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Akhlaghi E, Salari E, Mansouri M, Shafiei M, Kalantar-Neyestanaki D, Aghassi H, Fasihi Harandi M. Identification and comparison of intestinal microbial diversity in patients at different stages of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18912. [PMID: 39143364 PMCID: PMC11324937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a significant focus on the role of the host microbiome in different outcomes of human parasitic diseases, including cystic echinococcosis (CE). This study was conducted to identify the intestinal microbiome of patients with CE at different stages of hydatid cyst compared to healthy individuals. Stool samples from CE patients as well as healthy individuals were collected. The samples were divided into three groups representing various stages of hepatic hydatid cyst: active (CE1 and CE2), transitional (CE3), and inactive (CE4 and CE5). One family member from each group was selected to serve as a control. The gut microbiome of patients with different stages of hydatid cysts was investigated using metagenomic next-generation amplicon sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. In this study, we identified 4862 Operational Taxonomic Units from three stages of hydatid cysts in CE patients and healthy individuals with a combined frequency of 2,955,291. The most abundant genera observed in all the subjects were Blautia, Agathobacter, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Prevotella. The highest microbial frequency was related to inactive forms of CE, and the lowest frequency was observed in the group with active forms. However, the lowest OTU diversity was found in patients with inactive cysts compared with those with active and transitional cyst stages. The genus Agatobacter had the highest OTU frequency. Pseudomonas, Gemella, and Ligilactobacillus showed significant differences among the patients with different stages of hydatid cysts. Additionally, Anaerostipes and Candidatus showed significantly different reads in CE patients compared to healthy individuals. Our findings indicate that several bacterial genera can play a role in the fate of hydatid cysts in patients at different stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Akhlaghi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Department of Medical Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Salari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mansouri
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shafiei
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Department of Surgery, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Davood Kalantar-Neyestanaki
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Aghassi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Department of Medical Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Majid Fasihi Harandi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Department of Medical Parasitology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Wang L, Pu G, Liu T, Chen G, Li H, Amuda TO, Cao S, Yan H, Yin H, Fu B, Luo X. Parasite-derived microRNA let-7-5p detection for metacestodiasis based on rolling circular amplification-assisted CRISPR/Cas9. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23708. [PMID: 38805151 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302449r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Metacestodiasis is an infectious disease caused by the larval stage of cestode parasites. This disease poses a serious health hazard to wildlife, livestock, and humans, and it incurs substantial economic losses by impacting the safety of the livestock industry, the quality of meat production, and public health security. Unfortunately, there is currently no available molecular diagnostic method capable of distinguishing cysticercus- and Echinococcus-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) from other helminthes and hosts in the plasma of metacestode-infected animals. This study aims to develop a specific, sensitive, and cost-efficient molecular diagnostic method for cysticercosis and echinococcosis, particularly for early detection. The study developed a rolling circular amplification (RCA)-assisted CRISPR/Cas9 detection method based on parasite-derived miRNA let-7-5p. Using a series of dilutions of the let-7 standard, the limit of detection (LOD) of the qPCR, RCA, and RCA-assisted CRISPR/Cas9 methods was compared. The specificity of qPCR and CRISPR/Cas9 was evaluated using four artificially synthesized let-7 standards from different species. A total of 151 plasma samples were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Additionally, the study also assessed the correlation between plasma levels of let-7-5p, the number of Taenia pisiformis cysticerci, and the weight of Echinococcus multilocularis cysts. The results demonstrated that the RCA-assisted CRISPR/Cas9 assay could significantly distinguish let-7 from cestodes and other species, achieving a LOD of 10 aM; the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for rabbit cysticercosis and mouse E. multilocularis were 100% and 97.67%, and 100% and 100%, respectively. Notably, let-7-5p gradually increased in the plasma of T. pisiformis-infected rabbits from 15 days post infection (dpi), peaked at 60 dpi, and persisted until 120 dpi. In E. multilocularis-infected mice, let-7-5p gradually increased from 15 dpi and persisted until 90 dpi. Furthermore, the expression of let-7-5p positively correlated with the number of cysticerci and cyst weight. These results indicated that the let-7-5p-based RCA-assisted CRISPR/Cas9 assay is a sensitive and specific detection method that can be used as a universal diagnostic method for metacestodiasis, particularly for early diagnosis (15 dpi).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Guiting Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Tingli Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Tharheer Oluwashola Amuda
