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Zhou Q, Chen Y, Zhou C, Wang J. Long-term motor training enhances functional connectivity between semantic and motor regions in an effector-specific manner: evidence from elite female football athletes. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:1447-1459. [PMID: 38814332 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The relation between the action verb semantic processing and sensorimotor experience remains controversial. In this study, we examined whether plasticity changes in brain are specifically related to semantic processing of foot action verbs when long-term motor training is mainly aimed at the foot. To address this question, we acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans and behavioral data from a verb two-choice task from female expertise football players and football novices. We compared the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) differences between experts and novices using motor execution regions and general semantic regions (left anterior temporal lobe, lATL) as seed, and explored the neural correlates of behavioral performance. Here, the drift rate (v) parameter of the drift diffusion model (DDM) was used to capture the semantic processing capability. We found experts showed increased correlation between lATL subregions and important brain regions for motor processing, including supplementary motor area (SMA), bilateral paracentral lobule (PL), superior parietal lobule and inferior parietal lobule, in contrast to novices. Further predictive model analysis showed the FC found in rsFC analysis can significantly predict drift rate of foot action verb in both experts and novices, but not drift rate of hand action verb. Our findings therefore establish a connection between effector-related semantic processing and the plasticity changes in brain functional connectivity, attributable to long-term foot-related motor training. This provides evidence supporting the view that semantic processing is fundamentally rooted in the sensorimotor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingcan Zhou
- Department of Sports Industry, Graduate School of Sports Industry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 142820, South Korea
| | - Yanzhang Chen
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
- Center for Exercise and Brain Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
- Center for Exercise and Brain Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Sport Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Exercise and Brain Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Lee S, Won Y, Kim M. Effect of Korean Red Ginseng on the motor performance and ataxia. J Ginseng Res 2024; 48:425-427. [PMID: 39036735 PMCID: PMC11258376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents a preliminary exploration into the effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) on the cerebellum in individuals with cerebellar atrophy. Over a three month-long period, nine subjects received a 4.5g of KRG daily, with assessments including the ARS, ADAS-Cog, and FDG-PET/CT scans. Results revealed a notable improvement in ataxia and cognitive function without a significant correlation between them. PET/CT scans and SUVR analyses supported these findings, showing an increase in cerebellar glucose uptake after KRG intake. These outcomes suggest a potential pleiotropic effect of KRG on cerebellar function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyun Lee
- Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeri Won
- Biological Sciences Collegiate Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Manho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Dementia, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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3
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Nusbaum F, Hannoun S, Barile B, Suprano I, Mouchet S, Sappey-Marinier D. Personal Income Performance Correlates with Brain Structural Network Modularity but Not Intelligence Quotient. Brain Connect 2024; 14:284-293. [PMID: 38848246 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study aims to use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in conjunction with brain graph techniques to define brain structural connectivity and investigate its association with personal income (PI) in individuals of various ages and intelligence quotients (IQ). Methods: MRI examinations were performed on 55 male subjects (mean age: 40.1 ± 9.4 years). Graph data and metrics were generated, and DTI images were analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). All subjects underwent the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale for a reliable estimation of the full-scale IQ (FSIQ), which includes verbal comprehension index, perceptual reasoning index, working memory index, and processing speed index. The performance score was defined as the monthly PI normalized by the age of the subject. Results: The analysis of global graph metrics showed that modularity correlated positively with performance score (p = 0.003) and negatively with FSIQ (p = 0.04) and processing speed index (p = 0.005). No significant correlations were found between IQ indices and performance scores. Regional analysis of graph metrics showed modularity differences between right and left networks in sub-cortical (p = 0.001) and frontal (p = 0.044) networks. TBSS analysis showed greater axial and mean diffusivities in the high-performance group in correlation with their modular brain organization. Conclusion: This study showed that PI performance is strongly correlated with a modular organization of brain structural connectivity, which implies short and rapid networks, providing automatic and unconscious brain processing. Additionally, the lack of correlation between performance and IQ suggests a reduced role of academic reasoning skills in performance to the advantage of high uncertainty decision-making networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Nusbaum
- Health Systemic Process (P2S), UR 4129, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Salem Hannoun
- Medical Imaging Sciences Program, Division of Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Berardino Barile
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1294, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon1, INSA-Lyon, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ilaria Suprano
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1294, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon1, INSA-Lyon, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sabine Mouchet
- Service de Psychiatrie Légale - Pôle Santé Mentale des Détenus et Psychiatrie Légale, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Dominique Sappey-Marinier
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1294, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon1, INSA-Lyon, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
- CERMEP-Imagerie du Vivant, Université de Lyon, Bron, France
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4
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Cao B, Guo Y, Lu M, Wu X, Deng F, Wang J, Huang R. The long-term intensive gymnastic training influences functional stability and integration: A resting-state fMRI study. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 74:102678. [PMID: 38821251 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term motor skill training has been shown to induce anatomical and functional neuroplasticity. World class gymnasts (WCGs) provide a unique opportunity to investigate the effect of long-term intensive training on neuroplasticity. Previous resting-state fMRI studies have demonstrated a high efficient information processing related to motor and cognitive functions in gymnasts compared with healthy controls (HCs). However, most research treated brain signals as static, overlooking the fact that the brain is a complex and dynamic system. In this study, we employed functional stability, a new metric based on dynamic functional connectivity (FC), to examine the impact of long-term intensive training on the functional architecture in the WCGs. METHODS We first conducted a voxel-wise analysis of functional stability between the WCGs and HCs. Then, we applied FC density (FCD) to explore whether regions with modified functional stability were also accompanied by changes in connection patterns in the WCGs. We identified overlapping regions showing significant differences in both functional stability and FCD. Finally, we applied seed-based correlation analysis (SCA) to determine the detailed changes in connection patterns between the WCGs and HCs within these overlapping regions. RESULTS Compared with the HCs, the WCGs exhibited higher functional stability in the bilateral angular gyrus (AG), bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), bilateral precentral gyrus, and right superior frontal gyrus and lower functional stability in the bilateral hippocampus, bilateral caudate, right rolandic operculum, left superior temporal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right middle cingular cortex, and right precuneus than the HCs. We found that the bilateral AG and ITG not only showed higher functional stability but also increased global and long-range FCD in the WCGs relative to the HCs. The right precuneus displayed lower functional stability as well as decreased local, long-range, and global FCD in the WCGs. Both AG and ITG showed higher FC with regions in the default mode network (DMN) in the WCGs than in the HCs. CONCLUSIONS The increased functional stability in the AG and ITG might be associated with enhanced functional integration within the DMN in the WCGs. These findings may offer new spatiotemporal evidence for the impact of long-term intensive training on neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Cao
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Guo
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Deng
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li J, Cao Y, Huang M, Li Z, Qin Z, Lang J. The alterations of functional brain networks and its relationship with sport decision-making and training duration in soccer players across different skill levels. Neurosci Lett 2024; 831:137788. [PMID: 38642882 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Studies have indicated that skilled soccer players possess superior decision-making abilities compared to their less-skilled counterparts. However, the underlying neural mechanism for this phenomenon remains incompletely understood. In our investigation, we explored distinctions in the topology of functional brain networks between skilled and less-skilled soccer players. Employing mediating analysis, we scrutinized the relationships among functional brain network parameters, training duration, and decision-making accuracy. Our findings revealed that skilled soccer players demonstrated significantly higher decision-making accuracy compared to their less-skilled counterparts. Skilled players also exhibited increased values in the cluster coefficient, characteristic path length and local efficiency but lower global efficiency. Moreover, we observed enhanced functional brain connectivity within the occipital and cingulo-opercular networks, as well as between the fronto-parietal and cingulo-opercular networks in skilled soccer players. Cluster coefficient and functional connectivity between fronto-parietal and cingulo-opercular networks had positive mediating effects on the association between training duration and sport decision-making accuracy. In conclusion, our study provides initial evidence for distinctions in functional brain network parameters between soccer players with varying skill levels and their relationship with sport decision-making accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Li
