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González-Soto N, Blasco N, Irazola M, Bilbao E, Guilhermino L, Cajaraville MP. Fate and effects of graphene oxide alone and with sorbed benzo(a)pyrene in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131280. [PMID: 37030218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has gained a great scientific and economic interest due to its unique properties. As incorporation of GO in consumer products is rising, it is expected that GO will end up in oceans. Due to its high surface to volume ratio, GO can adsorb persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), and act as carrier of POPs, increasing their bioavailability to marine organisms. Thus, uptake and effects of GO in marine biota represent a major concern. This work aimed to assess the potential hazards of GO, alone or with sorbed BaP (GO+BaP), and BaP alone in marine mussels after 7 days of exposure. GO was detected through Raman spectroscopy in the lumen of the digestive tract and in feces of mussels exposed to GO and GO+BaP while BaP was bioaccumulated in mussels exposed to GO+BaP, but especially in those exposed to BaP. Overall, GO acted as a carrier of BaP to mussels but GO appeared to protect mussels towards BaP accumulation. Some effects observed in mussels exposed to GO+BaP were due to BaP carried onto GO nanoplatelets. Enhanced toxicity of GO+BaP with respect to GO and/or BaP or to controls were identified for other biological responses, demonstrating the complexity of interactions between GO and BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagore González-Soto
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Science and Technology Faculty and Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Spain
| | - Nagore Blasco
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Science and Technology Faculty and Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Spain
| | - Mireia Irazola
- Dept. Analytical Chemistry and Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Spain
| | - Eider Bilbao
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Science and Technology Faculty and Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Spain
| | - Lúcia Guilhermino
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, ICBAS, Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar and Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Miren P Cajaraville
- CBET Research Group, Dept. Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Science and Technology Faculty and Plentzia Marine Station, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Basque Country, Spain.
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2
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Zemkollari M, Blaukopf M, Grabherr R, Staudacher E. Expression and Characterisation of the First Snail-Derived UDP-Gal: Glycoprotein-N-acetylgalactosamine β-1,3-Galactosyltransferase (T-Synthase) from Biomphalaria glabrata. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020552. [PMID: 36677618 PMCID: PMC9865085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
UDP-Gal: glycoprotein-N-acetylgalactosamine β-1,3-galactosyltransferase (T-synthase, EC 2.4.1.122) catalyses the transfer of the monosaccharide galactose from UDP-Gal to GalNAc-Ser/Thr, synthesizing the core 1 mucin type O-glycan. Such glycans play important biological roles in a number of recognition processes. The crucial role of these glycans is acknowledged for mammals, but a lot remains unknown regarding invertebrate and especially mollusc O-glycosylation. Although core O-glycans have been found in snails, no core 1 β-1,3-galactosyltransferase has been described so far. Here, the sequence of the enzyme was identified by a BlastP search of the NCBI Biomphalaria glabrata database using the human T-synthase sequence (NP_064541.1) as a template. The obtained gene codes for a 388 amino acids long transmembrane protein with two putative N-glycosylation sites. The coding sequence was synthesised and expressed in Sf9 cells. The expression product of the putative enzyme displayed core 1 β-1,3-galactosyltransferase activity using pNP-α-GalNAc as the substrate. The enzyme showed some sequence homology (49.40% with Homo sapiens, 53.69% with Drosophila melanogaster and 49.14% with Caenorhabditis elegans) and similar biochemical parameters with previously characterized T-synthases from other phyla. In this study we present the identification, expression and characterisation of the UDP-Gal: glycoprotein-N-acetylgalactosamine β-1,3-galactosyltransferase from the fresh-water snail Biomphalaria glabrata, which is the first cloned T-synthase from mollusc origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilica Zemkollari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Blaukopf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Reingard Grabherr
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Staudacher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-47654-77263
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3
