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Xu K, Wu M, Huang M, Zhuo X, Weng Y, Chen X. Carbohydrate antigen 125 combined with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in the prediction of acute heart failure following ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32129. [PMID: 36482545 PMCID: PMC9726410 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The value of serum carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) combined with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in the evaluation of acute heart failure (AHF) after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of CA125 combined with NT-proBNP in predicting AHF following STEMI. A total of 233 patients with STEMI were evaluated, including 39 patients with Killip II-IV and 194 patients with Killip I. The optimal cutoff point for predicting AHF was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the independent predictors of AHF were evaluated by multiple logistic regression. According to the cutoff value, it was divided into three groups: C1 = CA125 < 13.20 and NT-proBNP < 2300 (n = 138); C2 = CA125 ≥ 13.20 or NT-proBNP ≥ 2300 (n = 59); C3 = CA125 ≥ 13.20 and NT-proBNP ≥ 2300 (n = 36). Differences between groups were compared by odds ratio (OR). The levels of CA125 and NT-proBNP in AHF group were higher than those in non-AHF group (19.90 vs 10.00, P < .001; 2980.00 vs 1029.50, P < .001, respectively). The optimal cutoff values of CA125 and NT-proBNP for predicting AHF were 13.20 and 2300, both of which were independent predictors of AHF. The incidence of AHF during hospitalization was highest in C3 (69.44%), middle in C2 (20.34%) and lowest in C1 (1.45%). After adjustment for clinical confounding variables, compared with C1: C2 (OR = 6.41, 95% CI: 1.22-33.84, P = .029), C3 (OR = 19.27, 95% CI: 3.12-118.92, P = .001). Elevated CA125 and NT-proBNP are independent predictors of AHF in STEMI patients, and their combination can improve the recognition efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Meifang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Meinv Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Xiuping Zhuo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Yujuan Weng
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China
- * Correspondence: Xi Chen, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian 351100, China (e-mail: )
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Quan Q, Liao Q, Yin W, Zhou S, Gong S, Mu X. Serum HE4 and CA125 combined to predict and monitor recurrence of type II endometrial carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21694. [PMID: 34737393 PMCID: PMC8569215 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There is no recognized serum biomarker to predict the recurrence of endometrial carcinoma (EC). We aimed to explore serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) as the biomarkers to predict and monitor recurrence of type II EC. 191 patients diagnosed with type II EC were involved for this retrospective study. Comparing recurrent with non-recurrent patients, HE4 levels resulted a statistically significant difference at primary diagnosis and recurrence, respectively (P = 0.002 and P = < 0.001), while CA125 levels resulted statistically significant (P = < 0.001) at recurrence. According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the areas under the curve were significant for HE4 levels at primary diagnosis and recurrence predicting recurrence. Furthermore, CA125 levels at recurrence were significant. And the combination of both markers showed the higher sensitivity and specificity than single one. Patients with higher HE4 levels were associated with worse disease-free survival and overall survival, the opposite was true for patients with lower HE4 levels. The preoperative HE4 levels could be used to evaluate the risk factors of type II EC. Which suggested that HE4 levels might associated with the prognosis of type II EC. And combination of HE4 and CA125 could be applied to monitor recurrence during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Quan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qianqian Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanchun Yin
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuwei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Sainan Gong
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoling Mu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuanjiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Jeong S, Son DS, Cho M, Lee N, Song W, Shin S, Park SH, Lee DJ, Park MJ. Evaluation of Combined Cancer Markers With Lactate Dehydrogenase and Application of Machine Learning Algorithms for Differentiating Benign Disease From Malignant Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211033401. [PMID: 34923833 PMCID: PMC8704186 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211033401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The differential diagnosis of ovarian cancer is important, and there has been ongoing research to identify biomarkers with higher performance. