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Brandão YDO, Molento MB. A Systematic Review of Apicomplexa Looking into Epigenetic Pathways and the Opportunity for Novel Therapies. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020299. [PMID: 36839571 PMCID: PMC9963874 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in host epigenetic changes during apicomplexan infections increased in the last decade, mainly due to the emergence of new therapies directed to these alterations. This review aims to carry out a bibliometric analysis of the publications related to host epigenetic changes during apicomplexan infections and to summarize the main studied pathways in this context, pointing out those that represent putative drug targets. We used four databases for the article search. After screening, 116 studies were included. The bibliometric analysis revealed that the USA and China had the highest number of relevant publications. The evaluation of the selected studies revealed that Toxoplasma gondii was considered in most of the studies, non-coding RNA was the most frequently reported epigenetic event, and host defense was the most explored pathway. These findings were reinforced by an analysis of the co-occurrence of keywords. Even though we present putative targets for repurposing epidrugs and ncRNA-based drugs in apicomplexan infections, we understand that more detailed knowledge of the hosts' epigenetic pathways is still needed before establishing a definitive drug target.
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2
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Fang J, Kuang J, Hu S, Yang X, Wan W, Li J, Fan X. Upregulated microRNA-450b-5p represses the development of acute liver failure via modulation of liver function, inflammatory response, and hepatocyte apoptosis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e767. [PMID: 36840487 PMCID: PMC9950875 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been evidenced that microRNAs (miRs) exert crucial effects on acute liver failure (ALF), while the detailed function of miR-450b-5p in ALF progression remained obscure. The purpose of this research was to unravel the regulatory mechanism of miR-450b-5p in ALF via modulating Mouse Double Minute 2 protein (MDM2). METHODS ALF was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of d-galactosamine ( d-GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Adenoviruses containing overexpressed miR-450b-5p, MDM2 shRNA, and overexpressed MDM2 sequences were utilized to manipulate miR-450b-5p and MDM2 expression in the liver before the mice were treated with d-GalN/LPS-induced ALF. Subsequently, miR-450b-5p and MDM2 expression levels in liver tissues of ALF mice were examined. Serum biochemical parameters of liver function were tested, serum inflammatory factors were assessed, and the histopathological changes and hepatocyte apoptosis in liver tissues were observed. The relation between miR-450b-5p and MDM2 was verified. RESULTS In ALF mice, miR-450b-5p was low-expressed while MDM2 was high-expressed. The upregulation of miR-450b-5p or downregulation of MDM2 could alleviate liver function, mitigate the serum inflammatory response and pathological changes in liver tissues, as well as inhibit the apoptosis of hepatocytes. MiR-450b-5p targeted MDM2. MDM2 overexpression reversed the repressive effects of elevated miR-450b-5p on ALF. CONCLUSION The upregulated miR-450b-5p blocks the progression of ALF via targeting MDM2. This study contributes to affording novel therapeutic targets for ALF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Department of Liver-Gallbladder and Gastric Diseases, Wu Han Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Kuang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuli Hu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhong Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibo Wan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuepeng Fan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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3
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Altered miRNA Expression Profiles in the Serum of Beagle Dogs Experimentally Infected with Toxocara canis. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020299. [PMID: 36670839 PMCID: PMC9854737 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxocara canis is a neglected roundworm, which can cause debilitating disease in dogs and humans worldwide. Serum is an excellent material for monitoring the occurrence of many diseases. However, no information is available on the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the serum of dogs infected with T. canis. In this study, RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify the serum miRNA profiles in Beagle dogs infected with T. canis at different stages of infection. A total of 3, 25 and 25 differently expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified in dog serum at 24 h post-infection (hpi), 10 days post-infection (dpi) and 36 dpi, respectively, such as cfa-let-7g, cfa-miR-16, cfa-miR-92b, cfa-miR-93, cfa-miR-122, cfa-miR-485 and cfa-miR-451. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that these miRNAs could regulate the pathways related to parasitic infectious diseases and immune system, such as amoebiasis, toxoplasmosis, platelet activation, IL-17 signaling pathway and chemokine signaling pathway. These results provide a foundation to explore the underlying regulatory role of miRNAs in definitive hosts after T. canis infection.
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Rojas-Pirela M, Andrade-Alviárez D, Medina L, Castillo C, Liempi A, Guerrero-Muñoz J, Ortega Y, Maya JD, Rojas V, Quiñones W, Michels PA, Kemmerling U. MicroRNAs: master regulators in host-parasitic protist interactions. Open Biol 2022; 12:210395. [PMID: 35702995 PMCID: PMC9198802 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs present in a wide diversity of organisms. MiRNAs regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level through their interaction with the 3' untranslated regions of target mRNAs, inducing translational inhibition or mRNA destabilization and degradation. Thus, miRNAs regulate key biological processes, such as cell death, signal transduction, development, cellular proliferation and differentiation. The dysregulation of miRNAs biogenesis and function is related to the pathogenesis of diseases, including parasite infection. Moreover, during host-parasite interactions, parasites and host miRNAs determine the probability of infection and progression of the disease. The present review is focused on the possible role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of diseases of clinical interest caused by parasitic protists. In addition, the potential role of miRNAs as targets for the design of drugs and diagnostic and prognostic markers of parasitic diseases is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Rojas-Pirela
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile,Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile,Facultad de Farmacia y Bioanálisis, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Diego Andrade-Alviárez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Lisvaneth Medina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile
| | - Christian Castillo
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile,Núcleo de Investigación Aplicada en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Chile
| | - Ana Liempi
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile
| | - Jesús Guerrero-Muñoz
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile
| | - Yessica Ortega
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile,Facultad de Farmacia y Bioanálisis, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Juan Diego Maya
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile
| | - Verónica Rojas
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile
| | - Wilfredo Quiñones
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Paul A. Michels
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution and Centre for Translational and Chemical Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
| | - Ulrike Kemmerling
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile 8380453, Chile
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5
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Zhan J, Yin Q, Zhao P, Hong L. Role and mechanism of the lncRNA SNHG1/miR‑450b‑5p/IGF1 axis in the regulation of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:176. [PMID: 35315499 PMCID: PMC8972235 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing rates of morbidity and mortality caused by ischemic heart disease pose a serious threat to human health. Long non‑coding (lnc)RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) has a protective effect on the myocardium. In the present study, the role of lncRNA SNHG1 in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. After hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) induction, the expression levels of lncRNA SNHG1 were detected using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. After lncRNA SNHG1 overexpression via cell transfection, cell viability was detected using an MTT assay, apoptotic rates were detected using TUNEL staining, apoptosis‑related protein expression levels were detected using western blotting and respective kits were used to measure the oxidative stress levels. The Encyclopedia of RNA Interactomes database predicted the presence of binding sites between lncRNA SNHG1 and microRNA (miR)‑450b‑5p, and between miR‑450b‑5p and insulin‑like growth factor 1 (IGF1). These interactions were then verified using luciferase reporter assays. Subsequently, the regulatory mechanism underlying the lncRNA SNHG1/miR‑450b‑5p/IGF1 axis in MIRI was investigated by overexpressing miR‑450b‑5p and knocking down IGF1 expression in H/R‑induced cells. Finally, the expression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway‑related proteins was detected using western blotting. lncRNA SNHG1 expression was significantly downregulated in H/R‑induced AC16 cells. lncRNA SNHG1 overexpression significantly inhibited apoptosis and decreased oxidative stress levels in H/R‑induced AC16 cells, which was mediated via regulation of the miR‑450b‑5p/IGF1 axis and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, the present study suggested that activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via the lncRNA SNHG1/miR‑450b‑5p/IGF1 axis inhibited the apoptosis and oxidative stress levels of H/R‑induced AC16 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhan
