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Gharehaghaji ZH, Khalilzadeh B, Yousefi H, Mohammad-Rezaei R. An electrochemical immunosensor based on MXene-GQD/AuNPs for the detection of trace amounts of CA-125 as specific tracer of ovarian cancer. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:418. [PMID: 38914884 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemical immunoassay system was developed to detect CA-125 using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with MXene, graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The combined MXene-GQD/AuNPs modification displayed advantageous electrochemical properties due to the synergistic effects of MXene, GQDs, and AuNPs. The MXene-GQD composite in the modified layer provided strong mechanical properties and a large specific surface area. Furthermore, the presence of AuNPs significantly improved conductivity and facilitated the binding of anti-CA-125 on the modified GCE, thereby enhancing sensitivity. Various analytical techniques such as FE-SEM and EDS were utilized to investigate the structural and morphological characteristics as well as the elemental composition. The performance of the developed immunosensor was assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under optimized conditions in a working potential range of -0.2 to 0.6 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), the sensitivity, linear range (LR), limit of detection (LOD), and correlation coefficient (R2) were determined to be 315.250 µA pU.mL-1/cm2, 0.1 to 1 nU/mL, 0.075 nU/mL, and 0.9855, respectively. The detection of CA-125 in real samples was investigated using the developed immunoassay platform, demonstrating satisfactory results including excellent selectivity and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hosseinchi Gharehaghaji
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hadi Yousefi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Rahim Mohammad-Rezaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Mei X, Zeng Z, Xu W, Yang H, Zheng Y, Gao H, Wu C, Zheng Y, Xu Q, Wang G, Xu Y, Wu A. Sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensing of CA125 by using nanoribbon-like Ti 3C 2T x MXenes and toluidine blue/UIO-66-NH 2. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:1081-1087. [PMID: 38578575 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00528-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
CA125 (carbohydrate antigen 125) is an important biomarker of ovarian cancer, so developing effective method for its detection is of great significance. In the present work, a novel sandwich-like electrochemical immunosensor (STEM) of CA125 was constructed by preparing nanoribbon-like Ti3C2Tx MXenes (Ti3C2TxNR) to immobilize primary antibody (PAb) of CA125 and UIO-66-NH2 MOFs structure to immobilize second antibody (SAb) and electroactive toluidine blue (Tb) probe. In this designed STEM assay, the as-prepared Ti3C2TxNR nanohybrid offers the advantages in large surface area and conductivity as carrier, and UIO-66-NH2 provided an ideal platform to accommodate SAb and a large number of Tb molecules as signal amplifier. In the presence of CA125, the peak currents of Tb from the formed STEM structure increase with the increase of CA125 level. After optimizing the related control conditions, a wide linear range (0.2-150.0 U mL-1) and a very low detection limit (0.05 U mL-1) of CA125 were achieved. It's thus expected the developed STEM strategy has important applications for the detection of CA125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqiao Mei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenxin Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Translation Medical Testing and Application Technology, Zhangzhou Health Vocational College, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huicong Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanhai Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haimin Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chuncai Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanping Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiaoli Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuhuang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ayang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China.