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Shanling Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Baoquan Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuenong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, National Para-reference Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Lanzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Hasanzadeh A, Beiromvand M, Rafiei A, Kazemi M, Bahreini A, Khanahmad H. Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Human Cystic Echinococcosis. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:244-251. [PMID: 36617714 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230106163928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the Echinococcus granulosus senso lato (E. granulosus s.l.) larval stages. Parasitederived products have been shown to regulate host matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), contributing to CE pathogenesis and progressive liver fibrosis in intermediate hosts. The current study aimed to investigate the potential role of MMP1, 7, 8, and 13 in E. granulosus s.l-induced liver fibrosis. METHODS Thirty CE patients with active, transitional, or inactive hydatid cysts were enrolled in this study to determine the inductive effects of E. granulosus on the expression of MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-8, and MMP-13 in healthy liver tissue and fibrotic liver tissue using qRT-PCR. RESULTS According to the WHO-IWGE classification, patients with functional cysts (CE1 and CE2) had the highest percentage (46.6%). MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-8, and MMP-13 expression levels were significantly higher in fibrotic liver than in normal liver tissue. MMP-13 and MMP-1 had the highest and lowest expression levels among MMPs. Compared to the normal group, the fold change for MMP-13 in the fibrotic group was greater than 12 and had the highest AUC value (AUC= 0.8283). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that E. granulosus-derived products might be involved in regulating host MMPs. Thus, MMPs may be considered potential biomarkers for predicting CE prognosis. Because of the non-normal distribution of our patients' CE types, further research, particularly on circulation MMPs, is needed to confirm the potential role of MMPs in CE pathogenesis and to follow up on CE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Hasanzadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Molouk Beiromvand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdollah Rafiei
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amin Bahreini
- Department of Surgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Monge-Maillo B, Lopez-Velez R. Cystic echinococcosis of the bone. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2023; 36:341-347. [PMID: 37593962 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cystic echinococcosis (CE) has a wide world distribution causing important morbidity. Osseous involvement is present in less than 4% of the CE cases. Its diagnosis and therapeutic management is full of challenges and low grade of evidence. RECENT FINDINGS The study summarizes literature evidence on the management of osseous CE with particular emphasis on new data regarding diagnosis and treatment. SUMMARY Clinical presentation of osseous CE depends on the skeletal area affected. Diagnosis is mostly based on radiological findings and serology. Recent advances with qPCR on osseous tissue samples seem to be a good option for diagnosis confirmation. Complete resection of the cystic lesion is the only curative option, but it is usually not possible performing palliative surgery and prolonged albendazole intake in most cases. Radiotherapy could be an option, but experience to date is only based on clinical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Monge-Maillo
- National Reference Unit for Tropical Diseases. Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital. IRICYS. CIBERINFEC. Madrid, Spain
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Habibi B, Gholami S, Bagheri A, Fakhar M, Moradi A, Khazeei Tabari MA. Cystic echinococcosis microRNAs as potential noninvasive biomarkers: current insights and upcoming perspective. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:885-894. [PMID: 37553726 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2246367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Echinococcosis, also known as hydatidosis, is a zoonotic foodborne disease occurred by infection with the larvae of Echinococcus spp. which can lead to the development of hydatid cysts in various organs of the host. The diagnosis of echinococcosis remains challenging due to limited diagnostic tools. AREAS COVERED In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a promising biomarker for various infectious diseases, including those caused by helminths. Recent studies have identified several novel miRNAs in Echinococcus spp. shedding light on their essential roles in hydatid cyst host-parasite interactions. In this regard, several studies have shown that Echinococcus-derived miRNAs are present in biofluids such as serum and plasma of infected hosts. The detection of these miRNAs in the early stages of infection can serve as an early prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for echinococcosis. EXPERT OPINION The miRNAs specific to Echinococcus spp. show great potential as early diagnostic biomarkers for echinococcosis and can also provide insights into the pathogenesis of this disease. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of Echinococcus-specific miRNAs, their use as early diagnostic biomarkers, and their function in host-parasite interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bentolhoda Habibi
