Fraser
- Otolaryngology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Benjamin P Anthony
- Otolaryngology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
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23
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Takeda M, Sano Y, Shigekawa S, Kitazawa R, Sugimoto R, Izutani H. Use of uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery combined with a posterior approach to resect a dumbbell-shaped mediastinal granular cell tumor: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 88:106460. [PMID: 34649074 PMCID: PMC8517829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A dumbbell-shaped mediastinal granular cell tumor has never been reported, and there have been no reports of dumbbell-shaped tumors resected with a combination of uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery and the posterior approach. Presentation of case An 18-year-old woman was diagnosed with a mediastinal dumbbell-shaped granular cell tumor by computed tomography. Complete resection was achieved via a posterior approach combined with the uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery. First, a T3 left hemilaminectomy was performed in the prone position and the tumor located inside the intervertebral foramen was removed as far as possible. Next, the patient was repositioned to the right lateral decubitus position, a 2.5-cm skin incision was made on the 4th intercostal posterior axillary line, and resection of the residual tumor was performed. Pathological diagnosis of the resected tumor revealed a benign granular cell tumor. The patient recovered post-surgery and no tumor was reported in the 4-month follow-up magnetic resonance imaging. Discussion This is the first reported case of a mediastinal dumbbell-shaped granular cell tumor and its successful resection using a combined posterior and uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery approach. Conclusion This is a potentially safe and effective procedure for mediastinal granular cell tumors, with outstanding cosmetic advantages. Our case presented with a rare mediastinal dumbbell-shaped granular cell tumor. The tumor was resected using a combined posterior and uniportal VATS approach. This is a safe and effective procedure for mediastinal dumbbell-shaped tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon City 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Sano
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon City 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Seiji Shigekawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon City 791-0295, Japan
| | - Riko Kitazawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon City 791-0295, Japan
| | - Ryujiro Sugimoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kure Kyosai Hospital, 2-3-28 Nishi-chuou, Kure City 737-8505, Japan
| | - Hironori Izutani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shitsukawa, Toon City 791-0295, Japan
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24
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Cantella R, Evola G, Di Stefano C, Trusso Zirna E, Iudica M, Piazza L. Granular cell tumor of the cecum: Case report of mini invasive surgical resection and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 87:106397. [PMID: 34534816 PMCID: PMC8450234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Granular Cell Tumor (GCT) is a rare lesion with unclear histogenesis, predominantly described as a skin lesion. Visceral localization of GCT is even more rare with few cases reported in the literature. Nowadays GCT guidelines are not available. Case presentation A 45-year-old Caucasian woman was visited in our surgical department for significant weight loss (about 30 kg) during the previous 6 months. Colonoscopy showed a caecal polypoid lesion that was resected with a diatermic loop and classified as GCT. Microscopically, the neoplasm partially involved the mucosa and diffusely the submucosa, extending to the endoscopic resection margins. Because of the high risk of perforation during endoscopic radicalisation attempt, the patient underwent ileocecal resection. The postoperative course was uneventful. Clinical discussion GCT is a rare soft tissue neoplasm probably deriving from Schwann cells. The main treatment for GCT is an endoscopic mucosal/submucosal resection. Nevertheless, a radicalization of the lesion through a surgical attempt should be preferred when the endoscopic procedure is linked to a high risk of perforation. It is important to distinguish GCT from other polypoid lesions of the colon, due to its malignant potential (about 2%) and its relapsing capacity when margins are involved. Conclusion GTC is a rare neoplasm and as its diagnosis is made only histologically, it should be included in differential diagnosis of colonic polypoid lesions. Surgery can be considered the best choice when an endoscopic attempt of GCT lesions is linked to a high risk of colon perforation. Granular Cell Tumor (GCT) is a rare lesion with unclear histogenesis. Visceral localizations are even more rare that skin lesions. GCT should be distinguished from all other polypoid lesions. GCT epidemiology is limited due to its unknown origin and rare occurrence. Some specialists recommend a surgical resection for lesions >2–5 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cantella
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Evola
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Di Stefano
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Ezio Trusso Zirna
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Marianna Iudica
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Piazza
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
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25
