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Zhang S, Chen F, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Wang L, Wang X, Jia L, Chen Y, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Deng B. SERS detection platform based on a nucleic acid aptamer-functionalized Au nano-dodecahedron array for efficient simultaneous testing of colorectal cancer-associated microRNAs. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3366-3381. [PMID: 38855705 PMCID: PMC11161369 DOI: 10.1364/boe.520161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection platform was constructed based on Au nano-dodecahedrons (AuNDs) functionalized with nucleic acid aptamer-specific binding and self-assembly techniques. SERS labels were prepared by modifying Raman signaling molecules and complementary aptamer chains and were bound on the aptamer-functionalized AuNDs array. Using this protocol, the limits of detection (LODs) of miR-21 and miR-18a in the serum were 6.8 pM and 7.6 pM, respectively, and the detection time was 5 min. Additionally, miR-21 and miR-18a were detected in the serum of a mouse model of colorectal cancer. The results of this protocol were consistent with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). This method provides an efficient and rapid method for the simultaneous testing of miRNAs, which has great potential clinical value for the early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuofeng Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Fengsong Chen
- Gastroenterology Department, Nantong Haimen People's Hospital, Nantong 226600, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yemin Xu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xiya Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Long Jia
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yongcheng Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Zhengrong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, 225001 Yangzhou, China
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Tabaeian SP, Eshkiki ZS, Dana F, Fayyaz F, Baniasadi M, Agah S, Masoodi M, Safari E, Sedaghat M, Abedini P, Akbari A. Evaluation of tumor-educated platelet long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2024:01363817-990000000-00065. [PMID: 38261465 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1212_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer-derived circulating components are increasingly considered as candidate sources for non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the expression of tumor-educated platelet (TEP) long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and determine whether it could be served as a potential tool for CRC diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relative quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of three cancer-related platelet-derived lncRNAs CCAT1, HOTTIP, and XIST in 75 CRC patients and 42 healthy controls. Quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) for comparison of cancer and non-cancer individuals. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was further performed to assess the diagnostic values of lncRNAs within the CRC patients. RESULTS The expression levels of lncRNAs colon cancer associated transcript 1 (CCAT1) (P = 0.006) and HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) (P = 0.049), but not X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) (P = 0.12), were significantly upregulated in CRC patients compared to healthy individuals. However, there were no significant correlations between platelet lncRNAs and clinicopathological characteristics, including sex, age, tumor location, differentiation, and size (all at P > 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the lncRNA CCAT1 was 0.61 (sensitivity, 71%; specificity, 50%). CONCLUSION TEP lncRNA CCAT1 is detectable in the circulation of CRC patients and could be considered as a potential diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seidamir Pasha Tabaeian
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shokati Eshkiki
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dana
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farimah Fayyaz
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Baniasadi
- Department of Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Masoodi
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Safari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meghdad Sedaghat
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Abedini
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ajithkumar P, Vasantharajan SS, Pattison S, McCall JL, Rodger EJ, Chatterjee A. Exploring Potential Epigenetic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:874. [PMID: 38255946 PMCID: PMC10815915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic progression is a complex, multistep process and the leading cause of cancer mortality. There is growing evidence that emphasises the significance of epigenetic modification, specifically DNA methylation and histone modifications, in influencing colorectal (CRC) metastasis. Epigenetic modifications influence the expression of genes involved in various cellular processes, including the pathways associated with metastasis. These modifications could contribute to metastatic progression by enhancing oncogenes and silencing tumour suppressor genes. Moreover, specific epigenetic alterations enable cancer cells to acquire invasive and metastatic characteristics by altering cell adhesion, migration, and invasion-related pathways. Exploring the involvement of DNA methylation and histone modification is crucial for identifying biomarkers that impact cancer prediction for metastasis in CRC. This review provides a summary of the potential epigenetic biomarkers associated with metastasis in CRC, particularly DNA methylation and histone modifications, and examines the pathways associated with these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshana Ajithkumar
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (P.A.)
| | - Sai Shyam Vasantharajan
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (P.A.)
| | - Sharon Pattison
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - John L. McCall
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Euan J. Rodger
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (P.A.)
| | - Aniruddha Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (P.A.)
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES University, Dehradun 248007, India
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Kaur G, Khanna B, Yusuf M, Sharma A, Khajuria A, Alajangi HK, Jaiswal PK, Sachdeva M, Barnwal RP, Singh G. A Path of Novelty from Nanoparticles to Nanobots: Theragnostic Approach for Targeting Cancer Therapy. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2024; 41:1-38. [PMID: 38305340 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023046674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical development of cancer therapeutics is a dynamic area of research. Even after decades of intensive work, cancer continues to be a dreadful disease with an ever-increasing global incidence. The progress of nanotechnology in cancer research has overcome inherent limitations in conventional cancer chemotherapy and fulfilled the need for target-specific drug carriers. Nanotechnology uses the altered patho-physiological microenvironment of malignant cells and offers various advantages like improved solubility, reduced toxicity, prolonged drug circulation with controlled release, circumventing multidrug resistance, and enhanced biodistribution. Early cancer detection has a crucial role in selecting the best drug regime, thus, diagnosis and therapeutics go hand in hand. Furthermore, nanobots are an amazing possibility and promising innovation with numerous significant applications, particularly in fighting cancer and cleaning out blood vessels. Nanobots are tiny robots, ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm. Moreover, the nanobots would work similarly to white blood cells, watching the bloodstream and searching for indications of distress. This review articulates the evolution of various organic and inorganic nanoparticles and nanobots used as therapeutics, along with their pros and cons. It also highlights the shift in diagnostics from conventional methods to more advanced techniques. This rapidly growing domain is providing more space for engineering desired nanoparticles that can show miraculous results in therapeutic and diagnostic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursharanpreet Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Bhawna Khanna
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Mohammed Yusuf
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Akhil Khajuria
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Hema K Alajangi
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India; Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Pradeep K Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mandip Sachdeva
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Mashhadian A, Jian R, Tian S, Wu S, Xiong G. An Overview of Electrochemical Sensors Based on Transition Metal Carbides and Oxides: Synthesis and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 15:42. [PMID: 38258161 PMCID: PMC10819441 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Sensors play vital roles in industry and healthcare due to the significance of controlling the presence of different substances in industrial processes, human organs, and the environment. Electrochemical sensors have gained more attention recently than conventional sensors, including optical fibers, chromatography devices, and chemiresistors, due to their better versatility, higher sensitivity and selectivity, and lower complexity. Herein, we review transition metal carbides (TMCs) and transition metal oxides (TMOs) as outstanding materials for electrochemical sensors. We navigate through the fabrication processes of TMCs and TMOs and reveal the relationships among their synthesis processes, morphological structures, and sensing performance. The state-of-the-art biological, gas, and hydrogen peroxide electrochemical sensors based on TMCs and TMOs are reviewed, and potential challenges in the field are suggested. This review can help others to understand recent advancements in electrochemical sensors based on transition metal oxides and carbides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guoping Xiong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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Shaygannejad A, Sohrabi B, Rad SR, Yousefisadr F, Darvish H, Soosanabadi M. Promoter methylation of matrix metallopeptidase 9 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: A novel biomarker in a promising source for noninvasive colorectal cancer diagnosis. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1797-1802. [PMID: 38376281 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2188_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been described as a "silent disease," which can be readily treated in most patients when discovered in its early stages. Considering the limitations of the current conventional tests for the diagnosis of CRC, researchers strive to find noninvasive and more valid biomarkers for the early detection of CRC. It has been shown that tumor-specific methylation patterns can also be identified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and are reliable sources of methylation analysis for CRC screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a quantitative methylation analysis on matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) promoter using methylation quantification endonuclease-resistant DNA (MethyQESD) method. A total of 70 patients with CRC and 70 normal controls were enrolled in this study for methylation analysis in the PBMCs. RESULTS Our findings discovered a considerable hypermethylation of MMP9 promoter in CRC patients compared with healthy controls (mean: 47.30% and 20.31%, respectively; P > 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the MMP9 gene for the diagnosis of CRC were 88% and 78%, respectively. In addition, on the basis of area under the curve values, the diagnostic power of the MMP9 gene was 0.976 (P < 0.001). Moreover, our analysis established that MMP9 methylation was significantly different between the different stages of CRC (P: 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that MMP9 promoter methylation in PBMCs can be used as an outstanding biomarker for CRC diagnosis. Besides, we confirmed that PBMCs are reliable sources of methylation analysis for CRC screening and MethyQESD is an accurate and fast method for quantitative methylation analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shaygannejad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastrointestinal, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Behnoush Sohrabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran
- Fetal Health Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Rahimi Rad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Yousefisadr
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Darvish
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Soosanabadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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7
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Večurkovská I, Mašlanková J, Tomečková V, Kaťuchová J, Kisková T, Fröhlichová L, Mareková M, Stupák M. Stage-Dependent Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 in the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1839. [PMID: 37509480 PMCID: PMC10377127 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of sensitive and non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection of CRC and determination of their role in the individual stages of CRC. METHODS MMP-9 expression in serum and tissue, and BDNF expression in plasma were detected using the ELISA method. MMP-9 and BDNF in the tissue were also determined by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS To assess the balance between changes in survival and tumor progression, we compared BDNF/MMP-9 ratios in tissues of living and deceased individuals. The tissue BDNF/MMP-9 ratio (evaluated immunohistochemically) decreased significantly with the progression of the disease in living patients. The BDNF/MMP-9 ratio was statistically significantly reduced in stages II and III compared to the benign group. However, in deceased individuals, the ratio showed an opposite tendency. CONCLUSION The determination of the tissue BDNF/MMP9 ratio can be used as a prognostic biomarker of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Večurkovská
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Mašlanková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Vladimíra Tomečková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Kaťuchová
- 1st Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Terézia Kisková
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Fröhlichová
- Department of Pathology, Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Rastislavova 43, 041 90 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Mária Mareková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marek Stupák
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafarik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
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de Abreu AR, Op de Beeck K, Laurent-Puig P, Taly V, Benhaim L. The Position of Circulating Tumor DNA in the Clinical Management of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1284. [PMID: 36831626 PMCID: PMC9954551 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type worldwide, with over 1.9 million new cases and 935,000 related deaths in 2020. Within the next decade, the incidence of CRC is estimated to increase by 60% and the mortality by 80%. One of the underlying causes of poor prognosis is late detection, with 60 to 70% of the diagnoses occurring at advanced stages. Circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) is probably the most promising tool for screening, diagnosis, prediction of therapeutic response, and prognosis. More specifically, the analysis of the tumor fraction within the ccfDNA (circulating tumor DNA, ctDNA) has great potential to improve the management of CRC. The present review provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the various aspects related to ctDNA detection in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Regina de Abreu
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ken Op de Beeck
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Valerie Taly
- UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Leonor Benhaim
- UMR-S1138, CNRS SNC5096, Équipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
- Department of Visceral and Surgical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Cancer Campus, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
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Computational Simulation of Colorectal Cancer Biomarker Particle Mobility in a 3D Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020589. [PMID: 36677649 PMCID: PMC9865637 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though some methods for the detection of colorectal cancer have been used clinically, most of the techniques used do not consider the in situ detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) biomarkers, which would favor in vivo real-time monitoring of the carcinogenesis process and consequent studies of the disease. In order to give a scientific and computational framework ideal for the evaluation of diagnosis techniques based on the early detection of biomarker molecules modeled as spherical particles from the computational point of view, a computational representation of the rectum, stool and biomarker particles was developed. As consequence of the transport of stool, there was a displacement of CRC biomarker particles that entered the system as a result of the cellular apoptosis processes in polyps with a length lower than 1 cm, reaching a maximum velocity of 3.47×10-3 m/s. The biomarkers studied showed trajectories distant to regions of the polyp of origin in 1 min of simulation. The research results show that the biomarker particles for CRC respond to the variations in the movements of the stool with trajectories and speeds that depend on the location of the injury, which will allow locating the regions with the highest possibilities of catching particles through in situ measurement instruments in the future.
