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Menshawy S, Essa B, Shaaban S, Zaid AA, AbouLaila M, Wheeb H. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Hysterothylacium species infecting Pandora (Pagellus erythrinus) in the Mediterranean Sea of Egypt. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 52:101037. [PMID: 38880581 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Species of the genus Hysterothylacium are aquatic roundworms (nematodes) belonging to the family Raphidascarididae. Some species in this family are known to be associated with zoonotic diseases in humans after they consume their parasitic larvae in raw or undercooked fish. The aim of this research was to report the prevalence, morphology, and molecular characteristics of Hysterothylacium species in Pagellus erythrinus. A total of Two hundred fish were purchased from the fish market in Damanhour, Beheira Province, between December 2021 and November 2022 and subjected to examination. For molecular characterization, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 (COX-2) gene were used. Hysterothylacium species were morphologically described and identified from the intestine of Pagellus erythrinus in Beheira Province, Egypt. The PCR amplified 1087 bp and 629 bp of the target sequences of the ITS region and COX-2 gene, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed the Hysterothylacium thalassini species. The identified species provided novel biological data for the Hysterothylacium nematode in Pagellus erythrinus. The prevalence of Hysterothylacium species recovered from the intestine was 55%. The highest prevalence of 72% has been reported in summer compared to the lowest prevalence of 38% in the winter. Females had a higher prevalence of 61.8% than males, with 44.2%. The first detection, prevalence, and molecular characterization of H. thalassini in Pagellus erythrinus from Beheira Province, Egypt, was presented in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad Menshawy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Elbehera, Egypt
| | - Bothaina Essa
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Elbehera, Egypt
| | - Sabah Shaaban
- Department of Zoonosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Elbehera, Egypt
| | - Attia Abou Zaid
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud AbouLaila
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Elbehera, Egypt.
| | - Heba Wheeb
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Elbehera, Egypt
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Kim S, Lee BS, Choe S. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the common minke whale in Korean waters. PARASITES, HOSTS AND DISEASES 2023; 61:240-250. [PMID: 37648229 PMCID: PMC10471470 DOI: 10.3347/phd.23046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The genus Anisakis is among the most significant parasites to public health, as it causes anisakiasis, a parasitic infection in humans resulting from consuming raw or undercooked seafood. Although the infection status of i>Anisakis in second intermediate hosts, such as marine fishes and cephalopods, and humans have been severally reported in Korea, no information about the definitive host in Korean waters is available. In 2014, 2 adult gastric nematodes were collected from a common minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) found in the East Sea, Korea. These worms were identified as A. simplex sensu stricto (s.s.) by comparing the mitochondrial COX2 marker with previously deposited sequences. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses of A. simplex (s.s.) worldwide revealed 2 distinct populations: the Pacific population and the European waters population. This is the first report on adult i>Anisakis and its definitive host species in Korea. Further studies on Anisakis infection in other cetacean species and marine mammals in Korean seas are warrantedi>Anisakis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Parasite Research Center, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644,
Korea
| | - Bom Sok Lee
- National Ocean Science Museum, Uljin 36315,
Korea
| | - Seongjun Choe
- Department of Parasitology and Parasite Research Center, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644,
Korea
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Epidemiological, morphological and molecular characterization of Anisakis simplex(sensu stricto) in Clupea harengus from Egypt. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2021; 24:100574. [PMID: 34024390 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence, morphological and molecular characterization of Anisakid larvae in smoked herring fish (Clupea harengus) from five governorates that represent Northern, Middle, and Southern Egypt which include; Menofia, Alexandrina, Qaliubiya, Sohag, and Assiut were elucidated in this study, smoked herring fish samples were collected from local markets during 2020, 384 positive (42.7%) out of 815 examined samples, the highest prevalence was observed in middle and southern Egypt (Sohag (139/230, 60.43%), and Menofiya (123/215, 57.20%), they were found to be naturally infected with Anisakis simplex larvae as free in peritoneal cavity, Based on morphological, morphometric by SEM, and molecular analyses of ITS-2 ribosomal DNA targeted gene and phylogenic analysis, these nematodes were identified as third- stage larvae of Anisakis simplex.