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of combinations of cancer markers classified by machine learning algorithms in patients with early stage ovarian cancer, which has rarely been reported. METHODS In total, 730 serum samples were assayed for lactate dehydrogenase (LD), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), and risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA). Among them, 53 were diagnosed with early stage ovarian cancer, and the remaining 677 were diagnosed with benign disease. RESULTS The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC-AUCs) of the ROMA, HE4, CA125, LD, and NLR for discriminating ovarian cancer from non-cancerous disease were .707, .680, .643, .657, and .624, respectively. ROC-AUC of the combination of ROMA and LD (.709) was similar to that of single ROMA in the total population. In the postmenopausal group, ROC-AUCs of HE4 and CA125 combined with LD presented the highest value (.718). When machine learning algorithms were applied to ROMA combined with LD, the ROC-AUC of random forest was higher than that of other applied algorithms in the total population (.757), showing acceptable performance. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the combinations of ovarian cancer-specific markers with LD classified by random forest may be a useful tool for predicting ovarian cancer, particularly in clinical settings, due to easy accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Application of an optimal combination of cancer markers and algorithms would facilitate appropriate management of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seri Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae-Soon Son
- School of Big Data Science, Data Science Convergence Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Minseob Cho
- School of Big Data Science, Data Science Convergence Research Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Nuri Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonkeun Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saeam Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Jin Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Research Center of Artificial Intelligence, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Malsagova KA, Pleshakova TO, Galiullin RA, Kozlov AF, Shumov ID, Popov VP, Tikhonenko FV, Glukhov AV, Ziborov VS, Petrov OF, Fortov VE, Archakov AI, Ivanov YD. Highly Sensitive Detection of CA 125 Protein with the Use of an n-Type Nanowire Biosensor. Biosensors (Basel) 2020; 10:bios10120210. [PMID: 33353197 PMCID: PMC7766891 DOI: 10.3390/bios10120210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The detection of CA 125 protein in a solution using a silicon-on-insulator (SOI)-nanowire biosensor with n-type chip has been experimentally demonstrated. The surface of nanowires was modified by covalent immobilization of antibodies against CA 125 in order to provide the biospecificity of the target protein detection. We have demonstrated that the biosensor signal, which results from the biospecific interaction between CA 125 and the covalently immobilized antibodies, increases with the increase in the protein concentration. At that, the minimum concentration, at which the target protein was detectable with the SOI-nanowire biosensor, amounted to 1.5 × 10−16 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina A. Malsagova
- Laboratory of nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.F.K.); (I.D.S.); (V.S.Z.); (A.I.A.); (Y.D.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-246-3761
| | - Tatyana O. Pleshakova
- Laboratory of nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.F.K.); (I.D.S.); (V.S.Z.); (A.I.A.); (Y.D.I.)
| | - Rafael A. Galiullin
- Laboratory of nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.F.K.); (I.D.S.); (V.S.Z.); (A.I.A.); (Y.D.I.)
| | - Andrey F. Kozlov
- Laboratory of nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.F.K.); (I.D.S.); (V.S.Z.); (A.I.A.); (Y.D.I.)
| | - Ivan D. Shumov
- Laboratory of nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.F.K.); (I.D.S.); (V.S.Z.); (A.I.A.); (Y.D.I.)
| | - Vladimir P. Popov
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.P.P.); (F.V.T.)
| | - Fedor V. Tikhonenko
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.P.P.); (F.V.T.)
| | - Alexander V. Glukhov
- JSC Novosibirsk Plant of Semiconductor Devices with OKB, 630082 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Vadim S. Ziborov
- Laboratory of nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.F.K.); (I.D.S.); (V.S.Z.); (A.I.A.); (Y.D.I.)
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (O.F.P.); (V.E.F.)
| | - Oleg F. Petrov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (O.F.P.); (V.E.F.)
| | - Vladimir E. Fortov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences, 125412 Moscow, Russia; (O.F.P.); (V.E.F.)
| | - Alexander I. Archakov
- Laboratory of nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.F.K.); (I.D.S.); (V.S.Z.); (A.I.A.); (Y.D.I.)
| | - Yuri D. Ivanov
- Laboratory of nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (T.O.P.); (R.A.G.); (A.F.K.); (I.D.S.); (V.S.Z.); (A.I.A.); (Y.D.I.)