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Dash S, Wu CC, Wu CC, Chiang SF, Lu YT, Yeh CY, You JF, Chu LJ, Yeh TS, Yu JS. Extracellular Vesicle Membrane Protein Profiling and Targeted Mass Spectrometry Unveil CD59 and Tetraspanin 9 as Novel Plasma Biomarkers for Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010177. [PMID: 36612172 PMCID: PMC9818822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are valuable sources for the discovery of useful cancer biomarkers. This study explores the potential usefulness of tumor cell-derived EV membrane proteins as plasma biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). EVs were isolated from the culture supernatants of four CRC cell lines by ultracentrifugation, and their protein profiles were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Bioinformatics analysis of identified proteins revealed 518 EV membrane proteins in common among at least three CRC cell lines. We next used accurate inclusion mass screening (AIMS) in parallel with iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis to highlight candidate proteins and validated their presence in pooled plasma-generated EVs from 30 healthy controls and 30 CRC patients. From these, we chose 14 potential EV-derived targets for further quantification by targeted MS assay in a separate individual cohort comprising of 73 CRC and 80 healthy subjects. Quantitative analyses revealed significant increases in ADAM10, CD59 and TSPAN9 levels (2.19- to 5.26-fold, p < 0.0001) in plasma EVs from CRC patients, with AUC values of 0.83, 0.95 and 0.87, respectively. Higher EV CD59 levels were significantly correlated with distant metastasis (p = 0.0475), and higher EV TSPAN9 levels were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0011), distant metastasis at diagnosis (p = 0.0104) and higher TNM stage (p = 0.0065). A two-marker panel consisting of CD59 and TSPAN9 outperformed the conventional marker CEA in discriminating CRC and stage I/II CRC patients from healthy controls, with AUC values of 0.98 and 0.99, respectively. Our results identify EV membrane proteins in common among CRC cell lines and altered plasma EV protein profiles in CRC patients and suggest plasma EV CD59 and TSPAN9 as a novel biomarker panel for detecting early-stage CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Dash
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Sum-Fu Chiang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 33305, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yuh Yeh
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu You
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Lichieh Julie Chu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou & Chang Gung University, New Taipei City 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 33305, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-2118800 (ext. 5171); Fax: +886-3-2118891
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Comparison between Clinical Utility of CXCL-8 and Clinical Practice Tumor Markers for Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1213968. [PMID: 36567905 PMCID: PMC9788896 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1213968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the high incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC), novel biomarkers for CRC diagnosis are critically needed. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring the clinical utility of serum C-X-C motif chemokine 8 (CXCL-8) for CRC diagnosis and progression compared to the routinely used biomarkers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen-19-9 (CA19-9). This study included 227 patients with CRC, 110 patients with colorectal adenoma (CA), and 123 healthy participants, who were recruited from the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from July 1, 2019 to October 31, 2020. Serum concentrations of CXCL-8, CEA, and CA19-9 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Clinicopathological features of patients with CRC were collected and analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of CXCL-8, CEA, and CA19-9 for CRC was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. We found that the serum concentrations of CXCL-8, CEA, and CA19-9 were significantly higher in patients with CRC than those in patients with CA and healthy controls. The diagnostic sensitivity of CXCL-8 alone was higher than those of CEA and CA19-9 both and when combined; thus, CXCL-8 may be better at discriminating patients with CRC from healthy controls and patients with CA. Moreover, combining CXCL-8 with CEA or CA19-9 improved their respective diagnostic performances in distinguishing patients with CRC from CA patients and healthy participants. Notably, we also found that serum concentrations of CXCL-8 were positively correlated with metastases and tumor size. Therefore, our study suggests that serum CXCL-8 may serve as an improved biomarker for CRC diagnosis compared to the traditional tumor markers CEA and CA19-9. Moreover, our findings indicate the potential efficacy of serum CXCL-8 levels as a CRC prognostic biomarker.
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Siri G, Alesaeidi S, Dizghandi SE, Alani B, Mosallaei M, Soosanabadi M. Analysis of SDC2 gene promoter methylation in whole blood for noninvasive early detection of colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:S354-S358. [PMID: 36510988 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1072_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Considering the limitations of the current approaches to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, scientists strived to find noninvasive and more powerful biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CRC. Nowadays, there are different sources of biomarkers for CRC diagnosis. Blood-based samples including circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) and DNA extracted from leukocytes in peripheral blood might be promising sources of noninvasive cancer biomarkers such as cancer-specific methylation patterns. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the noninvasive early diagnosis of CRC via quantitative promotor methylation analysis of SDC2 gene in whole blood. Materials and Methods Sixty-five CRC patients and 65 healthy participants were enrolled to assess promoter methylation of SDC2 gene in whole blood using the methylation quantification endonuclease-resistant DNA (MethyQESD) technique. Results Our findings demonstrated drastic hypermethylation of SDC2 in blood samples from CRC subjects (37.91%) compared with non-malignant individuals (17.02%) (P < 0.001). The sensitivity for detection of CRC by methylation of SDC2 was 81.54%, with a specificity of 69.23%. The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the AUC was 0.847 (P < 0.001), indicating that the status of SDC2 promoter methylation in whole blood is an excellent biomarker of CRC diagnosis. Furthermore, our results showed that methylation level in CRC patients significantly increased in higher tumor stages, demonstrating that an increased percentage of methylation is correlated with tumor progression (P < 0.001). Conclusion SDC2 promoter methylation status in blood samples is a valuable cancer biomarker and holds high power and accuracy in distinguishing CRC patients from healthy subjects in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goli Siri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Alesaeidi
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Research Center, Amir-Alam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Behrang Alani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Meysam Mosallaei
- School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Science, Tehran; Department of Medical Genetics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Soosanabadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences; Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Snyder M, Iraola-Guzmán S, Saus E, Gabaldón T. Discovery and Validation of Clinically Relevant Long Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163866. [PMID: 36010859 PMCID: PMC9405614 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Recent efforts in biomedical research have focused on the identification of molecular biomarkers to improve the diagnosis, prognosis and eventually treatment of the most common human diseases worldwide, including cancer. In this context, a large number of studies point to a pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathophysiology of carcinogenesis, suggesting diagnostic or therapeutic potential. However, for most of them, supporting evidence is scarce and often based on a single large-scale analysis. Here, focusing on colorectal cancer (CRC), we present an overview of the main approaches for discovering and validating lncRNA candidate molecules, and provide a curated list of the most promising lncRNAs associated with this malignancy. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide, with nearly two million newly diagnosed cases each year. The survival of patients with CRC greatly depends on the cancer stage at the time of diagnosis, with worse prognosis for more advanced cases. Consequently, considerable effort has been directed towards improving population screening programs for early diagnosis and identifying prognostic markers that can better inform treatment strategies. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized as promising molecules, with diagnostic and prognostic potential in many cancers, including CRC. Although large-scale genome and transcriptome sequencing surveys have identified many lncRNAs that are altered in CRC, most of their roles in disease onset and progression remain poorly understood. Here, we critically review the variety of detection methods and types of supporting evidence for the involvement of lncRNAs in CRC. In addition, we provide a reference catalog that features the most clinically relevant lncRNAs in CRC. These lncRNAs were selected based on recent studies sorted by stringent criteria for both supporting experimental evidence and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Snyder
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Iraola-Guzmán
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Saus
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS), Plaça Eusebi Güell, 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Kumbrink J, Bohlmann L, Mamlouk S, Redmer T, Peilstöcker D, Li P, Lorenzen S, Algül H, Kasper S, Hempel D, Kaiser F, Michl M, Bartsch H, Neumann J, Klauschen F, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Modest DP, Stahler A, Stintzing S, Jung A, Kirchner T, Schäfer R, Heinemann V, Holch JW. Serial Analysis of Gene Mutations and Gene Expression during First-Line Chemotherapy against Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Identification of Potentially Actionable Targets within the Multicenter Prospective Biomarker Study REVEAL. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153631. [PMID: 35892888 PMCID: PMC9367450 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The emergence of resistant cells remains a major obstacle for chemotherapy treatment of metastatic colorectal cancers. Improvement of the therapeutic response requires a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of resistance as well as informative biomarkers. In the REVEAL study, we have systematically compared the mutational patterns and expression profiles of primary tumor specimens before and after first-line chemotherapy treatment in the metastatic situation. In addition, we analyzed liquid biopsies pre, during, and after treatment. Alterations in gene expression appeared as the major drivers of chemotherapy resistance. We identified a gene expression signature differentiating primary tumors and metastases and validated this signature in two independent patient cohorts. Moreover, we evaluated the expression of two signature genes, SFRP2 and SPP1, as prognostic and potentially druggable biomarkers. Abstract Most metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients succumb to refractory disease due to secondary chemotherapy resistance. To elucidate the molecular changes associated with secondary resistance, we recruited 64 patients with mCRC and hepatic metastases before standard first-line chemotherapy between 2014 and 2018. We subjected DNA from primary tumor specimens (P), hepatic metastasis specimens after treatment (M), and liquid biopsies (L) taken prior to (pre), during (intra), and after (post) treatment to next generation sequencing. We performed Nanostring expression analysis in P and M specimens. Comparative bioinformatics and statistical analysis revealed typical mutational patterns with frequent alterations in TP53, APC, and KRAS in P specimens (n = 48). P and pre-L (n = 42), as well as matched P and M (n = 30), displayed a similar mutation spectrum. In contrast, gene expression profiles classified P (n = 31) and M (n = 23), distinguishable by up-regulation of immune/cytokine receptor and autophagy programs. Switching of consensus molecular subtypes from P to M occurred in 58.3% of cases. M signature genes SFRP2 and SPP1 associated with inferior survival, as validated in an independent cohort. Molecular changes during first-line treatment were detectable by expression profiling rather than by mutational tumor and liquid biopsy analyses. SFRP2 and SPP1 may serve as biomarkers and/or actionable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Kumbrink
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
- Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; (M.v.B.-B.); (V.H.); (J.W.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lisa Bohlmann
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
| | - Soulafa Mamlouk
- Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; (S.M.); (D.P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (R.S.)