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Safonova AE, Voronova AN, Vainutis KS. First report on molecular identification of Anisakis simplex in Oncorhynchus nerka from the fish market, with taxonomical issues within Anisakidae. J Nematol 2021; 53:e2021-23. [PMID: 33860240 PMCID: PMC8039977 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alive anisakids cause acute gastrointestinal diseases, and dead worms contained in food can provoke sensibilization and allergic reactions in humans. Detected in the purchased minced salmon Oncorhynchus nerka nematodes were identified as Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (Anisakidae). We found that recently published phylogenetic trees (reconstructed using different ribosomal and mitochondrial genetic markers) showed independent clusterization of species recognized in the A. simplex sensu lato species complex. This prompted us to undertake this full-fledged molecular genetics study of anisakids from Kamchatka with phylogenetic reconstructions (NJ/ML) and calculated ranges of interspecific and intergeneric p-distances using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences. We confirmed that molecular markers based on the ITS region of rDNA were able to recognize 'pure' specimens belonging to the cryptic species. We offer new insights into the systematics of anisakids. The genus Anisakis sensu stricto should include Anisakis simplex sensu stricto, Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis berlandi, Anisakis ziphidarum, and Anisakis nascettii. Presumably, two genera should be restored in the structure of the subfamily Anisakinae: Skrjabinisakis for the species Anisakis paggiae, Anisakis brevispiculata, and Anisakis physeteris; and Peritrachelius for the species Anisakis typica. In addition, we provide the short annotated list of some genera of the family Anisakidae, including their diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina E. Safonova
- Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Street, 8, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Anastasia N. Voronova
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS, pr. 100-letija, 159, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Konstantin S. Vainutis
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS, pr. 100-letija, 159, Vladivostok, Russia
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Aco Alburqueque R, Palomba M, Santoro M, Mattiucci S. Molecular Identification of Zoonotic Parasites of the Genus Anisakis (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from Fish of the Southeastern Pacific Ocean (Off Peru Coast). Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110910. [PMID: 33153055 PMCID: PMC7692232 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to perform, for the first time, the molecular identification of anisakid larvae in commercial fish from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean off the Peru coast, and to provide data on their infection level by fishing ground, fish host, and site of infection. Fish specimens (N = 348) from the northern and the central coast of Peru were examined for parasites. The fish fillets were examined by the UV-press method. Anisakis spp. larvae (N = 305) were identified by mtDNA cox2 sequences analysis and by the ARMS-PCR of the locus nas10 nDNA. Two hundred and eighty-eight Anisakis Type I larvae corresponded to Anisakis pegreffii, whereas 17 Anisakis Type II larvae clustered in a phylogenetic lineage distinct from Anisakis physeteris deposited in GenBank, and corresponding to a phylogenetic lineage indicated as Anisakis sp. 2, previously detected in fish from both Pacific and Atlantic waters. Anisakis pegreffii was found to infect both the flesh and viscera, while Anisakis sp. 2 occurred only in the viscera. The average parasitic burden with A. pegreffii in the examined fish species from the two fishing grounds was significantly higher than that observed with Anisakis sp. 2. The results obtained contribute to improve the knowledge on the distribution and occurrence of Anisakis species in Southeastern Pacific waters and their implications in seafood safety for the local human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Aco Alburqueque
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Section of Parasitology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.A.A.); (M.P.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Honorio Delgado 430, Lima 31, Peru
| | - Marialetizia Palomba
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Section of Parasitology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.A.A.); (M.P.)
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena, 291, 00161 Roma, Italy
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Mario Santoro
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Simonetta Mattiucci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Section of Parasitology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (R.A.A.); (M.P.)