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3
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Palakollu VN, Veera Manohara Reddy Y, Shekh MI, Vattikuti SVP, Shim J, Karpoormath R. Electrochemical immunosensing of tumor markers. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117882. [PMID: 38521164 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The rising incidence and mortality rates of cancer have led to a growing need for precise and prompt early diagnostic approaches to effectively combat this disease. However, traditional methods employed for detecting tumor cells, such as histopathological and immunological techniques, are often associated with complex procedures, high analytical expenses, elevated false positive rates, and a dependence on experienced personnel. Tracking tumor markers is recognized as one of the most effective approaches for early detection and prognosis of cancer. While onco-biomarkers can also be produced in normal circumstances, their concentration is significantly elevated when tumors are present. By monitoring the levels of these markers, healthcare professionals can obtain valuable insights into the presence, progression, and response to treatment of cancer, aiding in timely diagnosis and effective management. This review aims to provide researchers with a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in tumor markers using electrochemical immunosensors. By highlighting the latest developments in this field, researchers can gain a general understanding of the progress made in the utilization of electrochemical immunosensors for detecting tumor markers. Furthermore, this review also discusses the current limitations associated with electrochemical immunosensors and offers insights into paving the way for further improvements and advancements in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Narayana Palakollu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru 560064, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Y Veera Manohara Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Mehdihasan I Shekh
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | | | - Jaesool Shim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
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4
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Mashhadian A, Jian R, Tian S, Wu S, Xiong G. An Overview of Electrochemical Sensors Based on Transition Metal Carbides and Oxides: Synthesis and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 15:42. [PMID: 38258161 PMCID: PMC10819441 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Sensors play vital roles in industry and healthcare due to the significance of controlling the presence of different substances in industrial processes, human organs, and the environment. Electrochemical sensors have gained more attention recently than conventional sensors, including optical fibers, chromatography devices, and chemiresistors, due to their better versatility, higher sensitivity and selectivity, and lower complexity. Herein, we review transition metal carbides (TMCs) and transition metal oxides (TMOs) as outstanding materials for electrochemical sensors. We navigate through the fabrication processes of TMCs and TMOs and reveal the relationships among their synthesis processes, morphological structures, and sensing performance. The state-of-the-art biological, gas, and hydrogen peroxide electrochemical sensors based on TMCs and TMOs are reviewed, and potential challenges in the field are suggested. This review can help others to understand recent advancements in electrochemical sensors based on transition metal oxides and carbides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guoping Xiong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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5
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Tejerina-Miranda S, Blázquez-García M, Serafín V, Montero-Calle A, Garranzo-Asensio M, Reviejo AJ, Pedrero M, Pingarrón JM, Barderas R, Campuzano S. Electrochemical biotool for the dual determination of epithelial mucins associated to prognosis and minimal residual disease in colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125996. [PMID: 37499706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This work reports a dual immunoplatform for the simultaneous detection of two epithelial glycoproteins of the mucin family, mucin 1 (MUC1) and mucin 16 (MUC16), whose expression is related to adverse prognosis and minimal residual disease (MRD) in colorectal cancer (CRC). The developed immunoplatform involves functionalised magnetic microparticles (MBs), a set of specific antibody pairs (a capture antibody, cAb, and a biotinylated detector antibody b-dAb labelled with a streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase, Strep-HRP, polymer) for each target protein and amperometric detection at dual screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPdCEs) using the hydroquinone (HQ)/horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/H2O2 system. This dual immunoplatform allows, under the optimised experimental conditions, to achieve LOD values of 50 and 1.81 pg mL-1 (or mU mL-1) for MUC1 and MUC16, respectively, and adequate selectivity for the determination of the two targets in the clinic. The developed immunoplatform was employed to analyse CRC cell protein extracts (1.0 μg/determination) with different metastatic potential providing results in agreement with those obtained by blotting technologies but using affordable and applicable point-of-care instruments. This new biotool also emerges competitive in state-of-the-art electrochemical immunoplatforms seeking a compromise among simplicity, reduction of test time and analytical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tejerina-Miranda
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. de las Ciencias 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Blázquez-García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. de las Ciencias 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Serafín
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. de las Ciencias 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Montero-Calle
- Chronic Disease Programme, UFIEC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Garranzo-Asensio
- Chronic Disease Programme, UFIEC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Julio Reviejo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. de las Ciencias 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pedrero
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. de las Ciencias 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Pingarrón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. de las Ciencias 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Chronic Disease Programme, UFIEC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Susana Campuzano
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pza. de las Ciencias 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Bilgi Kamaç M, Altun M, Yilmaz M, Sezgintürk MK. A label-free dual immunosensor for the simultaneous electrochemical determination of CA125 and HE4 biomarkers for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1709-1718. [PMID: 36719438 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The blood levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4) are measured in the diagnosis and progression monitoring of ovarian cancer (OC), and the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) score% values are calculated for cancer risk assessment. For the first time, disposable dual screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with reduced graphene oxide, polythionine, and gold nanoparticles were used to fabricate label-free electrochemical dual CA125-HE4 immunosensors for the sensitive, fast, and practical simultaneous determination of CA125 and HE4. DPV and SWV methods were used to simultaneously determine antigens in two different linear ranges (1-100 pg mL-1 and 1-50 ng mL-1). High sensitivity, low LOD, and LOQ were obtained for two linear ranges with a correlation coefficient above 0.99. The application stability of the dual CA125-HE4 immunosensors was determined as 60 days, and the storage stability was determined as 16 weeks. The dual immunosensors exhibited high selectivity in eight different antigen mixtures. The reusability of the dual immunosensors has been tested up to 9 cycles. ROMA score% values for pre-menopausal and post-menopausal status were calculated using the concentration of CA125 and HE4 in the blood serum and assessing OC risk. The disposable dual immunosensors can be used in point-of-care tests for rapid and practical simultaneous determination of CA125 and HE4 with high selectivity, sensitivity, and repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melike Bilgi Kamaç
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, 18100, Turkey.
| | - Muhammed Altun
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, 18100, Turkey
| | - Merve Yilmaz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, 18100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey.
