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Cazier EA, Pham TN, Cossus L, Abla M, Ilc T, Lawrence P. Exploring industrial lignocellulosic waste: Sources, types, and potential as high-value molecules. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 188:11-38. [PMID: 39094219 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass has a promising role in a circular bioeconomy and may be used to produce valuable molecules for green chemistry. Lignocellulosic biomass, such as food waste, agricultural waste, wood, paper or cardboard, corresponded to 15.7% of all waste produced in Europe in 2020, and has a high potential as a secondary raw material for industrial processes. This review first presents industrial lignocellulosic waste sources, in terms of their composition, quantities and types of lignocellulosic residues. Secondly, the possible high added-value chemicals obtained from transformation of lignocellulosic waste are detailed, as well as their potential for applications in the food industry, biomedical, energy or chemistry sectors, including as sources of polyphenols, enzymes, bioplastic precursors or biofuels. In a third part, various available transformation treatments, such as physical treatments with ultrasound or heat, chemical treatments with acids or bases, and biological treatments with enzymes or microorganisms, are presented. The last part discusses the perspectives of the use of lignocellulosic waste and the fact that decreasing the cost of transformation is one of the major issues for improving the use of lignocellulosic biomass in a circular economy and green chemistry approach, since it is currently often more expensive than petroleum-based counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Cazier
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France; Nantes Université, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR 6144, F-44600 Saint-Nazaire, France(1).
| | - Thanh-Nhat Pham
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France
| | - Louis Cossus
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France
| | - Maher Abla
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
| | - Tina Ilc
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
| | - Philip Lawrence
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
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2
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He Z, Jiang G, Gan L, He T, Tian Y. Bacterial valorization of lignin for the sustainable production of value-added bioproducts. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135171. [PMID: 39214219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
As the most abundant aromatic biopolymer in the biosphere, lignin represents a promising alternative feedstock for the industrial production of various value-added bioproducts with enhanced economical value. However, the large-scale implementation of lignin valorization remains challenging because of the heterogeneity and irregular structure of lignin. General fragmentation and depolymerization processes often yield various products, but these approaches necessitate tedious purification steps to isolate target products. Moreover, microbial biocatalytic processes, especially bacterial-based systems with high metabolic activity, can depolymerize and further utilize lignin in an eco-friendly way. Considering that wild bacterial strains have evolved several metabolic pathways and enzymatic systems for lignin degradation, substantial efforts have been made to exploit their potential for lignin valorization. This review summarizes recent advances in lignin valorization for the production of value-added bioproducts based on bacterial systems. Additionally, the remaining challenges and available strategies for lignin biodegradation processes and future trends of bacterial lignin valorization are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Guangyang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Longzhan Gan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Tengxia He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan Province, China.
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Wang Y, Luo CB, Li YQ. Biofuneling lignin-derived compounds into lipids using a newly isolated Citricoccus sp. P2. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129669. [PMID: 37573985 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignin-derived compounds (LDCs) bioconversion into lipids is a promising yet challenging task. This study focuses on the isolation of the ligninolytic bacterium Citricoccus sp. P2 and investigates its mechanism for producing lipids from LDCs. Although strain P2 exhibits a relatively low lignin degradation rate of 44.63%, it efficiently degrades various concentrations of LDCs. The highest degradation rate is observed when incubated with 0.6 g/L vanillic acid, 0.6 g/L syringic acid, 0.8 g/L p-coumaric acid, and 0.4 g/L phenol, resulting in respective lipid yields of 0.16 g/L, 0.13 g/L, 0.24 g/L, and 0.13 g/L. The genome of strain P2 provides insights into LDCs bioconversion into lipids and stress tolerance. Moreover, Citricoccus sp. P2 has been successfully developed a non-sterilized lipid production using its native alkali-halophilic characteristics, which significantly enhances the lipid yield. This study presents a promising platform for lipids production from LDCs and has potential to promote valorization of lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Chao-Bing Luo
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Yuan-Qiu Li
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China.
