1
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Chen LC, Lo YS, Ho HY, Lin CC, Chuang YC, Chang WC, Hsieh MJ. LDL Receptor-Related Protein 1B Polymorphisms Associated with Increased Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Cancer Group with Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3963. [PMID: 38612772 PMCID: PMC11012249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer ranks fourth among malignancies among Taiwanese men and is the eighth most common cancer among men worldwide in terms of general diagnosis. The purpose of the current study was to investigate how low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B (LDL receptor related protein 1B; LRP1B) gene polymorphisms affect oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) risk and progression in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Three LRP1B single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including rs10496915, rs431809, and rs6742944, were evaluated in 311 OSCC cases and 300 controls. Between the case and control groups, we found no evidence of a significant correlation between the risk of OSCC and any of the three specific SNPs. Nevertheless, in evaluating the clinicopathological criteria, individuals with DM who possess a minimum of one minor allele of rs10496915 (AC + CC; p = 0.046) were significantly associated with tumor size compared with those with homozygous major alleles (AA). Similarly, compared to genotypes homologous for the main allele (GG), rs6742944 genotypes (GA + AA; p = 0.010) were more likely to develop lymph node metastases. The tongue and the rs6742944 genotypes (GA + AA) exhibited higher rates of advanced clinical stages (p = 0.024) and lymph node metastases (p = 0.007) when compared to homozygous alleles (GG). LRP1B genetic polymorphisms appear to be prognostic and diagnostic markers for OSCC and DM, as well as contributing to genetic profiling research for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Cheng Chen
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Chang
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Department, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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2
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Zhou Y, Tang Y, Luo J, Yang Y, Zang H, Ma J, Fan S, Wen Q. High expression of HSP60 and survivin predicts poor prognosis for oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:629. [PMID: 37661276 PMCID: PMC10476324 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03311-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HSP60 is a heat shock proteins (HSPs) family member and help mitochondrial protein to fold correctly. Survivin is one of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein family member, which plays a significant part in cancer progression. They were capable of forming HSP60-survivin complexes and involved in the development of various tumors. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database demonstrated that HSP60 and survivin and their correlation on mRNA expression level with OSCC patients. Besides, expression of HSP60 and survivin proteins was studied utilizing immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays (TMA) in OSCC and in adjacent non-cancerous squamous epithelium (Non-CCSE) tissues. RESULTS Significantly increased levels of HSP60 and survivin in most cancers compared to normal tissue by pan-cancer analysis. HSP60 and survivin proved a significantly increased expression in OSCC samples compared to Non-CCSE both on mRNA and protein (both P < 0.05). Additionally, elevated HSP60 displayed a positive correlation with survivin in terms of mRNA and protein expression levels (all P < 0.001). Patients with OSCC who had advanced clinical stage or lymph node metastasis (LNM) showed higher HSP60 expression (P = 0.004, P = 0.006, respectively). Higher levels of the proteins HSP60 and survivin were significantly inversely correlated relationship with OSCC patients' overall survival rates in multivariate survival analysis (P = 0.018, P = 0.040). From the above results, overexpression of HSP60 and survivin protein may serve as independent biomarkers predicting poor prognosis in OSCC. CONCLUSIONS Elevated HSP60 and survivin might be served as novel poor prognosis biomarkers for surgically resected OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yaoxiang Tang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjing Zang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Cancer Research Institute of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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3
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Genetic and epigenetic instability induced by betel quid associated chemicals. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:223-234. [PMID: 36845258 PMCID: PMC9945799 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the years, betel quid chewing and tobacco use have attracted considerable interest as they are implicated as the most likely causative risk factors of oral and esophageal cancers. Although areca nut use and betel quid chewing may lead to apoptosis, chronic exposure to areca nut and slaked lime may promote pre-malignant and malignant transformation of oral cells. The putative mutagenic and carcinogenic mechanisms may involve endogenous nitrosation of areca and tobacco alkaloids as well as the presence of direct alkylating agents in betel quid and smokeless tobacco. Metabolic activation of carcinogenic N-nitrosamines by phase-I enzymes is required not only to elicit the genotoxicity via the reactive intermediates but also to potentiate the mutagenicity with the sporadic alkylations of nucleotide bases, resulting in the formation of diverse DNA adducts. Persistent DNA adducts provides the impetus for genetic and epigenetic lesions. The genetic and epigenetic factors cumulatively influence the development and progression of disorders such as cancer. Accumulation of numerous genetic and epigenetic aberrations due to long-term betel quid (with or without tobacco) chewing and tobacco use culminates into the development of head and neck cancers. We review recent evidence that supports putative mechanisms for mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of betel quid chewing along with tobacco (smoking and smokeless) use. The detailed molecular mechanisms of the extent of accumulation and patterns of genetic alterations, indicative of the prior exposure to carcinogens and alkylating agents because of BQ chewing and tobacco use, have not yet been elucidated.
