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Rodrigues APDS, Batista SRR, Santos ASEA, Canheta ABDS, Nunes BP, de Oliveira Rezende AT, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. Multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity in Brazilians with severe obesity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16629. [PMID: 37789121 PMCID: PMC10547747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity and their association with sociodemographic and health variables in individuals with severe obesity. This is a baseline data analysis of 150 individuals with severe obesity (body mass index ≥ 35.0 kg/m2) aged 18-65 years. The outcomes were multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric and self-perceived health data were collected. Poisson multiple regression was conducted to identify multimorbidity risk factors. The frequency of two or more morbidities was 90.7%, three or more morbidities was 76.7%, and complex multimorbidity was 72.0%. Living with four or more household residents was associated with ≥ 3 morbidities and complex multimorbidity. Fair and very poor self-perceived health was associated with ≥ 2 morbidities, ≥ 3 morbidities and complex multimorbidity. A higher BMI range (45.0-65.0 kg/m2) was associated with ≥ 2 morbidities and ≥ 3 morbidities. Anxiety (82.7%), varicose veins of lower limbs (58.7%), hypertension (56.0%) were the most frequent morbidities, as well as the pairs and triads including them. The prevalence of multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity in individuals with severe obesity was higher and the risk for multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity increased in individuals living in households of four or more residents, with fair or poor/very poor self-perceived health and with a higher BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Batista
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Primary Healthcare Office, Federal District State Health Department, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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Çelebisoy N, Kısabay Ak A, Özdemir HN, Gökçay F, Eser E. Quality of Life in Patients with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Neuroophthalmology 2022; 46:283-289. [PMID: 36337229 PMCID: PMC9635535 DOI: 10.1080/01658107.2022.2038639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic became a challenge to maintain care for patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). We aimed to find out how they were affected during lockdown. Thirty IIH patients admitted to hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic were studied. Their demographic and neuro-ophthalmological findings were evaluated. The World Health Organization - Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), the EUROHIS Quality of Life (QOL) 8-item index, National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25), Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), and COVID-19 Fear Scale were used to assess QOL and pandemic-associated fear. Thirty age, sex, and body mass index matched volunteers constituted the control group. Apart from the COVID-19 Fear Scale and colour vision subscale of the NEI-VFQ-25, all scale scores were worse in IIH patients than in healthy control subjects. Patients with severe visual field defects had higher HIT-6 scores (p = .036). Both vision-specific and overall QOL was reduced in patients with IIH. Headache severity and disability were more prominent in patients with severe visual loss. Fear caused by the COVID pandemic was not different in IIH patients than in healthy control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Figen Gökçay
- Department of Neurology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Erhan Eser
- Department of Public Health, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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Relationship between psychological stress and metabolism in morbidly obese individuals. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019; 132:139-149. [PMID: 31820100 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-019-01583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite evidence for a bidirectional relationship between obesity and stress-related mental disorders, the general relationship between psychological stress and metabolism is still controversial. Only few studies have addressed this relationship in morbidly obese individuals. METHODS The present study investigated the relationship between psychological distress, health-related quality of life (HRQL), eating behavior, negative emotions and body mass index (BMI), body composition and biomedical parameters of metabolism in an adult sample of 123 (94 females) morbidly obese individuals. RESULTS No significant relationship was found between psychological distress and BMI, body composition or any of the parameters of metabolism; however, there was a strong and robust association between HRQL in the physical domain and BMI, body composition and several biomedical parameters of sugar and fat metabolism. The results also showed an interesting dissociation in the relationship between BMI and HRQL in the physical and psychology domains. Only little evidence was found for a relationship between eating behavior (e.g. restraint) or negative emotions (e.g. anger) and BMI, body composition and parameters of metabolism. There was, however, a significant gender difference in restraint eating. Other commonly reported gender differences in BMI, body composition, fat metabolism and liver values were also observed in this sample of morbidly obese individuals. CONCLUSION Results from the present study highlight the relationship between HRQL in the physical domain and metabolism. Implications of these findings for weight loss treatment are discussed, emphasizing HRQL as an important treatment goal and the need for long-term psychological monitoring.
