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Abasubong KP, Jiang GZ, Guo HX, Wang X, Huang YY, Li XF, Yan-Zou D, Liu WB, Desouky HE. Effects of a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet on appetite regulation and central AMPK in the hypothalamus of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:480-492. [PMID: 38014877 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy changes and controls food intake. This study investigates the effect of a high-calorie diet (high fat diet [HFD], high carbohydrate diet [HCD] and high energy diet [HED]) on appetite and central AMPK in blunt snout bream. In the present study, fish (average initial weight 45.84 ± 0.07 g) were fed the control, HFD, HCD and HED in four replicates for 12 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, the result showed that body mass index, specific growth rate, feed efficiency ratio and feed intake were not affected (p > 0.05) by dietary treatment. However, fish fed the HFD obtained a significantly higher (p < 0.05) lipid productive value, lipid gain and lipid intake than those fed the control diet, but no significant difference was attributed to others. Also, a significantly higher (p < 0.05) energy intake content was found in fish-fed HFD, HCD and HED than those given the control diet. Long-term HFD and HCD feeding significantly increased (p < 0.05) plasma glucose, glycated serum protein, advanced glycation end product, insulin and leptin content levels than the control group. Moreover, a significantly lower (p < 0.05) complex 1, 2 and 3 content was found in fish-fed HFD and HCD than in the control, but no differences (p > 0.05) were attributed to those in HED. Fish-fed HED significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) hypothalamic ampα 1 and ampα 2 expression, whereas the opposite trend was observed in the hypothalamic mammalian target of rapamycin than those in HFD and HCD compared to the control. However, hypothalamic neuropeptide y, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (pparα), acetyl-coa oxidase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) in the HCD group, while the opposite was seen in cholecystokinin expression compared to those in the control group. Our findings indicated that the central AMPK signal pathway and appetite were modulated according to the diet's energy level to regulate nutritional status and maintain energy homoeostasis in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Prudence Abasubong
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Zhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yan-Zou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hesham Eed Desouky
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Explore the Role of the rs1801133-PPARG Pathway in the H-type Hypertension. PPAR Res 2022; 2022:2054876. [PMID: 35356087 PMCID: PMC8958104 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2054876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both rs1801133 mutation on Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma (PPARG) have been associated with plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and hypertension. However, their role in H-type hypertension remains unclear. In this study, we first tested the association between rs1801133 genotypes and Hcy level in H-type hypertension using clinical profiles collected from 203 patients before and after the treatment using enalapril maleate and folic acid tablets (EMFAT). Then, we constructed a literature-based pathway analysis to explore the role of the rs1801133-PPARG signaling pathway in H-type hypertension and its treatment. Although presented similar blood pressure, the patients with TT genotype of rs1801133 were much younger (
value <0.05) and significantly higher in Hcy levels (
and
) than that in the CC and CT genotype groups. Pathway analysis showed that T-allele of rs1801133 could inhibit the expression of PPARG through the downregulation of folate levels and upregulation of Hcy levels, which increased the risk of hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia. Treatment using EMFAT led to similarly decreased Hcy levels for all patients with different genotypes (
;
), which may occur partially through the activation of PPARG. Moreover, even after treatment, the patients with TT genotype still presented significantly higher Hcy levels (
and
). Our results supported that rs1801133 mutation could play a role in H-type hypertension, which might be partially through the downregulation of PPARG. Moreover, PPARG might also be involved in treating H-type hypertension using EMFAT.
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Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is involved in adapting metabolism to environmental challenges by various mechanisms, including the control of gene expression by epigenetic and post-translational changes of transcription factors. Though a metabolic syndrome candidate gene, association studies of its common polymorphism rs1801133 (MTHFR-Ala222Val) remain inconclusive with important ethnic differences, and the effect on disease progression was not addressed.
Methods: 307 middle-aged metabolic syndrome patients in a central Romanian hospital setting were investigated metabolically, and genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Disease progression was assessed by the age of onset of metabolic components, as well as development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerotic complications.
