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Soltani-Fard E, Taghvimi S, Karimi F, Vahedi F, Khatami SH, Behrooj H, Deylami Hayati M, Movahedpour A, Ghasemi H. Urinary biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119762. [PMID: 38844018 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a significant consequence of diabetes, is associated with adverse cardiovascular and renal disease as well as mortality. Although microalbuminuria is considered the best non-invasive marker for DN, better predictive markers are needed of sufficient sensitivity and specificity to detect disease in general and in early disease specifically. Even prior to appearance of microalbuminuria, urinary biomarkers increase in diabetics and can serve as accurate nephropathy biomarkers even in normoalbuminuria. In this review, a number of novel urine biomarkers including those reflecting kidney damage caused by glomerular/podocyte damage, tubular damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and intrarenal renin-angiotensin system activation are discussed. Our review also includes emerging biomarkers such as urinary microRNAs. These short noncoding miRNAs regulate gene expression and could be utilized to identify potential novel biomarkers in DN development and progression. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Soltani-Fard
- Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sina Taghvimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Farzaneh Vahedi
- Biomedical and Microbial Advanced Technologies Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Hassan Ghasemi
- Research Center for Environmental Contaminants (RCEC), Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
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Sharma V, Khokhar M, Panigrahi P, Gadwal A, Setia P, Purohit P. Advancements, Challenges, and clinical implications of integration of metabolomics technologies in diabetic nephropathy. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119842. [PMID: 38969086 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe complication of diabetes, involves a range of renal abnormalities driven by metabolic derangements. Metabolomics, revealing dynamic metabolic shifts in diseases like DN and offering insights into personalized treatment strategies, emerges as a promising tool for improved diagnostics and therapies. METHODS We conducted an extensive literature review to examine how metabolomics contributes to the study of DN and the challenges associated with its implementation in clinical practice. We identified and assessed relevant studies that utilized metabolomics methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) to assess their efficacy in diagnosing DN. RESULTS Metabolomics unveils key pathways in DN progression, highlighting glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Biomarkers like glycated albumin and free fatty acids offer insights into DN nuances, guiding potential treatments. Metabolomics detects small-molecule metabolites, revealing disease-specific patterns for personalized care. CONCLUSION Metabolomics offers valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying DN progression and holds promise for personalized medicine approaches. Further research in this field is warranted to elucidate additional metabolic pathways and identify novel biomarkers for early detection and targeted therapeutic interventions in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - M Khokhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - P Panigrahi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - A Gadwal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - P Setia
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - P Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India.
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Xue L, Yang X, Song Y, Wang C, Zhou J, Liang H. Urinary mitochondrial DNA may be useful in diagnosing early diabetic nephropathy. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:570. [PMID: 38023365 PMCID: PMC10652235 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine whether urinary mitochondrial (mt)DNA could be combined as a non-invasive biomarker with other clinical findings of kidney injury to help diagnose early diabetic nephropathy (DN). A total of 165 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were enrolled in the present study and the mtDNA levels in urine were measured using quantitative PCR. The diagnostic value of urinary mtDNA levels in patients with T2DM was compared using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or albumin-to-creatinine ratio staging. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between urinary mtDNA and other clinical findings. Correlation factors for early DN were assessed using univariate logistic regression analysis. Urinary leukocyte and glucose levels do not interfere with urinary mtDNA levels. In patients with T2DM, the level of urinary mtDNA increases in the early stages of kidney injury and further increases with the severity of kidney injury. Urinary mtDNA levels in patients with eGFR 60-90 ml/min/1.73 m2 were higher than that in patients with eGFR >90 ml/min/1.73 m2. The levels of urinary mt89DNA and mt349DNA were negatively correlated with the eGFR level (ρ=-0.437; P<0.001; ρ=-0.390; P<0.001) and positively correlated with the level of cystatin C (ρ=0.177; P=0.025; ρ=0.144; P=0.070). Urinary mtDNA is positively correlated with early DN occurrence [odds ratio (OR), 1.330; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.175-1.507; P<0.001; OR, 1.328; 95% CI, 1.156-1.525; P<0.001]. In conclusion, urinary mtDNA combined with other clinical indicators of kidney injury may help the diagnosis of early DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Ansari SS, Sharma DR. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Estimation of Urine Albumin for the Early Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India. Cureus 2023; 15:e45522. [PMID: 37868453 PMCID: PMC10585410 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy is a significant concern among individuals with diabetes mellitus, warranting early diagnosis for effective management. This study focuses on the potential of urine albumin estimation as an early diagnostic tool for diabetic nephropathy among patients in central India. Methods A cross-sectional methodology involved 65 individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care hospital. Demographic factors, including age, gender, family history, duration of diabetes, and dietary patterns, were gathered. Urine albumin levels were categorized as "normal," "microalbuminuria," and "macroalbuminuria." The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Qualitative variables were presented as percentages and counts. The comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square exact test. Quantitative variables were described as mean (±standard deviation) and median. Results The study reveals that 78.5% of cases exhibited normal levels below 30 mg, with a mean value of 1.00 ± 0.414. Microalbuminuria, characterized by 30-300 mg levels, was observed in 21.5% of cases. Importantly, no instances of macroalbuminuria, with levels exceeding 300 mg, were detected among the participants. There are associations between demographic variables and diabetic nephropathy findings. Age and gender displayed non-significant associations. Family history of diseases, particularly diabetes, showed significance. Diabetes duration demonstrated a significant link, while diet patterns displayed no significant associations. Conclusion This study contributes insights into the complex interactions of demographic factors in diabetic nephropathy. Early identification and intervention, guided by the associations observed, could enhance patient outcomes and mitigate the burden of diabetic nephropathy-related complications. Further research is warranted to validate and extend these findings to diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha S Ansari
- Medical Surgical Nursing, Smt. Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Dr Ranjana Sharma
- Medical Surgical Nursing, Smt. Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND
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Joshi N, Bhat F, Bellad A, Sathe G, Jain A, Chavan S, Sirdeshmukh R, Pandey A. Urinary Proteomics for Discovery of Gastric Cancer Biomarkers to Enable Precision Clinical Oncology. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2023; 27:361-371. [PMID: 37579183 PMCID: PMC10625469 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
For precision in clinical oncology practice, detection of tumor-derived peptides and proteins in urine offers an attractive and noninvasive alternative for diagnostic or screening purposes. In this study, we report comparative quantitative proteomic profiling of urine samples from patients with gastric cancer and healthy controls using tandem mass tags-based multiplexed mass spectrometry approach. We identified 1504 proteins, of which 246 were differentially expressed in gastric cancer cases. Notably, ephrin A1 (EFNA1), pepsinogen A3 (PGA3), sortilin 1 (SORT1), and vitronectin (VTN) were among the upregulated proteins, which are known to play crucial roles in the progression of gastric cancer. We also found other overexpressed proteins, including shisa family member 5 (SHISA5), mucin like 1 (MUCL1), and leukocyte cell derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), which had not previously been linked to gastric cancer. Using a novel approach for targeted proteomics, SureQuant, we validated changes in abundance of a subset of proteins discovered in this study. We confirmed the overexpression of vitronectin and sortilin 1 in an independent set of urine samples. Altogether, this study provides molecular candidates for biomarker development in gastric cancer, and the findings also support the promise of urinary proteomics for noninvasive diagnostics and personalized/precision medicine in the oncology clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Joshi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Firdous Bhat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anikha Bellad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Gajanan Sathe
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Anu Jain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sandip Chavan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Pereira PG, Alves LL, Ciambarella BT, Rabelo K, Nascimento ALR, Moraes ACN, Bernardi A, Guimarães FV, Carvalho GM, da Silva JFR, de Carvalho JJ. Capybara Oil Improves Renal Pathophysiology and Inflammation in Obese Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:2925. [PMID: 37447251 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an inflammatory disease associated with secondary diseases such as kidney disease, which can cause lipotoxicity, inflammation and loss of organ function. Polyunsaturated fatty acids act in the production of lipid mediators and have anti-inflammatory characteristics. In this work, the objective was to evaluate renal histopathology in obese mice and the effects of treatment with capybara oil (CO) (5000 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks). Parameters such as body mass, lipid profile, systolic blood pressure, urinary creatinine and protein excretion, structure and ultrastructure of the renal cortex, fibrosis, tissue inflammation and oxidative stress were analyzed. CO treatment in obese mice showed improvement in the lipid profile and reduction in systolic blood pressure levels, in addition to beneficial remodeling of the renal cortex. Our data demonstrated that CO decreased inflammation, oxidative stress and renal fibrosis, as evidenced by quantifying the expression of TNF-α, IL-10, CAT, SOD, α-SMA and TGF-β. Although treatment with CO did not show improvement in renal function, ultrastructural analysis showed that the treatment was effective in restoring podocytes and pedicels, with restructuring of the glomerular filtration barrier. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that treatment with CO is effective in reducing kidney damage, being considered a promising treatment for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila G Pereira
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana L Alves
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bianca T Ciambarella
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Kíssila Rabelo
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia R Nascimento
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alan Cesar N Moraes
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory of Biology Institute, University of Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andressa Bernardi
- Inflammation Laboratory, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela M Carvalho
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jemima F R da Silva
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorge J de Carvalho
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard Vinte e Oito de Setembro, 87 Fundos, 3° Andar Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
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7
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Mogos M, Socaciu C, Socaciu AI, Vlad A, Gadalean F, Bob F, Milas O, Cretu OM, Suteanu-Simulescu A, Glavan M, Ienciu S, Balint L, Jianu DC, Petrica L. Metabolomic Investigation of Blood and Urinary Amino Acids and Derivatives in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Early Diabetic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1527. [PMID: 37371622 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease; however, few biomarkers of its early identification are available. The aim of the study was to assess new biomarkers in the early stages of DKD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. This cross-sectional pilot study performed an integrated metabolomic profiling of blood and urine in 90 patients with type 2 DM, classified into three subgroups according to albuminuria stage from P1 to P3 (30 normo-, 30 micro-, and 30 macroalbuminuric) and 20 healthy controls using high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-ESI* MS). From a large cohort of separated and identified molecules, 33 and 39 amino acids and derivatives from serum and urine, respectively, were selected for statistical analysis using Metaboanalyst 5.0. online software. The multivariate and univariate algorithms confirmed the relevance of some amino acids and derivatives as biomarkers that are responsible for the discrimination between healthy controls and DKD patients. Serum molecules such as tiglylglycine, methoxytryptophan, serotonin sulfate, 5-hydroxy lysine, taurine, kynurenic acid, and tyrosine were found to be more significant in the discrimination between group C and subgroups P1-P2-P3. In urine, o-phosphothreonine, aspartic acid, 5-hydroxy lysine, uric acid, methoxytryptophan, were among the most relevant metabolites in the discrimination between group C and DKD group, as well between subgroups P1-P2-P3. The identification of these potential biomarkers may indicate their involvement in the early DKD and 2DM progression, reflecting kidney injury at specific sites along the nephron, even in the early stages of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mogos
