1
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Jia X, Zhu L, Zhu Q, Zhang J. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney injury and disease. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103576. [PMID: 38909720 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main sites of aerobic respiration in the cell and mainly provide energy for the organism, and play key roles in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, metabolic regulation, and cell differentiation and death. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a contributing factor to a variety of diseases. The kidney is rich in mitochondria to meet energy needs, and stable mitochondrial structure and function are essential for normal kidney function. Recently, many studies have shown a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and kidney disease, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis has become an important target for kidney therapy. In this review, we integrate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in different kidney diseases, and specifically elaborate the mechanism of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), autophagy and ferroptosis involved in the occurrence and development of kidney diseases, providing insights for improved treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Jia
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Lifu Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Qixing Zhu
- Institute of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China; The Center for Scientific Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.
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2
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Zhu J, Liu F, Mao J. Clinical findings, underlying pathogenetic processes and treatment of vascular dysfunction in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2282027. [PMID: 37970664 PMCID: PMC11001366 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2282027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is an inherited disorder characterized by the development of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. The primary cause of ADPKD is mutations in the PKD1 (polycystic kidney disease 1) or PKD2 (polycystic kidney disease 2) gene. Patients with ADPKD often develop a variety of vascular abnormalities, which have a major impact on the structure and function of the blood vessels and can lead to complications such as hypertension, intracranial aneurysm (ICAN), and atherosclerosis. The progression of ADPKD involves intricate molecular and cellular processes that lead to the development of these vascular abnormalities. Our understanding of these processes remains incomplete, and available treatment options are limited. The aim of this review is to delve into the underlying mechanisms of these vascular abnormalities and to explore potential interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Ponticelli C, Moroni G, Reggiani F. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Is There a Role for Autophagy? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14666. [PMID: 37834113 PMCID: PMC10572907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal-Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a monogenic disorder initiated by mutations in either PKD1 or PKD2 genes, responsible for encoding polycystin 1 and polycystin 2, respectively. These proteins are primarily located within the primary cilia. The disease follows an inexorable progression, leading most patients to severe renal failure around the age of 50, and extra-renal complications are frequent. A cure for ADPKD remains elusive, but some measures can be employed to manage symptoms and slow cyst growth. Tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist, is the only drug that has been proven to attenuate ADPKD progression. Recently, autophagy, a cellular recycling system that facilitates the breakdown and reuse of aged or damaged cellular components, has emerged as a potential contributor to the pathogenesis of ADPKD. However, the precise role of autophagy in ADPKD remains a subject of investigation, displaying a potentially twofold impact. On the one hand, impaired autophagy may promote cyst formation by inducing apoptosis, while on the other hand, excessive autophagy may lead to fibrosis through epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Promising results of autophagy inducers have been observed in preclinical studies. Clinical trials are warranted to thoroughly assess the long-term safety and efficacy of a combination of autophagy inducers with metabolic and/or aquaferetic drugs. This research aims to shed light on the complex involvement of autophagy in ADPKD, explore the regulation of autophagy in disease progression, and highlight the potential of combination therapies as a promising avenue for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Moroni
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesco Reggiani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy
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4
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Piko N, Bevc S, Hojs R, Ekart R. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Kidney Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1772. [PMID: 37760075 PMCID: PMC10525550 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease are among the most common non-communicable diseases in the developed world, with increasing prevalence. Patients with acute kidney injury are at an increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease. One of kidney injury's most common clinical sequelae is increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In recent years, new insights into the pathophysiology of renal damage have been made. Oxidative stress is the imbalance favoring the increased generation of ROS and/or reduced body's innate antioxidant defense mechanisms and is of pivotal importance, not only in the development and progression of kidney disease but also in understanding the enhanced cardiovascular risk in these patients. This article summarizes and emphasizes the role of oxidative stress in acute kidney injury, various forms of chronic kidney disease, and also in patients on renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and after kidney transplant). Additionally, the role of oxidative stress in the development of drug-related nephrotoxicity and also in the development after exposure to various environmental and occupational pollutants is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejc Piko
- Department of Dialysis, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Sebastjan Bevc
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (S.B.); (R.H.)
