1
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Choi KY, El-Hamdi N, McGregor A. T cell inducing vaccine against cytomegalovirus immediate early 1 (IE1) protein provides high level cross strain protection against congenital CMV. Vaccine 2024; 42:126357. [PMID: 39298998 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a leading cause of congenital disease resulting in cognitive impairment and deafness in newborns. Multiple strains of HCMV enable re-infection and convalescent immunity does not protect against risk of congenital CMV (cCMV). Consequently, a cross strain protective CMV vaccine is a high priority. The guinea pig is the only small animal model for cCMV and species specific guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) encodes homolog HCMV viral proteins making it suitable for vaccine studies. Neutralizing antibodies against viral entry glycoprotein complexes and cell free virus are insufficient for complete protection because highly cell associated virus enables evasion. CMV T-cell antigens are important in HCMV convalescent immunity and potentially in reducing the risk of cCMV. Immediate early protein IE1 is essential to HCMV and a T-cell target in humans. In this study, a recombinant defective adenovirus encoding GPCMV IE1 (AdIE1) was evaluated in a preclinical vaccine study. AdIE1 vaccinated animals evoked a T-cell response in a guinea pig IFNγ ELISPOT assay to IE1 (GP123). Vaccinated animals exhibited protection against subcutaneous challenge by GPCMV prototype strain (22122) with viral load substantially reduced compared to the unvaccinated control group and previous Ad based vaccine study against viral pp65 tegument protein. In a vaccine study against cCMV, dams were challenged mid-pregnancy with dual wild type virus strains (22122 and clinical strain TAMYC). At birth, pups were evaluated for viral load in target organs. AdIE1 vaccine had high efficacy against cCMV with GPCMV pup transmission reduced from 92% in the litters of the unvaccinated control group of dams to 23% in the vaccine group resulting in an absence of virus or statistically significant reduction in viral load in pup organs. Overall, IE1 is a more protective T-cell antigen than previously studied pp65 providing cross strain immunity against cCMV in this preclinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yeon Choi
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunology, Texas A&M University, Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Nadia El-Hamdi
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunology, Texas A&M University, Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Alistair McGregor
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis & Immunology, Texas A&M University, Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA.
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2
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Hoel H, Dahl TB, Yang K, Skeie LG, Michelsen AE, Ueland T, Damås JK, Dyrhol-Riise AM, Fevang B, Yndestad A, Aukrust P, Trøseid M, Sandanger Ø. Chronic HIV Infection Increases Monocyte NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent IL-1α and IL-1β Release. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7141. [PMID: 39000248 PMCID: PMC11240952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) has converted HIV from a lethal disease to a chronic condition, yet co-morbidities persist. Incomplete immune recovery and chronic immune activation, especially in the gut mucosa, contribute to these complications. Inflammasomes, multi-protein complexes activated by innate immune receptors, appear to play a role in these inflammatory responses. In particular, preliminary data indicate the involvement of IFI16 and NLRP3 inflammasomes in chronic HIV infection. This study explores inflammasome function in monocytes from people with HIV (PWH); 22 ART-treated with suppressed viremia and 17 untreated PWH were compared to 33 HIV-negative donors. Monocytes were primed with LPS and inflammasomes activated with ATP in vitro. IFI16 and NLRP3 mRNA expression were examined in a subset of donors. IFI16 and NLRP3 expression in unstimulated monocytes correlated negatively with CD4 T cell counts in untreated PWH. For IFI16, there was also a positive correlation with viral load. Monocytes from untreated PWH exhibit increased release of IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF compared to treated PWH and HIV-negative donors. However, circulating monocytes in PWH are not pre-primed for inflammasome activation in vivo. The findings suggest a link between IFI16, NLRP3, and HIV progression, emphasizing their potential role in comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease. The study provides insights into inflammasome regulation in HIV pathogenesis and its implications for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedda Hoel
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, 0440 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tuva Børresdatter Dahl
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Kuan Yang
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Linda Gail Skeie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway; (L.G.S.); (A.M.D.-R.)
| | - Annika Elisabet Michelsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Kristian Damås
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway;
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Olavs Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway; (L.G.S.); (A.M.D.-R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Børre Fevang
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Yndestad
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marius Trøseid
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Sandanger
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway; (H.H.); (T.B.D.); (K.Y.); (A.E.M.); (T.U.); (B.F.); (A.Y.); (P.A.); (M.T.)