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiulin Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Zixi County, Fuzhou, Jiangxi 335300, P.R. China
| | - Lang Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Gupta H, Wassmer SC. Harnessing the Potential of miRNAs in Malaria Diagnostic and Prevention. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:793954. [PMID: 34976869 PMCID: PMC8716737 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.793954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite encouraging progress over the past decade, malaria remains a major global health challenge. Its severe form accounts for the majority of malaria-related deaths, and early diagnosis is key for a positive outcome. However, this is hindered by the non-specific symptoms caused by malaria, which often overlap with those of other viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. In addition, current tools are unable to detect the nature and degree of vital organ dysfunction associated with severe malaria, as complications develop silently until the effective treatment window is closed. It is therefore crucial to identify cheap and reliable early biomarkers of this wide-spectrum disease. microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, are rapidly released into the blood circulation upon physiological changes, including infection and organ damage. The present review details our current knowledge of miRNAs as biomarkers of specific organ dysfunction in patients with malaria, and both promising candidates identified by pre-clinical models and important knowledge gaps are highlighted for future evaluation in humans. miRNAs associated with infected vectors are also described, with a view to expandind this rapidly growing field of research to malaria transmission and surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Gupta
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel C. Wassmer
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Mohanty A, Rajendran V. Mammalian host microRNA response to plasmodial infection: role as therapeutic target and potential biomarker. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:3341-3353. [PMID: 34423387 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07293-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The appearance of increasing drug resistance in apicomplexan intracellular Plasmodium falciparum presents a significant challenge. P. falciparum infection results in cerebral malaria (CM), causing irreversible damage to the brain leading to high mortality cases. To enhance the clinical outcome of the disease, further research is required to identify new molecular targets involved in disease manifestations. Presently, the role of non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from different cells implicated in CM pathogenesis is still barely understood. Despite the absence of miRNA machinery in Plasmodium, host-parasite interactions can lead to disease severity or impart resistance to malaria. Cytoadherence and sequestration of parasitized RBCs dysregulate the miRNA profile of brain endothelial cells, leukocytes, monocytes, and platelets, disrupting blood-brain barrier integrity and activating inflammatory signaling pathways. The abundance of miRNA in blood plasma samples of CM patients directly correlates to cerebral symptoms compared to non-CM patients and healthy individuals. Moreover, the differential host-miRNA signatures distinguish P. falciparum from P. vivax infection. Here, we review the diverse functions of host-miRNA, either protective, pathogenic, or a combination of the two, which may act as prognostic markers and novel antimalarial drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinab Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Vinoth Rajendran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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8
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Shi W, He JJ, Mei XF, Lu KJ, Zeng ZX, Zhang YY, Sheng ZA, Elsheikha HM, Huang WY, Zhu XQ. Dysregulation of hepatic microRNA expression in C57BL/6 mice affected by excretory-secretory products of Fasciola gigantica. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008951. [PMID: 33332355 PMCID: PMC7775122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The excretory-secretory products released by the liver fluke Fasciola gigantica (FgESPs) play important roles in regulating the host immune response during the infection. Identification of hepatic miRNAs altered by FgESPs may improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of F. gigantica infection. In this study, we investigated the alterations in the hepatic microRNAs (miRNAs) in mice treated with FgESPs using high-throughput small RNA (sRNA) sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The expression of seven miRNAs was confirmed by quantitative stem-loop reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 1,313 miRNAs were identified in the liver of mice, and the differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs varied across the time lapsed post exposure to FgESPs. We identified 67, 154 and 53 dysregulated miRNAs at 1, 4 and 12 weeks post-exposure, respectively. 5 miRNAs (miR-126a-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-5p and miR-362-3p) were commonly dysregulated at the three time points. We also found that most of the DE miRNAs were induced by FgESPs in the mouse liver after 4 weeks of exposure. These were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, which showed that the predicted targets of the hepatic DE miRNAs of mice 4 weeks of FgESPs injection were enriched in GO terms, including cell membrane, ion binding, cellular communication, organelle and DNA damage. KEGG analysis indicated that the predicted targets of the most downregulated miRNAs were involved in 15 neural activity-related pathways, 6 digestion-related pathways, 20 immune response-related pathways and 17 cancer-related pathways. These data provide new insights into how FgESPs can dysregulate hepatic miRNAs, which play important roles in modulating several aspects of F. gigantica pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xue-Fang Mei
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Jing Lu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Xuan Zeng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Yao Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao-An Sheng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hany M. Elsheikha
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Wei-Yi Huang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
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Inhibition of miR-450b-5p ameliorates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury via targeting CRYAB. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:455. [PMID: 32532961 PMCID: PMC7293338 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is an unavoidable course in liver transplantation, during which the immune response of inflammation plays a leading part. MicroRNA-450b-5p (miR-450b-5p), which has been reported to participate in several inflammatory diseases, was investigated in this study. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential function of miR-450b-5p toward remission of hepatic IRI and elucidate the specific mechanism. Herein we found that expression of miR-450b-5p, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6 was stimulated in hepatic IRI. Inhibition of miR-450b-5p could remarkably alleviate mouse hepatic IRI and improve liver function measured by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We further assessed protein expression undergoing Western blot and immunofluorescence, and discovered that miR-450b-5p suppressed alpha B-crystallin (CRYAB), thus restraining the inhibitory κB kinase (IKK) β-mediated canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling, instead of the noncanonical path guided by IKKα in hepatic IRI. In addition, we demonstrated CRYAB as an activator of M2 polarization through protein kinase B (Akt) 1/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), thus resulting in relief of liver IRI. Combination treatment containing both paths revealed a better antidamage efficacy than adjusting either path alone, suggesting that the joint therapy might be a promising solution in hepatic IRI.
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10
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Acuña SM, Floeter-Winter LM, Muxel SM. MicroRNAs: Biological Regulators in Pathogen-Host Interactions. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010113. [PMID: 31906500 PMCID: PMC7016591 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An inflammatory response is essential for combating invading pathogens. Several effector components, as well as immune cell populations, are involved in mounting an immune response, thereby destroying pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. In the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of noncoding small RNAs, have emerged as functionally significant regulatory molecules with the significant capability of fine-tuning biological processes. The important role of miRNAs in inflammation and immune responses is highlighted by studies in which the regulation of miRNAs in the host was shown to be related to infectious diseases and associated with the eradication or susceptibility of the infection. Here, we review the biological aspects of microRNAs, focusing on their roles as regulators of gene expression during pathogen–host interactions and their implications in the immune response against Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma, and Plasmodium infectious diseases.