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Radovan Hojs
- Department of Nephrology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (S.B.); (R.H.)
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Robert Ekart
- Department of Dialysis, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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5
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Pellegrini H, Sharpe EH, Liu G, Nishiuchi E, Doerr N, Kipp KR, Chin T, Schimmel MF, Weimbs T. Cleavage fragments of the C-terminal tail of polycystin-1 are regulated by oxidative stress and induce mitochondrial dysfunction. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105158. [PMID: 37579949 PMCID: PMC10502374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding polycystin-1 (PC1) are the most common cause of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Cysts in ADPKD exhibit a Warburg-like metabolism characterized by dysfunctional mitochondria and aerobic glycolysis. PC1 is an integral membrane protein with a large extracellular domain, a short C-terminal cytoplasmic tail and shares structural and functional similarities with G protein-coupled receptors. Its exact function remains unclear. The C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of PC1 undergoes proteolytic cleavage, generating soluble fragments that are overexpressed in ADPKD kidneys. The regulation, localization, and function of these fragments is poorly understood. Here, we show that a ∼30 kDa cleavage fragment (PC1-p30), comprising the entire C-terminal tail, undergoes rapid proteasomal degradation by a mechanism involving the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein. PC1-p30 is stabilized by reactive oxygen species, and the subcellular localization is regulated by reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner. We found that a second, ∼15 kDa fragment (PC1-p15), is generated by caspase cleavage at a conserved site (Asp-4195) on the PC1 C-terminal tail. PC1-p15 is not subject to degradation and constitutively localizes to the mitochondrial matrix. Both cleavage fragments induce mitochondrial fragmentation, and PC1-p15 expression causes impaired fatty acid oxidation and increased lactate production, indicative of a Warburg-like phenotype. Endogenous PC1 tail fragments accumulate in renal cyst-lining cells in a mouse model of PKD. Collectively, these results identify novel mechanisms regarding the regulation and function of PC1 and suggest that C-terminal PC1 fragments may be involved in the mitochondrial and metabolic abnormalities observed in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Sharpe
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Guangyi Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Eiko Nishiuchi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Nicholas Doerr
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Kevin R Kipp
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Tiffany Chin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Margaret F Schimmel
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Thomas Weimbs
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.
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6
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Dennis MR, Pires PW, Banek CT. Vascular Dysfunction in Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Mini-Review. J Vasc Res 2023; 60:125-136. [PMID: 37536302 PMCID: PMC10947982 DOI: 10.1159/000531647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most common hereditary kidney diseases, which is characterized by progressive cyst growth and secondary hypertension. In addition to cystogenesis and renal abnormalities, patients with PKD can develop vascular abnormalities and cardiovascular complications. Progressive cyst growth substantially alters renal structure and culminates into end-stage renal disease. There remains no cure beyond renal transplantation, and treatment options remain largely limited to chronic renal replacement therapy. In addition to end-stage renal disease, patients with PKD also present with hypertension and cardiovascular disease, yet the timing and interactions between the cardiovascular and renal effects of PKD progression are understudied. Here, we review the vascular dysfunction found in clinical and preclinical models of PKD, including the clinical manifestations and relationship to hypertension, stroke, and related cardiovascular diseases. Finally, our discussion also highlights the critical questions and emerging areas in vascular research in PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R Dennis
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Paulo W Pires
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher T Banek
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Impellizzeri P, Nascimben F, Di Fabrizio D, Antonuccio P, Antonelli E, Peri FM, Calabrese U, Arena S, Romeo C. Pathogenesis of Congenital Malformations: Possible Role of Oxidative Stress. Am J Perinatol 2022; 39:816-823. [PMID: 33167041 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital anomalies are important causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the physiopathology of pregnancy-related congenital malformations. This review summarizes the role of OS in the pathogenesis of congenital malformations; in particular, its purpose is to describe how OS influences the development of heart congenital malformations, oesophageal atresia, biliary atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review of previous studies about the role of OS in pregnancy and its possible effects in developing of congenital malformations. One electronic database (PubMed) was searched and reference lists were checked. RESULTS An imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense can occur early in pregnancy and continue in the postnatal life, producing OS. It may destroy the signaling pathways needed for a correct embryogenesis leading to birth defects. In fact, cell functions, especially during embryogenesis, needs specific signaling pathways to regulate the development. These pathways are sensitive to both endogenous and exogenous factors; therefore, they can produce structural alterations of the developing fetus. CONCLUSION Because OS plays a significant role in pathogenesis of congenital malformations, studies should be developed in order to better define their OS mechanisms and the beneficial effects of supplemental therapeutic strategies. KEY POINTS · Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of congenital malformations.. · Heart malformations, oesophageal atresia, biliary atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney are analyzed.. · A knowledge of pathomechanism of OS-related congenital malformations could be useful to prevent them..