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yaping Cao
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Minghao Huang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Northwest Normal University, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Zhongcheng Li
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhe Qin
- College of P.E. and Sports, Northwest Normal University, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jian Lang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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6
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Zhang JP, Zhu P, Cai ZL, Xing XX, Wu JJ, Zheng MX, Hua XY, Gong BM, Xu JG. Sports promote brain evolution: a resting-state fMRI study of volleyball athlete. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1393988. [PMID: 38756186 PMCID: PMC11098564 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1393988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term skill learning can lead to structure and function changes in the brain. Different sports can trigger neuroplasticity in distinct brain regions. Volleyball, as one of the most popular team sports, heavily relies on individual abilities such as perception and prediction for high-level athletes to excel. However, the specific brain mechanisms that contribute to the superior performance of volleyball athletes compared to non-athletes remain unclear. Method We conducted a study involving the recruitment of ten female volleyball athletes and ten regular female college students, forming the athlete and novice groups, respectively. Comprehensive behavioral assessments, including Functional Movement Screen and audio-visual reaction time tests, were administered to both groups. Additionally, resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired for both groups. Subsequently, we conducted in-depth analyses, focusing on the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and functional connectivity (FC) in the brain for both the athlete and novice groups. Results No significant differences were observed in the behavioral data between the two groups. However, the athlete group exhibited noteworthy enhancements in both the ALFF and ReHo within the visual cortex compared to the novice group. Moreover, the functional connectivity between the visual cortex and key brain regions, including the left primary sensory cortex, left supplementary motor cortex, right insula, left superior temporal gyrus, and left inferior parietal lobule, was notably stronger in the athlete group than in the novice group. Conclusion This study has unveiled the remarkable impact of volleyball athletes on various brain functions related to vision, movement, and cognition. It indicates that volleyball, as a team-based competitive activity, fosters the advancement of visual, cognitive, and motor skills. These findings lend additional support to the early cultivation of sports talents and the comprehensive development of adolescents. Furthermore, they offer fresh perspectives on preventing and treating movement-related disorders. Trial registration Registration number: ChiCTR2400079602. Date of Registration: January 8, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Peng Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering ResearchCenter of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeng-Liang Cai
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Xin Xing
- Engineering ResearchCenter of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Engineering ResearchCenter of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mou-Xiong Zheng
- Engineering ResearchCenter of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Yun Hua
- Engineering ResearchCenter of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo-Min Gong
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Engineering ResearchCenter of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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7
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Amoruso L, García AM, Pusil S, Timofeeva P, Quiñones I, Carreiras M. Decoding bilingualism from resting-state oscillatory network organization. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1534:106-117. [PMID: 38419368 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Can lifelong bilingualism be robustly decoded from intrinsic brain connectivity? Can we determine, using a spectrally resolved approach, the oscillatory networks that better predict dual-language experience? We recorded resting-state magnetoencephalographic activity in highly proficient Spanish-Basque bilinguals and Spanish monolinguals, calculated functional connectivity at canonical frequency bands, and derived topological network properties using graph analysis. These features were fed into a machine learning classifier to establish how robustly they discriminated between the groups. The model showed excellent classification (AUC: 0.91 ± 0.12) between individuals in each group. The key drivers of classification were network strength in beta (15-30 Hz) and delta (2-4 Hz) rhythms. Further characterization of these networks revealed the involvement of temporal, cingulate, and fronto-parietal hubs likely underpinning the language and default-mode networks (DMNs). Complementary evidence from a correlation analysis showed that the top-ranked features that better discriminated individuals during rest also explained interindividual variability in second language (L2) proficiency within bilinguals, further supporting the robustness of the machine learning model in capturing trait-like markers of bilingualism. Overall, our results show that long-term experience with an L2 can be "brain-read" at a fine-grained level from resting-state oscillatory network organization, highlighting its pervasive impact, particularly within language and DMN networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Amoruso
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adolfo M García
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Pusil
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Polina Timofeeva
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), San Sebastian, Spain
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ileana Quiñones
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Manuel Carreiras
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
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8
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Yan S, Zhao G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Bai X, Jin H. Altered resting-state brain function in endurance athletes. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae076. [PMID: 38494416 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research has confirmed significant differences in regional brain activity and functional connectivity between endurance athletes and non-athletes. However, no studies have investigated the differences in topological efficiency of the brain functional network between endurance athletes and non-athletes. Here, we compared differences in regional activities, functional connectivity, and topological properties to explore the functional basis associated with endurance training. The results showed significant correlations between Regional Homogeneity in the motor cortex, visual cortex, cerebellum, and the training intensity parameters. Alterations in functional connectivity among the motor cortex, visual cortex, cerebellum, and the inferior frontal gyrus and cingulate gyrus were significantly correlated with training intensity parameters. In addition, the graph theoretical analysis results revealed a significant reduction in global efficiency among athletes. This decline is mainly caused by decreased nodal efficiency and nodal local efficiency of the cerebellar regions. Notably, the sensorimotor regions, such as the precentral gyrus and supplementary motor areas, still exhibit increased nodal efficiency and nodal local efficiency. This study not only confirms the improvement of regional activity in brain regions related to endurance training, but also offers novel insights into the mechanisms through which endurance athletes undergo changes in the topological efficiency of the brain functional network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Yan
- School of Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Guang Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Qihan Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Liqing Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xuejun Bai
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
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9
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Li J, Huang M, Cao Y, Qin Z, Lang J. Long-term Intensive Soccer Training Induced Dynamic Reconfiguration of Brain Network. Neuroscience 2023; 530:133-143. [PMID: 37640136 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Long-term motor skill learning has been shown to impact the functional plasticity of the brain. Athletes, as a unique population, exhibit remarkable adaptive changes in the static properties of their brain networks. However, studying the differences between expert and novice athletes using a dynamic brain network framework can provide a fresh perspective on how motor skill learning affects the functional organization of the brain. In this study, we investigated the dynamic properties of brain networks in expert and novice soccer players at the whole-brain, network, and region-based levels. Our findings revealed that expert soccer players displayed reduced integration and increased segregation at the whole-brain level. As for network level, experts exhibited increased segregation and reduced flexibility in the visual network, enhanced integration between the visual and ventral attention networks, and decreased integration in the subcortical-sensorimotor and subcortical-cerebellar networks. Additionally, specific brain regions within the visual network exhibited greater recruitment in expert soccer players compared to novices at the nodal level. Furthermore, classification analyses demonstrated the critical role played by the visual network in the classification process. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into the dynamic properties of brain networks in expert and novice soccer players, and suggests that reduced integration and increased segregation in the visual network may be neuroimaging marker that distinguish expert soccer players from novices. Our findings may have implications for the training and development of athletes and advance our understanding of how motor skill learning affects brain functional organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Li
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Minghao Huang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yaping Cao
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Zhe Qin
- College of P.E. and Sports, Northwest Normal University, Gansu 730070, China.