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Funston G, Hamilton W, Abel G, Crosbie EJ, Rous B, Walter FM. The diagnostic performance of CA125 for the detection of ovarian and non-ovarian cancer in primary care: A population-based cohort study. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003295. [PMID: 33112854 PMCID: PMC7592785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The serum biomarker cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is widely used as an investigation for possible ovarian cancer in symptomatic women presenting to primary care. However, its diagnostic performance in this setting is unknown. We evaluated the performance of CA125 in primary care for the detection of ovarian and non-ovarian cancers. METHODS AND FINDINGS We studied women in the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink with a CA125 test performed between 1 May 2011-31 December 2014. Ovarian and non-ovarian cancers diagnosed in the year following CA125 testing were identified from the cancer registry. Women were categorized by age: <50 years and ≥50 years. Conventional measures of test diagnostic accuracy, including sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value, were calculated for the standard CA125 cut-off (≥35 U/ml). The probability of a woman having cancer at each CA125 level between 1-1,000 U/ml was estimated using logistic regression. Cancer probability was also estimated on the basis of CA125 level and age in years using logistic regression. We identified CA125 levels equating to a 3% estimated cancer probability: the "risk threshold" at which the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence advocates urgent specialist cancer investigation. A total of 50,780 women underwent CA125 testing; 456 (0.9%) were diagnosed with ovarian cancer and 1,321 (2.6%) with non-ovarian cancer. Of women with a CA125 level ≥35 U/ml, 3.4% aged <50 years and 15.2% aged ≥50 years had ovarian cancer. Of women with a CA125 level ≥35 U/ml who were aged ≥50 years and who did not have ovarian cancer, 20.4% were diagnosed with a non-ovarian cancer. A CA125 value of 53 U/ml equated to a 3% probability of ovarian cancer overall. This varied by age, with a value of 104 U/ml in 40-year-old women and 32 U/ml in 70-year-old women equating to a 3% probability. The main limitations of our study were that we were unable to determine why CA125 tests were performed and that our findings are based solely on UK primary care data, so caution is need in extrapolating them to other healthcare settings. CONCLUSIONS CA125 is a useful test for ovarian cancer detection in primary care, particularly in women ≥50 years old. Clinicians should also consider non-ovarian cancers in women with high CA125 levels, especially if ovarian cancer has been excluded, in order to prevent diagnostic delay. Our results enable clinicians and patients to determine the estimated probability of ovarian cancer and all cancers at any CA125 level and age, which can be used to guide individual decisions on the need for further investigation or referral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garth Funston
- The Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gary Abel
- University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J. Crosbie
- Gynaecological Oncology Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Rous
- National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, Public Health England, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona M. Walter
- The Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Lu L, Liu B, Leng J, Ma X, Peng H. Electrochemical mixed aptamer-antibody sandwich assay for mucin protein 16 detection through hybridization chain reaction amplification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7169-7178. [PMID: 32761361 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A mixed aptamer-antibody sandwich assay for the determination of mucin protein 16 (MUC16) was developed based on hybridization chain reaction (HCR) with methylene blue (MB) as an electrochemical indicator. First, MUC16 antibody was adsorbed onto the surface of the Au nanoparticle (AuNP)-modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode to effectively capture the target MUC16. After MUC16 was captured by the MUC16 aptamer, an antibody/MUC16/aptamer sandwich structure formed for the highly selective detection of MUC16. The 3' end of the aptamer was then subjected to HCR with the assistance of auxiliary probes to obtain DNA concatemers. Numerous MB molecules bonded with G bases in the DNA concatemers by immersing the modified ITO electrode into a stirred solution containing MB with KCl. Stepwise changes in the microscopic features of the electrode surface were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to characterize the electrochemical behavior of the different modified electrodes. The oxidation current of MB was detected by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimum conditions, the proposed mixed aptamer-antibody sandwich assay showed wide dynamic range from 0.39 to 200 unit mL-1 with a low detection limit of 0.02 unit mL-1 (S/N ratio = 3). The proposed method showed good accuracy, selectivity, and acceptable reproducibility. Graphical abstract An electrochemical mixed aptamer-antibody sandwich assay based on the aptamer-induced HCR amplification strategy was fabricated for the highly sensitive detection of MUC16. The mixed aptamer-antibody sandwich assay showed acceptable performance of detection range, detection limit, reproducibility, and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingsong Lu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Reproductive Genetics, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianhang Leng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huihui Peng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