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Oro-Ayude M, Mesa-Álvarez L, Álvarez-Álvarez C, Feal C, González-Sixto B, Batalla A, Ramírez A, Couselo-Rodríguez C, Devesa-Múgica M, Flórez Á. Multifocal granular cell tumors in a 10-year-old boy. Pediatr Dermatol 2021; 38:1374-1376. [PMID: 34561879 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multifocal granular cell tumor is a poorly understood entity. Its importance lies in its association with several genetic disorders and the challenging distinction between multifocal and metastatic granular cell tumor. Herein, we report an unusual case of nonmalignant, multifocal, granular cell tumors affecting the skin, including the scrotum, in a 10-year-old boy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Oro-Ayude
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.,DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Laura Mesa-Álvarez
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.,DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Carlos Álvarez-Álvarez
- DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain.,Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Carlos Feal
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.,DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Beatriz González-Sixto
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.,DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Batalla
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.,DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Aquilina Ramírez
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.,DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Carmen Couselo-Rodríguez
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.,DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | - Ángeles Flórez
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.,DIPO Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Pontevedra, Spain
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Dauder Gallego C, Ruiz Zafra J, Stanescu RI, Trujillo Coronado M, Mena Rosón MA, Fahandezh-Saddi Díaz H. Granular Cell Tumor of the Hand: Unusual Malignancy of a Previous Benign Lesion: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2021; 11:01709767-202109000-00061. [PMID: 35102036 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.20.00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CASE Malignant granular cell tumors are uncommon soft-tissue tumors. We describe a granular cell tumor that presented as a benign hand nodule diagnosed by biopsy and image. The patient refused local excision. After 15 years, the patient came back because of symptomatic growth, and a malignant granular cell tumor was diagnosed, with metastatic disease. Despite surgical disarticulation and adjuvant treatment, she died after 8 months. The pathological examination revealed the tumor had progressed to malignant behavior. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of a closer follow-up. Although unusual, we must be aware of the possibility of a change of behavior from benign to malignant granular cell tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Dauder Gallego
- Department of Hand Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz Zafra
- Department of Hand Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
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Mancuso JB, Haddock ES, Tucker S, Newbury R, Hinds B, Tom WL. Congenital cutaneous non-neural granular cell tumor mimicking herpetic infection: Case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Dermatol 2021; 38:647-651. [PMID: 33738854 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of a female neonate with a cluster of six skin colored to yellowish pseudovesicular papules on her right forearm present since birth, initially thought to be a herpes simplex virus infection. Punch biopsy with immunostaining revealed a diagnosis of S100-negative, CD163-positive congenital cutaneous non-neural granular cell tumor. Only four other reports are presented in the literature of this entity, three of which also presented on the arm with somewhat similar clinical findings. We briefly reviewed the subtypes of classic and S100-negative non-neural granular cell tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen S Haddock
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne Tucker
- Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert Newbury
- Department of Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Brian Hinds
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wynnis L Tom
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Marcoval J, Bauer-Alonso A, Llobera-Ris C, Moreno-Vílchez C, Penín R, Bermejo J. Granular Cell Tumor: A Clinical Study of 81 Patients. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Papke DJ, Hornick JL. Recent developments in gastroesophageal mesenchymal tumours. Histopathology 2020; 78:171-186. [PMID: 33382494 DOI: 10.1111/his.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The pathologist's approach to gastroesophageal mesenchymal tumours has changed dramatically during the last 25 years. In particular, gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) has evolved from a wastebasket mesenchymal tumour category to a precisely defined entity with an increasingly detailed genetic subclassification. This subclassification has brought gastrointestinal mesenchymal neoplasia into the realm of precision medicine, with specific treatments optimised for particular genetic subtypes. Molecular genetic data have also greatly improved our understanding of oesophageal mesenchymal tumours, including the discovery that so-called 'giant fibrovascular polyps' in fact represent a clinically distinctive presentation of well-differentiated liposarcoma. Here, we will focus on gastroesophageal mesenchymal tumours for which there have been recent developments in classification, molecular genetics or tumour biology: granular cell tumour, 'giant fibrovascular polyp'/well-differentiated liposarcoma, plexiform fibromyxoma, gastroblastoma and, of course, GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Papke
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason L Hornick
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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31
