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Eldeek HE, Farrag HMM, Tolba MEM, El-Deek HE, Ali MO, Ibraheim ZZ, Bayoumi SA, Hassanin ESA, Alkhalil SS, Huseein EAEHM. Amoebicidal effect of Allium cepa against Allovahlkampfia spelaea: A keratitis model. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:1120-1136. [PMID: 36164578 PMCID: PMC9508644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Allovahlkampfia spelaea (A. spelaea) is a free-living amoeba, proved to cause Acanthamoeba-like keratitis with quite difficult treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the amoebicidal effect of Allium cepa (A. cepa) on A. spelaea trophozoites and cysts both in vitro and in vivo using Chinchilla rabbits as an experimental model of this type of keratitis. Chemical constituents of the aqueous extract of A. cepa were identified using Liquid Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). In vitro, A. cepa showed a significant inhibitory effect on trophozoites and cysts compared to the reference drug, chlorhexidine (CHX) as well as the non-treated control (P < 0.05) with statistically different effectiveness in terms of treatment durations and concentrations. No cytotoxic effect of A. cepa on corneal cell line was found even at high concentrations (32 mg/ml) using agar diffusion method. The in vivo results confirmed the efficacy of A. cepa where the extract enhanced keratitis healing with complete resolution of corneal ulcers in 80% of the infected animals by day 14 (post infection)pi compared to 70% recovery with CHX after 20 treatment days. The therapeutic effect was also approved at histological, immune-histochemical, and parasitological levels. Our findings support the potential use of A. cepa as an effective agent against A. spelaea keratitis.
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Fadaei M, Amini R, Dastan D, Eslami H, Mahdavinezhad A. The Promising Effect of Peucedanum chenur Chloroformic Extract on Prevention of Human Colorectal Cancer Progression by Modulating miR-135b, miR-21, and APC Genes. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 53:549-556. [PMID: 34212311 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The therapeutic use of herbal medicines for the diseases, including cancer, is increasing due to their lower side effects. The present research evaluated the effect of Peucedanum chenur chloroformic extract (PCCE) on cell proliferation against HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cell line. METHODS The cytotoxic effect of PCCE was evaluated by MTT assay. The activity of the Wnt/B-catenin pathway was assayed through measuring the expression of miR-135b, miR-21, and APC genes by real-time PCR. The flow cytometry and scratch tests were used to study the cell cycle and cell migration, respectively. Also, the antioxidant activity of PCCE was measured by DPPH and iron-chelating tests. RESULTS The results showed the downregulation of miR-135b and miR-21 and overexpression of the APC gene. Furthermore, PCCE decreased the free radicals, cell migration, and cell proliferation. The antioxidant activity of PCCE was confirmed by standard tests. CONCLUSION Altogether, our findings suggest that purified compounds of PCCE could be developed as a potent chemo-preventive drug for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Fadaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Dara Dastan
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamid Eslami
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Mahdavinezhad
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Nayeri T, Bineshian F, Khoshzaban F, Asl AD, Ghaffarifar F. Evaluation of the Effects of Rumex obtusifolius Seed and Leaf Extracts Against Acanthamoeba: An in vitro Study. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:211-219. [PMID: 32321413 DOI: 10.2174/1871526520666200422111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acanthamoebiasis treatment is a major and challenging problem due to the presence of resistant cyst form. Many herbal extracts and their derivatives have been used against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba, but no effective therapeutic agent has yet been discovered. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Rumex obtusifolius (R. obtusifolius) extracts against a clinical strain of Acanthamoeba genotype T4 in vitro. METHODS In this experimental study, after genotyping the clinical isolate, the hydroalcohlic extracts of R. obtusifolius seeds and leaves were prepared. Different concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/ml) of extracts were tested in triplicate (24, 48 and 72h) on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba. The mortality of the parasite was assessed by trypan blue vital staining and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS Results showed that the extract of R. obtusifolius leaves at the concentration of 10 mg/ml killed 100% of trophozoites and cysts after 72 h. However, the seed extract of R. obtusifolius had weak inhibitory effects on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba. In the presence of 10 mg/ml of hydroalcoholic seed extract of R.obtusifolius in culture medium after 72 h, 28.6% of trophozoites and 0% of cysts of Acanthamoeba were killed. After analysis by flow cytometry, seeds and leaves extract indicated apoptosis effect. Seed and leaf extracts caused 2.6% and 0.4% percent apoptosis. CONCLUSION These extracts are not promising candidates for further medicine development on acanthamoebiasis. Nonetheless, further research is necessary to clarify the effects of effective fractions of seed and leaf extracts of R. obtusifolius and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooran Nayeri
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Bineshian
- Department of Parasitology & Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fariba Khoshzaban
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Dalimi Asl
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Enhance the Amoebicidal Effect of Low Concentration of Polyhexamethylene Biguanide by Inducing Apoptosis. Cornea 2020; 39:245-249. [PMID: 31724982 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to reduce the cytotoxicity and improve the amoebicidal effect of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) at low concentrations by combining it with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. METHODS To reduce the cytotoxic effect on human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells, the concentration of PHMB was reduced to 0.0002%. To enhance the amoebicidal effect of PHMB, HDAC inhibitors such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, MS275, or MC1568 were combined with it. Acanthamoeba and HCE cells were treated with 3 combinations to evaluate the amoebicidal and cytotoxic effects. Microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis were performed to investigate the apoptotic cell death of Acanthamoeba by these combinatorial treatments. RESULTS The low concentration of PHMB (0.0002%) alone demonstrated no cytopathic effects (CPEs) on HCE cells. Three combinatorial treatments using 0.0002% PHMB with 10 μM suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, 10 μM MS275, or 10 μM MC1568 showed higher amoebicidal effects on A. castellanii trophozoites than PHMB alone. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis confirmed that HDAC inhibitors increased the apoptotic cell death of Acanthamoeba. Mild CPEs were observed from HCE cells cotreated with PHMB and the HDAC inhibitors after 24 hours of exposure. CONCLUSIONS Combinatorial treatments showed high amoebicidal effects on Acanthamoeba and low CPEs on HCE cells, which suggests their potential application for Acanthamoeba keratitis treatment.
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Phytochemical Screening and Acanthamoebic Activity of Shoots from in Vitro Cultures and in Vivo Plants of Eryngium alpinum L.-The Endangered and Protected Species. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061416. [PMID: 32244952 PMCID: PMC7144402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically uniform shoots of Eryngium alpinum L. cultured in vitro were subjected to the qualitative analysis applying the UPLC-HESI-HRMS technique. In vitro cultures give the opportunity to perform the phytochemical studies on the protected species without harvesting the plant material from the natural environment. The phytochemical screening of the crude methanolic extracts of shoots, both from in vitro cultures and in vivo plants, revealed the presence of phenolic acids, coumarins, flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins, amino acids, or dipeptides. Active compounds detected are known to have medicinal importance, and for this reason, the present study represents a preliminary investigation of the extracts against pathogenic and opportunistic amoeba. Among the extracts tested, the extract of shoots from in vitro cultures exhibited remarkable amoebicidal action against trophozoites. On the second day of treatment, the extract at the concentrations of 5 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, and 0.5 mg/mL showed the highest antiamoebicidal effect: the inhibition of trophozoites reached 81.14%, 66.38%, and 54.99%, respectively. To our best knowledge, the present report is the first to show the phytochemical screening and to discuss the antiamoebic activity of Eryngium alpinum L. shoots, both from in vitro cultures and in vivo plants.