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Burkert NT, Freidl W. Pronounced social inequality in health-related factors and quality of life in women and men from Austria who are overweight or obese. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6773. [PMID: 31119069 PMCID: PMC6510219 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of social inequalities in health as well as the association between obesity with morbidity and mortality is a worldwide problem. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate health-related factors, health, and quality of life in Austrian women and men with normal weight, overweight, and obesity with a different socioeconomic status (SES) based on actual data from 2015. METHODS This representative population-based study was based on self-reported data of 15,338 Austrian adults (8,425 women and 6,933 men) in 2014/2015. Data of the Austrian Health Interview Survey was analyzed stratified by sex and adjusted for age concerning health-related behavior, health, and quality of life. RESULTS The results have shown that people with a low SES differ significantly from those of high SES concerning health-related factors (e.g., eating behavior, physical activity), health and impairment due to chronic conditions, as well as quality of life. Obesity in women and men was associated with poorer health-related factors and more chronic conditions as well as unfavorable psychological aspects. In women, the results showed a significant body mass index*SES interaction for impairment due to disorders, the number of chronic conditions and quality of life in the domain of physical health. In men, the interaction was significant regarding alcohol consumption, as well as health impairment. The SES has a strong negative impact on health which implies that people of low SES have more health problems which especially concerns individuals who are obese. Therefore, a continuous target group-oriented, non-discriminatory, interdisciplinary public health program is required, prioritizing women, and men with obesity with a low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wolfgang Freidl
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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Petek D, Petek-Ster M, Tusek-Bunc K. Health behavior and health-related quality of life in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Zdr Varst 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/sjph-2018-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) is measuring a patient’s experience of his health status and represents an outcome of medical interventions. Existing data proves that a healthy lifestyle is positively associated with HRQoL in all age groups. Patients with a high risk for cardiovascular disease typically led an unhealthy lifestyle combined with risk diseases. We aimed to analyse these characteristics and their reflection in HRQoL.MethodsA cross-sectional study in 36 family practices, stratified by location and size. Each practice invited 30 high-risk patients from the register. Data were obtained from medical records and patient questionnaire. The EQ-5D questionnaire and the VAS scale were used for measuring the patient’s HRQoL as an independent variable.Results871 patients (80.6% response rate) were included in the analysis. 60.0% had 3-4 uncontrolled risk factors for CVD. The average VAS scale was 63.2 (SD 19.4). The correlation of EQ-5D was found in the number of visits in the practice (r=-0.31, p<0.001), the socioeconomic status (r=-0.25, p=0.001), age (r=-0.27, p=0.001) and healthy diet (r=0.20, p=0.006). In a multivariate model, only physical activity among lifestyle characteristics was an independent predictor of HRQoL (p=0.001, t=3.3), along with the frequency of visits (p<0.001, t=-5.3) and age (p=0.025, t=-2.2).ConclusionThis study has been performed on a specific group of patients, not being “really sick”, but having less optimal lifestyle in many cases. Encouragement to improve or keep healthy lifestyle, especially physical activity, is important, not only to lower the risk for CVD, but also to improve HRQoL.