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Ukrainets RV, Korneva YS. [The influence of endometrioid heterotopias on the red blood parameters.]. Klin Lab Diagn 2020; 65:424-427. [PMID: 32762180 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-7-424-427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Endometrioid heterotopia can have an adverse systemic effect on the organism through erythropoietin synthesis, which can affect erythropoiesis and reflect in blood analysis. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of endometrioid heterotopia on parameters of red blood. The investigated group included patients with endometrioid heterotopias of various localisations (115 cases), functional ovarian cysts made up the control group (28 cases). Retrospectively, the number of red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, and the level of (CA-125) were recorded in the medical histories. The parameters were taken into account both before and after radical surgery. The highest values of the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin are observed in endometrioid ovarian cysts, followed by adenomyosis, endometriosis of the pelvic peritoneum and skin scar, respectively. After surgery, these differences have disappeared. Comparison of the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin before and after surgery revealed significant changes for both parameters in the group of patients with endometriosis, while in the control group the number of red blood cells and the level of hemoglobin did not change significantly. The number of cases with endometrioid ovarian cysts, where the red blood cell count was higher than normal, significantly differed from the control group; on the contrary, with non-endometrioid ovarian cysts, a significantly more frequent decreased number of red blood cells was observed. In addition, red blood counts in patients with endometriosis before surgery had a moderate negative correlation with the level of CA-125 protein.The possible systemic influence of endometrioid heterotopias on erythropoiesis in the form of its stimulation is demonstrated. In non-endometrioid ovarian cysts a significantly more frequent decrease in the number of red blood cells is observed. The reveales pecularities can be used for complex differential diagnostics of ovarian cysts at the preoperative stage due to their easy accessibility and minimally invasive nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Ukrainets
- Smolensk State Medical University, 214019, Smolensk, Russia
- Smolensk Regional Institute of Pathology, 214019, Smolensk, Russia
| | - Yulia Sergeevna Korneva
- Smolensk State Medical University, 214019, Smolensk, Russia
- Smolensk Regional Institute of Pathology, 214019, Smolensk, Russia
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Mani R, Shobha PS, Thilagavathi S, Prema P, Viswanathan N, Vineet R, Dhanashree R, Angayarkanni N. Altered mucins and aquaporins indicate dry eye outcome in patients undergoing Vitreo-retinal surgery. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233517. [PMID: 32437405 PMCID: PMC7241722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitreo-retinal (VR) surgeries induce conjunctival changes. However, there are no study reports regarding prevalence and severity of dry eye after these surgeries. This study evaluated dry eye outcome after VR surgery. Patients undergoing VR surgery classified as scleral buckle and microincision vitrectomy surgery (n = 44, mean age: 56.09±10.2 years) were recruited. Dry eye evaluation was done before and 8 weeks after surgery (2 weeks after omitting topical eye drops). Conjunctival imprint cytology for goblet cell count and tear Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) protein estimation was done. Gene expressions of MUC5AC, MUC4, MUC16, Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and AQP5 were analyzed in the conjunctival imprint cells by qPCR. None of the patients exhibited clinical signs of dry eye after VR surgery. But the conjunctival goblet cell density (GCD) was significantly lowered post-VR surgery (63% cases, **p = 0.012) with no alterations in the tear MUC5AC protein. Post-VR surgery, the conjunctival cell gene expression of MUC4, MUC16 and AQP4 were significantly increased (*p = 0.025, *p = 0.05 and *p = 0.02 respectively) and AQP5 was significantly lowered (*p = 0.037), with no change in MUC5AC expression. Tear cytokines were significantly increased post-VR surgery (anti-inflammatory: IL1RA, IL4, IL5, IL9, FGF; PDGFbb and pro-inflammatory: IL2, IL6, IL15, GMCSF and IFNg). Though clinical signs of dry eye were not observed after VR surgery, ocular surface changes in the form of reduced GCD, altered MUC5AC, MUC4, MUC16, AQP4, AQP5 and cytokines are suggestive of dry eye outcome at the molecular level especially inpatients aged above 51 years, especially female gender and those who are diabetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramalingam Mani