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Viale Regina Elena, 291, 00161 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+6-49914894
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Gomes TL, Quiazon KMA, Kotake M, Itoh N, Yoshinaga T. Anisakis spp. in fishery products from Japanese waters: Updated insights on host prevalence and human infection risk factors. Parasitol Int 2020; 78:102137. [PMID: 32439483 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The nematodes of the genus Anisakis are among the most relevant parasitic hazards in fishery products since they are responsible for human infection and allergy cases. In a food safety and epidemiological perspective, several marine hosts from different locations around Japan were examined to characterize the parasitism of Anisakis larvae. Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) showed the highest overall prevalence (100%), followed by blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) (97.5%), Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) (80%), chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) (60.1%), Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) (17%) and Japanese pilchard (Sardinops sagax melanostictus) (2%). In Pacific krill (Euphausia pacifica), apart from one Hysterothylacium aduncum larva, no Anisakis specimens were detected. Anisakis simplex sensu stricto was molecularly identified (PCR-RFLP) for the first time in Japanese flying squid and Japanese pilchard distributed in the Northwestern Pacific ocean. That was the most frequent parasitic species detected followed by A. pegreffii, mostly in the western areas of Japan, hybrid genotypes between the two sibling species as well as A. typica and A. berlandi. Surprisingly, A. simplex s.s. was the most abundant species in one batch of chub mackerel from the East China Sea and A. pegreffii was the main species found in one batch from the Pacific coast of Aomori, which seems to indicate that the ranges of these two sibling species might be more variable than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Leandro Gomes
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Karl Marx A Quiazon
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Freshwater Aquaculture Center and College of Fisheries, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3120, Philippines
| | - Maho Kotake
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoki Itoh
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Yoshinaga
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Roca-Geronès X, Segovia M, Godínez-González C, Fisa R, Montoliu I. Anisakis and Hysterothylacium species in Mediterranean and North-East Atlantic fishes commonly consumed in Spain: Epidemiological, molecular and morphometric discriminant analysis. Int J Food Microbiol 2020; 325:108642. [PMID: 32361053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of raw fish parasitized with larval ascaridoid nematodes of the family Anisakidae can cause anisakiasis, provoking gastrointestinal and/or allergic symptomatology. The main causative agents in the Anisakis genus are the sibling species Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.) and A. pegreffii of the A. simplex sensu lato (s.l.) complex. Larvae of A. simplex (s.l.) are frequently detected in fish commonly consumed in Spain, as are larvae of the genus Hysterothylacium of the family Raphidascarididae, associated with allergic reactions but not considered pathogenic. Reported here are the results of an epidemiological survey of ascaridoid larvae in three commonly consumed fish species in Spain, horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) (n = 52), blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) (n = 93) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) (n = 69), caught in the North-Eastern Atlantic, West Mediterranean and Adriatic Sea. The larvae found in the dissected fish were identified in the following order of abundance: A. simplex (s.l.) (n = 2003), Hysterothylacium aduncum (n = 422), H. fabri (n = 180) and A. physeteris (n = 15). Binomial regression analysis showed a correlation between A. simplex (s.l.) and Hysterothylacium larvae abundance and the host geographical location, the North-Eastern Atlantic being the area with the highest parasitation. Fish length and weight and Fulton's condition factor were correlated with A. simplex (s.l.) abundance only in horse mackerel. There was a significant presence of A. simplex (s.l.) and H. aduncum larvae in the musculature of North-Eastern Atlantic blue whiting, the most parasitized part being the anteroventral region, followed equally by the anterodorsal and central sections. The ITS rDNA of larvae of the sibling species A. simplex (s.s.) and A. pegreffii was identified by PCR-RFLP, and a binary logistic regression model was developed to study their morphometric differentiation. Anisakis simplex (s.s.) was detected in the North-Eastern Atlantic and A. pegreffii in all the areas studied. The morphometric analysis discriminated between the two species at the third and fourth larval stages (L3 and L4), the latter obtained by in vitro culture in RPMI-1640 medium. Two discriminant functions were obtained for the L3 and L4 larvae, the ventricle being a key parameter for specific differentiation in both stages, providing taxonomical criteria that could be used besides molecular identification. The present study reveals differences in the parasitation of the studied fish, including the distribution of larvae in the musculature, related to the host species and its geographical origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Roca-Geronès
