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Das PK, Bhatnagar T, Banik S, Majumdar S, Dutta D. Structural and molecular dynamics simulation studies of CBL-interacting protein kinase CIPK and its complexes related to plant salinity stress. J Mol Model 2024; 30:248. [PMID: 38965105 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-06037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Calcium-dependent signaling in plants is responsible for several major cellular events, including the activation of the salinity-responsive pathways. Calcium binds to calcineurin B-like protein (CBL), and the resulting CBL-Ca2+ complex binds to CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK). The CBL-CIPK complex enhances the CIPK interaction with an upstream kinase. The upstream kinase phosphorylates CIPK that, in turn, phosphorylates membrane transporters. Phosphorylation influences transporter activity to kick-start many downstream functions, such as balancing the cytosolic Na+-to-K+ ratio. The CBL-CIPK interaction is pivotal for Ca2+-dependent salinity stress signaling. METHODS Computational methods are used to model the entire Arabidopsis thaliana CIPK24 protein structure in its autoinhibited and open-activated states. Arabidopsis thaliana CIPK24-CBL4 complex is predicted based on the protein-protein docking methods. The available structural and functional data support the CIPK24 and the CIPK24-CBL4 complex models. Models are energy-minimized and subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations for 500 ns and 300 ns enabled us to predict the importance of conserved residues of the proteins. Finally, the work is extended to predict the CIPK24-CBL4 complex with the upstream kinase GRIK2. MD simulation for 300 ns on the ternary complex structure enabled us to identify the critical CIPK24-GRIK2 interactions. Together, these data could be used to engineer the CBL-CIPK interaction network for developing salt tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanya Bhatnagar
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Sanhita Banik
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Sambit Majumdar
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Debajyoti Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India.
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2
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Kaya C, Uğurlar F, Adamakis IDS. Molecular Mechanisms of CBL-CIPK Signaling Pathway in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Hormone Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5043. [PMID: 38732261 PMCID: PMC11084290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stressors, including drought, salt, cold, and heat, profoundly impact plant growth and development, forcing elaborate cellular responses for adaptation and resilience. Among the crucial orchestrators of these responses is the CBL-CIPK pathway, comprising calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). While CIPKs act as serine/threonine protein kinases, transmitting calcium signals, CBLs function as calcium sensors, influencing the plant's response to abiotic stress. This review explores the intricate interactions between the CBL-CIPK pathway and plant hormones such as ABA, auxin, ethylene, and jasmonic acid (JA). It highlights their role in fine-tuning stress responses for optimal survival and acclimatization. Building on previous studies that demonstrated the enhanced stress tolerance achieved by upregulating CBL and CIPK genes, we explore the regulatory mechanisms involving post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions. Despite significant contributions from prior research, gaps persist in understanding the nuanced interplay between the CBL-CIPK system and plant hormone signaling under diverse abiotic stress conditions. In contrast to broader perspectives, our review focuses on the interaction of the pathway with crucial plant hormones and its implications for genetic engineering interventions to enhance crop stress resilience. This specialized perspective aims to contribute novel insights to advance our understanding of the potential of the CBL-CIPK pathway to mitigate crops' abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Agriculture Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63200, Turkey; (C.K.); (F.U.)
| | - Ferhat Uğurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Agriculture Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63200, Turkey; (C.K.); (F.U.)
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Gao Y, Zhang Y, Ji X, Wang J, Suo N, Liu J, Huo X. Identification of Dioscorea opposite Thunb. CDPK gene family reveals that DoCDPK20 is related to heat resistance. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16110. [PMID: 37744230 PMCID: PMC10517659 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Temperature affects the growth and yield of yam (Dioscorea opposite Thunb.), and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) play an important role in the plant stress response. However, there has been a lack of system analyses of yam's CDPK gene family. In this study, 29 CDPK transcriptome sequences with complete open reading frames (ORFs) were identified from yam RNA sequencing data. The sequences were classified into four groups (I-VI) using phylogenetic analysis. Two DoCDPK genes were randomly selected from each group and the gene patterns of yam leaves were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) under high and low temperature stress in order to show their unique functions in mediating specific responses. Among them, DoCDPK20 was significantly induced in high temperatures. The pPZP221-DoCDPK20 was transformed into tobacco leaves using an agrobacterium-mediated method. Under high temperature stress, DoCDPK20 overexpression reduced photosynthesis and improved heat tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Our research offers meaningful perspectives into CDPK genes and new avenues for the genetic engineering and molecular breeding of yam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Gao
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ningning Suo
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiecai Liu
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiuwen Huo
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Arab M, Najafi Zarrini H, Nematzadeh G, Heidari P, Hashemipetroudi SH, Kuhlmann M. Comprehensive Analysis of Calcium Sensor Families, CBL and CIPK, in Aeluropus littoralis and Their Expression Profile in Response to Salinity. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030753. [PMID: 36981024 PMCID: PMC10048465 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have acquired sets of highly regulated and complex signaling pathways to respond to unfavorable environmental conditions during evolution. Calcium signaling, as a vital mechanism, enables plants to respond to external stimuli, including abiotic and biotic stresses, and coordinate the basic processes of growth and development. In the present study, two calcium sensor families, CBL and CIPK, were investigated in a halophyte plant, Aeluropus littoralis, with a comprehensive analysis. Here, six AlCBL genes, and twenty AlCIPK genes were studied. The analysis of the gene structure and conserved motifs, as well as physicochemical properties, showed that these genes are highly conserved during evolution. The expression levels of AlCBL genes and AlCIPK genes were evaluated under salt stress in leaf and root tissue. Based on the real-time RT-PCR results, the AlCIPK gene family had a higher variation in mRNA abundance than the AlCBL gene family. AlCIPK genes were found to have a higher abundance in leaves than in roots. The results suggest that the correlation between AlCBL genes and AlCIPK is tissue-specific, and different correlations can be expected in leaves and roots. Based on these correlations, AlCIPK3.1-AlCBL4.1 and AlCIPK1.2-AlCBL4.4 can be co-expressed in the root tissue, while AlCBL10 has the potential to be co-expressed with AlCIPK5, AlCIPK26, and AlCIPK12.3 in the leaf tissue. Our findings reveal valuable information on the structure and function of calcium sensor families in A. littoralis, a halophyte plant, that can be used in future research on the biological function of CBLs and CIPKs on salt stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Arab
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 14965161, Iran
| | - Hamid Najafi Zarrini
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
| | - Ghorbanali Nematzadeh
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
| | - Parviz Heidari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood 3619995161, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hamidreza Hashemipetroudi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
- RG Heterosis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 306466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Markus Kuhlmann
- RG Heterosis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 306466 Gatersleben, Germany
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Calcium decoders and their targets: The holy alliance that regulate cellular responses in stress signaling. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 134:371-439. [PMID: 36858741 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is versatile communication network in the cell. Stimuli perceived by cells are transposed through Ca2+-signature, and are decoded by plethora of Ca2+ sensors present in the cell. Calmodulin, calmodulin-like proteins, Ca2+-dependent protein kinases and calcineurin B-like proteins are major classes of proteins that decode the Ca2+ signature and serve in the propagation of signals to different parts of cells by targeting downstream proteins. These decoders and their targets work together to elicit responses against diverse stress stimuli. Over a period of time, significant attempts have been made to characterize as well as summarize elements of this signaling machinery. We begin with a structural overview and amalgamate the newly identified Ca2+ sensor protein in plants. Their ability to bind Ca2+, undergo conformational changes, and how it facilitates binding to a wide variety of targets is further embedded. Subsequently, we summarize the recent progress made on the functional characterization of Ca2+ sensing machinery and in particular their target proteins in stress signaling. We have focused on the physiological role of Ca2+, the Ca2+ sensing machinery, and the mode of regulation on their target proteins during plant stress adaptation. Additionally, we also discuss the role of these decoders and their mode of regulation on the target proteins during abiotic, hormone signaling and biotic stress responses in plants. Finally, here, we have enumerated the limitations and challenges in the Ca2+ signaling. This article will greatly enable in understanding the current picture of plant response and adaptation during diverse stimuli through the lens of Ca2+ signaling.