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França JA, Gayden T, Bareke E, Santos JN, de Sousa SF, Bastos-Rodrigues L, Majewski J, Jabado N, Gomez RS, Gomes CC. Whole-exome sequencing reveals novel vacuolar ATPase genes' variants and variants in genes involved in lysosomal biology and autophagosomal formation in oral granular cell tumors. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 50:410-417. [PMID: 33289181 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare neuroectodermal soft tissue neoplasms that mainly affect the skin of the upper limbs and trunks and the oral cavity. GCTs are derived from Schwann cells and, ultrastructurally, their intracytoplasmic granules are considered autophagosomes or autophagolysosomes and are consistent with myelin accumulation. METHODS In this study, a convenience set of 22 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of oral GCTs, all but one sample located at the tongue, was screened for mutations by whole-exome (WES) or targeted sequencing. RESULTS WES revealed two novel variants in genes of the vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) complex: ATP6AP1 frameshift c.746_749del, leading to p.P249Hfs*4, and ATP6V1A non-synonymous c.G868A, leading to p.D290N. Each of these mutations occurred in one case. With regard to the samples that were wild type for these V-ATPase variants, at least two samples presented variants in genes that are part of endosomal/lysosomal/autophagosomal networks including ABCA8, ABCC6, AGAP3, ATG9A, CTSB, DNAJC13, GALC, NPC1, SLC15A3, SLC31A2, and TMEM104. CONCLUSION Although the mechanisms involved in oral GCT initiation and progression remain unclear, our results suggest that oral GCTs have V-ATPase variants similarly to GCTs from other tissues/organs, and additionally show variants in lysosomes/endosomes/autophagosomal genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Alves França
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tenzin Gayden
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eric Bareke
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean Nunes Santos
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Ferreira de Sousa
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,McGill Genome Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University and McGill University Heath Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carolina Cavalieri Gomes
- Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Marcoval J, Bauer-Alonso A, Llobera-Ris C, Moreno-Vilchez C, Penín RM, Bermejo J. Granular Cell Tumor: A Clinical Study of 81 Patients. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2020; 112:441-446. [PMID: 33253647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although a granular cell tumor (GCT) usually develops on the skin or oral mucosa, it has been described in many other organs. GCT typically presents as a solitary tumor, but multiple lesions can occur. It has also been described in association with other diseases. OBJECTIVES To describe the clinical characteristics of cutaneous and oral mucosal GCTs and explore potential associations with other diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective study of patients diagnosed with GCT at our hospital between 1995 and 2019. The following information was collected from the patients' medical records: age, sex, number of GCTs, location, diameter, time to diagnosis, tentative clinical diagnosis, surgical margin status, recurrence, follow-up time, and associated diseases. RESULTS We detected 89 cutaneous or oral mucosal GCTs in 81 patients (43 women, 38 men) with a mean age of 40.21 years. The mean tumor diameter was 1.34cm. Five of the 81 patients (6.2%) had multiple GCTs, including noncutaneous tumors. Patients with multiple GCTs were on average younger than those with a single tumor (P=.004). There was only a single case of local recurrence and no cases of distant metastasis. None of the patients had associated diseases. CONCLUSIONS Most GCTs are benign and local recurrence is uncommon, even in patients with positive margins. Nevertheless, the possibility of multiple tumors affecting the skin, oral mucosa, or internal organs should be borne in mind, especially in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marcoval
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España.
| | - A Bauer-Alonso
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | - C Llobera-Ris
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | - C Moreno-Vilchez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | - R M Penín
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | - J Bermejo
- Servicio de Cirugía Plástica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
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33
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Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors of Head and Neck: Imaging-Based Review of World Health Organization Classification. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2020; 44:928-940. [DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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34
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A Case of Synchronous Malignant and Benign Granular Cell Tumor of the Vulva. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2020; 40:460-464. [PMID: 32947331 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Granular cell tumors (GCT) are rare soft tissue neoplasms, which seldom occur in the vulva. They are more commonly benign, but malignant GCT do occur. We report a case of a 50-yr-old postmenopausal woman who presented with a vulvar lesion that was diagnosed as GCT on biopsy. Imaging and clinical examination revealed an enlarged, likely positive lymph node. Pathology of the subsequently resected total deep vulvectomy specimen showed 2 histologically distinct GCTs. The larger lesion met criteria for malignancy and histologically corresponded to metastatic deposits seen in the pelvic lymph nodes. The separate smaller lesion was histologically benign. This case illustrates a malignant GCT with a synchronous, likely benign GCT both occurring in the vulva. Our case demonstrates the application of histologic criteria in the diagnosis of malignant and benign GCT with discussion on the diagnosis and treatment of this rare tumor.
