1
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Kabir M, Stuart HM, Lopes FM, Fotiou E, Keavney B, Doig AJ, Woolf AS, Hentges KE. Predicting congenital renal tract malformation genes using machine learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13204. [PMID: 37580336 PMCID: PMC10425350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital renal tract malformations (RTMs) are the major cause of severe kidney failure in children. Studies to date have identified defined genetic causes for only a minority of human RTMs. While some RTMs may be caused by poorly defined environmental perturbations affecting organogenesis, it is likely that numerous causative genetic variants have yet to be identified. Unfortunately, the speed of discovering further genetic causes for RTMs is limited by challenges in prioritising candidate genes harbouring sequence variants. Here, we exploited the computer-based artificial intelligence methodology of supervised machine learning to identify genes with a high probability of being involved in renal development. These genes, when mutated, are promising candidates for causing RTMs. With this methodology, the machine learning classifier determines which attributes are common to renal development genes and identifies genes possessing these attributes. Here we report the validation of an RTM gene classifier and provide predictions of the RTM association status for all protein-coding genes in the mouse genome. Overall, our predictions, whilst not definitive, can inform the prioritisation of genes when evaluating patient sequence data for genetic diagnosis. This knowledge of renal developmental genes will accelerate the processes of reaching a genetic diagnosis for patients born with RTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Kabir
- CentreDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Helen M Stuart
- CentreDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Filipa M Lopes
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Elisavet Fotiou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- C.B.B Lifeline Biotech Ltd, 5 Propontidos Street, Strovolos, 2033, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Bernard Keavney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Heart Institute, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Andrew J Doig
- Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Manchester, M13 9BL, UK
| | - Adrian S Woolf
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Kathryn E Hentges
- CentreDivision of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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2
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Yang Z, Wang YX, Wen JK, Gao HT, Han ZW, Qi JC, Gu JF, Zhao CM, Zhang H, Shi B, Wang DD, Wang XL, Qu CB. SF3B4 promotes Twist1 expression and clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by facilitating the export of KLF 16 mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:26. [PMID: 36639679 PMCID: PMC9839716 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05534-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Splicing factor 3B subunit 4 (SF3B4) plays important functional roles not only in pre-mRNA splicing, but also in the regulation of transcription, translation, and cell signaling, and its dysregulation contributes to various diseases including Nager syndrome and tumorigenesis. However, the role of SF3B4 and underlying mechanisms in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain obscure. In the present study, we found that the expression of SF3B4 was significantly elevated in ccRCC tissues and negatively correlated with the overall survival of ccRCC patients. Upregulation of SF3B4 promotes migration and invasion of ccRCC cells in vitro and in vivo. The promoting effect of SF3B4 on cell migration and invasion is mediated by Twist1, a key transcription factor to mediate EMT. Interestingly, SF3B4, a component of the pre-mRNA spliceosome, is able to promote KLF16 expression by facilitating the transport of KLF16 mRNA into the cytoplasm. Mechanistically, SF3B4 promotes the export of KLF16 mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and thus enhances KLF16 expression, and in turn elevated KLF16 directly binds to the Twist1 promoter to activate its transcription, leading to EMT and ccRCC progression. Our findings provide evidence that the SF3B4-KLF16-Twist1 axis plays important functional roles in the development and progression of ccRCC, and manipulating this pathway may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Talent and Academic Exchange Center, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhang, China
| | - Ya-Xuan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jin-Kun Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Hai-Tao Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Han
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jin-Chun Qi
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jun-Fei Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Chen-Ming Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Chang-Bao Qu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
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3
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Zhu P, Liu HY, Liu FC, Gu FM, Yuan SX, Huang J, Pan ZY, Wang WJ. Circulating Tumor Cells Expressing Krüppel-Like Factor 8 and Vimentin as Predictors of Poor Prognosis in Pancreatic Cancer Patients. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211027163. [PMID: 34378430 PMCID: PMC8361509 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211027163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with an epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype in peripheral blood may be a useful marker of carcinomas with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of CTCs expressing Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) and vimentin in pancreatic cancer (PC). METHODS CTCs were isolated by immunomagnetic separation from the peripheral blood of 40 PC patients before undergoing surgical resection. Immunocytochemistry was performed to identify KLF8+ and vimentin+ CTCs. The associations between CTCs and time to recurrence (TTR), clinicopathologic factors, and survival were assessed. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed to identify risk factors. RESULTS Patients with CTCs (n = 30) had a higher relapse rate compared to those without (n = 10) (70.0% vs 20.0%; P < 0.01). The proportion of KLF8+/vimentin+ CTCs to total CTCs was inversely related to TTR (r = -0.646; P < 0.01); TTR was reduced in patients with > 50% of CTCs identified as KLF8+/vimentin+ (P < 0.01). Independent risk factors for recurrence were perineural invasion and > 50% KLF8+/vimentin+ CTCs (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Poor prognosis can be predicted in PC patients when > 50% of CTCs are positive for KLF8 and vimentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery (III), Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ying Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Chen Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery (III), Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Ming Gu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery (III), Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Xian Yuan
- Department of Hepatic Surgery (III), Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery (III), Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Ya Pan
- Department of Hepatic Surgery (III), Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Jun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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4
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Kumar S, Behera A, Saha P, Kumar Srivastava A. The role of Krüppel-like factor 8 in cancer biology: Current research and its clinical relevance. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 183:114351. [PMID: 33253644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, ranked second after heart disease. Despite recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment, there are still numerous problems associated with cancer progression, disease recurrence, and therapeutic resistance that are partially explored. Several studies have recently revealed that Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) regulates transcription of genes linked with diverse biological processes, including proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, invasion, and inflammation. KLF8 is expressed ubiquitously in mammalian cells, and its aberrant expression has been manifested with several cancer types. Earlier studies demonstrated the crucial role of KLF8 in DNA repair and resistance to apoptosis in numerous cancer types. Hence, studying the function of KLF8 from the perspective of cancer progression and therapy resistance would help develop a new therapeutic avenue. In this review, we summarize the clinical relevance of KLF8 expression in various malignancies, focusing on recent updates in EMT, cellular signaling, and cancer stem cells. We also address the contribution of KLF8 in development, DNA repair, chemoresistance, and its clinical utility as a predictive biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, AP, India.