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Therapy BIODIATECH, SC Proplanta, Str. Trifoiului 12G, 400478 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Iulia Socaciu
- Department of Occupational Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Haţieganu", Str. Victor Babes 8, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Vlad
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florica Gadalean
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Flaviu Bob
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Oana Milas
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavian Marius Cretu
- Department of Surgery I-Division of Surgical Semiology I, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Emergency Clinical Municipal Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Suteanu-Simulescu
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Glavan
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Silvia Ienciu
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Balint
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dragos Catalin Jianu
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Neurosciences-Division of Neurology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (Neuropsy-Cog), Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ligia Petrica
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Division of Nephrology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (Neuropsy-Cog), Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie, Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Pediatric Diabetic Nephropathy: Novel Insights from microRNAs. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041447. [PMID: 36835983 PMCID: PMC9961327 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) represents the most common microvascular complication in patients with diabetes. This progressive kidney disease has been recognized as the major cause of end-stage renal disease with higher morbidity and mortality. However, its tangled pathophysiology is still not fully known. Due to the serious health burden of DN, novel potential biomarkers have been proposed to improve early identification of the disease. In this complex landscape, several lines of evidence supported a critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating posttranscriptional levels of protein-coding genes involved in DN pathophysiology. Indeed, intriguing data showed that deregulation of certain miRNAs (e.g., miRNAs 21, -25, -92, -210, -126, -216, and -377) were pathogenically linked to the onset and the progression of DN, suggesting not only a role as early biomarkers but also as potential therapeutic targets. To date, these regulatory biomolecules represent the most promising diagnostic and therapeutic options for DN in adult patients, while similar pediatric evidence is still limited. More, findings from these elegant studies, although promising, need to be deeper investigated in larger validation studies. In an attempt to provide a comprehensive pediatric overview in the field, we aimed to summarize the most recent evidence on the emerging role of miRNAs in pediatric DN pathophysiology.
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Ren G, Jiao P, Yan Y, Ma X, Qin G. Baicalin Exerts a Protective Effect in Diabetic Nephropathy by Repressing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Through the SphK1/S1P/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:1193-1205. [PMID: 37131503 PMCID: PMC10149099 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s407177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Baicalin (BA) shows renal protection against DN through its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. However, the molecular mechanism by which BA exerts the therapeutic effects on DN remains to be investigated. Methods The db/db mice and high glucose (HG)-induced HK-2 cells were used as the in vivo and in vitro model of DN, respectively. The effects of BA were assessed by detecting the related blood and urine biochemical parameters, kidney histopathology, inflammatory cytokine production, oxidative stress indicators, and apoptosis. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay, respectively. Related protein levels were measured by an immunoblotting method. Results In db/db model mice, BA reduced serum glucose concentration, decreased blood lipid levels, ameliorated kidney functions, and decreased histopathological changes in kidney tissues. BA also alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation in db/db mice. In addition, BA blocked the activation of sphingosine kinases type 1/sphingosine 1-phosphate (SphK1/S1P)/NF-κB pathway in db/db mice. In HK-2 cells, BA hindered HG-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation, while overexpression of SphK1 or S1P could reverse these effects. BA alleviated HG-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in HK-2 cells through the S1P/NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, BA blocked the NF-κB signaling by diminishing p65 nuclear translocation via the SphK1/S1P pathway. Conclusion Our study strongly suggests that BA protects against DN via ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis through the SphK1/S1P/NF-κB pathway. This study provides a novel insight into the therapeutic effects of BA in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Jiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yushan Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaojun Ma; Guijun Qin, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-0371-66295052, Email ;
| | - Guijun Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Xie Y, Jin D, Qiu H, Lin L, Sun S, Li D, Sha F, Zhou W, Jia M. Assessment of urinary podocalyxin as an alternative marker for urinary albumin creatinine ratio in early stage of diabetic kidney disease in older patients. Nefrologia 2022; 42:664-670. [PMID: 36402681 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study's objective is to evaluate the correlation relationship between Podocalyxin (PCX), an urinary marker of podocytes, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and the predictive value of PCX in the routine screen of early diabetic kidney disease (DKD) among older people. We also aimed to explore its prediction value despite of other metabolic factor and how PCX alters in the predictive power for early stage of diabetic nephropathy. In retrospective, 320 cases of older patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who met both inclusion and exclusion criteria were collected and divided with levels of urinary albumin, that is, normal albuminuria group, microalbuminuria group and healthy group. The correlation coefficient between PCX and ACR, and the odds ratio of PCX were gauged in the study. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was also calculated. There were 188 patients in the normal group with urine ACR<30mg/g, and 132 patients in the microproteinuria group with urine ACR 30-300mg/g. 132 cases of DKD diagnosed with ACR, among them, 104 cases of DKD were predicted by PCX. The percentage correction value was 78.8%. The following parameters such as gender, age, course of disease, glycated hemoglobin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, BMI, blood pressure, uric acid, and eGFR were used as variables for adjustment to establish the prediction model of urine PCX and ACR. Multiple logistic regression test was carried out to evaluate against the predictive ability of the model. The area under the ROC curve corresponding to the regression model after adjustment is 0.952. Although factors such as the course of disease, HbA1C, UA, and eGFR could influence on the predictive ability of PCX, PCX still has a good ability to predict early DKD in older patients. Therefore, it could be used as a diagnostic indicator for early-stage DKD in older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Xie
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Donghua Jin
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Lihua Lin
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaobo Sun
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Damei Li
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Feifei Sha
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenming Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Jia
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, Suzhou, China.
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11
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Lizotte F, Robillard S, Lavoie N, Rousseau M, Denhez B, Moreau J, Higgins S, Sabbagh R, Côté AM, Geraldes P. Enhanced SHP-1 Expression in Podocyturia Is Associated with Kidney Dysfunction in Patients with Diabetes. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:1710-1719. [PMID: 36514736 PMCID: PMC9717659 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0002152022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains the leading cause of end stage kidney disease worldwide. Despite significant advances in kidney care, there is a need to improve noninvasive techniques to predict the progression of kidney disease better for patients with diabetes. After injury, podocytes are shed in urine and may be used as a biologic tool. We previously reported that SHP-1 is upregulated in the kidney of diabetic mice, leading to podocyte dysfunction and loss. Our objective was to evaluate the expression levels of SHP-1 in urinary podocytes and kidney tissues of patients with diabetes. Methods In this prospective study, patients with and without diabetes were recruited for the quantification of SHP-1 in kidney tissues, urinary podocytes, and peripheral blood monocytes. Immunochemistry and mass spectrometry techniques were applied for kidney tissues. Urinary podocytes were counted, and expression of SHP-1 and podocyte markers were measured by quantitative PCR. Results A total of 66 participants (diabetic n=48, nondiabetic n=18) were included in the analyses. Diabetes was associated with increased SHP-1 expression in kidney tissues (P=0.03). Nephrin and podocin mRNA was not significantly increased in urinary podocytes from patients with diabetes compared with those without diabetes, whereas levels of SHP-1 mRNA expression significantly correlated with HbA1c and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Additionally, follow-up (up to 2 years post recruitment) evaluation indicated that SHP-1 mRNA expression continued to increase with eGFR decline. Conclusions Levels of SHP-1 in urinary podocytes may serve as an additional marker of glomerular disease progression in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Lizotte
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Robillard
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Lavoie
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Marina Rousseau
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoit Denhez
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Julie Moreau
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah Higgins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Sabbagh
- Department of Surgery, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Côté
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Pedro Geraldes
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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12
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Los-Stegienta A, Borkowska A, Cypryk K. Assessment of microvascular function using a novel technique Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) in patients with diabetic kidney disease: A preliminary study. Microvasc Res 2022; 144:104417. [PMID: 35931125 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) plays an important role in morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of this microangiopathy is mainly due to impaired vascular endothelial function. The Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) method is an innovative, non-invasive tool for assessing the microcirculation function (especially microcirculatory response to hypoxia), also in patients with complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted at the Medical University of Lodz, Poland. Total of 84 volunteers including 30 patients with DKD, 33 patients with DM without complications, and 21 healthy subjects underwent microvascular function assessments using FMSF. This technique measures changes in the intensity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) fluorescence from the skin on the forearm as a function of time, in response to blocking and releasing blood flow in the forearm. In this study we asses two key parameters: Reactive Hyperemia Response (RHR) and Hypoxia Sensitivity [log(HS)] to characterize vascular circulation in patients with DKD and their response to transient ischemia. RESULTS The patients with low reactive hyperemic response (the RHR parameter) had a significantly higher sCr than patients with moderate and high RHR value (p < 0.001, p < 0.05, respectively) and a significantly lower eGFR than the patients with moderate and high RHR parameter (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). The patients with very low and low log(HS) values had a significantly higher sCr than the patients with high log(HS) (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively), and a significantly lower eGFR than the patients with high log(HS) parameter (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). The patients with very low log(HS) had a significantly higher sCr and a significantly lower eGFR than the patients with moderate (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively). The mean value of the RHR parameter was significantly lower in DKD patients (18.31 ± 5.06 %) compared to both healthy subjects (34.37 ± 8.18 %, p < 0.001) and DM without complications subgroup (28.75 ± 7.12 %, p < 0.001). Similar trends were noted with the mean value of log(HS) parameter in DKD subgroup (1.03 ± 0.5) vs. healthy subjects (1.59 ± 0.53, p < 0.001), and vs. DM without complications subgroup (1.73 ± 0.52, p < 0.001). We observed a significant inverse correlation between the RHR parameter and serum creatinine (sCr) and a significant positive correlations with eGFR (R = -0.3; p < 0.05, R = 0.61; p < 0.001, respectively). We found also a significant negative correlations of the log(HS) measure with sCr and a significant positive correlations with eGFR (R = -0.33; p < 0.01, R = 0.55; p < 0.001, respectively). We observed also a significant inverse correlation between the RHR and log(HS) parameters and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (R = -0.6; p < 0.001, R = -0.32; p < 0.01, respectively). The AGEs parameter was also a significantly higher in patients with low RHR parameter than in patients with moderate (p < 0.01) and high (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The FMSF technique makes it possible to identify impairments of the microvascular function in patients with DKD. This study confirms that the simple two-parametric approach diagnostic tool perfectly characterizes the state of the microvascular system in diabetic patients with impaired renal function. These preliminary results require further validation in a larger patients cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Los-Stegienta