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Hu ZX, Cheng C, Li YQ, Qi XH, Wang T, Liu L, Voglmeir J. Recombinant snail sialic acid aldolase is promiscuous towards aliphatic aldehydes. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200074. [PMID: 35543120 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aldolases are enzymes that reversibly catalyze the cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds. Here we describe a recombinant sialic acid aldolase originating from the freshwater snail Biomphalaria glabrata (sNPL), and compare its substrate spectrum with a sialic acid aldolase originating from chicken (chNPL). In contrast to vertebrate animals which can synthesize, degrade, and incorporate sialic acids on glycoconjugate ubiquitously, snails (as all mollusks) cannot synthesize sialic acids endogenously, and therefore the biological function and substrate scope of sNPL ought to differ significantly from vertebrate sialic aldolases such as chNPL. sNPL was active towards a series of sialic acid derivatives but was in contrast to chNPL unable to catalyze the cleavage of N-acetylneuraminic acid into N-acetylmannosamine and pyruvate. Interestingly, chNPL and sNPL showed contrasting C4 (R) / (S) diastereoselectivity towards the substrates d-mannose and d-galactose in the presence of pyruvate. In addition, sNPL was also able to synthesize a series of 4-hydroxy-2-oxoates using the corresponding aliphatic aldehyde substrates in the presence of pyruvate, which could be not achieved by chNPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xuan Hu
- Nanjing Agricultural University - Weigang Campus: Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, CHINA
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Nanjing Agricultural University - Weigang Campus: Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, CHINA
| | - Yu-Qian Li
- Nanjing Agricultural University - Weigang Campus: Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, CHINA
| | - Xiao-Han Qi
- Nanjing Agricultural University - Weigang Campus: Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, CHINA
| | - Ting Wang
- Nanjing Agricultural University - Weigang Campus: Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, CHINA
| | - Li Liu
- Nanjing Agricultural University - Weigang Campus: Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, CHINA
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Food Science And Technology, 1 Weigang, 210095, Nanjing, CHINA
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Mollusc N-glycosylation: Structures, Functions and Perspectives. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121820. [PMID: 34944464 PMCID: PMC8699351 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molluscs display a sophisticated N-glycan pattern on their proteins, which is, in terms of involved structural features, even more diverse than that of vertebrates. This review summarises the current knowledge of mollusc N-glycan structures, with a focus on the functional aspects of the corresponding glycoproteins. Furthermore, the potential of mollusc-derived biomolecules for medical applications is addressed, emphasising the importance of mollusc research.
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5
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Structure and function of the digestive system in molluscs. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:475-503. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Periyannan V, Veerasamy V. Syringic acid may attenuate the oral mucosal carcinogenesis via improving cell surface glycoconjugation and modifying cytokeratin expression. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:1098-1106. [PMID: 30425931 PMCID: PMC6222029 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Syringic acid (SRA) is an excellent anti-oxidant and anti-cancer property in various in vitro and in vivo studies. In the present study was modifying effect of SRA on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced cell surface glycoconjugates (GCs) abnormalities in the plasma and buccal mucosa of golden Syrian hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis (HBPCs). Topical application of DMBA three times a week for 10 weeks on the buccal pouches of the hamsters resulted in well developed squamous cell carcinoma. GCs status was assessed biochemically, histological and immunoexpression pattern of cytokeratin (CK) in the buccal mucosa of the DMBA treated hamsters. Elevated levels of GCs and CK expression were observed in DMBA alone treated hamsters. Oral pre-administration of SRA (50 mg/kg bw) positively modulates the GCs levels and CK expressions to near normal. The present findings suggested that SRA can protect cell surface GCs and CK expression during DMBA induced HBPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vinothkumar Veerasamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002, Tamilnadu, India
