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Guo G, Hu Y, Kong F, Zheng H, Liu G. Evaluation of Heart Rate Recovery in Obese Children and Adolescents With Prehypertension. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2023; 62:1040-1047. [PMID: 36852784 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231151399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Heart rate recovery (HRR), a noninvasive assessment of autonomic nervous function, is widely studied in adults with hypertension or prehypertension. This study aimed to evaluate whether HRR was independently associated with prehypertension in obese children. A total of 326 obese children aged 7 to 16 years were divided into 2 groups: prehypertension group and normal blood pressure (BP) group (control group). Anthropometric indexes, physical activity (PA) information, biochemical parameters, and HRR were collected. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.116; P < .05), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (OR = 1.258; P < .05), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) (OR = 1.087; P < .01), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR = 1.304; P < .01), and HRR values (OR = 0.892; P < .05) were independent risk factors of prehypertension in obese children. Our findings demonstrated decreased HRR was closely associated with prehypertension in obese children, which indicated studying the role of sympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance might be helpful to explore the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Guo
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanjun Kong
- Department of Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Worldpath Clinic International, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hu Z, Liu X, Liao W, Kang N, Ma L, Mao Z, Hou J, Huo W, Li Y, Wang C. Prevalence and Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy Among Older Adults With Hypertension in Chinese Rural Areas. Front Public Health 2022; 10:802195. [PMID: 35299700 PMCID: PMC8921077 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.802195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objectives of the present study were to explore the epidemiological characteristics of hypertension among rural older adults in resource-limited regions, and then evaluate the loss of health-adjusted life expectancy due to hypertension. Methods Participants aged between 60 and 79 years were enrolled from Henan rural cohort study. The prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were detailed across subgroups. Variances within subgroups were identified via Student's t tests or one-way ANOVA for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical ones, and logistic regression model was employed to detect the potential influencing factors. The health-adjusted life expectancy was calculated by the Sullivan method with EuroqOL-5D data. Results Among 16,785 participants, 7,472 (44.52%) were attacked by hypertension, 4,858 (65.02%) had been already aware of their condition, 4,009 (53.65%) were taking antihypertensive medication for treatment, while only 1,478 (19.78%) had their hypertension controlled. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher among women than men and it increased with age for both genders. For the older ones aged 60 years, the life expectancy was 22.0872 years and the health-adjusted life expectancy was 15.5578 and 15.9418 for those with or without hypertension, respectively. Namely, in this particular age group, subjects without hypertension could gain 0.3840 years of health-adjusted life expectancy. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension was relatively high while the awareness, treatment, and control were fairly low. The health-adjusted life expectancy of older adults in resource-limited areas could increase from the reduction of hypertension. There is an urgent need for strategies pertaining to the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Clinical Trial Registration The Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699). Date of registration: 06 July, 2015. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lixia Ma
- Department of Applied Statistics, School of Statistics and Big Data, Henan University of Economics and Law, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuqian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Çam HH, Ustuner Top F. Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Association with Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Among Adolescents in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 57:e29-e33. [PMID: 33010984 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents, with the aim of determining a link between blood pressure and body composition measurements. DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included adolescents aged 14-19 years attending schools. Their body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) measurements were recorded. Blood pressure (BP) was taken three or more times, with an average systolic BP and/or diastolic BP ≥ the 95th percentile was regarded as hypertension. RESULTS The prevalence rates of pre-hypertension and hypertension were 11.2% and 14.8%, respectively. Obese and overweight adolescents had a higher prevalence of hypertension compared with those of normal weight (41.6% and 15.5% versus 6.2%, respectively). Following adjustment for BMI status and WC, significant correlations were observed between overweight/obesity and hypertension. After adjusting for BMI status and WC, abdominal obesity was not associated with hypertension. CONCLUSIONS A comparatively high prevalence of hypertension was found among the adolescents. Obesity and overweight were highly correlated with hypertension. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS School nurses and doctors must describe and address high or raised blood pressure levels in children and adolescents. Because of the high prevalence of hypertension in the obese and overweight adolescents, this study emphasizes the need for the early prevention and control of obesity and hypertension among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Hüseyin Çam
- Yusuf Şerefoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Nursing, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Turkey
| | - Fadime Ustuner Top
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Child Health and Disease Nursing, Giresun University, Turkey.