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Borkowska
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Department of Internal Diseases and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
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Cortvrindt C, Speeckaert R, Delanghe JR, Speeckaert MM. Urinary Epidermal Growth Factor: A Promising "Next Generation" Biomarker in Kidney Disease. Am J Nephrol 2022; 53:372-387. [PMID: 35537382 DOI: 10.1159/000524586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a globular protein that is generated in the kidney, especially in the loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubule. While EGF is nonexistent or hardly detectable in plasma, it is present in normal people's urine. Until now, risk stratification and chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis have relied on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin/creatinine ratio (uACR), both of which reflect glomerular function or impairment. Tubular dysfunction, on the other hand, may also be associated with renal failure. SUMMARY Because decreased urine EGF (uEGF) indicates tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis, this biomarker, together with eGFR and uACR, may be employed in the general population for risk assessment and diagnosis of CKD. uEGF levels have been shown to correlate with intrarenal EGF mRNA expression and have been found to decrease in a variety of glomerular and non-glomerular kidney disorders. KEY MESSAGE uEGF, uEGF/creatinine, or uEGF/monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 are possible "new generation" biomarkers linked to a variety of kidney diseases that deserve further investigation as a single biomarker or as part of a multi-biomarker panel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
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14
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Safety and efficacy of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in treating end-stage diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:2901-2909. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Dağdeviren Çakır A, Saygılı SK, Canpolat N, Konukoğlu D, Turan H, Çalışkan S, Sever L, Ercan O, Evliyaoğlu O. Elevated Urinary VEGF-A, Transferrin, and Angiotensinogen Levels in Normoalbuminuric Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: Can They Be Early Markers of Diabetic Kidney Disease? Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 94:426-432. [PMID: 34915504 DOI: 10.1159/000521447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that diabetic kidney disease (DKD) begins early, before albuminuria occurs. We therefore aimed to assess potential early urinary biomarkers of DKD in normoalbuminuric and normotensive children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) to evaluate the relationship between these markers and clinical and laboratory risk factors for DKD. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 75 children and adolescents with T1D (62% females, mean age 13.9 ± 3.2 years) with normoalbuminuria (an albumin/creatinine ratio [ACR] below 30 mg/g creatinine). Fifty-five age- and sex-matched healthy children and adolescents served as controls. For the assessment of early DKD, urinary levels of angiotensinogen (AGT), transferrin, nephrin, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were measured in adequately collected 24-h urine samples using enzyme-linked immunoassays. RESULTS The mean disease duration was 7.3 ± 3.2 (range 2.1-15.7) years, and the mean HbA1c level was 8.8 ± 1.4%. The median levels of urine VEGF-A/Cr, AGT/Cr, and transferrin/Cr were significantly higher in normoalbuminuric patients with T1D, compared with those of controls (p < 0.001, p = 0.02, and p = 0.001, respectively), but there was no difference in nephrin/Cr and KIM-1/Cr between the 2 groups. Although none of the patients had albuminuria, the median level of urine ACR was significantly higher in the patient group than the control group (p = 0.003). The ACR was positively correlated with glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Urinary transferrin/Cr, AGT/Cr, and VEGF-A/Cr were significantly correlated with ACR, but not with either GFR or diabetic risk factors including HbA1c or disease duration. CONCLUSION Normoalbuminuric and normotensive children and adolescents with T1D have elevated urinary VEGF, AGT, and transferrin levels, which may indicate the development of DKD before albuminuria occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydilek Dağdeviren Çakır
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, University of Health Sciences, Sişli Hamidiye Etfal Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seha Kamil Saygılı
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nur Canpolat
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dildar Konukoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Turan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salim Çalışkan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lale Sever
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oya Ercan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olcay Evliyaoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Comparison of Different Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Diabetic Kidney Disease. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:7378307. [PMID: 35399848 PMCID: PMC8993553 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7378307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the complications of diabetes in patients, leads to progressive loss of kidney function. Timely intervention is known to improve outcomes. Therefore, screening patients to identify high-risk populations is important. Machine learning classification techniques can be applied to patient datasets to identify high-risk patients by building a predictive model. Objective This study aims to identify a suitable classification technique for predicting DKD by applying different classification techniques to a DKD dataset and comparing their performance using WEKA machine learning software. Methods The performance of nine different classification techniques was analyzed on a DKD dataset with 410 instances and 18 attributes. Data preprocessing was carried out using the PartitionMembershipFilter. A 10-fold cross validation was performed on the dataset. The performance was assessed on the basis of the execution time, accuracy, correctly and incorrectly classified instances, kappa statistics (K), mean absolute error, root mean squared error, and true values of the confusion matrix. Results With an accuracy of 93.6585% and a higher K value (0.8731), IBK and random tree classification techniques were found to be the best performing techniques. Moreover, they also exhibited the lowest root mean squared error rate (0.2496). There were 15 false-positive instances and 11 false-negative instances with these prediction models. Conclusions This study identified IBK and random tree classification techniques as the best performing classifiers and accurate prediction methods for DKD.
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Kongtasai T, Paepe D, Meyer E, Mortier F, Marynissen S, Stammeleer L, Defauw P, Daminet S. Renal biomarkers in cats: A review of the current status in chronic kidney disease. J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:379-396. [PMID: 35218249 PMCID: PMC8965260 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum creatinine concentration, the classical biomarker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats, has important limitations that decrease its value as a biomarker of early CKD. Recently, serum symmetric dimethylarginine concentration was introduced as a novel glomerular filtration rate biomarker for the early detection of CKD in cats. However, data on its specificity are still limited. The limitations of conventional biomarkers and the desire for early therapeutic intervention in cats with CKD to improve outcomes have prompted the discovery and validation of novel renal biomarkers to detect glomerular or tubular dysfunction. Changes in the serum or urinary concentrations of these biomarkers may indicate early kidney damage or predict the progression of kidney before changes in conventional biomarkers are detectable. This review summarizes current knowledge on renal biomarkers in CKD in cats, a field that has progressed substantially over the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thirawut Kongtasai
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Dominique Paepe
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Femke Mortier
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Sofie Marynissen
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lisa Stammeleer
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Pieter Defauw
- Lumbry Park Veterinary Specialists, Alton, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvie Daminet
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Yu H, Wang H, Su X, Cao A, Yao X, Wang Y, Zhu B, Wang H, Fang J. Serum chromogranin A correlated with albuminuria in diabetic patients and is associated with early diabetic nephropathy. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:41. [PMID: 35062888 PMCID: PMC8783443 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kidney is the main site for the removal of chromogranin A (CgA). Previous studies have found that patients with renal impairment displayed elevated concentrations of CgA in plasma and that CgA concentrations reflect a deterioration of renal function. In this study, we aimed to estimate serum CgA levels and to evaluate the role of serum CgA in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS A total of 219 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were included in this cross-sectional study. These patients were classified into normoalbuminuria (n = 121), microalbuminuria (n = 73), or macroalbuminuria (n = 25) groups based on their urine albumin to creatinine ratios (UACRs). The degree of DN is reflected by UACR. A control group consisted of 45 healthy subjects. The serum CgA levels were measured by ELISA, and other key parameters were assayed. RESULTS Serum CgA levels were higher in patients with T2DM than in control subjects, and a statistically significant difference among the studied subgroups regarding CgA was found (P < 0.05). The levels of serum CgA increased gradually with the degree of DN (P < 0.001). Serum CgA levels showed a moderate-intensity positive correlation with UACRs (P < 0.001). A cutoff level of 3.46 ng/ml CgA showed 69.86% sensitivity and 66.12% specificity to detect DN in the early stage. CONCLUSION The levels of serum CgA increased gradually with the degree of DN and can be used as a biomarker in the early detection of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xue Su
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Aili Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xingmei Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yunman Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Bingbing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Ji Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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An N, Wu BT, Yang YW, Huang ZH, Feng JF. Re-understanding and focusing on normoalbuminuric diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1077929. [PMID: 36531487 PMCID: PMC9757068 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1077929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has grown up to be an important issue of global public health because of its high incidence rate. About 25% of DM patients can develop diabetic foot/ulcers (DF/DFU). Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). DF/DFU and DKD are serious complications of DM. Therefore, early diagnosis and timely prevention and treatment of DF/DFU and DKD are essential for the progress of DM. The clinical diagnosis and staging of DKD are mostly based on the urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and EGFR. However, clinically, DKD patients show normoalbuminuric diabetic kidney disease (NADKD) instead of clinical proteinuria. The old NADKD concept is no longer suitable and should be updated accordingly with the redefinition of normal proteinuria by NKF/FDA. Based on the relevant guidelines of DM and CKD and combined with the current situation of clinical research, the review described NADKD from the aspects of epidemiology, pathological mechanism, clinical characteristics, biomarkers, disease diagnosis, and the relationship with DF/DFU to arouse the new understanding of NADKD in the medical profession and pay attention to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na An