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Múgica M, Izagirre U, Marigómez I. Lysosomal responses to heat-shock of seasonal temperature extremes in Cd-exposed mussels. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 164:99-107. [PMID: 25938980 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at determining the effect of temperature extremes on lysosomal biomarkers in mussels exposed to a model toxic pollutant (Cd) at different seasons. For this purpose, temperature was elevated 10°C (from 12°C to 22°C in winter and from 18°C to 28°C in summer) for a period of 6h (heat-shock) in control and Cd-exposed mussels, and then returned back to initial one. Lysosomal membrane stability and lysosomal structural changes in digestive gland were investigated. In winter, heat-shock reduced the labilisation period (LP) of the lysosomal membrane, especially in Cd-exposed mussels, and provoked transient lysosomal enlargement. LP values recovered after the heat-shock cessation but lysosomal enlargement prevailed in both experimental groups. In summer, heat-shock induced remarkable reduction in LP and lysosomal enlargement (more markedly in Cd-exposed mussels), which recovered within 3 days. Besides, whilst heat-shock effects on LP were practically identical for Cd-exposed mussels in winter and summer, the effects were longer-lasting in summer than in winter for control mussels. Thus, lysosomal responsiveness after heat-shock was higher in summer than in winter but recovery was faster as well, and therefore the consequences of the heat shock seem to be more decisive in winter. In contrast, inter-season differences were attenuated in the presence of Cd. Consequently, mussels seem to be better prepared in summer than in winter to stand short periods of abrupt temperature change; this is, however, compromised when mussels are exposed to pollutants such as Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Múgica
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - U Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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8
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Mucin-Type O-Glycosylation in Invertebrates. Molecules 2015; 20:10622-40. [PMID: 26065637 PMCID: PMC6272458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
O-Glycosylation is one of the most important posttranslational modifications of proteins. It takes part in protein conformation, protein sorting, developmental processes and the modulation of enzymatic activities. In vertebrates, the basics of the biosynthetic pathway of O-glycans are already well understood. However, the regulation of the processes and the molecular aspects of defects, especially in correlation with cancer or developmental abnormalities, are still under investigation. The knowledge of the correlating invertebrate systems and evolutionary aspects of these highly conserved biosynthetic events may help improve the understanding of the regulatory factors of this pathway. Invertebrates display a broad spectrum of glycosylation varieties, providing an enormous potential for glycan modifications which may be used for the design of new pharmaceutically active substances. Here, overviews of the present knowledge of invertebrate mucin-type O-glycan structures and the currently identified enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of these oligosaccharides are presented, and the few data dealing with functional aspects of O-glycans are summarised.
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9
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Múgica M, Sokolova IM, Izagirre U, Marigómez I. Season-dependent effects of elevated temperature on stress biomarkers, energy metabolism and gamete development in mussels. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 103:1-10. [PMID: 25460056 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In coastal areas, sessile species can be severely affected by thermal stress associated to climate change. Presently, the effect of elevated temperature on metabolic, cellular and tissue-level responses of mussels was determined to assess whether the responses vary seasonally with seawater temperature and reproductive stage. Mussels were collected in fall, winter and summer, and (a) maintained at 16, 12, and 20 °C respectively or (b) subject to gradual temperature elevation for 8 days (+1 °C per day; from 16 to 24 °C in fall, from 12 to 20 °C in winter and from 20 to 28 °C in summer) and further maintained at 24 °C (fall), 20 °C (winter) and 28 °C (summer) for the following 6 days. Temperature elevation induced membrane destabilization, lysosomal enlargement, and reduced the aerobic scope in fall and summer whereas in winter no significant changes were found. Changes at tissue-level were only evident at 28 °C. Gamete development was impaired irrespective of season. Since the threshold of negative effects of warming was close to ambient temperatures in summer (24 °C or above) studied mussel populations would be vulnerable to the global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Múgica
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I M Sokolova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - U Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - I Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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10