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Amoebicidal and Amoebistatic Effects of Artemisia argyi Methanolic Extracts on Acanthamoeba castellanii Trophozoites and Cysts. Acta Parasitol 2019; 64:63-70. [PMID: 30689190 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-018-00009-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE : The present study aimed to investigate the amoebicidal and amoebistatic efects of Artemisia argyi leaf methanolic extract by testing the effects on trophozoites and on cysts. We also determined cytotoxic effect, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities, total phenolic, lavonoid and antioxidative contents of A. argyi. METHODS A. argyi was harvested from various geographic sites in Ordu province in Turkey. The fresh leaves were subjected to methanolic extraction. In 100 μl culture, different concentrations of A. argyi methanolic extract (in quantities from 1.2, 2.3, 4.7, 9.4, 18.7, 37.4, 74.8 mg/ml) and the same volume of trophozoite/cyst suspension were mixed for the determination of the amoebicidal activity of the plant extract. Human bronchial epithelial cells were treated with the same concentrations of Artemisia extracts to determine cytotoxic potential. RESULTS Total phenolic and lavonoid contents of the extract were calculated as 261 mg gallic acid/g dry extract and 29 mg quercetin/g dry extract, respectively. Total antioxidant activity was also calculated as 367 mg ascorbic acid/g dry extract. The growth of trophozoites stopped in A. argyi methanolic extract with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50)/8 h for 37.4 mg/ ml and 74.8 mg/ml extract solution and had stronger amoebicidal activity on the cysts with IC50/72 h. Artemisia showed stronger inhibitory effects on bronchial epithelial cells at the concentrations of 9.4, 18.7, 37.4 and 74.8 mg/ml. CONCLUSION The study indicated that A. argyi leaf extract has cytotoxic and anti-amoebic activities.
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Kaya Y, Baldemir A, Karaman Ü, Ildız N, Arıcı YK, Kaçmaz G, Kolören Z, Konca Y. Amebicidal effects of fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum) against Acanthamoeba cysts. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:563-571. [PMID: 30847135 PMCID: PMC6392877 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (TF) is known to the public as a chest emollient, mucous expectorant, laxative and is used to prevent maturation of boils and diabetes since ancient times. In this study, we aimed to determine the amebicidal effects against Acanthamoeba cysts. Plant extracts were prepared at concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 mg/ml and were placed in a hemocytometer with cell counts 22 × 106 cell/ml. The fatty acid profiles of TF seeds were determined. Standard Acanthamoeba cysts were added and incubated at 25°C. The viability of the parasite was checked and recorded at hours 3, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 102. The values of lethal concentration doses (LD50 and LD90) were calculated using probit analysis. This study revealed that T. foenum-graecum prevented proliferation of the parasite at certain times. However, further for in vivo and controlled experimental studies are needed in order to find out how to use this plant as medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Kaya
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineOrdu UniversityOrduTurkey
| | - Ayşe Baldemir
- Faculty of PharmacyDepartment of Pharmaceutical BotanyErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
| | - Ülkü Karaman
- Faculty of MedicineMedical Parasitology DepartmentOrdu UniversityOrduTurkey
| | - Nilay Ildız
- Faculty of PharmacyDepartment of Pharmaceutical MicrobiologyErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
| | - Yeliz Kasko Arıcı
- Faculty of MedicineBiostatistics DepartmentOrdu UniversityOrduTurkey
| | - Gamze Kaçmaz
- Faculty of MedicineMedical Microbiology DepartmentGiresun UniversityGiresunTurkey
| | - Zeynep Kolören
- Department of BiologyOrdu University Faculty of Arts and SciencesOrduTurkey
| | - Yusuf Konca
- Faculty of AgricultureDepartment of Feed and Animal FeedingErciyes UniversityKayseriTurkey
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Anacarso I, Sabia C, de Niederhäusern S, Iseppi R, Condò C, Bondi M, Messi P. In vitro evaluation of the amoebicidal activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. & Perry) essential oils against Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoites. Nat Prod Res 2017; 33:606-611. [PMID: 29117746 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1399390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Several species of the genus Acanthamoeba cause human diseases. Treatment of infections involves various problems, emphasising the need to develop alternative antiprotozoal agents. We studied the anti-amoebic activity of Essential Oils (EOs), derived from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. & Perry), against Acanthamoeba polyphaga strain. The amoebicidal activity of cloves and rosemary EOs was preliminary demonstrated by the morphology change (modifications in the cell shape, the presence of precipitates in the cytoplasm, autophagic vesicles, membrane blends) of the treated trophozoites. The cell-counts, carried out after staining trophozoites with a Trypan blue solution, revealed that both EOs were active in a dose-dependent manner and in relation to the exposure time. This activity was evident after few hours, with encouraging results obtained in particular with cloves EO, able to act at the lower concentrations and after 1 h, probably for its high eugenol content (65.30%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Anacarso