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Yang C, Yi-feng J, Yushu W, Yansong G, Qi W, Xue Y. Diverse roles of the CIPK gene family in transcription regulation and various biotic and abiotic stresses: A literature review and bibliometric study. Front Genet 2022; 13:1041078. [PMID: 36457742 PMCID: PMC9705351 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1041078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2023] Open
Abstract
CIPKs are a subclass of serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinases. CBLs are ubiquitous Ca2+ sensors that interact with CIPK with the aid of secondary Ca2+ messengers for regulation of growth and development and response to stresses faced by plants. The divergent roles of the CIPK-CBL interaction in plants include responding to environmental stresses (salt, cold, drought, pH, ABA signaling, and ion toxicity), ion homeostasis (K+, NH4 +, NO3 -, and microelement homeostasis), biotic stress, and plant development. Each member of this gene family produces distinct proteins that help plants adapt to diverse stresses or stimuli by interacting with calcium ion signals. CIPK consists of two structural domains-an N-terminal domain and a C-terminal domain-connected by a junction domain. The N-terminal domain, the site of phosphorylation, is also called the activation domain and kinase domain. The C-terminal, also known as the regulatory domain of CIPK, further comprises NAF/FISL and PPI. CBL comprises four EF domains and conserved PFPF motifs and is the site of binding with the NAF/FISL domain of CIPK to form a CBL-CIPK complex. In addition, we also performed a bibliometric analysis of the CIPK gene family of data extracted from the WoSCC. A total of 95 documents were retrieved, which had been published by 47 sources. The production over time was zigzagged. The top key terms were gene, CIPK, abiotic stress, and gene expression. Beijing Forestry University was the top affiliation, while The Plant Cell was the top source. The genomics and metabolomics of this gene family require more study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory Resistance Gene Engineering, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jin Yi-feng
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory Resistance Gene Engineering, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wang Yushu
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory Resistance Gene Engineering, Qiqihar, China
| | - Gao Yansong
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Wang Qi
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - You Xue
- College of Life Science, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
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Yu C, Ke Y, Qin J, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Wei H, Liu G, Lian B, Chen Y, Zhong F, Zhang J. Genome-wide identification of calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase gene family reveals members participating in abiotic stress in the ornamental woody plant Lagerstroemia indica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:942217. [PMID: 36204074 PMCID: PMC9530917 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play important roles in plant responses to stress. However, their function in the ornamental woody plant Lagerstroemia indica is remains unclear. In this study, the LiCIPK gene family was analyzed at the whole genome level. A total of 37 LiCIPKs, distributed across 17 chromosomes, were identified. Conserved motif analysis indicated that all LiCIPKs possess a protein kinase motif (S_TKc) and C-terminal regulatory motif (NAF), while seven LiCIPKs lack a protein phosphatase interaction (PPI) motif. 3D structure analysis further revealed that the N-terminal and C-terminal 3D-structure of 27 members are situated near to each other, while 4 members have a looser structure, and 6 members lack intact structures. The intra- and interspecies collinearity analysis, synonymous substitution rate (K s ) peaks of duplicated LiCIPKs, revealed that ∼80% of LiCIPKs were retained by the two whole genome duplication (WGD) events that occurred approximately 56.12-61.16 million year ago (MYA) and 16.24-26.34 MYA ago. The promoter of each LiCIPK contains a number of auxin, abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, salicylic acid, and drought, anaerobic, defense, stress, and wound responsive cis-elements. Of the 21 members that were successfully amplified by qPCR, 18 LiCIPKs exhibited different expression patterns under NaCl, mannitol, PEG8000, and ABA treatments. Given that LiCIPK30, the AtSOS2 ortholog, responded to all four types of stress it was selected for functional verification. LiCIPK30 complements the atsos2 phenotype in vivo. 35S:LiCIPK-overexpressing lines exhibit increased leaf area increment, chlorophyll a and b content, reactive oxygen species scavenging enzyme activity, and expression of ABF3 and RD22, while the degree of membrane lipid oxidation decreases under NaCl treatment compared to WT. The evolutionary history, and potential mechanism by which LiCIPK30 may regulate plant tolerance to salt stress were also discussed. In summary, we identified LiCIPK members involved in abiotic stress and found that LiCIPK30 transgenic Arabidopsis exhibits more salt and osmotic stress tolerance than WT. This research provides a theoretical foundation for further investigation into the function of LiCIPKs, and for mining gene resources to facilitate the cultivation and breeding of new L. indica varieties in coastal saline-alkali soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yongchao Ke
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jin Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yunpeng Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanchun Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hui Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guoyuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bolin Lian
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Noor I, Sohail H, Sun J, Nawaz MA, Li G, Hasanuzzaman M, Liu J. Heavy metal and metalloid toxicity in horticultural plants: Tolerance mechanism and remediation strategies. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135196. [PMID: 35659937 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal/metalloids (HMs) are among the primary soil pollutants that limit crop production worldwide. Plants grown in HM contaminated soils exhibit reduced growth and development, resulting in a decrease in crop production. The exposure to HMs induces plant oxidative stress due to the formation of free radicals, which alter plant morphophysiological and biochemical mechanisms at cellular and tissue levels. When exposed to HM toxicity, plants evolve sophisticated physiological and cellular defense strategies, such as sequestration and transportation of metals, to ensure their survival. Plants also have developed efficient strategies by activating signaling pathways, which induce the expression of HM transporters. Plants either avoid the uptake of HMs from the soil or activate the detoxifying mechanism to tolerate HM stress, which involves the production of antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) for the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. The metal-binding proteins including phytochelatins and metallothioneins also participate in metal detoxification. Furthermore, phytohormones and their signaling pathways also help to regulate cellular activities to counteract HM stress. The excessive levels of HMs in the soil can contribute to plant morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular alterations, which have a detrimental effect on the quality and productivity of crops. To maintain the commercial value of fruits and vegetables, various measures should be considered to remove HMs from the metal-polluted soils. Bioremediation is a promising approach that involves the use of tolerant microorganisms and plants to manage HMs pollution. The understanding of HM toxicity, signaling pathways, and tolerance mechanisms will facilitate the development of new crop varieties that help in improving phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Noor