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Falfushynska H, Gnatyshyna L, Yurchak I, Ivanina A, Stoliar O, Sokolova I. Habitat pollution and thermal regime modify molecular stress responses to elevated temperature in freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina: Unionidae). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 500-501:339-350. [PMID: 25240236 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Elevated temperature and pollution are common stressors in freshwater ecosystems. We study cellular stress response to acute warming in Anodonta anatina (Unionidae) from sites with different thermal regimes and pollution levels: a pristine area and an agriculturally polluted site with normal temperature regimes (F and A, respectively) and a polluted site with elevated temperature (N) from the cooling pond of an electrical power plant. Animals were exposed to different temperatures for 14 days and stress response markers were measured in gills, digestive gland and hemocytes. Mussels from site N and A had elevated background levels of lactate dehydrogenase activity indicating higher reliance on anaerobic metabolism for ATP production and/or redox maintenance. Exposure to 25°C and 30°C induced oxidative stress (indicated by elevated levels of lipid peroxidation products) in digestive gland and gills of mussels from A and F sites, while in mussels from N sites elevated oxidative stress was only apparent at 30°C. Temperature-induced changes in levels of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, metallothioneins and glutathione) were tissue- and population-specific. Acute warming led to destabilization of lysosomal membranes and increased frequencies of nuclear lesions in mussels from F and A sites but not in their counterparts from N site. Elevated temperature led to an increase in the frequency of micronuclei in hemocytes in mussels from F and A sites at 25°C and 30°C and in mussels from N site at 30°C. The mussels from N site also demonstrated better survival at elevated temperature (30°C) than their counterparts from the F and A sites. Taken together, these data indicate that long-term acclimation and/or adaptation of A. anatina to elevated temperatures result in increased thermotolerance and alleviate stress response to moderate temperature rise. In contrast, extreme warming (30°C) is harmful to mussels from all populations indicating limit to this induced thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Falfushynska
- Research Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ternopil National Pedagogical University, Kryvonosa Str 2, 46027 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - L Gnatyshyna
- Research Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ternopil National Pedagogical University, Kryvonosa Str 2, 46027 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - I Yurchak
- Research Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ternopil National Pedagogical University, Kryvonosa Str 2, 46027 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - A Ivanina
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - O Stoliar
- Research Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ternopil National Pedagogical University, Kryvonosa Str 2, 46027 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - I Sokolova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
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Taus C, Windwarder M, Altmann F, Grabherr R, Staudacher E. UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase from the snail Biomphalaria glabrata - substrate specificity and preference of glycosylation sites. Glycoconj J 2014; 31:661-70. [PMID: 25338825 PMCID: PMC4245494 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-014-9565-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
O-glycosylation is a widely occurring posttranslational modification of proteins. The glycosylation status of a specific site may influence the location, activity and function of a protein. The initiating enzyme of mucin-type O-glycosylation is UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide GalNAc transferase (ppGalNAcT; EC 2.4.1.41). Using electron-transfer dissociation mass spectrometry, ppGalNAcT from the snail Biomphalaria glabrata was characterized regarding its ability to glycosylate threonine and serine residues in different peptide sequence environments. The preferences of the snail enzyme for flanking amino acids of the potential glycosylation site were very similar to vertebrate and insect members of the family. Acceptor sites with adjacent proline residues were highly preferred, while other residues caused less pronounced effects. No specific O-glycosylation consensus sequence was found. The results obtained from synthetic peptides were in good correlation with the observed glycosylation patterns of native peptides and with the order of attachment in a multi-glycosylated peptide. The snail enzyme clearly preferred threonine over serine in the in vitro assays. No significant differences of transfer speed or efficiency could be detected using a mutant of the enzyme lacking the lectin domain. This is the first characterisation of the substrate specificity of a member of the ppGalNAcT family from mollusc origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Taus
- Department of Chemistry, Glycobiology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- Present Address: Institute of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Windwarder
- Department of Chemistry, Glycobiology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Altmann
- Department of Chemistry, Glycobiology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Reingard Grabherr
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Staudacher