- Department of Parasitology, Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shirzad Gholami
- Department of Parasitology, Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry-Biophysics and Genetics, Immunogenetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fakhar
- Department of Parasitology, Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran Registry Center for Hydatid Cyst, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alimohammad Moradi
- Department of General Surgery Division of HPB and Transplantation Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bai Z, Ma X, Yan R, Lei W, Zhang Y, Ren Y, Liu S. Metabolomic profiling of early inactive hepatic alveolar and cystic echinococcosis. Acta Trop 2023; 242:106875. [PMID: 36940858 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE) are severe helminthic zoonoses and leading causes of parasitic liver damage. They pose a high mortality risk due to invisible clinical signs, especially at the early inactive stage. However, the specific metabolic profiles induced by inactive AE and CE lesions remain largely unclear. Therefore, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic profiling to identify the global metabolic variations in AE and CE patient sera to differentiate between the two diseases and reveal the mechanisms underlying their pathogenesis. In addition, specific serum biomarkers of inactive hepatic AE and CE were screened using receiver operating curves, which can contribute to the clinical diagnosis of both diseases, especially in the earlier phase. These differential metabolites are involved in glycine, serine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine metabolism. Further analysis of key metabolic pathways showed that inactive AE lesions strongly alter amino acid metabolism in the host. CE lesions have an altered metabolism of oxidative stress response. These changes suggest these metabolite-associated pathways can serve as biomarkers to distinguish individuals with inactive AE and CE from healthy populations. This study also investigated the differences in serum metabolic profiles in patients with CE and AE. The biomarkers identified belonged to different metabolic pathways, including lipid, carnitine, androgen, and bile acid metabolism. Taken together, by investigating the different phenotypes of CE and AE with metabolomic profiling, serum biomarkers facilitating early diagnosis were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Bai
- Research Center for High-Altitude Medicine, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China 810001
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Hydatid Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, China, 810001
| | - Ranran Yan
- Research Center for High-Altitude Medicine, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China 810001
| | - Wen Lei
- Department of Hydatid Disease Prevention and Control, Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control, Xining, Qinghai, China, 810001
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging PET-CT Center, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China, 810001
| | - Yanming Ren
- Research Center for High-Altitude Medicine, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China 810001.
| | - Shou Liu
- Research Center for High-Altitude Medicine, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China 810001; Department of Public Health, Plateau Medical Research Center, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China, 810001.
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Fasihi Karami M, Beiromvand M, Rafiei A, Dayer D, Rahdar M, Bahreini A, Dastyar AA. Can Echinococcus granulosus-Derived MicroRNAs be Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Follow-up of Cystic Echinococcosis Patients? Acta Parasitol 2023; 68:231-239. [PMID: 36637695 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00654-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected tropical disease caused by the larval stages of Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs acting as mediators in host-parasite interaction. Recently, numerous studies have been conducted on miRNAs in infectious diseases; however, little data are available about the role of miRNAs in pathogenesis and early diagnosis of CE. METHODS The current study evaluated the expression of four E. granulosus-derived miRNAs, including egr-miR-125,5p, egr-let-7,5p, egr-miR-2, and egr-miR-71 in fibrotic and healthy liver tissues of 31 CE patients with active and inactive hydatid cysts by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Of the 31 patients, 48.4% had active cysts (CE1 and CE2), while the remainder had transitional (16.1%) and inactive (35.5%) CE types cysts. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed a significant increase of 11.2, 9.91, 6.2, and 13.1-fold in the fibrotic tissue group for egr-miR-125,5p, egr-let-7,5p, egr-miR-2, and egr-miR-71, respectively. Among these miRNAs, egr-miR-125-5p exhibited the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.8050 for predicting liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide new data about the role of E. granulosus-derived miRNAs in pathogenesis of CE. The high AUC of egr-miR125,5p reflecting the possibility of using egr-miR125,5p as biomarker in CE diagnosis. Further studies on serum of CE patients are needed to confirm the potential role of circulating egr-miR-2a-3p and egr-miR-125-5p in the early diagnosis of CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Fasihi Karami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Molouk Beiromvand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Rafiei