| | - Jian Lang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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10
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Cao L, Li L, Huang Z, Xia F, Huang R, Ma Y, Qin Y, Wu J, Tong L, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Ren Z. Functional network segregation is associated with higher functional connectivity in endurance runners. Neurosci Lett 2023; 812:137401. [PMID: 37460055 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have identified significant differences in brain structure, function, and connectivity between endurance runners and healthy controls. However, the topological organization of large-scale functional brain networks remains unexplored in endurance runners. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, this study examined the differences in the topological organization of functional networks between endurance runners (n = 22) and healthy controls (n = 20). Endurance runners had significantly higher clustering coefficients in the whole-brain functional network than healthy controls, but the two did not differ regarding the shortest path length or small-world index. Using network-based statistics, we identified one subnetwork in endurance runners with higher functional connectivity than healthy controls, and the mean functional connectivity of the subnetwork significantly correlated with the three aforementioned small-world parameters. In this subnetwork, the mean clustering coefficient of nodes associated with short-range connections was higher in endurance runners than in healthy controls, but the mean clustering coefficient of nodes associated with long-range connections did not differ between the two groups. In conclusion, using graph theoretical approaches, we revealed significant differences in the topological organization of the whole-brain functional network and functional connectivity between endurance runners and healthy controls. The relationship between these two features suggests that a more segregated network may arise from the optimization of the identified subnetwork in endurance runners. These findings are possibly the neural basis underlying the good performance of endurance runners in endurance running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Lunxiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zitong Huang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Fengguang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, China; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yudan Ma
- School of Public Teaching, Shanwei Institute of Technology, Shanwei 516600, China
| | - Yifan Qin
- College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinlong Wu
- College of physical education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Tong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuanchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Zhanbing Ren
- College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Li W, Ding S, Zhao G. Static and dynamic topological organization of brain functional connectome in acute mild traumatic brain injury. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:1175-1183. [PMID: 35765198 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221109897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies have detected topological changes of brain functional networks in patients with acute mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, the alterations of dynamic topological characteristics in mTBI have been scarcely elucidated. PURPOSE To evaluate static and dynamic functional connectivity topological networks in patients with acute mTBI using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 55 patients with acute mTBI and 55 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. All participants underwent resting-state fMRI scans, and data were analyzed using graph-theory methods and a sliding window approach. Post-traumatic cognitive performance and resting-state fMRI data were collected within one week after injury. Static and dynamic functional connectivity patterns were determined by independent component analysis. Spearman's correlation analysis was further performed between fMRI changes and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores. RESULTS Global efficiency was lower (P = 0.02), and local efficiency (P < 0.001) and mean Cp (P < 0.001) were higher in patients with acute mTBI than in HCs. Local efficiency was correlated with visuospatial/executive performance (r = -0.421; P = 0.002) in patients with acute mTBI. Significant differences in nodal efficiency and node degree centrality (P < 0.01) were found between the mTBI and HC groups. For dynamic properties, patients with mTBI showed higher variance (P = 0.016) in global efficiency than HCs. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that patients with mTBI have abnormal brain functional connectome topology, especially the dynamic graph theory characteristics, which provide new insights into the role of topological network properties in patients with acute mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Li
- Department of Radiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shaohua Ding
- Department of Radiology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guoqian Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital of Danyang, Danyang, Jiangsu, PR China
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12
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Chen YH, Chang CY, Yen NS, Tsai SY. Brain plasticity of structural connectivity networks and topological properties in baseball players with different levels of expertise. Brain Cogn 2023; 166:105943. [PMID: 36621186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2022.105943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Brain plasticity in structural connectivity networks along the development of expertise has remained largely unknown. To address this, we recruited individuals with three different levels of baseball-playing experience: skilled batters (SB), intermediate batters (IB), and healthy controls (HC). We constructed their structural connectivity networks using diffusion tractography and compared their region-to-region structural connections and the topological characteristics of the constructed networks using graph-theoretical analysis. The group differences were detected in 35 connections predominantly involving sensorimotor and visual systems; the intergroup changes could be depicted either in a stepwise (HC < / = IB < / = SB) or a U-/inverted U-shaped manner as experience increased (IB < SB and/or HC, or opposite). All groups showed small-world topology in their constructed networks, but SB had increased global and local network efficiency than IB and/or HC. Furthermore, although the number and cortical regions identified as hubs of the networks in the three groups were highly similar, SB exhibited higher nodal global efficiency in both the dorsolateral and medial parts of the bilateral superior frontal gyri than IB. Our findings add new evidence of topological reorganization in brain networks associated with sensorimotor experience in sports. Interestingly, these changes do not necessarily increase as a function of experience as previously suggested in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hua Chen
- Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd, Guishan, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chang
- Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Shing Yen
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, No. 64, Sec. 2, Zhi-Nan Rd, Wen-Shan District, Taipei 11605, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, No. 64, Sec. 2, Zhi-Nan Rd, Wen-Shan District, Taipei 11605, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Yueh Tsai
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, No. 64, Sec. 2, Zhi-Nan Rd, Wen-Shan District, Taipei 11605, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Chengchi University, No. 64, Sec. 2, Zhi-Nan Rd, Wen-Shan District, Taipei 11605, Taiwan.
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13
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Bidzan-Bluma I, Jochimek M, Lipowska M. Cognitive Functioning of Preadolescent Gymnasts, Including Bioelectrical Brain Activity. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:714-731. [PMID: 36779276 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231156722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Our main aim in this study was to investigate cognitive functioning in young gymnasts. The study group consisted of 86 children, aged 10-12 years: (a) a criterion group of 41 juvenile athletes (Mage = 11.23; SDage = 0.93) who trained six times per week; and (b) a comparison group of 45 children (Mage = 11.11; SDage = 0.61) who were not involved competitively in sports but who were mostly quite physically active. We measured attention, memory processes, and bioelectrical brain activity in the central region (Cz; where there are connections to motor control, movement, and sensation). We found significant differences between our two participant groups in short-term memory, deferred naming memory, and long-term memory of visual material. Children who practiced gymnastics had a better attention span than those who did not, and children who were non-athletes but who undertook physical activity more frequently than five times per week had a different theta/sensory motor rhythm (SMR) brain wave ratio (with SMR higher), meaning that they felt calmer and more relaxed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Bidzan-Bluma
- Institute of Psychology, 49646University of Gdańsk, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Psychology, 74802Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jochimek
- Department of Psychology, 74802Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland
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14
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Farana R, Williams G, Fujihara T, Wyatt HE, Naundorf F, Irwin G. Current issues and future directions in gymnastics research: biomechanics, motor control and coaching interface. Sports Biomech 2023; 22:161-185. [PMID: 34962219 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2021.2016928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The sport of gymnastics is undergoing a global examination of its culture and the relationship between the gymnast, coach and environment is a central focus. The aim of this review is to explore biomechanics and motor control research in skill development and technique selection in artistic gymnastics with a focus on the underlying concepts and scientific principles that allow performance enhancement, skill development and injury risk reduction. The current review examines peer reviewed papers from 2000 onwards, with a focus on contemporary approaches in the field of gymnastics research, and highlights several key directions for future gymnastics research. Based on our review and the integration of the models of Newell (1986) and Irwin et al. (2005), we recommend that future gymnastics research should embrace at the very least a multidisciplinary approach and aim for an interdisciplinary paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Farana
- University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | | | - T Fujihara
- Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - H E Wyatt
- Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - F Naundorf
- Institute for Applied Training Science Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - G Irwin
- University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
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15
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Cervetto S, Birba A, Pérez G, Amoruso L, García AM. Body into Narrative: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Signatures of Action Text Processing After Ecological Motor Training. Neuroscience 2022; 507:52-63. [PMID: 36368604 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Embodied cognition research indicates that sensorimotor training can influence action concept processing. Yet, most studies employ isolated (pseudo)randomized stimuli and require repetitive single-effector responses, thus lacking ecological validity. Moreover, the neural signatures of these effects remain poorly understood. Here, we examined whether immersive bodily training can modulate behavioral and functional connectivity correlates of action-verb processing in naturalistic narratives. The study involved three phases. First, in the Pre-training phase, 32 healthy persons listened to an action text (rich in movement descriptions) and a non-action text (focused on its characters' perceptual and mental processes), completed comprehension questionnaires, and underwent resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. Second, in the four-day Training phase, half the participants completed an exergaming intervention (eliciting full-body movements for 60 min a day) while the remaining half played static videogames (requiring no bodily engagement other than button presses). Finally, in the Post-training phase, all participants repeated the Pre-training protocol with different action and non-action texts and a new EEG session. We found that exergaming selectively reduced action-verb outcomes and fronto-posterior functional connectivity in the motor-sensitive ∼ 10-20 Hz range, both patterns being positively correlated. Conversely, static videogame playing yielded no specific effect on any linguistic category and did not modulate functional connectivity. Together, these findings suggest that action-verb processing and key neural correlates can be focally influenced by full-body motor training in a highly ecological setting. Our study illuminates the role of situated experience and sensorimotor circuits in action-concept processing, addressing calls for naturalistic insights on language embodiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Cervetto
- Departamento de Educación Física y Salud, Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Uruguay; Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Birba
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Pérez
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Amoruso
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), San Sebastian, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Adolfo M García
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, CA, United States; Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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16