- Department of Chemistry, Glycobiology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Katsumiti A, Berhanu D, Howard KT, Arostegui I, Oron M, Reip P, Valsami-Jones E, Cajaraville MP. Cytotoxicity of TiO2nanoparticles to mussel hemocytes and gill cellsin vitro: Influence of synthesis method, crystalline structure, size and additive. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:543-53. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.952362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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13
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Izagirre U, Errasti A, Bilbao E, Múgica M, Marigómez I. Combined effects of thermal stress and Cd on lysosomal biomarkers and transcription of genes encoding lysosomal enzymes and HSP70 in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 149:145-156. [PMID: 24656323 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In estuaries and coastal areas, intertidal organisms may be subject to thermal stress resulting from global warming, together with pollution. In the present study, the combined effects of thermal stress and exposure to Cd were investigated in the endo-lysosomal system of digestive cells in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were maintained for 24h at 18°C and 26°C seawater temperature in absence and presence of 50 μg Cd/L seawater. Cadmium accumulation in digestive gland tissue, lysosomal structural changes and membrane stability were determined. Semi-quantitative PCR was applied to reveal the changes elicited by the different experimental conditions in hexosaminidase (hex), β-glucuronidase (gusb), cathepsin L (ctsl) and heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) gene transcription levels. Thermal stress provoked lysosomal enlargement whilst Cd-exposure led to fusion of lysosomes. Both thermal stress and Cd-exposure caused lysosomal membrane destabilisation. hex, gusb and ctsl genes but not hsp70 gene were transcriptionally up-regulated as a result of thermal stress. In contrast, all the studied genes were transcriptionally down-regulated in response to Cd-exposure. Cd bioaccumulation was comparable at 18°C and 26°C seawater temperatures but interactions between thermal stress and Cd-exposure were remarkable both in lysosomal biomarkers and in gene transcription. hex, gusb and ctsl genes, reacted to elevated temperature in absence of Cd but not in Cd-exposed mussels. Therefore, thermal stress resulting from global warming might influence the use and interpretation of lysosomal biomarkers in marine pollution monitoring programmes and, vice versa, the presence of pollutants may condition the capacity of mussels to respond against thermal stress in a climate change scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Aitzpea Errasti
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Eider Bilbao
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - María Múgica
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ionan Marigómez
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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14
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Xue Q, Gauthier J, Schey K, Li Y, Cooper R, Anderson R, La Peyre J. Identification of a novel metal binding protein, segon, in plasma of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 163:74-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Volland JM, Gros O. Cytochemical investigation of the digestive gland of two strombidae species (Strombus gigas and Strombus pugilis) in relation to the nutrition. Microsc Res Tech 2012; 75:1353-60. [PMID: 22628255 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Strombus gigas and Strombus pugilis are threatened species and aquaculture represents a good alternative solution to the fishing. In this study, we highlighted the intracellular digestion process in the digestive gland of two Strombidae species, S. gigas and Strombuspugilis, by the cytochemical characterization of two lysosomal enzymes: acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase. In order to check the efficiency of artificial food digestion, we conducted the characterization on freshly collected, starved and artificially fed individuals of S. pugilis. TEM observations of digestive gland sections from freshly collected individuals of both species revealed the presence of acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase activity mostly located in the apical third of digestive cells. Both enzymes were also detected in artificially fed individuals. In response to the starvation, acid phosphatase is not produced anymore by digestive cells, while arylsulfatase is still present. To our knowledge, this is the first cytochemical validation of intracellular digestion of artificial food in Strombidae. This study highlights the intracellular digestion of artificial food developed for Strombidae aquaculture. Moreover, we have shown that the lysosomal activity could be used as a feed index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Volland
- Département de Biologie, UMR 7138 SAE, Equipe Biologie de la mangrove, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UFR des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France.