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11
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Piccinin E, Arconzo M, Graziano G, Vacca M, Peres C, Bellafante E, Villani G, Moschetta A. Hepatic microRNA Expression by PGC-1α and PGC-1β in the Mouse. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225735. [PMID: 31731670 PMCID: PMC6888418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fine-tuning of liver metabolism is essential to maintain the whole-body homeostasis and to prevent the onset of diseases. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivators (PGC-1s) are transcriptional key players of liver metabolism, able to regulate mitochondrial function, gluconeogenesis and lipid metabolism. Their activity is accurately modulated by post-translational modifications. Here, we showed that specific PGC-1s expression can lead to the upregulation of different microRNAs widely implicated in liver physiology and diseases development and progression, thus offering a new layer of complexity in the control of hepatic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Piccinin
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy or
| | - Maria Arconzo
- INBB, National Institute for Biostuctures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (G.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Giusi Graziano
- INBB, National Institute for Biostuctures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (G.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Michele Vacca
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Box 289, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Claudia Peres
- INBB, National Institute for Biostuctures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (G.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Elena Bellafante
- Fondazione Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, 66030 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Gaetano Villani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy or
- INBB, National Institute for Biostuctures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (G.G.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-080-559-3262
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12
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Bian H, Zhou Y, Zhou D, Zhang Y, Shang D, Qi J. The latest progress on miR-374 and its functional implications in physiological and pathological processes. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3063-3076. [PMID: 30772950 PMCID: PMC6484333 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been emerging players in cell development, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Based on their differences in length and structure, they are subdivided into several categories including long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs >200nt), stable non‐coding RNAs (60‐300nt), microRNAs (miRs or miRNAs, 18‐24nt), circular RNAs, piwi‐interacting RNAs (26‐31nt) and small interfering RNAs (about 21nt). Therein, miRNAs not only directly regulate gene expression through pairing of nucleotide bases between the miRNA sequence and a specific mRNA that leads to the translational repression or degradation of the target mRNA, but also indirectly affect the function of downstream genes through interactions with lncRNAs and circRNAs. The latest studies have highlighted their importance in physiological and pathological processes. MiR‐374 family member are located at the X‐chromosome inactivation center. In recent years, numerous researches have uncovered that miR‐374 family members play an indispensable regulatory role, such as in reproductive disorders, cell growth and differentiation, calcium handling in the kidney, various cancers and epilepsy. In this review, we mainly focus on the role of miR‐374 family members in multiple physiological and pathological processes. More specifically, we also summarize their promising potential as novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Bian
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dawei Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Deya Shang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianni Qi
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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13
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López-Rosas I, López-Camarillo C, Salinas-Vera YM, Hernández-de la Cruz ON, Palma-Flores C, Chávez-Munguía B, Resendis-Antonio O, Guillen N, Pérez-Plasencia C, Álvarez-Sánchez ME, Ramírez-Moreno E, Marchat LA. Entamoeba histolytica Up-Regulates MicroRNA-643 to Promote Apoptosis by Targeting XIAP in Human Epithelial Colon Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 8:437. [PMID: 30671387 PMCID: PMC6333105 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as negative regulators of gene expression. Recent evidences suggested that host cells miRNAs are involved in the progression of infectious diseases, but its role in amoebiasis remains largely unknown. Here, we reported an unexplored role for miRNAs of human epithelial colon cells during the apoptosis induced by Entamoeba histolytica. We demonstrated for the first time that SW-480 colon cells change their miRNAs profile in response to parasite exposure. Our data showed that virulent E. histolytica trophozoites induced apoptosis of SW-480 colon cells after 45 min interaction, which was associated to caspases-3 and -9 activation. Comprehensive profiling of 667 miRNAs using Taqman Low-Density Arrays showed that 6 and 15 miRNAs were significantly (FC > 1.5; p < 0.05) modulated in SW-480 cells after 45 and 75 min interaction with parasites, respectively. Remarkably, no significant regulation of the 6-miRNAs signature (miR-526b-5p, miR-150, miR-643, miR-615-5p, miR-525, and miR-409-3p) was found when SW-480 cells were exposed to non-virulent Entamoeba dispar. Moreover, we confirmed that miR-150, miR-643, miR-615-5p, and miR-525 exhibited similar regulation in SW-480 and Caco2 colon cells after 45 min interaction with trophozoites. Exhaustive bioinformatic analysis of the six-miRNAs signature revealed intricate miRNAs-mRNAs co-regulation networks in which the anti-apoptotic XIAP, API5, BCL2, and AKT1 genes were the major targets of the set of six-miRNAs. Of these, we focused in the study of functional relationships between miR-643, upregulated at 45 min interaction, and its predicted target X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Interestingly, interplay of amoeba with SW-480 cells resulted in downregulation of XIAP consistent with apoptosis activation. More importantly, loss of function studies using antagomiRs showed that forced inhibition of miR-643 leads to restoration of XIAP levels and suppression of both apoptosis and caspases-3 and -9 activation. Congruently, mechanistic studies using luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-643 exerts a postranscripcional negative regulation of XIAP by targeting its 3′-UTR indicating that it's a downstream effector. In summary, we provide novel lines of evidence suggesting that early-branched eukaryote E. histolytica may promote apoptosis of human colon cells by modulating, in part, the host microRNome which highlight an unexpected role for miRNA-643/XIAP axis in the host cellular response to parasites infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel López-Rosas
- Catedrática CONACYT, Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Biología Molecular, Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yarely M Salinas-Vera
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Bibiana Chávez-Munguía
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Osbaldo Resendis-Antonio
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica y Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy Guillen
- Unidad de Análisis Cuantitativo de Imágenes, Instituto Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Esther Ramírez-Moreno
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laurence A Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnología, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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14
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Kaur H, Sehgal R, Kumar A, Sehgal A, Bansal D, Sultan AA. Screening and identification of potential novel biomarker for diagnosis of complicated Plasmodium vivax malaria. J Transl Med 2018; 16:272. [PMID: 30286756 PMCID: PMC6172720 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the recent years Plasmodium vivax has been reported to cause severe infections associated with mortality. Clinical evaluation has limited accuracy for the early identification of the patients progressing towards the fatal condition. Researchers have tried to identify the serum and the plasma-based indicators of the severe malaria. Discovery of MicroRNA (miRNA) has opened up an era of identification of early biomarkers for various infectious and non-infectious diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are the small non-coding RNA molecules of length 19–24 nts and are responsible for the regulation of the majority of human gene expressions at post transcriptional level. Methods We identified the differentially expressed miRNAs by microarray and validated the selected miRNAs by qRT-PCR. We assessed the diagnostic potential of these up-regulated miRNAs for complicated P. vivax malaria. Futher, the bioinformtic analysis was performed to construct protein–protein and mRNA–miRNA networks to identify highly regulated miRNA. Results In the present study, utility of miRNA as potential biomarker of complicated P. vivax malaria was explored. A total of 276 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed by miRNA microarray and out of which 5 miRNAs (hsa-miR-7977, hsa-miR-28-3p, hsa-miR-378-5p, hsa-miR-194-5p and hsa-miR-3667-5p) were found to be significantly up-regulated in complicated P. vivax malaria patients using qRT-PCR. The diagnostic potential of these 5 miRNAs were found to be significant with sensitivity and specificity of 60–71% and 69–81% respectively and area under curve (AUC) of 0.7 (p < 0.05). Moreover, in silico analysis of the common targets of up-regulated miRNAs revealed UBA52 and hsa-miR-7977 as majorly regulated hubs in the PPI and mRNA–miRNA networks, suggesting their putative role in complicated P. vivax malaria. Conclusion miR-7977 might act as a potential biomarker for differentiating complicated P. vivax malaria from uncomplicated type. The elevated levels of miR-7977 may have a role to play in the disease pathology through UBA52 or TGF-beta signalling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1646-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hargobinder Kaur
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Rakesh Sehgal
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Archit Kumar
- Department of Virology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Sehgal
- Department of Obstt. & Gynae, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Devendra Bansal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali A Sultan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar
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15
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Cohen A, Zinger A, Tiberti N, Grau GER, Combes V. Differential plasma microvesicle and brain profiles of microRNA in experimental cerebral malaria. Malar J 2018; 17:192. [PMID: 29747626 PMCID: PMC5946432 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral malaria (CM) is a fatal complication of Plasmodium infection, mostly affecting children under the age of five in the sub-Saharan African region. CM pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, although sequestered infected red blood cells, inflammatory cells aggregating in the cerebral blood vessels, and the microvesicles (MV) that they release in the circulation, have been implicated. Plasma MV numbers increase in CM patients and in the murine model, where blocking their release, genetically or pharmacologically, protects against brain pathology, suggesting a role of MV in CM neuropathogenesis. In this work, the microRNA (miRNA) cargo of MV is defined for the first time during experimental CM with the overarching hypothesis that this characterization could help understand CM pathogenesis. RESULTS The change in abundance of miRNA was studied following infection of CBA mice with Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain (causing experimental CM), and Plasmodium yoelii, which causes severe malaria without cerebral complications, termed non-CM (NCM). miRNA expression was analyzed using microarrays to compare MV from healthy (NI) and CM mice, yielding several miRNA of interest. The differential expression profiles of these selected miRNA (miR-146a, miR-150, miR-193b, miR-205, miR-215, miR-467a, and miR-486) were analyzed in mouse MV, MV-free plasma, and brain tissue by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). Two miRNA-miR-146a and miR-193b-were confirmed as differentially abundant in MV from CM mice, compared with NCM and NI mice. These miRNA have been shown to play various roles in inflammation, and their dysregulation during CM may be critical for triggering the neurological syndrome via regulation of their potential downstream targets. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that, in the mouse model at least, miRNA may have a regulatory role in the pathogenesis of severe malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Cohen
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Zinger
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natalia Tiberti
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Georges E R Grau
- Vascular Immunology Unit, Department of Pathology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- La Jolla Infectious Diseases Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Valery Combes
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia.