Results: The minor allele frequency of rs1801133 was 30.13%. Metabolic parameters showed no statistically significant differences according to genotype, but variant carriers developed dysglycemia and dyslipidemia earlier (53.28±10.8 vs 59.44±9.31 years, p<0.05 and 58.57±11.31 vs 64.72±10.6 years, p<0.1).While the polymorphism did not influence hepatic complications, an inverse association was found for manifest atherosclerosis (OR=0.49, p=0.006, 95%CI:0.29-0.81), which may be folate-status dependent, and needs further investigations. Simultaneous analysis with transcription factor polymorphisms (rs1801282, rs8192678) showed that the more protective genotypes were present the later metabolic disturbances developed, and in the presence of the other two variants the apparent protective cardiovascular effect disappeared.
Conclusions: The common functional polymorphism rs1801133 may influence metabolic syndrome progression, the age of onset of components and development of atherosclerotic complications. Besides simple additive effects, complex mitigating and aggravating variant interactions may exist, and the protective or predisposing outcome may depend on modifiable environmental factors.
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Determinants of hyperhomocysteinemia in healthy and hypertensive subjects: A population-based study and systematic review. Clin Nutr 2016; 36:1215-1230. [PMID: 27908565 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is known to increase the risk of many diseases. Factors influencing HHcy in healthy and hypertensive subjects remain under-researched. METHODS A large population-based study was conducted in 60 communities from Shenzhen, China. Responses to standardized questions on lifestyle factors and blood samples were collected from all participants after a 12-h overnight fast. Multiple linear and multivariate logistic regressions were used to explore risk factors for HHcy. Results were then compared to those from a systematic review of English-language articles listed in Pubmed, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane libraries that investigated HHcy risk factors in healthy and hypertensive subjects. RESULTS A total of 1586 healthy (Male/Female = 642/944) and 5935 hypertensive subjects (Male/Female = 2928/3007) participated in our population-based study. In logistic regression analyses, age, BMI and creatinine (Cr) were risk factors, while being female, fruit intake and physical activity were protective factors for HHcy in healthy subjects. In hypertensive subjects, seven [age, smoking, salt intake, systolic blood pressure (SBP), uric acid, triglycerides (TG), and Cr] and four [female, fruit intake, total cholesterol (TC), and glucose] factors were associated with higher and lower HHcy respectively. The review of 71 studies revealed that potential risk factors for Hcy included nutritional, physiologic, lifestyle habits, ethnicity, genetics, interactions between gene-environment, gene-gene, gene-nutritional, environment-environment, nutritional-nutritional. CONCLUSION Our study indicates the potential importance of increasing folic acid and vitamin B supplementation, daily fruit and vegetable intake, regular exercise and refraining from tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption as preventive strategies for Hcy.
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Zhang XDE, Li YT, Yang SY, Li W. Meta-analysis on MTHFR polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility in East Asian populations. Biomed Rep 2013; 1:440-446. [PMID: 24648965 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently occurring type of cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer mortality. Environmental and genetic factors play important roles in lung carcinogenesis. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer in East Asian populations. Related articles were identified through searching literature databases, such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedicine and CNKI. The odds ratio (OR) values in those studies were incorporated by meta-analysis to assess lung cancer susceptibility associated with the MTHFR mutation genotype. The MTHFR C677TT genotype exhibited a significantly increased risk of lung cancer compared to the MTHFR 677CC/CT genotype (OR=1.24; 95% CI, 1.01-1.52). No relationship was identified between the other MTHFR C677T genetic models and the risk of lung cancer and there was no significantly increased risk of lung cancer in A1298C genetic models. In a subgroup of hospital-based controls, according to the source of controls, the C677TT genotype exhibited a significantly increased risk of lung cancer, compared to the C677CC genotype (OR=3.01; 95% CI, 1.07-8.46). In the stratified analysis, the study indicated that the MTHFR 677TT genotype was associated with a significant increase in the risk of lung squamous carcinoma (OR=1.53; 95% CI, 1.09-2.14), whereas no association was observed between the MTHFR C677TT genotype and the risk of lung adenocarcinoma. No association was observed between MTHFR C677TT polymorphism and the risk of lung cancer when smoking was considered. In conclusion, the meta-analysis results suggested that MTHFR C677T polymorphisms exhibit a significantly increased risk of lung cancer and that the MTHFR 677TT genotype is associated with a significantly increased risk of lung squamous carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-DE Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi 710004
