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Jiang C, Chen Z, Liao W, Zhang R, Chen G, Ma L, Yu H. The Medicinal Species of the Lycium Genus (Goji Berries) in East Asia: A Review of Its Effect on Cell Signal Transduction Pathways. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1531. [PMID: 38891336 PMCID: PMC11174690 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Natural plants contain numerous chemical compounds that are beneficial to human health. The berries from the Lycium genus are widely consumed and are highly nutritious. Moreover, their chemical constituents have attracted attention for their health-promoting properties. In East Asia, there are three varieties of the Lycium genus (Lycium barbarum L., Lycium chinense Miller, and L. ruthenicum Murray) that possess medicinal value and are commonly used for treating chronic diseases and improving metabolic disorders. These varieties are locally referred to as "red Goji berries" or "black Goji berries" due to their distinct colors, and they differ in their chemical compositions, primarily in terms of carotenoid and anthocyanin content. The pharmacological functions of these berries include anti-aging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-exercise fatigue effects. This review aims to analyze previous and recent studies on the active ingredients and pharmacological activities of these Lycium varieties, elucidating their signaling pathways and assessing their impact on the gut microbiota. Furthermore, the potential prospects for using these active ingredients in the treatment of COVID-19 are evaluated. This review explores the potential targets of these Lycium varieties in the treatment of relevant diseases, highlighting their potential value in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lijuan Ma
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (C.J.); (Z.C.); (W.L.); (R.Z.); (G.C.)
| | - Haijie Yu
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; (C.J.); (Z.C.); (W.L.); (R.Z.); (G.C.)
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2
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Samare-Najaf M, Neisy A, Samareh A, Moghadam D, Jamali N, Zarei R, Zal F. The constructive and destructive impact of autophagy on both genders' reproducibility, a comprehensive review. Autophagy 2023; 19:3033-3061. [PMID: 37505071 PMCID: PMC10621263 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2238577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reproduction is characterized by a series of massive renovations at molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. Recent studies have strongly tended to reveal the involvement of basic molecular pathways such as autophagy, a highly conserved eukaryotic cellular recycling, during reproductive processes. This review comprehensively describes the current knowledge, updated to September 2022, of autophagy contribution during reproductive processes in males including spermatogenesis, sperm motility and viability, and male sex hormones and females including germ cells and oocytes viability, ovulation, implantation, fertilization, and female sex hormones. Furthermore, the consequences of disruption in autophagic flux on the reproductive disorders including oligospermia, azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, globozoospermia, premature ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, and other disorders related to infertility are discussed as well.Abbreviations: AKT/protein kinase B: AKT serine/threonine kinase; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; E2: estrogen; EDs: endocrine disruptors; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FSH: follicle stimulating hormone; FOX: forkhead box; GCs: granulosa cells; HIF: hypoxia inducible factor; IVF: in vitro fertilization; IVM: in vitro maturation; LCs: Leydig cells; LDs: lipid droplets; LH: luteinizing hormone; LRWD1: leucine rich repeats and WD repeat domain containing 1; MAP1LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NFKB/NF-kB: nuclear factor kappa B; P4: progesterone; PCOS: polycystic ovarian syndrome; PDLIM1: PDZ and LIM domain 1; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; POI: premature ovarian insufficiency; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SCs: Sertoli cells; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TSGA10: testis specific 10; TST: testosterone; VCP: vasolin containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Samare-Najaf
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Kerman Regional Blood Transfusion Center, Kerman, Iran
| | - Asma Neisy
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Samareh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Delaram Moghadam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Jamali
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Reza Zarei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Infertility Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zheng H, Hu Y, Shao M, Chen S, Qi S. Chromium Picolinate Protects against Testicular Damage in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats via Anti-Inflammation, Anti-Oxidation, Inhibiting Apoptosis, and Regulating the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:7669. [PMID: 38005391 PMCID: PMC10674689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromium picolinate (CP) is an organic compound that has long been used to treat diabetes. Our previous studies found CP could relieve diabetic nephropathy. Thus, we speculate that it might have a positive effect on diabetic testicular injury. In this study, a diabetic rat model was established, and then the rats were treated with CP for 8 weeks. We found that the levels of blood glucose, food, and water intake were reduced, and body weight was enhanced in diabetic rats after CP supplementation. Meanwhile, in CP treatment groups, the levels of male hormone and sperm parameters were improved, the pathological structure of the testicular tissue was repaired, and testicular fibrosis was inhibited. In addition, CP reduced the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines, and decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis in the testicular tissue. In conclusion, CP could ameliorate testicular damage in diabetic rats, as well as being a potential testicle-protective nutrient in the future to prevent the testicular damage caused by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Zheng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Qinba Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Hanzhong 723000, China
- Shaanxi Black Organic Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Yingjun Hu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Qinba Mountain Area Collaborative Innovation Center of Bioresources Comprehensive Development, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Mengli Shao
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Simin Chen
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bioresources, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China; (H.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (S.C.)