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Matías Segovia
- Department of Health, Miquel Martí i Pol Institute, Generalitat de Catalunya, Verge de Montserrat 51, 08940, Cornellà de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carla Godínez-González
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roser Fisa
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isabel Montoliu
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Biology, Health and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Tunya R, Wongsawad C, Wongsawad P, Chai JY. Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Anisakis typica Larvae in Two Species of Threadfin Bream, Nemipterus hexodon and N. japonicus, from the Gulf of Thailand. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2020; 58:15-25. [PMID: 32145723 PMCID: PMC7066448 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The third stage larvae (L3) of Anisakis typica were detected in 2 species of threadfin bream, Nemipterus hexodon and N. japonicus, from the Gulf of Thailand, and were morphologically and molecularly characterized. Total 100 threadfin breams, 50 Nemipterus hexodon and 50 N. japonicus, were examined with naked eyes after the opening of abdominal cavity with scissors. Almost all infected larvae remained alive and active even the fish were transported for 1-2 days. Anisakid larvae were exclusively distributed in the body cavity and rarely in the liver. The prevalence of A. typica L3 were 68.0% and 60.0% in N. hexodon and N. japonicus and their infection intensities were 3.5 and 4.2 per fish infected each. Morphological and morphometric analysis were performed by viewing specimens under both a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Interestingly, the protruded mucron of Anisakis typica under SEM showed a distinct cylindrical shape that differed from the cone shape of A. simplex. The protruded mucron could be used to identify A. typica L3 larvae in the future. A comparison of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA nucleotide sequences of these species revealed high blast scores with A. typica. Conclusively, it was confirmed that A. typica L3 are prevalent in threadfin breams from the Gulf of Thailand, and their morphological and molecular characters are something different from those of other anisakid larvae, including A. simplex and A. pegreffii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rattanachai Tunya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50202,
Thailand
| | - Chalobol Wongsawad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50202,
Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center (ESRC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50202,
Thailand
| | - Pheravut Wongsawad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50202,
Thailand
- Economic Plant Genome Service Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50202,
Thailand
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP), Seoul 07649,
Korea
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080,
Korea
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Yang S, Pei X, Li Y, Zhan L, Tang Z, Chen W, Song X, Yang D. Epidemical study of third stage larvae of Anisakis spp. infection in marine fishes in China from 2016 to 2017. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim JH, Kim JO, Jeon CH, Nam UH, Subramaniyam S, Yoo SI, Park JH. Comparative transcriptome analyses of the third and fourth stage larvae of Anisakis simplex (Nematoda: Anisakidae). Mol Biochem Parasitol 2018; 226:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Yera H, Fréalle É, Dutoit E, Dupouy-Camet J. A national retrospective survey of anisakidosis in France (2010-2014): decreasing incidence, female predominance, and emerging allergic potential. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:23. [PMID: 29637891 PMCID: PMC5894341 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2018016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective survey was carried out over the years 2010–2014 among all Parasitology laboratories of University hospitals in France (ANOFEL network). The objective was to estimate the incidence of anisakidosis in France as new culinary habits such as the consumption of raw fish (sushi) or undercooked fish are increasing. A total of 37 cases of anisakidosis were notified by all French laboratories: 7 proven cases with evidence of a worm, 12 possible cases with abdominal pain after consumption of raw fish with detection of anti-Anisakis precipitins, and 18 allergic cases defined as acute manifestations after consumption of fish, associated with specific IgE for Anisakis. The median age of affected individuals was 42 years (11-69) and there was a significant predominance of women (67%). Compared with previous surveys in France, this study indicates a decrease in clinical cases of anisakidosis and illustrates the emerging allergic potential of anisakids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Yera
- Parasitology-Mycology Department, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Émilie Fréalle
- CHU Lille, Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, 59000 Lille, France - Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Dutoit
- CHU Lille, Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Dupouy-Camet
- Parasitology-Mycology Department, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg St Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