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Katiyar V, Vohra I, Uprety A, Yin W, Gupta S. Recurrent Unresectable Malignant Granular Cell Tumor With Response to Pazopanib. Cureus 2020; 12:e8287. [PMID: 32601562 PMCID: PMC7317126 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant granular cell tumors (MGCTs) are rare and aggressive variants of granular cell tumors. They usually involve the head and neck region, skin and soft tissues. There are no standard therapeutic guidelines for management; however, surgical resection, whenever feasible, is considered to be first line. We report a patient with recurrent unresectable MGCT of lower lip who responded to pazopanib monotherapy. This drug has been recently approved for the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas. It is a potent oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor and acts on multiple receptors, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR). Due to the overexpression of multiple genes by the tumor and multiple targets of this drug, it is difficult to establish the mechanism of action responsible for disease response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatsala Katiyar
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Ishaan Vohra
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Alok Uprety
- Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
| | - Wei Yin
- Internal Medicine, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan, CHN
| | - Shweta Gupta
- Hematology/Oncology, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA
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36
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Fu L, Han B, Zhou Y, Ren J, Cao W, Patel G, Kai G, Zhang J. The Anticancer Properties of Tanshinones and the Pharmacological Effects of Their Active Ingredients. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:193. [PMID: 32265690 PMCID: PMC7098175 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a common malignant disease worldwide with an increasing mortality in recent years. Salvia miltiorrhiza, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases for thousands of years. The liposoluble tanshinones in S. miltiorrhiza are important bioactive components and mainly include tanshinone IIA, dihydrodanshinone, tanshinone I, and cryptotanshinone. Previous studies showed that these four tanshinones exhibited distinct inhibitory effects on tumor cells through different molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms mainly include the inhibition of tumor cell growth, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis, apoptosis induction, cell autophagy, and antitumor immunity, and so on. In this review, we describe the latest progress on the antitumor functions and mechanisms of these four tanshinones to provide a deeper understanding of the efficacy. In addition, the important role of tumor immunology is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhi Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gopal Patel
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Mobarki M, Dumollard JM, Dal Col P, Camy F, Peoc'h M, Karpathiou G. Granular cell tumor a study of 42 cases and systemic review of the literature. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152865. [PMID: 32089415 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granular cell tumor (GCT) remains a diagnostic clinicopathologic problem because the exact frequency of its detailed morphological and clinical characteristics is unknown as most observations are collected from small series or isolated cases. Herein, our aim is to highlight the frequency of all clinicopathological characteristics of this rare tumor based in our series and the available medical (PubMed) literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS 42 cases were evaluated for: tissue layers involved by the tumor (in skin and mucosae), growth pattern, nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic index, necrosis, spindling, calcification, hyalinization, and pustule-ovoid bodies of Milian, as well as perineural and vascular invasion, and the presence of adjacent epithelium changes, and lymphocytes and eosinophils infiltration., Follow-up was analyzed. The tumors were subclassified into benign, atypical and malignant according to Fanburg-Smith criteria and into benign or GCT of uncertain malignant potential according to Nasser criteria. The same characteristics were analyzed for 1499 cases reviewed according to PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS In the current series, the mean age at diagnosis was 45.8 years (range 6-69 years). Most patients were females (60 %) and the involved organs were by descending frequency: skin and subcutaneous tissue, bronchus, esophagus, breast, tongue, larynx, pharynx, gingiva, trachea, right colon, vulva, and hypopharynx. No recurrence or progression was seen, despite 32 cases were incompletely excised, with the exception of one malignant tumor. The growth pattern was either infiltrative (85.71 %) or well limited (7.14 %). Sixteen tumors had vesicular nuclei. Mitotic activity was found in two tumors. Lymphocytic infiltration was found in 14 tumors. Eosinophils were present in 6 cases. One GCT of the right colon showed extensive calcification and hyalinization. Perineural invasion was noted in 6 lesions. No vascular invasion was found. One tumor was clinically malignant and the patient died 2 years after diagnosis. Medical literature review showed similar results in terms of frequency of the reported clinical and morphological features. Among cases with available follow up, almost 20 % showed positive margins and of those 20 % developed local recurrence. According to the Fanburg-Smith criteria, 72 % would be benign, 17 % atypical and 11 % malignant tumors, while according to those of Nasser, 93 % would be benign and 7% of uncertain malignant potential. However, true malignancy, as affirmed by metastasis of GCT is found in almost 2.5 % of the cases. CONCLUSION GCT is a usually benign tumor, affecting any anatomic location. Necrosis and mitotic activity seem to be the most effective histologic criteria for detecting aggressive tumors, but the presence of metastasis (2.5 % of the cases) remains the most accepted definitive criterion for diagnosis of malignant GCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Mobarki
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France; Department of Pathology, Facutly of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jean Marc Dumollard
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Pierre Dal Col
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Florian Camy
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Michel Peoc'h
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
| | - Georgia Karpathiou
- Department of Pathology, North Hospital, University Hospital of St-Etienne, France
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Chen SY, Sadanand A, Dillon PA, He M, Dehner LP, Leonard DS. Non-Neural (S-100 Negative) Bronchial Granular Cell Tumor Causing Acute Respiratory Failure. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2020; 39:85-89. [PMID: 31286806 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2019.1636431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Endobronchial granular cell tumors are uncommon in the pediatric population. Case report: A 9-year-old female presented with respiratory failure due to an endobronchial tumor. After debulking and diagnosis, she underwent thoracotomy with right upper lobe resection and bronchoplasty. Pathology demonstrated an endobronchial S-100 negative granular cell tumor, which to our knowledge, is the first such report in the literature. Conclusion: Endobronchial granular cell tumors may cause obstructive respiratory failure, are amenable to surgery, and may be S-100 negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Y Chen