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Ma M, Xu Y, Xiang Z, Yang X, Guo J, Zhao Y, Hou Z, Feng Y, Chen J, Yuan Y. Functional whole-brain mechanisms underlying effects of tDCS on athletic performance of male rowing athletes revealed by resting-state fMRI. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1002548. [PMID: 36267058 PMCID: PMC9576861 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that applied to modulate brain activity and enhance motor recovery. However, the neurobiological substrates underlying the effects of tDCS on brain function remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the central mechanisms of tDCS on improving the athletic performance of male rowing athletes. Methods Twelve right-handed male professional rowing athletes received tDCS over the left primary motor cortex while undergoing regular training. The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were acquired before and after tDCS. Measures of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) were calculated and compared between baseline and follow-up, as well as topological measures including global and local efficiency of functional brain networks constructed by graph theoretical analysis. Results Male rowing athletes showed increased isokinetic muscle strength of the left knee and left shoulder after tDCS. Increased ALFF values were found in the right precentral gyrus of male rowing athletes after tDCS when compared with those before tDCS. In addition, male rowing athletes showed increased ReHo values in the left paracentral lobule following tDCS. Moreover, increased nodal global efficiency was identified in the left inferior frontal gyrus (opercular part) of male rowing athletes after tDCS. Conclusion The findings suggested that simultaneous tDCS-induced excitation over the primary motor cortex might potentially improve the overall athletic performance in male rowing athletes through the right precentral gyrus and left paracentral lobule, as well as left inferior frontal gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Andrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziliang Xiang
- Department of Andrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianye Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenghua Hou
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Pukou Central Hospital, PuKou Branch Hospital of Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Yuxu Feng,
| | - Jianhuai Chen
- Department of Andrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jianhuai Chen,
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yonggui Yuan,
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17
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Gao Q, Luo N, Sun M, Zhou W, Li Y, Liang M, Yang C, Zhang M, Li R, Gong L, Yu J, Leng J, Chen H. Neural efficiency and proficiency adaptation of effective connectivity corresponding to early and advanced skill levels in athletes of racket sports. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:388-402. [PMID: 36053219 PMCID: PMC9842890 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored how the neural efficiency and proficiency worked in athletes with different skill levels from the perspective of effective connectivity brain network in resting state. The deconvolved conditioned Granger causality (GC) analysis was applied to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of 35 elite athletes (EAs) and 42 student-athletes (SAs) of racket sports as well as 39 normal controls (NCs), to obtain the voxel-wised hemodynamic response function (HRF) parameters representing the functional segregation and effective connectivity representing the functional integration. The results showed decreased time-to-peak of HRF in the visual attention brain regions in the two athlete groups compared with NC and decreased response height in the advanced motor control brain regions in EA comparing to the nonelite groups, suggesting the neural efficiency represented by the regional HRF was different in early and advanced skill levels. GC analysis demonstrated that the GC values within the middle occipital gyrus had a linear trend from negative to positive, suggesting a stepwise "neural proficiency" of the effective connectivity from NC to SA then to EA. The GC values of the inter-lobe circuits in EA had the trend to regress to NC levels, in agreement with the neural efficiency of these circuits in EA. Further feature selection approach suggested the important role of the cerebral-brainstem GC circuit for discriminating EA. Our findings gave new insight into the complementary neural mechanisms in brain functional segregation and integration, which was associated with early and advanced skill levels in athletes of racket sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Gao
- Department of RadiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China,School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High‐Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ning Luo
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mengli Sun
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Weiqi Zhou
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Minfeng Liang
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chengbo Yang
- The Third Department of Physical Education and TrainingChengdu Sport UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mu Zhang
- Information Technology CenterChengdu Sport UniversityChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Rong Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High‐Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Gong
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Yu
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Leng
- School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
| | - Huafu Chen
- Department of RadiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical UniversityChongqingPeople's Republic of China,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High‐Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople's Republic of China
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18
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Li X, Geng J, Du X, Si H, Wang Z. Relationship Between the Practice of Tai Chi for More Than 6 Months With Mental Health and Brain in University Students: An Exploratory Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:912276. [PMID: 35814952 PMCID: PMC9263293 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.912276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To study whether Tai Chi (TC) practice can improve the brain connectivity of the prefrontal lobe of college students, the positive psychological capital questionnaires and resting EEG signals were acquired from 50 college students including 25 TC practitioners and 25 demographically matched TC healthy controls. The results showed that the score of the positive psychological capital questionnaire of the TC group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the node degree of the frontal lobe and temporal lobe of both groups was positively correlated with the score of the positive psychological capital questionnaire. In addition, the response time of the TC group under auditory stimulation was significantly shorter than that of the control group, and there was a significant positive correlation between response time and its characteristic path length, and a significant negative correlation with global efficiency. Meanwhile, during the selected range of sparsity, the difference in global network parameters between two groups is significant in the alpha band. Under all single sparsity, the clustering coefficient, global efficiency, and local efficiency of the TC group have a higher trend, while the characteristic path length tended to be shorter. In the analysis of the local characteristics of the resting brain functional network, it was found that the node degree of the frontal lobe and temporal lobe of the TC group was higher, and the difference was significant in some nodes. These results all point to the fact that TC practice has a certain impact on specific brain areas of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Li
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jintao Geng
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Si
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongyu Si,
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhenlong Wang,
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19
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Wang S, Lu S. Brain Functional Connectivity in the Resting State and the Exercise State in Elite Tai Chi Chuan Athletes: An fNIRS Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:913108. [PMID: 35782040 PMCID: PMC9243259 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.913108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal the characteristics of multi-circuit brain synergy between elite tai chi chuan athletes in resting and exercise states and to provide neuroimaging evidence of improvements in brain function by motor skill training. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to compare the brain activity of professional tai chi chuan athletes (expert group) and beginners (novice group) in resting and exercise states, and to assess functional connectivity (FC) between the prefrontal lobe and the sensorimotor zone. In the resting state, the FC between the left prefrontal lobe and the right sensorimotor area in the expert group was significantly lower than that in the novice group (P < 0.05). In the exercise state, the patterns of FC between the left prefrontal lobe and right sensorimotor area, the right prefrontal lobe and left sensorimotor area, and the left and right sensorimotor areas in the expert group were significantly lower than that in the novice group (P < 0.05). From the resting state to the locomotor state, the expert group experienced a greater absolute value of functional connection increment between the left prefrontal cortex and right sensorimotor area, and between the left sensorimotor area and right sensorimotor area (P < 0.05). This was positively correlated with the self-evaluation results of motor performance behavior. Under sports conditions, professional athletes’ multi-circuit brain FC strength is significantly reduced, and their elite motor skill performance supports the neural efficiency hypothesis. This may be related to the high adaptation of the brain to specific tasks and the improvement of the integration of somatic perception processing and motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Wang
- Wushu School of China, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengnan Lu
- College of Dance and Martial Arts, Capital University of Physical Education and Sport, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shengnan Lu
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Pittaras E, Hamelin H, Granon S. Inter-Individual Differences in Cognitive Tasks: Focusing on the Shaping of Decision-Making Strategies. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:818746. [PMID: 35431831 PMCID: PMC9007591 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.818746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we review recent (published and novel) data showing inter-individual variation in decision-making strategies established by mice in a gambling task (MGT for Mouse Gambling Task). It may look intriguing, at first, that congenic animals develop divergent behaviors. However, using large groups of mice, we show that individualities emerge in the MGT, with about 30% of healthy mice displaying risk-averse choices while about 20-25% of mice make risk-prone choices. These strategies are accompanied by different brain network mobilization and individual levels of regional -prefrontal and striatal- monoamines. We further illustrate three ecological ways that influence drastically cognitive strategies in healthy adult mice: sleep deprivation, sucrose or artificial sweetener exposure, and regular exposure to stimulating environments. Questioning how to unmask individual strategies, what are their neural/neurochemical bases and whether we can shape or reshape them with different environmental manipulations is of great value, first to understand how the brain may build flexible decisions, and second to study behavioral plasticity, in healthy adult, as well as in developing brains. The latter may open new avenues for the identification of vulnerability traits to adverse events, before the emergence of mental pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Pittaras
- Heller Laboratory, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Héloïse Hamelin
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Saclay, France
| | - Sylvie Granon
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, Saclay, France
- *Correspondence: Sylvie Granon,
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21
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Amoruso L, Pusil S, García AM, Ibañez A. Decoding motor expertise from fine-tuned oscillatory network organization. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:2817-2832. [PMID: 35274804 PMCID: PMC9120567 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Can motor expertise be robustly predicted by the organization of frequency-specific oscillatory brain networks? To answer this question, we recorded high-density electroencephalography (EEG) in expert Tango dancers and naïves while viewing and judging the correctness of Tango-specific movements and during resting. We calculated task-related and resting-state connectivity at different frequency-bands capturing task performance (delta [δ], 1.5-4 Hz), error monitoring (theta [θ], 4-8 Hz), and sensorimotor experience (mu [μ], 8-13 Hz), and derived topographical features using graph analysis. These features, together with canonical expertise measures (i.e., performance in action discrimination, time spent dancing Tango), were fed into a data-driven computational learning analysis to test whether behavioral and brain signatures robustly classified individuals depending on their expertise level. Unsurprisingly, behavioral measures showed optimal classification (100%) between dancers and naïves. When considering brain models, the task-based classification performed well (~73%), with maximal discrimination afforded by theta-band connectivity, a hallmark signature of error processing. Interestingly, mu connectivity during rest outperformed (100%) the task-based approach, matching the optimal classification of behavioral measures and thus emerging as a potential trait-like marker of sensorimotor network tuning by intense training. Overall, our findings underscore the power of fine-tuned oscillatory network signatures for capturing expertise-related differences and their potential value in the neuroprognosis of learning outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Amoruso
- Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL), San Sebastian, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Sandra Pusil
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo Martín García
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National University of Cuyo (UNCuyo), Mendoza, Argentina.,Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA.,Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland
| | - Agustín Ibañez
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA.,Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin, Ireland.,Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
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Bastos P, Barbosa R. Motor reserve: How to build neuronal resilience against ageing and neurodegeneration? Rev Neurol (Paris) 2022; 178:845-854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Hu X, Zhao M, Ma Y, Ge Y, He H, Wang S, Qian Y. Alteration of segregation of brain systems in the severe depressive disorder after electroconvulsive therapy. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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24
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Reorganization of rich clubs in functional brain networks of dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 33:102930. [PMID: 34959050 PMCID: PMC8856913 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DLB and AD had the different functional reorganization patterns. Rich club nodes increased in frontal-parietal network in patients with DLB. The rich club nodes in temporal lobe decreased and those in cerebellum increased for AD. Compared with HC, rich club connectivity was enhanced in the DLB and AD groups.