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Impellizzeri
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Nascimben
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Donatella Di Fabrizio
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Pietro Antonuccio
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Enrica Antonelli
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Flora Maria Peri
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ugo Calabrese
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Arena
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Romeo
- Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Hsieh PF, Liu SY, Chen CH, Chen PL, Tang SC, Jeng JS. Genetic analysis of a family presenting with coexisting cerebral cavernous malformations and polycystic kidney disease. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:2331-2337. [PMID: 35370030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are characterized by clustered dilated capillary-like vessels in the brain. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is characterized by renal cysts and extra-renal abnormalities. We report a Taiwanese family in which the index case exhibited coexisting phenotypes of both CCMs and PKD. The index case was a 55-year-old woman with known PKD who developed an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the right medulla. Neuroimaging revealed numerous microbleeds in the bilateral cerebrum and cerebellum. Radiological CCMs were suspected given the absence of other imaging markers of small vessel disease. A comprehensive panel of 183 cerebral vascular malformation genes were investigated through genome sequencing. A novel CCM2 frameshift variant (c.607_608delCT, p.Leu203Valfs∗53) causing a pathogenic premature stop codon, and a known PKD2 nonsense variant (c.2407C > T, p.Arg803∗), were found. Segregation analysis revealed that four siblings were affected by either isolated aforementioned PKD2 or CCM2 variant. Notably, radiological CCMs were exclusively found in siblings who had this CCM2 variant, and bilateral internal carotid artery aneurysms were restricted to one sibling who had the PKD2 variant but not the CCM2 variant. Our study expands the genetic spectrum of CCM2 and demonstrates unambiguous cosegregation of CCM2 and PKD2 variants with their respective phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Feng Hsieh
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yao Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Lung Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chun Tang
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Shing Jeng
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Peces R, Peces C, Mena R, Cuesta E, García-Santiago FA, Ossorio M, Afonso S, Lapunzina P, Nevado J. Rapidly Progressing to ESRD in an Individual with Coexisting ADPKD and Masked Klinefelter and Gitelman Syndromes. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030394. [PMID: 35327948 PMCID: PMC8954516 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common monogenetic hereditary renal disease, promoting end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a consequence of an extra copy of the X chromosome in males. Main symptoms in KS include hypogonadism, tall stature, azoospermia, and a risk of cardiovascular diseases, among others. Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by SLC12A3 variants, and is associated with hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria, normal or low blood pressure, and salt loss. The three disorders have distinct and well-delineated clinical, biochemical, and genetic findings. We here report a male patient with ADPKD who developed early chronic renal failure leading to ESRD, presenting with an intracranial aneurysm and infertility. NGS identified two de novo PKD1 variants, one known (likely pathogenic), and a previously unreported variant of uncertain significance, together with two SLC12A3 pathogenic variants. In addition, cytogenetic analysis showed a 47, XXY karyotype. We investigated the putative impact of this rare association by analyzing possible clinical, biochemical, and/or genetic interactions and by comparing the evolution of renal size and function in the proband with three age-matched ADPKD (by variants in PKD1) cohorts. We hypothesize that the coexistence of these three genetic disorders may act as modifiers with possible synergistic actions that could lead, in our patient, to a rapid ADPKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Peces
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.); (M.O.); (S.A.)
| | - Carlos Peces
- Area de Tecnología de la Información, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
| | - Rocío Mena
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (F.A.G.-S.); (P.L.)
| | - Emilio Cuesta
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Fe Amalia García-Santiago
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (F.A.G.-S.); (P.L.)
