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Nappi F. Non-Coding RNA-Targeted Therapy: A State-of-the-Art Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3630. [PMID: 38612441 PMCID: PMC11011542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as drug targets is being researched due to their discovery and their role in disease. Targeting ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), is an attractive approach for treating various diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. This seminar discusses the current status of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets in different pathological conditions. Regarding miRNA-based drugs, this approach has made significant progress in preclinical and clinical testing for cardiovascular diseases, where the limitations of conventional pharmacotherapy are evident. The challenges of miRNA-based drugs, including specificity, delivery, and tolerability, will be discussed. New approaches to improve their success will be explored. Furthermore, it extensively discusses the potential development of targeted therapies for cardiovascular disease. Finally, this document reports on the recent advances in identifying and characterizing microRNAs, manipulating them, and translating them into clinical applications. It also addresses the challenges and perspectives towards clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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2
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Yin J, Fu X, Luo Y, Leng Y, Ao L, Xie C. A Narrative Review of Diabetic Macroangiopathy: From Molecular Mechanism to Therapeutic Approaches. Diabetes Ther 2024; 15:585-609. [PMID: 38302838 PMCID: PMC10942953 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-024-01532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic macroangiopathy, a prevalent and severe complication of diabetes mellitus, significantly contributes to the increased morbidity and mortality rates among affected individuals. This complex disorder involves multifaceted molecular mechanisms that lead to the dysfunction and damage of large blood vessels, including atherosclerosis (AS) and peripheral arterial disease. Understanding the intricate pathways underlying the development and progression of diabetic macroangiopathy is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic interventions. This review aims to shed light on the molecular mechanism implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic macroangiopathy. We delve into the intricate interplay of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and dysregulated angiogenesis, all of which contribute to the vascular complications observed in this disorder. By exploring the molecular mechanism involved in the disease we provide insight into potential therapeutic targets and strategies. Moreover, we discuss the current therapeutic approaches used for treating diabetic macroangiopathy, including glycemic control, lipid-lowering agents, and vascular interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Yin
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No. 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Luo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Leng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianjun Ao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No. 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Alizamir A, Amini MA, Karbasi A, Beyrami M. MiR-4492, a New Potential MicroRNA for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: A Mini Review. Chonnam Med J 2024; 60:21-26. [PMID: 38304137 PMCID: PMC10828084 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2024.60.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that the incidence of cancer sufferers is rising in the world, and it is estimated that in the next several decades, the number of people suffering from malignancies or the cancer rate will double. Diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), represent an excellent approach for cancer diagnosis and treatment, as well as many other diseases. One of the latest miRNAs is miR-4492, upregulating some genes in tumor tissues including ROMO1, HLA-G, NKIRAS2, FOXK1, and UBE2C. It represents an attractant example of a miRNA acting at multiple levels to affect the same malignancy hallmark. Based on the studies, miR-4492 plays a key role in several cancers such as, breast cancer, bladder cancer, osteosarcoma, glioblastoma multiforme, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer. Putting it all together, identifying the precise mechanisms of miR-4492 in the pathogenesis of cancer, could pave the way to find better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancer sufferers. For this reason, it might be a novel potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Alizamir
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Amini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ashkan Karbasi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Beyrami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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4
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Safi A, Saberiyan M, Sanaei MJ, Adelian S, Davarani Asl F, Zeinaly M, Shamsi M, Ahmadi R. The role of noncoding RNAs in metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:37. [PMID: 37161350 PMCID: PMC10169341 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00447-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a well-known feature of cancer that allows malignant cells to alter metabolic reactions and nutrient uptake, thereby promoting tumor growth and spread. It has been discovered that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA), have a role in a variety of biological functions, control physiologic and developmental processes, and even influence disease. They have been recognized in numerous cancer types as tumor suppressors and oncogenic agents. The role of ncRNAs in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells has recently been noticed. We examine this subject, with an emphasis on the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and amino acids, and highlight the therapeutic use of targeting ncRNAs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Safi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Saberiyan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Adelian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fateme Davarani Asl
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zeinaly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shamsi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Rahmatiyeh Region, Shahrekord, Iran.
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5
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Hillyar CR, Kanabar SS, Pufal KR, Saw Hee JL, Lawson AW, Mohamed Y, Jasim D, Reed L, Rallis KS, Nibber A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of miRNAs for the detection of cervical cancer. Epigenomics 2023; 15:593-613. [PMID: 37535320 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to critically appraise the evidence of the diagnostic effectiveness of miRNAs for the detection of cervical cancer. Methods & materials: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, searching PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. An umbrella meta-analysis of meta-analyses of individual biomarkers was performed. A Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) assessment of evidence was also performed. Results: A total of 52 miRNAs were included. Umbrella meta-analysis revealed significant heterogeneity in terms of sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), positive predictive value and/or negative predictive value. Umbrella effects were 0.76 (95% CI: 0.73-0.78), 0.78 (95% CI: 0.75-0.81), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.75-0.80), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71-0.79) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.74-0.79), respectively. Conclusion: Moderate quality evidence suggested miR199a-5p, miR21-5p and miR-141a had excellent diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rt Hillyar
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6HG, UK
- Elderly Care, Royal Berkshire Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, RG1 5AN, UK
| | - Shivani S Kanabar
- General Surgery, Sandwell General Hospital, Sandwell & West Birmingham NHS Trust, West Bromwich, B71 4HJ, UK
| | - Kamil R Pufal
- General Surgery, Queens Hospital Burton, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Trust, Burton-on-Trent, DE13 0RB, UK
| | - Joshua Li Saw Hee
- Renal Unit, New Cross Hospital, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - Alexander W Lawson
- General Surgery, New Cross Hospital, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK
| | - Yethrib Mohamed
- General Surgery, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, B9 5SS, UK
| | - Duha Jasim
- Intensive Care, Maidstone & Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Tunbridge Wells Hospital, Tunbridge Wells, TN2 4QJ, UK
| | - Lara Reed
- General Surgery, Weston General Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Weston-super-Mare, BS23 4TQ, UK
| | - Kathrine S Rallis
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Center for Hematology-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6AU, UK
| | - Anjan Nibber
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6HG, UK
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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6
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Mitoferrin, Cellular and Mitochondrial Iron Homeostasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213464. [PMID: 36359860 PMCID: PMC9658796 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for many cellular processes, but cellular iron homeostasis must be maintained to ensure the balance of cellular signaling processes and prevent disease. Iron transport in and out of the cell and cellular organelles is crucial in this regard. The transport of iron into the mitochondria is particularly important, as heme and the majority of iron-sulfur clusters are synthesized in this organelle. Iron is also required for the production of mitochondrial complexes that contain these iron-sulfur clusters and heme. As the principal iron importers in the mitochondria of human cells, the mitoferrins have emerged as critical regulators of cytosolic and mitochondrial iron homeostasis. Here, we review the discovery and structure of the mitoferrins, as well as the significance of these proteins in maintaining cytosolic and mitochondrial iron homeostasis for the prevention of cancer and many other diseases.