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Ding Z, Ge Y, Sar T, Kumar V, Harirchi S, Binod P, Sirohi R, Sindhu R, Wu P, Lin F, Zhang Z, Taherzadeh MJ, Awasthi MK. Valorization of tropical fruits waste for production of commercial biorefinery products - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 374:128793. [PMID: 36842509 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tropical fruit wastes (TFW) are considered as the major source of food and nutrition in the topical countries. In the recent years, modernization of agriculture has increased the tropical fruit production. Higher fruit production led to an increasing abundance in the tropical fruit waste. In general, the tropical fruit waste has no economic value and ends up in landfill. But in recent years it was observed that the tropical fruit waste can be valorized to produce value-added products ranging from compost, phytochemicals, and food products to biofuels. The tropical fruit waste has great potential to produce useful products in tropical areas. This review literature is an endeavor to understand the major tropical fruit wastes and their composition. The review presents a detailed investigation on tropical fruit waste composition, its conversion potential, role of microbes in waste valorization, production of commercially valuable products and future perspectives in waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheli Ding
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou, Hainan Province 571101, China
| | - Yu Ge
- School of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Pu'er, Yunnan 665000, China
| | - Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås 50190, Sweden
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Ecotoxicity and Bioconversion Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai 602105, India
| | - Sharareh Harirchi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås 50190, Sweden
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam 691 505, Kerala, India
| | - Peicong Wu
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou, Hainan Province 571101, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou, Hainan Province 571101, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | | | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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González Plaza JJ, Hradecký J. The tropical cookbook: Termite diet and phylogenetics—Over geographical origin—Drive the microbiome and functional genetic structure of nests. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1089525. [PMID: 36998409 PMCID: PMC10043212 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1089525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Termites are key decomposers of dead plant material involved in the organic matter recycling process in warm terrestrial ecosystems. Due to their prominent role as urban pests of timber, research efforts have been directed toward biocontrol strategies aimed to use pathogens in their nest. However, one of the most fascinating aspects of termites is their defense strategies that prevent the growth of detrimental microbiological strains in their nests. One of the controlling factors is the nest allied microbiome. Understanding how allied microbial strains protect termites from pathogen load could provide us with an enhanced repertoire for fighting antimicrobial-resistant strains or mining for genes for bioremediation purposes. However, a necessary first step is to characterize these microbial communities. To gain a deeper understanding of the termite nest microbiome, we used a multi-omics approach for dissecting the nest microbiome in a wide range of termite species. These cover several feeding habits and three geographical locations on two tropical sides of the Atlantic Ocean known to host hyper-diverse communities. Our experimental approach included untargeted volatile metabolomics, targeted evaluation of volatile naphthalene, a taxonomical profile for bacteria and fungi through amplicon sequencing, and further diving into the genetic repertoire through a metagenomic sequencing approach. Naphthalene was present in species belonging to the genera Nasutitermes and Cubitermes. We investigated the apparent differences in terms of bacterial community structure and discovered that feeding habits and phylogenetic relatedness had a greater influence than geographical location. The phylogenetic relatedness among nests' hosts influences primarily bacterial communities, while diet influences fungi. Finally, our metagenomic analysis revealed that the gene content provided both soil-feeding genera with similar functional profiles, while the wood-feeding genus showed a different one. Our results indicate that the nest functional profile is largely influenced by diet and phylogenetic relatedness, irrespective of geographical location.