| | - Abhijeet Behera
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, AP, India.
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India.
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB, India.
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5
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Cheng S, Zhang X, Xu Y, Dai X, Li J, Zhang T, Chen X. Krüppel-like factor 8 regulates VEGFA expression and angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17415. [PMID: 30479372 PMCID: PMC6258679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35786-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis plays a critical role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and progression, but its mechanism is unclear. Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) is a transcription factor that plays an important role in HCC progression. Here, we investigated the role of KLF8 in angiogenesis in HCC and its possible mechanism. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, promoter reporter assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and nude mouse tumor models were used to show that the mRNA and protein expression levels of KLF8 and VEGFA are highly correlated in HCC tissue samples. The up-regulation of KLF8 increased VEGFA protein levels and induced VEGFA promoter activity by binding to the CACCC region of the VEGFA promoter. In addition, KLF8 regulated HIF-1α and Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression. The PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 inhibited KLF8-induced VEGFA expression, whereas PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins, such as P-PDK1(Ser241) and P-AKT(Thr308), were decreased significantly. KLF8-overexpressing HCC cells had a higher potential for inducing angiogenesis. Thus, our results indicate that KLF8 may induce angiogenesis in HCC by binding to the CACCC region of the VEGFA promoter to induce VEGFA promoter activity and through FAK to activate PI3K/AKT signaling to regulate HIF-1α expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanuo Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingping Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaobo Dai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiachu Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaopin Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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6
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Krüppel-Like Factor 8 Overexpression Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 25:115-121. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Bian T, Jiang D, Liu J, Yuan X, Feng J, Li Q, Zhang Q, Li X, Liu Y, Zhang J. miR-1236-3p suppresses the migration and invasion by targeting KLF8 in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 492:461-467. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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8
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Yi X, Zai H, Long X, Wang X, Li W, Li Y. Krüppel-like factor 8 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and promotes invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through transcriptional activation of four and a half LIM-only protein 2. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4883-4889. [PMID: 28943967 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive types of cancer with an extremely poor prognosis. Invasive growth and early metastasis is one of the greatest challenges to overcome for the treatment of PC. Numerous previous studies have indicated that the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) and nuclear cofactor four and a half LIM-only protein 2 (FHL2) serve important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression; however, their roles in PC remain elusive. The present study revealed that KLF8 and FHL2 expression is aberrantly co-overexpressed in PC tissue samples and associated with tumor metastasis. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the expression levels of KLF8 and FHL2 was observed. Subsequently, the present study identified KLF8 as a critical inducer of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion. Of note, the present study demonstrated that KLF8 overexpression induced a strong increase in FHL2 expression, and subsequent promoter reporter assays determined that KLF8 directly bound and activated the FHL2 gene promoter. Furthermore, FHL2 knockdown in KLF8-overexpressing cells partially reversed the EMT and invasive phenotypes. The present study identified KLF8-induced FHL2 activation as a novel and critical signaling mechanism underlying human PC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yi
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China.,Postdoctoral Research Workstation of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zai
- Department of General Surgery, Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Long
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yixiong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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9
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Liu Y, Yao X, Zhang Q, Qian L, Feng J, Bian T, Zhang J, Tian Y. Expression of Kruppel-like factor 8 and Ki67 in lung adenocarcinoma and prognosis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1351-1356. [PMID: 28810596 PMCID: PMC5526062 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Kruppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) belongs to the KLF family and has various roles in the regulation of the cell cycle, proliferation and tumor genesis. KLF8 is overexpressed in gastric, ovarian, breast and renal cancer. Additionally, KLF8 may affect invasion and metastasis of tumors. However, whether KLF8 also acts as an ontogeny in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the association between KLF8 expression and various clinical and pathological parameters. Western blot assays and immune histochemistry analyses revealed that KLF8 level in LAC tissues was higher than that in the normal lung tissues and KLF8 expression was significantly associated with clinical variables (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that high expression of KLF8 was related to poor prognosis in patients with LAC. The present study also demonstrated that KLF8 was involved in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. This data suggested that KLF8 may act as a prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiufang Yao
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Rudong, Nantong, Jiangsu 226401, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jia Feng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Bian
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
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10
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Yi X, Li Y, Zai H, Long X, Li W. KLF8 knockdown triggered growth inhibition and induced cell phase arrest in human pancreatic cancer cells. Gene 2016; 585:22-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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SHI XINPENG, LUO XIAOYONG, YAN QINGQING, ZHANG WENJING, WU YAO, ZHANG MENGNAN, ZHAO JINJUN, PENG YING, CHEN YE, ZHANG YALI, CHEN CUNLONG, CHENG TIANMING, CHEN CHUDI, LIU SIDE, BAI YANG, WANG JIDE. Suppression of KLF8 induces cell differentiation and sensitizes colorectal cancer to 5-fluorouracil. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1221-30. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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12