- RS Mehta Jain Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vision Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - P. S. Shobha
- Elite School of Optometry, Medical Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Saravanan Thilagavathi
- Elite School of Optometry, Medical Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Padmanabhan Prema
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Medical Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Natarajan Viswanathan
- Department of Bio-Statistics, Vision Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Ratra Vineet
- Department of Comprehensive Ophthalmology, Medical Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Ratra Dhanashree
- Department of Vitreo-retinal Diseases, Medical Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Narayanasamy Angayarkanni
- RS Mehta Jain Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vision Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, Chennai, India
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Peng YF, Sun JF, Li L. Renal Impairment Increases Serum Cancer Antigen 125 Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2020; 50:361-363. [PMID: 32581026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Poor glycemic control increases the risk of diabetes complications. Serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) has been associated with diabetes status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our aim was to focus on the association between serum CA125 and renal impairment in patients with T2DM. METHODS Retrospective study included 151 patients with T2DM, with review of clinical and laboratory data. RESULTS Serum CA125 levels were positively correlated with urinary microalbumin and 24-hours urinary protein (r=0.170, p=0.037; r=0.186, p=0.022) in T2DM patients. Patients with 24-hours urinary protein positive maintained higher serum CA125 levels than those with 24-hours urinary protein negative (p=0.047). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that serum CA125 was independently correlated with urinary microalbumin and 24-hours urinary protein in T2DM patients (beta=0.192, p=0.042; beta=0.203, p=0.025). CONCLUSIONS Serum CA125 levels are positively correlated with urinary microalbumin and 24-hours urinary protein in T2DM patients; renal impairment may increase serum CA125 levels in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Fan Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Pancreatic Research Institute, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Fang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Pancreatic Research Institute, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Samadi Pakchin P, Fathi M, Ghanbari H, Saber R, Omidi Y. A novel electrochemical immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of CA125 in ovarian cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 153:112029. [PMID: 31989938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we report on the design and development of a novel electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) oncomarker. Polyamidoamine/gold nanoparticles (PAMAM/AuNPs) were used to increase the conductivity and enhance the number of antibodies (Abs) immobilized on the electrode surface. Three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide-multiwall carbon nanotubes (3DrGO-MWCNTs) were used to modify the glassy carbon electrode to improve the electrode conductivity and specific surface area. Ab and toluidine blue attached to O-succinyl-chitosan-magnetic nanoparticles (Suc-CS@MNPs) as a tracer. The poor solubility of chitosan (CS) was improved by succinic anhydride using a novel modification method. Under optimum condition, the developed immunosensor exhibited a wide linear range (0.0005-75 U/mL) and an excellent limit of detection around 6 μU/mL. The reliability of the engineered immunosensor in detecting CA125 was verified by standard addition recovery method, which was further compared to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The proposed immunosensor exhibited excellent stability, high selectivity and sensitivity, and good reproducibility. Based on the great performance of the engineered immunosensor, it is proposed as a robust and reliable diagnostic tool for the detection of CA125 in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Samadi Pakchin
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanbari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Saber
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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11