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Sanko V, Kuralay F. Label-Free Electrochemical Biosensor Platforms for Cancer Diagnosis: Recent Achievements and Challenges. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13030333. [PMID: 36979545 PMCID: PMC10046346 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With its fatal effects, cancer is still one of the most important diseases of today's world. The underlying fact behind this scenario is most probably due to its late diagnosis. That is why the necessity for the detection of different cancer types is obvious. Cancer studies including cancer diagnosis and therapy have been one of the most laborious tasks. Since its early detection significantly affects the following therapy steps, cancer diagnosis is very important. Despite researchers' best efforts, the accurate and rapid diagnosis of cancer is still challenging and difficult to investigate. It is known that electrochemical techniques have been successfully adapted into the cancer diagnosis field. Electrochemical sensor platforms that are brought together with the excellent selectivity of biosensing elements, such as nucleic acids, aptamers or antibodies, have put forth very successful outputs. One of the remarkable achievements of these biomolecule-attached sensors is their lack of need for additional labeling steps, which bring extra burdens such as interference effects or demanding modification protocols. In this review, we aim to outline label-free cancer diagnosis platforms that use electrochemical methods to acquire signals. The classification of the sensing platforms is generally presented according to their recognition element, and the most recent achievements by using these attractive sensing substrates are described in detail. In addition, the current challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vildan Sanko
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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8
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Chen Z, Li H, Chen Z, Xuan X, Zhou B, Li M. Two-channel electrochemical immunosensor based on one-step-synthesized AuPt-boron-doped graphene electrode for CA153 detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114974. [PMID: 36495718 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a novel dual-channel electrochemical immunosensor was fabricated via vertical growth of AuPt-decorated boron-doped graphene (AuPt-BG) nanosheets as a signal amplification platform to detect cancer antigen 153 (CA153). Highly open, porous AuPt-BG films were synthesized using one-step electron-assisted hot-filament chemical vapor deposition. The Au-Pt alloy nanoparticles were dispersed on BG nanosheets to improve their biocompatibility, and antibodies (Ab) were directly bonded to the AuPt-BG electrode. The architectures enlarged the loading of CA153Ab and efficiently catalyzed the Fe(CN)63-/4- reaction, ultimately amplifying the signals. This novel strategy allows the simultaneous detection of CA153 in the oxidation and reduction channels, improving the reliability of the detection results. The AuPt-BG-based immunosensor exhibited a lower detection limit (0.0012 mU mL-1, S/N = 3) and wider linear range (0.1-4 × 104 mU mL-1) along with improved reproducibility, selectivity, and stability for the assay of CA153. Owing to the high process controllability of AuPt-BG films, a large-area electrode for in-vitro analyses and a flexible microelectrode for in-vivo analyses were prepared, which confirmed that the AuPt-BG-based sensor is an ideal CA153 detection platform for clinical diagnosis and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Hongji Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Xiuwei Xuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices & Communication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Baozeng Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices & Communication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Mingji Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices & Communication Technology (Ministry of Education), School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
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Dong T, Matos Pires NM, Yang Z, Jiang Z. Advances in Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials for Protein Biomarker Detection in Saliva. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205429. [PMID: 36585368 PMCID: PMC9951322 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The focus on precise medicine enhances the need for timely diagnosis and frequent monitoring of chronic diseases. Moreover, the recent pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 poses a great demand for rapid detection and surveillance of viral infections. The detection of protein biomarkers and antigens in the saliva allows rapid identification of diseases or disease changes in scenarios where and when the test response at the point of care is mandated. While traditional methods of protein testing fail to provide the desired fast results, electrochemical biosensors based on nanomaterials hold perfect characteristics for the detection of biomarkers in point-of-care settings. The recent advances in electrochemical sensors for salivary protein detection are critically reviewed in this work, with emphasis on the role of nanomaterials to boost the biosensor analytical performance and increase the reliability of the test in human saliva samples. Furthermore, this work identifies the critical factors for further modernization of the nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors, envisaging the development and implementation of next-generation sample-in-answer-out systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- Department of Microsystems‐ IMSFaculty of TechnologyNatural Sciences and Maritime SciencesUniversity of South‐Eastern Norway‐USNP.O. Box 235Kongsberg3603Norway