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7
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Wang Q, Feng J, Tang L. Non-Coding RNA Related to MAPK Signaling Pathway in Liver Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911908. [PMID: 36233210 PMCID: PMC9570382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The advancement in high-throughput sequencing analysis and the evaluation of chromatin state maps have revealed that eukaryotic cells produce many non-coding transcripts/RNAs. Further, a strong association was observed between some non-coding RNAs and cancer development. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) belong to the serine–threonine kinase family and are the primary signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation from the cell surface to the nucleus. They play an important role in various human diseases. A few non-coding RNAs associated with the MAPK signaling pathway play a significant role in the development of several malignancies, including liver cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms and interactions of microRNA, lncRNA, and other non-coding RNAs in the development of liver cancer that are associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. Further, we briefly discuss the therapeutic strategies for liver cancer related to ncRNA and the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (L.T.); Tel.: +86-1399-605-1730 (L.T.)
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (L.T.); Tel.: +86-1399-605-1730 (L.T.)
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8
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Stieg DC, Wang Y, Liu LZ, Jiang BH. ROS and miRNA Dysregulation in Ovarian Cancer Development, Angiogenesis and Therapeutic Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126702. [PMID: 35743145 PMCID: PMC9223852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse repertoires of cellular mechanisms that progress certain cancer types are being uncovered by recent research and leading to more effective treatment options. Ovarian cancer (OC) is among the most difficult cancers to treat. OC has limited treatment options, especially for patients diagnosed with late-stage OC. The dysregulation of miRNAs in OC plays a significant role in tumorigenesis through the alteration of a multitude of molecular processes. The development of OC can also be due to the utilization of endogenously derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK. Both miRNAs and ROS are involved in regulating OC angiogenesis through mediating multiple angiogenic factors such as hypoxia-induced factor (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The NAPDH oxidase subunit NOX4 plays an important role in inducing endogenous ROS production in OC. This review will discuss several important miRNAs, NOX4, and ROS, which contribute to therapeutic resistance in OC, highlighting the effective therapeutic potential of OC through these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Stieg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (D.C.S.); (L.-Z.L.)
| | - Yifang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Ling-Zhi Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (D.C.S.); (L.-Z.L.)
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
- Correspondence:
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9
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Ambrose JM, Anand DA, Kullappan M, Hussain S, James KM, Sreekandan RN, Suga SSD, Kamaraj D, Raghavan VPV, Mohan SK. A Computational approach to screen, predict and annotate human and chimpanzee PHEX intronic miRNAs, their gene targets, and regulatory interaction networks. Comput Biol Chem 2022; 98:107673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Bañuelos-Villegas EG, Pérez-yPérez MF, Alvarez-Salas LM. Cervical Cancer, Papillomavirus, and miRNA Dysfunction. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:758337. [PMID: 34957212 PMCID: PMC8703027 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.758337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer in women from developing countries. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 is a major risk factor for cervical carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, only a few women with morphologic expression of HPV infection progress into invasive disease suggesting the involvement of other factors in cervical carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression including genes involved in fundamental biological processes and human cancer. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been widely reported in cervical cancer. This work focuses on reviewing the miRNAs affected during the HPV infection process, as well relevant miRNAs that contribute to the development and maintenance of malignant cervical tumor cells. Finally, we recapitulate on miRNAs that may be used to distinguish between healthy individuals from patients with precancerous lesions or cervical tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Gabriela Bañuelos-Villegas
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Del I.P.N., México City, Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Pérez-yPérez
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Del I.P.N., México City, Mexico
| | - Luis Marat Alvarez-Salas
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Del I.P.N., México City, Mexico
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11
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Leo CG, Mincarone P, Tumolo MR, Panico A, Guido M, Zizza A, Guarino R, De Santis G, Sedile R, Sabina S. MiRNA expression profiling in HIV pathogenesis, disease progression and response to treatment: a systematic review. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1653-1671. [PMID: 34693727 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: A systematic review was conducted to identify the association of miRNA expression with HIV pathogenesis, progression and treatment. Methods: A search of articles was conducted in MEDLINE®, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Global Health. Results: 35 articles were included. Due to the heterogeneity of HIV phenotypes, a harmonization based on key progression parameters was proposed. The hsa-miR-29 family, hsa-miR-146b-5p and hsa-miR-150-5p, are the most frequently differentially expressed in HIV. Direct comparison of studies was not possible due to heterogeneity in biological samples and miRNA analysis techniques. Conclusion: This is the first attempt to systematically identify miRNA's different expression in well-defined patient phenotypes and could represent a helpful way to increase general knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Giacomo Leo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council, Branch of Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Mincarone
- Institute for Research on Population & Social Policies National Research Council, Research Unit of Brindisi, 72100, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Tumolo
- Institute for Research on Population & Social Policies National Research Council, Research Unit of Brindisi, 72100, Italy
| | - Alessandra Panico
- University of Salento, Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences & Technologies, Lecce, 73039, Italy
| | - Marcello Guido
- University of Salento, Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences & Technologies, Lecce, 73039, Italy
| | - Antonella Zizza
- Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council, Branch of Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Roberto Guarino
- Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council, Branch of Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Santis
- Department of Neurology, Card. G. Panico Hospital, Tricase, 73039, Italy
| | - Raffaella Sedile
- Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council, Branch of Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Saverio Sabina
- Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council, Branch of Lecce, 73100, Italy
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12
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Winkle M, El-Daly SM, Fabbri M, Calin GA. Noncoding RNA therapeutics - challenges and potential solutions. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:629-651. [PMID: 34145432 PMCID: PMC8212082 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 734] [Impact Index Per Article: 244.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic targeting of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), represents an attractive approach for the treatment of cancers, as well as many other diseases. Over the past decade, substantial effort has been made towards the clinical application of RNA-based therapeutics, employing mostly antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs, with several gaining FDA approval. However, trial results have so far been ambivalent, with some studies reporting potent effects whereas others demonstrated limited efficacy or toxicity. Alternative entities such as antimiRNAs are undergoing clinical testing, and lncRNA-based therapeutics are gaining interest. In this Perspective, we discuss key challenges facing ncRNA therapeutics - including issues associated with specificity, delivery and tolerability - and focus on promising emerging approaches that aim to boost their success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Winkle
- Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas State University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sherien M El-Daly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division - Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences - National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - George A Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas State University, Houston, TX, USA.