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Rheumatology, Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0372 Oslo, Norway
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3
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Marcozzi S, Bigossi G, Giuliani ME, Lai G, Giacconi R, Piacenza F, Malavolta M. Spreading Senescent Cells' Burden and Emerging Therapeutic Targets for Frailty. Cells 2023; 12:2287. [PMID: 37759509 PMCID: PMC10528263 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The spreading of senescent cells' burden holds profound implications for frailty, prompting the exploration of novel therapeutic targets. In this perspective review, we delve into the intricate mechanisms underlying senescent cell spreading, its implications for frailty, and its therapeutic development. We have focused our attention on the emerging age-related biological factors, such as microbiome and virome alterations, elucidating their significant contribution to the loss of control over the accumulation rate of senescent cells, particularly affecting key frailty domains, the musculoskeletal system and cerebral functions. We believe that gaining an understanding of these mechanisms could not only aid in elucidating the involvement of cellular senescence in frailty but also offer diverse therapeutic possibilities, potentially advancing the future development of tailored interventions for these highly diverse patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Marcozzi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.M.); (G.B.); (M.E.G.); (R.G.); (F.P.)
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, 60124 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bigossi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.M.); (G.B.); (M.E.G.); (R.G.); (F.P.)
| | - Maria Elisa Giuliani
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.M.); (G.B.); (M.E.G.); (R.G.); (F.P.)
| | - Giovanni Lai
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.M.); (G.B.); (M.E.G.); (R.G.); (F.P.)
| | - Robertina Giacconi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.M.); (G.B.); (M.E.G.); (R.G.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesco Piacenza
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.M.); (G.B.); (M.E.G.); (R.G.); (F.P.)
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (S.M.); (G.B.); (M.E.G.); (R.G.); (F.P.)
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4
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Carrico AW, Cherenack EM, Rubin LH, McIntosh R, Ghanooni D, Chavez JV, Klatt NR, Paul RH. Through the Looking-Glass: Psychoneuroimmunology and the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis in the Modern Antiretroviral Therapy Era. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:984-994. [PMID: 36044613 PMCID: PMC9553251 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression, substance use disorders, and other neuropsychiatric comorbidities are common in people with HIV (PWH), but the underlying mechanisms are not sufficiently understood. HIV-induced damage to the gastrointestinal tract potentiates residual immune dysregulation in PWH receiving effective antiretroviral therapy. However, few studies among PWH have examined the relevance of microbiome-gut-brain axis: bidirectional crosstalk between the gastrointestinal tract, immune system, and central nervous system. METHODS A narrative review was conducted to integrate findings from 159 articles relevant to psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) and microbiome-gut-brain axis research in PWH. RESULTS Early PNI studies demonstrated that neuroendocrine signaling via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system could partially account for the associations of psychological factors with clinical HIV progression. This review highlights the need for PNI studies examining the mechanistic relevance of the gut microbiota for residual immune dysregulation, tryptophan catabolism, and oxytocin release as key biological determinants of neuropsychiatric comorbidities in PWH (i.e., body-to-mind pathways). It also underscores the continued relevance of neuroendocrine signaling via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system, and oxytocin release in modifying microbiome-gut-brain axis functioning (i.e., mind-to-body pathways). CONCLUSIONS Advancing our understanding of PNI and microbiome-gut-brain axis pathways relevant to depression, substance use disorders, and other neuropsychiatric comorbidities in PWH can guide the development of novel biobehavioral interventions to optimize health outcomes. Recommendations are provided for biobehavioral and neurobehavioral research investigating bidirectional PNI and microbiome-gut-brain axis pathways among PWH in the modern antiretroviral therapy era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam W Carrico