- a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio E. , Modena , Italy
| | - Carla Sabia
- a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio E. , Modena , Italy
| | | | - Ramona Iseppi
- a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio E. , Modena , Italy
| | - Carla Condò
- a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio E. , Modena , Italy
| | - Moreno Bondi
- a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio E. , Modena , Italy
| | - Patrizia Messi
- a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio E. , Modena , Italy
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Souhaiel N, Sifaoui I, Ben Hassine D, Bleton J, Bonose M, Moussa F, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Abderrabba M. Ammoides pusilla (Apiaceae) essential oil: Activity against Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:99-103. [PMID: 29102680 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba is a free-living amoeba genus that causes several diseases namely, amoebic keratitis which is a painful sight threatening eyes disease. Its treatment is difficult and the exploration for new drugs is very important. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the chemical composition of the Essential Oils (EO) obtained from leaves and flowers and aerial parts of Ammoides pusilla by an alternative method "Hydrodistillation''. Identification and quantification were realized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID). The main components of leaves and flowers and aerials parts were thymol (39.6% and 33.05%), γ-terpinene (28.97% and 28.19%), p-cymene (13.69% and 15.31%) and thymol methyl ether (7.33% and 8.91%), respectively. The antiparasitic activity of the EO was evaluated against Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff by the Alamar Blue® assay. Results showed that Ammoides pusilla amoebicidal activity from leaves and flowers essential oil (IC50 = 65.32 ± 5.43 μg/mL) was more important than those of aerial parts EO (IC50 = 97.18 ± 1.43 μg/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Najet Souhaiel
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, B.P. 51, 2070 La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunisia; Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Jarzouna, 7021 Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, B.P. 51, 2070 La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunisia; University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Dorsaf Ben Hassine
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, B.P. 51, 2070 La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Jean Bleton
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Techniques et Instruments d'Analyse Moléculaire (LETIAM) EA4041, Plateau de Moulon 91400 Orsay France
| | - Myriam Bonose
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Techniques et Instruments d'Analyse Moléculaire (LETIAM) EA4041, Plateau de Moulon 91400 Orsay France
| | - Fathi Moussa
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Techniques et Instruments d'Analyse Moléculaire (LETIAM) EA4041, Plateau de Moulon 91400 Orsay France
| | - José E Piñero
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 la Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Manef Abderrabba
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, B.P. 51, 2070 La Marsa, University of Carthage, Tunisia
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Hajaji S, Sifaoui I, López-Arencibia A, Reyes-Batlle M, Jiménez IA, Bazzocchi IL, Valladares B, Pinero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Akkari H. Correlation of radical-scavenging capacity and amoebicidal activity of Matricaria recutita L. (Asteraceae). Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:212-217. [PMID: 28919332 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Some Acanthamoeba strains are able to cause Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis (GAE) and Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) worldwide because of their pathogenicity. The treatment of Acanthamoeba infections is complicated due to the existence of a highly resistant cyst stage in their life cycle. Therefore, the elucidation of novel sources of anti-Acanthamoeba agents is an urgent need. In the present study, an evaluation of the antioxidant and anti-Acanthamoeba activity of compounds in flower extracts of Tunisian chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) was carried out. Chamomile methanol extract was the most active showing an IC50 of 66.235 ± 0.390 μg/ml, low toxicity levels when checked in murine macrophage toxicity model and presented also antioxidant properties. Moreover, a bio-guided fractionation of this extract was developed and led to the identification of a mixture of coumarins as the most active fraction. These results suggest a novel source of anti-Acanthamoeba compounds for the development of novel therapeutic agents against Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Hajaji
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi thabet, 2020, Tunisia; Faculté des sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia.