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology-Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Hamza Sohail
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology-Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jingxian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology-Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Azher Nawaz
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Guohuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology-Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Junwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology-Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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Li H, Wang XH, Li Q, Xu P, Liu ZN, Xu M, Cui XY. GmCIPK21, a CBL-interacting protein kinase confers salt tolerance in soybean (Glycine max. L). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 184:47-55. [PMID: 35642834 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress severely affects plant development and yield. Calcineurin B-like protein interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental challenges. However, the biological functions of CIPKs in soybean remain poorly understood. Here, we identified GmCIPK21, a salt-responsive CIPK gene from soybean. Overexpression of GmCIPK21 in Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots led to increased salt tolerance. The hairy roots with GmCIPK21 suppression by RNA interference exhibited salt-sensitive phenotypes. Further physiological analysis revealed that GmCIPK21 reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes under salt stress. Additionally, GmCIPK21 was found to enhance the ABA sensitivity of transgenic plants. GmCIPK21 was also implicated in increasing the activation of antioxidant-, salt-, and ABA-related genes upon salt stress. Interestingly, GmCIPK21 interacted with GmCBL4, promoting the scavenging salt-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results collectively suggested that GmCIPK21 affects ROS homeostasis and ABA response to improve salt tolerance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China; Center for International Education, Philippine Christian University, 1004, Philippines.
| | - Xiao-Hua Wang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Ping Xu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Zhen-Ning Liu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Meng Xu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Cui
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
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10
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Xiaolin Z, Baoqiang W, Xian W, Xiaohong W. Identification of the CIPK-CBL family gene and functional characterization of CqCIPK14 gene under drought stress in quinoa. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:447. [PMID: 35710332 PMCID: PMC9204864 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcineurin-like Protein (CBL) and CBL interacting protein kinase (CIPK) play a key role in plant signal transduction and response to various environmental stimuli. Quinoa, as an important plant with high nutritional value, can meet the basic nutritional needs of human Cash crop, is also susceptible to abiotic stress. However, CBL-CIPK in quinoa have not been reported. Results In this study, 16 CBL and 41 CIPK genes were identified in quinoa. CBL-CIPK gene shows different intron-exon gene structure and motif, they participate in different biological processes, and form a complex regulatory network between CBL-CIPK proteins. Many cis-regulatory element associated with ABA and drought have been found. The expression patterns of CBL-CIPK showed different expression patterns in various abiotic stresses and tissues. RT-qPCR showed that most members of these two gene families were involved in drought regulation of quinoa, in particular, the expression levels of CqCIPK11, CqCIPK15, CqCIPK37 and CqCBL13 increased significantly under drought stress. Conclusions The structures and functions of the CBL-CIPK family in quinoa were systematically explored. Many CBL-CIPK may play vital roles in the regulation of organ development, growth, and responses to abiotic stresses. This research has great significance for the functional characterisation of the quinoa CBL-CIPK family and our understanding of the CBL-CIPK family in higher plants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08683-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Xiaolin
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wang Baoqiang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wang Xian
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wei Xiaohong
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. .,College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. .,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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New functions of CIPK gene family are continue to emerging. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6647-6658. [PMID: 35229240 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CIPK protein family is a key protein family in Ca2+ mediated plant signaling pathway, which plays an indispensable role in plant response to stress and development. Every gene in this family encodes specific proteins. They interact with calcium ion signals, make plants to deal with various stress or stimuli. This article mainly reviews the mechanism, positioning and physiological functions of the CIPK family in different species in recent years. According to our team's research, CIPK8 interacts with CBL5 to improve salt tolerance, and CIPK23 interacts with TGA1 to regulate nitrate uptake negatively in chrysanthemum. In addition, we discussed current limitations and future research directions. The article will enhance the understanding of the functional characteristics of the CIPK gene family under different stresses, provide insights for future breeding and the development of new crop varieties with enhanced stress tolerance.
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Ma R, Liu W, Li S, Zhu X, Yang J, Zhang N, Si H. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of the CIPK Gene Family in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) and the Role of StCIPK10 in Response to Drought and Osmotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413535. [PMID: 34948331 PMCID: PMC8708990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), one of the most important food crops worldwide, is sensitive to environmental stresses. Sensor–responder complexes comprising calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) not only modulate plant growth and development but also mediate numerous stress responses. Here, using a Hidden Markov Model and BLAST searches, 27 CIPK genes were identified in potato and divided into five groups by phylogenetic analysis and into two clades (intron-poor and intron-rich) by gene structure analysis. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assays revealed that StCIPK genes play important roles in plant growth, development and abiotic stress tolerance. Up-regulated expression of StCIPK10 was significantly induced by drought, PEG6000 and ABA. StCIPK10 enhances both the ability of potato to scavenge reactive oxygen species and the content of corresponding osmoregulation substances, thereby strengthening tolerance to drought and osmotic stress. StCIPK10 is located at the intersection between the abscisic acid and abiotic stress signaling pathways, which control both root growth and stomatal closure in potato. In addition, StCIPK10 interacts with StCBL1, StCBL4, StCBL6, StCBL7, StCBL8, StCBL11 and StCBL12, and is specifically recruited to the plasma membrane by StCBL11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (R.M.); (W.L.); (S.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi 743000, China
| | - Weigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (R.M.); (W.L.); (S.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shigui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (R.M.); (W.L.); (S.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (R.M.); (W.L.); (S.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.)