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Simonyte S, Kuciene R, Dulskiene V, Lesauskaite V. Association between ATP2B1 and CACNB2 polymorphisms and high blood pressure in a population of Lithuanian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019902. [PMID: 29982197 PMCID: PMC6042568 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently, genome-wide associated studies have identified several genetic loci that are associated with elevated blood pressure and could play a critical role in intracellular calcium homeostasis. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of ATP2B1 rs2681472 and CACNB2 rs12258967 gene polymorphisms with high blood pressure (HBP) among Lithuanian children and adolescents aged 12-15 years. STUDY DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS This was a cross-sectional study of a randomly selected sample of 646 12-15-year-old adolescents who participated in the survey 'The Prevalence and Risk Factors of HBP in 12-15 Year-Old Lithuanian Children and Adolescents (from November 2010 to April 2012)'. Anthropometric parameters and BP were measured. The participants with HBP were screened on two separate occasions. Subjects were genotyped ATP2B1 rs2681472 and CACNB2 rs12258967 gene polymorphisms using real-time PCR method. RESULTS The prevalence of HBP was 36.7%, significantly higher for boys than for girls. In the multivariate analysis, after adjustment for body mass index and waist circumference, boys with CACNB2 CG genotype, CACNB2 GG genotype and CACNB2 CG +GG genotype had higher odds of having HBP in codominant (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.92; 95% CI 1.16 to 3.18, p=0.011; and aOR=2.64; 95% CI 1.19 to 5.90, p=0.018) and in dominant (aOR=2.05; 95% CI 1.27 to 3.30, p=0.003) inheritance models. Girls carrying CACNB2 CG genotype and CACNB2 CG +GG genotype had increased odds of HBP in codominant (aOR=1.82; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.24, p=0.044) and in dominant (aOR=1.89; 95% CI 1.09 to 3.28, p=0.023) inheritance models. Furthermore, significant associations were found in additive models separately for boys (aOR=1.72; 95% CI 1.20 to 2.46, p=0.003) and girls (aOR=1.52; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.20, p=0.027). No significant association was found between ATP2B1 gene polymorphism and the odds of HBP. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that CACNB2 gene polymorphism was significantly associated with higher odds of HBP in Lithuanian adolescents aged 12-15 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrita Simonyte
- Institute of Cardiology of the Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Renata Kuciene
- Institute of Cardiology of the Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Virginija Dulskiene
- Institute of Cardiology of the Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaiva Lesauskaite
- Institute of Cardiology of the Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Wu J, Li T, Song X, Sun W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Li L, Yu Y, Liu Y, Qi C, Liu B. Prevalence and distribution of hypertension and related risk factors in Jilin Province, China 2015: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e020126. [PMID: 29599392 PMCID: PMC5875623 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of hypertension and its related factors in Jilin province, China. DESIGN A cross-sectional study in four cities and four rural counties in Jilin as part of a national Chinese study. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A total of 15 206 participants who were ≥15 years old and were selected using a stratified multistage random sampling method. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The prevalence of hypertension. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension in Jilin province was 24.7%. Moreover, the prevalence of hypertension increased with age in both sexes, and was higher in men than in women. The modifiable factors that were associated with hypertension were body mass index, smoking and alcohol drinking. The risk factors identified are similar to those in southern China, except smoking, which has no association with hypertension prevalence in the South. CONCLUSIONS Age, sex, body mass index, smoking and alcohol drinking were risk factors of hypertension. Control of these related risk factors, especially smoking, may be helpful in the treatment and management of hypertension in Jilin province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junduo Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianjing Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yangyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingyu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Longbo Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunpeng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yihang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Hu L, Huang X, You C, Li J, Hong K, Li P, Wu Y, Wu Q, Bao H, Cheng X. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Prehypertension and Hypertension in Southern China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170238. [PMID: 28095471 PMCID: PMC5240940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to describe the prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension in Jiangxi Province, China. Individuals with prehypertension frequently progress into hypertension and are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease and stroke. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 15,296 participants (15 years or older) was conducted in Jiangxi Province, China, in 2013, using questionnaire forms and physical measurements. Results The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 32.3% (39.2% in men and 27.6% in women) and 29.0% (30.1% in men and 28.2% in women), respectively. The awareness, treatment, and control rates among all hypertensive participants were 64.8%, 27.1%, and 12.6%, respectively. The prevalence of prehypertension in males declined with age, but the prevalence of hypertension increased in different genders. The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension increased with increasing body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of prehypertension decreased, in parallel to an increase in the prevalence of hypertension, with increasing waist circumference (WC). A combination of WC and BMI was superior to individual indices in identifying hypertension. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that increasing age, high BMI, high visceral adipose index, and high heart rate were risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension. The high body fat percentage was significantly associated with prehypertension. Living in an urban area, male sex, abdominal obesity, and menopause were correlated with hypertension. Conclusions Prehypertension and hypertension are epidemic in southern China. Further studies are needed to explore an indicator that can represent the visceral fat accurately and has a close relationship with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunjiao You
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinhua Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Huihui Bao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- * E-mail: (XSC); (HHB)
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
- * E-mail: (XSC); (HHB)
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Peterson SJ, Vanella L, Gotlinger K, Jiang H, Singh SP, Sodhi K, Maher E, O’Hanlon K, Shapiro JI, Abraham NG. Oxidized HDL is a potent inducer of adipogenesis and causes activation of the Ang-II and 20-HETE systems in human obese females. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2016; 123:68-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Prevalence and Correlates of Prehypertension and Hypertension among Adults in Northeastern China: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 13:82. [PMID: 26712776 PMCID: PMC4730473 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Prehypertension is a category between normotension and hypertension that is becoming increasingly common in China. However, limited data are available on the prevalence and correlates of prehypertension in northeastern China. Methods: A cross-sectional study using stratified, clustered multistage, and random sampling methods was performed on 17,584 participants. Results: The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 36.0% and 30.8% in northeastern China, respectively. As age increased, the prevalence of prehypertension in males declined (p-trend < 0.001), in parallel to an increase in the prevalence of hypertension (p-trend < 0.001). The prevalence of hypertension for females increased as age increased (p-trend < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, location, drinking, Body Mass Index (BMI), abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia correlated with prehypertension and hypertension (p-trend < 0.05). Conclusions: This study revealed a high prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in an adult population of northeastern China and some correlates of prehypertension and hypertension.