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4
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Chuang HC, Tsai MH, Lin YT, Chou MH, Yang KL, Chien CY. Systemic and Local Effects Among Patients With Betel Quid-Related Oral Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221146870. [PMID: 36575633 PMCID: PMC9806389 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221146870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The major predisposing factors of developing oral cancer include smoking, alcohol drinking, and betel quid chewing. Betel quid chewing could cause the abrasion and damage of oral mucosa by crude fibers, chemical insults by additive slaked lime, and arecoline from areca nut. These would lead to the local consequence of oral submucosal fibrosis, which is regarded clinically as a precancer lesion and a major cause of trismus. In addition, the components and additives in betel quid contain chemical toxins and carcinogens, which would further affect the oral mucosa and gradually develop a malignancy. Following literature review, aside from having a greater total tumor burden and more local diseases in the oral cavity and digestive tract, patients with betel quid-related oral cancer also have more systemic diseases from metabolic syndrome, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes mellitus, and obesity than those without this habit. In conclusion, those patients who have the history of smoking, alcohol drinking, and betel quid chewing would present much more unique clinical characteristics than those who only have a history of smoking and alcohol drinking. More attention should therefore be paid to pretreatment evaluation, treatment strategy, and posttreatment follow-up among betel quid chewers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ching Chuang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan,Center for mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsai Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huei Chou
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Center for General Education, Cheng-Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Kaohsiung Chang Gung Head and Neck Oncology Group, Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung , Taiwan,Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Taiwan ,Institute for Translation Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan,Chih-Yen Chien, Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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5
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Chen PJ, Lu HJ, Nassef Y, Lin CW, Chuang CY, Lee CY, Chiu YW, Yang SF, Yang WE. Association of dipeptidyl peptidase IV polymorphism with clinicopathological characters of oral cancer. J Oral Pathol Med 2022; 51:730-737. [PMID: 35880802 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and clinicopathological characters of oral cancer. METHODS Four loci of DPP4 SNPs (rs7608798 A/G, rs3788979 C/T, rs2268889 T/C, and rs6741949 G/C) were genotyped by using the TaqMan allelic discrimination in 1238 oral cancers patients and 1197 non-cancer individuals. RESULTS The percentage of DPP4 SNP rs2268889 TC+CC was significantly higher in the oral cancer participants compared to the control group (odds ratio (OR): 1.178, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004-1.382, P = 0.045). Among 1676 smokers, DPP4 polymorphisms carriers with betel quid chewing were found to have a 8.785- to 10.903-fold risk to have oral cancer compared to DPP4 wild-type carriers without betel quid chewing. Similar trend was found in individuals with alcohol consumption. Moreover, the oral cancer individuals without cigarette smoking history with at least 1 varied C allele of DPP4 rs2268889 had a significantly higher percentage of large tumor size with the wild-type TT homozygote (P= 0.011). CONCLUSIONS The DPP4 SNP may correlate to the development of oral cancer in those with cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Besides, the DPP4 SNP rs2268889 could relate to worse clinical course of oral cancer in non-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ju Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Ju Lu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yasser Nassef
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chiu
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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6
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Su SC, Chen YT, Hsieh YH, Yang WE, Su CW, Chiu WY, Yang SF, Lin CW. Gambogic Acid Induces HO-1 Expression and Cell Apoptosis through p38 Signaling in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1663-1679. [PMID: 35786173 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA), a natural and bioactive compound from the gamboge resin, has been reported to exhibit many oncostatic activities against several types of malignancies. However, its effects on the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain largely unexplored. To fill this gap, we investigated the anticancer role of GA and molecular mechanisms underlying GA's actions in combating oral cancer. We found that GA negatively regulated the viability of OSCC cells, involving induction of the sub-G1 phase and cell apoptosis. In addition, a specific signature of apoptotic proteome, such as upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and activation of caspase cascades, was identified in GA-treated OSCC. Moreover, such induction of HO-1 expression and caspase cleavage by GA was significantly diminished through the pharmacological inhibition of p38 kinase. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that GA promotes cell apoptosis in OSCC, accompanied with the activation of a p38-dependent apoptotic pathway. Our findings provide potential avenues for the use of GA with high safety and therapeutic implications in restraining oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzu Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wen Su