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiangwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (R.M.); (W.L.); (S.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (R.M.); (W.L.); (S.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (R.M.); (W.L.); (S.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (N.Z.)
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-931-763-1875
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13
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Plant Dehydrins: Expression, Regulatory Networks, and Protective Roles in Plants Challenged by Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312619. [PMID: 34884426 PMCID: PMC8657568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydrins, also known as Group II late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, are classic intrinsically disordered proteins, which have high hydrophilicity. A wide range of hostile environmental conditions including low temperature, drought, and high salinity stimulate dehydrin expression. Numerous studies have furnished evidence for the protective role played by dehydrins in plants exposed to abiotic stress. Furthermore, dehydrins play important roles in seed maturation and plant stress tolerance. Hence, dehydrins might also protect plasma membranes and proteins and stabilize DNA conformations. In the present review, we discuss the regulatory networks of dehydrin gene expression including the abscisic acid (ABA), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade, and Ca2+ signaling pathways. Crosstalk among these molecules and pathways may form a complex, diverse regulatory network, which may be implicated in regulating the same dehydrin.
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14
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Huang L, Li Z, Fu Q, Liang C, Liu Z, Liu Q, Pu G, Li J. Genome-Wide Identification of CBL-CIPK Gene Family in Honeysuckle ( Lonicera japonica Thunb.) and Their Regulated Expression Under Salt Stress. Front Genet 2021; 12:751040. [PMID: 34795693 PMCID: PMC8593244 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.751040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are a unique group of Ca2+ sensors that decode Ca2+ signals by activating a family of plant-specific protein kinases known as CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). CBL-CIPK gene families and their interacting complexes are involved in regulating plant responses to various environmental stimuli. To gain insight into the functional divergence of CBL-CIPK genes in honeysuckle, a total of six LjCBL and 17 LjCIPK genes were identified. The phylogenetic analysis along with the gene structure analysis divided both CBL and CBL-interacting protein kinase genes into four subgroups and validated by the distribution of conserved protein motifs. The 3-D structure prediction of proteins shown that most LjCBLs shared the same Protein Data Bank hit 1uhnA and most LjCIPKs shared the 6c9Da. Analysis of cis-acting elements and gene ontology implied that both LjCBL and LjCIPK genes could be involved in hormone signal responsiveness and stress adaptation. Protein-protein interaction prediction suggested that LjCBL4 is hypothesized to interact with LjCIPK7/9/15/16 and SOS1/NHX1. Gene expression analysis in response to salinity stress revealed that LjCBL2/4, LjCIPK1/15/17 under all treatments gradually increased over time until peak expression at 72 h. These results demonstrated the conservation of salt overly sensitive pathway genes in honeysuckle and a model of Ca2+-LjCBL4/LjSOS3-LjCIPK16/LjSOS2 module-mediated salt stress signaling in honeysuckle is proposed. This study provides insight into the characteristics of the CBL-CIPK gene families involved in honeysuckle salt stress responses, which could serve as a foundation for gene transformation technology, to obtain highly salt-tolerant medicinal plants in the context of the global reduction of cultivated land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingxia Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Conglian Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Gaobin Pu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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15
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Chen P, Yang J, Mei Q, Liu H, Cheng Y, Ma F, Mao K. Genome-Wide Analysis of the Apple CBL Family Reveals That Mdcbl10.1 Functions Positively in Modulating Apple Salt Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212430. [PMID: 34830311 PMCID: PMC8624107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses are increasingly harmful to crop yield and quality. Calcium and its signaling pathway play an important role in modulating plant stress tolerance. As specific Ca2+ sensors, calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins play vital roles in plant stress response and calcium signaling. The CBL family has been identified in many plant species; however, the characterization of the CBL family and the functional study of apple MdCBL proteins in salt response have yet to be conducted in apple. In this study, 11 MdCBL genes were identified from the apple genome. The coding sequences of these MdCBL genes were cloned, and the gene structure and conserved motifs were analyzed in detail. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that these MdCBL proteins could be divided into four groups. The functional identification in Na+-sensitive yeast mutant showed that the overexpression of seven MdCBL genes could confer enhanced salt stress resistance in transgenic yeast. The function of MdCBL10.1 in regulating salt tolerance was also verified in cisgenic apple calli and apple plants. These results provided valuable insights for future research examining the function and mechanism of CBL proteins in regulating apple salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ke Mao
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (K.M.)
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16
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Duan Z, Tian S, Yang G, Wei M, Li J, Yang F. The Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor SmbHLH1 Represses Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Eggplant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:757936. [PMID: 34868152 PMCID: PMC8633956 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.757936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Many basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors (TFs) have been reported to promote anthocyanin biosynthesis in numerous plant species, but little is known about bHLH TFs that inhibit anthocyanin accumulation. In this study, SmbHLH1 from Solanum melongena was identified as a negative regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, SmbHLH1 showed high identity with SmTT8, which acts as a SmMYB113-dependent positive regulator of anthocyanin-biosynthesis in plants. Overexpression of SmbHLH1 in eggplant caused a dramatic decrease in anthocyanin accumulation. Only the amino acid sequences at the N and C termini of SmbHLH1 differed from the SmTT8 sequence. Expression analysis revealed that the expression pattern of SmbHLH1 was opposite to that of anthocyanin accumulation. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that SmbHLH1 could not interact with SmMYB113. Dual-luciferase assay demonstrated that SmbHLH1 directly repressed the expression of SmDFR and SmANS. Our results demonstrate that the biological function of bHLHs in anthocyanin biosynthesis may have evolved and provide new insight into the molecular functions of orthologous genes from different plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Shiyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Guobin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Facility Agricultural Engineering (Huang-Huai-Hai Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, Tai’an, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, Tai’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong, China
| | - Fengjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production With High Quality and Efficiency, Tai’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong, China
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17
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Brindha C, Vasantha S, Raja AK, Tayade AS. Characterization of the Salt Overly Sensitive pathway genes in sugarcane under salinity stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:677-687. [PMID: 33063359 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway is a crucial ion homeostasis process in crop plants trafficking excess Na+ ions for elimination/sequestration. The SOS pathway genes SOS1 (Na+ /H+ antiporter), SOS2 (CIPK), and SOS3 (CBL) associated with ion homeostasis were isolated and characterized in the sugarcane clone Co 85019. The isolated genes had a coding region of 1086, 904, and 636 bp, respectively. A nucleotide blast analysis of the isolated SOS gene sequences showed strong similarity with previous genes found to be involved in the active functioning of the SOS pathway for ion homeostasis conferring salinity tolerance in sugarcane. The analysis of tissue specific gene expression of the identified SOS genes revealed a significant linear increase in the leaves under the first 96 h of salt stress (2.5- to 21.6-fold) in the tolerant genotype Co 85019, while the expression in the roots showed a linear increase up to 48 h and thereafter a gradual decline. The expression of SOS genes in the susceptible genotype (Co 97010) was significantly lower than in the tolerant genotype. Tissue ion content analysis also revealed a differential accumulation of Na+ and K+ ions in the contrasting sugarcane genotypes (Co 85019 and Co 97010) and this corroborates the varied expressions of SOS genes between the tolerant and susceptible varieties under salinity. Genome-wide analysis of identified SOS family genes showed the homologs in Saccharum complex members, Sorghum bicolor and Zea mays, and this verifies a close genetic similarity among these genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnasamy Brindha