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Sharma V, Tsai ML, Nargotra P, Chen CW, Sun PP, Singhania RR, Patel AK, Dong CD. Journey of lignin from a roadblock to bridge for lignocellulose biorefineries: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160560. [PMID: 36574559 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The grave concerns arisen as a result of environmental pollution and diminishing fossil fuel reserves in the 21st century have shifted the focus on the use of sustainable and environment friendly alternative resources. Lignocellulosic biomass constituted by cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is an abundantly available natural bioresource. Lignin, a natural biopolymer has over the years gained much importance as a high value material with commercial importance. The present review provides an in-depth knowledge on the journey of lignin from being considered a roadblock to a bridge connecting diverse industries with widescale applications. The successful valorization of lignin for the production of bio-based platform chemicals and fuels has been the subject of intensive investigation. A deeper understanding of lignin characteristics and factors governing the biomass conversion into valuable products can support improved biomass consumption. The components of lignocellulosic biomass might be totally transformed into a variety of value-added products with the improvements in bioprocess techniques that valorize lignin. In this review, the recent advances in the lignin extraction and depolymerization methods that may help in achieving the cost-economics of the bioprocess are summarized and compared. The industrial potential of lignin-derived products such as aromatics, biopolymers, biofuels and agrochemicals are also outlined. Additionally, assessment of the recent research trends in lignin valorization into value-added chemicals has been done and present scenario of technological-industrial applications of lignin with economic perspectives is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sharma
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Tsai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Parushi Nargotra
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Pei Sun
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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Ding Z, Kumar Awasthi S, Kumar M, Kumar V, Mikhailovich Dregulo A, Yadav V, Sindhu R, Binod P, Sarsaiya S, Pandey A, Taherzadeh MJ, Rathour R, Singh L, Zhang Z, Lian Z, Kumar Awasthi M. A thermo-chemical and biotechnological approaches for bamboo waste recycling and conversion to value added product: Towards a zero-waste biorefinery and circular bioeconomy. FUEL 2023; 333:126469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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8
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Shao L, Wang C, Liu Y, Wang M, Wang L, Xu F. Efficient depolymerization of lignin through microwave-assisted Ru/C catalyst cooperated with metal chloride in methanol/formic acid media. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1082341. [PMID: 36588935 PMCID: PMC9800509 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1082341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin, an abundant aromatic biopolymer, has the potential to produce various biofuels and chemicals through biorefinery activities and is expected to benefit the future circular economy. Microwave-assisted efficient degradation of lignin in methanol/formic acid over Ru/C catalyst cooperated with metal chloride was investigated, concerning the effect of type and dosage of metal chloride, dosage of Ru/C, reaction temperature, and reaction time on depolymerized product yield and distribution. Results showed that 91.1 wt% yield of bio-oil including 13.4 wt% monomers was obtained under the optimum condition. Yields of guaiacol-type compounds and 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran were promoted in the presence of ZnCl2. Formic acid played two roles: (1) acid-catalyzed cleavage of linkages; (2) acted as an in situ hydrogen donor for hydrodeoxygenation in the presence of Ru/C. A possible mechanism for lignin degradation was proposed. This work will provide a beneficial approach for efficient depolymerization of lignin and controllable product distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lupeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China,Shandong Chenming Paper Holdings Co., Ltd., Weifang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Yu Liu, ; Feng Xu,
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Yu Liu, ; Feng Xu,
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Luyan Wang
- Shandong Chenming Paper Holdings Co., Ltd., Weifang, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Yu Liu, ; Feng Xu,
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Enhanced Enzymatic Saccharification of Tomato Stalk by Combination Pretreatment with NaOH and ChCl:Urea-Thioure in One-Pot Manner. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10101905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the mixture of NaOH and deep eutectic solvent (DES) ChCl:UA-TA was firstly used to pretreat waste tomato stalk (TS). The effects of pretreatment time, pretreatment temperature, NaOH dosage, and DES dose were investigated, and the synergistic effects of dilute NaOH and DES combination pretreatment were tested on the influence of enzymatic saccharification. It was found that the relationship between delignification and saccharification rate had a significant linear correction. When TS was pretreated with NaOH (7 wt%)–ChCl:UA-TA (8 wt%) in a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10 (wt:wt) at 75 °C for 60 min, the delignification reached 82.1%. The highest yield of reducing sugars from NaOH–ChCl:UA-TA-treated TS could reach 62.5% in an acetate buffer (50 mM, pH 4.8) system containing cellulase (10.0 FPU/g TS) and xylanase (30.0 CBU/g TS) at 50 °C. In summary, effective enzymatic saccharification of TS was developed by a combination pretreatment with dilute NaOH and ChCl:UA-TA, which has potential application in the future.