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chiu
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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7
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Deoxyshikonin Mediates Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction and Apoptotic Response via p38 Signaling in Tongue Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137115. [PMID: 35806120 PMCID: PMC9266306 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxyshikonin (DSK), a phytochemical constituent, has been documented to elicit various oncostatic properties alone or in combination with established therapeutics. However, its role in restraining oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is mostly unclear. Here, we examined the tumor-suppressive effect of DSK and explored the molecular mechanisms underlying DSK’s activities on controlling oral cancer. Our results showed that DSK dose-dependently lessened the cell viability of tongue cancer cell lines, involving induction of cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1 phase and apoptotic cell death. Moreover, a unique signature of apoptosis-related proteins, including augmented nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and caspase activation, was observed in DSK-treated tongue cancer cell lines. Furthermore, DSK-mediated upregulation of HO-1 and cleavage of caspase-9 and -3 were significantly inhibited by pharmacological blockage of p38 kinase. Collectively, these data revealed that DSK halted cell cycle progression and elicited cell apoptosis in tongue cancer cell lines, reshaping a p38-dependent profile of apoptotic proteome. Our findings provided novel insights into the therapeutic implications of a natural compound on the management of OSCC.
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8
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Lu HJ, Chuang CY, Chen MK, Su CW, Yang WE, Yeh CM, Lai KM, Tang CH, Lin CW, Yang SF. The impact of ALDH7A1 variants in oral cancer development and prognosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4556-4571. [PMID: 35613852 PMCID: PMC9186774 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The gene encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 family member A1 (ALDH7A1) has been associated with the development and prognosis in multiple cancers; however, the role of ALDH7A1 polymorphisms in oral cancer remains unknown. For this purpose, the influences of ALDH7A1 rs13182402 and rs12659017 on oral cancer development and prognosis were analyzed. Our resulted showed that ALDH7A1 rs13182402 genotype had less pathologic nodal metastasis among betel quid chewer. ALDH7A1 rs13182402 also corresponded to higher expressions in upper aerodigestive mucosa, whole blood, the musculoskeletal system and oral cancer tissues than did the ALDH7A1 wild type. Furthermore, ALDH7A1 overexpression in oral cancer cells increased in vitro migration, whereas its silencing reduced cell migration. Conversely, ALDH7A1 expression in tumor tissues and in patients with advanced disease was lower than that in normal tissues and in patients with early-stage disease. When the patients were classified into ALDH7A1-high and -low-expression groups, the high-ALDH7A1 group had superior outcomes in progression-free survival than the low-ALDH7A1 group (5-year survival of 58.7% vs. 48.0%, P = 0.048) did. In conclusion, patients with high ALDH7A1 expression might, however, have more favorable prognoses than those with low ALDH7A1 expression have.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Ju Lu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wen Su
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Yeh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ming Lai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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9
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Sanghavi A, Srivatsa A, Adiga D, Chopra A, Lobo R, Kabekkodu SP, Gadag S, Nayak U, Sivaraman K, Shah A. Goji berry (Lycium barbarum) inhibits the proliferation, adhesion, and migration of oral cancer cells by inhibiting the ERK, AKT, and CyclinD cell signaling pathways: an in-vitro study. F1000Res 2022; 11:1563. [PMID: 36761830 PMCID: PMC9887205 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.129250.