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Loesch K, Galaviz S, Hamoui Z, Clanton R, Akabani G, Deveau M, DeJesus M, Ioerger T, Sacchettini JC, Wallis D. Functional genomics screening utilizing mutant mouse embryonic stem cells identifies novel radiation-response genes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120534. [PMID: 25853515 PMCID: PMC4390347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the genetic determinants of radiation response is crucial to optimizing and individualizing radiotherapy for cancer patients. In order to identify genes that are involved in enhanced sensitivity or resistance to radiation, a library of stable mutant murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs), each with a defined mutation, was screened for cell viability and gene expression in response to radiation exposure. We focused on a cancer-relevant subset of over 500 mutant ESC lines. We identified 13 genes; 7 genes that have been previously implicated in radiation response and 6 other genes that have never been implicated in radiation response. After screening, proteomic analysis showed enrichment for genes involved in cellular component disassembly (e.g. Dstn and Pex14) and regulation of growth (e.g. Adnp2, Epc1, and Ing4). Overall, the best targets with the highest potential for sensitizing cancer cells to radiation were Dstn and Map2k6, and the best targets for enhancing resistance to radiation were Iqgap and Vcan. Hence, we provide compelling evidence that screening mutant ESCs is a powerful approach to identify genes that alter radiation response. Ultimately, this knowledge can be used to define genetic variants or therapeutic targets that will enhance clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Loesch
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Stacy Galaviz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zaher Hamoui
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ryan Clanton
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gamal Akabani
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Texas A&M Institute for Preclinical Studies, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael Deveau
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael DeJesus
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thomas Ioerger
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - James C. Sacchettini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Deeann Wallis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Wang J, Hu JL, Cao RB, Ding Q, Peng G, Fei SJ, Jiang Y, Li PC, Yang KY, Zhang WJ, Wu G, Wang RZ, Li PD. Small hairpin RNA-mediated Krüppel-like factor 8 gene knockdown inhibits invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:2515-2519. [PMID: 26137099 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to characterize the expression of Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) in nasopahryngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines and determine its effect on tumor development and invasion following KLF8 gene knockdown by small hairpin RNA (shRNA). KLF8 expression in four NPC cell lines was examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. KLF8 was knocked down in the SUNE1-5-8F/Sh-KLF8 cell line using shRNA, and the resulting stable cell line SUNE1-5-8F-sh-KLF8 was transplanted into nude mice in order to observe tumor formation and invasion. The results obtained from qPCR and western blotting revealed that, of the four NPC cell lines, KLF8 expression was lowest in the CNE-1 cells and highest in the SUNE1-5-8F cells. The tumor xenograft mouse models revealed that SUNE1-5-8F/Sh-KLF8 cells had a reduced ability for tumor formation and invasion compared with the control group. These results demonstrated for the first time that KLF8 modulates the formation and invasive ability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Ru Bo Cao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Qian Ding
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Gang Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Shi Jiang Fei
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Peng Cheng Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Kun Yu Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Wen Jie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
| | - Ruo Zheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Pin Dong Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, P.R. China
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14
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Zhang Y, Hao J, Zheng Y, Jing D, Shen Y, Wang J, Zhao Z. Role of Krüppel-like factors in cancer stem cells. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 71:155-64. [PMID: 25616500 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), or cancer cells with stem cell properties, are a rare population of tumor bulk and are recognized to be responsible for cancer recurrence, drug resistance, and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms of how to regulate the differentiation and self-renewing of CSCs are poorly understood. Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are essential DNA-binding transcriptional regulators with diverse functions in various cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, inflammation, migration, and pluripotency. Recent progress has highlighted the significance of KLFs in tumor progression and CSCs. The regulatory functions of KLFs in the development of cancer and CSCs have become a burgeoning area of intense research. In this review, we summarize the current understanding and progress of the transcriptional regulation of KLFs in CSCs and discuss the functional implications of targeting CSCs by KLFs for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueling Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd section of Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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15
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Tsai MY, Lu YF, Liu YH, Lien HW, Huang CJ, Wu JL, Hwang SPL. Modulation of p53 and met expression by Krüppel-like factor 8 regulates zebrafish cerebellar development. Dev Neurobiol 2014; 75:908-26. [PMID: 25528982 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 8 (Klf8) is a zinc-finger transcription factor implicated in cell proliferation, and cancer cell survival and invasion; however, little is known about its role in normal embryonic development. Here, we show that Klf8 is required for normal cerebellar development in zebrafish embryos. Morpholino knockdown of klf8 resulted in abnormal cerebellar primordium morphology and the induction of p53 in the brain region at 24 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Both p53-dependent reduction of cell proliferation and augmentation of apoptosis were observed in the cerebellar anlage of 24 hpf-klf8 morphants. In klf8 morphants, expression of ptf1a in the ventricular zone was decreased from 48 to 72 hpf; on the other hand, expression of atohla in the upper rhombic lip was unaffected. Consistent with this finding, Purkinje cell development was perturbed and granule cell number was reduced in 72 hpf-klf8 