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Xu L, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Qin G, Zhao X, Shen Y. Enhanced extracellular β-mannanase production by overexpressing PrsA lipoprotein in Bacillus subtilis and optimizing culture conditions. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:815-823. [PMID: 35475500 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, first, β-mannanase gene man derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CGMCC1.857 was cloned and expressed in Bacillus subtilis 168 to generate B. subtilis M1. However, the extracellular β-mannanase activity of B. subtilis M1 was not very high. To further increase extracellular β-mannanase extracytoplasmic molecular chaperone, PrsA lipoprotein was tandem expressed with man gene in B. subtilis 168 to yield B. subtilis M2. The secretion of β-mannanase of B. subtilis M2 was enhanced by 15.4%, compared with the control B. subtilis M1. Subsequently, process optimization strategies were also developed to enhance β-mannanase production by B. subtilis 168 M2. It was noted that the optimal temperature for β-mannanase production (25°C) was different from the optimal growth temperature (37°C) for B. subtilis. Based on these findings, a two-stage temperature control strategy was proposed where the bacterial culture was maintained at 37°C for the first 12 h to obtain a high rate of cell growth, followed by lowering the temperature to 25°C to enhance β-mannanase production. Using this strategy, the extracellular β-mannanase activity reached 5016 ± 167 U/ml at about 36 h, which was 19.1% greater than the best result obtained using a constant temperature (25°C). The result of this study showed that PrsA lipoprotein overexpression and two-stage temperature control strategy were more efficient for β-mannanase fermentation in B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Xu
- Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yongyong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuehan Dong
- Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gang Qin
- Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanyan Shen
- Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Wang H, Peng X, Li H, Giannis A, He C. Recent Biotechnology Advances in Bio-Conversion of Lignin to Lipids by Bacterial Cultures. Front Chem 2022; 10:894593. [PMID: 35494654 PMCID: PMC9039179 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.894593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity and recalcitrance of the lignin structure is a major barrier to its efficient utilization and commercial production of high-value products. In recent years, the “bio-funneling” transformation ability of microorganisms has provided a significant opportunity for lignin conversion and integrated biorefinery. Based on the chemical structure of lignin, this mini-review introduces the recent advances of lignin depolymerization by bacterial strains and the application of microbial lignin degradation in lipids production. Furthermore, the current challenges, future trends and perspectives for microbe-based lignin conversion to lipids are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Industry Polytechnic College, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Peng
- Guizhou Institute of Products Quality Inspection and Testing, Guiyang, China
| | - Hu Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Hu Li, ; Chao He,
| | - Apostolos Giannis
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, University Campus, Chania, Greece
| | - Chao He
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- *Correspondence: Hu Li, ; Chao He,
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Ji H, Wang L, Tao F, Yao Z, Li X, Dong C, Pang Z. A hydrotrope pretreatment for stabilized lignin extraction and high titer ethanol production. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:40. [PMID: 38647740 PMCID: PMC10992416 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The biomass pretreatment strategies using organic acids facilitate lignin removal and enhance the enzymatic digestion of cellulose. However, lignin always suffers a severe and irreversible condensation. The newly generated C-C bonds dramatically affect its further upgrading. In this study, we used a recyclable hydrotrope (p-Toluenessulfonic acid, p-TsOH) to dissolve lignin under mild condition and stabilized lignin with a quenching agent (formaldehyde, FA) during extraction, achieving both value-added lignin extraction and efficient enzymatic saccharification of cellulose. Approximately 63.7% of lignin was dissolved by 80% (wt. %) p-TsOH with 1.5% FA addition at 80 °C, 30 min. The obtained lignin was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy, and GPC. The results indicated that the extracted lignin exhibited excellent properties, such as light color, a low molecular weight (Mw, 5371 g/mol), and a narrow polydispersity (Mw/Mn, 1.63). The pretreated substrate was converted to ethanol via a quasi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process (Q-SSF). After fermentation of 60 h, the ethanol concentration reached 38.7 ± 3.3 g/L which was equivalent to a theoretical ethanol yield of 82.9 ± 2.2% based on the glucan content, while the residual glucose concentration was only 4.69 ± 1.4 g/L. In short, this pretreatment strategy protected lignin to form new C-C linkages and improved the enzymatic saccharification of glucan for high-titer ethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue road, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue road, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Furong Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue road, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Zhipeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue road, Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Cuihua Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue road, Jinan, 250353, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue road, Jinan, 250353, China
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13
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Zhou JS, Cheng JF, Li XD, Li YH. Unique bacterial communities associated with components of an artificial aquarium ecosystem and their possible contributions to nutrient cycling in this microecosystem. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:72. [PMID: 35277761 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In order to better understand the bacterial distribution characteristics in a whole microecosystem, the bacterial communities in different components of an artificial aquarium (i.e., plants, fishes, sand and water) were characterized using high throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Across all samples, 2873 operational taxonomic units were identified and assigned to 771 genera in 36 phyla. In a principle coordinate analysis, samples clustered according to their origin, indicating that bacterial communities from the same component were most similar. Further taxonomic analysis revealed that most dominant genera, even those with the similar functions, were biased to one component: Nitrospira and Rhodobacter were mainly abundant in plant samples; Rhodococcus, Serratia, Ralstonia, Sphingobacterium and Pseudomonas were most common in sand samples; Cetobacterium and Aeromonas dominated fish samples; and Flavobacterium, Alpinimonas and Limnobacter were especially common in water samples. Functional predictions performed by PICRUSt and the dominant genera exhibited that bacteria detected in each component could participate in all nutrient cycles in the aquarium. However, those involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling were most common in plant and fish samples, while phosphate metabolism-related pathways were more abundant in sand and water samples. Moreover, the aquarium plants, in association with their bacterial communities might be the most important component in the aquarium, as indicated by their highest bacterial richness and diversity. This study adds to our understanding on the differences in the microbiome of different components and their possible contributions to nutrient cycling in a self-sustaining aquarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shi Zhou
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road 105#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jian Fei Cheng
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road 105#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xue Dong Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road 105#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yan Hong Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Xisanhuan North Road 105#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China.