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, IPEST, University of Carthage, La Marsa, Tunisia; University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ignacio A Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Isabel L Bazzocchi
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Basilio Valladares
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - José E Pinero
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Hafidh Akkari
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Université de la Manouba, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi thabet, 2020, Tunisia
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Zouaghi G, Najar A, Chiboub O, Sifaoui I, Abderrabba M, Lorenzo Morales J. The effect of viroid infection of citrus trees on the amoebicidal activity of 'Maltese half-blood' (Citrus sinensis) against trophozoite stage of Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:182-186. [PMID: 28916460 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In order to promote a local Tunisian product, this study was designed to examine, for the first time, the anti-Acanthamoeba activity (Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff) of the essential oils of Tunisian Citrus sinensis peels (Maltese half-blood) and the effect of viroid plant infection on this activity. To do so, three samples of peels' essential oils were studied: from a healthy plant (Control), a plant inoculated with Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) and one inoculated with hot stunt cachexia viroid (HSVd). The samples were extracted by hydrodistillation from dried peels and characterized by GC-MS. Limonene was the major component with a percentage ranging from 90.76 to 93.34% for (CEVd) sample and (Control), respectively. Anti-Acanthamoeba activity of the tested oils was determined by the Alamar Blue® assay. Primary results showed a strong potential anti-Acanthamoeba activity with an IC50 ranging from 36.6 to 54.58 μg/ml for (HSVd) and (CEVd) samples, respectively. In terms of the effect of viroid infection, a strong positive correlation was observed between different chemical classes and anti-Acanthamoeba activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaya Zouaghi
- Laboratory Materials, Molecules, Applications, IPEST (Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies), University of Carthage, La Marsa 2070, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Asma Najar
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, National Institute of Agronomic Research of Tunisia, Rue Hédi Karray, 1004 El 9 Menzah, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Chiboub
- Laboratory Materials, Molecules, Applications, IPEST (Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies), University of Carthage, La Marsa 2070, Tunis, Tunisia; University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 La Laguna. Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Laboratory Materials, Molecules, Applications, IPEST (Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies), University of Carthage, La Marsa 2070, Tunis, Tunisia; University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 La Laguna. Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Manef Abderrabba
- Laboratory Materials, Molecules, Applications, IPEST (Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies), University of Carthage, La Marsa 2070, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jacob Lorenzo Morales
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna, Avda Francisco Sanchez s/n, Campus de Anchieta, 38271 La Laguna. Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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Mahboob T, Azlan AM, Shipton FN, Boonroumkaew P, Nor Azman NS, Sekaran SD, Ithoi I, Tan TC, Samudi C, Wiart C, Nissapatorn V. Acanthamoebicidal activity of periglaucine A and betulinic acid from Pericampylus glaucus (Lam.) Merr. in vitro. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:160-166. [PMID: 28916456 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba species are pathogenic protozoa which account for amoebic keratitis, conjunctivitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. These amoebae form cysts which resist drugs and more effective acanthamoebicidal agents are needed. Medicinal plants could be useful in improving the current treatment strategies for Acanthamoeba infections. In the present study, we examined the amoebicidal effects of Pericampylus glaucus (Lam.) Merr., a medicinal plant used for the treatment of conjunctivitis in Malaysia. Pathogenic Acanthamoeba triangularis were isolated from environmental water samples and treated with different concentrations of fractions obtained from Pericampylus glaucus (Lam.) Merr. as well as main constituents for 24-72 h. Chlorhexidine was used as a reference drug. Ethanol fraction of stem showed significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of trophozoites survival. Betulinic acid and periglaucine A from this plant at 100 μg/mL inhibited more than 70% survival of both cysts and trophozoites. The calculated therapeutic index for betulinic acid and periglaucine A was 170 and 1.5 for trophozoites stage and 3.75 and 8.5 for cysts stage. The observed amoebicidal efficacies indicate the beneficial aspects of this plant in the treatment of Acanthamoeba infection. Periglaucine A could also be of value for the treatment of Acanthamoeba infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Mahboob
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul-Majid Azlan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fiona Natalia Shipton
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Nadiah Syafiqah Nor Azman
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shamala Devi Sekaran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Init Ithoi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tian-Chye Tan
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chandramathi Samudi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Christophe Wiart
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, 80161 Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