- From the Department of Public Health Sciences (Carrico, Cherenack, Ghanooni, Chavez), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Departments of Neurology (Rubin) and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Rubin), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Department of Epidemiology (Rubin), Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Psychology (McIntosh), University of Miami College of Arts and Sciences, Coral Gables, Florida; Department of Surgery (Klatt), University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Department of Psychological Sciences (Paul), University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
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5
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Kojabad AA, Farzanehpour M, Galeh HEG, Dorostkar R, Jafarpour A, Bolandian M, Nodooshan MM. Droplet digital PCR of viral DNA/RNA, current progress, challenges, and future perspectives. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4182-4197. [PMID: 33538349 PMCID: PMC8013307 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput droplet-based digital PCR (ddPCR) is a refinement of the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. In ddPCR, DNA/RNA is encapsulated stochastically inside the microdroplets as reaction chambers. A small percentage of the reaction chamber contains one or fewer copies of the DNA or RNA. After PCR amplification, concentrations are determined based on the proportion of nonfluorescent partitions through the Poisson distribution. Some of the main features of ddPCR include high sensitivity and specificity, absolute quantification without a standard curve, high reproducibility, good tolerance to PCR inhibitor, and high efficacy compared to conventional molecular methods. These advantages make ddPCR a valuable addition to the virologist's toolbox. The following review outlines the recent technological advances in ddPCR methods and their applications in viral identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Asri Kojabad
- Applied Virology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mahdieh Farzanehpour
- Applied Virology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Ruhollah Dorostkar
- Applied Virology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ali Jafarpour
- Research Center for Clinical VirologyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Masoumeh Bolandian
- Applied Virology Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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6
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Khandazhinskaya AL, Mercurio V, Maslova AA, Ñahui Palomino RA, Novikov MS, Matyugina ES, Paramonova MP, Kukhanova MK, Fedorova NE, Yurlov KI, Kushch AA, Tarasova O, Margolis L, Kochetkov SN, Vanpouille C. Dual-targeted anti-CMV/anti-HIV-1 heterodimers. Biochimie 2021; 189:169-180. [PMID: 34197866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the development of efficient anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) therapy, HIV-1 associated pathogens remain a major clinical problem. Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is among the most common HIV-1 copathogens and one of the main causes of persistent immune activation associated with dysregulation of the immune system, cerebrovascular and cardiovascular pathologies, and premature aging. Here, we report on the development of dual-targeted drugs with activity against both HIV-1 and CMV. We synthesized seven compounds that constitute conjugates of molecules that suppress both pathogens. We showed that all seven compounds exhibit low cytotoxicity and efficiently inhibited both viruses in cell lines. Furthermore, we chose a representative compound and demonstrated that it efficiently suppressed replication of HIV-1 and CMV in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo coinfected with both viruses. Further development of such compounds may lead to the development of dual-targeted anti-CMV/HIV-1 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Mercurio
- Eunice Kennedy-Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anna A Maslova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Rogers Alberto Ñahui Palomino
- Eunice Kennedy-Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mikhail S Novikov
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Chemistry, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., 1, Volgograd, 400131, Russia
| | - Elena S Matyugina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Maria P Paramonova
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Chemistry, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., 1, Volgograd, 400131, Russia
| | - Marina K Kukhanova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Natalya E Fedorova
- Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya Str., 16, Moscow, 123098, Russia
| | - Kirill I Yurlov
- Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya Str., 16, Moscow, 123098, Russia
| | - Alla A Kushch
- Ivanovsky Institute of Virology, Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Gamaleya Str., 16, Moscow, 123098, Russia
| | - Olga Tarasova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya Str., 10, Moscow, 119121, Russia
| | - Leonid Margolis
- Eunice Kennedy-Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sergey N Kochetkov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Vavilova Str., 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Christophe Vanpouille