morphants; co-injection of p53 MO(sp) or klf8 mRNA substantially rescued development of cerebellar Purkinje cells in klf8 morphants. Hepatocyte growth factor/Met signaling is known to regulate cerebellar development in zebrafish and mouse. We observed decreased met expression in the tectum and rhombomere 1 of 24 hpf-klf8 morphants, which was largely rescued by co-injection with klf8 mRNA. Moreover, co-injection of met mRNA substantially rescued formation of Purkinje cells in klf8 morphants at 72 hpf. Together, these results demonstrate that Klf8 modulates expression of p53 and met to maintain ptf1a-expressing neuronal progenitors, which are required for the appropriate development of cerebellar Purkinje and granule cells in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yuan Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Fen Lu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, 115, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hsiu Liu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, 115, Republic of China.,Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617, Republic of China
| | - Huang-Wei Lien
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, 115, Republic of China
| | - Chang-Jen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, 115, Republic of China
| | - Jen-Leih Wu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, 115, Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Ping L Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Neihu, Taipei, Taiwan, 114, Republic of China.,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, 115, Republic of China
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16
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Liu N, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Pang H, Zhou J, Qian P, Liu L, Zhang H. Krüppel-like factor 8 involved in hypoxia promotes the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer via epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2397-404. [PMID: 25333643 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that hypoxia was able to induce invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer and that hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key factor involved in this tumor type. Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) as a transcriptional repressor has been suggested as a promoter of tumor metastasis in breast cancer and an inducer of the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT). KLF8 is also highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, contributing to poor prognosis. However, the association between KLF8 and HIF-1 in regulating the progression of human gastric cancer in hypoxia is unclear. In the present study, we found that KLF8 was overexpressed in gastric cancer metastatic tissues and cells. Additionally, KLF8 siRNA significantly inhibited SGC7901 cell invasion and migration compared with SGC7901, SGC7901/Scr-si cells. Hypoxia is thus able to induce KLF8 expression and EMT in SGC7901 cells. However, following the examination of changes in cell morphology and epithelial and mesenchymal markers, it was found that KLF8 siRNA and HIF-1 siRNA strongly reversed EMT in cells undergoing hypoxia. Furthermore, hypoxia-induced KLF8 overexpression was attenuated by HIF-1 siRNA. Experiments using luciferase promoter constructs resulted in a marked increase in the activity of cells exposed to hypoxia and decreased activity in cells co-transfected with HIF-1 siRNA. The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed proximal HRE at -133 is the main HIF-1 binding site in the KLF8 promoter. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that KLF8 is actively enhanced by hypoxia and is a novel HIF-1 target. KLF8 is a novel EMT regulating transcription factor that involved in the progression of gastric cancer. The specific anti-EMT drugs in combination with anti-hypoxia are new promising cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Yafang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Yongan Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Hailin Pang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Pei Qian
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Lili Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Helong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
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17
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Zhang H, Sun L, Xiao X, Xie R, Liu C, Wang Y, Wei Y, Zhang H, Liu L. Krüppel-like factor 8 contributes to hypoxia-induced MDR in gastric cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:1109-15. [PMID: 25040744 PMCID: PMC4462403 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that hypoxia-induced MDR in gastric cancer (GC) cells is hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)-dependent. However, the exact mechanisms are still unknown. Our previous study revealed that Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8), a novel transcription factor, was associated with malignant phenotype in GC cells. KLF8 is overexpressed in clear cell renal carcinoma lacking von Hippel-Lindau protein function, which resulted in HIF-1 stabilization. Given this association, we hypothesized that KLF8 contributed to hypoxia-induced MDR in GC cells. Initial experiments revealed that hypoxia could increase KLF8 and HIF-1α expressions in GC cells, and KLF8 levels in GC drug-resistant cell lines were higher than in parental cell lines. Subsequent experiments showed that in normoxia, exogenous KLF8 could promote the MDR phenotype; however, blocking KLF8 expression could effectively reverse the MDR phenotype induced by hypoxia. Overexpressed KLF8 increased resistance-associated gene MDR1 mRNA levels, Bcl-2 and P-gp protein levels, and decreased Bax and caspase-3 protein levels in GC cells, and knockout KLF8 reversed these effects. Dual luciferase reporter and ChIP assays showed that KLF8 could promote MDR1 transcriptional activity by combining with KLF8 binding sites located in the upstream of MDR1 transcriptional start site. These results suggest that KLF8 is involved in hypoxia-induced MDR through inhibiting apoptosis and increasing the drug release rate by directly regulating MDR1 transcription. This study aims to discuss whether KLF8 involves in hypoxia-induced multi-drug resistance and its mechanism. Our results showed that hypoxia could increase KLF8 expression in gastric cancer cells. Meanwhile, we found that KLF8 contributed to hypoxia-induced multi-drug resistance via regulating MDR1 directly. Through this research, we found a new target gene of KLF8 and further clarified the mechanism of multi-drug resistance happened in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Xi'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
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18