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Stepan H, Pabst M, Altmann F, Geyer H, Geyer R, Staudacher E. O-Glycosylation of snails. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:189-98. [PMID: 22581130 PMCID: PMC3372779 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9391-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The glycosylation abilities of snails deserve attention, because snail species serve as intermediate hosts in the developmental cycles of some human and cattle parasites. In analogy to many other host-pathogen relations, the glycosylation of snail proteins may likewise contribute to these host-parasite interactions. Here we present an overview on the O-glycan structures of 8 different snails (land and water snails, with or without shell): Arion lusitanicus, Achatina fulica, Biomphalaria glabrata, Cepaea hortensis, Clea helena, Helix pomatia, Limax maximus and Planorbarius corneus. The O-glycans were released from the purified snail proteins by β-elimination. Further analysis was carried out by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and – for the main structures – by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Snail O-glycans are built from the four monosaccharide constituents: N-acetylgalactosamine, galactose, mannose and fucose. An additional modification is a methylation of the hexoses. The common trisaccharide core structure was determined in Arion lusitanicus to be N-acetylgalactosamine linked to the protein elongated by two 4-O-methylated galactose residues. Further elongations by methylated and unmethylated galactose and mannose residues and/or fucose are present. The typical snail O-glycan structures are different to those so far described. Similar to snail N-glycan structures they display methylated hexose residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herwig Stepan
- Department of Chemistry, Glycobiology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1190, Vienna, Austria
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Raftopoulou EK, Dimitriadis VK. Aspects of the digestive gland cells of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, in relation to lysosomal enzymes, lipofuscin presence and shell size: contribution in the assessment of marine pollution biomarkers. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2012; 64:182-188. [PMID: 22225914 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the histochemical localization of N-acetyl-β-hexozaminidase (Hex), acid phosphatase (AcP) and β-glucuronidase (β-Gus) in the digestive gland of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis, as well as the clarification of suitable enzyme for biomarkers' application dealing with lysosomes. The results show more intense and homogenous localization of Hex, in relation to AcP and β-Gus and, thus, Hex histochemistry is supported as more suitable procedure for the evaluation of "lysosomal membrane stability" and "morphometrical alterations of lysosomes". The affection of lipofuscin granules on lysosomal enzymes' activity is also discussed. Additionally, the present study examines the response of small- and large-sized mussels M. galloprovincialis by assessing the "lysosomal membrane stability", "morphometrical alterations of lysosomes", "lysosomal response index (LRI)" and "structural epithelial changes in digestive tubules". The results indicate appreciable alterations of the above parameters in large-sized mussels, supporting their greater influence by the environmental factors, in relation to small-sized ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Raftopoulou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
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Zhu J, Lu K, Zhang C, Liang J, Hu Z. Biochemical and ultrastructural changes in the hepatopancreas of Bellamya aeruginosa (Gastropoda) fed with toxic cyanobacteria. ScientificWorldJournal 2011; 11:2091-105. [PMID: 22125458 PMCID: PMC3217598 DOI: 10.1100/2011/402326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate ultrastructural alterations and biochemical responses in the hepatopancreas of the freshwater snail Bellamya aeruginosa after exposure to two treatments: toxic cyanobacterium (Microcystis aeruginosa) and toxic cyanobacterial cells mixed with a non-toxic green alga (Scendesmus quadricauda) for a period of 15 days of intoxication, followed by a 15-day detoxification period. The toxic algal suspension induced a very pronounced increase of the activities of acid phosphatases, alkaline phosphatases and glutathione S-transferases (ACP, ALP and GST) in the liver at the later stage of intoxication. During the depuration, enzymatic activity tended to return to the levels close to those in the control. The activity of GST displayed the most pronounced response among different algal suspensions. Severe cytoplasmic vacuolization, condensation and deformation of nucleus, dilation and myeloid-like in mitochondria, disruption of rough endoplasmic reticulum, proliferation of lysosome, telolysosomes and apoptotic body were observed in the tissues. All cellular organelles began recovery after the snails were transferred to the S. quadricauda. The occurrence of a large amount of activated lysosomes and heterolysosomes and augment in activity of detoxification enzyme GST might be an adaptive mechanism to eliminate or lessen cell damage caused by hepatotoxicity to B. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Garmendia L, Soto M, Vicario U, Kim Y, Cajaraville MP, Marigómez I. Application of a battery of biomarkers in mussel digestive gland to assess long-term effects of the Prestige oil spill in Galicia and Bay of Biscay: tissue-level biomarkers and histopathology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 13:915-32. [PMID: 21290065 DOI: 10.1039/c0em00410c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to assess the biological effects of the Prestige oil spill (POS), mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, were collected in 22 localities along the North coast of the Iberian Peninsula over 3 years (April 2003-April 2006). Different tissue-level biomarkers including cell type composition (volume density of basophilic cells, Vv(BAS)) in digestive gland epithelium, structural changes of digestive alveoli (mean luminal radius to mean epithelial thickness, MLR/MET) and histopathological alterations (prevalence and intensity) of the digestive gland were analysed. Severe alterations in the general condition of the digestive gland tissue were observed all over the study area up to 2004-2005. High Vv(BAS) values were recorded mainly in Galicia but also to a lesser extent in the Bay of Biscay in 2003-2004. Atrophy of the digestive alveoli, measured in terms of MLR/MET, was detected all along the studied area up to 2006. Inflammatory responses cannot be related to pollution due to the POS: (a) prevalence and intensity of focal hemocytic infiltration were higher in the Bay of Biscay than in Galicia but they did not show a clear temporal trend; (b) high intensities of brown cell aggregates were only sporadically recorded; and (c) granulocytomas were more frequently recorded in the Bay of Biscay than in Galicia and especially in localities (i.e. Arrigunaga) subjected to chronic pollution. Likewise, Marteilia, trematodes, intracellular ciliates, unidentified eosinophilic bodies, R/CLO and Mytilicola did not follow any recognisable pattern that could be associated to the POS. In contrast, high Nematopsis intensities recorded in several localities in 2003 might suggest some response of local interest after the POS (i.e., in combination with particular factors/conditions). More data at a regional scale are needed before histopathology may provide a reliable ecosystem health assessment but the present results suggest that the approach is worthwhile. Overall, although Vv(BAS) returned to reference values by 2004-2005, MLR/MET values indicated that the mussel health condition was affected during the whole study period up to April 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larraitz Garmendia
- Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology Research Group, Zoology & Cell Biology Dept, Science & Technology Faculty, University of Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Sarriena auzoa Z/G, 48940 Leioa-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain
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Brooks S, Harman C, Zaldibar B, Izagirre U, Glette T, Marigómez I. Integrated biomarker assessment of the effects exerted by treated produced water from an onshore natural gas processing plant in the North Sea on the mussel Mytilus edulis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2011; 62:327-39. [PMID: 21055778 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The biological impact of a treated produced water (PW) was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. Mussel health status was assessed using an integrated biomarker approach in combination with chemical analysis of both water (with SPMDs), and mussel tissues. Acyl-CoA oxidase activity, neutral lipid accumulation, catalase activity, micronuclei formation, lysosomal membrane stability in digestive cells and haemocytes, cell-type composition in digestive gland epithelium, and the integrity of the digestive gland tissue were measured after 5 week exposure to 0%, 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% PW. The suite of biomarkers employed were sensitive to treated PW exposure with significant sublethal responses found at 0.01-0.5% PW, even though individual chemical compounds of PW were at extremely low concentrations in both water and mussel tissues. The study highlights the benefits of an integrated biomarker approach for determining the potential effects of exposure to complex mixtures at low concentrations. Biomarkers were integrated in the Integrative Biological Response (IBR/n) index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Brooks
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
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Izagirre U, Angulo E, Wade SC, ap Gwynn I, Marigómez I. β-Glucuronidase and hexosaminidase are marker enzymes for different compartments of the endo-lysosomal system in mussel digestive cells. Cell Tissue Res 2008; 335:441-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-008-0693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 09/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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