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (MIANYANG CENTRAL HOSPITAL), Mianyang, China
- Departments of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Bi-tao Wu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (MIANYANG CENTRAL HOSPITAL), Mianyang, China
- Departments of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Yu-wei Yang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (MIANYANG CENTRAL HOSPITAL), Mianyang, China
- Departments of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Zheng-hong Huang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-fu Feng
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (MIANYANG CENTRAL HOSPITAL), Mianyang, China
- Departments of Clinical Laboratory, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jia-fu Feng, ;
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Wen Y, Liu Y, Huang Q, Liu R, Liu J, Zhang F, Liu S, Jiang Y. Moringa oleifera Lam. seed extract protects kidney function in rats with diabetic nephropathy by increasing GSK-3β activity and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153856. [PMID: 34856477 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) seeds are widely used in traditional folk medicine and as nutritional supplements in the Middle East, Africa, and other regions. Published research showed that M. oleifera seeds (MOS) have pharmacological activities such as blood glucose-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. However, experimental evidence on the use of MOS to treat diabetic nephropathy and its underlying mechanisms were rarely reported. PURPOSE To evaluate the therapeutic effects of MOS extract on the kidneys of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy and reveal its underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN HFD-fed rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy and high-glucose induced Human Renal Mesangial Cells (HRMC) were used to explore the protective effect of MOS on diabetic nephropathy in vivo and in vitro. METHODS HRMC were used to preliminarily evaluate the effect of MOS extract under high glucose conditions. For the in vivo study, rats were divided into the following 6 groups (n = 5): normal control group (NC), diabetic nephropathy model group (DN), high dose of MOS-treatment group (DN + MOS-H, 200 mg/kg/d); medium dose of MOS-treatment group (DN + MOS-M, 100 mg/kg/d); low dose of MOS-treatment group (DN + MOS-l, 50 mg/kg/d), and metformin-treatment group (DN + MET, 200 mg/kg/d). After 4 weeks of treatment, the damage caused by DN was assessed based on the related parameters of urine and blood. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining were used to assess pathological tissue damage. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and phosphorylated-glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (P-GSK-3β) levels, whereas western blotting was used to detect Nrf2, HO-1, nephrin, GSK-3β, and p-GSK-3β levels. RESULTS MOS extract could inhibit the proliferation of HRMCs induced by high glucose levels. Compared with the rats in the DN group, MOS not only significantly reduced blood glucose levels and oxidative stress in the experimental rats but also improved their kidney function and reduced kidney tissue damage. Additionally, MOS extract increased GSK-3β activity and the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that MOS could activate GSK-3β and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways to exert antioxidant and anti-renal fibrosis activities, and delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Fengyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Yueping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute for Rational and Safe Medication Practices, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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21
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Amirpour-Najafabadi B, Hosseini SS, Sam-Sani P, Rezaei E, Ramezani M, Changizi-Ashtiyani S. The glycocalyx, a novel key in understanding of mechanism of diabetic nephropathy: a commentary. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:2049-2053. [PMID: 34900840 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00826-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is a chronic and progressive disease that usually causes disrupts the function of the body's organs and can eventually lead to cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease and causes chronic structural changes in different parts of the affected kidney. Glycocalyx layer is one of the most important components of the vascular base found in the endothelium throughout the body's arteries and it has been shown that glycocalyx is also damaged during diabetic nephropathy. Our goal is to conduct this systematic review study is to find the cause-and-effect relationship between glycocalyx and diabetic nephropathy and also to clarify the role of the endothelial renal glycocalyx in understanding of mechanism of the course of diabetic nephropathy, and to provide an accurate background for further important studies. Methods All databases included MEDLINE (PubMed), Science Direct, Scopus, Ovid and Google Scholar were systematically searched for related published articles. In all databases, the following search strategy was implemented and these key words (in the title/abstract) were used: "diabetes" AND "glycocalyx" OR "diabetic nephropathy" AND "glycocalyx". Results and discussion A total of 19 articles were retrieved from all databases using search strategy. After screening based on the title and abstract, number of 17 of them selected for full text assessment. Finally, after extracting the key points and making connections between the articles, we came up with new points to consider. It can be said that diabetes with the action of reactive oxygen species through oxidative stress, increases ICAM-1 and TNF-α and decreases heparanase enzyme, it affects the glomerular endothelium and eventually leads to albuminuria and destruction of the Glx layer. Conclusion Diabetes causes super-structural changes in the kidney nephrons at the glomerular level. The glomerular filter barrier, which includes the epithelial cell called the podocyte, endothelial pore cells, and basal membrane of the glomerulus, plays a major role in stabilizing the selective glomerular function in healthy individuals. Diabetic nephropathy also causes changes in endothelial glycocalyx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Amirpour-Najafabadi
- Faculty of Para-Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | | | - Parnian Sam-Sani
- Faculty of Para-Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Erfan Rezaei
- Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Majid Ramezani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Changizi-Ashtiyani
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Faculty of Para-Medicine, Department of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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22
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Ceccarelli Ceccarelli D, Paleari R, Solerte B, Mosca A. Re-thinking diabetic nephropathy: Microalbuminuria is just a piece of the diagnostic puzzle. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 524:146-153. [PMID: 34767792 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The decline of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the presence of albuminuria are the typical hallmarks of kidney disease arising as one of the most frequent diabetic complications over a long period of time, generally known as diabetic nephropathy or diabetes kidney disease (DKD). However, a decline in the renal function may occur in diabetic patients for other reasons unrelated to glycemic control, and this condition is known as non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD). In this opinion paper we will review these conditions, and we outline the importance of other investigations, such as kidney biopsy and the measurement of novel biomarkers, in order to identify the disease progression early, and to allow a timely intervention. We will also focus on the actual limits of the quantitative measurements of albumin in urine, especially with regards to potential interferences due to the treatment of patients with statins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Paleari
- Dip. di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Bruno Solerte
- Dip. di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Mosca
- Dip. di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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23
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Xie Y, Jin D, Qiu H, Lin L, Sun S, Li D, Sha F, Zhou W, Jia M. Assessment of urinary podocalyxin as an alternative marker for urinary albumin creatinine ratio in early stage of diabetic kidney disease in older patients. Nefrologia 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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24
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Ledeganck KJ, den Brinker M, Peeters E, Verschueren A, De Winter BY, France A, Dotremont H, Trouet D. The next generation: Urinary epidermal growth factor is associated with an early decline in kidney function in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 178:108945. [PMID: 34245799 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Micro-albuminuria is considered an early clinical sign of diabetes nephropathy, however, early decrease of glomerular filtration can be present years before the presence of microalbuminuria. In this study, we explored whether urinary epidermal growth factor (uEGF) might serve as an early marker of diabetes nephropathy compared to microalbuminuria in children and adolescents. METHODS Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 158) and healthy controls (n = 40) were included in this study. Serum and urine samples were collected three times with an interval of at least one month to determine creatinine (serum and urine), epidermal growth factor and albumin (urine). Demographic data and routine lab values were extracted out of the electronic patient files. RESULTS uEGF was significantly lower in children with T1DM compared to healthy controls (p = 0.032). A relatively lower glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was associated with a decreased uEGF (p < 0.001). uEGF was independently associated with eGFR in a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that uEGF can serve as an early marker of diabetes nephropathy in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristien J Ledeganck
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paedciatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Marieke den Brinker
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paedciatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emma Peeters
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paedciatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aline Verschueren
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paedciatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Y De Winter
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paedciatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annick France
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hilde Dotremont
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dominique Trouet
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paedciatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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25
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Ahn MB, Cho KS, Kim SK, Kim SH, Cho WK, Jung MH, Suh JS, Suh BK. Poor Glycemic Control Can Increase the Plasma Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Concentration in Normoalbuminuric Children and Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8050417. [PMID: 34069734 PMCID: PMC8160926 DOI: 10.3390/children8050417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious microvascular complication in childhood diabetes and microalbuminuria has been a solid indicator in the assessment of DN. Nevertheless, renal injury may still occur in the presence of normoalbuminuria (NA) and various tubular injury biomarkers have been proposed to assess such damage. This case-controlled study aimed to evaluate plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels in diabetic children particularly in those with normo- and high-NA stages and determine their role in predicting DN. Fifty-four children/adolescents with type 1 and 2 diabetes and forty-four controls aged 7–18 years were included. The baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics including plasma and urinary biomarkers were compared. The plasma KIM-1 levels were significantly higher in diabetic children than in the controls and in high-NA children than normo-NA children. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was identified as a significant risk factor for increased plasma KIM-1. The optimal cutoff for HbA1c when the plasma KIM-1 was > 23.10 pg/mL was 6.75% with an area under the curve of 0.77. For diabetic children with mildly increased albuminuria, the plasma KIM-1 complementary to MA may help increase the yield of detecting DN. Our findings also suggested an HbA1c cutoff of 6.75% correlated with increased plasma KIM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Bae Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Kyoung Soon Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Korea;
| | - Seul Ki Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea;
| | - Shin Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon 21431, Korea;
| | - Won Kyoung Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Vincent hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon 16247, Korea;
| | - Min Ho Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea;
| | - Jin-Soon Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14647, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-S.S.); (B.-K.S.)
| | - Byung-Kyu Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-S.S.); (B.-K.S.)