- The RNA Interference and Non-codingRNA Center, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas State University, Houston, TX, USA.
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13
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Li H, Huang J, Yu S, Li H, Zhou Y, Wu Q. HOXA11-AS induces cisplatin resistance by modulating the microRNA-98/PBX3 axis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:493. [PMID: 33968209 PMCID: PMC8100958 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA homeobox A11-antisense RNA (HOXA11-AS) has been implicated in cisplatin (DDP) resistance in multiple types of cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of HOXA11-AS in DDP-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. The expression levels of HOXA11-AS were examined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell viability was measured using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and a TUNEL assay was utilized to assess cell apoptosis. The expression levels of apoptosis-related factors (Bax and Bcl-2) were detected by western blot analysis. The interaction between microRNA-98 (miR-98) and HOXA11-AS or pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 3 (PBX3) was demonstrated using bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. HOXA11-AS and PBX3 expressions levels were upregulated, whereas miR-98 levels were downregulated in DDP-resistant NPC tissues. Patients with NPC with high HOXA11-AS expression had a low survival rate. Knockdown of HOXA11-AS enhanced the DDP sensitivity of DDP-resistant NPC (5-8F/DDP and SUNE1/DDP) cells, which was demonstrated by the accelerated apoptosis. In addition, HOXA11-AS inhibited the expression levels of miR-98 through direct interaction. Furthermore, miR-98 inhibition counteracted the inductive effect of HOXA11-AS-knockdown on the DDP sensitivity of NPC cells. PBX3 was a target of miR-98 and was positively modulated by HOXA11-AS. Overexpression of PBX3 reversed the suppressive effect of HOXA11-AS silencing on the DDP resistance of NPC cells. The data demonstrated that HOXA11-AS enhanced DDP resistance in NPC via the miR-98/PBX3 axis, providing a potential therapeutic target for patients with DDP-resistant NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haineng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhuji People's Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, P.R. China
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhuji People's Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, P.R. China
| | - Sa Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhuji People's Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, P.R. China
| | - Hangbo Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhuji People's Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Zhuji, Zhuji, Zhejiang 311800, P.R. China
| | - Qingwei Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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14
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Ling P, Tang R, Wang H, Deng X, Chen J. miR-1184 regulates inflammatory responses and cell apoptosis by targeting TRADD in an LPS-induced cell model of sepsis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:630. [PMID: 33936286 PMCID: PMC8082660 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have been reported to be potential clinical biomarkers for sepsis. miR-1184 is a multifunctional microRNA that exerts roles in the development of various diseases. However, the role of miR-1184 in children with sepsis remain unknown. In the present study, THP-1 cells were stimulated with 1 µg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h to establish an in vitro sepsis model. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the expression of miR-1184 in clinical specimens, and of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, miR-1184 and TNF receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein (TRADD) in cells with and without LPS treatment. Cell apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. Binding between miR-1184 and TRADD was predicted using bioinformatics software, and a luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the interaction between miR-1184 and TRADD in LPS-induced THP-1 cells. In addition, western blot analysis was performed to detect TRADD and proteins associated with the NF-κB pathway. The results showed that miR-1184 was downregulated in the blood of children with sepsis and LPS-induced THP-1 cells. Overexpression of miR-1184 alleviated the LPS-induced production of inflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis. Moreover, TRADD was verified to be a direct target of miR-1184. Upregulation of TRADD reversed the effects of miR-1184 on the LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of THP-1 cells. Furthermore, the NF-κB pathway was shown to be associated with the regulatory role of miR-1184 in sepsis. The present study provides evidence that miR-1184 exerts inhibitory effects on inflammatory responses and apoptosis in sepsis by targeting TRADD, which suggests that miR-1184 may be a novel potential target for the therapy of children with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ling
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Rong Tang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Huazhu Wang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Xiuqin Deng
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Chen
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
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15
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Kim HN, Shin JY, Kim DY, Lee JE, Lee PH. Priming mesenchymal stem cells with uric acid enhances neuroprotective properties in parkinsonian models. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211004816. [PMID: 33854750 PMCID: PMC8013923 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211004816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a potential source of cell-based disease-modifying therapy in Parkinsonian disorders. A promising approach to develop in vitro culture methods that mimic natural MSC niche is cell priming. Uric acid (UA), a powerful antioxidant, scavenges reactive oxygen species, which has a vital role in maintaining self-renewal and differentiation potential of MSCs. Here, we demonstrated that UA treatment in naïve MSCs stimulated glycolysis and upregulated transcriptional factors responsible for regulation of stemness, leading to increase in the expression levels of osteogenesis-, adipogenesis-, and chondrogenesis-related genes. UA-primed MSCs had more enhanced neuroprotective properties in cellular and parkinsonian animal models compared to naïve MSCs by inhibiting apoptotic signaling pathways. Additionally, expression of miR-137 and miR-145 was decreased in UA-treated MSCs. Our data demonstrated that priming MSCs with UA augment neuroprotective properties through enhanced self-renewal and differentiation potential, suggesting a practical strategy for improving the application of MSCs in parkinsonian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Na Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Young Shin
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Yeol Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Phil Hyu Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Manipulating Pericyte Function with MicroRNAs. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33576975 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1056-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed in all cell types, including pericytes, and play essential roles in vascular development, homeostasis, and disease. Manipulation of pericytes with miRNA mimics and inhibitors represents an essential tool to study the role of pericytes in vascular development and regeneration and to better understand the therapeutic potential of miRNA manipulation in pericytes. Here we describe methods for manipulating pericyte function by using miRNA mimics and inhibitors. We also describe methods to assess pericyte function (proliferation and migration) after manipulation with miRNAs and explain how miRNA gene targets can be identified and validated in pericytes after manipulation with miRNA.