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Torben Redmer
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Daniela Peilstöcker
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
| | - Sylvie Lorenzen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Hana Algül
- School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Kasper
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Dirk Hempel
- Steinbeishochschule Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany;
- Steinbeis Transfer Institute Clinical Hematology-Oncology, 86609 Donauwörth, Germany
| | | | - Marlies Michl
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Bartsch
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
| | - Jens Neumann
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
- Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; (M.v.B.-B.); (V.H.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Frederick Klauschen
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
- Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; (M.v.B.-B.); (V.H.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon
- Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; (M.v.B.-B.); (V.H.); (J.W.H.)
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Dominik Paul Modest
- Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; (S.M.); (D.P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (R.S.)
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology (CCM), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arndt Stahler
- Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; (S.M.); (D.P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (R.S.)
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology (CCM), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; (S.M.); (D.P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (R.S.)
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology (CCM), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Jung
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
- Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; (M.v.B.-B.); (V.H.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich (LMU), 80337 Munich, Germany; (L.B.); (D.P.); (P.L.); (H.B.); (J.N.); (F.K.); (A.J.); (T.K.)
- Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; (M.v.B.-B.); (V.H.); (J.W.H.)
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 10117 Berlin, Germany; (S.M.); (D.P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (R.S.)
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Heinemann
- Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; (M.v.B.-B.); (V.H.); (J.W.H.)
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julian W. Holch
- Partner Site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany; (M.v.B.-B.); (V.H.); (J.W.H.)
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Combined Efficacy of CXCL5, STC2, and CHI3L1 in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7271514. [PMID: 35646113 PMCID: PMC9142324 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7271514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective To improve the diagnostic capacity of serum biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC), we introduced three novel indicators, namely, the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5), stanniocalcin 2 (STC2), and chitinase 3 like 1 (CHI3L1) and assessed their performances in the detection of CRC. Methods A total of 887 serum samples (153 health, 342 polyps, and 392 CRCs) were collected. Concentrations of CXCL5, STC2, and CHI3L1 were measured by the ELISA. CEA and CA199 were determined by electrochemiluminescence. Binary logistic regression was used to build the combination model. ROC analysis was used to evaluate the performance of biomarkers alone or in combination. Results Model_2 that based on CXCL5, STC2, and CHI3L1 was the best approach in discriminating CRC from non-CRC controls (AUC, 0.943 (0.922–0.960); sensitivity, 0.848; specificity, 0.917; and accuracy, 0.887 in the training cohort and 0.959 (95% CI 0.927–0.980), 0.878, 0.917, and 0.900 in the testing cohort, respectively). In the detection of early CRC, Model_2 revealed AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.925 (0.897–0.947), 0.793, 0.917, and 0.886 in the training cohort and those of 0.926 (0.979–0.959), 0.786, 0.931, and 0.898 in the testing cohort. Furthermore, Model_2 exhibited an excellent diagnostic performance in CEA-negative cases (0.938 (0.913–0.957), 0.826, 0.917, and 0.888 in the training cohort and 0.961 (0.925–0.983), 0.887, 0.931, and 0.918 in the testing cohort). As used alone, STC2 achieved the capacities that is second only to that of Model_2 (0.866 (0.837–0.892), 0.859, 0.842, and 0.853 in the training cohort and 0.887 (0.842–0.923), 0.922, 0.799, and 0.853 in the testing cohort). STC2 alone also yielded acceptable results for early CRC detection (0.815 (0.776–0.849), 0.767, 0.849, and 0.829 in the training cohort and 0.870 (0.812–0.914), 0.952, 0.799, and 0.833 in the testing cohort). Moreover, STC2 maintained diagnostic accuracy for CRC patients with negative CEA (0.874 (0.842–0.901), 0.862, 0.849, and 0.853 in the training cohort and 0.898 (0.848–0.936), 0.930, 0.801, and 0.842 in the testing cohort). In comparison, the performances of the CEA and CA199 based Model_1 were far from satisfactory, especially in early cases (0.767 (0.726–0.805), 0.491, 0.863, and 0.771 in the training cohort and 0.817 (0.754–0.870), 0.476, 0.889, and 0.796 in the testing cohort). Conclusions STC2 was a promising serum biomarker for CRC diagnosis either used alone or in combination with CXCL5 and CHI3L1.
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MA Z, LI Z, WANG H, WANG R, HAN X. Screening of serum oxysterol biomarkers for colon cancer by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Se Pu 2022; 40:541-546. [PMID: 35616199 PMCID: PMC9404029 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2022.01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
结肠癌(CC)是全球常见恶性肿瘤之一,发病率呈逐年上升趋势,目前没有有效的标志物用于疾病早期诊断和干预跟踪。胆固醇及其氧化衍生物氧固醇在众多恶性肿瘤发生发展中发挥关键作用。该研究采用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术,对CC临床血清样本中胆固醇及相关10种氧固醇代谢物进行了定性定量分析,并采用偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)进行多元统计分析,发现上述目标代谢物能够较好地区分CC组与健康对照组。为防止数据过拟合,该研究在PLS-DA模型各代谢物变量投影重要性(VIP)基础上,结合最优组分数及K-均值聚类结果,筛选得到3种代谢标志物。通过受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)的曲线下面积(AUC)分析,发现筛选得到的3种潜在标志物联合预测CC达到0.998,说明模型性能优良。GO(基因本体论)富集分析显示3种潜在标志物主要分布在内质网和包被囊泡上,参与胆固醇代谢、运输、低密度脂蛋白重塑等生物进程,发挥胆固醇运输活性和低密度脂蛋白颗粒受体结合的分子功能。KEGG(京都基因与基因组百科全书)通路分析显示3种潜在标志物富集于类固醇生物合成、PPAR(过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体)信号通路及ABC(ATP结合盒)转运等通路上。该研究为寻找CC标志物及进一步阐明胆固醇及氧固醇在CC发病过程中的作用奠定了一定的基础。
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Ross FA, Park JH, Mansouri D, Combet E, Horgan PG, McMillan DC, Roxburgh CSD. The role of faecal calprotectin in diagnosis and staging of colorectal neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:176. [PMID: 35397505 PMCID: PMC8994317 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The presence of inflammation is a key hallmark of cancer and, plays an important role in disease progression and survival in colorectal cancer (CRC). Calprotectin detected in the faeces is a sensitive measure of colonic inflammation. The role of FC as a diagnostic test that may categorise patients by risk of neoplasia is poorly defined. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to characterise the relationship between elevations of FC and colorectal neoplasia. Methods A systematic review was performed using the keywords (MESH terms) and a statistical and meta-analysis was performed. Results A total of 35 studies are included in this review. CRC patients are more likely than controls to have an elevated FC OR 5.19, 95% CI 3.12–8.62, p < 0.001 with a heterogeneity (I2 = 27%). No tumour characteristics significantly correlated with FC, only stage of CRC shows signs that it may potentially correlate with FC. Conclusion FC levels are significantly higher in CRC, with high sensitivity. Its low specificity prevents it from being used to diagnose or screen for CRC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-022-02220-1.