The purpose of this study was to reveal the patterns of reorganization of rich club organization in brain functional networks in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The study found that the rich club node shifts from sensory/somatomotor network to fronto-parietal network in DLB. For AD, the rich club nodes switch between the temporal lobe with obvious structural atrophy and the frontal lobe, parietal lobe and cerebellum with relatively preserved structure and function. In addition, compared with healthy controls, rich club connectivity was enhanced in the DLB and AD groups. The connection strength of DLB patients was related to cognitive assessment. In conclusion, we revealed the different functional reorganization patterns of DLB and AD. The conversion and redistribution of rich club members may play a causal role in disease-specific outcomes. It may be used as a potential biomarker to provide more accurate prevention and treatment strategies.
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Gao Q, Huang Y, Xiang Y, Yang C, Zhang M, Guo J, Wang H, Yu J, Cui Q, Chen H. Altered dynamics of functional connectivity density associated with early and advanced stages of motor training in tennis and table tennis athletes. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:1323-1334. [PMID: 32748323 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Until now, knowledge about the effects of motor training on the temporal dynamics of the brain functional organization is still limited. Here we combined dynamic functional connectivity density (dFCD) mapping and k-means clustering analyses to explore how early and advanced stages of motor training affected the brain dynamic FC architecture and dynamic states in little-ball athletes using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of student-athletes (SA), elite athletes (EA) and non-athlete healthy controls (NC). The ANOVA analysis demonstrated the levels of dFCD variability in the EA group had the trend to regress to the NC group levels in all statistically significant regions. Specifically, the brain regions responsible for the basic motor and sensory innervations showed more stabilized dFCD variability in EA and NC compared with SA. The results supported the idea of a stronger efficiency of functional networks and an automation process of new motor skills in EA. Furthermore, EA and NC had the increased dFCD variability in brain regions responsible for top-down visual-motor control compared with SA; while EA exhibited more flexible alterations in FCD status levels and the equilibrium probability in the long run compared with SA and NC. This suggested that regions involved in higher functions of visual-motor control exhibited more flexibility in functional regulation with other brain networks in EA. Our findings suggested the diversity and specialization of fluctuating dynamic brain adaption induced by motor training in different training stages, and highlighted the effect of motor training stages on brain functional adaption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Gao
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yue Huang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.,The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Chengbo Yang
- The Third Department of Physical Education and Training, Chengdu Sport University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Zhang
- Information Technology Center, Chengdu Sport University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingpu Guo
- The Third Department of Physical Education and Training, Chengdu Sport University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Wang
- The Third Department of Physical Education and Training, Chengdu Sport University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Yu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Qian Cui
- School of Public Affairs and Administration, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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Yin D, Wang X, Zhang X, Yu Q, Wei Y, Cai Q, Fan M, Li L. Dissociable plasticity of visual-motor system in functional specialization and flexibility in expert table tennis players. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1973-1990. [PMID: 34041612 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02304-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Specialization and flexibility are two basic attributes of functional brain organization, enabling efficient cognition and behavior. However, it is largely unknown what plastic changes in specialization and flexibility in visual-motor areas occur in support of extraordinary motor skills in expert athletes and how the selective adaptability of the visual-motor system affects general perceptual or cognitive domains. Here, we used a dynamic network framework to investigate intrinsic functional specialization and flexibility of visual-motor system in expert table tennis players (TTP). Our results showed that sensorimotor areas increased intrinsic functional flexibility, whereas visual areas increased intrinsic functional specialization in expert TTP compared to nonathletes. Moreover, the flexibility of the left putamen was positively correlated with skill level, and that of the left lingual gyrus was positively correlated with behavioral accuracy of a sport-unrelated attention task. This study has uncovered dissociable plasticity of the visual-motor system and their predictions of individual differences in skill level and general attention processing. Furthermore, our time-resolved analytic approach is applicable across other professional athletes for understanding their brain plasticity and superior behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaoyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qiurong Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Mingxia Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Detecting structural and functional neuroplasticity in elite ice-skating athletes. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 78:102795. [PMID: 33940321 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Using resting-state fMRI, this study investigated long-term ice-skating training related changes in elite ice-skating athletes and compared them to healthy age-matched non-athletes under resting-state conditions. Significant differences were found in both structural and functional plasticity. Specifically, elite ice-skating athletes showed higher gray matter volume in the posterior cerebellum, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, posterior cingulate, caudate, and thalamus. The functional plasticity changes were primarily concentrated in the posterior cerebellar lobe. Additionally, stronger connectivity between the posterior cerebellar lobe and fusiform gyrus was also found in elite ice-skating athletes. Overall, the results are consistent with other studies that concluded long-term professional motor skill training can cause structural and functional plasticity in the regions of the brain related to motor planning, execution, and supervision. Both structural plasticity and functional plasticity are primarily enhanced in the posterior cerebellum. These changes may be related to the outstanding capability of speed and coordination caused by long-term ice-skating training. Present results add new evidence and may help us to understand the neural mechanisms of long-term motor skill training.
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Effects of combat sports on functional network connectivity in adolescents. Neuroradiology 2021; 63:1863-1871. [PMID: 33912982 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-021-02713-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the effects of combat sports on functional network connectivity (FNC) in healthy adolescents. METHODS Resting-state fMRI data were acquired from the combat sports (CS) group (n = 32) and non-athlete healthy control (HC) group (n = 29). Resting-state networks (RSNs) were obtained based on independent component analysis (ICA), and FNC analysis was performed. Then, the intra-network and inter-network connections were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Compared with the HC group, the CS group demonstrated increased intra-network FC within the sensorimotor network (SMN), visual network (VIN), and cerebellum network (P < 0.01, FDR correction). Besides, decreased inter-network FC was found in the SMN-VIN, SMN-auditory network, SMN-default mode network, attention network (AN)-VIN, and AN-executive control network connections (P < 0.01, FDR correction). CONCLUSION This study showed a complex relationship between combat sports and FNC in adolescents. The observed FNC patterns in the CS group may reflect training-related brain network optimization, early signs of subclinical brain damage, or preexisting differences. The extensive effects of combat sports on FNC in adolescents could expand our understanding of neuromodulatory mechanisms.