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Arun K Raja
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India
| | - Arjun S Tayade
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India
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18
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Su W, Ren Y, Wang D, Huang L, Fu X, Ling H, Su Y, Huang N, Tang H, Xu L, Que Y. New insights into the evolution and functional divergence of the CIPK gene family in Saccharum. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:868. [PMID: 33287700 PMCID: PMC7720545 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are the primary components of calcium sensors, and play crucial roles in plant developmental processes, hormone signaling transduction, and in the response to exogenous stresses. Results In this study, 48 CIPK genes (SsCIPKs) were identified from the genome of Saccharum spontaneum. Phylogenetic reconstruction suggested that the SsCIPK gene family may have undergone six gene duplication events from the last common ancestor (LCA) of SsCIPKs. Whole-genome duplications (WGDs) served as the driving force for the amplification of SsCIPKs. The Nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution ratio (Ka/Ks) analysis showed that the duplicated genes were possibly under strong purifying selection pressure. The divergence time of these duplicated genes had an average duplication time of approximately 35.66 Mya, suggesting that these duplication events occurred after the divergence of the monocots and eudicots (165 Mya). The evolution of gene structure analysis showed that the SsCIPK family genes may involve intron losses. Ten ScCIPK genes were amplified from sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids). The results of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that these ten ScCIPK genes had different expression patterns under abscisic acid (ABA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and sodium chloride (NaCl) stresses. Prokaryotic expression implied that the recombinant proteins of ScCIPK3, − 15 and − 17 could only slightly enhance growth under salinity stress conditions, but the ScCIPK21 did not. Transient N. benthamiana plants overexpressing ScCIPKs demonstrated that the ScCIPK genes were involved in responding to external stressors through the ethylene synthesis pathway as well as to bacterial infections. Conclusions In generally, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of evolutionary relationship, gene structure, motif composition, and gene duplications of SsCIPK family genes were performed in S. spontaneum. The functional study of expression patterns in sugarcane and allogenic expressions in E. coli and N. benthamiana showed that ScCIPKs played various roles in response to different stresses. Thus, these results improve our understanding of the evolution of the CIPK gene family in sugarcane as well as provide a basis for in-depth functional studies of CIPK genes in sugarcane. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07264-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yongjuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dongjiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Long Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xueqin Fu
- Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hui Ling
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yachun Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hanchen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Youxiong Que
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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19
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Su Y, Guo A, Huang Y, Wang Y, Hua J. GhCIPK6a increases salt tolerance in transgenic upland cotton by involving in ROS scavenging and MAPK signaling pathways. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:421. [PMID: 32928106 PMCID: PMC7488661 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02548-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salt stress is one of the most damaging abiotic stresses in production of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Upland cotton is defined as a medium salt-tolerant crop. Salinity hinders root development, shoots growth, and reduces the fiber quality. RESULTS Our previous study verified a GhCIPK6a gene response to salt stress in G. hirsutum. The homologs of GhCIPK6a were analyzed in A2 (G. arboreum), D5 (G. raimondii), and AD1 (G. hirsutum) genomes. GhCIPK6a localized to the vacuole and cell membrane. The GhCBL1-GhCIPK6a and GhCBL8-GhCIPK6a complexes localized to the nucleus and cytomembrane. Overexpression of GhCIPK6a enhanced expression levels of co-expressed genes induced by salt stress, which scavenged ROS and involved in MAPK signaling pathways verified by RNA-seq analysis. Water absorption capacity and cell membrane stability of seeds from GhCIPK6a overexpressed lines was higher than that of wild-type seeds during imbibed germination stage. The seed germination rates and seedling field emergence percentages of GhCIPK6a overexpressed lines were higher than that of control line under salt stress. Moreover, overexpressing of GhCIPK6a in cotton increased lint percentage, and fiber length uniformity under salt stress. CONCLUSIONS We verified the function of GhCIPK6a by transformation and RNA-seq analysis. GhCIPK6a overexpressed lines exhibited higher tolerance to abiotic stresses, which functioned by involving in ROS scavenging and MAPK pathways. Therefore, GhCIPK6a has the potential for cotton breeding to improve stress-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- Laboratory of Cotton Genetics; Genomics and Breeding / Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education /Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Anhui Guo
- Laboratory of Cotton Genetics; Genomics and Breeding / Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education /Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yi Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062 Hubei China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Research Institute of Cash Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 Hubei China
| | - Jinping Hua
- Laboratory of Cotton Genetics; Genomics and Breeding / Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education /Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2, Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193 China
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20
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Yang Y, Liu J, Zhou X, Liu S, Zhuang Y. Identification of WRKY gene family and characterization of cold stress-responsive WRKY genes in eggplant. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8777. [PMID: 32211240 PMCID: PMC7083166 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND WRKY proteins play a vital role in the plants response to different stresses, growth and development. Studies of WRKY proteins have been mainly focused on model plant Arabidopsis and a few other vegetable plants. However, the systematical study of eggplant WRKY transcription factor superfamily is scarce. METHODS Bioinformatics has been used to identify and characterize the eggplant WRKY gene family. For the exploration of the differentially expressed WRKY genes, two cultivars with different cold-tolerance were used. Finally, we performed a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiment to verify the functions of SmWRKY26 and SmWRKY32. RESULTS Fifty eight (58) genes encoding eggplant WRKY proteins were identified through searching the eggplant genome. Eggplant WRKY proteins could be classified into three groups or seven subgroups in accordance with other plants. WRKY variants were identified from the eggplant. Gene structure analysis showed that the number of intron in eggplant WRKY family was from 0 to 11, with an average of 4.4. Conserved motif analysis suggested that WRKY DNA-binding domain was conserved in eggplant WRKY proteins. Furthermore, RNA-seq data showed that WRKY genes were differentially expressed in eggplant response to cold stress. By using VIGS, the two differentially expressed genes-SmWRKY26 and SmWRKY32 were verified in response to cold stress. DISCUSSIONS This study provides a foundation for further exploring the functions of WRKY proteins in eggplant response to stresses and eggplant genetic improvement in stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Songyu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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21