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14
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Mahanty A, Giri S, Kar A, Ghosh S. Biocatalytic pretreatment of rice straw by ligninolytic enzymes produced by newly isolated <i>Micrococcus unnanensis</i> strain B4 for downstream cellulolytic saccharification. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2022; 68:184-192. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Mahanty
- Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal
| | | | - Akas Kar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal
| | - Shilpi Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal
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15
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Reshmy R, Athiyaman Balakumaran P, Divakar K, Philip E, Madhavan A, Pugazhendhi A, Sirohi R, Binod P, Kumar Awasthi M, Sindhu R. Microbial valorization of lignin: Prospects and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126240. [PMID: 34737164 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the world's second most prevalent biomaterial, but its effective value-added product valorization methods are still being developed. The most common preparation processes for converting lignin to platform chemicals and biofuels are fragmentation and depolymerization. Due to its structural diversity, fragmentation generally produces a variety of products, necessitating tedious separation and purifying methods to isolate the desired products. Bacterial-based techniques are commonly utilized for lignin fragmentation due to their high metabolitic activity. Recent advancements in lignin valorization utilizing bacteria, such as lignin decomposing microbes and major pathways involved that can breakdown lignin into various valuable products namely lipids, furfural, vanillin, polyhydroxybutyrate, poly lactic acid blends were discussed in this review. This review also covers the genetic and fermentation methodologies to enhance lignin decomposition, challenges and future trends of microbe based lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reshmy
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara 690 110, Kerala, India
| | - Palanisamy Athiyaman Balakumaran
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - K Divakar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur 602 117, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eapen Philip
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara 690 110, Kerala, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thiruvananthapuram 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712 100, China
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India.
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16
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Khan SI, Zarin A, Ahmed S, Hasan F, Belduz AO, Çanakçi S, Khan S, Badshah M, Farman M, Shah AA. Degradation of lignin by Bacillus altitudinis SL7 isolated from pulp and paper mill effluent. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:420-432. [PMID: 35050893 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a major by-product of pulp and paper industries, and is resistant to depolymerization due to its heterogeneous structure. Degradation of lignin can be achieved by the use of potential lignin-degrading bacteria. The current study was designed to evaluate the degradation efficiency of newly isolated Bacillus altitudinis SL7 from pulp and paper mill effluent. The degradation efficiency of B. altitudinis SL7 was determined by color reduction, lignin content, and ligninolytic activity from degradation medium supplemented with alkali lignin (3 g/L). B. altitudinis SL7 reduced color and lignin content by 26 and 44%, respectively, on the 5th day of incubation, as evident from the maximum laccase activity. Optimum degradation was observed at 40 °C and pH 8.0. FT-IR spectroscopy and GC-MS analysis confirmed lignin degradation by emergence of the new peaks and identification of low-molecular-weight compounds in treated samples. The identified compounds such as vanillin, 2-methyoxyhenol, 3-methyl phenol, oxalic acid and ferulic acid suggested the degradation of coniferyl and sinapyl groups of lignin. Degradation efficiency of B. altitudinis SL7 towards high lignin concentration under alkaline pH indicated the potential application of this isolate in biological treatment of the lignin-containing effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Islam Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail: ; Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Asaf Zarin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Safia Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Fariha Hasan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Ali Osman Belduz
- Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sabriye Çanakçi
- Department of Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Samiullah Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
| | - Muhammad Farman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Ali Shah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan E-mail:
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17
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Weng C, Peng X, Han Y. Depolymerization and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:84. [PMID: 33812391 PMCID: PMC8019502 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, the most abundant renewable aromatic compound in nature, is an excellent feedstock for value-added bioproducts manufacturing; while the intrinsic heterogeneity and recalcitrance of which hindered the efficient lignin biorefinery and utilization. Compared with chemical processing, bioprocessing with microbial and enzymatic catalysis is a clean and efficient method for lignin depolymerization and conversion. Generally, lignin bioprocessing involves lignin decomposition to lignin-based aromatics via extracellular microbial enzymes and further converted to value-added bioproducts through microbial metabolism. In the review, the most recent advances in degradation and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts catalyzed by microbes and enzymes were summarized. The lignin-degrading microorganisms of white-rot fungi, brown-rot fungi, soft-rot fungi, and bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were comparatively analyzed. The catalytic metabolism of the microbial lignin-degrading enzymes of laccase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, biphenyl bond cleavage enzyme, versatile peroxidase, and β-etherize was discussed. The microbial metabolic process of H-lignin, G-lignin, S-lignin based derivatives, protocatechuic acid, and catechol was reviewed. Lignin was depolymerized to lignin-derived aromatic compounds by the secreted enzymes of fungi and bacteria, and the aromatics were converted to value-added compounds through microbial catalysis and metabolic engineering. The review also proposes new insights for future work to overcome the recalcitrance of lignin and convert it to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Weng