| | - Yan-Ting Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Tongchuan City People's Hospital, Tongchuan, Shannxi 727000, P.R. China
| | - Shuan-Ying Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi 710004
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi 710004
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Homocysteine and Hypertension in Diabetes: Does PPARgamma Have a Regulatory Role? PPAR Res 2010; 2010:806538. [PMID: 20613990 PMCID: PMC2895301 DOI: 10.1155/2010/806538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Revised: 11/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of macro- and microvessels is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cardio-renovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Renal failure and impairment of renal function due to vasoconstriction of the glomerular arteriole in diabetic nephropathy leads to renal volume retention and increase in plasma homocysteine level. Homocysteine, which is a nonprotein amino acid, at elevated levels is an independent cardio-renovascular risk factor. Homocysteine induces oxidative injury of vascular endothelial cells, involved in matrix remodeling through modulation of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) axis, and increased formation and accumulation of extracellular matrix protein, such as collagen. In heart this leads to increased endothelial-myocyte uncoupling resulting in diastolic dysfunction and hypertension. In the kidney, increased matrix accumulation in the glomerulus causes glomerulosclerosis resulting in hypofiltration, increased renal volume retention, and hypertension. PPARγ agonist reduces tissue homocysteine levels and is reported to ameliorate homocysteine-induced deleterious vascular effects in diabetes. This review, in light of current information, focuses on the beneficial effects of PPARγ agonist in homocysteine-associated hypertension and vascular remodeling in diabetes.
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Biros E, Cooper M, Palmer LJ, Walker PJ, Norman PE, Golledge J. Association of an allele on chromosome 9 and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212:539-42. [PMID: 20605023 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has been recognized as a multi-factorial disease with both genetic and environmental risk factors. A locus residing within non-coding DNA on chromosome 9p21.3 has recently been associated with AAA. To further investigate the significance of this site for AAA, we performed an association study on a large group of 3371 men aged 65-83 years of whom 513 had an AAA. METHODS All men were assessed for other risk factors in a uniform way and an ultrasound of the abdominal aorta was performed. RESULTS Our findings validated the strong association of the chromosome 9p21.3 SNPs rs10757278 and rs1333049 with AAA and demonstrated the upregulation of LINE-1 elements at the site of AAA. CONCLUSION This study confirms a reproducible association between risk alleles on chromosome 9p21.3 and AAA. We also provide preliminary evidence for an association of LINE-1 elements with AAA which will require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Biros
- Vascular Biology Unit, School of Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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Juang JMJ, de Las Fuentes L, Waggoner AD, Gu CC, Dávila-Román VG. Association and interaction of PPAR-complex gene variants with latent traits of left ventricular diastolic function. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2010; 11:65. [PMID: 20426853 PMCID: PMC2874543 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-11-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Abnormalities in myocardial metabolism and/or regulatory genes have been implicated in left ventricular systolic dysfunction. However, the extent to which these modulate left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) is uncertain. Methods Independent component analysis was applied to extract latent LVDF traits from 14 measured echocardiography-derived endophenotypes of LVDF in 403 Caucasians. Genetic association was assessed between measured and latent LVDF traits and 64 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-complex genes involved in the transcriptional regulation of fatty acid metabolism. Results By linear regression analysis, 7 SNPs (4 in PPARA, 2 in PPARGC1A, 1 in PPARG) were significantly associated with the latent LVDF trait, whereas a range of 0-4 SNPs were associated with each of the 14 measured echocardiography-derived endophenotypes. Frequency distribution of P values showed a greater proportion of significant associations with the latent LVDF trait than for the measured endophenotypes, suggesting that analyses of the latent trait improved detection of the genetic underpinnings of LVDF. Ridge regression was applied to investigate within-gene and gene-gene interactions. In the within-gene analysis, there were five significant pair-wise interactions in PPARGC1A and none in PPARA or PPARG. In the gene-gene analysis, significant interactions were found between rs4253655 in PPARA and rs1873532 (p = 0.02) and rs7672915 (p = 0.02), both in PPARGC1A, and between rs1151996 in PPARG and rs4697046 in PPARGC1A (p = 0.01). Conclusions Myocardial metabolism PPAR-complex genes, including within and between genes interactions, may play an important role modulating left ventricular diastolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ming Jimmy Juang