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Su W, Huang L, Ling H, Mao H, Huang N, Su Y, Ren Y, Wang D, Xu L, Muhammad K, Que Y. Sugarcane calcineurin B-like (CBL) genes play important but versatile roles in regulation of responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:167. [PMID: 31932662 PMCID: PMC6957512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Free calcium ions are common second messengers in plant cells. The calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) is a special calcium sensor that plays an important role in plant growth and stress response. In this study, we obtained three CBL genes (GenBank accession nos. KX013374, KX013375, and KX013376) from sugarcane variety ROC22. The open reading frames of ScCBL genes ranged from 642 to 678 base pairs in length and encoded polypeptides from 213 to 225 amino acids in length. ScCBL2-1, ScCBL3-1, and ScCBL4 were all located in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. ScCBL2-1 and ScCBL3-1 expression was up-regulated by treatment with salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium chloride (NaCl), or copper chloride (CuCl2). ScCBL4 expression was down-regulated in response to all of these stresses (abscisic acid (ABA), SA, MeJA, and NaCl) except for H2O2, calcium chloride (CaCl2), PEG, and CuCl2. Expression in Escherichia coli BL21 cells showed that ScCBLs can enhance tolerance to NaCl or copper stress. Overexpression of ScCBLs in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves promoted their resistance to infection with the tobacco pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. The results from the present study facilitate further research regarding ScCBL genes, and in particular, their roles in the response to various stresses in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Long Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hui Ling
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Huaying Mao
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yachun Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yongjuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dongjiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Khushi Muhammad
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Youxiong Que
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Ministry of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane Industry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
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22
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Zhang Y, Zhou X, Liu S, Yu A, Yang C, Chen X, Liu J, Wang A. Identification and Functional Analysis of Tomato CIPK Gene Family. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E110. [PMID: 31877938 PMCID: PMC6981861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase (CIPK) protein family is a critical protein family in plant signaling pathways mediated by Ca2+, playing a pivotal role in plant stress response and growth. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study of the tomato CIPK gene family in response to abiotic stress has been reported. In this study, 22 members of the tomato CIPK gene family were successfully identified by using a combination of bioinformatics techniques and molecular analyses. The expression level of each member of tomato CIPK gene family under abiotic stress (low temperature, high salt, drought treatment) was determined by qRT-PCR. Results indicated that tomato CIPK demonstrated different degrees of responding to various abiotic stresses, and changes in SlCIPK1 and SlCIPK8 expression level were relatively apparent. The results of qRT-PCR showed that expression levels of SlCIPK1 increased significantly in early stages of cold stress, and the expression level of SlCIPK8 increased significantly during the three treatments at different time points, implicating Solanum lycopersicum CIPK1(SlCIPK1) and Solanum lycopersicum CIPK8 (SlCIPK8) involvement in abiotic stress response. SlCIPK1 and SlCIPK8 were silenced using Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), and physiological indexes were detected by low temperature, drought, and high salt treatment. The results showed that plants silenced by SlCIPK1 and SlCIPK8 at the later stage of cold stress were significantly less resistant to cold than wild-type plants. SlCIPK1 and SlCIPK8 silenced plants had poor drought resistance, indicating a relationship between SlCIPK1 and SlCIPK8 with response to low temperature and drought resistance. This is the first study to uncover the nucleotide sequence for tomato CIPK family members and systematically study the changes of tomato CIPK family members under abiotic stress. Here, we investigate the CIPK family's response under abiotic stress providing understanding into the signal transduction pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the function of tomato CIPK at low temperature and its molecular mechanism of regulating low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (A.Y.)
| | - Xi’nan Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (A.Y.)
| | - Siyuan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, China;
| | - Anzhou Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (A.Y.)
| | - Chuanming Yang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Xiuling Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Jiayin Liu
- College of Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (X.Z.); (A.Y.)
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
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23
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Aslam M, Fakher B, Jakada BH, Zhao L, Cao S, Cheng Y, Qin Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of CBL-CIPK Gene Family in Pineapple ( Ananas comosus) and the Role of AcCBL1 in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Response. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9070293. [PMID: 31330847 PMCID: PMC6681290 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ serves as a ubiquitous second messenger regulating several aspects of plant growth and development. A group of unique calcium sensor proteins, calcineurin B-like (CBL), interact with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) to decode the Ca2+ signature inside the cell. Although CBL-CIPK signaling toolkit has been shown to play significant roles in the responses to numerous stresses in different plants, the information about pineapple CBL-CIPK remains obscure. In the present study, a total of eight AcCBL and 21 AcCIPK genes were identified genome-wide in pineapple. The identified genes were renamed on the basis of gene ID in ascending order and phylogenetic analysis divided into five groups. Transcriptomic data analysis showed that AcCBL and AcCIPK genes were expressed differentially in different tissues. Further, the expression analysis of AcCBL1 in different tissues showed significant changes under various abiotic stimuli. Additionally, the ectopic expression of AcCBL1 in Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced tolerance to salinity, osmotic, and fungal stress. The present study revealed the crucial contribution of the CBL-CIPK gene in various biological and physiological processes in pineapple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Beenish Fakher
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Bello Hassan Jakada
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Life Science College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shijiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
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24
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Aslam M, Fakher B, Anandhan S, Pande V, Ahmed Z, Qin Y. Ectopic Expression of Cold Responsive LlaCIPK Gene Enhances Cold Stress Tolerance in Nicotiana tabacum. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E446. [PMID: 31212842 PMCID: PMC6627969 DOI: 10.3390/genes10060446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature stress severely affects the growth, development, and geographical distribution of various crop plants, resulting in significant economic loss to producers. In a quest to identify cold-regulated genes, we constructed a cDNA suppression subtractive library from a high altitude adapted ecotype of Lepidium. We cloned a cold-induced gene LlaCIPK from the subtracted cDNA library which gave homology to Arabidopsis CIPK15 gene. The predicted 3D structure of LlaCIPK protein also showed homology with Arabidopsis CIPK protein. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis in Lepidium seedlings exposed to 6 h of cold stress shows a 3-fold increase in the expression of LlaCIPK transcript. The expression of LlaCIPK was also differentially regulated by ethylene, CaCl2, ABA, and SA treatments. Ethylene and CaCl2 treatments up regulated LlaCIPK expression, whereas ABA and SA treatments down regulated the LlaCIPK expression. Transgenic plants overexpressing LlaCIPK gene under constitutive promoter show an increased level of proline and cell membrane stability. Taken together, our results suggest that the LlaCIPK contributes to the cold-response pathway in Lepidium plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Beenish Fakher
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | | | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaon University Bhimtal Campus, Bhimtal 263136, India.