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Govindaraju S, Lee BS. Krüppel -like factor 8 is a stress-responsive transcription factor that regulates expression of HuR. Cell Physiol Biochem 2014; 34:519-32. [PMID: 25116351 DOI: 10.1159/000363019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS HuR is an RNA-binding protein that regulates the post-transcriptional life of thousands of cellular mRNAs and promotes cell survival. HuR is expressed as two mRNA transcripts that are differentially regulated by cell stress. The goal of this study is to define factors that promote transcription of the longer alternate form. METHODS Effects of transcription factors on HuR expression were determined by inhibition or overexpression of these factors followed by competitive RT-PCR, gel mobility shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Transcription factor expression patterns were identified through competitive RT-PCR and Western analysis. Stress responses were assayed in thapsigargin-treated proximal tubule cells and in ischemic rat kidney. RESULTS A previously described NF-κB site and a newly identified Sp/KLF factor binding site were shown to be important for transcription of the long HuR mRNA. KLF8, but not Sp1, was shown to bind this site and increase HuR mRNA levels. Cellular stress in cultured or native proximal tubule cells resulted in a rapid decrease of KLF8 levels that paralleled those of the long HuR mRNA variant. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that KLF8 can participate in regulating expression of alternate forms of HuR mRNA along with NF-κB and other factors, depending on cellular contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Govindaraju
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Ohio State Biochemistry Program, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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19
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Lin F, Shen Z, Tang LN, Zheng SE, Sun YJ, Min DL, Yao Y. KLF8 knockdown suppresses proliferation and invasion in human osteosarcoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:1613-7. [PMID: 24604387 PMCID: PMC4020472 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) is a transcription factor that is important in the regulation of the cell cycle and has a critical role in oncogenic transformation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is a key process in tumor metastasis. Although overexpression of KLF8 has been observed in a variety of human tumor types, the role of KLF8 in human osteosarcoma is yet to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the biological impact of KLF8 on Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells. KLF8 gene expression was knocked down in vitro using a lentivirus-mediated small interfering (si)RNA method. Cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were evaluated using 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-yl)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide and colony formation assays, and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell invasion was analyzed using a Transwell® invasion assay. Knockdown of KLF8 was found to significantly inhibit proliferation and invasion in osteosarcoma cells. These data suggest that KLF8 may exhibit an important role in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and that KLF8 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- Graduate School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Li-Na Tang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Shui-Er Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Jue Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Da-Liu Min
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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20
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Hsu LS, Wu PR, Yeh KT, Yeh CM, Shen KH, Chen CJ, Soon MS. Positive nuclear expression of KLF8 might be correlated with shorter survival in gastric adenocarcinoma. Ann Diagn Pathol 2013; 18:74-7. [PMID: 24461703 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Krűppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) is important in cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, and invasion. Gastric adenocarcinoma is among the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. In this study, the clinicopathologic correlation of KLF8 expression with gastric adenocarcinoma in Taiwan was investigated. The nuclear localization of KLF8 was correlated with advanced stage (P = .008) and 3-year survival rate (P = .043). The nuclear expression of KLF8 was significantly higher in the diffused type of gastric adenocarcinoma compared with the intestinal type (P = .036). Kaplan-Meier analysis results showed that patients with positive nuclear KLF8 had significantly lower overall survival rate compared with those with negative nuclear KLF8 (P = .011). Univariate analysis results indicated that positive nuclear KLF8 expression, advanced stage, and lymph node metastasis are correlated with lower overall survival. Positive nuclear KLF8 might be correlated with lower survival in gastric adenocarcinoma patients and might be an oncogene property in gastric adenocarcinoma carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Wu
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Min Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Hung Shen
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Maw-Soan Soon
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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21
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Wang WF, Li J, Du LT, Wang LL, Yang YM, Liu YM, Liu H, Zhang X, Dong ZG, Zheng GX, Wang CX. Krüppel-like factor 8 overexpression is correlated with angiogenesis and poor prognosis in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:4309-4315. [PMID: 23885141 PMCID: PMC3718898 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i27.4309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) expression in gastric cancer and its relationship with angiogenesis and prognosis of gastric cancer.
METHODS: One hundred and fifty-four patients with gastric cancer who underwent successful curative resection were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Fifty tumor-adjacent healthy gastric tissues (≥ 5 cm from the tumor margin) obtained during the original resection were randomly selected for comparative analysis. In situ expression of KLF8 and CD34 proteins were examined by immunohistochemistry. The intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) was determined by manually counting the immunostained CD34-positive endothelial cells in three consecutive high-magnification fields (× 200). The relationship between differential KLF8 expression and MVD was assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient test. χ2 test was performed to evaluate the effects of differential KLF8 expression on clinicopathologic factors. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox survival analyses were used to assess the prognostic value of differential KLF8 expression in gastric cancer.
RESULTS: Significantly higher levels of KLF8 protein were detected in gastric cancer tissues than in the adjacent non-cancerous tissues (54.5% vs 34.0%, P < 0.05). KLF8 expression was associated with tumor size (P < 0.001), local invasion (P = 0.005), regional lymph node metastasis (P = 0.029), distant metastasis (P = 0.023), and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P = 0.002), as well as the MVD (r = 0.392, P < 0.001). Patients with KLF8 positive expression had poorer overall survival (P < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival (P < 0.001) than those with negative expression. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that KLF8 expression independently affected both overall and cancer-specific survival of gastric cancer patients (P = 0.035 and 0.042, respectively).