- Eunice Kennedy-Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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7
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van den Berg SPH, Lanfermeijer J, Jacobi RHJ, Hendriks M, Vos M, van Schuijlenburg R, Nanlohy NM, Borghans JAM, van Beek J, van Baarle D, de Wit J. Latent CMV Infection Is Associated With Lower Influenza Virus-Specific Memory T-Cell Frequencies, but Not With an Impaired T-Cell Response to Acute Influenza Virus Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:663664. [PMID: 34025665 PMCID: PMC8131658 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.663664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is assumed to contribute to the age-associated decline of the immune system. CMV induces large changes in the T-cell pool and may thereby affect other immune responses. CMV is expected to impact especially older adults, who are already at higher risk of severe disease and hospitalization upon infections such as influenza virus (IAV) infection. Here, we investigated the impact of CMV infection on IAV-specific CD8+ T-cell frequencies in healthy individuals (n=96) and the response to IAV infection in older adults (n=72). IAV-specific memory T-cell frequencies were lower in healthy CMV+ older individuals compared to healthy CMV- older individuals. Upon acute IAV infection, CMV serostatus or CMV-specific antibody levels were not negatively associated with IAV-specific T-cell frequencies, function, phenotype or T-cell receptor repertoire diversity. This suggests that specific T-cell responses upon acute IAV infection are not negatively affected by CMV. In addition, we found neither an association between CMV infection and inflammatory cytokine levels in serum during acute IAV infection nor between cytokine levels and the height of the IAV-specific T-cell response upon infection. Finally, CMV infection was not associated with increased severity of influenza-related symptoms. In fact, CMV infection was even associated with increased IAV-specific T-cell responses early upon acute IAV infection. In conclusion, although associated with lower frequencies of memory IAV-specific T cells in healthy individuals, CMV infection does not seem to hamper the induction of a proper T-cell response during acute IAV infection in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P H van den Berg
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Josien Lanfermeijer
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ronald H J Jacobi
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Marion Hendriks
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Vos
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Roos van Schuijlenburg
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Nening M Nanlohy
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - José A M Borghans
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Josine van Beek
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Debbie van Baarle
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jelle de Wit
- Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
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8
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Schoevaerdts D, Sibille FX, Gavazzi G. Infections in the older population: what do we know? Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:689-701. [PMID: 31656032 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01375-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of infections increases with age and results in a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. This rise is not mainly related to chronological age per se but has been linked mostly to individual factors such as immunosenescence; the presence of comorbidities; the occurrence of geriatric syndromes such as poor nutrition, polypharmacy, and cognitive disorders; and the presence of functional impairment concomitant with environmental, healthcare-related and microbiological factors such as the increasing risk of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. The geriatric concept of frailty introduces a new approach for considering the risk of infection; this concept highlights the importance of functional status and is a more comprehensive and multicomponent approach that may help to reverse the vulnerability to stress. The aim of this article is to provide some typical hallmarks of infections among older adults in comparison to younger individuals. The main differences among the older population that are presented are an increased prevalence of infections and potential risk factors, a higher risk of carrying multidrug-resistant microorganisms, an increase in barriers to a prompt diagnosis related to atypical presentations and challenges with diagnostic tools, a higher risk of under- and over-diagnosis, a worse prognosis with a higher risk of acute and chronic complications and a particular need for better communication among all healthcare sectors as they are closely linked together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Schoevaerdts
- Geriatric Department, CHU UCL Namur, Site Godinne, Avenue Dr. Gaston Thérasse, 1, B-5530, Yvoir, Belgium.