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Mattiucci S, Cipriani P, Levsen A, Paoletti M, Nascetti G. Molecular Epidemiology of Anisakis and Anisakiasis: An Ecological and Evolutionary Road Map. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 29530312 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review addresses the biodiversity, biology, distribution, ecology, epidemiology, and consumer health significance of the so far known species of Anisakis, both in their natural hosts and in human accidental host populations, worldwide. These key aspects of the Anisakis species' biology are highlighted, since we consider them as main driving forces behind which most of the research in this field has been carried out over the past decade. From a public health perspective, the human disease caused by Anisakis species (anisakiasis) appears to be considerably underreported and underestimated in many countries or regions around the globe. Indeed, when considering the importance of marine fish species as part of the everyday diet in many coastal communities around the globe, there still exist significant knowledge gaps as to local epidemiological and ecological drivers of the transmission of Anisakis spp. to humans. We further identify some key knowledge gaps related to Anisakis species epidemiology in both natural and accidental hosts, to be filled in light of new 'omic' technologies yet to be fully developed. Moreover, we suggest that future Anisakis research takes a 'holistic' approach by integrating genetic, ecological, immunobiological, and environmental factors, thus allowing proper assessment of the epidemiology of Anisakis spp. in their natural hosts, in human populations, and in the marine ecosystem, in both space and time.
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Crotta M, Ferrari N, Guitian J. Qualitative risk assessment of introduction of anisakid larvae in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) farms and commercialization of products infected with viable nematodes. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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First Record of Anisakis simplex Third-Stage Larvae (Nematoda, Anisakidae) in European Hake Merluccius merluccius lessepsianus in Egyptian Water. J Parasitol Res 2016; 2016:9609752. [PMID: 26925257 PMCID: PMC4746349 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9609752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of infection and the identification of anisakid larvae in European hake Merluccius merluccius lessepsianus from Hurghada City, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt, were investigated. Fish samples were collected during the period of February and November 2014. Twenty-two (36.66%) out of sixty examined fish specimens were found to be naturally infected with Anisakis type I larvae mostly found as encapsulated larvae in visceral organs. There was a positive relationship between host length/weight and prevalence of infection. Based on morphological, morphometric, and molecular analyses, these nematodes were identified as third-stage larvae of Anisakis simplex. The present study was considered as the first report of anisakid larvae from European hake in the Egyptian water.
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Cho J, Lim H, Jung BK, Shin EH, Chai JY. Anisakis pegreffii Larvae in Sea Eels (Astroconger myriaster) from the South Sea, Republic of Korea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2015; 53:349-53. [PMID: 26174831 PMCID: PMC4510688 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.), Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis berlandi (=A. simplex sp. C), and Anisakis typica are the 4 major species of Anisakis type I larvae. In the Republic of Korea (Korea), A. pegreffii, A. berlandi, and A. typica larvae in fish hosts has seldom been documented. In this study, molecular analysis was performed on Anisakis larvae from the sea eels (Astroconger myriaster), the major source of human anisakiasis in Korea, collected from Tongyeong City, a southern coastal area of Korea. All 20 sea eels examined were infected with Anisakis type I larvae (160 larvae; 8 per fish). Their species were analyzed using PCR-RFLP patterns and nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, 5.8 subunit gene, and ITS2) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 2 (cox2). Most (86.8%; 112/129) of the Anisakis type I larvae were A. pegreffii, and 7.8% (10/129) were A. typica. The remaining 5.4% (7/129) was not identified. Thus, A. pegreffii is the major species of anisakid larvae in sea eels of the southern coast of Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeeun Cho
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Hyemi Lim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Bong-Kwang Jung
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Shin
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea ; Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 463-707, Korea