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Blazhenets G, Kurz A, Frings L, Leukel C, Meyer PT. Brain activation patterns during visuomotor adaptation in motor experts and novices: An FDG PET study with unrestricted movements. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 350:109061. [PMID: 33370559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.109061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Speed of performance improvements and the strength of memory consolidation in humans vary with movement expertise. Underlying neural mechanisms of behavioural differences between levels of movement expertise are so far unknown. NEW METHOD In this study, PET with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) was proposed as a powerful novel methodology to assess learning-related brain activity patterns during large non-restricted movements (ball throwing with a right hand). 24 male handball players ('Experts') and 24 male participants without handball experience ('Novices') performed visuomotor adaptations to prismatic glasses with or without strategic manoeuvres (i.e., explicit or implicit adaptation). RESULTS Regional changes in FDG uptake as a marker of neuronal activity, relative to a control condition, were assessed. Prismatic adaptation, in general, was associated with decreased occipital neuronal activity as a possible response to misleading visual information. In 'Experts', the adaptation was associated with altered neuronal activity in a network comprising the right parietal cortex and the left cerebellum. In 'Novices', implicit adaptation resulted in an activation of the middle frontal and inferior temporal gyrus. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS This study demonstrates the versatility of FDG PET for studying brain activations patterns in experimental settings with unrestricted movements that are not accessible by other techniques (e.g., fMRI or EEG). CONCLUSIONS Observed results are consistent with the involvement of different functional networks related to strategic manoeuvres and expertise levels. This strengthens the assumption of different mechanisms underlying behavioural changes associated with movement expertise. Furthermore, the present study underscores the value of FDG PET for studying brain activation patterns during unrestricted movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Blazhenets
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany.
| | - Alexander Kurz
- Department of Sport Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Lars Frings
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Christian Leukel
- Department of Sport Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany; Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79106, Germany; Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Philipp T Meyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
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Spontaneous brain state oscillation is associated with self-reported anxiety in a non-clinical sample. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19754. [PMID: 33184367 PMCID: PMC7661527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-correlation relationship between the default-mode network (DMN) and task-positive network (TPN) may provide valuable information on cognitive functions and mental disorders. Moreover, maintaining a specific brain state and efficaciously switching between different states are considered important for self-regulation and adaptation to changing environments. However, it is currently unclear whether competitions between the DMN and TPN are associated with negative affect (here, anxiety and depression) in non-clinical samples. We measured the average dwell time of DMN dominance over the TPN (i.e., the average state duration before transition to another state, indicating persistent DMN dominance) with a sample of 302 non-clinical young adults. Subsequently, we explored individual differences in this persistent DMN dominance by examining its correlations with subjective depression and anxiety feelings. Moreover, we linked state transition between DMN/TPN dominance with right fronto-insular cortex (RFIC) blood oxygen-level dependent signal variability. We found that the average dwell time of DMN dominance was positively associated with self-reported anxiety. Furthermore, state transition between DMN or TPN dominance was positively linked to RFIC activity. These findings highlight the importance of investigating the complex and dynamic reciprocal inhibition patterns of the DMN and TPN and the important role of the RFIC in the association between these networks.
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31
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Wang R, Lin J, Sun C, Hu B, Liu X, Geng D, Li Y, Yang L. Topological reorganization of brain functional networks in patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 28:102480. [PMID: 33395972 PMCID: PMC7645289 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
MELAS patients showed topological reorganization of brain functional network. Network abnormalities in MELAS patients may be affected by stroke-like lesions. Graph theory based on rs-fMRI may be used for monitoring the status of MELAS.
Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke‐like episodes (MELAS) is a rare maternally inherited genetic disease; however, little is known about its underlying brain basis. Furthermore, the topological organization of brain functional network in MELAS has not been explored. Here, 45 patients with MELAS (22 at acute stage, 23 at chronic stage) and 22 normal controls were studied using resting- state functional magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory analysis approaches. Topological properties of brain functional networks including global and nodal metrics, rich club organization and modularity were analyzed. At the global level, MELAS patients exhibited reduced clustering coefficient, normalized clustering coefficient, normalized characteristic path length and local network efficiency compared with the controls. At the nodal level, several nodes with abnormal degree centrality and nodal efficiency were detected in MELAS patients, and the distribution of these nodes was partly consistent with the stroke-like lesions. For rich club organization, rich club nodes were reorganized and the connections among them were decreased in MELAS patients. Modularity analysis revealed that MELAS patents had altered intra- or inter-modular connections in default mode network, fronto-parietal network, sensorimotor network, occipital network and cerebellum network. Notably, the patients at acute stage showed more obvious changes in these topological properties than the patients at chronic stage. These findings indicated that MELAS patients, particularly those at acute stage, exhibited topological reorganization of the whole-brain functional network. This study may help us to understand the neuropathological mechanisms of MELAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Department of Radiology, HuaShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Radiology, HuaShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xueling Liu
- Department of Radiology, HuaShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Daoying Geng
- Department of Radiology, HuaShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Shanghai Institution of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China; Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Radiology, HuaShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Liqin Yang
- Department of Radiology, HuaShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institute of Functional and Molecular Medical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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Fukuo M, Kamagata K, Kuramochi M, Andica C, Tomita H, Waki H, Sugano H, Tange Y, Mitsuhashi T, Uchida W, Takenaka Y, Hagiwara A, Harada M, Goto M, Hori M, Aoki S, Naito H. Regional brain gray matter volume in world-class artistic gymnasts. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:43. [PMID: 32948133 PMCID: PMC10717960 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between long-term intensive training and brain plasticity in gymnasts has recently been reported. However, the relationship between abilities in different gymnastic events and brain structural changes has not been explored. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between world-class gymnasts (WCGs)' specific abilities in different gymnastics events and their gray matter (GM) volume. Ten right-handed Japanese male WCGs and 10 right-handed gender- and age-matched controls with no history of gymnastic training participated in this study. Whole brain three-dimensional T1-weighted images (magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo sequence) with 0.90 mm3 voxels were obtained using a 3 T-MRI scanner from each subject. Volume-based morphometry (VolBM) was used to compare GM volume differences between WCGs and controls. We then explored the correlation between specific gymnastic abilities using different gymnastic apparatuses, and GM volume. Significantly higher GM volumes (false discovery rate-corrected p < 0.05) in the inferior parietal lobule, middle temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus, rostral middle frontal gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus were demonstrated in WCGs, compared with controls using VolBM. Moreover, significant positive correlations were observed between brain regions and the difficulty scores for each gymnastic event, for example, rings and inferior parietal lobule and parallel bars and rostral middle frontal gyrus. These results may reflect the neural basis of an outstanding gymnastic ability resulting from brain plasticity in areas associated with spatial perception, vision, working memory, and motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Fukuo
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Scienc, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Koji Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicin, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mana Kuramochi
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicin, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christina Andica
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicin, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Scienc, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Waki
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Scienc, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Sugano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tange
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Uchida
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicin, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Takenaka
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicin, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Hagiwara
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicin, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Harada
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Scienc, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Masami Goto
- School of Allied Health Science, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hori
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicin, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicin, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Juntendo University Graduate School of Health and Sports Scienc, 1-1 Hirakagakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