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26
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Lykina AA, Anfertev VA, Domracheva EG, Chernyaeva MB, Kononova YA, Toropova YG, Korolev DV, Smolyanskaya OA, Vaks VL. Terahertz high-resolution spectroscopy of thermal decomposition gas products of diabetic and non-diabetic blood plasma and kidney tissue pellets. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200415SSR. [PMID: 33686844 PMCID: PMC7939262 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.4.043008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE One of the modern trends in medical diagnostics is based on metabolomics, an approach allowing determination of metabolites which can be the specific features of disease. High-resolution gas spectroscopy allows investigation of the gas metabolite content of samples of biological origin. We present the elaboration of a method of studying diabetic and non-diabetic biological samples, prepared as pellets, by terahertz (THz) high-resolution spectroscopy. AIM The main idea of the work is studying the content of thermal decomposition gas products of diabetic and non-diabetic dried blood plasma and kidney tissues for revealing the set of gas-markers that characterized the diabetes by the THz high-resolution spectroscopy method. APPROACH We present an approach to study the diabetic and non-diabetic blood plasma (human and rats) and kidney tissues (rats), using high-resolution spectroscopy based on the non-stationary effect of THz frequency range. The methods of preparing the blood and kidney tissue samples as pellets and of vaporizing the samples were developed. RESULTS The measurements of rotational absorption spectra of vapors at heating the pellets prepared from blood and kidney tissue were carried out in 118 to 178 GHz frequency range. The absorption lines appearing in spectra of the sample vapors were detected and identified. The molecular contents of thermal decomposition products differed for non-diabetic and diabetic samples; e.g., main marker is acetone appearing in the diabetic blood (human and rats) and in the diabetic kidney tissue. CONCLUSIONS Our paper illustrates the potential ability for determining the metabolite content of biological samples for diagnostics and prognosis of diseases for clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya A. Lykina
- ITMO University, Institute of Photonics and Optical Information Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Anfertev
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena G. Domracheva
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Mariya B. Chernyaeva
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Yana G. Toropova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Olga A. Smolyanskaya
- ITMO University, Institute of Photonics and Optical Information Technologies, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir L. Vaks
- Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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27
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Alawi LF, Dhakal S, Emberesh SE, Sawant H, Hosawi A, Thanekar U, Grobe N, Elased KM. Effects of Angiotensin II Type 1A Receptor on ACE2, Neprilysin and KIM-1 in Two Kidney One Clip (2K1C) Model of Renovascular Hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:602985. [PMID: 33708117 PMCID: PMC7941277 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.602985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the renin angiotensin system plays a pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure, which is mainly attributed to the formation of angiotensin-II (Ang II). The actions of Ang II are mediated through binding to the Ang-II type 1 receptor (AT1R) which leads to increased blood pressure, fluid retention, and aldosterone secretion. In addition, Ang II is also involved in cell injury, vascular remodeling, and inflammation. The actions of Ang II could be antagonized by its conversion to the vasodilator peptide Ang (1-7), partly generated by the action of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and/or neprilysin (NEP). Previous studies demonstrated increased urinary ACE2 shedding in the db/db mouse model of diabetic kidney disease. The aim of the study was to investigate whether renal and urinary ACE2 and NEP are altered in the 2K1C Goldblatt hypertensive mice. Since AT1R is highly expressed in the kidney, we also researched the effect of global deletion of AT1R on renal and urinary ACE2, NEP, and kidney injury marker (KIM-1). Hypertension and albuminuria were induced in AT1R knock out (AT1RKO) and WT mice by unilateral constriction of the renal artery of one kidney. The 24 h mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was measured using radio-telemetry. Two weeks after 2K1C surgery, MAP and albuminuria were significantly increased in WT mice compared to AT1RKO mice. Results demonstrated a correlation between MAP and albuminuria. Unlike db/db diabetic mice, ACE2 and NEP expression and activities were significantly decreased in the clipped kidney of WT and AT1RKO compared with the contralateral kidney and sham control (p < 0.05). There was no detectable urinary ACE2 and NEP expression and activity in 2K1C mice. KIM-1 was significantly increased in the clipped kidney of WT and AT1KO (p < 0.05). Deletion of AT1R has no effect on the increased urinary KIM-1 excretion detected in 2K1C mice. In conclusion, renal injury in 2K1C Goldblatt mouse model is associated with loss of renal ACE2 and NEP expression and activity. Urinary KIM-1 could serve as an early indicator of acute kidney injury. Deletion of AT1R attenuates albuminuria and hypertension without affecting renal ACE2, NEP, and KIM-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Khalid M. Elased
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States
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Zhang Z, Liang W, Luo Q, Hu H, Yang K, Hu J, Chen Z, Zhu J, Feng J, Zhu Z, Chi Q, Ding G. PFKP Activation Ameliorates Foot Process Fusion in Podocytes in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:797025. [PMID: 35095764 PMCID: PMC8794994 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.797025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolysis dysfunction is an important pathogenesis of podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Foot process fusion of podocytes and increased albuminuria are markers of early DKD. Moreover, cytoskeletal remodeling has been found to be involved in the foot process fusion of podocytes. However, the connections between cytoskeletal remodeling and alterations of glycolysis in podocytes in DKD have not been clarified. METHODS mRNA sequencing of glomeruli obtained from db/db and db/m mice with albuminuria was performed to analyze the expression profiling of genes in glucose metabolism. Expressions of phosphofructokinase platelet type (PFKP) in the glomeruli of DKD patients were detected. Clotrimazole (CTZ) was used to explore the renal effects of PFKP inhibition in diabetic mice. Using Pfkp siRNA or recombinant plasmid to manipulate PFKP expression, the effects of PFKP on high glucose (HG) induced podocyte damage were assessed in vitro. The levels of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) were measured. Targeted metabolomics was performed to observe the alterations of the metabolites in glucose metabolism after HG stimulation. Furthermore, aldolase type b (Aldob) siRNA or recombinant plasmid were applied to evaluate the influence of FBP level alteration on podocytes. FBP was directly added to podocyte culture media. Db/db mice were treated with FBP to investigate its effects on their kidney. RESULTS mRNA sequencing showed that glycolysis enzyme genes were altered, characterized by upregulation of upstream genes (Hk1, and Pfkp) and down-regulation of downstream genes of glycolysis (Pkm, and Ldha). Moreover, the expression of PFKP was increased in glomeruli of DKD patients. The CTZ group presented more severe renal damage. In vitro, the Pfkp siRNA group and ALDOB overexpression group showed much more induced cytoskeletal remodeling in podocytes, while overexpression of PFKP and suppression of ALDOB in vitro rescued podocytes from cytoskeletal remodeling through regulation of FBP levels and inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway. Furthermore, targeted metabolomics showed FBP level was significantly increased in HG group compared with the control group. Exogenous FBP addition reduced podocyte cytoskeletal remodeling and renal damage of db/db mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence that PFKP may be a potential target for podocyte injury in DN and provide a rationale for applying podocyte glycolysis enhancing agents in patients with DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwei Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liang, ; Guohua Ding,
| | - Qiang Luo
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongtu Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Keju Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jili Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zijing Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingjia Chi
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Structure, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liang, ; Guohua Ding,
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29
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Ma N, Xu N, Yin D, Zheng P, Liu W, Wang G, Hui Y, Zhang J, Han G, Yang C, Chen Y, Cheng X, Cheng M. Circulating microRNA-194 levels in Chinese patients with diabetic kidney disease: a case-control study. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2021; 12:20420188211049615. [PMID: 34676065 PMCID: PMC8524709 DOI: 10.1177/20420188211049615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are involved in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) pathogenesis. We investigated circulating miRNA-194 levels as a biomarker of DKD prevalence and incidence, and the relationship between miRNA-194 and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP). METHODS We recruited 136 type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients at the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang and 127 healthy individuals. Circulating miRNA-194 and CHOP levels were measured using quantitative reverse transcription qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Anthropometric and biochemistry measurements were also made. RESULTS T2DM patients showed higher circulating miRNA-194 (p = 0.029) and lower circulating CHOP (p < 0.001) levels than controls. Circulating miRNA-194 levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with a microalbumin/creatinine ratio (UmALB/Cr) ⩾ 300 mg/g (p < 0.001). In addition, there were significant intergroup differences in the circulating CHOP concentrations (p = 0.005). Bivariate analysis revealed that circulating miR-194 levels were negatively correlated with alpha-fetoprotein and CHOP levels (r = -0.222, -0.301; p = 0.018, 0.001, respectively), but positively correlated with fasting glucose, UmALB/Cr, Cr, Cystatin C, quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI) (r = 0.193, 0.446, 0.260, 0.339, and 0.250, respectively; p = 0.036, <0.001, 0.005, <0.001, and 0.006, respectively), particularly UmALB/Cr and Cystatin C (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis after adjusting for covariates associated with UmALB/Cr identified duration of T2DM, systolic blood pressure, Cr, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and waist circumference as independent factors associated with T2DM patients with UmALB/Cr > 300 (p = 0.030, 0.013, <0.001, <0.001, and 0.031, respectively). CONCLUSION Circulating miRNA-194 levels could be a novel biomarker for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Guofeng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yuan Hui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jiping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The
First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Guanjun Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,
The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Chuanhui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,
The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Yiting Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism,
The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Ming Cheng
- School of Rail Transportation, Soochow
University, 1 Shizi Road, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
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Kostovska I, Trajkovska KT, Cekovska S, Topuzovska S, Kavrakova JB, Spasovski G, Kostovski O, Labudovic D. Role of urinary podocalyxin in early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MEDECINE INTERNE 2020; 58:233-241. [PMID: 32780718 DOI: 10.2478/rjim-2020-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Podocyte injury has been reported as an early feature of DN therefore, the assessment of podocyte injury can be accomplished by estimation of podocalyxin in urine. This study aimed to estimate the urinary podocalyxin levels and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this biomarker for early detection of DN.Materials and methods. A total of 90 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were included in this cross-sectional study. Sixty of them were without diagnosed DN, and 30 with diagnosed DN. A control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects. All patients with T2DM were divided into three subgroups according to urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio (UM/CR): normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric patients. Urine samples, were used for measurement of podocalyxin by ELISA, creatinine and microalbumin. Fasting venous blood samples was collected for biochemical analyses.Results. The levels of urinary podocalyxin (u-PDX) were higher in patients with T2DM compared to control subjects and a statistically significant difference among studied subgroups regarding u-PDX was found (p < 0.05). Levels of u-PDX are increasing gradually with the degree of DN (p < 0.029). u-PDX levels were positively correlated with UM/CR (r = 0.227, p = 0.002). A cut-off level of 43.8 ng/ml u-PDX showed 73.3% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity to detect DN in early stage. A cut-off level of 30 mg/g UM/CR showed 41.5% sensitivity and 90% specificity in predicting DN. u-PDX was elevated in 48,2% of normoalbuminuric patients.Conclusion. Urinary podocalyxin be useful and more sensitive and specific marker in early detection of DN than microalbuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Kostovska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Str. 50 Divizija 6, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | | | - Svetlana Cekovska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Str. 50 Divizija 6, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Sonja Topuzovska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Str. 50 Divizija 6, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | | | - Goce Spasovski