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Huang M, He J, Lai W, Liu L, Xu H, Zeng Y, Lan Q, Lin X, Chu Z. Methylated septin 9 gene is an important prognostic marker in stage II and stage III colorectal cancer for evaluating local recurrence or distant metastasis after surgery. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:87. [PMID: 35227194 PMCID: PMC8883666 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal hypermethylation of the septin 9 gene was an inchoate incident in some cancers. Though latest several researches had paid attention to its value in prognosis, the consequences were not distinctly, especially in colorectal cancer (CRC) with stage II and stage III. PURPOSE The aim of this research was to pick up the prognostic value of the methylated septin 9 gene (mSEPT9) in CRC patients, particularly in TNM stage II-III. METHODS Blood samples before surgery were obtained from 144 CRC patients, of which there were 94 with stage II and stage III. mSEPT9 was considered positive when the cycle number of the peak reaction (Ct) was lower than the threshold value (41.0) for two times during three times PCR test. mSEPT9 and other relative factors of prognosis were estimated by survival analysis. The level of septin 9 in tissues was tested by immunohistochemical (IHC). RESULTS Stage II and stage III patients with mSEPT9 positive (mSEPT9+) had a lower disease-free survival (DFS) rate than those with mSEPT9 negative (mSEPT9-) (2-year DFS rates, 52.1% vs 73.9%, P = 0.014). In multivariate regression analysis, mSEPT9 was also an independent predictor of prognosis (HR = 2.741, P = 0.009). The risk of local recurrence or distant metastasis in CRC patients after surgery was mSEPT9+ with stage III, mSEPT9- with stage III/mSEPT9+ with stage II, and mSEPT9- with stage II (P = 0.001), from highest to lowest. In addition, mSEPT9 was strongly associated with TNM staging, tumor immersion depth, distant metastasis, differentiation degree, vascular invasion and microsatellite. When we explored the associations between septin 9 protein level revealed by IHC and other elements, recurrence/progression (R = - 0.523, P = 0.001), mSEPT9 status (R = - 0.451, P = 0.004) and T stage (R = - 0.375, P = 0.017) showed significant correlations. CONCLUSIONS Positive mSEPT9 is a poor prognostic marker for CRC patients in stage II and III. It is also a powerful complement to TNM staging in predicting postoperative DFS of CRC patients of stage II and III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiehua He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wei Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Heyang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yujie Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qiusheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiangan Lin
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Zhonghua Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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19
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Nguyen KT, Kim HY, Park JO, Choi E, Kim CS. Tripolar Electrode Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for Endoscopic Devices toward Early Colorectal Tumor Detection. ACS Sens 2022; 7:632-640. [PMID: 35147414 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Embedded sensors for endoscopy devices have been studied toward a convenient and decision-supportive methodology in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis, but no device could provide direct CRC screening with in situ measurements. In this study, we proposed a millimeter-scale electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) device that can be integrated into a biopsy tool in endoscopy for colorectal tumor detection. A minimally invasive tripolar electrode was designed to sense the tissue impedance, and a multilayer neural network was implemented for the classification algorithm. The sensor performance was investigated in terms of sensitivity, reliability, and repeatability using dummy tissues made of agarose hydrogels at various saline concentrations. In addition, an in vivo study was conducted in mice with an implanted CT-26 colon tumor line. The results demonstrated that the prototyped EIS device and algorithm can detect the tumor tissue in suspicious lesions with high sensitivity and specificity of 87.2 and 92.5%, respectively, and a low error of 7.1%. The findings of this study are promising for in situ CRC screening and may advance the diagnostic efficacy of CRC detection during endoscopic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Tien Nguyen
- Korea Institute of Medical Micorobotics, Gwangju 61011, Korea
| | - Ho Yong Kim
- Korea Institute of Medical Micorobotics, Gwangju 61011, Korea
| | - Jong-Oh Park
- Korea Institute of Medical Micorobotics, Gwangju 61011, Korea
| | - Eunpyo Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Chang-Sei Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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20
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Tieng FYF, Abu N, Nasir SN, Lee LH, Ab Mutalib NS. Liquid Biopsy-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening via Surface Markers of Circulating Tumor Cells. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:2136. [PMID: 34829483 PMCID: PMC8618170 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked second for cancer-related deaths worldwide with approximately half of the patients being diagnosed at the late stages. The untimely detection of CRC results in advancement to the metastatic stage and nearly 90% of cancer-related deaths. The early detection of CRC is crucial to decrease its overall incidence and mortality rates. The recent introduction of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has enabled a less invasive sampling method from liquid biopsies, besides revealing key information toward CRC metastasis. The current gold standard for CTC identification is the CellSearch® system (Veridex). This first-generation instrumentation relies on a single cell surface marker (CSM) to capture and count CTCs. Detection of CTCs allows the identification of patients at risk for metastasis, whereas CTC enumeration could improve risk assessment, monitoring of systemic therapy, and detection of therapy resistance in advanced metastatic CRC. In this review, we compared the pros and cons between single CSM-based CTC enrichment techniques and multi-marker-based systems. We also highlighted the challenges faced in the routine implementation of CSM-dependent CTC detection methods in CRC screening, prediction, prognosis, disease monitoring, and therapy selection toward precision medicine, as well as the dwelling on post-CTC analysis and characterization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Yew Fu Tieng
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.); (S.N.N.)
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.); (S.N.N.)
| | - Siti Nurmi Nasir
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.); (S.N.N.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University of Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.); (S.N.N.)
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University of Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
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21
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Ramzannezhad A, Hayati A, Bahari A, Najafi-Ashtiani H. Magnetic detection of albuminuria using hematite nanorods synthesized via chemical hydrothermal method. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:962-968. [PMID: 34712427 PMCID: PMC8528259 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.53918.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Albuminuria is a biomarker in the diagnosis of kidney disease which is due to the presence of high albumin in the urine and is one of the complications of diabetes. In recent years, the methods used to identify albuminuria have been expensive and time-consuming. Furthermore, another problem is the lack of accurate measurement of albuminuria. This problem leads to kidney isolation as well as a decrease in erythropoietin levels. Therefore, the main aim of our work is to design a magnetic nanobiosensor with better sensitivity to detect minimal levels of albuminuria. Materials and Methods In the present work, we synthesized Hematite Nano Rods (HNRs) using FeCl3, NaOH and Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) precursors via the hydrothermal method. Then, HNRs were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) techniques. Results The obtained results from clinical performance of the HNR nanobiosensor show that the magnetization changes of HNR in interaction with the albumin biomarker can determine the presence or absence of protein in biological samples. The accuracy and repeatability of the HNR nanobiosensor from the value of the R2 coefficient in the standard equation is 0.9743. Conclusion We obtained the standard curve through interaction of the HNRs with albumin protein. The standard equation is obtained by plotting the magnetization curve of a non-interacting sample to interacting samples in terms of protein concentration. The Bland-Altman statistical graph prove that the HNR nanobiosensor is as reliable as experimental methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ramzannezhad
- Department of Science, Faculty of Imam Mohammad Bagher, Mazandaran Branch, Technical and Vocational University, Sari, Iran.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran,Sari, Iran
| | - Amir Hayati
- Department of Science, Faculty of Imam Mohammad Bagher, Mazandaran Branch, Technical and Vocational University, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Bahari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran,Sari, Iran
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22
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Abdollahi Z, Tabatabaiefar MA, Noruzi M, Miar P, Kazemi M, Naimi A, Emami MH, Zeinalian M. A Simplified Protocol for Microsatellite Instability Evaluation in Iranian Patients at Risk for Lynch Syndrome. Lab Med 2021; 53:235-241. [PMID: 34611695 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most important tumor characteristic of Lynch syndrome (LS) is microsatellite instability (MSI). In the current study, BAT34c4 and BAT26 mononucleotide markers were evaluated as part of efforts to test a cost-effective panel for MSI testing in Iranian patients, comparing it with the Promega kit. METHODS Amsterdam II clinical criteria were used to identify patients at risk for LS. The MSI status of these patients was determined using BAT34c4 and BAT26 markers, as well as the Promega kit. The results of both methods were compared, and the sensitivity and specificity of new short tandem repeat (STR) markers were estimated using statistical formulas. RESULTS Of the 37 patients we studied who were at risk for LS, 27% showed MSI-high results, via the Promega kit. The same results were achieved for BAT34c4 and BAT26 separately. CONCLUSIONS The novel 2-marker kit for MSI testing has similar accuracy as the Promega kit at a lower cost, due to fewer markers and a more economical labeling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Abdollahi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Pediatric Inherited Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Noruzi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Paniz Miar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azar Naimi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Zeinalian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Pediatric Inherited Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Ala Cancer Prevention and Control Center, Isfahan, Iran
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23
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Xiong H, Huang Z, Yang Z, Lin Q, Yang B, Fang X, Liu B, Chen H, Kong J. Recent Progress in Detection and Profiling of Cancer Cell-Derived Exosomes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007971. [PMID: 34075696 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes, known as nanometer-sized vesicles (30-200 nm), are secreted by many types of cells. Cancer-derived exosomes have great potential to be biomarkers for early clinical diagnosis and evaluation of cancer therapeutic efficacy. Conventional detection methods are limited to low sensitivity and reproducibility. There are hundreds of papers published with different detection methods in recent years to address these challenges. Therefore, in this review, pioneering researches about various detection strategies are comprehensively summarized and the analytical performance of these tests is evaluated. Furthermore, the exosome molecular composition (protein and nucleic acid) profiling, a single exosome profiling, and their application in clinical cancer diagnosis are reviewed. Finally, the principles and applications of machine learning method in exosomes researches are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Zhejun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyuan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xueen Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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24
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Xu M, Yuan L, Wang Y, Chen S, Zhang L, Zhang X. Integrative Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profiles Identifies Colorectal Cancer-Related Diagnostic Biomarkers. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609784. [PMID: 34366718 PMCID: PMC8333028 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common human malignancy worldwide. The prognosis of patients is largely frustrated by delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. DNA methylation alterations have been previously proved to be involved in CRC carcinogenesis. Methods: In this study, we proposed to identify CRC-related diagnostic biomarkers by analyzing DNA methylation and gene expression profiles. TCGA-COAD datasets downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used as the training set to screen differential expression genes (DEGs) and methylation CpG sites (dmCpGs) in CRC samples. A logistic regression model was constructed based on hyper-methylated CpG sites which were located in downregulated genes for CRC diagnosis. Another two independent datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were used as a testing set to evaluate the performance of the model in CRC diagnosis. Results: We found that CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) was a potential signature of poor prognosis by dividing CRC samples into CIMP and noCIMP groups based on a set of CpG sites with methylation standard deviation (sd) > 0.2 among CRC samples and low methylation levels (mean β < 0.05) in adjacent samples. Hyper-methylated CpGs tended to be more closed to CpG island (CGI) and transcription start site (TSS) relative to hypo-methylated CpGs (p-value < 0.05, Fisher exact test). A logistic regression model was finally constructed based on two hyper-methylated CpGs, which had an area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.98 in the training set, and 0.85 and 0.95 in the two independent testing sets. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study identified promising DNA methylation biomarkers for CRC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Xipeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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25