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaowei Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yejun Han
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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18
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Ali SS, Al-Tohamy R, Koutra E, Kornaros M, Khalil M, Elsamahy T, El-Shetehy M, Sun J. Coupling azo dye degradation and biodiesel production by manganese-dependent peroxidase producing oleaginous yeasts isolated from wood-feeding termite gut symbionts. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:61. [PMID: 33685508 PMCID: PMC7938474 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Textile industry represents one prevalent activity worldwide, generating large amounts of highly contaminated and rich in azo dyes wastewater, with severe effects on natural ecosystems and public health. However, an effective and environmentally friendly treatment method has not yet been implemented, while concurrently, the increasing demand of modern societies for adequate and sustainable energy supply still remains a global challenge. Under this scope, the purpose of the present study was to isolate promising species of yeasts inhabiting wood-feeding termite guts, for combined azo dyes and textile wastewater bioremediation, along with biodiesel production. RESULTS Thirty-eight yeast strains were isolated, molecularly identified and subsequently tested for desired enzymatic activity, lipid accumulation, and tolerance to lignin-derived metabolites. The most promising species were then used for construction of a novel yeast consortium, which was further evaluated for azo dyes degradation, under various culture conditions, dye levels, as well as upon the addition of heavy metals, different carbon and nitrogen sources, and lastly agro-waste as an inexpensive and environmentally friendly substrate alternative. The novel yeast consortium, NYC-1, which was constructed included the manganese-dependent peroxidase producing oleaginous strains Meyerozyma caribbica, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Debaryomyces hansenii, and Vanrija humicola, and showed efficient azo dyes decolorization, which was further enhanced depending on the incubation conditions. Furthermore, enzymatic activity, fatty acid profile and biodiesel properties were thoroughly investigated. Lastly, a dye degradation pathway coupled to biodiesel production was proposed, including the formation of phenol-based products, instead of toxic aromatic amines. CONCLUSION In total, this study might be the first to explore the application of MnP and lipid-accumulating yeasts for coupling dye degradation and biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Samir Ali
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Rania Al-Tohamy
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Eleni Koutra
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str., University Campus, 26504, Patras, Greece
- INVALOR: Research Infrastructure for Waste Valorization and Sustainable Management, University Campus, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str., University Campus, 26504, Patras, Greece
- INVALOR: Research Infrastructure for Waste Valorization and Sustainable Management, University Campus, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Maha Khalil
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamer Elsamahy
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Mohamed El-Shetehy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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19
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Kurkina Y, Travkin V, Solyanikova I. Biotechnological potential of fungi and bacteria with ligninolytic activity (mini-review). BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213005005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The presented mini-review gives a general idea of oxidative enzymes of fungi and bacteria. Possible directions of their practical application are shown.
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20
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Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Substrate for Oleaginous Microorganisms: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms capable of accumulating lipids in high percentages, known as oleaginous microorganisms, have been widely studied as an alternative for producing oleochemicals and biofuels. Microbial lipid, so-called Single Cell Oil (SCO), production depends on several growth parameters, including the nature of the carbon substrate, which must be efficiently taken up and converted into storage lipid. On the other hand, substrates considered for large scale applications must be abundant and of low acquisition cost. Among others, lignocellulosic biomass is a promising renewable substrate containing high percentages of assimilable sugars (hexoses and pentoses). However, it is also highly recalcitrant, and therefore it requires specific pretreatments in order to release its assimilable components. The main drawback of lignocellulose pretreatment is the generation of several by-products that can inhibit the microbial metabolism. In this review, we discuss the main aspects related to the cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms using lignocellulosic biomass as substrate, hoping to contribute to the development of a sustainable process for SCO production in the near future.