CONCLUSION: KLF8 is closely associated with gastric tumor progression, angiogenesis and poor prognosis, suggesting it may represent a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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22
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Bin Z, Ke-Yi L, Wei-Feng Z, Li-Cheng J, Xian-Bin L, Chun-Peng X, Dao-Ying Y, Shu-Wei L. Downregulation of KLF8 expression by shRNA induces inhibition of cell proliferation in CAL27 human oral cancer cells. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18:e591-6. [PMID: 23722127 PMCID: PMC3731086 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.18736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES KLF8 is a member of KLF transcription factors which play an important tolr in oncogenesis. It is barely expressed in normal human epithelial cells but highly overexpressed in several types of human cancer cell lines. In the present study, we investigate the role of KLF8 in oral cancer and the effects of KLF8 knockdown via lentivirus mediated siRNA infection in human adenosquamos carcinoma CAL 27 cells. STUDY DESIGN We developed a vector-based siRNA expression system that can induce RNAi in CAL 27 oral cancer cells. Downregulation of KLF8 was confirmed by evaluating GFP expressions, RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Finally, the effects of KLF8 downregulation were analyzed by MTT assay and colony formation assays. RESULTS The expression levels of KLF8 mRNA and proteins are reduced in CAL 27 cells that transfected with 21-nt siRNA against KLF8. Lentivirus-mediated silencing of KLF8 reduces cell proliferation and colonies number, thereby indicating the role of KLF8 in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that KLF8 is essential for growth of CAL 27 cancer cells. A better understanding of KLF8 function and processing may provide novel insights into the clinical therapy of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Bin
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
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23
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Generation of mice deficient in both KLF3/BKLF and KLF8 reveals a genetic interaction and a role for these factors in embryonic globin gene silencing. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:2976-87. [PMID: 23716600 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00074-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors 3 and 8 (KLF3 and KLF8) are highly related transcriptional regulators that bind to similar sequences of DNA. We have previously shown that in erythroid cells there is a regulatory hierarchy within the KLF family, whereby KLF1 drives the expression of both the Klf3 and Klf8 genes and KLF3 in turn represses Klf8 expression. While the erythroid roles of KLF1 and KLF3 have been explored, the contribution of KLF8 to this regulatory network has been unknown. To investigate this, we have generated a mouse model with disrupted KLF8 expression. While these mice are viable, albeit with a reduced life span, mice lacking both KLF3 and KLF8 die at around embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), indicative of a genetic interaction between these two factors. In the fetal liver, Klf3 Klf8 double mutant embryos exhibit greater dysregulation of gene expression than either of the two single mutants. In particular, we observe derepression of embryonic, but not adult, globin expression. Taken together, these results suggest that KLF3 and KLF8 have overlapping roles in vivo and participate in the silencing of embryonic globin expression during development.
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24
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Han S, Han L, Sun H, Zan X, Zhou Z, Xu K, Yao Y, Liu Q. Krüppel‑like factor expression and correlation with FAK, MMP‑9 and E‑cadherin expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:81-8. [PMID: 23670717 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether a focal adhesion kinase (FAK)‑Krüppel‑like factor 8 (KLF8)‑matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑9/E‑cadherin signaling axis exists in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. In the present study, KLF8 expression and its clinicopathological significance in HCC was investigated to determine the correlation between KLF8 and FAK, MMP‑9 and E‑cadherin expression. Tissues were obtained from 60 surgically resected HCC and normal tumor‑adjacent tissues. KLF8, FAK, MMP‑9 and E‑cadherin expression levels were examined by quantitative real‑time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‑PCR) and immunohistochemistry. In addition, KLF8, FAK, MMP‑9 and E‑cadherin protein expression levels were examined by western blot analysis in 5 portal vein cancer emboli and corresponding HCC tissues. The clinicopathological data of the HCC patients were retrospectively analyzed. KLF8 mRNA expression was found to be significantly upregulated in HCC tumor tissues compared with normal tumor‑adjacent tissues (P<0.05). KLF8 protein was highly expressed in portal vein cancer emboli. KLF8 expression level was significantly higher in tumors with advanced TNM stages and vascular invasion compared with that in tumors with early TNM stage and absence of vascular invasion (P<0.05). KLF8 protein and mRNA expression in HCC positively correlated with that of FAK (r=0.362, P<0.001; and r=0.377, P<0.01, respectively) and MMP‑9 (r=0.392, P<0.01; and r=0.336, P<0.01, respectively), but negatively correlated with E‑cadherin (r=‑0.364, P<0.01; and r=‑0.410, P<0.01, respectively). Results of the current study highlight a novel FAK‑KLF8‑MMP‑9/E‑cadherin signaling axis during HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoshan Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
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25