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Odunaiya NA, Louw QA, Grimmer KA. Are lifestyle cardiovascular disease risk factors associated with pre-hypertension in 15-18 years rural Nigerian youth? A cross sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015; 15:144. [PMID: 26537355 PMCID: PMC4632346 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-015-0134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a public health concern worldwide. Hypertensive heart disease is predominant in Nigeria. To effectively reduce CVD in Nigeria, the prevalence of, and factors associated with, pre-hypertension in Nigerian youth first need to be established. METHODS A locally-validated CVD risk factor survey was completed by 15-18 year olds in a rural setting in south-west Nigeria. Body Mass Index (BMI), waist-hip ratio and systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured. Putative risk factors were tested in gender-specific hypothesized causal pathways for overweight/obesity, and for pre-hypertension. RESULTS Of 1079 participants, prevalence of systolic pre-hypertension was 33.2 %, diastolic pre-hypertension prevalence approximated 5 %, and hypertension occurred in less than 10 % sample. There were no gender differences in prevalence of pre- hypertension, and significant predictors of systolic pre-hypertension (high BMI and older age) were identified. Considering high BMI, older age was a risk for both genders, whilst fried food preference was female-only risk, and low breakfast cereal intake was a male-only risk. CONCLUSION Rural Nigerian adolescents are at-risk of future CVD because of lifestyle factors, and high prevalence of systolic pre-hypertension. Relevant interventions can now be proposed to reduce BMI and thus ameliorate future rural adult Nigerian CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Odunaiya
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Q A Louw
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - K A Grimmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
- International Center for Allied Health Evidence, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
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Kuciene R, Dulskiene V, Medzioniene J. Association of neck circumference and high blood pressure in children and adolescents: a case-control study. BMC Pediatr 2015; 15:127. [PMID: 26383844 PMCID: PMC4574610 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-015-0444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background High blood pressure (BP) is a serious, common and growing global public health problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between high NC (neck circumference) alone and in combinations with BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), and high BP among Lithuanian children and adolescents aged 12 to 15 years. Methods An epidemiological case–control study was performed between May 2012 and November 2013. NC, WC, hip circumference (HC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), body height, weight, and BP were measured. The participants with high BP (≥90th percentile) were screened on two separate occasions. Data on NC, WC, HC, MUAC, BMI, body adiposity index (BAI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and BP were analyzed in 1947 children and adolescents aged 12–15 years. Age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the associations were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models. Results The prevalence rates of prehypertension (BP ≥90th– < 95th percentile) and hypertension (BP ≥95th percentile) was 6.3 and 25.1 %, respectively. The overall prevalence of high NC (if NC was in the ≥90th percentile), overweight/obesity (as measured by BMI), and abdominal overweight/obesity (if WC was in the ≥75th percentile) were 14.3, 15.8, and 13 %, respectively. After adjustment for age and sex, NC in the ≥90th percentile was significantly associated with an increased risk of elevated BP (prehypertension: aOR = 2.99; 95 % CI, 1.88–4.77; hypertension aOR = 4.05; 95 % CI, 3.03–5.41, and prehypertension/hypertension aOR = 3.75; 95 % CI, 2.86–4.91), compared to the participants with NC in the <90th percentile. Overweight/obesity and abdominal overweight/obesity were also significantly associated with an elevated BP. The combinations including both risk factors (high NC with overweight/obesity, and high NC with abdominal overweight/obesity) showed higher aORs than those with either risk factor alone. Conclusions High NC alone—but particularly in combinations with overweight/obesity and abdominal overweight/obesity—was associated with an increased risk of high BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kuciene
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu ave. 17, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Virginija Dulskiene
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu ave. 17, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Jurate Medzioniene