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21
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Gonçalves CC, Bruce T, Silva CDOG, Fillho EXF, Noronha EF, Carlquist M, Parachin NS. Bioprospecting Microbial Diversity for Lignin Valorization: Dry and Wet Screening Methods. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1081. [PMID: 32582068 PMCID: PMC7295907 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignin is an abundant cell wall component, and it has been used mainly for generating steam and electricity. Nevertheless, lignin valorization, i.e. the conversion of lignin into high value-added fuels, chemicals, or materials, is crucial for the full implementation of cost-effective lignocellulosic biorefineries. From this perspective, rapid screening methods are crucial for time- and resource-efficient development of novel microbial strains and enzymes with applications in the lignin biorefinery. The present review gives an overview of recent developments and applications of a vast arsenal of activity and sequence-based methodologies for uncovering novel microbial strains with ligninolytic potential, novel enzymes for lignin depolymerization and for unraveling the main metabolic routes during growth on lignin. Finally, perspectives on the use of each of the presented methods and their respective advantages and disadvantages are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyne Caetano Gonçalves
- Department of Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Universidade Católica de Brasília - UCB, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bruce
- Department of Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Universidade Católica de Brasília - UCB, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliane Ferreira Noronha
- Laboratory of Enzymology, Department of Cellular Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Magnus Carlquist
- Division of Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nádia Skorupa Parachin
- Department of Genomic Science and Biotechnology, Universidade Católica de Brasília - UCB, Brasília, Brazil
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22
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Islam MK, Wang H, Rehman S, Dong C, Hsu HY, Lin CSK, Leu SY. Sustainability metrics of pretreatment processes in a waste derived lignocellulosic biomass biorefinery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122558. [PMID: 31862395 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Excessive utilization of fossil fuels has resulted in serious concerns about climate change. Integrating biorefinery technology to convert waste-derived-lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels and biopolymers has become an emerging topic toward our sustainable future. Pretreatment to fractionate the building block chemicals from the biomass is a crucial unit operation to ease the downstream processes in biorefinery. However, application of solvents and chemicals in the process can create many operational and environmental challenges in sensitive areas like highly populated cities. To shed light on how to determine a green biorefinery, this study presents the sustainability metrics of various pretreatment techniques and their operational risks during urbanization. The proposed green indexes include fractionation outputs, chemical recyclability, operational profile, and safety factors. In line with the design principles of lignin valorization, the issue of urban biomass and water-and-energy nexus are addressed to support future development and application of urban biorefinery for municipal waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Khairul Islam
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development (RISUD), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huaimin Wang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shazia Rehman
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chengyu Dong
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shao-Yuan Leu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development (RISUD), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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23
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Yu Y, Xu Z, Chen S, Jin M. Microbial lipid production from dilute acid and dilute alkali pretreated corn stover via Trichosporon dermatis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 295:122253. [PMID: 31630000 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbial lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass has attracted much attention recently. In this study, T. dermatis 32903 was selected from eleven promising oleaginous yeast strains. Carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) was investigated and optimized to maximize lipid production. Dilute acid (DA) pretreated corn stover (CS) and dilute alkali (AL) pretreated CS were then used for microbial lipid production, resulting in lipid concentrations of 7.46 g/L and 6.81 g/L, with sugar to lipid yields reached 0.104 g/g and 0.101 g/g, respectively. Washing of DA-CS and AL-CS enhanced lipid production to 11.43 g/L and 20.36 g/L with sugar to lipid yields improved to 0.156 g/g and 0.186 g/g, respectively. As degradation products in pretreated biomass showed severe inhibition on lipid fermentation, eight typical degradation products were further investigated for their effects on lipid fermentation. T. dermatis 32903 exhibited high tolerance to furan derivatives and week acids, but lower tolerance to phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zhaoxian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
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24