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17
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Fatmi A, Rebiahi SA, Chabni N, Zerrouki H, Azzaoui H, Elhabiri Y, Benmansour S, Ibáñez-Cabellos JS, Smahi MCE, Aribi M, García-Giménez JL, Pallardó FV. miRNA-23b as a biomarker of culture-positive neonatal sepsis. Mol Med 2020; 26:94. [PMID: 33032520 PMCID: PMC7542968 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00217-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The ability to quickly and accurately diagnose neonatal sepsis based on clinical assessments and laboratory blood tests remains difficult, where haemoculture is the gold standard for detecting bacterial sepsis in blood culture. It is also very difficult to study because neonatal samples are lacking. METHODS Forty-eight newborns suspected of sepsis admitted to the Neonatology Department of the Mother-Child Specialized Hospital of Tlemcen. From each newborn, a minimum of 1-2 ml of blood was drawn by standard sterile procedures for blood culture. The miRNA-23b level in haemoculture was evaluated by RT-qPCR. RESULTS miR-23b levels increased in premature and full-term newborns in early onset sepsis (p < 0.001 and p < 0.005 respectively), but lowered in late onset sepsis in full-term neonates (p < 0.05) compared to the respective negative controls. miR-23b levels also increased in late sepsis in the negative versus early sepsis negative controls (p < 0.05). miR-23b levels significantly lowered in the newborns who died from both sepsis types (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05 respectively). In early sepsis, miR-23b and death strongly and negatively correlated (correlation coefficient = - 0.96, p = 0.0019). In late sepsis, miRNA-23b and number of survivors (correlation coefficient = 0.70, p = 0.506) positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS Lowering miR-23b levels is an important factor that favours sepsis development, which would confirm their vital protective role, and strongly suggest that they act as a good marker in molecular diagnosis and patient monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Fatmi
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, W0414100, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Sid Ahmed Rebiahi
- Laboratory of Microbiology Applied in Food, Biomedical and Environment, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Nafissa Chabni
- Faculty of Medicine, Tlemcen Medical Centre University, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Hanane Zerrouki
- Laboratory of Microbiology Applied in Food, Biomedical and Environment, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Hafsa Azzaoui
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, W0414100, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Yamina Elhabiri
- Laboratory of Microbiology Applied in Food, Biomedical and Environment, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Souheila Benmansour
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, W0414100, Tlemcen, Algeria.,Neonatal Department of Specialized Maternal and Child Hospital of Tlemcen, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - José Santiago Ibáñez-Cabellos
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibañez 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mohammed Chems-Eddine Smahi
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, W0414100, Tlemcen, Algeria.,Neonatal Department of Specialized Maternal and Child Hospital of Tlemcen, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Mourad Aribi
- Laboratory of Applied Molecular Biology and Immunology, W0414100, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibañez 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain. .,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibañez 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
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18
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Alshamrani AA. Roles of microRNAs in Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis: Two Decades Later, What Have We Learned? Front Oncol 2020; 10:1084. [PMID: 32850313 PMCID: PMC7396563 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the top gynecological malignancies that cause deaths among females in the United States. At the molecular level, significant progress has been made in our understanding of ovarian cancer development and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules (19–25 nucleotides) that negatively regulate target genes post-transcriptionally. Over the last two decades, mounting evidence has demonstrated the aberrant expression of miRNAs in different human malignancies, including ovarian carcinomas. Deregulated miRNAs can have profound impacts on various cancer hallmarks by repressing tumor suppressor genes. This review will discuss up-to-date knowledge of how the aberrant expression of miRNAs and their targeted genes drives ovarian cancer initiation, proliferation, survival, and resistance to chemotherapies. Understanding the mechanisms by which these miRNAs affect these hallmarks should allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat these lethal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Alshamrani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Schwarzenbach H, Gahan PB. Circulating non-coding RNAs in recurrent and metastatic ovarian cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:399-418. [PMID: 35582568 PMCID: PMC8992516 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has a poor outcome because it is usually detected at advanced tumor stages, and the majority of the patients develop disease relapse as a result of chemotherapy resistance. This most lethal gynecological malignancy metastasizes within the peritoneal fluid or ascites to pelvic and distal organs. In ovarian cancer progression and metastasis, small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs have been recognized as important regulators. Their dysregulation modulates gene expression and cellular signal pathways and can be detected in liquid biopsies. In this review, we provide an overview on circulating plasma and serum ncRNAs participating in tumor cell migration and invasion, and contributing to recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer. We will also discuss the development of potential, novel therapies using ncRNAs as target molecules or tumor markers for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Schwarzenbach
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Peter B Gahan
- Fondazione "Enrico Puccinelli" Onlus, Perugia 06123, Italy
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20