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Zhou J, Liu J, Gao Y, Shen L, Li S, Chen S. miRNA-Based Potential Biomarkers and New Molecular Insights in Ulcerative Colitis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:707776. [PMID: 34305614 PMCID: PMC8298863 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.707776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, which usually manifests as abdominal pain, diarrhea and hematochezia. The disease often recurs and is difficult to cure. At present, the pathogenesis is not clear, but it is believed that the disease is caused by a complex interaction among immunity, heredity, environment and intestinal microflora disorders. MicroRNA (miRNA) is endogenous single-stranded non-coding RNA of 17–25 nucleotides (nts). They target the 3'Untranslated Region of a target gene and inhibit or degrade the target gene according to the extent of complementary bases. As important gene expression regulators, miRNAs are involved in regulating the expression of most human genes, and play an important role in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases including UC. Studies in recent years have illustrated that abnormal expression of miRNA occurs very early in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, this abnormal expression is highly related to disease activity of UC and colitis-associated cancer, and involves virtually all key UC-related mechanisms, such as immunity and intestinal microbiota dysregulation. Recently, it was discovered that miRNA is highly stable outside the cell in the form of microvesicles, exosomes or apoptotic vesicles, which raises the possibility that miRNA may serve as a novel diagnostic marker for UC. In this review, we summarize the biosynthetic pathway and the function of miRNA, and summarize the usefulness of miRNA for diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of UC. Then, we described four types of miRNAs involved in regulating the mechanisms of UC occurrence and development: 1) miRNAs are involved in regulating immune cells; 2) affect the intestinal epithelial cells barrier; 3) regulate the homeostasis between gut microbiota and the host; and 4) participate in the formation of tumor in UC. Altogether, we aim to emphasize the close relationship between miRNA and UC as well as to propose that the field has value for developing potential biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangyang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liwei Shen
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Center for Health Policy & Drug Affairs Operation Management, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Simin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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26
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Kim HG, Yang SY, Han YD, Cho MS, Min BS, Lee KY, Kim NK, Hur H. Association of perioperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen level and recurrence in low-risk stage IIA colon cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252566. [PMID: 34106954 PMCID: PMC8189445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose is to investigate prognosis according to serum CEA levels before and after surgery in patients with stage IIA colon cancer who do not show high-risk features. Methods Among the patients diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma between April 2011 and December 2017, 462 patients were confirmed as low-risk stage IIA after surgery and enrolled. The ROC curve was used to determine cut-off values of pre- and postoperative CEA. Patients were classified into three groups using these new cut-off values. Results All recurrence occurred in 52 of 463 patients (11.2%). However, recurrence in group H was 15.9%, which was slightly higher than the other two groups (P = 0.04). Group L and M showed 10.5% and 12.8% overall survival, group H was higher at 21.0% (P = 0.005). Recurrence was the only risk factor in group H was significantly higher in group L (HR 2.008, 95% CI, 1.123–3.589, P = 0.019). Mortality was similar to recurrence (HR 1.975, 95% CI 1.091–3.523, P = 0.044). Conclusion Among patients with low-risk stage IIA colon cancer, recurrence and mortality rates were higher when perioperative serum CEA levels were above a certain level. Therefore, high CEA level should be considered a high-risk feature and adjuvant chemotherapy should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Gil Kim
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Yoon Yang
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Dae Han
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Soo Cho
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Soh Min
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Hur
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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27
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Uchiyama K, Naito Y, Yagi N, Mizushima K, Higashimura Y, Hirai Y, Dohi O, Okayama T, Yoshida N, Katada K, Kamada K, Ishikawa T, Takagi T, Konishi H, Kuriu Y, Nakanishi M, Otsuji E, Honda A, Itoh Y. Identification of colorectal neoplasia by using serum bile acid profile. Biomarkers 2021; 26:462-467. [PMID: 33926316 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1917663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is the gold standard for detecting earlier stages of CRC, although screening of patients is difficult because of invasiveness, low compliance and procedural health risks. Therefore, the need for new screening methods for CRC is rising. Previous studies have demonstrated the diagnostic ability of serum BAs; however, the results have been inconsistent. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of serum BAs from patients with CRC and verified their diagnostic ability to detect CRC. METHODS A total of 56 CRC patients (n = 14 each of stages I-IV), 59 patients with colonic adenoma and 60 healthy controls were included. Age and sex were matched for each group. Serum BA compositions were measured by LC-MS/MS and serum concentration of 30 types of BAs were analysed by discriminant analysis with multidimensional scaling method. RESULTS Free CA, 3epi-DCA&CDCA, 3-dehydro CA, GCA and TCA were extracted as principal component (PC) 1 and free 3-dehydroDCA as PC 2 by canonical discriminant function coefficients. The verification of discriminability using cross-validation method revealed that the correct classification rate was 66.3% for original data and 52.6% for cross-validation data. CONCLUSIONS A combined analysis using comprehensive serum BA concentration can be an efficient method for screening CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Uchiyama
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Endoscopy and Ultrasound Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Yagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Asahi University Hospital, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Katsura Mizushima
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuki Higashimura
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuko Hirai
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Dohi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Okayama
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naohisa Yoshida
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Katada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kamada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishikawa
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Takagi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department for Medical Innovation and Translational Medical Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Konishi
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kuriu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nakanishi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Honda
- Joint Research Center, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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28
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Combining Serum DNA Methylation Biomarkers and Protein Tumor Markers Improved Clinical Sensitivity for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Genomics 2021; 2021:6613987. [PMID: 33977101 PMCID: PMC8084680 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6613987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide and in China. Early CRC screening is the best approach to reduce its incidence and mortality rates. The ColoDefense test, a multiplex qPCR assay simultaneously detecting both methylated SEPT9 and SDC2 genes, has demonstrated improved clinical performance on either methylation biomarker alone for CRC screening with both blood and stool samples. Method Leftover blood chemistry test samples from 125 CRC, 35 advanced adenoma, and 35 small polyp patients and 92 healthy control subjects were examined by the ColoDefense test. Among these samples, the levels of three circulating tumor markers, CEA, AFP, and CA19-9, were also measured for 106 CRC, 28 advanced adenoma, and 20 small polyp patients and all control subjects. Results Due to the smaller volume and extended storage in nonfrozen state, the ColoDefense test with these samples exhibited reduced performance for all stages of CRC and advanced adenomas. The performance of CEA, AFP, and CA19-9 and their various combinations was also evaluated for CRC screening to identify the tumor marker combinations with the best performance. When combined with the ColoDefense test, the identified combinations did improve the clinical performance. Conclusion These results suggested a rational path towards developing a CRC screening method that takes advantage of leftover blood chemistry test samples. The successful development of such a method will undoubtedly help promote early CRC screening by increasing its accessibility for the general public.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Hussen BM, Gharebaghi A, Eghtedarian R, Taheri M. LncRNA signature in colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 222:153432. [PMID: 33857856 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequent cancers and is associated with high mortality particularly when being diagnosed in advanced stages. Although several environmental and intrinsic risk factors have been identified, the underlying cause of CRC is not clear in the majority of cases. Several studies especially in the recent decade have pointed to the role of epigenetic factors in this kind of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as important contributors in the epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the initiation, progression and metastasis of CRC. Tens of oncogenic lncRNAs and a lower number of tumor suppressor lncRNAs have been recently identified to be dysregulated in CRC cells and tissues. Notably, expressions of a number of these transcripts have been dysregulated in serum samples of CRC patients, providing a non-invasive route for detection of this kind of cancer. The involvement of lncRNAs in the regulation of autophagy has provided them the ability to modulate response of CRC cells to chemotherapeutic modalities. In the current manuscript, we review the studies which evaluated the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of CRC to appraise their application as diagnostic/ prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Alireza Gharebaghi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Reyhane Eghtedarian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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30
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The dysbiosis signature of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer-cause or consequences? A systematic review. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:194. [PMID: 33823861 PMCID: PMC8025348 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer globally and the fourth attributable cause of mortality and morbidity due to cancer. An emerging factor contributing to CRC is the gut microbiota and the cellular changes associated with it. Further insights on this may help in the prevention, diagnosis and new therapeutic approaches to colorectal cancer. In most cases of CRC, genetic factors appear to contribute less to its aetiology than environmental and epigenetic factors; therefore, it may be important to investigate these environmental factors, their effects, and the mechanisms that may contribute to this cancer. The gut microbiota has recently been highlighted as a potential risk factor that may affect the structural components of the tumor microenvironment, as well as free radical and enzymatic metabolites directly, or indirectly. Many studies have reported changes in the gut microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer. What is controversial is whether the cancer is the cause or consequence of the change in the microbiota. There is strong evidence supporting both possibilities. The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum in human colorectal specimens has been demonstrated by RNA-sequencing. F. nucleatum has been shown to express high levels of virulence factors such as FadA, Fap2 and MORN2 proteins. Our review of the published data suggest that F. nucleatum may be a prognostic biomarker of CRC risk, and hence raises the potential of antibiotic treatment of F. nucleatum for the prevention of CRC.