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arhanti Sadanand
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patrick A Dillon
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mai He
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Louis P Dehner
- Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - David S Leonard
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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Lafuente Ibáñez de Mendoza I, López Ortega K, Trierveiler M, Oliveira Alves MG, Dias Almeida J, Gándara Vila P, Aguirre Urízar JM, Pérez Sayans M. Oral granular cell tumour: A multicentric study of 56 cases and a systematic review. Oral Dis 2020; 26:573-589. [PMID: 31898368 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Granular cell tumour (GCT) is a benign neoplasm that originates from Schwann cells. Within the oral cavity, it usually appears as a lingual nodule and especially amongst female adults. Histologically, GCT shows a proliferation of polygonal cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, which can be associated with a pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH). In this study, we analyse the main clinicopathological data of intraoral GCT and we compare our results with previous studies. MATERIAL AND METHODS We have studied a series of 56 cases of oral GCT in Spain and Brazil, and we have conducted a systematic review in PubMed, Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases, using the keywords: "granular cell tumour" and oral. RESULTS In our series, GCT appeared as an asymptomatic benign tumour that is more frequent in women and in the tongue. PEH was observed in 32% of the lesions. In the review, we collected 282 cases of oral GCT with a similar clinical profile; seven patients had multiple lesions, and 33% of the cases presented PEH. No cases of malignant oral GCT have been described to date. GCT is an uncommon oral benign neoplasm, mainly unique and asymptomatic, derived from Schwann cells. CONCLUSIONS Although the etiopathogenesis of this oral tumour is unknown, its characteristics suggest that it could have a reactive nature. Conducting a complete clinicopathological study in all intraoral GCT is fundamental in order to dismiss other entities, including oral carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lafuente Ibáñez de Mendoza
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Stomatology II, University of the Basque Country, Lejona, Spain
| | - Karem López Ortega
- Special Care Dentistry Centre (CAPE) and Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, University of São Paulo School of Dentistry (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marília Trierveiler
- Special Care Dentistry Centre (CAPE) and Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, University of São Paulo School of Dentistry (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Pilar Gándara Vila
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, MedOralRes Group, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Aguirre Urízar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Stomatology II, University of the Basque Country, Lejona, Spain
| | - Mario Pérez Sayans
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, MedOralRes Group, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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40
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Kim BG, Song JY, Zo S, Im Y, Choi S, Han J, Jeong BH, Kim H. S-100-Negative malignant pulmonary granular cell tumor: A case report. Respir Med Case Rep 2020; 29:101002. [PMID: 32015959 PMCID: PMC6992531 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pulmonary granular cell tumor (GCT) is extremely rare and difficult to distinguish from benign GCT. Most GCTs are neural-type and express S-100. However, a small subset of tumors sub-classified as the non-neural type do not express S-100. We report a case of malignant non-neural-type GCT in the lungs. A 77-year-old woman felt chest discomfort and dyspnea in July 2019. She had never smoked and had no medical history other than hypertension and diabetes mellitus. She was initially evaluated at a local hospital. Flexible bronchoscopy showed total occlusion of the right main bronchus by a mass-like lesion. Biopsy of the mass lesion revealed chronic inflammation. The patient visited for re-evaluation in September 2019. Rigid bronchoscopy showed worsening of the total obstruction of the right main bronchus by a tumor mass, such that the carina was not visible. Additionally, endobronchial nodules were observed on the medial side of left main bronchus. The tumor masses of both main bronchi were removed by bronchoscopic intervention, but the right main bronchus was not opened. Biopsy revealed malignant GCT, favoring the non-neuronal type (S-100-negative). We report an extremely rare case of malignant pulmonary GCT negative for S-100 in immunohistochemistry. In this case, surgical resection was not possible because the tumor was diagnosed at a fairly advanced stage and had spread to involve the contralateral main bronchus. The patient chose to be treated at another hospital and was thereafter lost to follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Guen Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Yeun Song
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungmin Zo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunjoo Im
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangjoon Choi
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joungho Han
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ho Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hojoong Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Meani F, Di Lascio S, Wandschneider W, Montagna G, Vitale V, Zehbe S, Harder Y, Parvex SL, Spina P, Canonica C, Generali D, Pagani O. Granular cell tumor of the breast: a multidisciplinary challenge. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 144:102828. [PMID: 31710955 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.102828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors are rare soft tissue tumors; they are almost never malignant, but can mimic a carcinoma clinically, radiologically and microscopically. The finding of a suspicious lump often entails subsequent diagnostic procedures that can pose significant anxiety on patients before reaching a challenging differential diagnosis. The physical and psychological burden is even more significant when such findings occur during the follow up of a previous oncologic condition. Sometimes the fear for a potential local or distant recurrence can be responsible for a misdiagnosis and lead to patient overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Meani
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Ospedale Italiano di Lugano, Via Pietro Capelli 1, 6962, Viganello, Ticino, Switzerland.