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Derda M, Hadaś E, Cholewiński M, Skrzypczak Ł, Grzondziel A, Wojtkowiak-Giera A. Artemisia annua L. as a plant with potential use in the treatment of acanthamoebiasis. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:1635-9. [PMID: 26782959 PMCID: PMC4799240 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-4902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of acanthamoebiasis is a great problem. Most cerebral invasions end with death, and the treatment of ocular invasions is usually long-lasting and not very effective. Numerous plant extracts and substances isolated from plants, which are effective against trophozoites or cysts, have been studied in the treatment of acanthamoebiasis. However, no agents that are simultaneously effective against both developing forms of amoebae have been discovered yet. It seems that such a plant which fulfils both tasks is Artemisia annua L. Our studies showed that water, alcohol and chloroform extracts from the herb A. annua L. can be applied in general and local treatment or in combined therapy with antibiotics in the treatment of acanthamoebiasis. Extracts from this plant show not only in vitro but also in vivo effects. Studies carried out on experimental animals infected with amoebae show that the application of these extracts significantly prolongs the survival of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Derda
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 10 Fredry Street, 61-701, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Edward Hadaś
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 10 Fredry Street, 61-701, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Cholewiński
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 10 Fredry Street, 61-701, Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Skrzypczak
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 10 Fredry Street, 61-701, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Grzondziel
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 10 Fredry Street, 61-701, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wojtkowiak-Giera
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 10 Fredry Street, 61-701, Poznan, Poland
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Amebicidal activity of the essential oils of Lippia spp. (Verbenaceae) against Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoites. Parasitol Res 2015; 115:535-40. [PMID: 26446087 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Amoebic keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis are caused by some strains of free-living amoebae of the genus Acanthamoeba. In the case of keratitis, one of the greatest problems is the disease recurrence due to the resistance of parasites, especially the cystic forms, to the drugs that are currently used. Some essential oils of plants have been used as potential active agents against this protist. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the amebicidal activity of essential oils from plants of the genus Lippia against Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoites. To that end, 8 × 10(4) trophozoites were exposed for 24 h to increasing concentrations of essential oils from Lippia sidoides, Lippia gracilis, Lippia alba, and Lippia pedunculosa and to their major compounds rotundifolone, carvone, and carvacrol. Nearly all concentrations of oils and compounds showed amebicidal activity. The IC50 values for L. sidoides, L. gracilis L. alba, and L. pedunculosa were found to be 18.19, 10.08, 31.79, and 71.47 μg/mL, respectively. Rotundifolone, carvacrol, and carvone were determined as the major compounds showing IC50 of 18.98, 24.74, and 43.62 μg/mL, respectively. With the exception of oil from L. alba, the other oils evaluated showed low cytotoxicity in the NCI-H292 cell line. Given these results, the oils investigated here are promising sources of compounds for the development of complementary therapy against amoebic keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and can also be incorporated into cleaning solutions to increase their amebicidal efficiency.
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Jha BK, Seo I, Kong HH, Suh SI, Suh MH, Baek WK. Tigecycline inhibits proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:1189-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-4302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Sarkhail P. Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of the genus Peucedanum: a review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 156:235-70. [PMID: 25193684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Peucedanum (Apiaceae) comprising more than 120 species is widely distributed in Europe, Asia and Africa. The ethnopharmacologial history of this genus indicated that some extracts of aerial and underground parts of several Peucedanum species have been used in folk medicine for treatment of various conditions, such as cough, cramps, pain, rheumatism, asthma and angina. This review focuses on ethnopharmacological uses of Peucedanum species, as well as the phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies on this genus. Through this review, I intend to highlight the known and potential effects of the Peucedanum species or their isolated compounds and show which traditional medicine uses have been supported by pharmacological investigations. METHODS Information on the Peucedanum species was collected from scientific journals, books, thesis and reports via a library and electronic search (using Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect). This review covers the available literature from 1970 to the end of September 2013. RESULTS Although, there are about 120 species in this genus, so far many species have received no or little attention and most of pharmacological studies were performed on just about 20 species. Many phytochemical investigations on this genus confirmed that Peucedanum species are rich in essential oils and coumarins. The present review article shows that Peucedanum species have a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities and the most reported activities of Peucedanum plants come back to the presence of coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics and essential oils. CONCLUSIONS The present review confirms that some Peucedanum species have emerged as a good source of the traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation, microbial infections, cardiopulmonary diseases and provides new insights for further investigations on isolated compounds, especially on praeruptorins, to find novel therapeutics and aid drug discovery. However, for using Peucedanum species to prevent and treat various diseases, additional pharmacological studies to find the mechanism of action, safety and efficacy of them before starting clinical trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Sarkhail
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 16th Azar Street, PO Box 14155-6451, Tehran 14176, Iran.