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Health Behavior and Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with a High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Zdr Varst 2018; 57:39-46. [PMID: 29651314 PMCID: PMC5894368 DOI: 10.2478/sjph-2018-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is measuring a patient’s experience of his health status and represents an outcome of medical interventions. Existing data proves that a healthy lifestyle is positively associated with HRQoL in all age groups. Patients with a high risk for cardiovascular disease typically led an unhealthy lifestyle combined with risk diseases. We aimed to analyse these characteristics and their reflection in HRQoL. Methods A cross-sectional study in 36 family practices, stratified by location and size. Each practice invited 30 high-risk patients from the register. Data were obtained from medical records and patient questionnaire. The EQ-5D questionnaire and the VAS scale were used for measuring the patient’s HRQoL as an independent variable. Results 871 patients (80.6% response rate) were included in the analysis. 60.0% had 3-4 uncontrolled risk factors for CVD. The average VAS scale was 63.2 (SD 19.4). The correlation of EQ-5D was found in the number of visits in the practice (r=-0.31, p<0.001), the socioeconomic status (r=-0.25, p=0.001), age (r=-0.27, p=0.001) and healthy diet (r=0.20, p=0.006). In a multivariate model, only physical activity among lifestyle characteristics was an independent predictor of HRQoL (p=0.001, t=3.3), along with the frequency of visits (p<0.001, t=-5.3) and age (p=0.025, t=-2.2). Conclusion This study has been performed on a specific group of patients, not being “really sick”, but having less optimal lifestyle in many cases. Encouragement to improve or keep healthy lifestyle, especially physical activity, is important, not only to lower the risk for CVD, but also to improve HRQoL.
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Digre KB, Bruce BB, McDermott MP, Galetta KM, Balcer LJ, Wall M. Quality of life in idiopathic intracranial hypertension at diagnosis: IIH Treatment Trial results. Neurology 2015; 84:2449-56. [PMID: 25995055 PMCID: PMC4478032 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study purpose was to examine vision-specific and overall health-related quality of life (QOL) at baseline in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Treatment Trial patients who were newly diagnosed and had mild visual loss. We also sought to determine the associations between vision-specific QOL scores and visual symptoms, visual function, pain, headache-related disability, and obesity. METHODS We assessed QOL using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25), and 10-Item NEI-VFQ-25 Neuro-Ophthalmic Supplement. We compared these results with those of previously reported idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) QOL studies. We assessed relationships between QOL and other clinical characteristics. RESULTS Among 165 participants with IIH (161 women and 4 men with a mean age ± SD of 29.2 ± 7.5 years), vision-specific QOL scores were reduced compared with published values for disease-free controls. Scores of participants were comparable to published results for patients with multiple sclerosis and a history of optic neuritis. A multiple linear regression model for the NEI-VFQ-25 composite score found that perimetric mean deviation in the best eye, visual acuity in the worst eye, visual symptoms, and pain symptoms (headache, neck pain), but not obesity, were independently associated with QOL. CONCLUSIONS IIH affects QOL at time of diagnosis even in patients with mild visual impairment. Vision-specific QOL in patients with newly diagnosed IIH may be as decreased as that for patients with other neuro-ophthalmic disorders. IIH treatment should target visual loss and other symptoms of increased intracranial pressure associated with reduced QOL. Reduced QOL does not simply reflect obesity, an underlying IIH risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen B Digre
- From the Moran Eye Center (K.B.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Epidemiology (B.B.B.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Departments of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Neurology (M.P.M.), and Center for Human Experimental Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (K.M.G.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (L.J.B.), New York University; and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (M.W.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City.
| | - Beau B Bruce
- From the Moran Eye Center (K.B.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Epidemiology (B.B.B.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Departments of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Neurology (M.P.M.), and Center for Human Experimental Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (K.M.G.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (L.J.B.), New York University; and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (M.W.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Michael P McDermott
- From the Moran Eye Center (K.B.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Epidemiology (B.B.B.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Departments of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Neurology (M.P.M.), and Center for Human Experimental Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (K.M.G.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (L.J.B.), New York University; and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (M.W.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Kristin M Galetta
- From the Moran Eye Center (K.B.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Epidemiology (B.B.B.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Departments of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Neurology (M.P.M.), and Center for Human Experimental Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (K.M.G.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (L.J.B.), New York University; and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (M.W.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Laura J Balcer