- University Clinic of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Str. Mother Teresa 17, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Ognen Kostovski
- University Clinic of Abdominal Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Str. Mother Teresa 17, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Danica Labudovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Str. 50 Divizija 6, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
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31
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Zhang Q, Ye Q, Huang X, Xu A, Liu Y, Qi J, Zhang H, Zhang J. Revealing active components, action targets and molecular mechanism of Gandi capsule for treating diabetic nephropathy based on network pharmacology strategy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:362. [PMID: 33228635 PMCID: PMC7685593 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gandi capsule is a traditional Chinese herbal formula used to promote blood circulation and removing blood stasis in clinical. Our previous study has shown that it reduces proteinuria with routine treatment in diabetic nephrophy (DN), but its pharmacological action mechanism is still unknown. Methods To facilitate the identification of components, a component database of Gandi capsule and target database of DN were established by ourselves. The components absorbed in blood circle were identified in rat plasma after oral administration of Gandi capsule by UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. The potential targets were screened by using Libdock tolls in Discovery studio 3.0. Then Pathway and Network analyses were used to enrich the screened targets. The possible targets were verified by using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) test and the molecular mechanism focusing these targets for treating DN was clarified by western blot. Results Six components in Gandi capsule were identified detected in rat plasma after oral administration by UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. After molecular docking analyses in KEGG and Discovery studio, four protein targets including HNF4A, HMGCR, JAK3, and SIRT1, were screened out, and proved as effective binding with baicalin, wogonoside by SPR. And the molecular mechanism was clarified that baicalin and wogonoside inhibit the effect of high glucose (HG)-induced decreased cell viability and podocin expression, and strengthen the activation p-AKT, p-PI3K, and p-AMPK. Conclusion Baicalin and wogonoside were screened out to be the active compounds in Gandi capsule and can ameliorate HG-induced podocyte damage by influencing the AMPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways by binding with HNF4A, HMGCR, JAK3, and SIRT1. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-020-03155-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ajing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Golea-Secara A, Munteanu C, Sarbu M, Cretu OM, Velciov S, Vlad A, Bob F, Gadalean F, Gluhovschi C, Milas O, Simulescu A, Mogos-Stefan M, Patruica M, Petrica L, Zamfir AD. Urinary proteins detected using modern proteomics intervene in early type 2 diabetic kidney disease – a pilot study. Biomark Med 2020; 14:1521-1536. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: An advanced proteomics platform for protein biomarker discovery in diabetic chronic kidney disease (DKD) was developed, validated and implemented. Materials & methods: Three Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and three control subjects were enrolled. Urinary peptides were extracted, samples were analyzed on a hybrid LTQ-Orbitrap Velos Pro instrument. Raw data were searched using the SEQUEST algorithm and integrated into Proteome Discoverer platform. Results & discussion: Unique peptide sequences, resulted sequence coverage, scoring of peptide spectrum matches were reported to albuminuria and databases. Five proteins that can be associated with early DKD were found: apolipoprotein AI, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, cytidine deaminase, S100-A8 and hemoglobin subunit delta. Conclusion: Urinary proteome analysis could be used to evaluate mechanisms of pathogenesis of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Golea-Secara
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Munteanu
- Department of Bioinformatics & Structural Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mirela Sarbu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Electrochemistry & Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavian M Cretu
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Surgery I, Municipal Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Silvia Velciov
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Vlad
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, County Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Flaviu Bob
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florica Gadalean
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Oana Milas
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Simulescu
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Maria Mogos-Stefan
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Patruica
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ligia Petrica
- Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- Centre of Translational Research & Systems Medicine, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alina D Zamfir
- National Institute for Research & Development in Electrochemistry & Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
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Al-Hazmi SF, Gad HGM, Alamoudi AA, Eldakhakhny BM, Binmahfooz SK, Alhozali AM. Evaluation of early biomarkers of renal dysfunction in diabetic patients. Saudi Med J 2020; 41:690-697. [PMID: 32601635 PMCID: PMC7502923 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2020.7.25168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate 2 renal tubular enzymes; urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL), and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (uNAG), and serum Cystatin C as candidate biomarkers for early diagnosis of early stage of diabetic nephropathy (DB) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia during the period between May 2017 and May 2018 and was conducted on 86 patients with T2DM. Patients were classified according to their albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) into 3 groups; a normal albuminuria group with ACR <30 mg/g creatinine, a moderately increased albuminuria group with ACR: 30-299 mg/g creatinine, and a severely increased albuminuria group with ACR ≥300 mg/g. Healthy adults were recruited as a control group. Urine uNGAL, uNAG, and serum Cystatin C were measured in all patients. Results: Compared with healthy control, diabetic patients with normal albuminuria excreted significantly higher levels of uNGAL (p<0.001). In addition, significantly elevated uNGAL, uNAG and cystatin C levels were observed in moderately increased albuminuria and severely increased albuminuria groups when compared to the control and normoalbuminuric groups (p<0.001). urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and Cystatin C showed a positive correlation with fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, duration of diabetes, urea, creatinine, and ACR. Conclusion: Our results indicated that uNGAL could be a sensitive biomarker for early renal dysfunction in diabetic patients while uNAG and serum Cystatin C might have prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrouq F Al-Hazmi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Mechanism of progression of diabetic kidney disease mediated by podocyte mitochondrial injury. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:8023-8035. [PMID: 32918716 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05749-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is an important diabetic microvascular complication, which has become the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) all over the world. It is of great significance to find effective therapeutic targets and improve the prognosis of the disease. Traditionally, it is believed that the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is the main reason for the progression of DKD, but with the progress of research, it is known that the production of proteinuria in patients with DKD is also related to podocyte injury and loss. Many studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction in podocytes plays an important role in the occurrence and development of DKD, and oxidative stress is also the main pathway and common hub of diabetes to the occurrence and development of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Thus, the occurrence and progression of DKD is correlated with not only the activation of the RAAS, but also the damage of mitochondria, oxidative stress, and inflammatory mediators. Besides, diabetes-related metabolic disorders can also cause abnormalities in mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy and cellular signal transduction, which are intertwined in a complex way. Therefore, in this review, we mainly explore the mechanism and the latest research progress of podocyte mitochondria in DKD and summarize the main signal pathways involved in them. Thus, it provides feasible clinical application and future research suggestions for the prevention and treatment of DKD, which has important practical significance for the later treatment of patients with DKD.
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Li X, Xu R, Liu X, Xu L, Xue M, Cheng Y, Li T, Yu X, Wang Y, Li C, Sun B, Chen L. Urinary miR-3137 and miR-4270 as potential biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23549. [PMID: 32869917 PMCID: PMC7755759 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the most prevalent diagnostic indicators of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (ACR) shows considerably limited predictive power in clinical application. We analyzed microarray expression profiling of urine to seek for differentially expressed miRNAs for potential biomarkers of DKD. Methods Urine samples from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with (30 mg/g < ACR < 300 mg/g, DKD group) or without DKD (ACR < 30 mg/g, DM group) were collected for miRNA microarray analysis. The differentially expressed miRNAs were screened by bioinformatics analysis and validated by quantitative real‐time PCR. Target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted in miRDB, Targetscan, and microRNA.org databases. We also conducted the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathways analysis to explore for potential mechanisms in DKD. Results Nine miRNAs were down‐regulated and seventeen miRNAs were up‐regulated in DKD group, compared to DM group. The levels of miR‐3137 and miR‐4270 in DKD group were 0.670 ± 0.505 and 2.116 ± 1.762 times than those in DM group, respectively, showing great significance. A total of 1076 target genes were simultaneously predicted by miRDB, Targetscan, and microRNA.org databases. According to the GO analysis results, disorders of endomembrane system may be one of the major pathological changes in DKD. In addition, Rap 1 signaling pathway is also altered obviously in DKD, discovered by the KEGG analysis. Conclusion MiR‐3137 and miR‐4270 show the potential for urinary biomarkers of DKD. The pathological changes of DKD may be related to disorders of endomembrane system and alternation of Rap1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linxin Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Xue
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaochen Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunjun Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Reckoning the Dearth of Bioinformatics in the Arena of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN)—Need to Improvise. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8070808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a recent rising concern amongst diabetics and diabetologist. Characterized by abnormal renal function and ending in total loss of kidney function, this is becoming a lurking danger for the ever increasing population of diabetics. This review touches upon the intensity of this complication and briefly reviews the role of bioinformatics in the area of diabetes. The advances made in the area of DN using proteomic approaches are presented. Compared to the enumerable inputs observed through the use of bioinformatics resources in the area of proteomics and even diabetes, the existing scenario of skeletal application of bioinformatics advances to DN is highlighted and the reasons behind this discussed. As this review highlights, almost none of the well-established tools that have brought breakthroughs in proteomic research have been applied into DN. Laborious, voluminous, cost expensive and time-consuming methodologies and advances in diagnostics and biomarker discovery promised through beckoning bioinformatics mechanistic approaches to improvise DN research and achieve breakthroughs. This review is expected to sensitize the researchers to fill in this gap, exploiting the available inputs from bioinformatics resources.