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Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a silent cancer which rate survival mainly relays in early stage detection. The discovery of reliable ovarian cancer biomarkers plays a crucial role in the disease management and strongly impact in patient's prognosis and survival. Although having many limitations CA125 is a classical ovarian cancer biomarker, but current research using proteomic or metabolomic methodologies struggles to find alternative biomarkers, using non-invasive our relatively non-invasive sources such as urine, serum, plasma, tissue, ascites or exosomes. Metabolism and metabolites are key players in cancer biology and its importance in biomarkers discovery cannot be neglected. In this chapter we overview the state of art and the challenges facing the use and discovery of biomarkers and focus on ovarian cancer early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasco D B Bonifácio
- IBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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12
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Hanatani M, Yoshikawa N, Yoshida K, Tamauchi S, Ikeda Y, Nishino K, Niimi K, Suzuki S, Kawai M, Kajiyama H, Kikkawa F. Impact of age on clinicopathological features and survival of epithelial ovarian neoplasms in reproductive age. Int J Clin Oncol 2019; 25:187-194. [PMID: 31541363 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the effect of age on the prognosis of epithelial ovarian neoplasms. In the reproductive age, fertility-sparing surgery had been widely implemented. This study aimed to elucidate impact of age on the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of epithelial ovarian neoplasms in the reproductive age. METHODS The clinical records of patients diagnosed as epithelial ovarian cancer or epithelial borderline ovarian tumor at the age of 40 years or younger at multiple institutions in the Tokai Ovarian Tumor Study Group were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were stratified into two age groups: group A (≤ 30 years) and group B (31-40 years). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate overall survival and disease-free survival. RESULTS A total of 583 patients (325 patients: cancer, 258 patients: borderline) were included. The median follow-up time was 62.0 months (range 1-270 months). Compared with group B, group A had a significantly higher rate of borderline tumor (66.7% vs. 32.7%, p < 0.001); stage I disease (85.9% vs. 70.4%, p < 0.001); mucinous type (69.2% vs. 35.6%, p < 0.001); conservative surgery (83.8% vs. 41.6%, p < 0.001); no adjuvant chemotherapy (67.2% vs. 44.7%, p < 0.001); and CA125 ≤ 35 U/mL (39.4% vs. 28.8%, p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the overall survival (p = 0.0051) and the disease-free survival (p = 0.0039) between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that the independent prognostic factors for the overall survival were age, stage, histology, and ascitic fluid cytology. CONCLUSION In epithelial ovarian neoplasms, younger patients had a survival advantage over older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Hanatani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Yoshikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Nishino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Michiyasu Kawai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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13
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Bian NN, Shi XY, Qi HY, Hu X, Ge Y, An GY, Feng GS. The relationship of plasma fibrinogen with clinicopathological stages and tumor markers in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16764. [PMID: 31393394 PMCID: PMC6708950 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that the blood of cancer patients are generally in hypercoagulable statement. The aim of the present research is to study the relationships of plasma fibrinogen (Fbg) levels with clinicopathological stages (CS) and tumor markers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Baseline information, plasma Fbg levels, CS, and expression level of tumor markers were collected from medical records retrospectively. Unitary linear regression was used to analyze the relationships between continuous variables and Fbg, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationships between categorical variables and Fbg. National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (Version 4) for NSCLC were adopted to evaluate CS.A total of 652 NSCLC patients were included. Compared with the females, male patients had higher mean plasma Fbg levels (P < .001). The later the N stages (P = .002), M stages (P = .002), and CS (P = .001) were, the higher the average plasma Fbg levels were. The levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (P = .001), carbohydrate antigen 125 (P = .041), and neuron-specific enolase (P < .001) were positively correlated with plasma Fbg concentration. The plasma level of Fbg in lung adenocarcinoma patients (P < .001) was the lowest, while that of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients (P < .001) was the highest in NSCLC patients.The plasma Fbg concentration is related to gender, CS, and tumor markers in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin-Yu Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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14
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Abstract