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ossorio
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.); (M.O.); (S.A.)
| | - Sara Afonso
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.); (M.O.); (S.A.)
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (F.A.G.-S.); (P.L.)
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (R.M.); (F.A.G.-S.); (P.L.)
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-917-277-151; Fax: +34-917-277-382
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10
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The effects of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockers on serum ischemia-modified albumin levels in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Ir J Med Sci 2022; 191:2777-2783. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-02925-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Qiu Z, He J, Shao G, Hu J, Li X, Zhou H, Li M, Yang B. Obacunone Retards Renal Cyst Development in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease by Activating NRF2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010038. [PMID: 35052542 PMCID: PMC8773305 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common inherited disease characterized by progressive enlargement of fluid-filled cysts derived from renal tubular epithelial cells, which has become the fourth leading cause of end-stage renal diseases. Currently, treatment options for ADPKD remain limited. The purpose of this study was to discover an effective therapeutic drug for ADPKD. With virtual screening, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cyst model, embryonic kidney cyst model and kidney-specific Pkd1 knockout mouse (PKD) model, we identified obacunone as a candidate compound for ADPKD drug discovery from a natural antioxidant compound library. In vitro experiments showed that obacunone significantly inhibited cyst formation and expansion of MDCK cysts and embryonic kidney cysts in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, obacunone treatment significantly reduced the renal cyst development in PKD mice. Western blot and morphological analysis revealed that obacunone served as a NRF2 activator in ADPKD, which suppressed lipid peroxidation by up-regulating GPX4 and finally restrained excessive cell proliferation by down-regulating mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways. Experimental data demonstrated obacunone as an effective renal cyst inhibitor for ADPKD, indicating that obacunone might be developed into a therapeutic drug for ADPKD treatment.
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12
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Vasileva VY, Sultanova RF, Sudarikova AV, Ilatovskaya DV. Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Polycystic Kidney Diseases. Front Physiol 2021; 12:693130. [PMID: 34566674 PMCID: PMC8456103 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.693130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant (AD) and autosomal recessive (AR) polycystic kidney diseases (PKD) are severe multisystem genetic disorders characterized with formation and uncontrolled growth of fluid-filled cysts in the kidney, the spread of which eventually leads to the loss of renal function. Currently, there are no treatments for ARPKD, and tolvaptan is the only FDA-approved drug that alleviates the symptoms of ADPKD. However, tolvaptan has only a modest effect on disease progression, and its long-term use is associated with many side effects. Therefore, there is still a pressing need to better understand the fundamental mechanisms behind PKD development. This review highlights current knowledge about the fundamental aspects of PKD development (with a focus on ADPKD) including the PC1/PC2 pathways and cilia-associated mechanisms, major molecular cascades related to metabolism, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and systemic responses (hormonal status, levels of growth factors, immune system, and microbiome) that affect its progression. In addition, we discuss new information regarding non-pharmacological therapies, such as dietary restrictions, which can potentially alleviate PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina F Sultanova
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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13
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Empowering Melatonin Therapeutics with Drosophila Models. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9040067. [PMID: 34698120 PMCID: PMC8544433 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin functions as a central regulator of cell and organismal function as well as a neurohormone involved in several processes, e.g., the regulation of the circadian rhythm, sleep, aging, oxidative response, and more. As such, it holds immense pharmacological potential. Receptor-mediated melatonin function mainly occurs through MT1 and MT2, conserved amongst mammals. Other melatonin-binding proteins exist. Non-receptor-mediated activities involve regulating the mitochondrial function and antioxidant cascade, which are frequently affected by normal aging as well as disease. Several pathologies display diseased or dysfunctional mitochondria, suggesting melatonin may be used therapeutically. Drosophila models have extensively been employed to study disease pathogenesis and discover new drugs. Here, we review the multiple functions of melatonin through the lens of functional conservation and model organism research to empower potential melatonin therapeutics to treat neurodegenerative and renal diseases.