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Na Nakorn P, Pannengpetch S, Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya P, Thippakorn C, Lawung R, Sathirapongsasuti N, Kitiyakara C, Sritara P, Vathesatogkit P, Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya C. Roles of kininogen-1, basement membrane specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein, and roundabout homolog 4 as potential urinary protein biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:872-891. [PMID: 32665774 PMCID: PMC7355151 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-1396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy, a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is increasing worldwide and the large majority of patients have type 2 DM. Microalbuminuria has been used as a diagnostic marker of diabetic nephropathy. But owing to its insufficient sensitivity and specificity, other biomarkers are being sought. In addition, the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy is not fully understood and declines in renal function occur even without microalbuminuria. In this study, we investigated urinary proteins from three study groups (controls, and type 2 diabetic subjects with or without microalbuminuria). Non-targeted label-free Nano-LC QTOF analysis was conducted to discover underlying mechanisms and protein networks, and targeted label-free Nano-LC QTOF with SWATH was performed to qualify discovered protein candidates. Twenty-eight proteins were identified as candidates and functionally analyzed via String DB, gene ontology and pathway analysis. Four predictive mechanisms were analyzed: i) response to stimulus, ii) platelet activation, signaling and aggregation, iii) ECM-receptor interaction, and iv) angiogenesis. These mechanisms can provoke kidney dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients via endothelial cell damage and glomerulus structural alteration. Based on these analyses, three proteins (kininogen-1, basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein, and roundabout homolog 4) were proposed for further study as potential biomarkers. Our findings provide insights that may improve methods for both prevention and diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyada Na Nakorn
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supitcha Pannengpetch
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakornpathom, Thailand
| | | | - Chadinee Thippakorn
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakornpathom, Thailand
| | - Ratana Lawung
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuankanya Sathirapongsasuti
- Section for Translational Medicine, Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chagriya Kitiyakara
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyamitr Sritara
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prin Vathesatogkit
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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High-normal albuminuria is strongly associated with incident chronic kidney disease in a nondiabetic population with normal range of albuminuria and normal kidney function. Clin Exp Nephrol 2020; 24:435-443. [PMID: 32076888 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-019-01842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are clinically measured to evaluate the severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of our study was to clarify the association between clinical parameters, including albuminuria and eGFR, and the risk of incident CKD in a nondiabetic population with normal range of albuminuria and eGFR. METHODS A 10-year follow-up, retrospective cohort study involving 317 Japanese men (mean age, 42 years) with eGFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) < 30 mg/gCr was performed. Participants were free of diabetes mellitus. Multivariate logistic regression approaches were used to assess independent predictors of the incidence of CKD. RESULTS Twenty-nine (9%) participants developed CKD (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or UACR ≥ 30 mg/gCr) through 10 years of follow-up. At the baseline examination, age, blood pressure, UACR, and eGFR were higher in participants who developed CKD than in those without CKD. After adjustment for confounders, high-normal albuminuria (P < 0.001) and hypertension (P = 0.045) were associated with an increased incidence of CKD. From receiver-operating characteristic curves, UACR ≥ 7.0 mg/gCr was defined as high-normal albuminuria. Logistic regression analysis also showed that, in addition to presence of hypertension, UACR ≥ 7.0 mg/gCr was identified as an independent risk of incident CKD within 10 years after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking status, and dyslipidemia [UACR: odds ratio (OR) 17.36 (95% CI 6.16-48.93, P < 0.001)]. CONCLUSION High-normal albuminuria and hypertension are associated with incident CKD in a nondiabetic population with normal-range UACR and eGFR.
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Alawi LF, Emberesh SE, Owuor BA, Chodavarapu H, Fadnavis R, El‐Amouri SS, Elased KM. Effect of hyperglycemia and rosiglitazone on renal and urinary neprilysin in db/db diabetic mice. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14364. [PMID: 32026607 PMCID: PMC7002536 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration in renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The deleterious actions of angiotensin II (Ang II) could be antagonized by the formation of Ang-(1-7), generated by the actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and neprilysin (NEP). NEP degrades several peptides, including natriuretic peptides, bradykinin, amyloid beta, and Ang I. Although combination of Ang II receptor and NEP inhibitor treatment benefits patients with heart failure, the role of NEP in renal pathophysiology is a matter of active research. NEP pathway is a potent enzyme in Ang I to Ang-(1-7) conversion in the kidney of ACE2-deficient mice, suggesting a renoprotective role of NEP. The aim of the study is to test the hypothesis that chronic hyperglycemia downregulates renal NEP protein expression and activity in db/db diabetic mice and treatment with rosiglitazone normalizes hyperglycemia, renal NEP expression, and attenuates albuminuria. Mice received rosiglitazone (20 mg kg-1 day-1 ) for 10 weeks. Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme activity revealed a significant decrease in renal and urinary NEP expression and activity in 16-wk db/db mice compared with lean control (p < .0001). Rosiglitazone also attenuated albuminuria and increased renal and urinary NEP expressions (p < .0001). In conclusion, data support the hypothesis that diabetes decreases intrarenal NEP, which could have a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of DKD. Urinary NEP may be used as an index of intrarenal NEP status. The renoprotective effects of rosiglitazone could be mediated by upregulation of renal NEP expression and activity in db/db diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laale F. Alawi
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBoonshoft School of MedicineWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
| | - Sana E. Emberesh
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBoonshoft School of MedicineWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
| | - Brenda A. Owuor
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBoonshoft School of MedicineWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
| | - Harshita Chodavarapu
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBoonshoft School of MedicineWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
| | - Rucha Fadnavis
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBoonshoft School of MedicineWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
| | - Salim S. El‐Amouri
- Boonshoft School of MedicineDepartment of NeuroscienceCell Biology and PhysiologyWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
| | - Khalid M. Elased
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBoonshoft School of MedicineWright State UniversityDaytonOHUSA
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Pierre TH, Reynolds AS, Seise I, Pilz Z, McHale BJ, Gato WE. Evaluation of renal markers of T1D in Sprague-Dawley exposed to 2-aminoanthracene. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:203-212. [PMID: 31714650 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its associated risks of chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease development are on the rise. T1D is an autoimmune disease in which insulin-producing beta cells are destroyed. Increased incidence of T1D has been suggested to be a result of environmental factors such as exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) is a PAH that has been associated with the onset of early diabetic symptoms. This study was conducted to assess if 2AA dietary ingestion would induce T1D renal injuries. To accomplish study goals, Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into three 2AA dietary (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg-2AA) ingestion groups for 12 weeks. Animals were evaluated for various morphometric indices, clinical markers, and gene expression. The rats in the 100 mg/kg group lost 5% less weight than the other treatment groups and converted roughly 3% more of their food intake into body mass. Renal histopathology indicated no significant difference between groups. The kidney weight per bodyweight of the 100 mg/kg treatment group was 30.1% greater than the control group. Creatinine concentration of the 100 mg/kg group was 46.2% greater than the control group. Serum glucose levels were significantly elevated in rats exposed to 2AA. On the contrary, serum albumin concentration was significantly reduced in 2AA-treated rats. T1D and genetic markers of renal injury such as FABP1, SPP1, IL-1B, and IL-7 were elevated in treated groups. These results suggest that 2AA may induce the early diabetic renal injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya H Pierre
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Agnes Scott College, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Ashley S Reynolds
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, King University, Bristol, Tennessee
| | - Isaiah Seise
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia
| | - Zach Pilz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia
| | - Brittany J McHale
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Worlanyo E Gato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia
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Mohthash Musambil, Al-Rubeaan K, Sufayran A, Al-Qasim S, Al-Naqeb D. Association of the ACE (rs1800764) Polymorphism with Risk of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Saudi Arabian Population: A Pilot Study using the PCR-RFLP Method. CYTOL GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452719060069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yang DH, Lee SY. Diabetic kidney disease: seven questions. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2020. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2020.63.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ho Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - So-Young Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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Zhang D, Ye S, Pan T. The role of serum and urinary biomarkers in the diagnosis of early diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7079. [PMID: 31218128 PMCID: PMC6568248 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that a variety of biomarkers are closely related to the occurrence and development of early-stage diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of multiple sera and urinary biomarkers in the diagnosis of early-stage DN in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We enrolled 287 patients with type 2 diabetes, who were classified into normoalbuminuria (n = 144), microalbuminuria (n = 94), or macroalbuminuria (n = 49) groups based on their urine albumin to creatinine ratios (UACR), along with 42 healthy controls. We assessed 13 biomarkers, including transferrin (Tf), immunoglobulin G (IgG), podocalyxin, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, α-1-microglobulin, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-18 in urine samples, along with cystatin C, total bilirubin, and uric acid in sera samples, to evaluate their diagnostic roles. From the measurements, the blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was also calculated. Results Urinary Tf, IgG, NGAL, and TNF-α were significantly related to the UACR. We calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (area under the curve) and found that urinary IgG (0.894), NGAL (0.875), Tf (0.861), TNF-α (0.763), and the combination of urinary Tf + IgG + TNF-α + NGAL (0.922) showed good diagnostic value for early-stage DN. Conclusions Urinary Tf, IgG, NGAL, TNF-α, and the combination of all four biomarkers demonstrated excellent diagnostic value for early-stage DN in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tianrong Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Wan X, Zhang L, Gu H, Wang S, Liu X. The Association of Serum hsCRP and Urinary Alpha1-Microglobulin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6364390. [PMID: 31281843 PMCID: PMC6590668 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6364390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association of serum hsCRP and urinary A1MG in patients with T2DM. Numerous investigations have proven that serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increased. Also, increased urinary alpha-1 microglobulin (A1MG) can be an early sign of renal damage, primarily on the proximal tubules in T2DM. Little information is available with respect to the associations of serum hsCRP levels and urinary A1MG in T2DM. A total of 520 patients with T2DM were recruited to participate in this study. Serum hsCRP and UA1MG (urinary alpha1-microglobulin to creatinine ratio), UACR (urinary microalbumin to creatinine ratio), UIGG (urinary immunoglobulin G to creatinine ratio), and UTRF (urinary transferrin to creatinine ratio) were obtained. The association of serum hsCRP level and each urinary protein parameter was analyzed by using the regression analysis, respectively. LnhsCRP was positively associated with the lnUA1MG in all three linear regression models (adjusted β in model 3=0.122, SE=0.027, P<0.001). Furthermore, the high hsCRP group (hsCRP > 3mg/L) was associated with increasing risk of high UA1MG (adjusted OR in model 3=1.610, 95% CI 1.037-2.499, P=0.034) by logistic regression. This study suggests that serum hsCRP levels independently associate with UA1MG in patients with T2DM. Further research is warranted to elucidate these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Haitong Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shenglai Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiangyi Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