| | - Zakwan Ahmed
- Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research, Goraparao, Haldwani 263139, India.
| | - Yuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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25
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Suratanee A, Chokrathok C, Chutimanukul P, Khrueasan N, Buaboocha T, Chadchawan S, Plaimas K. Two-State Co-Expression Network Analysis to Identify Genes Related to Salt Tolerance in Thai rice. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E594. [PMID: 30501128 PMCID: PMC6316690 DOI: 10.3390/genes9120594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) rice is one of the most important crops of Thailand. It is a challenging task to identify the genes responding to salinity in KDML105 rice. The analysis of the gene co-expression network has been widely performed to prioritize significant genes, in order to select the key genes in a specific condition. In this work, we analyzed the two-state co-expression networks of KDML105 rice under salt-stress and normal grown conditions. The clustering coefficient was applied to both networks and exhibited significantly different structures between the salt-stress state network and the original (normal-grown) network. With higher clustering coefficients, the genes that responded to the salt stress formed a dense cluster. To prioritize and select the genes responding to the salinity, we investigated genes with small partners under normal conditions that were highly expressed and were co-working with many more partners under salt-stress conditions. The results showed that the genes responding to the abiotic stimulus and relating to the generation of the precursor metabolites and energy were the great candidates, as salt tolerant marker genes. In conclusion, in the case of the complexity of the environmental conditions, gaining more information in order to deal with the co-expression network provides better candidates for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apichat Suratanee
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok 10800, Thailand.
| | - Chidchanok Chokrathok
- Advanced Virtual and Intelligent Computing (AVIC) Center, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Panita Chutimanukul
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | | | - Teerapong Buaboocha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Supachitra Chadchawan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Kitiporn Plaimas
- Advanced Virtual and Intelligent Computing (AVIC) Center, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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26
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Zhang Y, Lv Y, Jahan N, Chen G, Ren D, Guo L. Sensing of Abiotic Stress and Ionic Stress Responses in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3298. [PMID: 30352959 PMCID: PMC6275032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants need to cope with complex environments throughout their life cycle. Abiotic stresses, including drought, cold, salt and heat, can cause a reduction in plant growth and loss of crop yield. Plants sensing stress signals and adapting to adverse environments are fundamental biological problems. We review the stress sensors in stress sensing and the responses, and then discuss ionic stress signaling and the responses. During ionic stress, the calcineurin B-like proteins (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CBL-CIPK) complex is identified as a primary element of the calcium sensor for perceiving environmental signals. The CBL-CIPK system shows specificity and variety in its response to different stresses. Obtaining a deeper understanding of stress signaling and the responses will mitigate or solve crop yield crises in extreme environments with fast-growing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Yang Lv
- State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Noushin Jahan
- State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Lab for Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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27
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Pan W, Shen J, Zheng Z, Yan X, Shou J, Wang W, Jiang L, Pan J. Overexpression of the Tibetan Plateau annual wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) HsCIPKs enhances rice tolerance to heavy metal toxicities and other abiotic stresses. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:51. [PMID: 30209684 PMCID: PMC6135728 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) signaling system plays a key regulatory role in plant stress signaling. The roles of plant-specific CIPKs, essential for CBL-CIPK functions, in the response to various abiotic stresses have been extensively studied so far. However, until now, the possible roles of the CIPKs in the plant response to heavy metal toxicities are largely unknown. RESULTS In this study, we used bioinformatic and molecular strategies to isolate 12 HsCIPK genes in Tibetan Plateau annual wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch) and subsequently identified their functional roles in the response to heavy metal toxicities. The results showed that multiple HsCIPKs were transcriptionally regulated by heavy metal toxicities (e.g., Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Cu) and other abiotic stresses (e.g., salt, drought, aluminum, low and high temperature, and abscisic acid). Furthermore, the ectopic overexpression of each HsCIPK in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Nipponbare) showed that transgenic plants of multiple HsCIPKs displayed enhanced tolerance of root growth to heavy metal toxicities (Hg, Cd, Cr, and Cu), salt and drought stresses. These results suggest that HsCIPKs are involved in the response to heavy metal toxicities and other abiotic stresses. CONCLUSIONS Tibetan Plateau annual wild barley HsCIPKs possess broad applications in genetically engineering of rice with tolerance to heavy metal toxicities and other abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihuai Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinqiu Shen
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongzhong Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianxin Shou
- College of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianwei Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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28
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Tani E, Kizis D, Markellou E, Papadakis I, Tsamadia D, Leventis G, Makrogianni D, Karapanos I. Cultivar-Dependent Responses of Eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) to Simultaneous Verticillium dahliae Infection and Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1181. [PMID: 30150998 PMCID: PMC6099113 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Several studies regarding the imposition of stresses simultaneously in plants have shown that plant responses are different under individual and combined stress. Pathogen infection in combination with drought can act both additively and antagonistically, suggesting a tailored-made plant response to these stresses. The aforementioned combination of stresses can be considered as one of the most important factors affecting global crop production. In the present research we studied eggplant responses to simultaneous Verticillium dahliae infection and drought with respect to the application of the individual stresses alone and investigated the extent to which these responses were cultivar dependent. Two eggplant cultivars (Skoutari and EMI) with intermediate resistance to V. dahliae were subjected to combined stress for a 3-week period. Significant differences in plant growth, several physiological and biochemical parameters (photosynthesis rate, leaf gas exchanges, Malondialdehyde, Proline) and gene expression, were found between plants subjected to combined and individual stresses. Furthermore, plant growth and molecular (lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, gene expression levels) changes highlight a clear discrimination between the two cultivars in response to simultaneous V. dahliae infection and drought. Our results showed that combined stress affects significantly plants responses compared to the application of individual stresses alone and that these responses are cultivar dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Tani
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimosthenis Kizis
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Phytopathology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Emilia Markellou
- Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Phytopathology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papadakis
- Laboratory of Pomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Tsamadia
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Leventis
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Makrogianni
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Karapanos
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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29