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17
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Badria FA, Hetta MH, Sarhan RM, Ezz El-Din MH. Lethal effects of Helianthemum lippii (L.) on Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts in vitro. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2014; 52:243-9. [PMID: 25031463 PMCID: PMC4096634 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2014.52.3.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba spp. commonly cause Acanthamoeba keratitis which is typically associated with the wear of contact lenses. Therefore, finding an economic, efficient, and safe therapy of natural origin is of outmost importance. This study examined the in vitro lethal potential of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Helianthemum lippii (L.) (sun roses) against Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts isolated from patients with amoebic keratitis. Both extracts proved to be potent as regard to their lethal effects on A. castellanii cysts with comparable results to chlorhexidine. The ethyl acetate was more promising with cumulative lethality. It showed a highly significant lethal percentage along the duration of treatment. The analysis of the more potent ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of 2.96 mg/100 g of total phenolics, 0.289 mg/100 ml of total flavonoids and 37 mg/100 mg of total tannins which highlighted their phytomedicinal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M H Hetta
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Suef University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Sarhan
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M H Ezz El-Din
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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18
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Cabello-Vílchez AM, Martín-Navarro CM, López-Arencibia A, Reyes-Batlle M, Sifaoui I, Valladares B, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. Voriconazole as a first-line treatment against potentially pathogenic Acanthamoeba strains from Peru. Parasitol Res 2013; 113:755-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3705-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Heredero-Bermejo I, Copa-Patiño JL, Soliveri J, Gómez R, de la Mata FJ, Pérez-Serrano J. In vitro comparative assessment of different viability assays in Acanthamoeba castellanii and Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoites. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:4087-95. [PMID: 24026387 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The species of the genus Acanthamoeba are opportunistic protozoan parasites that cause different diseases in humans, such as amoebic keratitis and granulomatous encephalitis. The rise in the rate of Acanthamoeba keratitis, mainly due to the increase in contact lens wearers, turns the development of viability assays using a multi-well plate reader as a tool for screening new antiamoebic agents in vitro into an important goal. In our study, the viability assays PrestoBlue®, resazurin sodium salt, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and CellTiter96® were tested for their suitability as time-saving alternatives to the classical manual or direct-counting method, assessing the effect of the antiamoebic agent chlorhexidine digluconate and temperature on Acanthamoeba castellanii (ATCC® 30234™) and Acanthamoeba polyphaga 2961. Although resazurin and MTT have already been previously used in amoeba viability assays to test the activities of antiamoebic agents in vitro, it is the first time that PrestoBlue® and CellTiter96® are used for this purpose. Results indicated that the viability assays were strain-dependent leading in some cases to an overestimation of the real situation of viable cells. This implies that each viability assay ought to be set up for each amoeba strain studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Heredero-Bermejo
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona (Autovía A2) Km. 33 600, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Borase HP, Patil CD, Sauter IP, Rott MB, Patil SV. Amoebicidal activity of phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles and theirin vitrocytotoxicity to human cells. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2013; 345:127-31. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hemant P. Borase
- School of Life Sciences; North Maharashtra University; Jalgaon; Maharashtra; India
| | | | - Ismael P. Sauter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente; Porto Alegre; Rio Grande do Sul; Brasil
| | - Marilise B. Rott
- Departamento de Microbiologia; Imunologia Parasitologia; Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde; Porto Alegre; Rio Grande do Sul; Brasil
| | - Satish V. Patil
- School of Life Sciences; North Maharashtra University; Jalgaon; Maharashtra; India