- La Jolla Infectious Diseases Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.
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16
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Al-Shaebi EA, Dkhil MA, Al-Quraishy S. Indigofera oblongifolia regulates the hepatic gene expression profile induced by blood stage malaria. Microb Pathog 2018; 119:170-182. [PMID: 29630927 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is still a major health problem worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective role of Indigofera oblongifolia leaf extracts (ILE) against mice hepatic injury induced by Plasmodium chabaudi. Female C57BL/6 mice were treated with 100 mg/kg of ILE after infection with erythrocytes parasitized by P. chabaudi. On day 7 post-infection, the extract improved the histological alteration induced by the parasite. This was evidenced by the decreased histological index induced by ILE. Moreover, ILE was able to increase the hepatic antioxidant capacity and could significantly improve the decrease in erythrocyte count and hemoglobin content in mice blood plasma due to infection. ILE was also able to upregulate the expression of 24 genes related to metabolism and of 3 genes related to the immune response. Furthermore, the extract was able to downregulate the expression of 35 genes related to metabolism and of 82 genes related to immune response. Moreover, the microarray study showed that ILE regulated the change in gene expression induced by the parasite. Among these genes, we quantified the expression of cd209f, cyp7a1, Hsd3b5, Sult2a3, Lcn2, CcI8, Nos2, and saa3-mRNAs. These genes were regulated by ILE. Therefore, our results revealed the protective role of Indigofera oblongifolia against hepatic injury induced by blood stage malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam A Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Dkhil
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology and Entomology, College of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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17
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Wang X, Bai J, Jia Z, Zhu Y, Liu J, Zhang K, Hao D, Heng L. A time-course microarray data analysis reveals consistent dysregulated genes and upstream microRNAs in autoantibody-mediated arthritis. J Orthop Surg Res 2017; 12:186. [PMID: 29197380 PMCID: PMC5712098 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-017-0674-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to identify key genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in autoantibody-mediated arthritis (AMA). Methods A time-course microarray data (ID: GSE27492) of peripheral blood leukocytes, ankle tissue, and synovial fluid from K/BxN mouse serum-transferred mice were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. Those samples were collected at days 0, 1, 3, 7, 12, and 18 after serum injection. Limma of R was employed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in samples collected at days 1–18 compared with those collected at day 0. Consistent DEGs were obtained by taking the interaction of DEGs from different time points, followed by functional enrichment analysis. MiRNAs were screened out and constructed into regulatory network with DEGs using Cytoscape. Results In total, 17 consistent DEGs were obtained, including downregulated Ephx1 and upregulated AF251705, Adam8, Arg1, Basp1, Ccl2, Ccl7, Ccl9, Ccr2, Clec4a2, Clec4d, Cxcl1, Fabp5, Fcgr1, Gp49a, Il1rn, and Saa3. Those DEGs were associated with biological processes of immune response, inflammatory response, and defense response; chemokine signaling pathway; cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction; and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Additionally, 202 miRNAs were identified to have a regulatory effect on 9 of the 17 DEGs. Notably, miR-944, miR-374a, and miR374b were found to regulate the expression of Cxcl1, Ccl7, and Ccl2. Clec4d was targeted by 78 miRNAs. Conclusions Our study reveals that 17 DEGs and 202 miRNAs may be associated with autoimmune disorder in the progression of AMA, which could guide future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, Xi'an, 710002, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangjun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisong Heng
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Chamnanchanunt S, Fucharoen S, Umemura T. Circulating microRNAs in malaria infection: bench to bedside. Malar J 2017; 16:334. [PMID: 28807026 PMCID: PMC5557074 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-1990-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe malaria has a poor prognosis with a morbidity rate of 80% in tropical areas. The early parasite detection is one of the effective means to prevent severe malaria of which specific treatment strategies are limited. Many clinical characteristics and laboratory testings have been used for the early diagnosis and prediction of severe disease. However, a few of these factors could be applied to clinical practice. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were demonstrated as useful biomarkers in many diseases such as malignant diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Recently it was found that plasma miR-451 and miR-16 were downregulated in malaria infection at parasitic stages or with multi-organ failure involvement. MiR-125b, -27a, -23a, -150, 17-92 and -24 are deregulated in malaria patients with multiple organ failures. Here, the current findings of miRNAs were reviewed in relation to clinical severity of malaria infection and emphasized that miRNAs are potential biomarkers for severe malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supat Chamnanchanunt
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Suthat Fucharoen
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tsukuru Umemura
- Department of Medical Technology and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohkawa, Japan.,Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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19
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Dkhil MA, Al-Quraishy SA, Abdel-Baki AAS, Delic D, Wunderlich F. Differential miRNA Expression in the Liver of Balb/c Mice Protected by Vaccination during Crisis of Plasmodium chabaudi Blood-Stage Malaria. Front Microbiol 2017; 7:2155. [PMID: 28123381 PMCID: PMC5225092 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are increasingly recognized as epigenetic regulators for outcome of diverse infectious diseases and vaccination efficacy, but little information referring to this exists for malaria. This study investigates possible effects of both protective vaccination and P. chabaudi malaria on the miRNome of the liver as an effector against blood-stage malaria using miRNA microarrays and quantitative PCR. Plasmodium chabaudi blood-stage malaria takes a lethal outcome in female Balb/c mice, but a self-healing course after immunization with a non-infectious blood-stage vaccine. The liver robustly expresses 71 miRNA species at varying levels, among which 65 miRNA species respond to malaria evidenced as steadily increasing or decreasing expressions reaching highest or lowest levels toward the end of the crisis phase on day 11 p.i. in lethal malaria. Protective vaccination does not affect constitutive miRNA expression, but leads to significant (p < 0.05) changes in the expression of 41 miRNA species, however evidenced only during crisis. In vaccination-induced self-healing infections, 18 miRNA-species are up- and 14 miRNA-species are down-regulated by more than 50% during crisis in relation to non-vaccinated mice. Vaccination-induced self-healing and survival of otherwise lethal infections of P. chabaudi activate epigenetic miRNA-regulated remodeling processes in the liver manifesting themselves during crisis. Especially, liver regeneration is accelerated as suggested by upregulation of let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, let-7c-5p, let-7d-5p, let-7f-5p, let-7g-5p, let-7i-5p, miR-26a, miR-122-5p, miR30a, miR27a, and mir-29a, whereas the up-regulated expression of miR-142-3p by more than 100% is compatible with the view of enhanced hepatic erythropoiesis, possibly at expense of megakaryopoiesis, during crisis of P. chabaudi blood-stage malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Dkhil