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14
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Predictors of progression in autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2021; 36:2639-2658. [PMID: 33474686 PMCID: PMC8292447 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04869-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) are characterized by bilateral cystic kidney disease leading to progressive kidney function decline. These diseases also have distinct liver manifestations. The range of clinical presentation and severity of both ADPKD and ARPKD is much wider than was once recognized. Pediatric and adult nephrologists are likely to care for individuals with both diseases in their lifetimes. This article will review genetic, clinical, and imaging predictors of kidney and liver disease progression in ADPKD and ARPKD and will briefly summarize pharmacologic therapies to prevent progression.
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15
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Choi S, Kim DY, Ahn Y, Lee EJ, Park JH. Suppression of Foxo3-Gatm by miR-132-3p Accelerates Cyst Formation by Up-Regulating ROS in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:311-320. [PMID: 33408288 PMCID: PMC8094068 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is associated with the development of various diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress that lead to such diseases like autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) remain unclear. Here, we observed that oxidative stress markers were increased in Pkd1f/f:HoxB7-Cre mice. Forkhead transcription factors of the O class (FOXOs) are known key regulators of the oxidative stress response, which have been observed with the expression of FoxO3a in an ADPKD mouse model in the present study. An integrated analysis of two datasets for differentially expressed miRNA, such as miRNA sequencing analysis of Pkd1 conditional knockout mice and microarray analysis of samples from ADPKD patients, showed that miR-132-3p was a key regulator of FOXO3a in ADPKD. miR-132-3p was significantly upregulated in ADPKD which directly targeted FOXO3 in both mouse and human cell lines. Interestingly, the mitochondrial gene Gatm was downregulated in ADPKD which led to a decreased inhibition of Foxo3. Overexpression of miR-132-3p coupled with knockdown of Foxo3 and Gatm increased ROS and accelerated cyst formation in 3D culture. This study reveals a novel mechanism involving miR-132-3p, Foxo3, and Gatm that is associated with the oxidative stress that occurs during cystogenesis in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonju Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Ahn
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Institute of Women's Health, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
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16
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Bellos I, Kontzoglou K, Perrea DN. Markers of endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in patients with early-stage autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13721. [PMID: 32946652 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterised by increased rates of cardiovascular complications leading to significant morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether the disease is linked to endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness during its early stages. METHODS Medline, Scopus, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Clinicaltrials.gov and Google Scholar databases comparing ADPKD patients with preserved renal function to healthy controls were included. The outcomes of interest were brachial flow-mediated dilatation, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, carotid intima-media thickness and central systolic blood pressure, plasma ADMA or homocysteine levels. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) were estimated by a random-effects model in R-3.6.3. RESULTS A total of 27 studies were included, comprising 1967 individuals. ADPKD was linked to significantly lower flow-mediated dilatation (SMD: -1.44, 95% CI: [-2.35, -0.53]) and higher pulse wave velocity (SMD: 1.44, 95% CI: [0.22, 2.66]) and carotid intima-media thickness (SMD: 1.02, 95% CI: [0.57, 1.47]). No significant associations were noted regarding augmentation index (SMD: 0.62, 95% CI: [-0.19, 1.43]) and central systolic blood pressure (SMD: 1.84, 95% CI: [-0.12, 3.80]). Plasma homocysteine was significantly higher in ADPKD (SMD: 0.81, 95% CI: [0.16, 1.45]), while no difference was calculated for ADMA levels (SMD: 1.14, 95% CI: [-0.25, 2.53]). CONCLUSIONS Early-stage ADPKD patients present increased vascular stiffness and endothelial dysfunction, as reflected by low flow-mediated dilatation and elevated values of pulse wave velocity, carotid intima-media thickness and plasma homocysteine. The exact effects of early arterial stiffness on long-term outcomes remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Bellos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kontzoglou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina N Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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17