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lycium barbarum (L. barbarum), popularly referred to as Goji berry, is a promising herb known for its powerful anti-antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating inflammatory and infectious diseases. It has also shown good anti-cancer properties and has been tested against liver, colon, prostate, breast, and cervical cancers. However, no study has yet evaluated the role of goji berries against oral cancer. Hence, the present paper aims to evaluate the anticancer properties of L. barbarum against oral squamous cell carcinoma. Method: Ethanolic extract of L. barbarum (EELB) was tested for its anticancer properties by performing the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation, cell proliferation, and scratch wound test. The impact of EELB on the signaling transduction pathways of Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), protein kinase (AKT1), cyclin D1 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was also assessed by western blot. Results: The results showed that EELB can impede CAL-27 cell growth, proliferation and migration in-vitro. It even reduced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and AKT1 with concomitant downregulation of cyclin D1 (CCND1), cadherin 2 (CDH2), and vimentin (VIM) and upregulation of cadherin 1 (CDH1) expression suggesting its anti-proliferative and anti-EMT effects in oral cancer. Conclusion: Goji berry has good antiproliferative and anti-invasive properties. It affects potential EMT markers and signaling transduction pathways involved in oral cancers. Hence goji berry can be tried as a potential anticancer agent to manage oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amee Sanghavi
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ananth Srivatsa
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Aditi Chopra
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Richard Lobo
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shivaprasada Gadag
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Usha Nayak
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Karthik Sivaraman
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Ashmeet Shah
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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10
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Lin LH, Chou CH, Cheng HW, Chang KW, Liu CJ. Precise Identification of Recurrent Somatic Mutations in Oral Cancer Through Whole-Exome Sequencing Using Multiple Mutation Calling Pipelines. Front Oncol 2021; 11:741626. [PMID: 34912705 PMCID: PMC8666431 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.741626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genomic alterations in oral carcinogenesis remains crucial for the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To unveil the mutational spectrum, in this study, we conducted whole-exome sequencing (WES), using six mutation calling pipelines and multiple filtering criteria applied to 50 paired OSCC samples. The tumor mutation burden extracted from the data set of somatic variations was significantly associated with age, tumor staging, and survival. Several genes (MUC16, MUC19, KMT2D, TTN, HERC2) with a high frequency of false positive mutations were identified. Moreover, known (TP53, FAT1, EPHA2, NOTCH1, CASP8, and PIK3CA) and novel (HYDIN, ALPK3, ASXL1, USP9X, SKOR2, CPLANE1, STARD9, and NSD2) genes have been found to be significantly and frequently mutated in OSCC. Further analysis of gene alteration status with clinical parameters revealed that canonical pathways, including clathrin-mediated endocytotic signaling, NFκB signaling, PEDF signaling, and calcium signaling were associated with OSCC prognosis. Defining a catalog of targetable genomic alterations showed that 58% of the tumors carried at least one aberrant event that may potentially be targeted by approved therapeutic agents. We found molecular OSCC subgroups which were correlated with etiology and prognosis while defining the landscape of major altered events in the coding regions of OSCC genomes. These findings provide information that will be helpful in the design of clinical trials on targeted therapies and in the stratification of patients with OSCC according to therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Han Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsien Chou
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chang
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ji Liu
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Taipei MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Zeng L, Peng H, Yu H, Wang W, Duan C, Fang C, Wu Y. Expression profiles of tRNA-derived small RNA and their potential roles in oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 50:1057-1066. [PMID: 34558114 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although transfer RNA (tRNA) has been found to be the main source of a rich class of noncoding RNA, the tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) has been proved to play an irreplaceable role in the human body, and its dynamic imbalance could affect the progress of the disease. However, the research on tsRNA in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is still scarce. METHODS We sequenced the OSF and validated it by PCR. We found that there were significant differences in their expression levels in OSF. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis was performed to explore the roles of these fragments in oral submucous fibrosis. RESULTS Of 126 tsRNAs in OSF were dysregulated, including 73 upregulated tsRNAs and 53 downregulated tsRNAs. The downregulated tiRNA-Val-CAC-002, tRF-Asn-GTT-005, tRF-Trp-CCA-007 and upregulated tRF-Gly-TCC-016, tRF-Pro-TGG-009 showed significant differences by qRT-PCR validation, which were consistent with the results of RNA sequencing. Gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed that tRF-Gly-TCC-016 would possibly promote the formation and progress of OSF through cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and cAMP signal pathway, while tiRNA-Val-CAC-002 could be primarily concerned with the transition from OSF to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). CONCLUSION tRNA-derived fragments are dysregulated and could be involved in the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis. tRF-Gly-TCC-016 and tiRNA-Val-CAC-002 may be new regulatory molecules that could affect the process of OSF by regulating signal pathways through interacting with multiple genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liujun Zeng