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Imaging and Clinical Research Core Laboratory, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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Moran CS, Clancy P, Biros E, Blanco-Martin B, McCaskie P, Palmer LJ, Coomans D, Norman PE, Golledge J. Association of PPARgamma allelic variation, osteoprotegerin and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010; 72:128-32. [PMID: 19438902 PMCID: PMC2802661 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03615.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We have previously demonstrated high concentrations of the glycoprotein osteoprotegerin (OPG) in biopsies of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and demonstrated that ligation of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) downregulates OPG in vitro and within a mouse model. The aims of this study were to assess the associations between circulating concentrations of OPG, polymorphisms of the gene encoding PPARgamma (PPARG), AAA presence and growth. DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS Two genetic polymorphisms in PPARG were assessed in 4227 men, 699 of whom had an AAA. For 631 men, who had AAAs, maximum aortic diameter was monitored by yearly ultrasound for a median of 5 years. Plasma OPG was measured in 838 men, 318 of whom had an AAA. RESULTS Plasma concentrations of OPG were independently associated with AAA (adjusted odds ratio 1.38, 95% CI 1.10-1.72). The PPARG c.1347C > T polymorphism was associated with plasma concentrations of OPG (beta 0.12, P < 0.01). The PPARG c.34G > C polymorphism was weakly associated with AAA (adjusted odds ratio 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.61). PPARG c.1347C > T was associated with increased AAA growth (recessive model, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Circulating concentrations of osteoprotegerin are associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm and with one peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene polymorphism. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene polymorphisms are weakly associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm presence and growth. Confirmation of these findings is required in other cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey S. Moran
- Vascular Biology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811 Australia
| | - Paula Clancy
- Vascular Biology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811 Australia
| | - Erik Biros
- Vascular Biology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811 Australia
| | - Bernardo Blanco-Martin
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811 Australia
| | - Pamela McCaskie
- The Laboratory for Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australia Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, Perth. WA. 6959. Australia
| | - Lyle J. Palmer
- The Laboratory for Genetic Epidemiology, Western Australia Institute for Medical Research and UWA Centre for Medical Research, Perth. WA. 6959. Australia
| | - Danny Coomans
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811 Australia
| | - Paul E. Norman
- School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle. WA. 6959. Australia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Vascular Biology Unit, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811 Australia
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A single-nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding osteoprotegerin is associated with diastolic blood pressure in older men. Am J Hypertens 2009; 22:1167-70. [PMID: 19779468 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2009.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoprotegerin (OPG) has been associated with cardiovascular events but currently the mechanisms underlying this association are unknown. OPG is thought to play a role in controlling artery calcification and small studies have suggested that it may influence artery structure. We examined the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding OPG (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11b, TNFRSF11B), with blood pressure in a large cohort of elderly men. METHODS 21 tagging SNPs in the region encoded by TNFRSF11B were examined in 1,071 men recruited in a population-based study of elderly men. Genotyping was carried out using the Illumina Golden Gate assay. SNPs were investigated for their association with resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure after adjusting for other variables using linear regression. The association of SNPs in the region encoded by TNFRSF11B with plasma OPG was assessed in a random subset of 467 men. RESULTS One SNP, rs11573901, was significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure, after adjusting for other risk factors and multiple testing (coefficient -4.36, P = 0.001). Men with the TC genotype had lower diastolic blood pressure than those with the common cc variation. this snp was not associated with plasma opg in the 467 men in which this was examined. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that a SNP within the region encoded by TNFRSF11B, which is believed to code for OPG, is associated with blood pressure. The mechanism underlying this observed association is currently unclear.
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