- From the Moran Eye Center (K.B.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Epidemiology (B.B.B.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Departments of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Neurology (M.P.M.), and Center for Human Experimental Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (K.M.G.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (L.J.B.), New York University; and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (M.W.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | - Michael Wall
- From the Moran Eye Center (K.B.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Epidemiology (B.B.B.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Departments of Biostatistics and Computational Biology and Neurology (M.P.M.), and Center for Human Experimental Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY; Department of Neurology (K.M.G.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology (L.J.B.), New York University; and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (M.W.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City
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Burkert NT, Rásky É, Großschädl F, Muckenhuber J, Freidl W. The relation of weight to women's health: a matched sample study from Austria. Women Health 2015; 55:134-51. [PMID: 25679266 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2014.979967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
While being underweight, overweight, or obese has been associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality, such relations have not been studied in Austrian women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze differences in health, health behaviors, and quality of life among women of various weight status categories, using data from the Austrian Health Interview (AT-HIS) 2006/07. First, women between 20 and 60 years of age, from four different weight status groups (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese) were matched case to case on age and socioeconomic status. After matching, the total number of women included in the analyses was 516 (N = 129 per). Differences in health status among women in different weight status categories were calculated using multiple conditional logistic regression analyses. Compared to females in the other three groups, women with normal weight had the best state of health: they had better self-reported health, suffered from fewer chronic conditions (e.g., sacrospinal complaints or migraines), and needed medical treatment less often. Moreover, they had better self-reported quality of life. In contrast, women who were underweight or obese showed worse health than women of normal weight. Appropriate health programs for weight risk groups are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie T Burkert
- a Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology , Medical University Graz , Graz , Austria
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Figueiredo JPD, Cardoso SM. Perceived health in the Portuguese population aged ≥ 35. Rev Saude Publica 2014; 48:406-27. [PMID: 25119936 PMCID: PMC4203081 DOI: 10.1590/s0034-8910.2014048005242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the exploratory relationship between determinants of health, life
satisfaction, locus of control, attitudes and behaviors and health related
quality of life in an adult population. METHODS Observational study (analytical and cross-sectional) with a quantitative
methodological basis. The sample was composed oy 1,214 inhabitants aged ≥ 35
in 31 civil parishes in the County of Coimbra, Portugal, 2011-2012. An
anonymous and voluntary health survey was conducted, which collected the
following information: demographic, clinical record, health and lifestyle
behaviors; health related quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study, Short
Form-36); health locus of control; survey of health attitudes and behavior,
and quality of life index. Pearson’s Linear Correlation, t-Student,
Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney; One-way ANOVA; Brown-Forsythe’s F; Kruskal-Wallis;
Multiple Comparisons: Tukey (HSD), Games-Howell and Conover were used in the
statistical analysis. RESULTS Health related quality of life was shown to be lower in females, in older age
groups, in obese/overweight individuals, widows, unassisted, those living
alone, living in rural/suburban areas, those who did not work and with a
medium-low socioeconomic level. Respondents with poor/very poor
self-perceived health (p < 0.0001), with chronic disease (p < 0.0001),
who consumed < 3 meals per day (p ≤ 0.01), who were sedentary, who slept
≤ 6 h/day and had smoked for several years revealed the worst health
results. Health related quality of life was positively related with a bigger
internal locus, with better health attitudes and behaviors (physical
exercise, health and nutritional care, length of dependence) and with
different areas of life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Better health related quality of life was associated with certain social,
psychological, family and health characteristics, a satisfactory lifestyle,
better socioeconomic conditions and a good internal locus of control over
health attitudes and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo de Figueiredo
- Departamento de Ciências Complementares, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Salvador Massano Cardoso
- Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität von übergewichtigen und adipösen Jugendlichen. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2014; 57:445-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00103-014-1943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Baskaran A, Cha DS, Powell AM, Jalil D, McIntyre RS. Sex differences in rates of obesity in bipolar disorder: postulated mechanisms. Bipolar Disord 2014; 16:83-92. [PMID: 24467470 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The increased standardized mortality ratio (SMR) from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women with bipolar disorder (BD), relative to men with BD and individuals of both sexes in the general population, provides the impetus to identify factors that contribute to the differential association of obesity with BD in women. METHODS We conducted a selective PubMed search of English-language articles published from September 1990 to June 2012. The key search terms were bipolar disorder and metabolic syndrome cross-referenced with gender, sex, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The search was supplemented with a manual review of relevant article reference lists. Articles selected for review were based on author consensus, the use of a standardized experimental procedure, validated assessment measures, and overall manuscript quality. RESULTS It is amply documented that adults with BD are affected by the metabolic syndrome at a rate higher than the general population. Women with BD, when compared to men with BD and individuals of both sexes in the general population, have higher rates of abdominal obesity. The course and clinical presentation of BD manifest differently in men and women, wherein women exhibit a higher frequency of depression predominant illness, a later onset of BD, more seasonal variations in mood disturbance, and increased susceptibility to relapse. Phenomenological factors can be expanded to include differences in patterns of comorbidity between the sexes among patients with BD. Other factors that contribute to the increased risk for abdominal obesity in female individuals with BD include reproductive life events, anamnestic (e.g., sexual and/or physical abuse), lifestyle, and iatrogenic. CONCLUSIONS A confluence of factors broadly categorized as broad- and sex-based subserve the increased rate of obesity in women with BD. It remains a testable hypothesis that the increased abdominal obesity in women with BD mediates the increased SMR from CVD. A clinical recommendation that emerges from this review is amplified attention to the appearance, or history, of factors that conspire to increase obesity in female patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Baskaran
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Burkert NT, Rásky É, Großschädl F, Muckenhuber J, Freidl W. The influence of socioeconomic factors on health parameters in overweight and obese adults. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65407. [PMID: 23755228 PMCID: PMC3673947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of being overweight and of obesity is increasing worldwide, and is associated with a high risk to health. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether normal weight, overweight and obese subjects of low, middle or high socioeconomic status (SES) differ with regard to their health behavior, health, quality of life, and the use of medical care. Data from the Austrian Health Interview Survey (ATHIS) 2006/07, comprising 3 groups of 1,077 individuals, each of whom were normal weight, overweight, or obese, respectively, and matched according to their age, sex and SES, were analyzed concerning health outcomes. The results show that subjects with a low SES differ significantly from those of high SES in terms of their health behavior, self-perceived health, levels of impairment, chronic conditions, quality of life, and health care. Additionally, obesity in adults is associated with sub-optimal dietary practices and worse health, poorer quality of life and medical care than normal weight and overweight individuals. A significant interaction between the weight class and SES was found concerning physical exercise, impairment due to health problems and chronic diseases. A low SES has a strong negative impact on health, especially in obese individuals. Therefore a continuous target group-oriented, non-discriminatory public health program is required, prioritizing obese subjects with low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie T Burkert
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Styria, Austria.
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Großschädl F, Titze S, Burkert N, Stronegger WJ. Moderate- and vigorous-intensity exercise behaviour according to the Transtheoretical Model: associations with smoking and BMI among Austrian adults. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2013; 125:270-8. [PMID: 23595523 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-013-0361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity leads to a number of physiological benefits, such as reduced risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus and obesity. In Austria, there is little information about the prevalence of physically inactive people, as well as about who is more likely to belong to the inactive or irregularly active groups. The aim of this study is to describe the socio-demographic distributions across the stages of behavioural change for moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity, according to the Transtheoretical Model, and to identify associations with smoking and body mass index (BMI). METHOD Data were collected in a standardised procedure using a self-report questionnaire from 489 adults who attended a health check in an outpatient clinic in southern Austria. Height and weight were measured by physicians. The subjects were categorised into the five stages of change (pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance), separately assessed for moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity. RESULTS The likelihood of being in the stage of maintenance of moderate-intensity physical activity was highest in older subjects (p < 0.05). Participants of a high educational level showed the highest likelihood of being physically active in vigorous-intensity physical activity (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the lowest stages of change behaviour were associated with higher BMI levels for vigorous-intensity physical activity (p < 0.05). Smokers were significantly (p < 0.05) more likely not to perform vigorous-intensity physical activity than non-smokers. CONCLUSION Our findings contribute to a better understanding of behavioural correlates of regular physical activity. The results may prove useful for developing promotion programmes for physical activity, allowing targeting of the identified risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Großschädl
- Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 6/I, 8010, Graz, Austria.
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