| | - François-Xavier Sibille
- Geriatric Department, CHU UCL Namur, Site Godinne, Avenue Dr. Gaston Thérasse, 1, B-5530, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Gaetan Gavazzi
- Geriatric Department, CHU UCL Namur, Site Godinne, Avenue Dr. Gaston Thérasse, 1, B-5530, Yvoir, Belgium
- Service Gériatrie Clinique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Avenue Central 621, 38400, Saint-Martin-d'Hères, France
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9
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Gabuzda D, Jamieson BD, Collman RG, Lederman MM, Burdo TH, Deeks SG, Dittmer DP, Fox HS, Funderburg NT, Pahwa SG, Pandrea I, Wilson CC, Hunt PW. Pathogenesis of Aging and Age-related Comorbidities in People with HIV: Highlights from the HIV ACTION Workshop. Pathog Immun 2020; 5:143-174. [PMID: 32856008 PMCID: PMC7449259 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v5i1.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) experience accentuated biological aging, as defined by markers of inflammation, immune dysfunction, and the epigenetic clock. They also have an elevated risk of multiple age-associated comorbidities. To discuss current knowledge, research gaps, and priorities in aging and age-related comorbidities in treated HIV infection, the NIH program staff organized a workshop held in Bethesda, Maryland in September 2019. This review article describes highlights of discussions led by the Pathogenesis/Basic Science Research working group that focused on three high priority topics: immunopathogenesis; the microbiome/virome; and aging and senescence. We summarize knowledge in these fields and describe key questions for research on the pathogenesis of aging and age-related comorbidities in PWH. Understanding the drivers and mechanisms underlying accentuated biological aging is a high priority that will help identify potential therapeutic targets to improve healthspan in older PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Gabuzda
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology; Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Beth D Jamieson
- Department of Medicine; David Geffen School of Medicine; University of California; Los Angeles, California
| | - Ronald G Collman
- Department of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael M Lederman
- Department of Medicine; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Tricia H Burdo
- Department of Neuroscience; Lewis Katz School of Medicine; Temple University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Steven G Deeks
- Department of Medicine; University of California; San Francisco, California
| | - Dirk P Dittmer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Howard S Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience; University of Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- Division of Medical Laboratory Science; School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences; Ohio State University College of Medicine; Columbus, Ohio
| | - Savita G Pahwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine; Miami, Florida
| | - Ivona Pandrea
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics; School of Medicine; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Cara C Wilson
- Department of Medicine; Division of Infectious Diseases; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora, Colorado
| | - Peter W Hunt
- Department of Medicine; University of California; San Francisco, California
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10
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Leavitt C, Zakai NA, Auer P, Cushman M, Lange EM, Levitan EB, Olson N, Thornton TA, Tracy RP, Wilson JG, Lange LA, Reiner AP, Raffield LM. Interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and cardiovascular disease in African Americans. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231013. [PMID: 32240245 PMCID: PMC7117698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers of chronic inflammation (such as C-reactive protein) have long been associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality; however, biomarkers involved in antiviral cytokine induction and adaptive immune system activation remain largely unexamined. We hypothesized the cytokine interferon gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) would be associated with clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in African Americans. We assessed these associations in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohort and the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. There was a modest association of IP-10 with higher odds of left ventricular hypertrophy (OR = 1.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03, 1.41) per standard deviation (SD) higher natural log-transformed IP-10 in JHS). We did not observe associations with ankle brachial index, intima-media thickness, or arterial calcification. Each SD higher increment of ln-transformed IP-10 concentration was associated with incident heart failure (hazard ratio (HR) 1.26; 95% CI 1.11, 1.42, p = 4x10-4) in JHS, and with overall mortality in both JHS (HR 1.12 per SD, 95% CI 1.03, 1.21, p = 7.5x10-3) and REGARDS (HR 1.31 per SD, 95% CI 1.10, 1.55, p = 2.0 x 10-3), adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and C-reactive protein. However, we found no association between IP-10 and stroke or coronary heart disease. These results suggest a role of IP-10 in heart failure and mortality risk independent of C-reactive protein. Further research is needed to investigate how the body's response to chronic viral infection may mediate heart failure and overall mortality risk in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colton Leavitt
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Neil A. Zakai
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Paul Auer
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Ethan M. Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Emily B. Levitan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Nels Olson
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Timothy A. Thornton
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - James G. Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Alex P. Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Laura M. Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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11
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Leng SX, Margolick JB. Aging, sex, inflammation, frailty, and CMV and HIV infections. Cell Immunol 2020; 348:104024. [PMID: 31843200 PMCID: PMC7002257 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by significant immune remodeling at both cellular and molecular levels, also known as immunosenescence. Older adults often manifest a chronic low-grade inflammatory phenotype. These age-related immune system changes have increasingly been recognized not only to lead to immune functional decline and increased vulnerability to infections, but also to play an important role in many chronic conditions such as frailty in older adults. In addition to sex as an important biological factor, chronic viral infections including that by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are all known to have major impact on the aging immune system. This article provides an overview of our current understanding of aging immunity, sex, inflammation, frailty, and HIV and CMV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean X Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Joseph B Margolick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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