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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Pathogenic potential of two sibling species, Anisakis simplex (s.s.) and Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae): in vitro and in vivo studies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:983656. [PMID: 25685821 PMCID: PMC4317597 DOI: 10.1155/2015/983656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenic potentials of two sibling nematodes Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.) and A. pegreffii were compared by in vitro and in vivo studies. Live third-stage larvae of each species were subjected to agar blocks made using PBS or RPMI-1640, overlaid with different supernatants (artificial gastric juice, PBS, and RPMI-1640), and their penetration ability was compared. Their tolerance of artificial gastric juice was also tested. Further, they were introduced into rats by gastric intubation, and the in vivo locations of them were investigated. A. pegreffii showed higher penetration ability than A. simplex (s.s.) in most of the experimental conditions, except for the RPMI-1640 agar block overlaid with artificial gastric juice. In an acid tolerance test, the mean survival times were 6.1 days for A. simplex (s.s.) and 4.2 days for A. pegreffii. In an animal experiment, A. simplex (s.s.) stayed for a shorter time in the stomachs of rats than A. pegreffii. Some A. pegreffii and A. simplex (s.s.) were embedded in the gastric mucosa or freely existed in the abdominal cavity. All of these results suggest that A. pegreffii has the pathogenic potential to cause anisakidosis in humans when ingested, as does A. simplex (s.s.).
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Hysterothylacium aduncum (Nematoda, Anisakidae) with a new host record from the common sole Solea solea (Soleidae) and its role as a biological indicator of pollution. Parasitol Res 2014; 114:513-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Sohn WM, Kang JM, Na BK. Molecular analysis of Anisakis type I larvae in marine fish from three different sea areas in Korea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2014; 52:383-9. [PMID: 25246717 PMCID: PMC4170034 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2014.52.4.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Anisakiasis, a human infection of Anisakis L3 larvae, is one of the common foodborne parasitic diseases in Korea. Studies on the identification of anisakid larvae have been performed in the country, but most of them have been focused on morphological identification of the larvae. In this study, we analyzed the molecular characteristics of 174 Anisakis type I larvae collected from 10 species of fish caught in 3 different sea areas in Korea. PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses of rDNA ITS and mtDNA cox1 revealed that the larvae showed interesting distribution patterns depending on fish species and geographical locations. Anisakis pegreffii was predominant in fish from the Yellow Sea and the South Sea. Meanwhile, both A. pegreffii and A. simplex sensu stricto (A. simplex s.str.) larvae were identified in fish from the East Sea, depending on fish species infected. These results suggested that A. pegreffii was primarily distributed in a diverse species of fish in 3 sea areas around Korea, but A. simplex s.str. was dominantly identified in Oncorhynchus spp. in the East Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-751, Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-751, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-751, Korea
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Collaborative study for quantification of Anisakis larvae in spiked salmon fillets (Salmo salar) by a modified Codex digestion method. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-014-0907-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lin RJ, Wu MH, Ma YH, Chung LY, Chen CY, Yen CM. Anthelmintic activities of aporphine from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. cv. Rosa-plena against Hymenolepis nana. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:3624-39. [PMID: 24583851 PMCID: PMC3975358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15033624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. cv. Rosa-plena (Nelumbonaceae), commonly known as lotus, is a perennial aquatic plant grown and consumed throughout Asia. All parts of N. nucifera have been used for various medicinal purposes in oriental medicine. From the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. cv. Rosa-plena (an aquatic plant), liriodenine (1), lysicamine (2), (−)-anonaine (3), (-)-asimilobine (4), (-)-caaverine (5), (-)-N-methylasimilobine (6), (-)-nuciferine (7), (-)-nornuciferine (8), (-)-roemerine (9), 7-hydroxydehydronuciferine (10) and cepharadione B (11) were isolated and identification and anthelmintic activities of aporphine was evaluated against Anisakis simplex and Hymenolepis nana. This study found that the above constituents killed H. nana or reduced their spontaneous movements (oscillation/peristalsis). However, the above constituents at various concentrations demonstrated no larvicidal effect or ability to halt spontaneous parasite movement for 72 h against A. simplex, respectively. In addition, according to an assay of cestocidal activity against H. nana and nematocidal activity against A. simplex, we found that the above compounds showed greater lethal efficacy on H. nana than against A. simplex. Further investigation showed that these above constituents have effects against peroxyl radicals under cestocidal effect. Together, these findings suggest that these constituents of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. cv. Rosa-plena might be used as anthelmintic agents against H. nana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jyh Lin
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsuan Ma
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Yu Chung
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Ta-Liao District, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan.