| | - Simona Di Lascio
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Medical Oncology, Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana (IOSI), Ospedale Italiano di Lugano, Via Pietro Capelli 1, 6962, Viganello, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Wiebke Wandschneider
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Ospedale Italiano di Lugano, Via Pietro Capelli 1, 6962, Viganello, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Montagna
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Ospedale Italiano di Lugano, Via Pietro Capelli 1, 6962, Viganello, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Valerio Vitale
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Ospedale Italiano di Lugano, Via Pietro Capelli 1, 6962, Viganello, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Zehbe
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Ospedale San Giovanni, via Ospedale 12, 6500, Bellinona, Switzerland
| | - Yves Harder
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Reconstuctive and Plastic Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Ospedale Italiano di Lugano, Via Pietro Capelli 1, 6962, Viganello, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Leoni Parvex
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Istituto di Patologia Cantonale, via Selva 24, 6600, Locarno, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Spina
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Istituto di Patologia Cantonale, via Selva 24, 6600, Locarno, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Canonica
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Ospedale Italiano di Lugano, Via Pietro Capelli 1, 6962, Viganello, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Generali
- Department of Medical Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Olivia Pagani
- Centro di Senologia della Svizzera Italiana (CSSI), Deparment of Medical Oncology, Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana (IOSI), Ospedale Italiano di Lugano, Via Pietro Capelli 1, 6962, Viganello, Ticino, Switzerland; Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Harris L, Shoakazemi A, Pollock J. Granular cell tumour of the cavernous sinus: A rare cause of secondary trigeminal neuralgia. Br J Neurosurg 2019:1-5. [PMID: 31650863 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2019.1673314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cavernous sinus tumours comprise 0.1-0.2% of all intracranial tumours, and are most commonly meningiomas or schwannomas. Central nervous system and cranial nerve granular cell tumours (GCTs) are extremely rare. We report the tenth case of a GCT arising from a cranial nerve, and the second case reported in a cavernous sinus location, and review the literature. Clinical presentation: A 67-year-old man presented with right sided trigeminal neuralgia. Imaging findings suggested a trigeminal schwannoma and he was treated with CyberKnife radiosurgery. Over a period of 41 months follow up, there was a progression in both symptoms and imaging findings, requiring debulking surgery. Histopathology identified a GCT. Conclusions: This is the first case of a cranial nerve GCT treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Trigeminal nerve GCTs are a rare differential in cases of presumed schwannomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen's Hospital , Romford , UK
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Liu Y, Zheng Q, Wang C, Wang J, Ming J, Zhang Y, Li X, Cho WCS, Wang L, Li QC, Qiu XS, Wang EH. Granular cell tumors overexpress TFE3 without gene rearrangement: Evaluation of immunohistochemistry and break-apart FISH in 45 cases. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6355-6360. [PMID: 31788112 PMCID: PMC6865705 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor E3 (TFE3) is a useful marker for tumors with Xp11.2 translocation, including alveolar soft part sarcoma and renal cell carcinoma. Recently, TFE3 overexpression was also found in granular cell tumors (GrCTs). However, the case cohorts of these two studies were limited to only 11 and 6 cases. Whether aberrant TFE3 expression is a common feature of Asian patients with GrCT requires further investigation. In the present study, immunohistochemical staining and TFE3 break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay were performed in 45 samples of GrCTs obtained from Chinese patients recruited from three medical centers in northeast China. Diffusive and marked nuclear staining for TFE3 was identified in 11/45 (24%) cases, which was lower than previously reported. Focal or weak TFE3 staining was identified in 13/45 (29%) cases. The remaining 21 cases were negative stained. In addition, GrCTs in subcutaneous tissue exhibited a relatively higher ratio (8/45, 18%) for TFE3 expression, compared with those in other sites. Furthermore, according to FISH data, no rearrangement or amplification of TFE3 was identified in these cases, whether they were positively or negatively stained for TFE3. The results from the present study demonstrated that part of patients GrCTs exhibited TFE3 overexpression, which suggested that this may not be derived from gene rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ming