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Li C, Chen C, Wu X, Tsang CW, Mou J, Yan J, Liu Y, Lin CSK. Recent advancement in lignin biorefinery: With special focus on enzymatic degradation and valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121898. [PMID: 31395402 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With the intensive development of lignocellulosic biorefineries to produce fuels and chemicals from biomass-derived carbohydrates, lignin was generated at a large quantity every year. Therefore, lignin has received increasing attention as an abundant aromatics resource in terms of research and development efforts for value-added chemicals production. In this review, studies about lignin degradation especially the crucial enzymes involved and the reaction mechanism were substantially discussed, which provided the molecular basis of lignin biodegradation. Then, the latest improvements in lignin valorization by biological methods were summarized and case studies about value-added compounds from lignin were introduced. Afterwards, challenges, opportunities and prospects regarding biorefinery of lignin were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- BioZone, Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Xiaofen Wu
- Hunan Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Science and Space Breeding, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Wing Tsang
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinhua Mou
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jianbin Yan
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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25
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Brink DP, Ravi K, Lidén G, Gorwa-Grauslund MF. Mapping the diversity of microbial lignin catabolism: experiences from the eLignin database. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3979-4002. [PMID: 30963208 PMCID: PMC6486533 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is a heterogeneous aromatic biopolymer and a major constituent of lignocellulosic biomass, such as wood and agricultural residues. Despite the high amount of aromatic carbon present, the severe recalcitrance of the lignin macromolecule makes it difficult to convert into value-added products. In nature, lignin and lignin-derived aromatic compounds are catabolized by a consortia of microbes specialized at breaking down the natural lignin and its constituents. In an attempt to bridge the gap between the fundamental knowledge on microbial lignin catabolism, and the recently emerging field of applied biotechnology for lignin biovalorization, we have developed the eLignin Microbial Database ( www.elignindatabase.com ), an openly available database that indexes data from the lignin bibliome, such as microorganisms, aromatic substrates, and metabolic pathways. In the present contribution, we introduce the eLignin database, use its dataset to map the reported ecological and biochemical diversity of the lignin microbial niches, and discuss the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Brink
- Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Krithika Ravi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Lidén
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marie F Gorwa-Grauslund
- Applied Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
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Xu Z, Lei P, Zhai R, Wen Z, Jin M. Recent advances in lignin valorization with bacterial cultures: microorganisms, metabolic pathways, and bio-products. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:32. [PMID: 30815030 PMCID: PMC6376720 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic substrate on Earth and its valorization technologies are still under developed. Depolymerization and fragmentation are the predominant preparatory strategies for valorization of lignin to chemicals and fuels. However, due to the structural heterogeneity of lignin, depolymerization and fragmentation typically result in diverse product species, which require extensive separation and purification procedures to obtain target products. For lignin valorization, bacterial-based systems have attracted increasing attention because of their diverse metabolisms, which can be used to funnel multiple lignin-based compounds into specific target products. Here, recent advances in lignin valorization using bacteria are critically reviewed, including lignin-degrading bacteria that are able to degrade lignin and use lignin-associated aromatics, various associated metabolic pathways, and application of bacterial cultures for lignin valorization. This review will provide insight into the recent breakthroughs and future trends of lignin valorization based on bacterial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Peng Lei
- Nanjing Institute for Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing, 211111 China
| | - Rui Zhai
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Zhiqiang Wen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
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Xu R, Zhang K, Liu P, Han H, Zhao S, Kakade A, Khan A, Du D, Li X. Lignin depolymerization and utilization by bacteria. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:557-566. [PMID: 30219494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lignin compound wastes are generated as a result of agricultural and industrial practices. Microorganism-mediated bio-catalytic processes can depolymerize and utilize lignin eco-friendly. Although fungi have been studied since several decades for their ability to depolymerize lignin, strict growth conditions of fungus limit it's industrial application. Compared with fungi, bacteria can tolerate wider pH, temperature, oxygen ranges and are easy to manipulate. Several studies have focused on bacteria involved in the process of lignin depolymerization and utilization. Pseudomonas have been used for paper mill wastewater treatment while Rhodococcus are widely reported to accumulate lipid. In this review, the recent studies on bacterial utilization in paper wastewater treatment, lignin conversion to biofuels, bioplastic, biofertilizers and other value-added chemicals are summarized. As bacteria possess remarkable advantages in industrial production, they may play a promising role in the future commercial lignin utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huawen Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Apurva Kakade
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Aman Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute for Energy Research, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangkai Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Tianshuinanlu #222, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
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