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Andries A, Rozenski J, Vermeersch P, Mekahli D, Van Schepdael A. Recent progress in the LC-MS/MS analysis of oxidative stress biomarkers. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:402-428. [PMID: 33280143 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a dynamic and balanced equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species and the in-house antioxidant defense mechanisms is characteristic for a healthy body. During oxidative stress (OS), this balance is switched to increased production of ROS and RNS, exceeding the capacity of physiological antioxidant systems. This can cause damage to biological molecules, leading to loss of function and even cell death. Nowadays, there is increasing scientific and clinical interest in OS and the associated parameters to measure the degree of OS in biofluids. An increasing number of reports using LC-MS/MS methods for the analysis of OS biomarkers can be found. Since bioanalysis is usually complicated by matrix effects, various types of cleanup procedures are used to effectively separate the biomarkers from the matrix. This is an essential part of the analysis to prepare a reproducible and homogenous solution suitable for injection onto the column. The present review gives a summary of the chromatographic methods used for the determination of OS biomarkers in both urine and plasma, serum, and whole blood samples. The first part mainly describes the biological background of the different OS biomarkers, while the second part reports examples of chromatographic methods for the analysis of different metabolites connected with OS in biofluids, covering a period from 2015 till early 2020. The selected examples mainly include LC-MS/MS methods for isoprostanes, oxidized proteins, oxidized lipoproteins, and DNA/RNA biomarkers. The last part explains the clinical relevance of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmin Andries
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jef Rozenski
- KU Leuven - Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeersch
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Metabolic Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Pediatrics, PKD group, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Li Z, Zhou J, Li Y, Yang F, Lian X, Liu W. Overexpression of DJ-1 alleviates autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial metabolism in vitro and in vivo. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1175. [PMID: 33241024 PMCID: PMC7576093 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background DJ-1 is critical for the mitochondrial function associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). We aimed to investigate DJ-1’s function in the pathogenesis of ADPKD. Methods DJ-1 was knocked-down in IMCD3 cells to evaluate the effects of DJ-1 on cell phenotype and mitochondrial function in vitro. Furthermore, we generated three groups of mice with different expression levels of DJ-1 within an established ADPKD model: ADPKD, ADPKDpcDNA, and ADPKDpcDNA-DJ-1. Results DJ-1 knock-down significantly increased oxidative stress as well as the proliferation and apoptosis rate of IMCD3 cells, along with Bcl-2 down-regulation and the up-regulation of Ki67, PCNA, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9. DJ-1 knock-down suppressed the cellular respiration, Ca2+ absorption, and mitochondrial complex I activity in mitochondria. In vivo, we verified that DJ-1 was down-regulated in ADPKD models, and its overexpression attenuated the renal dysfunction in ADPKD models. The transgenic mice had a significantly smaller renal cyst and less interstitial fibrosis than control, accompanied byα-SMA, fibronectin, and TGF-β1 up-regulation. Moreover, in vivo results confirmed DJ-1 overexpression inhibited the proliferation and apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells along with down-regulation of Ki67, PCNA, p53, intracellular Cyt c, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9 and the up-regulation of Bcl-2. Conclusions DJ-1 was down-regulated in ADPKD models, and its overexpression may attenuate the renal dysfunction and pathological damage by regulating the proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial metabolism, which may be mediated by the p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Lian
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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19
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Cyst Reduction by Melatonin in a Novel Drosophila Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225477. [PMID: 33238462 PMCID: PMC7700119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) causes progressive cystic degeneration of the renal tubules, the nephrons, eventually severely compromising kidney function. ADPKD is incurable, with half of the patients eventually needing renal replacement. Treatments for ADPKD patients are limited and new effective therapeutics are needed. Melatonin, a central metabolic regulator conserved across all life kingdoms, exhibits oncostatic and oncoprotective activity and no detected toxicity. Here, we used the Bicaudal C (BicC) Drosophila model of polycystic kidney disease to test the cyst-reducing potential of melatonin. Significant cyst reduction was found in the renal (Malpighian) tubules upon melatonin administration and suggest mechanistic sophistication. Similar to vertebrate PKD, the BicC fly PKD model responds to the antiproliferative drugs rapamycin and mimics of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac). Melatonin appears to be a new cyst-reducing molecule with attractive properties as a potential candidate for PKD treatment.