- Shaanxi Daoerfeng Biotechnology Company, Hanzhong 723000, China
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Raee P, Tan SC, Najafi S, Zandsalimi F, Low TY, Aghamiri S, Fazeli E, Aghapour M, Mofarahe ZS, Heidari MH, Fathabadi FF, Abdi F, Asouri M, Ahmadi AA, Ghanbarian H. Autophagy, a critical element in the aging male reproductive disorders and prostate cancer: a therapeutic point of view. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:88. [PMID: 37749573 PMCID: PMC10521554 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01134-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved, lysosome-dependent biological mechanism involved in the degradation and recycling of cellular components. There is growing evidence that autophagy is related to male reproductive biology, particularly spermatogenic and endocrinologic processes closely associated with male sexual and reproductive health. In recent decades, problems such as decreasing sperm count, erectile dysfunction, and infertility have worsened. In addition, reproductive health is closely related to overall health and comorbidity in aging men. In this review, we will outline the role of autophagy as a new player in aging male reproductive dysfunction and prostate cancer. We first provide an overview of the mechanisms of autophagy and its role in regulating male reproductive cells. We then focus on the link between autophagy and aging-related diseases. This is followed by a discussion of therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy before we end with limitations of current studies and suggestions for future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Raee
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19395-4719, Iran
| | - Farshid Zandsalimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahin Aghamiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Fazeli
- Mehr Fertility Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahyar Aghapour
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Zahra Shams Mofarahe
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Heidari
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fadaei Fathabadi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Abdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Asouri
- North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Ghanbarian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19395-4719, Iran.
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Diabetes-Induced Autophagy Dysregulation Engenders Testicular Impairment via Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:4365895. [PMID: 36778206 PMCID: PMC9918358 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4365895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Testes produce sperms, and gamete generation relies on a proper niche environment. The disruption of hierarchical regulatory homeostasis in Leydig or Sertoli cells may evoke a sterile phenotype in humans. In this study, we recapitulated type 2 diabetes mellitus by using a high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed mouse model to identify the phenotype and potential mechanism of diabetes-induced testicular impairment. At the end of the study, blood glucose levels, testosterone structure, testicular antioxidant capacity, and testosterone level and the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor- (HIF-) 1α, apoptosis-related protein cleaved-caspase3, and autophagy-related proteins such as LC3I/II, p62, and Beclin1 were evaluated. We found that long-term HFD treatment causes the development of diabetes mellitus, implicating increased serum glucose level, cell apoptosis, and testicular atrophy (P < 0.05 vs. Ctrl). Mechanistically, the results showed enhanced expression of HIF-1α in both Sertoli and Leydig cells (P < 0.05 vs. Ctrl). Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were demonstrated to be a potential factor leading to HIF-1α upregulation in both cell types. In Sertoli cells, high glucose treatment had minor effects on Sertoli cell autophagy. However, AGE treatment stagnated the autophagy flux and escalated cell apoptosis (P < 0.05 vs. Ctrl+Ctrl). In Leydig cells, high glucose treatment was adequate to encumber autophagy induction and enhance oxidative stress. Similarly, AGE treatment facilitated HIF-1α expression and hampered testosterone production (P < 0.05 vs. Ctrl+Ctrl). Overall, these findings highlight the dual effects of diabetes on autophagy regulation in Sertoli and Leydig cells while imposing oxidative stress in both cell types. Furthermore, the upregulation of HIF-1α, which could be triggered by AGE treatment, may negatively affect both cell types. Together, these findings will help us further understand the molecular mechanism of diabetes-induced autophagy dysregulation and testicular impairment, enriching the content of male reproductive biology in diabetic patients.
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Poggioni L, Romi M, Guarnieri M, Cai G, Cantini C. Nutraceutical profile of goji (Lycium barbarum L.) berries in relation to environmental conditions and harvesting period. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Abdulla JM, Al-Okaily BN. Histomorphometric and Histopathological Alterations of Rat Testis Following Exposure to Hydrogen Peroxide: Protective Role of Resveratrol Supplement. THE IRAQI JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.30539/ijvm.v46i1.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RS) is widely used in medical fields as an antioxidant. Current research investigated the protective role of RS supplement on histomorphometric and histopathological alterations in testes were caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) of rats as an animal model. Thirty-two adult rats were utilized in this study, divided randomly into 4 equal groups as follows. The group C was given tap water only and served as control, the 2nd group (G1) was given 0.5% of H2O2 of tap water, the 3rd group (G2) was given tap water containing 0.5% of H2O2 and intubated RS supplement at 87 mg/kg BW, and 4th group intubated RS supplement 87 mg/kg BW. after 56 days of treatment, rats were euthanized, dissected then, specimens of testes tissue were collected for histomorphometric and histopathological evaluation. Our results showed that administration of H2O2 caused a significant histomorphometric with histopathological changes in the form of a thickness of fibrous tunica albuginea, disarrangement of germ cells, necrosis of spermatogonia, edema, and loss of sperms as compared to other groups. Meanwhile, these histological alterations were partially attenuated in the G2 group that intubated resveratrol. Thus, the current study concluded that resveratrol may have therapeutic value in the treatment of induced testicular injury by H2O2 due to its antioxidant activity and attenuation of harmful effects of oxidative stress through a mechanism that should be elucidated in future studies.