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Zhang H, Liu L, Wang Y, Zhao G, Xie R, Liu C, Xiao X, Wu K, Nie Y, Zhang H, Fan D. KLF8 involves in TGF-beta-induced EMT and promotes invasion and migration in gastric cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013; 139:1033-42. [PMID: 23504025 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-012-1363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8), a downstream transcription factor of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), has a role in tumorigenesis, tumor progress and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction. Recent studies mainly focused on its role in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma; however, little is studied in gastric cancer. Here, we aim to explore whether KLF8 is involved in TGF-β1-induced EMT in gastric cancer cells. METHODS Western blot and real-time PCR assays were used to detect the expression of KLF8, E-cadherin and vimentin in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 treated with or without TGF-β1. The lentivirus-mediated RNA interference technique was used to knock down the expression of KLF8 in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901. In vitro, the ability of cell migration and invasion were measured by transwell and wound healing assays; the cell motility was detected by high content screening assay. RESULTS TGF-β1 could induce EMT via down-regulating E-cadherin and up-regulating vimentin expression in gastric cancer cells. Further study found that TGF-β1 could induce KLF8 expression at the protein and mRNA levels in gastric cancer cells (P < 0.05). Western blot and real-time PCR assays found that small interference RNA (siRNA)-mediated KLF8 silence blocked TGF-β1-induced EMT-like transformation and subsequently reversed the loss of E-cadherin and gain of vimentin. In vitro, inhibition of KLF8 decreased TGF-β1-prompted cell migration, invasion and motility. CONCLUSIONS KLF8, a transcription factor, is involved in TGF-β1-induced EMT in gastric cancer cells and may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Transformation of human ovarian surface epithelial cells by Krüppel-like factor 8. Oncogene 2012; 33:10-8. [PMID: 23222713 PMCID: PMC3975924 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Previously we demonstrated that Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) participates in oncogenic transformation of mouse fibroblasts and is highly overexpressed in human ovarian cancer. In this work, we first correlated KLF8 overexpression with the aggressiveness of ovarian patient tumors and then tested if KLF8 could transform human ovarian epithelial cells. Using the immortalized non-tumorigenic human ovarian surface epithelial cell line T80 and retroviral infection, we generated cell lines that constitutively overexpress KLF8 alone or its combination with the known ovarian oncogenes c-Myc, Stat3c and/or Akt and examined the cell lines for anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenesis. The soft agar clonogenic assay showed that T80/KLF8 cells formed significantly more colonies than the mock cells. Interestingly, the cells expressing both KLF8 and c-Myc formed the largest amounts of colonies greater than the sum of colonies formed by the cells expressing KLF8 and c-Myc alone. These results suggested that KLF8 might be a weak oncogene that works cooperatively with c-Myc to transform ovarian cells. Surprisingly, overexpression of KLF8 alone was sufficient to induce tumorigenesis in nude mice resulting in short life span whether the T80/KLF8 cells were injected subcutaneously, intraperitoneally or orthotopically into the ovarian bursa. Histopathological studies confirmed that the T80/KLF8 tumors were characteristic of human serous ovarian carcinomas. Comparative expression profiling and functional studies identified the cell cycle regulators cyclin D1 and USP44 as primary KLF8 targets and effectors for the T80 transformation. Overall, we identified KLF8 overexpression as an important factor in human ovarian carcinoma pathogenesis.
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Lu H, Hu L, Li T, Lahiri S, Shen C, Wason MS, Mukherjee D, Xie H, Yu L, Zhao J. A novel role of Krüppel-like factor 8 in DNA repair in breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:43720-9. [PMID: 23105099 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.418053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) regulates critical gene transcription and cellular events associated with cancer. However, the role of KLF8 in cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we report a surprisingly novel role for KLF8 in DNA repair in breast cancer cells. Comet, clonogenic, and WST-1 assays showed that KLF8 expression is required for protecting human breast cancer cells from doxorubicin-induced DNA damage and cell death. Western blotting indicated that overexpression of ectopic KLF8 attenuated the levels of the DNA damage marker γH2A.X in doxorubicin-treated PARP-1(+/+) but not PARP-1(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts, whereas the PARP-1-binding-defective KLF8 mutant failed to do so. Interestingly, in response to the DNA damage, KLF8 was phosphorylated by the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit and, subsequently, SUMOylated by SUMO E3 ligases protein inhibitors of activated STAT (PIASs), which depends upon the interaction of KLF8 with DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, PIASs, and PARP-1 as well as their enzymatic activities. Lastly, we show evidence that KLF8 was recruited to the DNA damage site. These results suggest a novel role and mechanism for KLF8 in the regulation of DNA repair and therapeutic resistance in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lu
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA
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Lentivirus-mediated gene silencing of KLF8 reduced the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:9809-15. [PMID: 22766838 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Kruppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) is a transcription factor which has been identified to play a critical role in oncogenic transformation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion. Higher expression level of KLF8 has been observed in ovarian, renal and breast cancer cells. This study focused on investigating the knockdown effects of KLF8 through lentivirus mediated targeted disruption of KLF8 in gastric cancer cell lines. The expression level of KLF8 is much higher in gastric cancer cells than that in normal cell via Western blot analysis. The decreased expression level of KLF8 after repression was confirmed by real-time PCR and Western blot in SGC-7901, a gastric cancer cell line. The effects of KLF8 deletion on cell proliferation and cell cycle were analyzed by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Finally, the effects of KLF8 deletion on cell apoptosis and invasion of gastric cancer cells were analyzed by Annexin staining and transwell assay, respectively. It was observed that knockdown of KLF8 reduced the cellular proliferation of SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells, a phenotype at least partially due to cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, the inhibition of KLF8 reduces the invasion rates of the cancer cells. Therefore, KLF8 is necessary for cell survival and invasion in gastric cancer cells. The absence of KLF8 may lead to cancer cell death. These results demonstrated that the lentivirus mediated targeted disruption of KLF8 would be an promising therapeutic method for treatment of gastric cancer.