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan UniversityCairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh A Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Azeem S Abdel-Baki
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef UniversityBeni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Denis Delic
- Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharma Biberach, Germany
| | - Frank Wunderlich
- Department of Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany
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20
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Tang QJ, Lin HM, He GD, Liu JE, Wu H, Li XX, Zhong WP, Tang L, Meng JX, Zhang MZ, Li HP, Chen JY, Zhong SL, Wang LY. Plasma miR-142 accounting for the missing heritability of CYP3A4/5 functionality is associated with pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1503-17. [PMID: 27556885 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether plasma miRNAs targeting CYP3A4/5 have an impact on the variance of pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel. MATERIALS & METHODS The contribution of 13 miRNAs to the CYP3A4/5 gene expression and activity was investigated in 55 liver tissues. The association between plasma miRNAs targeting CYP3A4/5 mRNA and clopidogrel pharmacokinetics was analyzed in 31 patients with coronary heart disease who received 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel. RESULTS Among 13 miRNAs, miR-142 was accounting for 12.2% (p = 0.002) CYP3A4 mRNA variance and 9.4% (p = 0.005) CYP3A5 mRNA variance, respectively. Plasma miR-142 was negatively associated with H4 Cmax (r = -0.5269; p = 0.0040) and associated with H4 AUC0-4h (r = -0.4986; p = 0.0069) after 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel in coronary heart disease patients. CONCLUSION miR-142 could account for a part of missing heritability of CYP3A4/5 functionality related to clopidogrel activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Jie Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Ming Lin
- Department of Biliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Dong He
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ju-E Liu
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Department of Biliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Ping Zhong
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xiu Meng
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Zhen Zhang
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han-Ping Li
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Yan Chen
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Long Zhong
- Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lai-You Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Zhang C, Wang L, Ali T, Li L, Bi X, Wang J, Lü G, Shao Y, Vuitton DA, Wen H, Lin R. Hydatid cyst fluid promotes peri-cystic fibrosis in cystic echinococcosis by suppressing miR-19 expression. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:278. [PMID: 27177776 PMCID: PMC4866024 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1562-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Echinococcus granulosus infection causes cystic echinococcosis (CE); the generation of liver fibrosis around the parasitic larval cyst (metacestode) may play a major role in the spontaneous limitation of the parasitic growth; however, fibrogenesis has received little attention in CE. It has been reported that miR-19b plays a role in various diseases, including infectious diseases, by regulating fibrogenesis. However, its function in the development of liver fibrosis in E. granulosus infection is unknown. Methods The expression of miR-19b and genes that are involved in liver fibrosis were analysed in E. granulosus-infected human livers using qRT-PCR. The role of miR-19b on hepatic stellate cells (LX-2 cells in vitro) treated with hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) was then analysed by 3-(4, 5-dimet-hylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 4-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot and flow cytometry. Results The results showed that the expression of miR-19 was significantly reduced in the pericystic collagen-rich liver tissue of CE patients, compared to normal liver. Incubation of LX-2 cells (in vitro) with HCF induced a decreased proliferation of these cells and a reduced expression of miR-19, inversely correlated with the expression of collagen 1A1 and TGF-β receptor II (TβRII). Conversely, overexpression of miR-19 by LX-2 cells inhibited the proliferation of these cells and led to decreased TβRII expression. Conclusions Our study provides new evidence for the intervention of miRNAs in the regulation of fibrosis in infectious diseases; it suggests that E. granulosus can inhibit miR-19 liver expression and promote fibrosis through the increase in TβRII, the activation of hepatic stellate cells and extracellular matrix production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanshan Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tuergan Ali
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research (2010DS890298), The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Liang Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaojuan Bi
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junhua Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guodong Lü
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yingmei Shao
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research (2010DS890298), The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dominique A Vuitton
- WHO-Collaborating Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, Department of Parasitology, University of Franche-Comté (EA 3181) and University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research (2010DS890298), The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Renyong Lin
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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22
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Rubio M, Bassat Q, Estivill X, Mayor A. Tying malaria and microRNAs: from the biology to future diagnostic perspectives. Malar J 2016; 15:167. [PMID: 26979504 PMCID: PMC4793504 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Symptoms caused by bacterial, viral and malarial infections usually overlap and aetiologic diagnosis is difficult. Patient management in low-resource countries with limited laboratory services has been based predominantly on clinical evaluation and syndromic approaches. However, such clinical assessment has limited accuracy both for identifying the likely aetiological cause and for the early recognition of patients who will progress to serious or fatal disease. Plasma-detectable biomarkers that rapidly and accurately diagnose severe infectious diseases could reduce morbidity and decrease the unnecessary use of usually scarce therapeutic drugs. The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has opened exciting new avenues to identify blood biomarkers of organ-specific injury. This review assesses current knowledge on the relationship between malaria disease and miRNAs, and evaluates how future research might lead to the use of these small molecules for identifying patients with severe malaria disease and facilitate treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Rubio
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Quique Bassat
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Xavier Estivill
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Experimental Genetics, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alfredo Mayor
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Rosselló 153 (CEK building), 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.