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Xiong P, Cheng XY, Sun XY, Chen XW, Ouyang JM. Interaction between nanometer calcium oxalate and renal epithelial cells repaired with carboxymethylated polysaccharides. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 137:212854. [PMID: 35929244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Injury of renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) is an important cause of kidney stone formation. In this article, the repairing effect of polysaccharide (PCP0) extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Poria cocos and its carboxymethylated derivatives on damaged HK-2 cells was studied, and the differences in adhesion and endocytosis of the cells to nanometer calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) before and after repair were explored. METHODS Sodium oxalate (2.8 mmol/L) was used to damage HK-2 cells to establish a damage model, and then Poria cocos polysaccharides (PCPs) with different carboxyl (COOH) contents were used to repair the damaged cells. The changes in the biochemical indicators of the cells before and after the repair and the changes in the ability to adhere to and internalize nano-COM were detected. RESULTS The natural PCPs (PCP0, COOH content = 2.56%) were carboxymethylated, and three carboxylated modified Poria cocos with 7.48% (PCP1), 12.07% (PCP2), and 17.18% (PCP3) COOH contents were obtained. PCPs could repair the damaged HK-2 cells, and the cell viability was enhanced after repair. The cell morphology was gradually repaired, the proliferation and healing rate were increased. The ROS production was reduced, and the polarity of the mitochondrial membrane potential was restored. The level of intracellular Ca2+ ions decreased, and the autophagy response was weakened. CONCLUSION The cells repaired by PCPs inhibited the adhesion to nano-COM and simultaneously promoted the endocytosis of nano-COM. The endocytic crystals mainly accumulated in the lysosome. Inhibiting adhesion and increasing endocytosis could reduce the nucleation, growth, and aggregation of cell surface crystals, thereby inhibiting the formation of kidney stones. With the increase of COOH content in PCPs, its ability to repair damaged cells, inhibit crystal adhesion, and promote crystal endocytosis all increased, that is, PCP3 with the highest COOH content showed the best ability to inhibit stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiong
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Cheng
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510230, China
| | - Xue-Wu Chen
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Li XY, Wang YJ, Chen S, Pan LH, Li QM, Luo JP, Zha XQ. Laminaria japonica Polysaccharide Suppresses Atherosclerosis via Regulating Autophagy-Mediated Macrophage Polarization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3633-3643. [PMID: 35167294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of a homogeneous Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP61A) on macrophage polarization in high-fat-diet-fed LDLr-/- mice and Ox-LDL-induced macrophages. Results showed that LJP61A remarkably reduced the lesion burden in atherosclerotic mice, alleviated lipid deposition in Ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages, decreased the expression of M1 macrophage markers, and increased the expression of M2 macrophage markers, thus reducing the M1/M2 macrophage phenotype ratio. Meanwhile, the autophagic flux of macrophages was enhanced by LJP61A treatment in vitro and in vivo. 3-Methyladenine is an autophagic inhibitor. As expected, this inhibitor blocked the effects of LJP61A on macrophage polarization. SIRT1 and FoxO1 are two key upstream genes that control the autophagy behavior. We also found that LJP61A significantly up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 and FoxO1. However, these effects of LJP61A were abolished by the SIRT1 siRNA and FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856. These results suggested that LJP61A reduced atherosclerosis in HFD-induced LDLr-/- mice via regulating autophagy-mediated macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ying Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jing Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Pan
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang-Ming Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- Engineering Research Centre of Bioprocess of Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Disease of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, No 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
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10
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Huang R, Wu E, Deng X. Potential of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide for the control of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2057529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Enhui Wu
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou China
| | - Xiangliang Deng
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou China
- Department of Basic Teaching and Research Section of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Yunfu China
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11
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Gao YY, Li J, Huang J, Li WJ, Yu Y. Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the photoinduced autophagy of retinal pigment epithelium cells. Int J Ophthalmol 2022; 15:23-30. [PMID: 35047352 PMCID: PMC8720358 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2022.01.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis in photoinduced injuries in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and how Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) contributes to the increased of RPE cells to photoinduced autophagy. METHODS In vitro cultures of human RPE strains (ARPE-19) were prepared and randomly divided into the blank control, model, low-dose LBP, middle-dose LBP, high-dose LBP, and 3-methyladenine (3MA) groups. The viability of the RPE cells and apoptosis levels in each group were tested through cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) method with a flow cytometer (Annexin V/PI double staining technique). The expression levels of LC3II, LC3I, and P62 proteins were detected with the immunofluorescence method. The expression levels of beclin1, LC3, P62, PI3K, P-mTOR, mTOR, P-Akt, and Akt proteins were tested through Western blot. RESULTS LBP considerably strengthens cell viability and inhibits the apoptosis of RPE cells after photoinduction. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway is activated because of the upregulation of the phosphorylation levels of Akt and mTOR proteins, and thus autophagy is inhibited. CONCLUSION LBP can inhibit the excessive autophagy in RPE cells by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways and thereby protect RPE cells from photoinduced injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Gao
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
- Yulin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wu-Jun Li
- Yulin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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Zheng B, Zhou X, Hu X, Chen Y, Xie J, Yu Q. Advances in the regulation of natural polysaccharides on human health: The role of apoptosis/autophagy pathway. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34711083 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1995844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the multiple biological activities of polysaccharides, their great potential as "natural drugs" for many diseases has been the subject of continuous exploration in the field of food and nutrition. Apoptosis and autophagy play a key role in mammalian growth, development and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that apoptosis/autophagy may be the key regulatory target for the beneficial effects of polysaccharides. However, the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy by polysaccharides is not consistent in different disease models. Therefore, this review outlined the relationship between apoptosis/autophagy and some common human diseases, then discussed the role of apoptosis/autophagy pathway in the regulation of human health by polysaccharides, Furthermore, the application of visualization, imaging and multi-omics techniques was proposed in the future trend. The present review may be beneficial to accelerate our understanding of the anti-disease mechanisms of polysaccharides, and promote the development and utilization of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Ni J, Au M, Kong H, Wang X, Wen C. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in ageing and its potential use for prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:212. [PMID: 34404395 PMCID: PMC8371808 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), the most abundant functional component of wolfberry, is considered a potent antioxidant and an anti-ageing substance. This review aims to outline the hallmarks of ageing in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), followed by the current understanding of the senolytic effect of LBP and its potential use in the prevention and treatment of OA. This will be discussed through the lens of molecular biology and herbal medicine. METHODS A literature search was performed from inception to March 2020 using following keywords: "Lycium barbarum polysaccharide", "DNA damage", antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, anti-ageing, osteoarthritis, chondrocytes, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and "bone mesenchymal stem cell". The initial search yielded 2287 papers, from which 35 studies were selected for final analysis after screening for topic relevancy by the authors. RESULTS In literature different in vitro and in vivo ageing models are used to demonstrate LBP's ability to reduce oxidative stress, restore mitochondrial function, mitigate DNA damage, and prevent cellular senescence. All the evidence hints that LBP theoretically attenuates senescent cell accumulation and suppresses the senescence-associated secretory phenotype as observed by the reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines, like interleukin-1beta, and matrix-degrading enzymes, such as MMP-1 and MMP-13. However, there remains a lack of evidence on the disease-modifying effect of LBP in OA, although its chondroprotective, osteoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects were reported. CONCLUSION Our findings strongly support further investigations into the senolytic effect of LBP in the context of age-related OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Ni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Manting Au
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hangkin Kong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xinluan Wang
- Centre for Translational Medical Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shen Zhen, China
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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14
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Wang J, Bao B, Meng F, Deng S, Dai H, Feng J, Li H, Wang B. To study the mechanism of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. And Lycium barbarum L. in the treatment of asthenospermia based on network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113790. [PMID: 33460759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cuscuta chinensis Lam. and Lycium barbarum L. (SC-FL) is a commonly used kidney tonic Chinese medicine combination that is widely used in the clinical treatment of oligoasthenospermia.However, its specific mechanism remains unclear and requires in-depth study. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the potential targets of SC-FL in the treatment of oligoasthenospermia using network pharmacology, and to verify the results with in vivo and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A herb-compound-target-disease network and PPI network were constructed with Cytoscape software. The targets of SC-FL for the treatment of male sterility were introduced into a bioinformatics annotation database, and the GO and KEGG databases were used for pathway enrichment analysis. Subsequently, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (GTW) polyglycoside was used to induce a spermatogenic dysfunction model in GC-1 spg cells and SD male rats in in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively. The SC-FL and PI3K pathway inhibitor LY294002 was used to intervene in the spermatogenic dysfunction model to detect the expression of proteins and mRNA related to the PI3K pathway and to detect the indicators related to proliferation and apoptosis. RESULTS In in vitro experiments, the percentage of spermatogenic cells and the proportion of GC-1 spg cells at G0/G1 and G2/M stages in the model group (GTW group) and the inhibitor group (LY group) were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) compared with the blank control group (NC group). The apoptosis rate of the GTW group was significantly increased (P < 0.01). The ultrastructures of GC-1 spg cells in the GTW group and LY group were obviously destroyed. Compared with the GTW group, the SC-FL group had a significantly reduced apoptosis rate of GC-1 spg cells, reduced percentage of cells in S phase, and a significantly improved mitochondrial membrane potential. SC-FL can repair the ultrastructure of GC-1 spg cells damaged by GTW. The above effects of SC-FL are closely related to up-regulation of GFRa1, RET, PI3K, p-AKT, and Bcl-2 and down-regulation of BAD and BAX proteins and mRNA expression. In vivo, compared with the GTW group, the body mass, testicular mass, and epididymal weight of the GTW + SC-FL group were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Sperm concentrations and the PR + NP of GTW + SC-FL were significantly higher than in the GTW group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). FSH, LH, and T levels in the GTW + SC-FL and LY + SC-FL groups were significantly higher than those in the GTW and LY group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). HE staining results showed that the morphology of testicular tissue in the GTW + SC-FL and LY + SC-FL groups was superior to that in the GTW and LY group. The above effects of SC-FL are closely related to the up-regulation of proteins and mRNA expression of PI3K, p-AKT, and Bcl-2. CONCLUSION Through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, SC-FL up-regulates GFRa1, RET, PI3K, p-AKT, and Bcl-2, and down-regulates the expression of BAD and BAX proteins and mRNA, thus reducing the percentage of GC-1 spg cells in S-phase, significantly increasing the mitochondrial membrane potential, significantly reducing cell apoptosis, and improving sperm counts and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Binghao Bao
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fanchao Meng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Sheng Deng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hengheng Dai
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Junlong Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Haisong Li
- Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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15
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Wang J, Bao B, Meng F, Deng S, Feng J, Dai H, Xu H, Zhao Q, Li H, Wang B. In vitro and in vivo investigation of the therapeutic mechanism of Lycium Chinense and Cuscutae Semen on oligoasthenozoospermia. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14014. [PMID: 33666949 DOI: 10.1111/and.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Through network pharmacology research, we found that CYP19, CYP17, AR and SRD5A2 were potential targets for lycium chinense-cuscutae semen (LC-CS) treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia. Using in vitro and in vivo experiments, tripterygium glycosides were used to induce spermatogenic dysfunction models in GC-1spg cells and SD male rats, respectively, and LC-CS was used to intervene in a spermatogenic dysfunction model. In vitro, LC-CS could repair the ultrastructure of GC-1spg cells damaged by tripterygium glycosides (TG). Compared with TG group, LC-CS could upregulate protein and mRNA expression of CYP19, CYP17, AR and SRD5A2. In vivo, compared with TG, the body mass, testicular mass and epididymal weights of rats in TG + LC-CS increased. Progressive motility + nonprogressive motility spermatozoon (PR + NP) of TG + LC-CS were upregulate than TG. The levels of FSH, LH and testosterone in TG + LC-CS were upregulate than TG. LC-CS can repair the ultrastructure of spermatogonia damaged by TG (the above results are statistically significant, p <.05). Results of H&E staining and TEM showed that the morphology and ultrastructure of testicular tissue in TG + LC-CS were better than that in TG. Compared with TG, LC-CS could upregulate the expression of CYP19, CYP17, AR and SRD5A2 proteins and mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Binghao Bao
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fanchao Meng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Deng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junlong Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hengheng Dai
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongsheng Xu
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haisong Li
- Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Tian Y, Xiao YH, Geng T, Sun C, Gu J, Tang KF, Liu B, Liu YM, Sun F. Clusterin suppresses spermatogenic cell apoptosis to alleviate diabetes-induced testicular damage by inhibiting autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. Biol Cell 2020; 113:14-27. [PMID: 32942336 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Diabetes-induced testicular dysfunction is characterised by abnormal apoptosis of spermatogenic cells, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the roles of clusterin (CLU) in testicular damage associated with diabetes pathogenesis, as well as the molecular mechanism. A rat diabetes model was established using streptozocin, and the mouse spermatogenic cell line GC-1 spg was treated with high glucose as a cellular model. CLU was overexpressed in GC-1 spg cells, followed by detection of serum testosterone, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and autophagy. RESULTS CLU expression was significantly reduced and LC3 expression was elevated in testis tissues in the rat diabetes model and high glucose-treated GC-1 spg cells. High glucose led to suppressed viability, enhanced apoptosis, reduced Bcl-2 expression, elevated Bax expression and cleavage of Caspase-3/-9 in GC-1 spg cells, and these effects were abrogated by CLU overexpression. Additionally, CLU overexpression repressed LC3 and Beclin-1 expression, reduced the LC3II/LC3I ratio and promoted p62 expression in GC-1 spg cells in the presence of high glucose, and these effects were all mitigated by rapamycin treatment. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling with LY294002 activated autophagy in CLU-overexpressing GC-1 spg cells under high glucose conditions. CLU overexpression repressed autophagy and alleviated testicular damage in diabetic rats, which was also abrogated by LY294002 treatment. CONCLUSIONS CLU expression is suppressed during diabetes-induced testicular damage, whereas CLU overexpression alleviates diabetes-induced testicular damage by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling to inhibit autophagy and further repress spermatogenic cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yue-Hai Xiao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Tian Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Chao Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Kai-Fa Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Bei Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Yi-Meng Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
| | - Fa Sun
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.,Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, China
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Autophagy Induced by ROS Aggravates Testis Oxidative Damage in Diabetes via Breaking the Feedforward Loop Linking p62 and Nrf2. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7156579. [PMID: 32509151 PMCID: PMC7254092 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7156579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Testicular dysfunction due to hyperglycemia is the main cause of infertility in diabetic men. Over the years, in order to solve this growing problem, a lot of research has been done and a variety of treatments have been created, but so far, there is no safe, effective, and practical method to prevent male infertility caused by diabetes. In this review, we emphasize the male infertility mechanism caused by diabetes from the effects of oxidative stress and autophagy on the function of testes via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and we highlight that oxidative stress-induced autophagy breaks the feedforward loop linking Nrf2 and p62 and promotes oxidative damage in diabetic testes.
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18
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Shi W, Guo Z, Ji Y, Feng J. The protective effect of recombinant globular adiponectin on testis by modulating autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 879:173132. [PMID: 32353359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was to investigate whether recombinant globular adiponectin produced its protective effect on the testis of diabetic mice by modulating autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress. Male mice were randomly divided into control, diabetic, diabetic treated with low and high dose of adiponectin. Mice were killed at the termination after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of adiponectin treatment. Serum levels of glucose, lipids, testosterone, insulin, LH and FSH were measured. The protein expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), Caspase12, Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and p62 was determined by western blotting. The mRNA expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), p22phox, p47phox, nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The testicular weight, the sperm number and motility, and the serum levels of testosterone and insulin were significantly decreased in diabetic mice (P < 0.05). The expression of Beclin1, LC3, Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, SOD and AdipoR1 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), while the expression of GRP78, CHOP, Caspase12, p62, p22phox and p47phox were notably increased in the testes of diabetic mice (P < 0.05). Adiponectin treatment significantly reversed the above-mentioned changes in the testes of diabetic mice, some of which were dose- and time-dependent (P < 0.05). These data suggested that recombinant globular adiponectin may produce the protective effect on the testes of diabetic mice by inducing autophagy and inhibiting ER stress and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhixin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jingyi Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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19
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Guan S, Zhu Y, Wang J, Dong L, Zhao Q, Wang L, Wang B, Li H. A combination of Semen Cuscutae and Fructus Lycii improves testicular cell proliferation and inhibits their apoptosis in rats with spermatogenic dysfunction by regulating the SCF/c-kit--PI3K--Bcl-2 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 251:112525. [PMID: 31904495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Semen Cuscutae is the seed of Cuscuta japonica Choisy, and Fructus Lycii is the mature fruit of Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae). Semen Cuscutae and Fructus Lycii (SC-FL) are well-known Chinese medicine which have been used to tonify the kidney and replenish the essence for thousands of years. Chinese physicians prefer to prescribe them for treating male infertility. Recent studies have found that SC-FL repair spermatogenic dysfunction, however, the therapeutic mechanism has yet to be clearly elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effect of SC-FL in glucosides of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f (GTW)-induced dyszoospermia rats and elucidating the underlying molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-eight Sprague-Dauley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control (treated with saline), GTW (treated with saline), GTW + levocarnitine (treated with levocarnitine), GTW + SCFL (treated with SC-FL), and LY (LY294002, the PI3K inhibitor) +SCFL (treated with SC-FL). GTW (40 mg/kg/d) was intragastrically administered for 4 weeks to establish dyszoospermia model. From the start of the study, LY was additionally injected into the tail vein of rats of the LY + SCFL group once a week. After 8 weeks, semen quality and organ coefficient were determined and sex hormone, inhibin B, and epididymal carnitine levels were measured. Testicular tissue and its ultrastructure were observed using H&E (hematoxylin-eosin) staining and electron microscopy. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to determine the protein and mRNA expression of SCF, c-kit, PI3K, p-Akt, Bad, Bcl-2, and Bax in rat testis. RESULTS Compared with the GTW group, semen quality, the organ coefficient, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), and epididymal carnitine levels were significantly improved in the GTW + SCFL group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Histomorphology and testicular ultrastructural evaluation showed that in the GTW + SCFL group, the structure and arrangement of seminiferous tubules were better, the amount of spermatogenic cells increased significantly, the morphology of spermatogenic cells improved, and the mitochondria increased, compared to those in the GTW group. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and qRT-PCR results showed that compared with the GTW group, the expression of SCF, c-kit, PI3K, p-Akt, and Bcl-2 in the GTW + SCFL group was increased, while that of Bax and Bad was decreased. The expression of p-Akt and Bcl-2 decreased, while that of Bad and Bax increased in the LY + SCFL group compared with the SCFL group. CONCLUSION SC-FL can effectively inhibit spermatogenic cell apoptosis and promote their proliferation, and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of the SCF/c-kit--PI3K--Bcl-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Guan