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Neural correlates of motor expertise: Extensive motor training and cortical changes. Brain Res 2020; 1739:146323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Wang S, Li Y, Qiu S, Zhang C, Wang G, Xian J, Li T, He H. Reorganization of rich-clubs in functional brain networks during propofol-induced unconsciousness and natural sleep. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 25:102188. [PMID: 32018124 PMCID: PMC6997627 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND General anesthesia (GA) provides an invaluable experimental tool to understand the essential neural mechanisms underlying consciousness. Previous neuroimaging studies have shown the functional integration and segregation of brain functional networks during anesthetic-induced alteration of consciousness. However, the organization pattern of hubs in functional brain networks remains unclear. Moreover, comparisons with the well-characterized physiological unconsciousness can help us understand the neural mechanisms of anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed during wakefulness, mild propofol-induced sedation (m-PIS), and deep PIS (d-PIS) with clinical unconsciousness on 8 healthy volunteers and wakefulness and natural sleep on 9 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Large-scale functional brain networks of each volunteer were constructed based on 160 regions of interest. Then, rich-club organizations in brain functional networks and nodal properties (nodal strength and efficiency) were assessed and analyzed among the different states and groups. RESULTS Rich-clubs in the functional brain networks were reorganized during alteration of consciousness induced by propofol. Firstly, rich-club nodes were switched from the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), angular gyrus, and anterior and middle insula to the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), inferior parietal sulcus (IPS), and cerebellum. When sedation was deepened to unconsciousness, the rich-club nodes were switched to the occipital and angular gyrus. These results suggest that the rich-club nodes were switched among the high-order cognitive function networks (default mode network [DMN] and fronto-parietal network [FPN]), sensory networks (occipital network [ON]), and cerebellum network (CN) from consciousness (wakefulness) to propofol-induced unconsciousness. At the same time, compared with wakefulness, local connections were switched to rich-club connections during propofol-induced unconsciousness, suggesting a strengthening of the overall information commutation of networks. Nodal efficiency of the anterior and middle insula and ventral frontal cortex was significantly decreased. Additionally, from wakefulness to natural sleep, a similar pattern of rich-club reorganization with propofol-induced unconsciousness was observed: rich-club nodes were switched from the DMN (including precuneus and PCC) to the sensorimotor network (SMN, including part of the frontal and temporal gyrus). Compared with natural sleep, nodal efficiency of the insula, frontal gyrus, PCC, and cerebellum significantly decreased during propofol-induced unconsciousness. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that the rich-club reorganization in functional brain networks is characterized by switching of rich-club nodes between the high-order cognitive and sensory and motor networks during propofol-induced alteration of consciousness and natural sleep. These findings will help understand the common neurological mechanism of pharmacological and physiological unconsciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengpei Wang
- Research Center for Brain-inspired Intelligence and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Research Center for Brain-inspired Intelligence and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuncheng Zhang
- Research Center for Brain-inspired Intelligence and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfang Xian
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianzuo Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Huiguang He
- Research Center for Brain-inspired Intelligence and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Yamazaki Y, Sato D, Yamashiro K, Nakano S, Onishi H, Maruyama A. Acute Low-Intensity Aerobic Exercise Modulates Intracortical Inhibitory and Excitatory Circuits in an Exercised and a Non-exercised Muscle in the Primary Motor Cortex. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1361. [PMID: 31787901 PMCID: PMC6853900 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that acute aerobic exercise modulates intracortical excitability in the primary motor cortex (M1). However, whether acute low-intensity aerobic exercise can also modulate M1 intracortical excitability, particularly intracortical excitatory circuits, remains unclear. In addition, no previous studies have investigated the effect of acute aerobic exercise on short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI). The aim of this study was to investigate whether acute low-intensity aerobic exercise modulates intracortical circuits in the M1 hand and leg areas. Intracortical excitability of M1 (Experiments 1, 2) and spinal excitability (Experiment 3) were measured before and after acute low-intensity aerobic exercise. In Experiment 3, skin temperature was also measured throughout the experiment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied over the M1 non-exercised hand and exercised leg areas in Experiments 1, 2, respectively. Participants performed 30 min of low-intensity pedaling exercise or rested while sitting on the ergometer. Short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI and LICI), and SAI were measured to assess M1 inhibitory circuits. Intracortical facilitation (ICF) and short-interval intracortical facilitation (SICF) were measured to assess M1 excitatory circuits. We found that acute low-intensity aerobic exercise decreased SICI and SAI in the M1 hand and leg areas. After exercise, ICF in the M1 hand area was lower than in the control experiment, but was not significantly different to baseline. The single motor-evoked potential, resting motor threshold, LICI, SICF, and spinal excitability did not change following exercise. In conclusion, acute low-intensity pedaling modulates M1 intracortical circuits of both exercised and non-exercised areas, without affecting corticospinal and spinal excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Yamazaki
- Major in Health and Welfare, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sato
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koya Yamashiro
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Saki Nakano
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Field of Health and Sports, Major in Health and Science, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideaki Onishi
- Institute for Human Movement and Medical Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuo Maruyama
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Learning to play badminton altered resting-state activity and functional connectivity of the cerebellar sub-regions in adults. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223234. [PMID: 31574108 PMCID: PMC6771995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that sport experts are different from novices in functions and structures of the cerebellar sub-regions and the functional connectivity (FC) associated with the cerebellum, suggesting the role of the cerebellum on motor skill learning (MSL). However, the manipulation of individuals with different motor skills fails to exclude the effects of innate talents. In addition, individuals with higher motor skills often start with the MSL in their young ages. It is still unclear whether the effects regarding the cerebellum would be shown at one's adult age. The present study was to directly alter individuals' motor skills to investigate whether MSL (taking learning to play badminton as an example) in adulthood influences resting-state activity in the cerebellum. To this end, young adults without ball training experience were recruited as participants and were assigned randomly into the experimental group and the control group. Participants in the experimental group were asked to attend a badminton training course for 12 weeks, while the control group did not regularly attend any ball sports during this period. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was recorded before and after the training. Results showed that compared to the control group, the experimental group had smaller amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in right cerebellar hemispheric VI and left VIII after training. For the experimental group, right hemispheric VIII had a stronger FC with left hemispheric IV-V, cerebellar vermal IX, left middle cingulate gyrus and right hippocampus after training. Taken together, these findings suggested that MSL, at least learning to play badminton in adulthood, reduces resting-state activity in different sub-regions in the cerebellum but increases FC between sub-regions of the cerebellum as well as between sub-regions of the cerebellum and cerebral cortices (e.g., middle cingulate cortex and hippocampus).
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Zhu H, Pi YL, Qiu FH, Wang FJ, Liu K, Ni Z, Wu Y, Zhang J. Visual and Action-control Expressway Associated with Efficient Information Transmission in Elite Athletes. Neuroscience 2019; 404:353-370. [PMID: 30771510 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Effective information transmission for open skill performance requires fine-scale coordination of distributed networks of brain regions linked by white matter tracts. However, how patterns of connectivity in these anatomical pathways may improve global efficiency remains unclear. In this study, we hypothesized that the feeder edges in visual and motor systems have the potential to become "expressways" that increase the efficiency of information communication across brain networks of open skill experts. Thirty elite athletes and thirty novice subjects were recruited to participate in visual tracking and motor imagery tasks. We collected structural imaging data from these subjects, and then resolved structural neural networks using deterministic tractography to identify streamlines connecting cortical and subcortical brain regions of each participant. We observed that superior skill performance in elite athletes was associated with increased information transmission efficiency in feeder edges distributed between orbitofrontal and basal ganglia modules, as well as among temporal, occipital, and limbic system modules. These findings suggest that there is an expressway linking visual and action-control system of skill experts that enables more efficient interactions of peripheral and central information in support of effective performance of an open skill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan-Ling Pi
- Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Hui Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Feng-Juan Wang
- Physical Education and Educational Science Department, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Ni
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Dalecki M, Gorbet DJ, Macpherson A, Sergio LE. Sport experience is correlated with complex motor skill recovery in youth following concussion. Eur J Sport Sci 2019; 19:1257-1266. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1584249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Dalecki
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Diana J. Gorbet
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alison Macpherson
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Sergio
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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39
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Altered Central Autonomic Network in Baseball Players: A Resting-state fMRI Study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:110. [PMID: 30643162 PMCID: PMC6331574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36329-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological adaptive regulation of healthy population with a high fitness level is associated with enhanced cognitive control in brain. This study further investigated the effects of different levels of sporting experience on intrinsic brain networks involved in central autonomic processing using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We explored functional connectivity of four core regions within central autonomic network (CAN), namely posterior midcingulate cortex (pMCC), left amygdala (AMYG), and right anterior (aINS) and left posterior insular cortices, in advanced and intermediate baseball players, and compared their strength of connectivity with individuals without baseball-playing experience. Functional connectivity maps across three groups confirmed a close relationship between CAN and large-scale brain networks in sensory, motor and cognitive domains. Crucially, both advanced and intermediate batters demonstrated enhanced connectivity between pMCC and sensorimotor network, between right aINS and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and between left AMYG and right putamen, than controls. These results reflected a stronger interregional coupling in sensorimotor and cognitive control, and in motor skill consolidation. In conclusion, we provided evidence that different levels of sporting experience could reorganize/enhance intrinsic functional connectivity for central autonomic processing.