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Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) Overexpressing miR-21 Promote Vascularization of Endothelial Cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12861. [PMID: 31492946 PMCID: PMC6731308 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, exosomes released from adipose-derived stem cells (abbreviated as ADSCs) have shown promises to provide therapeutic benefits in the fields of regenerative medicine. miRNAs, existing in exosomes, are endogenous, small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in a variety of cellular functions and tumor development. Emerging evidences have indicated that miR-21 is one of the important miRNAs associated with tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we identified the role of exosomes from ADSCs overexpressing miR-21 in regulating/promoting vascularization of endothelial cells. Experimental data indicated an elevated miR-21 level in exosomes released by ADSCs overexpressing miR-21. In vitro matrigel angiogenesis assay showed that exosomes secreted by ADSCs overexpressing miR-21 significantly promoted the vascularization of HUVEC cells (an endothelial cell line). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot (WB) revealed an upregulation of HIF-1α, VEGF, SDF-1, p-Akt, p-ERK1/2 and downregulation of PTEN in response to miR-21 overexpression, indicating that miR-21 enriched exosomes induced angiogenesis through Akt and ERK activation and also HIF-1α and SDF-1 expression. Our work suggests that exosomes from ADSCs that overexpressing miR-21 can potentially promote vascularization and therefore the transplantation of exosomes from their culture may be suitable for clinical effort in regenerative medicine.
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21
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Duygu B, Juni R, Ottaviani L, Bitsch N, Wit JBM, de Windt LJ, da Costa Martins PA. Comparison of different chemically modified inhibitors of miR-199b in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 159:106-115. [PMID: 30452907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently received great attention for their regulatory roles in diverse cellular processes and for their contribution to several human pathologies. Modulation of miRNAs in vivo provides beneficial therapeutic strategies for the treatment of many diseases, as evidenced by various preclinical studies. However, specific issues regarding the in vivo use of miRNA inhibitors (antimiRs) such as organ-specific delivery, optimal dosing and formulation of the best chemistry to obtain efficient miRNA inhibition remain to be addressed. Here, we aimed at comparing the in vivo efficacy of different chemistry-based antimiR oligonucleotides to inhibit cardiac expression of miR-199b, a highly promising therapeutic target for the treatment of pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. For this purpose, four different designs of oligonucleotides to inhibit miR-199b were initially developed. Systemic administration to wildtype mice on three consecutive days was followed by organ harvesting, seven days after the first injection, in order to quantify the dose-dependent changes in miR-199b expression levels. When comparing the efficiency of each inhibitor at the highest applied dose we observed that the antagomir was the only inhibitor inducing complete inhibition of miR-199b in the heart. LNA reduced expression in the heart by 50 percent while the Zen-AMO and F/MOE chemistries failed to repress miR-199b expression in the heart at any given dose, in vivo. Further optimization was achieved by subjecting the antagomir and LNA nucleotides to additional chemical modifications. Interestingly, antagomir modification by replacing the cholesterol moiety from the 3' to the 5' end of the molecule significantly improved the inhibitory capacity, as reflected by a 75 percent downregulation of miR-199b expression already at a concentration of 5 mg/kg/day. Similar results could be obtained with a LNA-RNA molecule but upon administration of 80 mg/kg/day. These findings show that, from all the chemistries tested by us, an antagomir carrying the cholesterol group at the 5' end was the most efficient inhibitor of miR-199b in the heart, in vivo. Moreover, our data also emphasize the importance of chemistry optimization and best dose range finding to achieve the greatest efficacy in miRNA inhibition in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Duygu
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rio Juni
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lara Ottaviani
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Bitsch
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan B M Wit
- Mirabilis Therapeutics BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Leon J de Windt
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paula A da Costa Martins
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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22
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Cao Y, Wang D, Li S, Xu L, Zhao J, Liu H, Lu T, Zhang Q. Identification and analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) responding to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 88:28-36. [PMID: 29990507 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of regulators essential for numerous biological processes. Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is one of the most important viral pathogens in salmon and trout. In this study, the miRNA expression profiles of rainbow trout upon IHNV infection were explored. In total, 392 known miRNAs and 936 novel miRNAs were identified. Twelve known and 13 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed between infected and uninfected fish. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed that certain miRNA target genes were associated with biological regulation, the immune system, and signal transduction. In addition, over- and suppressed expression of miR-146a-3p, miR-155-5p, miR-216a-5p, and miR-499b-5p could respectively increase and decrease viral gene expression in cells and viral titers. MiR-146a-3p and miR-216a-5p inhibited the expression of type-I IFN and the Mx1 gene induced by IHNV. These results provide preliminary insights into the IHNV-host interactions mediated by miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Cao
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Department of Aquaculture, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Songfa Street No. 43, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Di Wang
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Department of Aquaculture, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Songfa Street No. 43, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, China.
| | - Shaowu Li
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Department of Aquaculture, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Songfa Street No. 43, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, China.
| | - Liming Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Department of Aquaculture, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Songfa Street No. 43, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, China.
| | - Jingzhuang Zhao
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Department of Aquaculture, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Songfa Street No. 43, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, China.
| | - Hongbai Liu
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Department of Aquaculture, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Songfa Street No. 43, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, China.
| | - Tongyan Lu
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Department of Aquaculture, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Songfa Street No. 43, Daoli District, Harbin, 150070, China.
| | - Qiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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23
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Xu M, Gan T, Ning H, Wang L. MicroRNA Functions in Thymic Biology: Thymic Development and Involution. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2063. [PMID: 30254640 PMCID: PMC6141719 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During the entire processes of thymus organogenesis, maturation, and involution, gene regulation occurs post-transcriptionally via recently discovered microRNA (miRNA) transcripts. Numerous reports indicate that miRNAs may be involved in the construction of a normal thymic microenvironment, which constitutes a critical component to support T lymphocyte development. MiRNAs are also expressed in thymic stromal cells including thymic epithelial cells (TECs) during maturation and senescence. This review focuses on the function of miRNAs in thymic development and involution. A better understanding of these processes will provide new insights into the regulatory network of TECs and further comprehension of how genes control TECs to maintain the thymic microenvironment during thymus development and aging, thus supporting a normal cellular immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwen Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Tao Gan
- Department of Biotechnology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Huiting Ning
- Department of Biotechnology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Liefeng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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24
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Do D, Bozdag S. Cancerin: A computational pipeline to infer cancer-associated ceRNA interaction networks. PLoS Comput Biol 2018; 14:e1006318. [PMID: 30011266 PMCID: PMC6072113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) inhibit expression of target genes by binding to their RNA transcripts. It has been recently shown that RNA transcripts targeted by the same miRNA could “compete” for the miRNA molecules and thereby indirectly regulate each other. Experimental evidence has suggested that the aberration of such miRNA-mediated interaction between RNAs—called competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interaction—can play important roles in tumorigenesis. Given the difficulty of deciphering context-specific miRNA binding, and the existence of various gene regulatory factors such as DNA methylation and copy number alteration, inferring context-specific ceRNA interactions accurately is a computationally challenging task. Here we propose a computational method called Cancerin to identify cancer-associated ceRNA interactions. Cancerin incorporates DNA methylation, copy number alteration, gene and miRNA expression datasets to construct cancer-specific ceRNA networks. We applied Cancerin to three cancer datasets from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Our results indicated that ceRNAs were enriched with cancer-related genes, and ceRNA modules in the inferred ceRNA networks were involved in cancer-associated biological processes. Using LINCS-L1000 shRNA-mediated gene knockdown experiment in breast cancer cell line to assess accuracy, Cancerin was able to predict expression outcome of ceRNA genes with high accuracy. CeRNA interaction is a post-transcriptional gene regulation that involves interactions between RNAs competing for common miRNA regulators. Dysregulation of ceRNA interactions have been implicated in multiple diseases including cancer. Here we propose a computational pipeline called Cancerin that infers genome-wide ceRNA interactions in cancer. Unlike existing ceRNA inference tools that consider miRNAs as the only factor that regulate gene expression, Cancerin considers other types of gene regulators besides miRNAs, namely transcription factors, copy number alteration, and DNA methylation. To identify miRNA regulators for each gene, Cancerin incorporates a LASSO-based variable selection procedure that leverages both sequence-based and gene expression information. Then multiple expression-based filtering conditions are employed to select ceRNA interactions. Cancerin was applied to three cancer datasets from TCGA. Functional analysis indicated that the inferred ceRNAs were enriched with cancer-related genes, and ceRNAs within ceRNA modules (densely-connected ceRNAs) were involved in cancer-associated biological processes. Survival analysis showed that compared to non-ceRNAs, ceRNAs hold better prognostic power to predict survival outcomes. Our results showed that Cancerin can be used to identify genome-wide and functionally important ceRNA interactions, which makes it a valuable tool to better understand this recently discovered gene regulation mechanism and its role in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc Do
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Serdar Bozdag
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Biomarkers identification for PML monitoring, during Natalizumab (Tysabri®) treatment in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018; 20:93-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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26
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Hassan S, Sidransky E, Tayebi N. The role of epigenetics in lysosomal storage disorders: Uncharted territory. Mol Genet Metab 2017; 122:10-18. [PMID: 28918065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The study of the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, to human disease has enhanced our understanding of different cellular processes and diseased states, as well as the effect of environmental factors on phenotypic outcomes. Epigenetic studies may be particularly relevant in evaluating the clinical heterogeneity observed in monogenic disorders. The lysosomal storage disorders are Mendelian disorders characterized by a wide spectrum of associated phenotypes, ranging from neonatal presentations to symptoms that develop in late adulthood. Some lack a tight genotype/phenotype correlation. While epigenetics may explain some of the discordant phenotypes encountered in patients with the same lysosomal storage disorder, especially among patients sharing the same genotype, to date, few studies have focused on these mechanisms. We review three common epigenetic mechanisms, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, and highlight their applications to phenotypic variation and therapeutics. Three specific lysosomal storage diseases, Gaucher disease, Fabry disease, and Niemann-Pick type C disease are presented as prototypical disorders with vast clinical heterogeneity that may be impacted by epigenetics. Our goal is to motivate researchers to consider epigenetics as a mechanism to explain the complexities of biological functions and pathologies of these rare disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzeb Hassan
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - Nahid Tayebi
- Medical Genetics Branch, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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MicroRNAs Regulate Thymic Epithelium in Age-Related Thymic Involution via Down- or Upregulation of Transcription Factors. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:2528957. [PMID: 29226156 PMCID: PMC5684555 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2528957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related thymic involution is primarily induced by defects in nonhematopoietic thymic epithelial cells (TECs). It is characterized by dysfunction of multiple transcription factors (TFs), such as p63 and FoxN1, and also involves other TEC-associated regulators, such as Aire. These TFs and regulators are controlled by complicated regulatory networks, in which microRNAs (miRNAs) act as a key player. miRNAs can either directly target the 3'-UTRs (untranslated regions) of the TFs to suppress TF expression or target TF inhibitors to reduce or increase TF inhibitor expression and thereby indirectly enhance or inhibit TF expression. Here, we review the current understanding and recent studies about how miRNAs are involved in age-related thymic involution via regulation of TEC-autonomous TFs. We also discuss potential strategies for targeting miRNAs to rejuvenate age-related declined thymic function.