- Department of Pathology, The 202nd Hospital of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110003, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - William Chi-Shing Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Chang Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Shan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - En-Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Tamiolakis P, Chrysomali E, Sklavounou-Andrikopoulou A, Nikitakis NG. Oral neural tumors: Clinicopathologic analysis of 157 cases and review of the literature. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 11:e721-e731. [PMID: 31598201 PMCID: PMC6776406 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral neural tumors (ONTs) are rare lesions and represent reactive or neoplastic proliferations of nerve sheath cells. The purpose of the present study is to report the clinical, demographic and histopathologic features of 157 ONTs diagnosed in a single Oral Pathology Department and review the pertinent literature. Material and Methods 157 cases of ONTs diagnosed during a 44-year period were retrospectively collected and the diagnosis was reconfirmed by studying representative haematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections. The patients’ gender and age, as well as the main clinical features of the lesions, were retrieved from the biopsy submission forms. Results The 157 ONTs represented approximately 0.4% of 35,590 biopsies accessioned during the study period. They affected 71 male and 86 female patients with a mean age of 38.4±18.8 years. They mainly appeared as asymptomatic nodules of normal or white colour on the tongue, lip mucosa and hard palate. The most common ONT was granular cell tumour (38.9%) followed by neurofibroma (19.7%), schwannoma (15.9%), traumatic neuroma (15.9%), palisaded encapsulated neuroma (8.3%) and nerve sheath myxoma (1.3%). Conclusions This study confirmed the rarity of ONTs. Their clinical characteristics mimic other oral lesions; thus, microscopic examination is the only mean to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. Key words:Oral neural tumors; oral neural neoplasms; neurofibroma; oral neurofibroma; schwannoma; oral schwannoma; neurilemmoma; oral neurilemmoma; granular cell tumor; oral granular cell tumor; traumatic neuroma; oral traumatic neuroma; palisaded encapsulated neuroma; oral palisaded encapsulated neuroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paris Tamiolakis
- DDS, MSc, Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Evanthia Chrysomali
- DDS, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Sklavounou-Andrikopoulou
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos G Nikitakis
- MD, DDS, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Granular Cell Tumor in a Horse: Multifocal Pulmonary Distribution and Evidence of Autophagy in Tumorigenesis. J Equine Vet Sci 2019; 79:23-29. [PMID: 31405495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a soft tissue neoplasm characterized by abundant intracellular eosinophilic granules. The majority of GCTs are benign, although some display malignant behavior. Furthermore, GCTs may mimic other neoplasms. The clinical course and biology of GCTs are poorly understood. Regarding the histogenesis of GCT, a Schwann cell origin is currently favored in light of immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses. However, based on literature data, some of the primitive GCTs show non-neural origin; therefore, the histogenesis of this tumor has remained enigmatic. Granular cell tumors can arise in almost any location of the body and typically present as solitary lesions. This study illustrates equine primary GCT with multifocal pulmonary distribution. The presence of GCT in the respiratory tract becomes a diagnostic challenge on initial presentation. The morphologic details of this case are presented. Immunohistochemical evaluation confirmed the neuronal origin of equine GCT and the relation of intracytoplasmic granules formation to an autophagy phenomenon. Most of the discussion is related to GCT nature to help characterize molecular aspects associated with the biological behavior of this tumor and its heterogeneity.
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Yang J, Ren X, Chen Y. Granular cell tumor presenting as an intraocular mass: a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2019; 19:97. [PMID: 31023279 PMCID: PMC6482534 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-019-1102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granular cell tumor (GCT) can arise in any location in the body and present as a solitary, slow-growing, painless mass. However, GCT rarely affects the orbit. We report a Chinese girl who presented with an intraocular mass, and in whom a biopsy led to a diagnosis of GCT. CASE PRESENTATION A 5-year-old Chinese girl exhibited exotropia in her right eye for 2 years and had been losing her vision for 6 months. The visual acuity in the right eye revealed no light perception. A fundus examination showed a large, yellowish-white, elevated, subretinal mass lesion in front of and inferior to the disc, with hemi-inferior-quadrant retinal detachment. The retina was greyish-yellow with scattered yellow spots. A vitrectomy with neoplasm resection was performed. A histopathologic examination revealed a GCT. The tumor cells were positive for CD68, NSE, S-100, and CD163 expression but negative for GFAP, Syn, and CD123 expression. The Ki-67 index was 1%. The right eye remained stable with visual acuity of no light perception at a 2-years follow-up. CONCLUSION Intraocular GCT can present as a yellow-white solid mass with no calcification. Although intraocular GCT is very rare, it can lead to devastating visual loss. Intraocular GCT should be kept in mind and considered in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinyu Ren
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Youxin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Mir F, Alnajar H, Rohra P, Naumaan A, Cheng L, Gattuso P. Metastatic granular cell tumor to the breast diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology: A case report with review of the literature. Diagn Cytopathol 2018; 47:226-229. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.24060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Mir