| | - Chuan-Min Yen
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Anshary H, Sriwulan, Freeman MA, Ogawa K. Occurrence and molecular identification of Anisakis Dujardin, 1845 from marine fish in southern Makassar Strait, Indonesia. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2014; 52:9-19. [PMID: 24623876 PMCID: PMC3949002 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2014.52.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitize a wide range of marine animals, mammals serving as the definitive host and different fish species as intermediate or paratenic hosts. In this study, 18 fish species were investigated for Anisakis infection. Katsuwonus pelamis, Euthynnus affinis, Caranx sp., and Auxis thazard were infected with high prevalence of Anisakis type I, while Cephalopholis cyanostigma and Rastrelliger kanagurta revealed low prevalence. The mean intensity of Anisakis larvae in K. pelamis and A. thazard was 49.7 and 5.6, respectively. A total of 73 Anisakis type I larvae collected from K. pelamis and A. thazard were all identified as Anisakis typica by PCR-RFLP analysis. Five specimens of Anisakis from K. pelamis and 15 specimens from A. thazard were sequenced using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and 6 specimens from A. thazard and 4 specimens from K. pelamis were sequenced in mtDNA cox2 region. Alignments of the samples in the ITS region showed 2 patterns of nucleotides. The first pattern (genotype) of Anisakis from A. thazard had 100% similarity with adult A. typica from dolphins from USA, whereas the second genotype from A. thazard and K. pelamis had 4 base pairs different in ITS1 region with adult A. typica from USA. In the mtDNA cox2 regions, Anisakis type I specimens from A. thazard and K. pelamis showed similarity range from 94% to 99% with A. typica AB517571/DQ116427. The difference of 4 bp nucleotides in ITS1 regions and divergence into 2 subgroups in mtDNA cox2 indicating the existence of A. typica sibling species in the Makassar Strait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Anshary
- Laboratory of Fish Parasites and Diseases, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Sriwulan
- Laboratory of Fish Parasites and Diseases, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Mark A Freeman
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | - Kazuo Ogawa
- Meguro Parasitological Museum, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-0064, Japan
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Mo TA, Gahr A, Hansen H, Hoel E, Oaland Ø, Poppe TT. Presence of Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809 det. Krabbe, 1878) and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) (Nematoda; Anisakidae) in runts of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2014; 37:135-140. [PMID: 23488892 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
One hundred farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., were examined for the presence of nematodes by digestion of tissue in HCl-pepsin solution. All fish were sampled from one cage in a fish farm on the Norwegian south-west coast. Fifty harvest quality salmon, that is, salmon for human consumption (mean 5.4 kg, variation 3.0-7.6 kg), were sampled at the processing line while 50 salmon runts (mean 1.1 kg, variation 0.4-1.8 kg), discarded due to poor performance, were sampled from the discard bin after the grading station. Runts are individual fish with clear signs of poor performance over time and abnormal appearance and are thus not processed for human consumption. No nematodes were found in the musculature or viscera of the 50 harvest quality salmon. In total, 75 nematodes were found in 10 (20%) of the runts; 53 nematodes in the viscera and 22 in the musculature. Nematodes in the musculature were identified as Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809 det. Krabbe, 1878), while nematodes in the viscera were identified as A. simplex and Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802).