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Liu B, Huang H, Wu G, Xu G, Sun BD, Zhang EL, Chen J, Gao YQ. A Signature of Circulating microRNAs Predicts the Susceptibility of Acute Mountain Sickness. Front Physiol 2017; 8:55. [PMID: 28228730 PMCID: PMC5296306 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a common disabling condition in individuals experiencing high altitudes, which may progress to life-threatening high altitude cerebral edema. Today, no established biomarkers are available for prediction the susceptibility of AMS. MicroRNAs emerge as promising sensitive and specific biomarkers for a variety of diseases. Thus, we sought to identify circulating microRNAs suitable for prediction the susceptible of AMS before exposure to high altitude. Methods: We enrolled 109 healthy man adults and collected blood samples before their exposure to high altitude. Then we took them to an elevation of 3648 m for 5 days. Circulating microRNAs expression was measured by microarray and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). AMS was defined as Lake Louise score ≥3 and headache using Lake Louise Acute Mountain Sickness Scoring System. Results: A total of 31 microRNAs were differentially expressed between AMS and Non-AMS groups, 15 up-regulated and 16 down-regulated. Up-regulation of miR-369-3p, miR-449b-3p, miR-136-3p, and miR-4791 in patients with AMS compared with Non-AMS individuals were quantitatively confirmed using qRT-PCR (all, P < 0.001). With multiple logistic regression analysis, a unique signature encompassing miR-369-3p, miR-449b-3p, and miR-136-3p discriminate AMS from Non-AMS (area under the curve 0.986, 95%CI 0.970–1.000, P < 0.001, LR+: 14.21, LR–: 0.08). This signature yielded a 92.68% sensitivity and a 93.48% specificity for AMS vs. Non-AMS. Conclusion: The study here, for the first time, describes a signature of three circulating microRNAs as a robust biomarker to predict the susceptibility of AMS before exposure to high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Liu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
| | - He Huang
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
| | - Bing-Da Sun
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
| | - Er-Long Zhang
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China; Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
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Mahmoudi E, Cairns MJ. MiR-137: an important player in neural development and neoplastic transformation. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:44-55. [PMID: 27620842 PMCID: PMC5414082 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent an important class of small regulatory RNAs that control gene expression posttranscriptionally by targeting mRNAs for degradation or translation inhibition. Early studies have revealed a complex role for miRNAs in major biological processes such as development, differentiation, growth and metabolism. MiR-137 in particular, has been of great interest due to its critical role in brain function and putative involvement in the etiology of both neuropsychiatric disorders and cancer. Several lines of evidence suggest that development, differentiation and maturation of the nervous system is strongly linked to the expression of miR-137 and its regulation of a large number of downstream target genes in various pathways. Dysregulation of this molecule has also been implicated in major mental illnesses through its position in a variant allele highly associated with schizophrenia in the largest mega genome-wide association studies. Interestingly, miR-137 has also been shown to act as a tumor suppressor, with numerous studies finding reduced expression in neoplasia including brain tumor. Restoration of miR-137 expression has also been shown to inhibit cell proliferation, migration and metastasis, and induce cell cycle arrest, differentiation and apoptosis. These properties of miR-137 propose its potential for prognosis, diagnosis and as a therapeutic target for treatment of several human neurological and neoplastic disorders. In this review, we provide details on the discovery, targets, function, regulation and disease involvement of miR-137 with a broad look at recent discovery in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mahmoudi
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia,Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - M J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia,Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. E-mail:
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Liu B, Huang H, Wang SX, Wu G, Xu G, Sun BD, Zhang EL, Gao YQ. Physiological Adjustments and Circulating MicroRNA Reprogramming Are Involved in Early Acclimatization to High Altitude in Chinese Han Males. Front Physiol 2016; 7:601. [PMID: 27994555 PMCID: PMC5133430 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Altitude acclimatization is a physiological process that restores oxygen delivery to the tissues and promotes oxygen use under high altitude hypoxia. High altitude sickness occurs in individuals without acclimatization. Unraveling the molecular underpinnings of altitude acclimatization could help understand the beneficial body responses to high altitude hypoxia as well as the altered biological events in un-acclimatized individuals. This study assessed physiological adjustments and circulating microRNA (cmiRNA) profiles in individuals exposed to high altitude, aiming to explore altitude acclimatization in humans. Methods: Ninety volunteers were enrolled in this study. Among them, 22 individuals provided samples for microRNA arrays; 68 additional individuals constituted the validation set. Un-acclimatized individuals were identified by the Lake Louise Scoring System. Thirty-three phenotypes were recorded pre- and post-exposure to high altitude, including stress hormones, lipid profiles, hematological indices, myocardial enzyme spectrum, and liver and kidney function related enzymes. CmiRNA expression profiles were assessed using miRCURYTM LNA Array (v.18.0) screening, with data validated by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Then, associations of plasma microRNA expression with physiological adjustments were evaluated. The biological relevance of the main differentially expressed cmiRNAs was explored by bioinformatics prediction. Results: Nineteen of the 33 phenotypes were significantly altered during early altitude acclimatization, including hematological indices, lipid profiles, and stress hormones; meanwhile, 86 cmiRNAs (79 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated) showed differential expression with statistical significance. Among them, 32 and 25 microRNAs were strongly correlated with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and total cholesterol elevations, respectively. In addition, 22 microRNAs were closely correlated with cortisol increase. In un-acclimatized individuals, 55 cmiRNAs were up-regulated and 36 down-regulated, compared with acclimatized individuals. The HIF signaling pathway was suppressed in un-acclimatized individuals. Conclusion: Physiological adjustments, including the hematological system, stress hormones, and lipid molecules contributed to early altitude acclimatization, and showed strong correlations with cmiRNA reprogramming. Moreover, acclimatized and un-acclimatized individuals showed different cmiRNA profile. Suppression of the HIF-1 signaling pathway by microRNA regulation may play a key role in the pathogenesis of un-acclimatization with high altitude hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqing, China
| | - He Huang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqing, China
| | - Shou-Xian Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqing, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqing, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqing, China