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; TCM Department, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Yutian Zhu
- Urology Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jingshang Wang
- TCM Department, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Lei Dong
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qi Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Haisong Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Integrated omics profiling of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitic mice supplemented with Wolfberry ( Lycium barbarum). NPJ Sci Food 2020; 4:5. [PMID: 32258419 PMCID: PMC7109062 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-020-0065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We used a multi-omics profiling approach to investigate the suppressive effects of 2% Wolfberry (WOL)-enriched diets on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. It was observed that in mice fed the WOL diet, the disease activity index, colon shortening, plasma concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and relative mesenteric fat weight were significantly improved as compared to the DSS group. Results from colon transcriptome and proteome profiles showed that WOL supplementation significantly ameliorated the expression of genes and proteins associated with the integrity of the colonic mucosal wall and colonic inflammation. Based on the hepatic transcriptome, proteome and metabolome data, genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, proteins involved in inflammation and metabolites related to glycolysis were downregulated in WOL mice, leading to lowered inflammation and changes in these molecules may have led to improvement in body weight loss. The integrated nutrigenomic approach thus revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying the ameliorative effect of whole WOL fruit consumption on inflammatory bowel disease.
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Zhang WJ, Wang S, Kang CZ, Lv CG, Zhou L, Huang LQ, Guo LP. Pharmacodynamic material basis of traditional Chinese medicine based on biomacromolecules: a review. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:26. [PMID: 32140174 PMCID: PMC7049221 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00571-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules, the first components of bioactive substances in traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have wide bioactivity-related efficacy but have not yet been fully appreciated compared to small molecule components. The present review brings a novel and systemic point of view to deepen the understanding of the pharmacodynamic material basis of TCM based on biomacromolecules (polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids). Biomacromolecules have been, are and will have considerable roles in the efficacy of Chinese medicine, as evidenced by the number of biological activities related to traditional clinical efficacy. The direct and indirect mechanisms of biomacromolecules are further accounted for in a variety of neurotransmitters, hormones, and immune substances to maintain immune function in both sensitive and stable equilibrium. The biological functions of biomacromolecules have been elaborated on in regard to their roles in the process of plant growth and development to the relationship between primary metabolism and secondary metabolism and to the indispensable role of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids in the quality formation of TCM. Understanding the functional properties and mechanisms of biological macromolecules will help to demystify the drug properties and health benefits of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004 China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Chuan-zhi Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Chao-geng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
| | - Lan-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, Joint Laboratory of Infinitus (China) Herbs Quality Research, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 China
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Lei X, Huo P, Wang Y, Xie Y, Shi Q, Tu H, Yao J, Mo Z, Zhang S. Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Improve Testicular Spermatogenic Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:164. [PMID: 32362869 PMCID: PMC7181356 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on testicular spermatogenic function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Compared to the control group, blood glucose levels were significantly increased and the insulin resistance was markedly aggravated in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Further, the weight of testis and epididymis and the sperm number and motility were decreased in diabetic rats. Pathological changes were also observed in the spermatogenic tubules, along with a decreased number of spermatogenic cells, downregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, and increased cell apoptosis in the testes. Compared to the saline-treated diabetic rat group, metformin and LBP treatment significantly decreased the level of blood glucose and improved insulin resistance and testicular function. After treatment with metformin and LBP, the pathological changes in the spermatogenic tubules improved significantly, with an increase in the number of spermatogenic cells, upregulation of PCNA, and suppression of apoptosis in the testes. The expressions of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in diabetic testes were also upregulated by metformin or LBP treatment. In summary, LBP exerted protective effects by increasing cell proliferation, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and regulating SIRT1/HIF-1α expression in the testes of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocan Lei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Peng Huo
- School of Public and Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuanjie Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qingxiang Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Haoyan Tu
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zhongcheng Mo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongcheng Mo
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Shun Zhang
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Metformin Ameliorates Testicular Damage in Male Mice with Streptozotocin-Induced Type 1 Diabetes through the PK2/PKR Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5681701. [PMID: 31871550 PMCID: PMC6906848 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5681701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 90% of male diabetes mellitus patients have varying degrees of testicular dysfunction. The molecular mechanism underlying diabetes-induced testicular damage has not been thoroughly elucidated. In this research, we sought to determine the influence of metformin (Met) on diabetes-induced testicular injury and the mechanism involved with a focus on testicular dysfunction, apoptosis, autophagy, and prokineticin 2 (PK2) signalling. In our study, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal control group, the diabetes group, and the Met-treated group. Streptozotocin (50 mg·kg−1·d−1) was injected intraperitoneally into the mice for 5 days in a row to induce type 1 diabetes, which was diagnosed by a blood glucose level ≥ 16.7 mmol/L after 7 days. The experimental animals were orally administered Met (250 mg·kg−1·d−1) for 16 weeks. Properties of testicular function, including sperm motility and the total concentration of epididymal sperm, were assessed. Changes in testicular structure, such as the blood-testis barrier, histological pathology, and organelles, were observed. The levels of apoptosis and expression of related proteins, such as Bax and Bcl-2, were measured. Moreover, autophagy-related proteins, including Beclin-1, p62, and LC3B, as well as the PK2/PKR pathway, which consists of PK2, PKR1, PKR2, AKT, and GSK3β, were analysed. Upon the induction of diabetes, reproductive capacity was significantly impaired and a disordered arrangement of testicular seminiferous tubules and destroyed organelles in spermatogenic cells was observed. Met administration preserved testicular function and structure. In addition, in mice with diabetes, the levels of PK2, PKR2, p-Akt, and p-GSK3β were significantly decreased at different times, while that of PKR1 was markedly increased, and these changes were normalized by Met. Furthermore, diabetic mice showed increased apoptosis and decreased autophagy in the testes, the effects of which were nullified by Met. These results suggest that Met rescues diabetes-induced testicular damage by attenuating apoptosis and inducing autophagy. This effect is likely mediated by the PK2/PKR/AKT/GSK3β signalling pathway.