- Centre of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University
| | - Hui Peng
- Centre of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University
| | - Huiqiao Yu
- Centre of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University
| | - Weiming Wang
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chaojun Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Centre of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University
| | - Yingfang Wu
- Centre of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Tumor, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Cancer and Precancerous Lesions, Central South University
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12
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Song C, Su SC, Huo Z, Vural S, Galvin JE, Chang LC. HCMMCNVs: hierarchical clustering mixture model of copy number variants detection using whole exome sequencing technology. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:3026-3028. [PMID: 33714997 PMCID: PMC8479678 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY In this article, we introduce a hierarchical clustering and Gaussian mixture model with expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for detecting copy number variants (CNVs) using whole exome sequencing (WES) data. The R shiny package 'HCMMCNVs' is also developed for processing user-provided bam files, running CNVs detection algorithm and conducting visualization. Through applying our approach to 325 cancer cell lines in 22 tumor types from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), we show that our algorithm is competitive with other existing methods and feasible in using multiple cancer cell lines for CNVs estimation. In addition, by applying our approach to WES data of 120 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) samples, our algorithm, using the tumor sample only, exhibits more power in detecting CNVs as compared with the methods using both tumors and matched normal counterparts. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION HCMMCNVs R shiny software is freely available at github repository https://github.com/lunching/HCMM_CNVs.and Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4593371. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Song
- Division of Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Suleyman Vural
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - James E Galvin
- Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Lun-Ching Chang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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13
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Sahu S, Routray S. Assessing the analytical efficacy of TEX in diagnosing oral cancer using a systematic review approach. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 50:123-128. [PMID: 33184963 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The 5-year survival rates in OSCC depend on the stage at diagnosis. Patients have better survival and favourable outcomes if detected early, as compared to those diagnosed in advanced stages. Apart from biopsy and mucosal scraping examinations, exosomes from saliva and blood are emerging as an accessible source for diagnosis and providing additional information about the tumour's characteristics. Hence, the study of tumour-derived exosomal (TEX) biomarkers obtained from a liquid biopsy is emerging as a promising diagnostic tool. In this systematic review, our effort is to assess the role of TEX as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchanda Sahu
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Samapika Routray
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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14
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Yang X, Zhang F, Shi Q, Wu Y. "Response to the letter to the editor "Concerns regarding the potentially causal role of FANCA heterozygous variants in human primary ovarian insufficiency"". Hum Genet 2020; 140:695-697. [PMID: 33175223 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Diseases, School of Life Sciences, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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15