| | - Bing-Da Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqing, China
| | - Er-Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqing, China
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of EducationChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLAChongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education of ChinaChongqing, China
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Kim YS, Kim HR, Kim H, Yang SC, Park M, Yoon JA, Lim HJ, Hong SH, DeMayo FJ, Lydon JP, Choi Y, Lee DR, Song H. Deficiency in DGCR8-dependent canonical microRNAs causes infertility due to multiple abnormalities during uterine development in mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20242. [PMID: 26833131 PMCID: PMC4735737 DOI: 10.1038/srep20242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DGCR8 is an RNA-binding protein that interacts with DROSHA to produce pre-microRNA in the nucleus, while DICER generates not only mature microRNA, but also endogenous small interfering RNAs in the cytoplasm. Here, we produced Dgcr8 conditional knock-out mice using progesterone receptor (PR)-Cre (Dgcr8d/d) and demonstrated that canonical microRNAs dependent on the DROSHA-DGCR8 complex are required for uterine development as well as female fertility in mice. Adult Dgcr8d/d females neither underwent regular reproductive cycles nor produced pups, whereas administration of exogenous gonadotropins induced normal ovulation in these mice. Interestingly, immune cells associated with acute inflammation aberrantly infiltrated into reproductive organs of pregnant Dgcr8d/d mice. Regarding uterine development, multiple uterine abnormalities were noticeable at 4 weeks of age when PR is significantly increased, and the severity of these deformities increased over time. Gland formation and myometrial layers were significantly reduced, and the stromal cell compartment did not expand and became atrophic during uterine development in these mice. These results were consistent with aberrantly reduced stromal cell proliferation and completely failed decidualization. Collectively, we suggest that DGCR8-dependent canonical microRNAs are essential for uterine development and physiological processes such as proper immune modulation, reproductive cycle, and steroid hormone responsiveness in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Sun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 463-400 Korea
| | - Hye-Ryun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 463-400 Korea
| | - Hyongbum Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Seung Chel Yang
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 463-400 Korea
| | - Mira Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 463-400 Korea
| | - Jung Ah Yoon
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunjung J Lim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701 Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-701, Korea
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 463-400 Korea
| | - Dong Ryul Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 463-400 Korea.,Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haengseok Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 463-400 Korea.,Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
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Wu M, Gu JT, Yi B, Tang ZZ, Tao GC. microRNA-23b regulates the expression of inflammatory factors in vascular endothelial cells during sepsis. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1125-1132. [PMID: 25780398 PMCID: PMC4353782 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-23b is a multifunctional microRNA that contributes to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. It has been reported that miR-23b prevents multiple autoimmune diseases through the regulation of inflammatory cytokine pathways. In addition, the function and underlying mechanisms of miR-23b on sepsis are currently being investigated. In the present study, miR-23b inhibitor and mimics sequences were transfected into human vascular endothelial cells to inhibit and upregulate the expression of miR-23b, respectively. In addition, respective negative control (NC) sequences were transfected. The expression of miR-23b was found to be downregulated in the cells transfected with the mimics NC or inhibitor NC sequences following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; P<0.01); however, higher expression levels were maintained in the cells transfected with the mimics sequence and very low levels were observed in the cells transfected with the inhibitor sequence. In addition, the expression levels of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 were shown to increase following induction by LPS in the cells transfected with inhibitor/mimics NC sequences (P<0.05). However, the expression levels of these inflammatory factors decreased in the cells transfected with the mimics sequence, and increased to a greater degree in the cells transfected with the inhibitor sequence, as compared with the inhibitor NC sequences (P<0.05). Therefore, miR-23b may play a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of sepsis by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors, including NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, ICAM-1, E-selectin and VCAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Teng Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Zhi Tang
- Department of Emergency, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Cai Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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MicroRNAs in virus-induced tumorigenesis and IFN system. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 26:183-94. [PMID: 25466647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs encoded in the human genome, have been shown to be involved in cancer pathogenesis and progression. There is evidence that some of these miRNAs possess proapoptotic or proliferation promoting roles in the cell by negatively regulating target mRNAs. Oncogenic viruses are able to produce persistent infection, favoring tumor development by deregulating cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. It has been recently suggested that cellular miRNAs may participate in host-virus interactions, influencing viral replication. Many mammalian viruses counteract this cellular antiviral defense by using viral proteins but also by encoding viral miRNAs involved in virus-induced tumorigenesis. Interferons (IFNs) modulate a number of non-coding RNA genes, especially miRNAs, that may be used by mammalian organisms as a mechanism of IFN system to combat viral infection and related diseases. In particular, IFNs might induce specific cellular miRNAs that target viral transcripts thereby using this strategy as part of their effectiveness against invading viruses. Therefore IFNs, interferon stimulated genes and miRNAs could act synergistically as innate response to virus infection to induce a potent non-permissive cellular environment for virus replication and virus-induced cancer. The relevance of this reviewed research topic is clearly related to the observation that although virus infections are responsible of specific tumors, other unidentified genetic alterations are likely involved in the induction of malignant transformation. The identification of such genetic alterations, i.e. miRNA expression in transformed cells, would be of considerable importance for the analysis of the pathogenesis and for the treatment of cancer induced by specific viruses as well as for the advancement of the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying virus-host interaction. In this respect, we will review also the important, still little explored, roles of miRNAs acting both as IFN-stimulated anti-viral molecules and as critical regulators of IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes.
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