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Judice CC, Bourgard C, Kayano ACAV, Albrecht L, Costa FTM. MicroRNAs in the Host-Apicomplexan Parasites Interactions: A Review of Immunopathological Aspects. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 6:5. [PMID: 26870701 PMCID: PMC4735398 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs, have been detected in a variety of organisms ranging from ancient unicellular eukaryotes to mammals. They have been associated with numerous molecular mechanisms involving developmental, physiological and pathological changes of cells and tissues. Despite the fact that miRNA-silencing mechanisms appear to be absent in some Apicomplexan species, an increasing number of studies have reported a role for miRNAs in host-parasite interactions. Host miRNA expression can change following parasite infection and the consequences can lead, for instance, to parasite clearance. In this context, the immune system signaling appears to have a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla C Judice
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Catarina Bourgard
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana C A V Kayano
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio T M Costa
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
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24
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Anderson L, Jorquera PA, Tripp RA. MicroRNA Profiling from RSV-Infected Biofluids, Whole Blood, and Tissue Samples. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1442:195-208. [PMID: 27464696 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3687-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can modulate the host innate immune response by dysregulation of host microRNAs (miRNAs) related to the antiviral response, a feature that also affects the memory immune response to RSV (Thornburg et al. MBio 3(6), 2012). miRNAs are small, endogenous, noncoding RNAs that function in posttranscriptional gene regulation. Here, we explain a compilation of methods for the purification, quantification, and characterization of miRNA expression profiles in biofluids, whole blood samples, and tissue samples obtained from in vivo studies. In addition, this chapter describes methods for the isolation of exosomal miRNA populations. Understanding alterations in miRNA expression profiles and identifying miRNA targets genes, and their contribution to the pathogenesis of RSV, may help elucidate novel mechanism of host-virus interaction (Rossi et al., Pediatr Pulmonol, 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Anderson
- Animal Health Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 111 Carlton Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Patricia A Jorquera
- Animal Health Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 111 Carlton Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Ralph A Tripp
- Animal Health Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 111 Carlton Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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26
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Silakit R, Loilome W, Yongvanit P, Thongchot S, Sithithaworn P, Boonmars T, Koonmee S, Titapun A, Khuntikeo N, Chamadol N, Techasen A, Namwat N. Urinary microRNA-192 and microRNA-21 as potential indicators for liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma risk group. Parasitol Int 2015; 66:479-485. [PMID: 26456596 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Opisthorchis viverrini infection induces chronic inflammation in the bile ducts, leading to periductal fibrosis (PDF), which possibly associates to cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Patients with CCA have a poor prognosis, which is linked to asymptomatic disease and late diagnosis. Hence, detecting early stage CCA is essential. Secretory miRNAs have been promoted as biomarkers for pathological changes associated with parasitic infections, fibrosis and/or cancer. We aimed to determine levels of miR-192 and miR-21 in the urine of O. viverrini infected, periductal fibrosis (PDF) and CCA groups using qRT-PCR. We found that miR-192 was significantly higher in O. viverrini infected, PDF and also CCA groups (p<0.05) than in healthy controls. By utilizing the Receiver Operation Characteristics (ROC) analysis, miR-192 differentiated patients with opisthorchiasis (the area under the curve; AUC=0.766), PDF subjects (AUC=0.781) and CCA patients (AUC=0.682) from healthy controls. MiR-21 was significantly higher in PDF and CCA groups (p<0.05) than in healthy controls. MiR-21 discriminated PDF subjects (AUC=0.735) and CCA patients (AUC=0.682) from healthy controls. Combined levels of these two miRNAs revealed an increased AUC of 0.812 for separating opisthorchiasis, AUC of 0.815 in discriminating PDF subjects, and AUC of 0.849 in differentiating CCA from healthy controls. Odds ratios (OR) indicated high levels of miR-192/miR-21 as risk predictors for opisthorchiasis, PDF and CCA. Levels of these miRNAs declined significantly for patients following praziquantel treatment. In conclusion, urinary miR-192/miR-21 have potential as risk indicators for opisthorchiasis and PDF-associated CCA in the endemic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runglawan Silakit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Watcharin Loilome
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Puangrat Yongvanit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Suyanee Thongchot
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Thidarut Boonmars
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Supinda Koonmee
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Attapol Titapun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Narong Khuntikeo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nittaya Chamadol
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Techasen
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nisana Namwat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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27
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Flórez-Vargas O, Bramhall M, Noyes H, Cruickshank S, Stevens R, Brass A. The quality of methods reporting in parasitology experiments. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101131. [PMID: 25076044 PMCID: PMC4116335 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing concern both inside and outside the scientific community over the lack of reproducibility of experiments. The depth and detail of reported methods are critical to the reproducibility of findings, but also for making it possible to compare and integrate data from different studies. In this study, we evaluated in detail the methods reporting in a comprehensive set of trypanosomiasis experiments that should enable valid reproduction, integration and comparison of research findings. We evaluated a subset of other parasitic (Leishmania, Toxoplasma, Plasmodium, Trichuris and Schistosoma) and non-parasitic (Mycobacterium) experimental infections in order to compare the quality of method reporting more generally. A systematic review using PubMed (2000-2012) of all publications describing gene expression in cells and animals infected with Trypanosoma spp was undertaken based on PRISMA guidelines; 23 papers were identified and included. We defined a checklist of essential parameters that should be reported and have scored the number of those parameters that are reported for each publication. Bibliometric parameters (impact factor, citations and h-index) were used to look for association between Journal and Author status and the quality of method reporting. Trichuriasis experiments achieved the highest scores and included the only paper to score 100% in all criteria. The mean of scores achieved by Trypanosoma articles through the checklist was 65.5% (range 32-90%). Bibliometric parameters were not correlated with the quality of method reporting (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient <-0.5; p>0.05). Our results indicate that the quality of methods reporting in experimental parasitology is a cause for concern and it has not improved over time, despite there being evidence that most of the assessed parameters do influence the results. We propose that our set of parameters be used as guidelines to improve the quality of the reporting of experimental infection models as a pre-requisite for integrating and comparing sets of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Flórez-Vargas
- Bio-health Informatics Group, School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Bramhall
- Bio-health Informatics Group, School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Harry Noyes
- School of Biological Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Sheena Cruickshank
- Manchester Immunology Group, Faculty of Life Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Stevens
- Bio-health Informatics Group, School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Brass
- Bio-health Informatics Group, School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Manchester Immunology Group, Faculty of Life Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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28
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Zhao Z, Li R, Sha S, Wang Q, Mao W, Liu T. Targeting HER3 with miR-450b-3p suppresses breast cancer cells proliferation. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 15:1404-12. [PMID: 25046105 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.29923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer cells, heterodimerization of HER2 and HER3 plays important and dominant roles in the functionality and transformation of HER-mediated pathways, in particular the PI3K/Akt survival pathway. HER3 was considered as a major signaling hub in HER2-amplified cancers. Inhibition of HER3 expression may therefore represent a rational therapeutic approach to breast cancers where HER2/HER3-mediated signaling plays a role in tumorigenesis and progression. miRNAs exerts important roles in regulating gene expressions by binding to and repressing target mRNAs. Here we reported that miRNA-450b-3p inhibits HER3 expression by directly targeting 3' UTR of HER3 mRNA and represses the downstream signal transductions of HER family. Overexpression of miRNA-450b-3p in SKBR3 cells inhibits cells clonogenic potential and enhances their sensitivity to trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds to the HER2 receptor, or doxorubicin through repressing proliferative signal pathways mediated by HER3/HER2/PI3K/AKT. Furthermore, we found that breast cancer patients with tumors that demonstrating upregulated HER3 (> 2-fold) and downregulated miR-450b-3p (> 2-fold) expressions compared with the paired adjacent non-tumorous tissues showed significantly poorer overall survival (P<0.05). Our study identified miRNA-450b-3p as a new tumor repressor and also provided some evidences suggesting that downregulation of miR-450b-3p expression with concurrent overexpression of HER3 may serve as a prognostic biomarker for poor overall survival in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- Department of Oncology; The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College; Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Hematology; the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province; Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Sha Sha
- Department of Oncology; The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College; Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Oncology; The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College; Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weidong Mao
- Department of Oncology; The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College; Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Oncology; The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College; Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
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29
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Wang S, Hu W. Development of "-omics" research in Schistosoma spp. and -omics-based new diagnostic tools for schistosomiasis. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:313. [PMID: 25018752 PMCID: PMC4072072 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, caused by dioecious flatworms in the genus Schistosoma, is torturing people from many developing countries nowadays and frequently leads to severe morbidity and mortality of the patients. Praziquantel based chemotherapy and morbidity control for this disease adopted currently necessitate viable and efficient diagnostic technologies. Fortunately, those “-omics” researches, which rely on high-throughput experimental technologies to produce massive amounts of informative data, have substantially contributed to the exploitation and innovation of diagnostic tools of schistosomiasis. In its first section, this review provides a concise conclusion on the progresses pertaining to schistosomal “-omics” researches to date, followed by a comprehensive section on the diagnostic methods of schistosomiasis, especially those innovative ones based on the detection of antibodies, antigens, nucleic acids, and metabolites with a focus on those achievements inspired by “-omics” researches. Finally, suggestions about the design of future diagnostic tools of schistosomiasis are proposed, in order to better harness those data produced by “-omics” studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University Shanghai, China ; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of Ministry of Health, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention Shanghai, China
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30
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Zhao FR, Su S, Zhou DH, Zhou P, Xu TC, Zhang LQ, Cao N, Qi WB, Zhang GH, Li SJ. Comparative analysis of microRNAs from the lungs and trachea of dogs (Canis familiaris) infected with canine influenza virus. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2013; 21:367-74. [PMID: 24333372 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2013.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs of 18-22-nucleotides in length that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The objective of this study was to examine the differences in the miRNA expression profiles of the lungs and trachea of beagle dogs infected with canine influenza virus (CIV). Total RNA was isolated from lung and trachea tissues of beagle dogs infected and non-infected with H3N2 CIV at 4 dpi. A total of 41,512,315 and 39,107,475 reads were obtained from the lung and trachea, respectively. Out of a total 288 dog miRNAs available in miRBase, 227 and 236 miRNAs were detected in the infected (Fg) and the non-infected lungs (Fc), respectively, whereas 242 miRNAs were detected in both the infected (Qg) and the non-infected trachea (Qc). From these, 34 and 45 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the lungs and trachea between the infected and non-infected dogs, respectively. More miRNAs were highly expressed in the non-infected tissues than in the infected tissues. miR-143 was the most abundantly expressed miRNA in the four samples, followed by let-7. In total, 252, 234, 196 and 235 novel miRNAs were identified in the Fc, Fg, Qc, and Qg groups, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first study examining the miRNA gene expression in CIV infected dogs using the Solexa sequencing approach. We have revealed the existence of a large number miRNAs that are affected by CIV infection as well as identified some potentially new miRNAs. These findings will help us better understand the host-CIV interaction and its relationship to pathogenesis, as well as contribute to the prevention and control of CIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Rong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuo Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Chuan Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Quan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bao Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Hong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Shou-Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, People's Republic of China.