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The Anticancer Activity of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide by Inhibiting Autophagy in Human Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. INT J POLYM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/5065920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells in vitro and in vivo via its regulation on autophagy. Methods. In vitro experiment: A431 cells were treated with different concentrations of LBP, and cell viability was measured by the CCK8 method. Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis rate. The expression of Ki67, PCNA, cl-caspase-3, Bcl-2, and LC3II and the phosphorylation status of JNK and ERK1/2, as well as the effect of SP600125 cotreatment on the expression of autophagy and apoptosis-associated proteins, were determined via Western blot. In vivo experiment: a transplanted tumor model was established by subcutaneous injection of A431 cells to the nude mice. 50 mg/kg LBP was injected into the mice intraperitoneally; the survival rate of mice, volume, and weight of tumor were determined on the 30th day. The expression of Ki67 and MMP-2 proteins was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results. LBP at concentrations of 400 μg/ml and above was significantly cytotoxic to A431 cells, whereas, within the dose range of 50 μg/ml~200 μg/ml, LBP significantly inhibited the expression of Ki67 and PCNA proteins, promoted the expression of cl-caspase-3, inhibited the expression of Bcl-2 protein, downregulated the expression of autophagy marker LC3II, and reduced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, whereas the level of JNK phosphorylation was upregulated. At the same time, the regulation of Beclin1, LC3II, Bcl-2, and cl-caspase-3 by LBP was effectively reversed by the cotreatment of SP600125. In addition, LBP increased the survival rate of transplanted nude mice, reduced tumor volume and weight, and downregulated the expression of Ki67 and MMP-2. Conclusion. LBP can induce apoptosis of A431 cells by inhibiting autophagy and can inhibit tumor growth in vivo.
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Zhang W, Yang H, Zhu L, Luo Y, Nie L, Li G. Role of EGFR/ErbB2 and PI 3K/AKT/e-NOS in Lycium barbarum polysaccharides Ameliorating Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:1523-1539. [PMID: 31645123 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) are the major ingredients of wolfberry. In this study, we investigated the role of LBP in endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress and the underlying mechanisms using thoracic aortic endothelial cells of rat (RAECs) as a model. We found that Ang II inhibits cell viability of RAECs with 10-6mol/L of Ang II treatment for 24h most potential (P<0.05), the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is increased by Ang II treatment (P<0.01), and the expression of Occludin and Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) is decreased by Ang II treatment (P<0.05). However, preincubation of cells with LBP could inhibit the changes caused by Ang II, LBP increased cell viability (P<0.05), decreased the level of ROS (P<0.01), and up-regulated the expression of Occludin (P<0.05) and ZO-1. In addition, Ang II treatment increased the expression of EGFR and p-EGFR (Try1172) and which can be inhibited by LBP. On the contrary, expression of ErbB2, p-ErbB2 (Try1248), PI3K, p-e-NOS (Ser1177) (P<0.05), and p-AKT (Ser473) (P<0.05) was inhibited by Ang II treatment and which can be increased by LBP. Treatment of the cells with inhibitors showed that the regulation of p-e-NOS and p-AKT expression by Ang II and LBP can be blocked by PI3K inhibitor wortmannin but not EGFR and ErbB2 inhibitor AC480. Taken together, our results suggested that LBP plays a critical role in maintaining the integrality of blood vessel endothelium through reduced production of ROS via regulating the activity of EGFR, ErbB2, PI3K/AKT/e-NOS, and which may offer a novel therapeutic option in the management of endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street 1160, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Yang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street 1160, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Lingqin Zhu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street 1160, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Yan Luo
- School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street 1160, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Nie
- School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street 1160, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
| | - Guanghua Li
- School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street 1160, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China.,School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street 1160, Yinchuan 750004, P. R. China
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Protective effects of betaine on diabetic induced disruption of the male mice blood-testis barrier by regulating oxidative stress-mediated p38 MAPK pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109474. [PMID: 31585299 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-testis barrier (BTB) impairments is one of the major secondary complications of diabetes. Betaine (BET) is the important active ingredients isolated from Lycium barbarum, which exhibits numerous pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to establish whether BET contributes to the recovery from BTB dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice. METHODS BET (200, 400, 800 mg/kg) was orally administered to diabetic mice for 8 weeks. Testis tissues were collected for histopathological and biochemical analysis, the reproductive organ weight was estimated. Antioxidant enzyme activity and BTB associated protein expressions were determined with their corresponding assay kits and western blot analysis. The results revealed that BET significantly improved the weight of the reproductive organs and testicular morphology in diabetic mice. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly reduced, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), markedly increased in the testicular tissue after SAL treatment. In addition, our data also showed a marked down-regulated the expressions of p38 MAPK phosphorylation and up-regulation the protein expressions of ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-11, N-cadherin, and Connexin-43 after BET administration compared with the diabetic group. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that BET exerts protective effects on diabetes-induced BTB dysfunction, which may be through regulating oxidative stress-mediated p38 MAPK pathways.