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Gao Z, Li Q, Li J, Chen Y, Luo M, Li H, Wang J, Wu Y, Duan S, Wang L, Song S, Xu W, Zhang C, Wang S, Ma C. Characterization of the ABA Receptor VlPYL1 That Regulates Anthocyanin Accumulation in Grape Berry Skin. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:592. [PMID: 29868057 PMCID: PMC5968127 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ABA plays a crucial role in controlling several ripening-associated processes in grape berries. The soluble proteins named as PYR (pyrabactin resistant)/PYL (PYR-like)/RCAR (regulatory component of ABA receptor) family have been characterized as ABA receptors. Here, the function of a grape PYL1 encoding gene involved in the response to ABA was verified through heterologous expression. The expression level of VlPYL1 was highest in grape leaf and fruit tissues of the cultivar Kyoho, and the expression of VlPYL1 was increased during fruit development and showed a reduction in ripe berries. Over-expression of VlPYL1 enhances ABA sensitivity in Arabidopsis. Using the transient overexpression technique, the VlPYL1 gene was over-expressed in grape berries. Up-regulation of the VlPYL1 gene not only promoted anthocyanin accumulation but also induced a set of ABA-responsive gene transcripts, including ABF2 and BG3. Although tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was not successfully applied in the "Kyoho" grape, the application of the transient overexpression technique in grape fruit could be used as a novel tool for studying grape fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujin Chen
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyuan Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yusen Wu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyan Duan
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiren Song
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixi Zhang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Wang Y, Li T, John SJ, Chen M, Chang J, Yang G, He G. A CBL-interacting protein kinase TaCIPK27 confers drought tolerance and exogenous ABA sensitivity in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 123:103-113. [PMID: 29227949 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major environmental stresses to plants. The calcium sensor, calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins, and their interacting protein kinases (CIPK) play important roles in responding to abiotic stresses. In this study, we functionally characterized a CIPK gene from Triticum aestivum designated TaCIPK27. The transcriptional levels of TaCIPK27 were increased both in roots and leaves after treatment with polyethylene glycol 8000, abscisic acid and H2O2. Besides, TaCIPK27 interacted with AtCBL1, AtCBL3, AtCBL4, AtCBL5 and AtCBL9 in yeast two-hybrid assays. Ectopic overexpression of TaCIPK27 positively regulates drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis compared with controls, which was demonstrated by seed germination and survival rates experiments, as well as the detection of physiological indices including ion leakage, malonic dialdehyde and H2O2 contents and antioxidant enzyme activities under normal and drought conditions. Moreover, higher concentration of endogenous abscisic acid was detected under drought in TaCIPK27 transgenic plants. In addition, TaCIPK27 transgenic plants were more sensitive to exogenous abscisic acid treatment at seed germination and seedling stage. The expression levels of somedrought stress and abscisic acid related genes were up-regulated in TaCIPK27 transgenic plants. The results suggest that TaCIPK27 functions as a positive regulator under drought partly in an ABA-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Tingting Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Shanita Judith John
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Mingjie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Junli Chang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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31
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Lu T, Zhang G, Sun L, Wang J, Hao F. Genome-wide identification of CBL family and expression analysis of CBLs in response to potassium deficiency in cotton. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3653. [PMID: 28828254 PMCID: PMC5560230 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins, as calcium sensors, play pivotal roles in plant responses to diverse abiotic stresses and in growth and development through interaction with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). However, knowledge about functions and evolution of CBLs in Gossypium plants is scarce. Here, we conducted a genome-wide survey and identified 13, 13 and 22 CBL genes in the progenitor diploid Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium raimondii, and the cultivated allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum, respectively. Analysis of physical properties, chromosomal locations, conserved domains and phylogeny indicated rather conserved nature of CBLs among the three Gossypium species. Moreover, these CBLs have closer genetic evolutionary relationship with the CBLs from cocoa than with those from other plants. Most CBL genes underwent evolution under purifying selection in the three Gossypium plants. Additionally, nearly all G. hirsutum CBL (GhCBL) genes were expressed in the root, stem, leaf, flower and fiber. Many GhCBLs were preferentially expressed in the flower while several GhCBLs were mainly expressed in roots. Expression patterns of GhCBL genes in response to potassium deficiency were also studied. The expression of most GhCBLs were moderately induced in roots after treatments with low-potassium stress. Yeast two-hybrid experiments indicated that GhCBL1-2, GhCBL1-3, GhCBL4-4, GhCBL8, GhCBL9 and GhCBL10-3 interacted with GhCIPK23, respectively. Our results provided a comprehensive view of the CBLs and valuable information for researchers to further investigate the roles and functional mechanisms of the CBLs in Gossypium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Lirong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Ji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Fushun Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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32
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Yin X, Wang Q, Chen Q, Xiang N, Yang Y, Yang Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Analysis of the Calcineurin B-like Protein and Calcineurin B-like Protein-Interacting Protein Kinase Gene Families in Turnip ( Brassica rapa var. rapa). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1191. [PMID: 28736570 PMCID: PMC5500646 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) complex has been identified as a primary component in calcium sensors that perceives various stress signals. Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa) has been widely cultivated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for a century as a food crop of worldwide economic significance. These CBL-CIPK complexes have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in plant response to various environmental stresses. However, no report is available on the genome-wide characterization of these two gene families in turnip. In the present study, 19 and 51 members of the BrrCBL and BrrCIPK genes, respectively, are first identified in turnip and phylogenetically grouped into three and two distinct clusters, respectively. The expansion of these two gene families is mainly attributable to segmental duplication. Moreover, the differences in expression patterns in quantitative real-time PCR, as well as interaction profiles in the yeast two-hybrid assay, suggest the functional divergence of paralog genes during long-term evolution in turnip. Overexpressing and complement lines in Arabidopsis reveal that BrrCBL9.2 improves, but BrrCBL9.1 does not affect, salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. Thus, the expansion of the BrrCBL and BrrCIPK gene families enables the functional differentiation and evolution of some new gene functions of paralog genes. These paralog genes then play prominent roles in turnip's adaptation to the adverse environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Overall, the study results contribute to our understanding of the functions of the CBL-CIPK complex and provide basis for selecting appropriate genes for the in-depth functional studies of BrrCBL-BrrCIPK in turnip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Qiuli Wang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan UniversityKunming, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
| | - Yunqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yunqiang Yang
| | - Yongping Yang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of ScienceKunming, China
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at Kunming, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, China
- Yongping Yang
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