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Mo
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
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Molecular identification of Anisakis species (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes collected in Turkish waters. Vet Parasitol 2014; 201:82-94. [PMID: 24485564 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Anisakid nematodes are important etiological agents for zoonotic human anisakiasis (or anisakidosis). These parasites in the Turkish waters still remain unexplored. This study aims the molecular identification of Anisakis species in Turkey's coast from Black, Aegean and Mediterranean Sea and specifically to screen for zoonotic species in commonly commercialized a total of 1145 fish belonging to 31 different species using both polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit II (cox2) gene. A total of 776 Anisakis type I larvae were isolated in 56/1145 (4.8%) fish of 7 species from Turkish waters. The combining all of our results, e.g., morphology, PCR-RFLP, ITS region, and the cox2 gene, conclusively supported the identification of 3 Anisakis spp. taken from marine fish hosts, namely Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis typica and Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.str.)/A. pegreffii hybrid genotype. No Anisakis larvae were isolated from the Black Sea whereas A. pegreffii, A. typica and A. simplex s.str./A. pegreffii hybrid genotype was found in the Aegean Sea and A. pegreffii was only isolated from the Mediterranean Sea. This study represents the first identification of A. typica and A. simplex s.str./A. pegreffii hybrid genotypes from Turkish waters. Moreover, in the present study first record of the presence of A. pegreffii is also reported from Turkish coasts of Aegean and Mediterranean Sea. No zoonotic Anisakis species were found in commonly commercialized 1025 fish belonging to 16 different species from the Black Sea, thus Turkish populations who consume captured fish from the Black Sea may have a less risk of human anisakiasis or allergies. However, the prevalence of larvae were 47.1% and 46% and recognized zoonotic A. pegreffii were identified from the Aegean and Mediterranean Sea coast, suggesting a high threat of anisakiasis or allergies for Turkish populations who consume fish originating in these regions.
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Molecular characterization of Hysterothylacium fabri (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from Zeus faber (Pisces: Zeidae) caught off the Mediterranean coasts of Turkey based on nuclear ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Parasitol Int 2013; 63:127-31. [PMID: 24148286 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, Hysterothylacium fabri was found in the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, Turkey and characterized by sequencing of nuclear (internal transcribed spacer, ITS) and mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2, cox2) markers. Pairwise comparison between the entire ITS fragment including ITS-1, 5.8S, ITS-2 sequences of the H. fabri isolates from the Mediterranean Sea (Turkey, KC852206) and other H. fabri isolates from the South China Sea (JQ520158), the South Korea waters (JX974558) showed differences ranged from 0.1 and 1.1%. With the present study, H. fabri from the Mediterranean Sea was characterized for the first time by sequencing of the cox2 gene.
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Koinari M, Karl S, Elliot A, Ryan U, Lymbery AJ. Identification of Anisakis species (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in marine fish hosts from Papua New Guinea. Vet Parasitol 2012; 193:126-33. [PMID: 23290280 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The third-stage larvae of several genera of anisakid nematodes are important etiological agents for zoonotic human anisakiasis. The present study investigated the prevalence of potentially zoonotic anisakid larvae in fish collected on the coastal shelves off Madang and Rabaul in Papua New Guinea (PNG) where fish represents a major component of the diet. Nematodes were found in seven fish species including Decapterus macarellus, Gerres oblongus, Pinjalo lewisi, Pinjalo pinjalo, Selar crumenophthalmus, Scomberomorus maculatus and Thunnus albacares. They were identified by both light and scanning electron microscopy as Anisakis Type I larvae. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit II (cox2) gene identified all nematodes as Anisakis typica. This study represents the first in-depth characterisation of Anisakis larvae from seven new fish hosts in PNG. The overall prevalence of larvae was low (7.6%) and no recognised zoonotic Anisakis species were identified, suggesting a very low threat of anisakiasis in PNG.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koinari
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
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Morphological and genetic characterization of Hysterothylacium zhoushanensis sp. nov. (Ascaridida: Anisakidae) from the flatfish Pseudorhombus oligodon (Bleeker) (Pleuronectiformes: Paralichthyidae) in the East China Sea. Parasitol Res 2012; 111:2393-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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