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Tieng FYF, Abu N, Lee LH, Ab Mutalib NS. Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer Liquid Biopsy-Current Updates on Its Potential in Non-Invasive Detection, Prognosis and as a Predictive Marker. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:544. [PMID: 33803882 PMCID: PMC8003257 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly-diagnosed cancer in the world and ranked second for cancer-related mortality in humans. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is an indicator for Lynch syndrome (LS), an inherited cancer predisposition, and a prognostic marker which predicts the response to immunotherapy. A recent trend in immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment to provide medical alternatives that have not existed before. It is believed that MSI-high (MSI-H) CRC patients would benefit from immunotherapy due to their increased immune infiltration and higher neo-antigenic loads. MSI testing such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PCR MSI assay has historically been a tissue-based procedure that involves the testing of adequate tissue with a high concentration of cancer cells, in addition to the requirement for paired normal tissues. The invasive nature and specific prerequisite of such tests might hinder its application when surgery is not an option or when the tissues are insufficient. The application of next-generation sequencing, which is highly sensitive, in combination with liquid biopsy, therefore, presents an interesting possibility worth exploring. This review aimed to discuss the current body of evidence supporting the potential of liquid biopsy as a tool for MSI testing in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Yew Fu Tieng
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.)
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
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Sabedot T, Malta T, Snyder J, Nelson K, Wells M, deCarvalho A, Mukherjee A, Chitale D, Mosella M, Sokolov A, Asmaro K, Robin A, Rosenblum M, Mikkelsen T, Rock J, Poisson L, Lee I, Walbert T, Kalkanis S, Iavarone A, Castro AV, Noushmehr H. A serum-based DNA methylation assay provides accurate detection of glioma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:1494-1508. [PMID: 33560371 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection of somatic mutations in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from liquid biopsy has emerged as a non-invasive tool to monitor the follow-up of cancer patients. However, the significance of cfDNA clinical utility remains uncertain in patients with brain tumors, primarily because of the limited sensitivity cfDNA has to detect real tumor-specific somatic mutations. This unresolved challenge has prevented accurate follow-up of glioma patients with non-invasive approaches. METHODS Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of tumor tissue and serum cell-free DNA of glioma patients. RESULTS Here, we developed a non-invasive approach to profile the DNA methylation status in the serum of patients with gliomas and identified a cfDNA-derived methylation signature that is associated with the presence of gliomas and related immune features. By testing the signature in an independent discovery and validation cohorts, we developed and verified a score metric (the "glioma epigenetic liquid biopsy score" or GeLB) that optimally distinguished patients with or without glioma (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 97.78%). Furthermore, we found that changes in GeLB score reflected clinicopathological changes during surveillance (e.g., progression, pseudoprogression or response to standard or experimental treatment). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the GeLB score can be used as a complementary approach to diagnose and follow up patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Sabedot
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Omics Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tathiane Malta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Omics Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - James Snyder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Omics Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Neuro Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kevin Nelson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Michael Wells
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Omics Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ana deCarvalho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Abir Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Dhan Chitale
- Department of Pathology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Maritza Mosella
- Omics Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Artem Sokolov
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karam Asmaro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Omics Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Adam Robin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Michael Rosenblum
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tom Mikkelsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jack Rock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Laila Poisson
- Department of Biostatistics, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ian Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tobias Walbert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Neuro Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Steven Kalkanis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Antonio Iavarone
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Ana Valeria Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Omics Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.,Omics Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
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Wu Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Hu H, Wu T, Liu S, Chen W, Xie S, Lu Z. Colorectal Cancer Screening Methods and Molecular Markers for Early Detection. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820980426. [PMID: 33353503 PMCID: PMC7768867 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820980426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive tract in humans. The development of colorectal cancer is composed of multiple stages, starting with benign adenomatous polyps in the inner wall of the large intestine and rectum, and then gradually developing. Then it developed into advanced adenomas carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. Represents the distant metastasis of the most advanced development. The purpose of this review is to novel routine screening and diagnostic methods (e.g., Endoscopy and CT colonoscopy, SEPT9 methylation assay, Fecal test) and find reliable molecular markers for early diagnosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - You Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibin Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tangwei Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuiyi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiqun Chen
- Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenggao Xie
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongxin Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, 12443Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Nikmanesh F, Sarhadi S, Dadashpour M, Asgari Y, Zarghami N. Omics Integration Analysis Unravel the Landscape of Driving Mechanisms of Colorectal Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:3539-3549. [PMID: 33369450 PMCID: PMC8046321 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.12.3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant cancers and results in a substantial rate of morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of this malignancy in early stages increases the chance of effective treatment. High-throughput data analyses reveal omics signatures and also provide the possibility of developing computational models for early detection of this disease. Such models would be able to use as complementary tools for early detection of different types of cancers including CRC. In this study, using gene expression data, the Flux balance analysis (FBA) applied to decode metabolic fluxes in cancer and normal cells. Moreover, transcriptome and genome analyses revealed driver agents of CRC in a biological network scheme. By applying comprehensive publicly available data from TCGA, different aspect of CRC regulome including the regulatory effect of gene expression, methylation, microRNA, copy number aberration and point mutation profile over protein levels investigated and the results provide a regulatory picture underlying CRC. Compiling omics profiles indicated snapshots of changes in different omics levels and flux rate of CRC. In conclusion, considering obtained CRC signatures and their role in biological operating systems of cells, the results suggest reliable driver regulatory modules that could potentially serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets and furthermore expand our understanding of driving mechanisms of this disease. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Nikmanesh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization-Research Center, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, IBTO blg., Hemmat Exp. Way, Teheran, Iran.
| | - Shamim Sarhadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Yazdan Asgari
- Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization-Research Center, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, IBTO blg., Hemmat Exp. Way, Teheran, Iran.
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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35
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Mai D, Zheng Y, Guo H, Ding P, Bai R, Li M, Ye Y, Zhang J, Huang X, Liu D, Sui Q, Pan L, Su J, Deng J, Wu G, Li R, Deng S, Bai Y, Ligu Y, Tan W, Wu C, Wu T, Zheng J, Lin D. Serum piRNA-54265 is a New Biomarker for early detection and clinical surveillance of Human Colorectal Cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:8468-8478. [PMID: 32754257 PMCID: PMC7392023 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Our previous study has demonstrated an oncogenic role of PIWI-interacting RNA-54265 (piR-54265) in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we investigate whether it can be a blood biomarker for population screening and clinical applications. Methods: Serum piR-54265 levels were determined by a digital PCR method in 209 cancer-free healthy controls, 725 patients with CRC, 1303 patients with other types of digestive cancer and 192 patients with benign colorectal tumors. A prospective case-control analysis was conducted to assess the predictive value of serum piR-54265 for future CRC diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to quantify the diagnostic performance of serum piR-54265 levels by assessing its sensitivity, specificity and respective areas under curve (AUC). The odds ratios (ORs) were computed using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: Serum piR-54265 levels were significantly elevated only in patients with CRC compared with controls and patients with other cancer types. The AUC for recognizing CRC was 0.896 (95% CI, 0.874-0.914), with a sensitivity and specificity being 85.7% and 65.1% at 1500 copies/µL as a cut-off value. The serum piR-54265 levels in patients declined substantially after surgery but increased significantly again when tumor relapses. The prediagnostic serum piR-54265 levels were significantly associated with future CRC diagnosis, with the ORs of 7.23, 2.80, 2.45, and 1.24 for those whose CRC was diagnosed within 1, 2, 3 and >3 years. Serum piR-54265 test is more sensitive than other blood CRC markers. Conclusion: Serum piR-54265 may serve as a valuable biomarker for CRC screening, early detection and clinical surveillance.
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36
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Zhu Y, Yang T, Wu Q, Yang X, Hao J, Deng X, Yang S, Gu C, Wang Z. Diagnostic performance of various liquid biopsy methods in detecting colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2020; 9:5699-5707. [PMID: 32628360 PMCID: PMC7433831 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is a promising method in detecting colorectal cancer (CRC). However, previous meta‐analyses only focused on the diagnostic performance of cell‐free DNA (cfDNA). Therefore, we firstly evaluated the overall performance of all liquid biopsy methods. The pooled sensitivities, specificities, diagnostic odds ratios, and area under curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic curve for all liquid biopsy methods, exosomes, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and cfDNA were calculated, respectively. A total of 62 articles involving 18 739 individuals were included. Fifty‐one articles were about cfDNA, five articles were about CTCs, and six articles were about exosomes. The overall performance of all liquid biopsy methods had a pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76‐0.78), 0.89 (95% CI 0.88‐0.90), and 0.9004, respectively. The sensitivities were 0.82 (95% CI 0.79‐0.85), 0.76 (95% CI 0.72‐0.80), and 0.76 (95% CI 0.75‐0.77) for CTCs, exosomes, and cfDNA, respectively. The specificities were 0.97 (95% CI95% CI 0.95‐0.99), 0.92 (95% CI 0.89‐0.94), and 0.88 (95% CI 0.87‐0.89) for CTCs, exosomes, and cfDNA, respectively. The AUC were 0.9772, 0.9037, and 0.8963 for CTCs, exosomes, and cfDNA, respectively. The overall performance of all liquid biopsy methods had great diagnostic value in detecting CRC, regardless of subtypes. Among all liquid biopsy methods, CTCs showed the best diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tinghan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qingbin Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xuyang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jianqi Hao
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiangbing Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chaoyang Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.,West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Chu YL, Li H, Ng PLA, Kong ST, Zhang H, Lin Y, Tai WCS, Yu ACS, Yim AKY, Tsang HF, Cho WCS, Wong SCC. The potential of circulating exosomal RNA biomarkers in cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2020; 20:665-678. [PMID: 32188269 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1745064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are great potentials of using exosomal RNAs (exoRNA) as biomarkers in cancers. The isolation of exoRNA requires the use of ultracentrifugation to isolate cell-free RNA followed by detection using real-time PCR, microarray, next-generation sequencing, or Nanostring nCounter system. The use of exoRNA enrichment panels has largely increased the detection sensitivity and specificity when compared to traditional diagnostic tests. Moreover, using exoRNA as biomarkers can assist the early detection of chemo and radioresistance cancer, and in turn opens up the possibility of personalized treatment to patients. Finally, exoRNA can be detected at an early stage of cancer recurrence to improve the survival rate. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors summarized the detection methods of exoRNA as well as its potential as a biomarker in cancer diagnosis and chemo and radioresistance. EXPERT OPINION The application of exoRNAs in clinical diagnosis is still in its infancy. Further researches on extracellular vesicles isolation, detection protocols, exoRNA classes and subclasses, and the regulatory biological pathways have to be performed before exoRNA can be applied translationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Lam Chu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Harriet Li
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Pik Lan Amanda Ng
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Siu Ting Kong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College , Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Department of Immunotherapy and Gastrointestinal Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - William Chi Shing Tai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , Kowloon, China
| | | | | | - Hin Fung Tsang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | - Sze Chuen Cesar Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Kowloon, Hong Kong
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A potential prognostic prediction model of colon adenocarcinoma with recurrence based on prognostic lncRNA signatures. Hum Genomics 2020; 14:24. [PMID: 32522293 PMCID: PMC7288433 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-020-00270-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the common gastrointestinal malignant diseases, with high mortality rate and poor prognosis due to delayed diagnosis. This study aimed to construct a prognostic prediction model for patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) recurrence. METHODS Differently expressed RNAs (DERs) between recurrence and non-recurrence COAD samples were identified based on expression profile data from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, recurrent COAD discriminating classifier was established using SMV-RFE algorithm, and receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess the predictive power of classifier. Furthermore, the prognostic prediction model was constructed based on univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis was used to estimate this model. Furthermore, the co-expression network of DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs was constructed followed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS A total of 54 optimized signature DElncRNAs were screened and SMV classifier was constructed, which presented a high accuracy to distinguish recurrence and non-recurrence COAD samples. Furthermore, six independent prognostic lncRNAs signatures (LINC00852, ZNF667-AS1, FOXP1-IT1, LINC01560, TAF1A-AS1, and LINC00174) in COAD patients with recurrence were screened, and the prognostic prediction model for recurrent COAD was constructed, which possessed a relative satisfying predicted ability both in the training dataset and validation dataset. Furthermore, the DEmRNAs in the co-expression network were mainly enriched in glycan biosynthesis, cardiac muscle contraction, and colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that six lncRNA signatures acted as an independent prognostic biomarker for patients with COAD recurrence.