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Genome-wide screening identifies Plasmodium chabaudi-induced modifications of DNA methylation status of Tlr1 and Tlr6 gene promoters in liver, but not spleen, of female C57BL/6 mice. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:3757-70. [PMID: 23949311 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic reprogramming of host genes via DNA methylation is increasingly recognized as critical for the outcome of diverse infectious diseases, but information for malaria is not yet available. Here, we investigate the effect of blood-stage malaria of Plasmodium chabaudi on the DNA methylation status of host gene promoters on a genome-wide scale using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation and Nimblegen microarrays containing 2,000 bp oligonucleotide features that were split into -1,500 to -500 bp Ups promoters and -500 to +500 bp Cor promoters, relative to the transcription site, for evaluation of differential DNA methylation. Gene expression was analyzed by Agilent and Affymetrix microarray technology. Challenging of female C57BL/6 mice with 10(6) P. chabaudi-infected erythrocytes resulted in a self-healing outcome of infections with peak parasitemia on day 8 p.i. These infections induced organ-specific modifications of DNA methylation of gene promoters. Among the 17,354 features on Nimblegen arrays, only seven gene promoters were identified to be hypermethylated in the spleen, whereas the liver exhibited 109 hyper- and 67 hypomethylated promoters at peak parasitemia in comparison with non-infected mice. Among the identified genes with differentially methylated Cor-promoters, only the 7 genes Pigr, Ncf1, Klkb1, Emr1, Ndufb11, and Tlr6 in the liver and Apol6 in the spleen were detected to have significantly changed their expression. Remarkably, the Cor promoter of the toll-like receptor Tlr6 became hypomethylated and Tlr6 expression increased by 3.4-fold during infection. Concomitantly, the Ups promoter of the Tlr1 was hypermethylated, but Tlr1 expression also increased by 11.3-fold. TLR6 and TLR1 are known as auxillary receptors to form heterodimers with TLR2 in plasma membranes of macrophages, which recognize different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), as, e.g., intact 3-acyl and sn-2-lyso-acyl glycosylphosphatidylinositols of P. falciparum, respectively. Our data suggest therefore that malaria-induced epigenetic fine-tuning of Tlr6 and Tlr1 through DNA methylation of their gene promoters in the liver is critically important for initial recognition of PAMPs and, thus, for the final self-healing outcome of blood-stage infections with P. chabaudi malaria.
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Leong S, Simo G, Camara M, Jamonneau V, Kabore J, Ilboudo H, Bucheton B, Hoheisel JD, Clayton C. The miRNA and mRNA Signatures of Peripheral Blood Cells in Humans Infected with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67312. [PMID: 23826264 PMCID: PMC3695006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple, reliable tools for diagnosis of human African Trypanosomiases could ease field surveillance and enhance patient care. In particular, current methods to distinguish patients with (stage II) and without (stage I) brain involvement require samples of cerebrospinal fluid. We describe here an exploratory study to find out whether miRNAs from peripheral blood leukocytes might be useful in diagnosis of human trypanosomiasis, or for determining the stage of the disease. Using microarrays, we measured miRNAs in samples from Trypanosoma brucei gambiense-infected patients (9 stage I, 10 stage II), 8 seronegative parasite-negative controls and 12 seropositive, but parasite-negative subjects. 8 miRNAs (out of 1205 tested) showed significantly lower expression in patients than in seronegative, parasite-negative controls, and 1 showed increased expression. There were no clear differences in miRNAs between patients in different disease stages. The miRNA profiles could not distinguish seropositive, but parasitologically negative samples from controls and results within this group did not correlate with those from the trypanolysis test. Some of the regulated miRNAs, or their predicted mRNA targets, were previously reported changed during other infectious diseases or cancer. We conclude that the changes in miRNA profiles of peripheral blood lymphocytes in human African trypanosomiasis are related to immune activation or inflammation, are probably disease-non-specific, and cannot be used to determine the disease stage. The approach has little promise for diagnostics but might yield information about disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smiths Leong
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gustave Simo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Dschang, Dschang, West Cameroon
| | - Mamadou Camara
- Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine en Guinée, Conakry, Guinée
- Centre international de recherche-développement sur l’elevage en zone subhumide (CIRDES), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Vincent Jamonneau
- Centre international de recherche-développement sur l’elevage en zone subhumide (CIRDES), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité mixte de recherche 177 (UMR-177), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Kabore
- Centre international de recherche-développement sur l’elevage en zone subhumide (CIRDES), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Hamidou Ilboudo
- Centre international de recherche-développement sur l’elevage en zone subhumide (CIRDES), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Bruno Bucheton
- Centre international de recherche-développement sur l’elevage en zone subhumide (CIRDES), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Unité mixte de recherche 177 (UMR-177), Campus International de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
| | - Jörg D. Hoheisel
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Clayton
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Lourenço AP, Guidugli-Lazzarini KR, Freitas FCP, Bitondi MMG, Simões ZLP. Bacterial infection activates the immune system response and dysregulates microRNA expression in honey bees. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 43:474-482. [PMID: 23499934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In insects, a rapid and massive synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is activated through signaling pathways (Toll and Imd) to combat invading microbial pathogens. However, it is still unclear whether different types of bacteria provoke specific responses. Immune response mechanisms and the activation of specific genes were investigated by challenging Apis mellifera workers with the Gram-negative bacterium Serratia marcescens or the Gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus. The immune system responded by activating most genes of the Toll and Imd pathways, particularly AMP genes. However, genes specifically regulated by M. luteus or S. marcescens were not detected, suggesting an interaction between the signaling pathways that lead to immune effectors synthesis. Despite this finding, kappaB motifs in the 5'-UTRs of selected genes suggest a pathway-specific control of AMP and transferrin-1 gene expression. Regulation by miRNAs was also investigated and revealed a number of candidates for the post-transcriptional regulation of immune genes in bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anete P Lourenço
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Abstract
In vitro fertilized (IVF) human embryos have a high incidence of developmental arrest before the blastocyst stage, therefore characterization of the molecular mechanisms that regulate embryo development is urgently required. Post-transcriptional control by microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the most investigated RNA control mechanisms, and is hypothesized to be involved actively in developmental arrest in preimplantation embryos. In this study, we extracted total RNA from mouse 2-cell and 4-cell embryos. Using a miRNA microarray, 192 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in 4-cell embryos and 2-cell embryos; 122 miRNAs were upregulated and 70 were downregulated in 4-cell embryos. The microarray results were confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR for six miRNAs (mmu-miR-467h, mmu-miR-466d-3p, mmu-miR-292-5p, mmu-miR-154, mmu-miR-2145, and mmu-miR-706). Cdca4 and Tcf12 were identified as miR-154 target genes by target prediction analysis. This study provides a developmental map for a large number of miRNAs in 2-cell and 4-cell embryos. The function of these miRNAs and the mechanisms by which they modulate embryonic developmental arrest require further study. The results of this study have potential applications in the field of reproductive medicine.