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Yeh CM, Lin CW, Lu HJ, Chuang CY, Chou CH, Yang SF, Chen MK. Impact of SRY-Box Transcription Factor 11 Gene Polymorphisms on Oral Cancer Risk and Clinicopathologic Characteristics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124468. [PMID: 32586027 PMCID: PMC7352504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide and has become a major global health problem because of its relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. The sex-determining region on the Y-chromosome-related high-mobility-group box (SOX) transcription factor 11 (SOX11) plays a key role in human development and differentiation and is frequently increased in various human cancers. However, the clinical significance of SOX11 polymorphisms in oral cancer and their association with oral cancer risk are unclear. In this study, we included 1196 patients with oral cancer and 1200 controls. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to analyze three SOX11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs77996007, rs66465560, and rs68114586). Our results shown that SOX11 polymorphisms carriers with betel quid chewing were found to have an 8.38- to 9.23-fold risk to have oral cancer compared to SOX11 wild-type carriers without betel quid chewing. Furthermore, oral cancer patients who carried SOX11 rs77996007 “TC + CC” variants were significantly associated with large tumor size (AOR, 1.324; 95% CI, 1.047–1.674; p = 0.019). Moreover, a database analysis using the Cancer Genome Atlas suggested that SOX11 mRNA expression was high during the tumor development process. In conclusion, our results suggest that SOX11 rs77996007 is involved in oral cancer progression and clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ming Yeh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-M.Y.); (C.-H.C.)
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Ju Lu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Yi Chuang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-M.Y.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-M.Y.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-F.Y.); (M.-K.C.)
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (C.-M.Y.); (C.-H.C.)
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-F.Y.); (M.-K.C.)
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16
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Chu YH, Su CW, Hsieh YS, Chen PN, Lin CW, Yang SF. Carbonic Anhydrase III Promotes Cell Migration and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030704. [PMID: 32183030 PMCID: PMC7140601 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is strongly correlated with tumor metastasis and contains several protein markers, such as E-cadherin. Carbonic anhydrase III (CA III) exhibits low carbon dioxide hydratase activity in cancer. However, the detailed mechanisms of CA III and their roles in oral cancer are still unknown. This study established a CA III-overexpressed stable clone and observed the expression of CA III protein in human SCC-9 and SAS oral cancer cell lines. The migration and invasion abilities were determined using a Boyden chamber assay. Our results showed that the overexpression of CA III protein significantly increased the migration and invasion abilities in oral cancer cells. Moreover, a whole genome array analysis revealed that CA III regulated epithelial–mesenchymal transition by reducing the expression of epithelial markers. Data from the GEO database also demonstrated that CA III mRNA is negatively correlated with CDH1 mRNA. Mechanistically, CA III increased the cell motility of oral cancer cells through the FAK/Src signaling pathway. In conclusion, this suggests that CA III promotes EMT and cell migration and is potentially related to the FAK/Src signaling pathway in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hung Chu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Wen Su
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Yih-Shou Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-S.H.); (P.-N.C.)
| | - Pei-Ni Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-S.H.); (P.-N.C.)
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-424-739-595-342-53
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17
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Betel quid-associated cancer: Prevention strategies and targeted treatment. Cancer Lett 2020; 477:60-69. [PMID: 32112902 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Betel quid (BQ) and areca nut use are at risk of cancer. This review includes the latest evidence of carcinogenesis caused by BQ exposure, suggests possible prevention strategies. We conducted a systematic literature search in the PubMed and Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles published in the past 10 years according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Arecoline N-oxide, a metabolite of areca nut, is likely an initiator in carcinogenesis and is detoxified by N-acetylcysteine. Oral potentially malignant disorder and reactive oxygen species involved in carcinogenesis pathways may be treatable using antioxidants. Screening programs conducted by trained physicians are useful for identifying patients with early stages of oral cancer in high-risk groups. Anti-inflammatory medications may be used as chemopreventive agents in the disease-free stage after surgery. The association between survival and tumor somatic mutations in patients who chew BQ should be addressed in cancer studies. Current evidence on the natural course from BQ exposure to cancer occurrence and development provides information for developing primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies against BQ-associated cancer at clinical or translational levels.
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