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Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate in the Treatment of Liver Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1475163. [PMID: 31531108 PMCID: PMC6721266 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1475163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Goji berry, Lycium barbarum, has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), but its properties have not been studied until recently. The fruit is a major source of zeaxanthin dipalmitate (ZD), a xanthophyll carotenoid shown to benefit the liver. Liver disease is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world. Some conditions, such as chronic hepatitis B virus, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, remain incurable. Managing them can constitute an economic burden for patients and healthcare systems. Hence, development of more effective pharmacological drugs is warranted. Studies have shown the hepatoprotective, antifibrotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antitumor, and chemopreventive properties of ZD. These findings suggest that ZD-based drugs could hold promise for many liver disorders. In this paper, we reviewed the current literature regarding the therapeutic effects of ZD in the treatment of liver disease.
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Lou L, Chen G, Zhong B, Liu F. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in infantile hemangioma endothelial cells via down-regulation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20191182. [PMID: 31383785 PMCID: PMC6702356 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) has a variety of pharmacological and biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, anti-apoptosis, immune regulation and other pharmacological effects; however, the effect of LBP on infantile hemangioma (IH) was less reported. Primary human hemangioma endothelial cells (HemECs) were isolated from fresh surgical specimens of patients. HemECs was treated with LBP and the changes in proliferative and apoptotic signaling pathways were investigated by performing cell counting kit-8, cloning formation experiment, in vitro angiogenesis experiment, flow cytometry, Western blot, immunofluorescence, HE stain and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We found that LBP potently inhibited the proliferation of HemECs and achieved a low-micromolar IC50 (45 and 40 μg/ml, the half maximal inhibitory concentration) value and less angiogenesis, however, the IC50 had no effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) viability. LBP treatment induced apoptosis in HemECs, which was supported by positive Annexin-V-FITC staining, the activation of cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and the inhibition of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2). Moreover, the result demonstrated that LBP suppressed the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ki67, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR2 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signal pathway. PI3K-specific agonist (IGF-1) had promotive effects on HemECs proliferation, which was reversed by LBP. Our study suggests that the effectiveness of LBP in IHs may be associated with its potent anti-proliferative and apoptotic activities in HemECs. Thus, our findings may provide an effective medicine for IHs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lou
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University China, No. 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu City 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The People's Hospital of Jianyang City, No. 180, Hospital Road, Jianyang City 641400, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University China, No. 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu City 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University China, No. 37 Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu City 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Biological Functions of Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides: A Review. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090389. [PMID: 31438522 PMCID: PMC6770593 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs), as bioactive compounds extracted from L. barbarum L. fruit, have been widely explored for their potential health properties. The extraction and structural characterization methods of LBPs were reviewed to accurately understand the extraction method and structural and biological functions of LBPs. An overview of the biological functions of LBPs, such as antioxidant function, antitumor activity, neuroprotective effects, immune regulating function, and other functions, were summarized. This review provides an overview of LBPs and a theoretical basis for further studying and extending the applications of LBPs in the fields of medicine and food.
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Liu Q, Han Q, Lu M, Wang H, Tang F. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide attenuates cardiac hypertrophy, inhibits calpain-1 expression and inhibits NF-κB activation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:509-516. [PMID: 31258688 PMCID: PMC6566019 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is one of the key structural changes that occurs in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Previous studies have indicated that the activation of NF-κB by calpain-1, a Ca2+-dependent cysteine protease, serves an important role in cardiac hypertrophy. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of 30 and 60 mg/kg Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) treatment, the major active ingredient extracted from Lycium barbarum, on cardiac hypertrophy in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. In addition, the present study examined the possible underlying mechanisms of this effect by assessing calpain-1 expression and the NF-κB pathway. The mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of calpain-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) in the heart tissue. The results revealed that compared with non-diabetic rats, diabetic rats exhibited cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was defined by the following: Dysfunction of the cardiac hemodynamics, an increase in the ratios of left ventricular weight/body weight and heart weight/body weight and the increased expressions of ANP and BNP, which serve as hypertrophic markers in cardiac tissue. However, all of these changes were attenuated in diabetic rats treated with LBP. In addition, the protein expression of calpain-1 was increased in the heart tissue of diabetic rats compared with that of non-diabetic rats, where it was inhibited by LBP. LBP also decreased the protein expression of certain inflammatory mediators, IL-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and TLR-4 in diabetic heart tissue. Furthermore, LBP treatment reduced the production of reactive oxygen species, upregulated the protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and downregulated the protein expression of inducible nitric-oxide synthase. Additionally, LBP increased the protein expression of p65, the subunit of NF-κB and inhibitory protein кB-α in the cytoplasm and reduced p65 expression in the nucleus. In conclusion, LBP improves cardiac hypertrophy, inhibits the expression of calpain-1 and inhibits the activation of NF-κB in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Han
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Meili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
| | - Futian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Drug Research of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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