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20
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Jouret F, Devuyst O. Targeting chloride transport in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109703. [PMID: 32619563 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent inherited kidney disease. Transepithelial fluid secretion is one of the key factors of cystogenesis in ADPKD. Multiple studies have suggested that fluid secretion across ADPKD cyst-lining cells is driven by the secretion of chloride, essentially mediated by the CFTR channel and stimulated by increased intracellular levels of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of fluid secretion in ADPKD based on the pioneering studies of Jared Grantham and colleagues, and on the follow-up investigations from the molecular level to the potential applications in ADPKD patients. Altogether, the studies of fluid and chloride transport in ADPKD paved the way for innovative therapeutic targets to prevent cyst volume expansion and thus, kidney disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Jouret
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, ULiège Academic Hospital, Liège, Belgium,; Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Géno-protéomique Appliquée, Cardiovascular Sciences, ULiège Medical School, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Division of Nephrology, UCLouvain Medical School, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium,; Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Disorders, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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21
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Peces R, Mena R, Peces C, Cuesta E, Selgas R, Barruz P, Lapunzina P, Nevado J. Coexistence of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease type 1 and hereditary renal hypouricemia type 2: A model of early-onset and fast cyst progression. Clin Genet 2020; 97:857-868. [PMID: 32166738 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a heterogeneous inherited disease characterized by renal and extrarenal manifestations with progressive fluid-filled cyst development leading to end-stage renal disease. The rate of disease progression in ADPKD exhibits high inter- and intrafamilial variability suggesting involvement of modifier genes and/or environmental factors. Renal hypouricemia (RHUC) is an inherited disorder characterized by impaired tubular uric acid transport with severe complications, such as acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the two disorders have distinct and well-delineated genetic, biochemical, and clinical findings. Only a few cases of coexistence of ADPKD and RHUC (type 1) in a single individual have been reported. We report a family with two members: an ADPKD 24-year-old female which presented bilateral renal cysts in utero and hypouricemia since age 5, and her mother with isolated hypouricemia. Next-generation sequencing identified two mutations in two genes PKD1 and SLC2A9 in this patient and one isolated SLC2A9 mutation in her mother, showing RHUC type 2, associated to CKD. The coexistence of these two disorders provides evidence of SLC2A9 variant could act as a modifier change, with synergistic actions, that could promote cystogenesis and rapid ADPKD progression. This is the first case of coexistence of PKD1 and SLC2A9 mutations treated with tolvaptan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Peces
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Mena
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Peces
- Area de Tecnología de la Información, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Emilio Cuesta
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Selgas
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Barruz
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Schmidlin CJ, Dodson MB, Zhang DD. Filtering through the role of NRF2 in kidney disease. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:361-369. [PMID: 31372933 PMCID: PMC6994339 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01177-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease affects ~ 10% of the population worldwide, resulting in millions of deaths each year. Mechanistically, oxidative stress is a major driver of various kidney diseases, and promotes the progression from acute to chronic injury, as well as renal cancer development. NRF2, the master regulator of redox balance, has been shown to protect against kidney disease through its negation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, many kidney diseases exhibit high levels of ROS as a result of decreased NRF2 protein levels and transcriptional activity. Many studies have tested the strategy of using NRF2 inducing compounds to alleviate ROS to prevent or slow down the progression of kidney diseases. Oppositely, in specific subsets of renal cancer, NRF2 is constitutively activated and contributes to tumor burden and overall poor prognosis; therefore, there has been a recent interest in studies investigating the benefits of NRF2 inhibition. In this review, we summarize recent literature investigating the role of NRF2 and oxidative stress in various kidney diseases, and how pharmacological modification of NRF2 signaling could play a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Schmidlin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Matthew B Dodson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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23