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Dian Dayer
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rahdar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amin Bahreini
- Department of Surgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Dastyar
- Department of Surgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Karami MF, Beiromvand M, Rafiei A, Dayer D, Rahdar M, Bahreini A, Dastyar AA. Serum Level of egr-miR-2a-3p as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Cystic Echinococcosis. Acta Parasitol 2023; 68:114-121. [PMID: 36434379 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic parasitic disease caused by the metacestodes of Echinococcus granulosus senso lato (E. granulosus s.l.). The larval stages of this parasite, hydatid cyst, are usually diagnosed using imaging modalities and serological testing; however, several studies have recently suggested using the parasite-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) as novel diagnostic biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study included 31 CE patients who were older than 5 years and were admitted to the hospitals of Ahvaz, Iran for hydatid cyst removal surgery during 2019-2021. The egr-miR-125-5p and egr-miR-2a-3p levels were evaluated in the sera of the CE patients before and 6 months after the surgery using Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR), and the results were compared with the serum samples from 15 healthy volunteers. Then, the intergroup comparisons were performed using the t test. RESULTS The patients' age range was 6-72 years, with a mean age of 34.6 years. Moreover, based on the classification by the WHO-IWGE, one patient (3.2%) had CE1, 14 patients (45.2%) had CE2, 5 patients (16.1%) had CE3, 2 patients (6.5%) had CE4, and 9 patients (29%) had CE5. Also, 21 patients (67.74%) had a positive antigen test using the ELISA method, while 10 patients (32.26%) had a negative ELISA. The pre-operative expression level of egr-miR-2a-3p was 10.36 folds higher compared to 6 months after the surgery, with an AUC value of 0.8176. However, the expression levels of egr-miR-125-5p did not change significantly 6 months after the surgery compared to pre-operative levels. CONCLUSIONS According to the present study results, the serum levels of egr-miR-2a-3p can be a promising non-invasive biomarker for diagnosing CE and monitoring its potential recurrence after cystectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Fasihi Karami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Molouk Beiromvand
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. .,Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Rafiei
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Dian Dayer
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rahdar
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amin Bahreini
- Department of Surgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Dastyar
- Department of Surgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Hadipour M, Fasihi Harandi M, Mirhendi H, Yousofi Darani H. Diagnosis of echinococcosis by detecting circulating cell-free DNA and miRNA. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:133-142. [PMID: 36756744 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2178903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diagnosis of echinococcosis is difficult and usually performed based on clinical findings, imaging, and serological test. However, all of them have limitations, especially in follow-up approaches. AREAS COVERED Detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and micro-RNA (miRNA) is currently a hot topic for diagnosis of echinococcosis diseases. For detecting cell-free DNA in echinococcosis patient's samples such as sera, some techniques are based on next-generation sequencing (NGS), DNA-deep sequencing, some are based on PCR-based methods, and a few works related to the detection of miRNA for the diagnosis of human echinococcosis. EXPERT OPINION In the detection of cell-free DNA in echinococcosis patient' samples, NGS and DNA-deep sequencing have shown high level of sensitivity, but are not suitable for routine clinical examination as they are expensive and inaccessible in the majority of endemic areas. However, PCR-based methods have shown a sensitivity of about 20-25%. To improve the sensitivity of these tests, improving the DNA extraction method, designing appropriate primers for detecting short-length fragments of circulating DNA, using a higher volume of a serum sample, and application of more sensitive PCR methods are recommended. In the field of miRNA detection, further works are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Hadipour
- Department of parasitology and mycology, Faculty of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Fasihi Harandi
- Research center for Hydatid disease in Iran, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Mirhendi
- Department of parasitology and mycology, Faculty of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Yousofi Darani
- Department of parasitology and mycology, Faculty of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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