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Wang J, Dong S, Zhang J, Jing D, Wang W, Dong L, Zhao Y. LncRNA NR2F1-AS1 Regulates miR-371a-3p/TOB1 Axis to Suppress Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:760-764. [PMID: 32407174 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent study reported the oncogenic function of lncRNA NR2F1-AS1 in liver cancer. Interestingly, by analyzing TCGA data set, downregulation of NR2F1-AS1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) was observed. This observation triggered interest to analyze the functions of NR2F1-AS1 in CRC. It was observed that NR2F1-AS1 was downregulated in CRC and predicted poor survival. NR2F1-AS1 can directly interact with miR-371a-3p but their overexpression failed to affect the expression of each other. However, NR2F1-AS1 overexpression led to the upregulation of TOB1, a target of miR-371a-3p. Cell proliferation analysis revealed reduced proliferation rate of CRC cells after NR2F1-AS1 and TOB1 overexpression. MiR-371a-3p overexpression played an opposite role and reduced the effects of NR2F1-AS1 and TOB1 overexpression. In conclusion, NR2F1-AS1 regulates miR-371a-3p/TOB1 axis to suppress proliferation of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaijun Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongshuai Jing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujia Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang City, People's Republic of China
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Huang Z, Lin Q, Ye X, Yang B, Zhang R, Chen H, Weng W, Kong J. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase based signal amplification for enzyme-linked aptamer-sorbent assay of colorectal cancer exosomes. Talanta 2020; 218:121089. [PMID: 32797865 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes have received increasingly significant attention and have shown great clinical value as biomarkers for a number of diseases. However, there is still a lack of a highly sensitive and visualized method for the detection of exosomes in numerous samples simultaneously. Here, we developed a high-throughput, colorimetric and simple method to detect colorectal cancer (CRC) exosomes based on terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-aided ultraviolet signal amplification. Anti-A33, a CRC exosomal protein marker, was selected as a capture probe, and a facility-prepared EpCAM (CRC exosomal protein) aptamer-Au-primer complex was used as a signal probe. After the CRC exosomes were captured onto the surface of 96-well plates, the primer was extended to the poly(biotin-adenine) chains with the help of TdT, resulting in an increase in the binding amount of avidin-modified horseradish peroxidase (Av-HRP) for H2O2-mediated oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl benzidine (TMB) in enzyme-linked aptamer-sorbent assay (ELASA). The results showed that the incorporation of ploy(biotin-A) enabled approximately 10.4-fold signal amplification. This approach achieved a linear range of 9.75 × 103-1.95 × 106 particles/μL for CRC cell-derived exosomes. The feasibility of the developed assay was evaluated using clinical serum samples. CRC patients (n = 16) could be clearly and successfully distinguished from healthy individuals (n = 9). Furthermore, this proposed platform holds considerable potential for the detection of different targets, simply by changing the aptamer and antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qiuyuan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ren Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Wenhao Weng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Bagheri H, Mosallaei M, Bagherpour B, Khosravi S, Salehi AR, Salehi R. TFPI2 and NDRG4 gene promoter methylation analysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells are novel epigenetic noninvasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer diagnosis. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3189. [PMID: 32196834 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a result of the growing prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC), new screening and early detection methods are required. Among the novel biomarkers, DNA methylation has emerged as a high-potential diagnosis/screening molecular marker. The present study aimed to assess non-invasive early diagnosis of CRC by examining promoter methylation of TFPI2 and NDRG4 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS Fifty CRC patients and 50 normal controls were recruited to the present study. Quantitative methylation of the promoter region of the TFPI2 and NDRG4 genes was analyzed in DNA extracted from PBMCs of all cases and control subjects using a methylation-quantification endonuclease-resistant DNA (MethyQESD) method. RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of the TFPI2 gene for the diagnosis of CRC was 88% and 92%, respectively, and, for the NDRG4 gene, it was 86% and 92%, respectively. The methylation range for the TFPI2 gene was 43.93% and 11.56% in patients and controls, respectively, and, for the NDRG4 gene, it was 38.8% in CRC patients and 12.23% in healthy controls (p < 0.001). In addition, we observed that a higher percentage of methylation was correlated with the higher stage of CRC. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study reveal that PBMCs are reliable sources of methylation analysis for CRC screening. Furthermore, the TFPI2 and NDRG4 genes provide sufficiently high sensitivity and specificity to be nominated for use in a novel noninvasive CRC screening method in PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Bagheri
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Meysam Mosallaei
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahram Bagherpour
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Gerfa Namayesh Azmayesh (GENAZMA) Science & Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sharifeh Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Gerfa Namayesh Azmayesh (GENAZMA) Science & Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran
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Chaleshi V, Irani S, Alebouyeh M, Mirfakhraie R, Aghdaei HA. Association of lncRNA-p53 regulatory network (lincRNA-p21, lincRNA-ROR and MALAT1) and p53 with the clinicopathological features of colorectal primary lesions and tumors. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3937-3949. [PMID: 32391102 PMCID: PMC7204634 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common intestinal cancer with a high mortality rate. Early detection of this type of cancer is fundamental to the prevention of the disease, which results in improved survival rates. In the human colon tissue, transition from normal epithelium to adenoma is considered to be caused by unknown molecular incidents occurring over 5-10 years. The detection of CRC has proved problematic when in the early stages of disease. In addition, identifying suitable biomarkers for the detection of CRC progress in patients remains one of the most significant challenges. Long non-coding RNAs have been demonstrated to contribute to the promotion of CRC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and biological significance of long intergenic non-coding (linc)RNA-p21, lincRNA-regulator of reprogramming (ROR) and metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in the colon tumor and polyp tissue, and the association that these have with the expression of p53 at the mRNA level. Neoplastic and paired adjacent normal tissue samples were obtained from 72 patients (46 polyps and 26 tumors). Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to determine the relative fold changes in the expression of lincRNA-p21, lincRNA-RoR, MALAT1 and p53 in the samples. A significant association was observed between the levels of MALAT1 and p53 in neoplasm tissues (R=0.073; P<0.05). The relative expression of the MALAT1 gene revealed a statistically significant difference between the different polyp types and number of polyps (P=0.0028 and 0.022, respectively). Adjuvant therapy in patients with tumors revealed an association between the levels of lincRNA-ROR and lincRNA-p21 expression (P=0.015 and 0.038, respectively). MALAT1 may be selected as an early detection biomarker for CRC. Furthermore, lincRNA-ROR and lincRNA-p21 may serve as prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Chaleshi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Masoud Alebouyeh
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
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Shaughnessy RG, Farrell D, Stojkovic B, Browne JA, Kenny K, Gordon SV. Identification of microRNAs in bovine faeces and their potential as biomarkers of Johne's Disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5908. [PMID: 32246047 PMCID: PMC7125074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62843-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) are detectable in the peripheral blood and have been touted as potential biomarkers for a range of maladies. The presence and biomarker potential of miRNAs in other biofluids has been less thoroughly explored, particularly in the veterinary realm. Faecal miRNAs are a case in point; while they have been identified largely in rodents and humans, they have not been reported in cattle but may have prognostic or diagnostic value for Johne's Disease (JD) in cattle, a chronic granulomatous inflammation of the ileum caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). The aim of this study was thus to characterise the bovine faecal miRNome and to determine the utility of these transcripts as biomarkers for JD. Real-time PCR arrays consisting of 752 miRNA targets, optimised for detection of human miRNA, were used to screen RNA purified from faecal samples obtained from confirmed JD clinical cases vs. healthy controls. Two hundred and fifty-eight miRNAs were detected in bovine faeces, three of which are potentially novel orthologs of known human miRNAs. Differential abundance of three miRNA was evident in animals with clinical JD as compared to healthy controls. Our study has therefore identified a variety of miRNAs in bovine faeces and has demonstrated their utility in differentiating healthy animals from those with late-stage JD, providing potential biomarkers for MAP infection and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan G Shaughnessy
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Biosensia, NovaUCD, Belfield Innovation Park, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Damien Farrell
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Bojan Stojkovic
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John A Browne
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kevin Kenny
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Stacumny Lane, Backweston, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Stephen V Gordon
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. .,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. .,School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. .,UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Wang N, Zhou S, Fang XC, Gao P, Qiao Q, Wu T, He XL. MMP-2, -3 and TIMP-2, -3 polymorphisms in colorectal cancer in a Chinese Han population: A case-control study. Gene 2020; 730:144320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Abdel Ghafar MT, Gharib F, Abdel-Salam S, Elkhouly RA, Elshora A, Shalaby KH, El-Guindy D, El-Rashidy MA, Soliman NA, Abu-Elenin MM, Allam AA. Role of serum Metadherin mRNA expression in the diagnosis and prediction of survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2509-2519. [PMID: 32088817 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) are important for improving patients' survival. Metadherin is an oncogene that plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis and can be suggested as a cancer biomarker. This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy of serum Metadherin mRNA expression as a potential non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis of CRC in relation to other screening markers as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (CA19.9) and Fecal occult blood (FOB) and also to assess its relationship with the tumor stage and survival rate. A convenience series of 86 CRC cases (group I) were recruited with 78 subjects as controls (group II). Serum Metadherin mRNA expression level was determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serum Metadherin mRNA expression level was significantly elevated in CRC cases when compared with controls (P < 0.001). For CRC diagnosis; Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of serum Metadherin mRNA (AUC = 0.976) was significantly higher than other routine CRC screening markers as CEA, CA19.9 and FOB. The combined accuracy of these markers (AUC = 0.741) was increased when used with serum Metadherin mRNA (AUC = 0.820). High serum Metadherin mRNA expression was associated with poorly differentiated histological grade, advanced tumor stage and lower survival rate. AUC of Metadherin was 0.820 for differentiating advanced versus early tumor stages. Serum Metadherin mRNA expression is a useful non-invasive biomarker for CRC. It can be used for screening and early diagnosis of CRC and can increase the efficacy of other routine CRC screening markers when it is estimated in CRC patients with them. It is also associated with advanced tumor stage and a lower survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tarek Abdel Ghafar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Aljaysh st, Medical Campus, Tanta, 31511, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Gharib