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Asgari S. MicroRNA functions in insects. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 43:388-97. [PMID: 23103375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are generated in all eukaryotes and viruses. Their role as master regulators of gene expression in various biological processes has only been fully appreciated over the last decade. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in the expression of miRNAs may lead to disorders, including developmental defects, diseases and cancer. Here, I review what is currently known about miRNA functions in insects to provide an insight into their diverse roles in insect biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sassan Asgari
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Manzano-Román R, Siles-Lucas M. MicroRNAs in parasitic diseases: Potential for diagnosis and targeting. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2012; 186:81-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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37
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Wang J, Cui Q. Specific Roles of MicroRNAs in Their Interactions with Environmental Factors. J Nucleic Acids 2012; 2012:978384. [PMID: 23209884 PMCID: PMC3502025 DOI: 10.1155/2012/978384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression by modulating numerous target mRNAs expression at posttranscriptional level. Extensive studies have shown that miRNAs are critical in various important biological processes, including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, development, and apoptosis. In terms of their importance, miRNA dysfunction has been associated with a broad range of diseases. Increased number of studies have shown that miRNAs can functionally interact with a wide spectrum of environmental factors (EFs) including drugs, industrial materials, virus and bacterial pathogens, cigarette smoking, alcohol, nutrition, sleep, exercise, stress, and radiation. More importantly, the interactions between miRNAs and EFs have been shown to play critical roles in determining abnormal phenotypes and diseases. In this paper, we propose an outline of the current knowledge about specific roles of miRNAs in their interactions with various EFs and analyze the literatures detailing miRNAs-EFs interactions in the context of various of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China ; MOE Key Lab of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China ; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Al-Quraishy S, Dkhil MA, Delic D, Abdel-Baki AA, Wunderlich F. Organ-specific testosterone-insensitive response of miRNA expression of C57BL/6 mice to Plasmodium chabaudi malaria. Parasitol Res 2012; 111:1093-101. [PMID: 22562236 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-2937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence critically implicates miRNAs in the pathogenesis of diseases, but little is known in context with infectious diseases. This study investigates as to whether the testosterone-induced persistent susceptibility to blood-stage malaria of Plasmodium chabaudi coincides with changes in miRNA expression of the anti-malaria effectors sites spleen and liver. Female C57BL/6 mice were treated with vehicle or testosterone (T) for 3 weeks. Then, T treatment was discontinued for 12 weeks before challenge with 10(6) P. chabaudi-parasitized erythrocytes. The miRNA expression was examined after 12 weeks of T withdrawal and during infections at peak parasitemia on day 8 p.i. using miRXplore™ microarray technology. P. chabaudi infections induce an organ-specific response of miRNA expression. We can identify 25 miRNA species to be downregulated by more than 2-fold in the spleen and 169 miRNA species in the liver. Among these 194 miRNA species, there are 12 common miRNA species that are downregulated by 0.48-0.14-fold in both spleen and liver, which are miR-194, miR-192, miR-193A-3P, miR-145, miR-16, miR-99A, miR-99B, miR-15A, miR-152, let-7G, let-7B, and miR-455-3P. Only in the liver, there is an upregulation of the miR-142-5p by 2.5-fold and miR-342-3p by 5.1-fold. After 12 weeks of T withdrawal, the spleen exhibits only the miR-200A that is upregulated by 2.7-fold. In the liver, miR-376B, miR-493*, and miR-188-3P are upregulated by 2.4-fold, 2.2-fold, and 2.1-fold, respectively, and miR-347, miR-200A, and miR-200B are downregulated by approximately 0.4-fold. Upon infection, however, these changes are not sustained, i.e., the miRNA expressions of both spleen and liver of T-pretreated mice exhibit the same response to P. chabaudi malaria as that of vehicle-treated control mice. Our data suggest (1) that the P. chabaudi-induced downregulation of miRNA expression in spleen and liver is required to allow the upregulation of their numerous target genes in response to infection, and (2) that the T-induced persistent susceptibility to P. chabaudi does not affect the responsiveness of miRNA expression in spleen and liver to blood-stage malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Ai L, Xu MJ, Chen MX, Zhang YN, Chen SH, Guo J, Cai YC, Zhou XN, Zhu XQ, Chen JX. Characterization of microRNAs in Taenia saginata of zoonotic significance by Solexa deep sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:2373-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Hakimi MA, Cannella D. Apicomplexan parasites and subversion of the host cell microRNA pathway. Trends Parasitol 2011; 27:481-6. [PMID: 21840260 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RNA silencing plays a major role in innate antiviral and antibacterial defenses in plants, insects, and animals through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs can act in favor of the microorganism, either when it is pathogen-encoded or when the microorganism subverts host miRNAs to its benefit. Recent data point to the possibility that apicomplexan parasites have developed tactics to interfere with host miRNA populations in a parasite-specific manner, thereby identifying the RNA-silencing pathway as a new means to reshape their cellular environment. This review highlights the current understanding and new insights concerning the mechanisms that could be involved and the potential roles of the host microRNome (miRNome) in apicomplexan infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-ali Hakimi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5163, Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Micro-organismes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, BP 170, F-38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France. (
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Identification and characterization of microRNAs in Trichinella spiralis by comparison with Brugia malayi and Caenorhabditis elegans. Parasitol Res 2011; 109:553-8. [PMID: 21327987 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Trichinella spiralis is an important zoonotic nematode causing trichinellosis which is associated with human diseases such as malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea, and constipation. microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in the regulation of gene expression. The objective of the present study was to examine the miRNA expression profile of the larvae of T. spiralis by Solexa deep sequencing combined with stem-loop real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. T. spiralis larvae were collected from the skeletal muscle of naturally infected pigs in Henan province, China, by artificial digestion using pepsin. The specific identity of the T. spiralis larvae was confirmed by PCR amplification and subsequent sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA. A total of 17,851,693 reads with 2,773,254 unique reads were obtained. Eleven conserved miRNAs from 115 unique xsmall RNAs (sRNAs) and 12 conserved miRNAs from 130 unique sRNAs were found by BLAST analysis against the known miRNAs of Caenorhabditis elegans ( ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/genomes/Caenorhabditis_elegans ) and Brugia malayi dataset ( http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomeprj?Db=genomeprj&cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9549 ) in miRBase, respectively. One novel miRNA with 12 precursors were identified and certified using the reference genome of B. malayi, while no novel miRNA was found when using the reference genome of C. elegans. Nucleotide bias analysis showed that the uracil was the prominent nucleotide, particularly at the 1st, 6th, 18th, and 23th positions, which were almost at the beginning, middle, and the end of the conserved miRNAs. The identification and characterization of T. spiralis miRNAs provides a new resource to study regulation of genes and their networks in T. spiralis.
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