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40
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Qi H, Liu H, Hu H, He H, Zhao X. Primary Disruption of the Memory-Related Subsystems of the Default Mode Network in Alzheimer's Disease: Resting-State Functional Connectivity MRI Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:344. [PMID: 30429784 PMCID: PMC6220065 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have indicated that the default mode network (DMN) comprises at least three subsystems: The medial temporal lobe (MTL) and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) subsystems and a core comprising the anterior MPFC (aMPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Additionally, the disruption of the DMN is related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, little is known regarding the changes in these subsystems in AD, a progressive disease characterized by memory impairment. Here, we performed a resting-state functional connectivity (FC) analysis to test our hypothesis that the memory-related MTL subsystem was predominantly disrupted in AD. Method: To reveal specific subsystem changes, we calculated the strength and number of FCS in the DMN intra- and inter-subsystems across individuals and compared the FC of the two groups. To further examine which pairs of brain regional functional connections contributed to the subsystem alterations, correlation coefficients between any two brain regions in the DMN were compared across groups. Additionally, to identify which regions made the strongest contributions to the subsystem changes, we calculated the regional FC strength (FCS), which was compared across groups. Results: For the intra-subsystem, decreased FC number and strength occurred in the MTL subsystem of AD patients but not in the DMPFC subsystem or core. For the inter-subsystems, the AD group showed decreased FCS and number between the MTL subsystem and PCC and a decreased number between the PCC and DMPFC subsystem. Decreased inter-regional FCS were found within the MTL subsystem in AD patients relative to controls: The posterior inferior parietal lobule (pIPL) showed decreased FC with the hippocampal formation (HF), parahippocampal cortex (PHC) and ventral MPFC (vMPFC). Decreased inter-regional FCS of the inter-subsystems were also found in AD patients: The HF and/or PHC showed decreased FC with dMPFC and TPJ, located in the DMPFC subsystem, and with PCC. AD patients also showed decreased FC between the PCC and TLC of the dMPFC subsystem. Furthermore, the HF and PHC in the MTL subsystem showed decreased regional FCS. Conclusion: Decreased intrinsic FC was mainly associated with the MTL subsystem of the AD group, suggesting that the MTL subsystem is predominantly disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Qi
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haimeng Hu
- Department of Imaging, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijin He
- Department of Imaging, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- Department of Imaging, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Imaging, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China
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41
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Xie Y, Weng J, Wang C, Xu T, Peng X, Chen F. The impact of long-term abacus training on modular properties of functional brain network. Neuroimage 2018; 183:811-817. [PMID: 30149141 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Training induces cognitive and neural plasticity, and understanding of the neural mechanisms of training-induced brain plasticity has significant implications for improving children's academic achievement. Previous studies have indicated that training in abacus-based mental calculation (AMC) improves arithmetical capacities and results in brain plasticity within visuospatial brain regions. However, previous studies have reported alterations within distributed brain regions. Thus, it remains unclear whether and how AMC training influences the functional integration and separation between and/or within networks. The current study aimed to address these questions using graph theory, engaging 162 children, 90 of whom were given long-term AMC training. The AMC group exhibited greater local efficiency and intra-module connections within the visual network and less local efficiency and intra-module connections in the cingulo-opercular network (CON). Interestingly, in the AMC group, negative correlations were found between local efficiency and intra-module connections across the two networks. Furthermore, both network characteristics of the CON were negatively correlated with math ability in the AMC group. No such correlations were found in the control group. The current study delineated the enhanced neural mechanisms of visuospatial-related brain regions at an intermediate level and highlighted the intrinsic association between different brain ensembles in neural plasticity, thus furthering the understanding of the effects of AMC training on brain network reconfiguration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xie
- Bio-X Laboratory, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Jian Weng
- Bio-X Laboratory, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China; Center of Brain Imaging Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- Bio-X Laboratory, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Optical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Tianyong Xu
- Bio-X Laboratory, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Feiyan Chen
- Bio-X Laboratory, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.
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42
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Cantou P, Platel H, Desgranges B, Groussard M. How motor, cognitive and musical expertise shapes the brain: Focus on fMRI and EEG resting-state functional connectivity. J Chem Neuroanat 2018; 89:60-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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43
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Xu J, Li H, Li C, Yao JC, Hu J, Wang J, Hu Q, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Abnormal cortical-basal ganglia network in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A voxel-wise network efficiency analysis. Behav Brain Res 2017; 333:123-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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44
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Huang H, Wang J, Seger C, Lu M, Deng F, Wu X, He Y, Niu C, Wang J, Huang R. Long-term intensive gymnastic training induced changes in intra- and inter-network functional connectivity: an independent component analysis. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:131-144. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1479-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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45
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Liu X, Liu L, Hou F, Zhou Z, Wu Q, Li H. Altered gray matter volume and functional connectivity of the motor network in young divers. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 25:XST17305. [PMID: 28697581 DOI: 10.3233/xst-17305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor learning and professional sports training can induce plastic changes in brain structures that are associated with distinct training demands. OBJECTIVE To testify the hypothesis of that regional gray matter structures in the motor-related cortex and its functional connectivity (FC) are altered in young divers. METHODS We undertook T1-voxel-based morphometry (VBM) structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in groups of diving athletes (DAs) and demographically-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Gray matter volume was lower in some regions in Das. By selecting the five most reduced regions, i.e. superior frontal gyrus, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), insula, hippocampus, and cerebellum posterior lobe, as regions of interest (ROIs) for FC analysis, results showed that DAs had greater FC between the inferior temporal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus, OFC and cerebellum posterior lobe. Conversely, the divers had lesser FC between OFC and putamen, superior frontal gyrus and caudate. CONCLUSIONS VBM differences suggest that diving training entails more effective synaptic and/or neuronal pruning processes in motor structures. Indeed, cortical volumetric decreases in the DAs group are associated with increased FC among certain motor-related regions. We conclude that motor learning in adolescence alters brain structure in association with changes in FC between the relevant cortical and subcortical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liansheng Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Hou
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhou
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingying Wu
- Sports Hospital, Ersha Sports Training Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengguo Li
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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46
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Topologically convergent and divergent functional connectivity patterns in unmedicated unipolar depression and bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1165. [PMID: 28675389 PMCID: PMC5538109 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD), particularly BD II, is frequently misdiagnosed as unipolar depression (UD), leading to inappropriate treatment and poor clinical outcomes. Although depressive symptoms may be expressed similarly in UD and BD, the similarities and differences in the architecture of brain functional networks between the two disorders are still unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that UD and BD II patients would show convergent and divergent patterns of disrupted topological organization of the functional connectome, especially in the default mode network (DMN) and the limbic network. Brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired from 32 UD-unmedicated patients, 31 unmedicated BD II patients (current episode depressed) and 43 healthy subjects. Using graph theory, we systematically studied the topological organization of their whole-brain functional networks at the following three levels: whole brain, modularity and node. First, both the UD and BD II patients showed increased characteristic path length and decreased global efficiency compared with the controls. Second, both the UD and BD II patients showed disrupted intramodular connectivity within the DMN and limbic system network. Third, decreased nodal characteristics (nodal strength and nodal efficiency) were found predominantly in brain regions in the DMN, limbic network and cerebellum of both the UD and BD II patients, whereas differences between the UD and BD II patients in the nodal characteristics were also observed in the precuneus and temporal pole. Convergent deficits in the topological organization of the whole brain, DMN and limbic networks may reflect overlapping pathophysiological processes in unipolar and bipolar depression. Our discovery of divergent regional connectivity that supports emotion processing could help to identify biomarkers that will aid in differentiating these disorders.
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47
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Raichlen DA, Bharadwaj PK, Fitzhugh MC, Haws KA, Torre GA, Trouard TP, Alexander GE. Differences in Resting State Functional Connectivity between Young Adult Endurance Athletes and Healthy Controls. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:610. [PMID: 28018192 PMCID: PMC5147411 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Expertise and training in fine motor skills has been associated with changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity. Fewer studies have explored the neural effects of athletic activities that do not seem to rely on precise fine motor control (e.g., distance running). Here, we compared resting-state functional connectivity in a sample of adult male collegiate distance runners (n = 11; age = 21.3 ± 2.5) and a group of healthy age-matched non-athlete male controls (n = 11; age = 20.6 ± 1.1), to test the hypothesis that expertise in sustained aerobic motor behaviors affects resting state functional connectivity in young adults. Although generally considered an automated repetitive task, locomotion, especially at an elite level, likely engages multiple cognitive actions including planning, inhibition, monitoring, attentional switching and multi-tasking, and motor control. Here, we examined connectivity in three resting-state networks that link such executive functions with motor control: the default mode network (DMN), the frontoparietal network (FPN), and the motor network (MN). We found two key patterns of significant between-group differences in connectivity that are consistent with the hypothesized cognitive demands of elite endurance running. First, enhanced connectivity between the FPN and brain regions often associated with aspects of working memory and other executive functions (frontal cortex), suggest endurance running may stress executive cognitive functions in ways that increase connectivity in associated networks. Second, we found significant anti-correlations between the DMN and regions associated with motor control (paracentral area), somatosensory functions (post-central region), and visual association abilities (occipital cortex). DMN deactivation with task-positive regions has been shown to be generally beneficial for cognitive performance, suggesting anti-correlated regions observed here are engaged during running. For all between-group differences, there were significant associations between connectivity, self-reported physical activity, and estimates of maximum aerobic capacity, suggesting a dose-response relationship between engagement in endurance running and connectivity strength. Together these results suggest that differences in experience with endurance running are associated with differences in functional brain connectivity. High intensity aerobic activity that requires sustained, repetitive locomotor and navigational skills may stress cognitive domains in ways that lead to altered brain connectivity, which in turn has implications for understanding the beneficial role of exercise for brain and cognitive function over the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pradyumna K. Bharadwaj
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
| | - Megan C. Fitzhugh
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
| | - Kari A. Haws
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
| | | | - Theodore P. Trouard
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer’s Consortium, PhoenixAZ, USA
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer’s Consortium, PhoenixAZ, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, TucsonAZ, USA
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