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sherief Abdel-Salam
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Elshora
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Khaled H Shalaby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dina El-Guindy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Nema A Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mira Maged Abu-Elenin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Alzahraa A Allam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Wang Z, Yang H, Ma D, Mu Y, Tan X, Hao Q, Feng L, Liang J, Xin W, Chen Y, Wu Y, Jia Y, Zhao H. Serum PIWI-Interacting RNAs piR-020619 and piR-020450 Are Promising Novel Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:990-998. [PMID: 32066615 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis can significantly reduce colorectal cancer deaths. We sought to identify serum PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that could serve as sensitive and specific noninvasive biomarkers for early colorectal cancer detection. METHODS We screened the piRNA expression profile in sera from 7 patients with colorectal cancer and 7 normal controls using small RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed piRNAs were measured in a training cohort of 140 patients with colorectal cancer and 140 normal controls using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. The identified piRNAs were evaluated in two independent validation cohorts of 180 patients with colorectal cancer and 180 normal controls. Finally, the diagnostic value of the identified piRNAs for colorectal adenoma (CRA) was assessed, and their expression was measured in 50 patients with lung cancer, 50 with breast cancer, and 50 with gastric cancer. RESULTS The piRNAs piR-020619 and piR-020450 were consistently elevated in sera of patients with colorectal cancer as compared with controls. A predicative panel based on the two piRNAs was established that displayed high diagnostic accuracy for colorectal cancer detection. The two-piRNA panel could detect small-size and early-stage colorectal cancer with an area under the ROC curve of 0.863 and 0.839, respectively. Combined use of the two piRNAs could effectively distinguish CRA from controls. Aberrant elevation of the two piRNAs was not observed in sera of patients with lung, breast, and gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS Serum piR-020619 and piR-020450 show a strong potential as colorectal cancer-specific early detection biomarkers. IMPACT The field of circulating piRNAs could allow for novel tumor biomarker development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfei Wang
- The Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Diagnosis, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Daguang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yongping Mu
- The Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Diagnosis, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Xiaohui Tan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Qin Hao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Abdominal Tumor Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Junqing Liang
- The Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Diagnosis, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Wen Xin
- TransGen Biotech Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yongxia Chen
- The Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Diagnosis, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yingcai Wu
- The Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Diagnosis, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yongfeng Jia
- The Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Diagnosis, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China. .,Basic Medicine College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Department of Abdominal Tumor Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China.
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Yang Y, Zhao Y, Hu N, Zhao J, Bai Y. lncRNA KIAA0125 functions as a tumor suppressor modulating growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:1463-1470. [PMID: 31228314 PMCID: PMC6899462 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in all races worldwide in recent years. The survival of the CRC patients is mostly affected by the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Thus, the current challenge is to find sensitive and reliable biomarkers in early screening of CRC. Recently, emerging evidence has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play crucial roles in tumorigenesis. In this study, we found that lncRNA KIAA0125 was downregulated in colorectal tissues and cells. The functional study demonstrated that overexpression of KIAA0125 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion whereas the reversal effects were seen in silencing experiment. Besides, KIAA0125 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition through Wnt/β-catenin signaling in CRC. Our findings suggested that KIAA0125 may act as an oncosupressor gene and could be considered as a potential diagnosis biomarker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Oncology and HematologyChina–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130033JilinChina
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Oncology and HematologyChina–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130033JilinChina
| | - Nanjun Hu
- Department of Oncology and HematologyChina–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130033JilinChina
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of AnesthesiologyChina–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130033JilinChina
| | - Yuansong Bai
- Department of Oncology and HematologyChina–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130033JilinChina
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Asgharzadeh F, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Khazaei M, Hasanzadeh M. The Therapeutic Potential of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme and Angiotensin Receptor Inhibitors in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: Rational Strategies and Recent Progress. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:4652-4658. [PMID: 30636592 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190111145140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in the world. There is a document that angiotensin (AT) which is found to be involved in the progression of CRC. Furthermore, Angiotensin receptor inhibitors (ARIs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-Is) demonstrate activity in CRC by their inhibition of both Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and therefore present a potentially novel therapeutic strategy in colorectal cancer, which have summarized in the current review. Preclinical studies have illustrated the direct effect of major active mediator angiotensin II (ATII) on the promotion of angiogenesis through VEGF and other proliferative mediators. Suppression of the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) via ACE-Is has shown a reduction in the development of solid tumor and metastasis, particularly CRC incidence, polyp formation, and distant metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a family of small nucleotides without coding that plays an important role after transcribing hundreds to thousands of non-coding and coding gene. Against this background, the application of anti-hypertensive medications such as losartan might have a therapeutic impact, although further preclinical and clinical studies might provide novel insight into the potentially beneficial effect of ACE-Is in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, United Kingdom
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Hasanzadeh
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Woman Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Circulating methylated RUNX3 and SFRP1 genes as a noninvasive panel for early detection of colorectal cancer. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 31:1342-1349. [PMID: 31524773 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to assess the methylation status of runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) genes in paired tissue and serum samples of colorectal cancer (CRC), adenomatous, and control subjects and elucidate the association between methylation status on RUNX3 and SFRP1 mRNA expression. METHODS Methylation status of RUNX3 and SFRP1 in paired tissue and serum samples and RUNX3 and SFRP1 mRNA expression in tissue from 85 patients with CRC, 40 with adenoma, and 40 healthy controls were determined using methylation-specific PCR and reverse transcription PCR. RESULTS The frequency RUNX3 and SFRP1 genes methylation was significantly higher in both tissues and serum of CRC patients and was significantly associated with absence of its corresponding mRNA expression. The concordance between tissue and serum methylation status was 94.4% for RUNX3 and 94.3% for SFRP1. Tissue RUNX3 methylation status detected CRC with 63.53% sensitivity and 80.00% specificity, while serum RUNX3 methylation status detected CRC with 60.00% sensitivity and 82.50% specificity. Tissue SFRP1 methylation status showed a sensitivity of 82.35% and specificity of 65.00%, while serum SFRP1 methylation status showed a sensitivity of 77.65% and specificity of 70.00% in detection of CRC. RUNX3/SFRP1/carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) panel identified CRC with sensitivity of 89.41% in tissue and 84.71% in serum. CONCLUSION Our results verified the reliability of using serum RUNX3 and SFRP1 methylation status as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis of CRC and that combined detection of RUNX3/SFRP1/CEA panel might be a promising strategy for early detection of CRC.
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Chen J, Sun H, Tang W, Zhou L, Xie X, Qu Z, Chen M, Wang S, Yang T, Dai Y, Wang Y, Gao T, Zhou Q, Song Z, Liao M, Liu W. DNA methylation biomarkers in stool for early screening of colorectal cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:5264-5271. [PMID: 31602277 PMCID: PMC6775613 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Detection of aberrant methylated genes in feces has been developed as an early screening method for colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to probe the methylation status of SEPT9, BMP3, NDRG4, and SDC2 in stool and study whether methylation of these genes is associated with colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods: DNAs were isolated and purified from cancerous and non-cancerous stool samples and colorectal cancer tissue. Gene methylation levels were quantified by methylation-specific PCR on SEPT9, BMP3, NDRG4, and SDC2 and analyzed by a diagnostic model. Results: DNA methylation of SEPT9, NDRG4 and SDC2, but not BMP3, had diagnostic potential for detecting colorectal cancer. Moreover, integration of SEPT9, NDRG4, and SDC2 methylation demonstrated high feasibility for detecting colorectal cancer and adenoma, with better performance on colorectal cancer than adenoma. Conclusion: The methylation of SEPT9, NDRG4, and SDC2 in stool may be a potential biomarker for early screening of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Essential Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Sun
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Weisen Tang
- Department of Essential Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Essential Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Xi Xie
- Department of Essential Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Qu
- Department of Essential Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- Department of Essential Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Shunyao Wang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Ting Yang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Ying Dai
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Yongli Wang
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Tangjie Gao
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Song
- GeneTalks Biotech Co., Ltd. Changsha, Hunan, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Mingmei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Essential Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
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