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Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) is expressed in gliomas of different WHO grades and is essential for tumor cell proliferation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30429. [PMID: 22276196 PMCID: PMC3261906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) has only recently been identified to be involved in tumor cell proliferation and invasion of several different tumor entities like renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer. In the present study, we show for the first time the expression of KLF8 in gliomas of different WHO grades and its functional impact on glioma cell proliferation. In order to get information about KLF8-mRNA regulation qPCR was performed and did not reveal any significant difference in samples (n = 10 each) of non-neoplastic brain (NNB), low-grade gliomas (LGG, WHO°II) and glioblastomas (GBM, WHO°IV). Immunohistochemistry of tissue samples (n = 7 LGG, 11 AA and 12 GBM) did not show any significant difference in the fraction of KLF8-immunopositive cells of all analyzed cells in LGG (87%), AA (80%) or GBM (89%). Tissue samples from cerebral breast cancer metastasis, meningiomas but also non-neoplastic brain demonstrated comparable relative cell counts as well. Moreover, there was no correlation between KLF8 expression and the expression pattern of the assumed proliferation marker Ki67, which showed high variability between different tumor grade (9% (LGG), 6% (AA) and 15% (GBM) of Ki67-immunopositive cells). Densitometric analysis of Western blotting revealed that the relative amount of KLF8-protein did also not differ between the highly aggressive and proliferative GBM (1.05) compared to LGG (0.93; p<0.05, studens t-test). As demonstrated for some other non-glial cancer entities, KLF8-knockdown by shRNA in U87-MG cells confirmed its functional relevance, leading to an almost complete loss of tumor cell proliferation. Selective blocking of KLF8 might represent a novel anti-proliferative treatment strategy for malignant gliomas. Yet, its simultaneous expression in non-proliferating tissues could hamper this approach.
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Liu L, Liu N, Xu M, Liu Y, Min J, Pang H, Zhang N, Zhang H, Zhang H. Lentivirus-delivered Krüppel-like factor 8 small interfering RNA inhibits gastric cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2011; 33:53-61. [PMID: 22081373 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We found that the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent noncancerous regions and gastric epithelial mucosa cells. We employed a lentivirus-mediated RNAi technique to knockdown KLF8 expression in gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 and observed its effects on cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of KLF8 inhibited SGC7901 cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis, inhibited the tumorigenicity of SGC7901 cells, and significantly decreased tumor growth when the cells were injected into nude mice. These results indicated that overexpression of KLF8 may influence the biological behavior of SGC7901 gastric cancer cells. Knockdown of KLF8 expression by lentivirus-delivered siRNA may be useful as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, China
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31
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2011; 5:297-305. [DOI: 10.1097/spc.0b013e32834a76ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xu C, Gui Q, Chen W, Wu L, Sun W, Zhang N, Xu Q, Wang J, Fu X. Small interference RNA targeting tissue factor inhibits human lung adenocarcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2011; 30:63. [PMID: 21619686 PMCID: PMC3118969 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-30-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background The human coagulation trigger tissue factor (TF) is overexpressed in several types of cancer and involved in tumor growth, vascularization, and metastasis. To explore the role of TF in biological processes of lung adenocarcinoma, we used RNA interference (RNAi) technology to silence TF in a lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 with high-level expression of TF and evaluate its antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Methods The specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) designed for targeting human TF was transfected into A549 cells. The expression of TF was detected by reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT and clonogenic assays. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The metastatic potential of A549 cells was determined by wound healing, the mobility and Matrigel invasion assays. Expressions of PI3K/Akt, Erk1/2, VEGF and MMP-2/-9 in transfected cells were detected by Western blot. In vivo, the effect of TF-siRNA on the growth of A549 lung adenocarcinoma xenografts in nude mice was investigated. Results TF -siRNA significantly reduced the expression of TF in the mRNA and protein levels. The down-regulation of TF in A549 cells resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis and induced cell apoptosis in dose-dependent manner. Erk MAPK, PI3K/Akt pathways as well as VEGF and MMP-2/-9 expressions were inhibited in TF-siRNA transfected cells. Moreover, intratumoral injection of siRNA targeting TF suppressed the tumor growth of A549 cells in vivo model of lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusions Down-regulation of TF using siRNA could provide a potential approach for gene therapy against lung adenocarcinoma, and the antitumor effects may be associated with inhibition of Erk MAPK, PI3K/Akt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Xu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Karam JA, Zhang XY, Tamboli P, Margulis V, Wang H, Abel EJ, Culp SH, Wood CG. Development and characterization of clinically relevant tumor models from patients with renal cell carcinoma. Eur Urol 2010; 59:619-28. [PMID: 21167632 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2010.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models are instrumental in understanding disease pathophysiology and mechanisms of therapy action and resistance in vivo. OBJECTIVE To establish and characterize a panel of mouse models of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) derived from patients undergoing radical nephrectomy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In vivo and in vitro animal experiments. MEASUREMENTS Tumor tissues obtained during surgery were implanted into the subcutaneous space of female BALB/c nude mice and serially passaged into new mice. Tumors were characterized by histology, short tandem repeat (STR) fingerprinting, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene sequencing, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with sunitinib or everolimus. Primary cell cultures were derived from patient tumors and transfected with a lentivirus carrying the luciferase gene. Four subcutaneous xenograft mouse models were developed, representing papillary type 1, papillary type 2, clear cell, and clear cell with sarcomatoid features RCC. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS RCC mouse models were established from four patients with distinct histologies of RCC. Tumor growth was dependent on histologic type, the size of the implanted tumor chip, and the passage number. Mouse tumors accurately represented their respective original patient tumors, as STR fingerprints were matching, histology was comparable, and SNP profiles and VHL mutation status were conserved with multiple passages. Bioluminescence imaging results were commensurate with subcutaneous xenograft growth patterns. Mice treated with sunitinib and everolimus exhibited an initial response, followed by a later stage of resistance to these agents, which mimics the clinical observations in patients with RCC. CONCLUSIONS We developed four mouse xenograft models of RCC with clear-cell and papillary histologies, with stable histologic and molecular characteristics. These models can be used to understand the basic biology of RCC as well as response and resistance to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Karam
- Department of Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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