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Shoaib HM, Muazzam AG, Mir A, Jung SY, Matin A. Evaluation of inhibitory potential of some selective methanolic plants extracts on biological characteristics of Acanthamoeba castellanii using human corneal epithelial cells in vitro. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:1179-88. [PMID: 23306385 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic protozoan pathogen and known to be one of the most ubiquitous organisms, play a vital role in ecosystem, and recognized to cause blinding keratitis and rare but fatal granulomatous encephalitis involving the central nervous system with a very poor prognosis. This is due to limited availability of effective anti-Acanthamoeba drugs. The objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy of methanolic plants crude extracts on the viability and biological properties of Acanthamoeba castellanii (T4 genotype) and its cytotoxic effects on human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC). Using HCEC, it was observed that Acanthamoeba exhibited binding (>90 %) and cytotoxicity (>80 %) to host cells. However, plant crude extracts remarkably inhibited more than 70 and 60 % of Acanthamoeba binding and cytotoxicity to HCEC, respectively. It was further established that crude extracts (ranging from 0.1 to 1.5 mg/ml) exhibited amoebicidal effects, i.e., >50 % of trophozoites were killed/reduced at maximum dose (1.5 mg/ml) within 1 h incubation. However, the residual subpopulation remained static over longer incubations. Furthermore, growth assay demonstrated crude extracts inhibited >50 % Acanthamoeba numbers up to 7 days. Our results confirmed that plant crude extracts has inhibitory effects on Acanthamoeba growth and viability. Overall, these findings revealed that tested plant extracts is inhibitory to Acanthamoeba properties associated with pathogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, our findings demonstrated for the first time that selected methanol plant crude extracts exhibits inhibitory effects on biological properties of Acanthamoeba without any toxic effects on HCEC cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Shoaib
- Department of Environmental Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
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Chemical composition and amoebicidal activity of Croton pallidulus, Croton ericoides, and Croton isabelli(Euphorbiaceae) essential oils. Parasitol Res 2012; 111:961-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-2918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Degerli S, Berk S, Tepe B, Malatyali E. Amoebicidal activity of the rhizomes and aerial parts of Allium sivasicum on Entamoeba histolytica. Parasitol Res 2012; 111:59-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2801-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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In vitro amoebicidal activities of Satureja cuneifolia and Melissa officinalis on Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts and trophozoites. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:2175-80. [PMID: 22160280 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2744-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Amoebic keratitis is difficult to treat without total efficacy in some patients because of cysts, which are less susceptible than trophozoites to the usual treatments. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro amoebicidal activity of the methanolic extracts of Satureja cuneifolia and Melissa officinalis. In the presence of methanolic extracts (ranging from 1.0 to 32.0 mg/ml), numbers of the viable Acanthamoe castellanii trophozoites and cysts were decreased during the experimental process. Both extracts showed a time- and dose-dependent amoebicidal action on the trophozoites and cysts. Among the extracts tested, S. cuneifolia showed the strongest amoebicidal effect on the trophozoites and cysts. In the presence of 32 mg/ml extract, no viable trophozoites were observed within 24 h. At the same concentration value, the extract was found effective against the cysts at a rate of 46.3% within 72 h of the experimental process. At 16 mg/ml extract concentration, no viable trophozoites were also observed in the 24th hour of the experiment. At the end of the experimental process, 34.7% of the cysts were killed by the extract. M. officinalis showed moderate amoebicidal effect. At the concentration of 32 mg/ml, 44.3% and 30.0% of the trophozoites and cysts were killed by the extract, respectively. Results obtained from these concentration values were found statistically different in terms of their actions both on trophozoites and cysts (p<0.05).
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El-Sayed NM, Ismail KA, Ahmed SAEG, Hetta MH. In vitro amoebicidal activity of ethanol extracts of Arachis hypogaea L., Curcuma longa L. and Pancratium maritimum L. on Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:1985-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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