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Yang S, Fei X, Lu Y, Xu B, Ma Y, Wan H. miRNA-214 suppresses oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy via the ROS/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and uncoupling protein 2. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3530-3538. [PMID: 30988734 PMCID: PMC6447795 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the function of microRNA (miR)-214 on diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetes of proximal tubular cells was investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used measure the expression of miR-214 in rats with DN and ELISA was performed to measure oxidative stress and ROS levels. Results indicated that miR-214 expression in the peripheral blood was significantly decreased in rats with DN. The in vitro model of DN indicated that miR-214 upregulation significantly decreased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, but significantly increased uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), phosphorylated (p)-Akt and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein expression levels. The administration of genipin, a UCP2 inhibitor, significantly attenuated the effects of miR-214 upregulation on oxidative stress in the in vitro DN model by regulating ROS, Akt and mTOR protein expression levels. Notably, Akt inhibitor suppressed p-Akt protein expression and attenuated the effects of miR-214 upregulation on oxidative stress in the in vitro DN model. Collectively, these data suggest that miR-214 regulates diabetes through a ROS/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by UCP2 in proximal tubular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Fei
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Bangkui Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Fifth People's Hospital of Nantong University, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi Second People's Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
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Zha F, Bai L, Tang B, Li J, Wang Y, Zheng P, Ji T, Bai S. MicroRNA-503 contributes to podocyte injury via targeting E2F3 in diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12574-12581. [PMID: 30834596 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is serious diabetic complication with capillary injury. Podocyte injury exerts a crucial effect on DN pathogenesis. MicroRNA-503 (miR-503) has been reported in various diseases including DN. Here, we investigated the detailed mechanism of miR-503 in the podocyte injury of DN. The functional role of miR-503 was investigated in cultured podocytes and diabetic rats. Podocyte injury was evaluated by migration and apoptosis experiments in podocytes and we observed that high glucose elevated miR-503 in a time and dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3), as a crucial regulator in multiple diseases, was predicted as a potential target of miR-503 here. It was shown that E2F3 was greatly decreased in podocytes incubated with high glucose and miR-503 modulated its expression negatively. In addition, downregulation of E2F3 contributed to podocyte injury, which was reversed by miR-503 inhibitors in vitro. Furthermore, we proved that increase of miR-503 resulted in an unfavorable renal function in diabetic rats via targeting E2F3. These revealed for the first time that the overexpression of miR-503 promoted podocyte injury via targeting E2F3 in diabetic nephropathy and miR-503/E2F3 axis might represent a pathological mechanism of diabetic nephropathy progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zha
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Qingpu District, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lin Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Huai'an, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Qingpu District, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Qingpu District, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yakun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Qingpu District, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - PengXi Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Qingpu District, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Ji
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Qingpu District, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shoujun Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Qingpu District, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Ren D, Zuo C, Xu G. Clinical efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease stage IV: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14604. [PMID: 30882626 PMCID: PMC6426630 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook (TwH) combined with angiotensin receptor blockers/ACE inhibitors (ARB/ACEI) in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stage IV. METHODS We searched China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), the Chinese Biomedical Database, Embase and PubMed for articles about TwH combined with ARB/ACEI in treating DKD stage IV and set the study inclusion and elimination standards. RESULTS A total of 22 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1414 participants were collected for detailed evaluation. The meta-analysis results suggested that compared with the controls, the combined group showed significant effects in reducing 24-h urinary protein [mean difference (MD) = -0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (-1.03, -0.71)], raising serum albumin [MD = 4.14, 95% CI (3.43, 4.85)] and the total efficiency [odds ratio (OR) = 4.84, 95% CI (3.33, 7.03)], with no statistical difference in serum creatinine between both groups [MD = -3.02, 95% CI (-6.40, 0.37), P > .05]. However, the risk of adverse reactions increased by 8% [Risk Difference (RD) = 0.08, 95% CI (0.05, 0.11)] in the combination. CONCLUSIONS TwH combined with ARB/ACEI in the treatment of DKD stage IV is superior to the monotherapy of ARB/ACEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijin Ren
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Chao Zuo
- Grade 2016, the First Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, China
| | - Gaosi Xu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
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Effects of Chronic Administration of Capsaicin on Biomarkers of Kidney Injury in Male Wistar Rats with Experimental Diabetes. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010036. [PMID: 30583465 PMCID: PMC6337195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is an agonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channel, which has been related to the pathophysiology of kidney disease secondary to diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the chronic effect of capsaicin administration on biomarkers of kidney injury in an experimental rat model of diabetes. Male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: (1) healthy controls without diabetes (CON), (2) healthy controls plus capsaicin at 1 mg/kg/day (CON + CAPS), (3) experimental diabetes without capsaicin (DM), and (4) experimental diabetes plus capsaicin at 1 mg/kg/day (DM + CAPS). For each group, 24-h urine samples were collected to determine diuresis, albumin, cystatin C, β2 microglobulin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), alpha (1)-acid glycoprotein, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NAG-L). Blood samples were drawn to measure fasting glucose. After 8 weeks, the CON + CAPS and DM + CAPS groups showed increased diuresis compared to the CON and DM groups, but the difference was significant only in the DM + CAPS group. The two-way ANOVA only showed a statistically significant effect of CAPS on the urinary EGF levels, as well as a tendency to have a significant effect in the urinary NAG-L levels. The EGF levels decreased in both CAPS-treated groups, but the change was only significant in the CON + CAPS group vs. CON group; and the NAG-L levels were lower in both CAPS-treated groups. These results show that capsaicin had a diuretic effect in healthy and diabetic rats; additionally, it increased the urinary EGF levels and tended to decrease the urinary NAG-L levels.
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Puthanveetil P. FoxO1-miRNA interacting networks as potential targets for mitochondrial diseases. Drug Discov Today 2018; 24:342-349. [PMID: 30367995 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis is important for the health and well-being of organ systems and organisms. Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to be the cause and consequence of metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cancer, neurodegeneration, cerebrovascular, and cardiovascular disease. For cardiovascular tissue, which relies mostly on oxidative phosphorylation, the role of mitochondria is inevitable. Rather than being biomarkers of mitochondrial health, miRNAs are now known as bioregulators of this important feature. Recent studies have shown a close interaction between Forkhead box other 1 (FoxO1) transcription factors and miRNAs in the cardiovascular system. These interactions have also been shown to regulate mitochondrial homeostasis. In this review, I highlight how understanding FoxO1 and miRNA interacting networks could enable us to limit mitochondrial dysfunction and associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanth Puthanveetil
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA.
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50
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MicroRNAs from urinary extracellular vesicles are non-invasive early biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients with the 'Asian Indian phenotype'. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2018; 45:276-285. [PMID: 30165157 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS MicroRNAs (miRNAs) from extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as promising biomarkers for a number of diseases. In this study, their potential as urine-based biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy (DN) was assessed. METHODS MiRNAs were profiled in urinary EVs from 160 fasting subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and in T2DM patients with either microalbumininuria (MIC) or macroalbuminuria (MAC). RESULTS A total of 73 miRNAs detected in urinary EVs (NGT) were predicted to target important functions for kidney homoeostasis, thereby validating their use as indicators of kidney dysfunction. Indeed, a urinary EV miRNA signature was found to comprise increased levels of let-7i-3p, miR-24-3p and miR-27b-3p, and decreased levels of miR-15b-5p, to identify patients with MIC. ROC curve analysis confirmed this ability to identify MIC in normo-albuminuria T2DM (T2DM-NA) patients and to differentiate between MAC and T2DM patients. These miRNAs were also predicted to target protein networks involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signalling cascade, activin receptor signalling and cell differentiation/proliferation, and correlated with eGRF, HbA1c, serum creatinine, urea, albumin and blood pressure. Concentrations of miR-30a-5p were specifically modified in urinary EVs from patients with MAC, but not MIC, suggesting that miR-30a-5p could be related to severe kidney damage. CONCLUSION Urinary EV miRNAs correlate with the degree of MIC. As they are also thought to regulate pathways that are targets of pharmacological agents to prevent DN (reticulum stress, activin receptors), they may also serve as non-invasive 'liquid biopsies' to stratify patients at risk of developing MAC and to monitor treatment efficacy.
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