- Department of PathologyRush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois
| | - Hussein Alnajar
- Department of PathologyEvanston Hospital, NorthShore University Health System Evanston Illinois
| | - Prih Rohra
- Department of PathologyRush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois
| | - Anam Naumaan
- Department of PathologyRush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of PathologyRush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois
| | - Paolo Gattuso
- Department of PathologyRush University Medical Center Chicago Illinois
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48
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Yagnik L, Harryanto H, Koay MHE, Dessauvagie B, Salamonsen M. Multi-focal, multi-centric granular cell tumours: a management dilemma. Respirol Case Rep 2018; 6:e00359. [PMID: 30128154 PMCID: PMC6095722 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumours (GCT) are uncommon, usually solitary tumours of neural/Schwann cell origin that occur at any site of the body, and typically run an indolent clinical course. Treatment by excision is recommended. Distant or nodal metastases are the only reliable signs of malignancy. We describe the case of a 47-year-old woman with a multi-focal, multi-centric GCT involving the pulmonary and gastrointestinal systems, highlighting the imaging and pathological features and the challenge faced in establishing its malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Yagnik
- Department of Respiratory medicineFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochWAAustralia
| | - Hilman Harryanto
- Department of Respiratory medicineFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochWAAustralia
| | | | - Ben Dessauvagie
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine WAFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochWAAustralia
| | - Matthew Salamonsen
- Department of Respiratory medicineFiona Stanley HospitalMurdochWAAustralia
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Moten AS, Zhao H, Wu H, Farma JM. Malignant granular cell tumor: Clinical features and long-term survival. J Surg Oncol 2018; 118:891-897. [PMID: 30196562 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant granular cell tumor GCT (mGCT) has not been well described. We sought to investigate associations between tumor characteristics, treatments and survival. METHODS Patients diagnosed with mGCT years 1995-2014 were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Descriptive statistics regarding tumor and treatment characteristics were calculated. Chi-square tests determined associations between tumor location and features. Survival analyses included Kaplan-Meier functions and Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR). RESULTS Of 113 patients included, median age was 54 years and 77.0% were female. Frequent tumor sites included soft tissues (36.3%), ovary/testis (16.8%), and skin (11.5%). Median tumor size was 4.0 cm. Metastases to regional lymph nodes (12.5%) and distant sites (11.4%) occurred. Treatments included surgery (85.0%), radiotherapy (12.4%) and chemotherapy (8.9%). Overall five and 10-year cause-specific survival was 74.3% and 65.2%, respectively. Survival was worse for patients with tumors >5 cm compared to those with tumors ≤5 cm (HR = 34.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.57-450.17), and patients with metastasis (HR = 15.25; 95% CI: 1.19-195.72) compared with those without metastasis. Patients who underwent surgery had superior survival than those who did not (HR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.05-0.34). CONCLUSIONS Particular tumor features and treatments are associated with superior survival. This information may be used to more accurately estimate prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambria S Moten
- Department of Surgery, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey M Farma
- Department of Surgery, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Loss-of-function mutations in ATP6AP1 and ATP6AP2 in granular cell tumors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3533. [PMID: 30166553 PMCID: PMC6117336 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare tumors that can arise in multiple anatomical locations, and are characterized by abundant intracytoplasmic granules. The genetic drivers of GCTs are currently unknown. Here, we apply whole-exome sequencing and targeted sequencing analysis to reveal mutually exclusive, clonal, inactivating somatic mutations in the endosomal pH regulators ATP6AP1 or ATP6AP2 in 72% of GCTs. Silencing of these genes in vitro results in impaired vesicle acidification, redistribution of endosomal compartments, and accumulation of intracytoplasmic granules, recapitulating the cardinal phenotypic characteristics of GCTs and providing a novel genotypic–phenotypic correlation. In addition, depletion of ATP6AP1 or ATP6AP2 results in the acquisition of oncogenic properties. Our results demonstrate that inactivating mutations of ATP6AP1 and ATP6AP2 are likely oncogenic drivers of GCTs and underpin the genesis of the intracytoplasmic granules that characterize them, providing a genetic link between endosomal pH regulation and tumorigenesis. Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are rare tumors that arise in multiple anatomical locations. Here, the authors investigate the genomics of GCTs, finding inactivating somatic mutations in ATP6AP1 or ATP6AP2 in 72% of the 82 GCTs analyzed. In vitro manipulation of these genes recapitulated GCT phenotypes in cellular models.
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