| | - Nuno Miguel Matos Pires
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Systems and Intelligent TransductionCollaborative Innovation Center on Micro‐Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco‐Internet of ThingsChongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro‐Nano Systems Technology and Smart TransducingNational Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing ServiceChongqing Technology and Business UniversityNan'an DistrictChongqing400067China
| | - Zhaochu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Systems and Intelligent TransductionCollaborative Innovation Center on Micro‐Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco‐Internet of ThingsChongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro‐Nano Systems Technology and Smart TransducingNational Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing ServiceChongqing Technology and Business UniversityNan'an DistrictChongqing400067China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano Systems and Intelligent TransductionCollaborative Innovation Center on Micro‐Nano Transduction and Intelligent Eco‐Internet of ThingsChongqing Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities on Micro‐Nano Systems Technology and Smart TransducingNational Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing ServiceChongqing Technology and Business UniversityNan'an DistrictChongqing400067China
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems EngineeringInternational Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China
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10
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Explore how immobilization strategies affected immunosensor performance by comparing four methods for antibody immobilization on electrode surfaces. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22444. [PMID: 36575248 PMCID: PMC9794789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26768-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the common methods used for antibody immobilization on electrode surfaces, which is the best available option for immunosensor fabrication? To answer this question, we first used graphene-chitosan-Au/Pt nanoparticle (G-Chi-Au/PtNP) nanocomposites to modify a gold electrode (GE). Second, avian reovirus monoclonal antibody (ARV/MAb) was immobilized on the GE surface by using four common methods, which included glutaraldehyde (Glu), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS), direct incubation or cysteamine hydrochloride (CH). Third, the electrodes were incubated with bovine serum albumin, four different avian reovirus (ARV) immunosensors were obtained. Last, the four ARV immunosensors were used to detect ARV. The results showed that the ARV immunosensors immobilized via Glu, EDC/NHS, direct incubation or CH showed detection limits of 100.63 EID50 mL-1, 100.48 EID50 mL-1, 100.37 EID50 mL-1 and 100.46 EID50 mL-1 ARV (S/N = 3) and quantification limits of 101.15 EID50 mL-1, and 101.00 EID50 mL-1, 100.89 EID50 mL-1 and 100.98 EID50 mL-1 ARV (S/N = 10), respectively, while the linear range of the immunosensor immobilized via CH (0-105.82 EID50 mL-1 ARV) was 10 times broader than that of the immunosensor immobilized via direct incubation (0-104.82 EID50 mL-1 ARV) and 100 times broader than those of the immunosensors immobilized via Glu (0-103.82 EID50 mL-1 ARV) or EDC/NHS (0-103.82 EID50 mL-1 ARV). And the four immunosensors showed excellent selectivity, reproducibility and stability.
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11
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Electrochemical Immunosensor Modified with Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide@Carboxylated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Chitosan@Gold Nanoparticles for CA125 Detection. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10070272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest mortality rate, and the detection of its tumor marker carcinoma antigen 125 (CA125) is significant. Here, an electrochemical immunoassay for CA125 was described. Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO), carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CMWCNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were applied to co-modify glassy carbon electrode (GCE), after incubation with Anti-CA125, the modified electrode was employed for the specific detection of CA125. The N-rGO@CMWCNTs (Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide@carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes) were used as a matrix, while CS@AuNPs (Chitosan@gold nanoparticles) with high conductivity and biocompatibility was immobilized on it through the reaction between carboxyl groups from CMWCNTs and amino groups, hydroxyl groups from chitosan (CS), resulting in the effect of double signal amplification. The immunosensor demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance with a linear detection range of 0.1 pg mL−1–100 ng mL−1, and the detection limit was as low as 0.04 pg mL−1 (S/N = 3). It had been verified that this method had good precision and high accuracy, and the immunosensor could remain stable for 10 days. This research provided a new method for the detection of CA125 in serum.
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