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Falardeau D, Dubois S, Kolta A. The coordination of chewing. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 83:102805. [PMID: 37913688 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Feeding behavior involves a complex organization of neural circuitry and interconnected pathways between the cortex, the brainstem, and muscles. Elevated synchronicity is required starting from the moment the animal brings the food to its mouth, chews, and initiates subsequent swallowing. Moreover, orofacial sensory and motor systems are coordinated in a way to optimize movement patterns as a result of integrating information from premotor neurons. Recent studies have uncovered significant discoveries employing various and creative techniques in order to identify key components in these vital functions. Here, we attempt to provide a brief overview of our current knowledge on orofacial systems. While our focus will be on recent breakthroughs regarding the masticatory machinery, we will also explore how it is sometimes intertwined with other functions, such as swallowing and limb movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Falardeau
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur le Cerveau et l'Apprentissage (CIRCA), QC, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophia Dubois
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur le Cerveau et l'Apprentissage (CIRCA), QC, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Arlette Kolta
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur le Cerveau et l'Apprentissage (CIRCA), QC, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Chang WH, Chen MH, Liu JF, Chung WL, Chiu LL, Huang YF. Surface Electromyography for Evaluating the Effect of Aging on the Coordination of Swallowing Muscles. Dysphagia 2023; 38:1430-1439. [PMID: 37106228 PMCID: PMC10471631 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-023-10572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Swallowing function can deteriorate with age, leading to a risk of dysphagia. Swallowing evaluation by surface electromyography (sEMG) can be easily and extensively applied for an elderly population. This study evaluated the temporal events observed by sEMG to clarify how aging affects the coordination among the masticatory and suprahyoid muscles. We recruited elderly individuals (over 65 years old) who denied dysphagia. The sEMG activities of anterior temporalis, masseter, and suprahyoid muscles were recorded during 3, 15, and 30 ml water swallowing tests (WST). We calculated the time interval between anterior temporalis and suprahyoid peak activity (T-SH interval) and masseter and suprahyoid peak activity (M-SH interval) and analyzed their correlation with age. The subjects who could and could not swallow 30 ml of water in one gulp were further assigned into the one-gulp and piecemeal groups, respectively, for subgroup analysis. We recruited 101 subjects, among whom 75 (26 males and 49 females) were analyzed after excluding those with suspected dysphagia or low-quality sEMG recordings. Age was significantly correlated with the bilateral T-SH (left: r = 0.249, p = 0.031; right: r = 0.412, p < 0.01) and right M-SH (r = 0.242, p = 0.037) intervals in the 30 ml WST. The correlation between intervals and age were observed in both subgroups. sEMG can be used to investigate the effect of aging on the temporal coordination between masticatory and suprahyoid contraction. Further studies are needed to verify the validity of screening subclinical dysphagia in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Han Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 333323, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, 204201, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, 333324, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, 333423, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Fang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, 333324, Taiwan
| | - Wei Li Chung
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, 333423, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Chiu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, 333324, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences and Geriatric and Long-Term Care Research Center, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd, Guishan Dist, Taoyuan City, 333324, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Fang Huang
- Department of General Dentistry, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing Street, Gueishan Dist, Taoyuan City, 333423, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, 333323, Taiwan.
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Pitts T, Iceman KE. Deglutition and the Regulation of the Swallow Motor Pattern. Physiology (Bethesda) 2023; 38:0. [PMID: 35998250 PMCID: PMC9707372 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00005.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite centuries of investigation, questions and controversies remain regarding the fundamental genesis and motor pattern of swallow. Two significant topics include inspiratory muscle activity during swallow (Schluckatmung, i.e., "swallow-breath") and anatomical boundaries of the swallow pattern generator. We discuss the long history of reports regarding the presence or absence of Schluckatmung and the possible advantages of and neural basis for such activity, leading to current theories and novel experimental directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Pitts
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kimberly E Iceman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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Çiğneme Fonksiyonu: Anatomi, Fizyoloji ve Nörolojik Kontrolü. ANADOLU KLINIĞI TIP BILIMLERI DERGISI 2021. [DOI: 10.21673/anadoluklin.902646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Milford EM, Wang B, Smith K, Choi D, Martin-Harris B, Garand KL(F. Aging and Sex Effects on Mastication Performance in Healthy, Nondysphagic, Community-Dwelling Adults. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2020; 29:705-713. [PMID: 32163297 PMCID: PMC7842865 DOI: 10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the impact of age and sex on mastication performance in healthy, nondysphagic, community-dwelling adults as observed during videofluoroscopy. Method Videofluoroscopic swallowing study imaging and mastication performance metrics (cycles, duration) were used to evaluate 185 healthy individuals (102 women, 83 men) aged 21-89 years. Results A significant effect of age on mastication cycles was not observed; however, a significant but weak effect of age on mastication duration was found. Female participants were observed to have significantly more mastication cycles and longer mastication durations compared to male participants. Three behavioral patterns of mastication performance emerged. Conclusions The results of this study contribute to normative data of mastication performance. An individual's sex was found to have a significant effect on mastication performance, although, in contrast to previous studies, age was not observed to significantly alter mastication performance. Differences in study methodologies likely explain the latter finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Milford
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile
| | - Bin Wang
- Statistical Consulting Center, Department of Math and Statistics, University of South Alabama, Mobile
| | - Kimberly Smith
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile
| | - Dahye Choi
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile
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Österlund C, Nilsson E, Hellström F, Häger CK, Häggman-Henrikson B. Jaw-neck movement integration in 6-year-old children differs from that of adults. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 47:27-35. [PMID: 31357241 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A functional integration between the jaw and neck regions during purposive jaw movements is well described in adults, but there is a lack of knowledge of such integration during jaw function in children. OBJECTIVES To determine the movement integration between the jaw and neck during jaw motor tasks in 6-year-olds, whether there is a difference between children and adults. METHODS Jaw and neck movements were recorded with an optoelectronic 3D system in 25 healthy 6-year-olds (12 girls, 13 boys) and 24 healthy adults (12 women, 12 men) during paced jaw opening-closing and self-paced gum chewing. Jaw and neck movement amplitudes, intra-individual variation in movement amplitude, ratio between neck-jaw movement amplitudes and movement cycle time were analysed. Differences between children and adults were evaluated with Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples. RESULTS Compared to adults, 6-year-old children showed larger neck movement amplitudes (P = .008) during chewing, higher intra-individual variability in amplitudes of jaw (P = .008) and neck (P = .001) movements, higher ratio between neck-jaw movement amplitudes for jaw opening-closing (P = .026) and chewing (P = .003), and longer jaw movement cycle time (P ≤ .0001) during the jaw opening-closing task. CONCLUSION Despite integrated jaw-neck movements in 6-year-old children, the movement pattern differs from that of adults and may be interpreted as an immature programming of jaw-neck motor behaviour. The well-integrated movements observed in adults most likely develop over years, perhaps into adolescence, and needs further research including well-controlled longitudinal studies to map this development in order to provide appropriate age-related clinical treatment for functional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Österlund
- Department of Odontology, Clinical Oral Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Evelina Nilsson
- Department of Odontology, Clinical Oral Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Hellström
- Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Charlotte K Häger
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Häggman-Henrikson
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, University of Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Malmö, Sweden
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