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu ave. 17, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Xu T, Zhu G, Liu J, Han S. Gender-specific prevalence and associated risk factors of high normal blood pressure and hypertension among multi-ethnic Chinese adolescents aged 8-18 years old. Blood Press 2015; 24:189-95. [PMID: 25830569 DOI: 10.3109/08037051.2015.1025474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM To date, accurate reports about the prevalence of high normal blood pressure (BP) and hypertension among Chinese adolescents have been rare. We examine the sex-specific and age-specific prevalence of high normal BP and hypertension, and the associated risk factors among multi-ethnic Chinese adolescents from a large and representative sample. METHODS 29,997 adolescents aged 8-18 years old received blood pressure measurement on one clinical visit. RESULTS The overall prevalence was 4.15% for hypertension (4.73% for boys and 3.62% for girls) and 29.85% for high normal BP (33.40% for boys and 26.65% for girls). The odds ratios (ORs) increased with age, but the absolute changes of ORs were significantly different between boys and girls. Compared with that of the Han counterparts, the risk of high normal BP was 1.960-fold, 1.283-fold and 1.618-fold for Yi boys, Mongolian boys and Yi girls, respectively, whereas the OR was 0.440 for Tibetan boys, 0.492 for Tibetan girls and 0.794 for Korean girls. Compared with those of normal weight, overweight and obese adolescents had significantly increased risk of high normal BP (OR = 3.377 for obese boys and OR = 2.009 for overweight boys; OR = 2.865 for obese girls and OR = 1.738 for overweight girls). Rural adolescents had a higher risk of hypertension than those living in urban areas. CONCLUSION The prevalence of high normal BP and hypertension was high in Chinese adolescents. Age, ethnicity, obesity, overweight, abnormal waist circumference, family history of cardiovascular diseases and dwelling at rural districts were significantly associated with pediatric high normal BP or hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100005 , China
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Dulskiene V, Kuciene R, Medzioniene J, Benetis R. Association between obesity and high blood pressure among Lithuanian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Ital J Pediatr 2014; 40:102. [PMID: 25492217 PMCID: PMC4265335 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-014-0102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) has significantly increased among children and adolescents in various countries of the world. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity and prehypertension and hypertension among Lithuanian adolescents aged 12-15 years. METHODS The subjects with increased BP (≥90th percentile) were screened on two separate occasions. Data on the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and BP were analysed in 7,457 adolescents aged 12-15 years. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS After two screenings, the study participants were categorised as prehypertensive (12.8%), hypertensive (22.2%), and normotensive (65%). The overall prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity (if WC was in the ≥75th percentile) were 12.1%, 2.4%, and 9%, respectively. After adjusting for age and sex, significant associations were found between overweight and obesity and high BP, namely, prehypertension (overweight: aOR = 2.62; 95% CI 2.13-3.23; obesity: aOR = 4.81; 95% CI 3.08-7.52) and hypertension (overweight: aOR = 3.56; 95% CI 3.02-4.19; obesity: aOR = 6.64; 95% CI 4.65-9.49). Prehypertension was found to be significantly associated with WC in the 75th- < 90th percentiles (aOR = 3.16; 95% CI 2.43-4.10) and WC in the ≥90th percentile (aOR = 4.08; 95% CI 2.35-7.10). For hypertension, significant associations were detected with WC in the 75th- < 90th percentiles (aOR = 3.92; 95% CI 3.18-4.82) and WC in the ≥90th percentile (aOR = 7.41; 95% CI 4.97-11.05). CONCLUSIONS Overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity were associated with prehypertension and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginija Dulskiene
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu ave. 17, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Renata Kuciene
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu ave. 17, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Jurate Medzioniene
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu ave. 17, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Rimantas Benetis
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu ave. 17, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Prehypertension and Hypertension among Schoolchildren in Brazzaville, Congo. Int J Hypertens 2014; 2014:803690. [PMID: 24963398 PMCID: PMC4054926 DOI: 10.1155/2014/803690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. To determine the prevalence and associated factors of prehypertension (pre-HT) and hypertension (HT) in schoolchildren at Brazzaville (Congo). Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2011 in five representative urban schools in Brazzaville. American Pediatric Society's definition of pre-HT and HT was used. The measurement of blood pressure was obtained using auscultator method. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to establish associations between blood pressure levels and sociobiographical factors. Results. 603 children were included. The mean age was 11.8 ± 3.6 years (range 5-18 years). The prevalence of pre-HT was 20.7% (n = 125). Factors associated with pre-HT were secondary school (P = 0.02), private schools (P < 0.004), migrants (P = 0.03), the obese (P = 0.004), high socioeconomic level (P < 0.01), and overweight (P = 0.02). In logistic regression, the independent determinants of pre-HT were secondary school (P = 0.0001), migration (P = 0.04), obesity (P = 0.004), and overweight (P = 0.01). The prevalence of HT was 10.1% (n = 61) during the first screening and 3.3% (n = 20) in second screening. The independent determinants of HT were obesity (P = 0.0001) and overweight (P = 0.0001). Conclusion. Pre-HT and HT are emerging as a mass problem in Congolese schoolchildren with urban migration and overweight/obesity to be controlled and prevented.
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