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Buchholz B, Eckardt KU. Role of oxygen and the HIF-pathway in polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2020; 69:109524. [PMID: 31904413 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Kidney cyst growth in ADPKD is associated with regional hypoxia, presumably due to a mismatch between enlarged cysts and the peritubular capillary blood supply and compression of peritubular capillaries in cyst walls. Regional hypoxia leads to activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, with the two main HIF isoforms, HIF-1 and HIF-2 expressed in cyst epithelia and pericystic interstitial cells, respectively. While HIF-2 activation is linked to EPO production, mitigating the anemia that normally accompanies chronic kidney disease, HIF-1 promotes cyst growth. HIF-dependent cyst growth is primarily due to an increase in chloride-dependent fluid secretion into the cyst lumen. However, given the broad spectrum of HIF-target genes, additional HIF-mediated pathways may also contribute to cyst progression. Furthermore, hypoxia can influence cyst growth through the generation of reactive oxygen species. Since cyst expansion aggravates regional hypoxia, a feedforward loop is established that accelerates cyst expansion and disease progression. Inhibiting the HIF pathway and/or HIF target genes that are of particular relevance for HIF-dependent cyst fluid secretion may therefore represent novel therapeutic approaches to retard the progression of APDKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern Buchholz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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24
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Kanbay M, Yerlikaya A, Sag AA, Ortiz A, Kuwabara M, Covic A, Wiecek A, Stenvinkel P, Afsar B. A journey from microenvironment to macroenvironment: the role of metaflammation and epigenetic changes in cardiorenal disease. Clin Kidney J 2019; 12:861-870. [PMID: 31807301 PMCID: PMC6885688 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic non-communicable diseases have become a pandemic public problem in the 21st century, causing enormous burden on the economy, health and quality of life of societies. The role of a chronic inflammatory state in the pathogenesis of chronic disease has been more comprehensively recognized by recent findings. The new paradigm ‘metaflammation’ focuses on metabolism-induced (high fat or fructose-based diet or excessive calorie intake) chronic inflammation. There is a close correlation between the increased incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic heart failure with both increased inflammatory marker levels and western-type diet. In this review we describe the concept of metaflammation, its role in the development of CKD and chronic heart disease, the molecular and signalling pathways involved and the therapeutic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslihan Yerlikaya
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alan A Sag
- Department of Radiology, Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Dialysis Unit, School of Medicine, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Adrian Covic
- Nephrology Department, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, "Dr. C.I. Parhon" University Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrzej Wiecek
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Baris Afsar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
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25
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Daenen K, Andries A, Mekahli D, Van Schepdael A, Jouret F, Bammens B. Oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:975-991. [PMID: 30105414 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-4005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), defined as disturbances in the pro-/antioxidant balance, is harmful to cells due to the excessive generation of highly reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species. When the balance is not disturbed, OS has a role in physiological adaptations and signal transduction. However, an excessive amount of ROS and RNS results in the oxidation of biological molecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNA. Oxidative stress has been reported in kidney disease, due to both antioxidant depletions as well as increased ROS production. The kidney is a highly metabolic organ, rich in oxidation reactions in mitochondria, which makes it vulnerable to damage caused by OS, and several studies have shown that OS can accelerate kidney disease progression. Also, in patients at advanced stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), increased OS is associated with complications such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, inflammation, and anemia. In this review, we aim to describe OS and its influence on CKD progression and its complications. We also discuss the potential role of various antioxidants and pharmacological agents, which may represent potential therapeutic targets to reduce OS in both pediatric and adult CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristien Daenen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Nephrology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Nephrology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Asmin Andries
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Djalila Mekahli
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Pediatrics, PKD Group, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - François Jouret
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Liège Hospital (ULg CHU), Liège, Belgium
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA), Cardiovascular Science, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bert Bammens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Nephrology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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