Point-of-care medical devices offer the potential for rapid biomarker detection and reporting of medical conditions, thereby bypassing the requirements for offline clinical laboratory facilities in many cases. Label-free electrochemical techniques are suitable for use in handheld diagnostic devices due the inherent electronic detection modality and low requirement for processing reagents. While electrochemical impedance sensing is widely used in tissue analysis such as body composition measurement, its use in point-of-care patient testing is yet to be widely adopted. Here we have considered a number of issues currently limiting the translation of electrochemical impedance sensing into clinical biosensor devices. Specifically, we have addressed the current requirement for these sensors to be connected to an external processor by applying a minimum number of frequencies required for optimized biomarker detection, and subsequently delivering analytics within the measurement device. The POISED-5 device was evaluated using a sensor for the ovarian cancer biomarker cancer antigen 125 (CA125), demonstrating performance comparable to standard laboratory equipment, with direct interpretation of response signal amplitude substituting traditional impedance component calculation and model fitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Anne Sawhney
- Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
- Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
| | - R. S. Conlan
- Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
- Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP UK
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15
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Liu Q, Fu M, Yang F, Liang W, Yang C, Zhu W, Ma L, Zhao C. Application of Six Sigma for evaluating the analytical quality of tumor marker assays. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 33:e22682. [PMID: 30280434 PMCID: PMC6585744 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The results of detection assays for the same specimen are usually quite different in different laboratories or when tested with different detection systems. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the value of applying sigma metrics derived from different standards for allowable total error (TEa) in evaluating the analytical quality of tumor marker assays. METHODS Assays were evaluated for these six tumor markers: total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153). Sigma values were calculated for two concentrations of quality control products to assess differences in quality of tumor marker assays. Improvement measures were recommended according to the quality goal index, and appropriate quality control rules were selected according to the sigma value. RESULTS The sigma value was highest using the higher biological variation-derived "appropriate" TEa standard: it was sigma ≥6 or higher in 16.7% of tumor markers. Sigma was below 6 for all tumor markers using the other three TEa. CEA, AFP, CA199, CA125, and CA153 required improved precision. The marker tPSA required improve precision and accuracy. According to sigma values by using China's external quality assessment standards, CEA, AFP, CA125, and CA153 require 13s /22s /R4s /41s multirules for internal quality control, CA199 requires use of 13s /22s /R4s /41s /8x multirules, and tPSA requires maximum quality control rules. CONCLUSION Six Sigma is useful for evaluating performance of tumor markers assays and has important application value in the quality control of these assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Medicine LaboratoryThe Second People's Hospital of LianyungangLianyungangChina
| | - Mei Fu
- Department of Medicine LaboratoryThe Second People's Hospital of LianyungangLianyungangChina
| | - Fumeng Yang
- Department of Medicine LaboratoryThe Second People's Hospital of LianyungangLianyungangChina
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Medicine LaboratoryThe Second People's Hospital of LianyungangLianyungangChina
| | - Chuanxi Yang
- Department of CardiologyJiangsu Province Hospital, Medical School of Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wenjun Zhu
- Department of Medicine LaboratoryThe Second People's Hospital of LianyungangLianyungangChina
| | - Liming Ma
- Department of Medicine LaboratoryThe Second People's Hospital of LianyungangLianyungangChina
| | - Changxin Zhao
- Department of Medicine LaboratoryThe Second People's Hospital of LianyungangLianyungangChina
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16
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Ma L, Zhang L, Zhuang Y, Ding Y, Chen J. A rare case report of ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor with massive ascites as the first sign, and review of literature: Case report and review of literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e10916. [PMID: 29923976 PMCID: PMC6023667 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Massive ascites as the first sign of ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) in an adolescent is an extremely rare, and its clinical features and treatment methods have not been well described. PATIENT CONCERNS The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment methods in a 19-year-old girl who presented with massive abdominal distention and ascites was retrospectively reviewed. Abdominopelvic ultrasonography showed a large amount of ascites. The nature of ascites was exudate. All tumor markers were normal, but ascites and serum tumor CA125 levels were significantly increased. Abdominal CT showed left attachment area teratoma and right attachment area capsule solid change. DIAGNOSES Histological and immunohistochemical results were compatible with JGCT. Based on the FIGO classification, the patient with only malignant ascites was categorized into stage IC. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent mass resection with salpingoophorectomy. Following the operation, she received 6 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy with Nedaplatin and Paclitaxel liposome. OUTCOMES The patient was followed up postoperatively for 6 months to date without recurrence. LESSONS We should be highly vigilant the JGCT with massive ascites as the first clinical manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second People's Hospital of Changzhou, Affiliate Hospital of NanJing medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Zhuang
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Yanbo Ding
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Jianping Chen
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
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17
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Abstract
Aims and background This report retrospectively analyzes 9 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer with persistent retroperitoneal metastasis after intraperitoneal surgery (without systematic lymphadenectomy) and chemotherapy. Methods All 9 patients were diagnosed as FIGO stage I to IV at the time of primary surgery. They received combined postoperative chemotherapy (8 cases with a cisplatin-based regimen and 1 with adriamycin and endoxan). They were submitted to pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy at the National Cancer Institute of Milan during the period 1990-1994. Results All patients presented no evidence of disease in the abdominal cavity but retroperitoneal metastasis, which was the unique metastatic site. Chemotherapy was administered as adjuvant therapy after lymphadenectomy. Six patients were free of disease for 14 to 61 months. One patient with vaginal recurrence at the 18th month was treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but died of widespread disease 25 months after lymphadenectomy. Two patients with massive positive lymph nodes died of brain and lung metastasis 20 and 6 months later, respectively. Conclusions We conclude that retroperitoneal metastasis may be the only site of persistent disease and that systematic lymphadenectomy technically feasible in this situation to increase the opportunity for local disease control and to obtain a good result.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lupi
- Surgical Gynecologic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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18
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Abstract
Aims and Background Cells and soluble mediators obtained from tumor effusions are useful in evaluating the tumor microenvironment. Our aim was to examine cytologically and to quantify the leukocyte infiltrate, nitric oxide, cytokines and tumor markers in the intracystic fluid from patients with a cystic adnexal mass, for a possible differentiation between benign and malignant findings. Methods and Study Design Sixty-six women who had their cystic fluids collected were prospectively divided into benign tumor (22, 33.3%), malignant tumor (10, 15.2%) or other gynecological alterations (34, 51.5%). Cytology, total and differential leukocyte counts were determined by light microscopy. Tumor markers, cytokines and nitric oxide were assayed in the supernatants using the Immutile system, ELISA and Griess reaction, respectively. Results The sensitivity and specificity of the cytological analysis was 66.7% and 97.7%, respectively. The levels of CA 19.9, CA 15.3, α-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, progesterone and β-HCG were significantly higher in the benign and/or malignant group than in the other gynecological alterations. Also, the local concentrations of CA 15.3 and β-HCG were significantly higher in malignant than in benign tumors. In malignant tumors, increased leukocyte counts and higher concentrations of IL-6, IL-10 and nitric oxide were detected than in benign tumors or other gynecological alterations. Conclusions In malignant tumors, the microenvironment could be differentiated from benign tumors or other gynecological alterations by cystic fluid analysis.
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19
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Oltrogge JB, Baum RP, Lema KN, Donnerstag B, Hör G. How to Overcome the Disturbing Effects of Human Anti-Mouse Antibodies (Hama) on in Vitro Assays. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 12:15-7. [PMID: 9176712 DOI: 10.1177/172460089701200103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) is a common immune response in patients with ovarian carcinoma after repeated injections of murine anti-CA 125 monoclonal antibodies for immunoscintigraphy. As a tumor marker with significant diagnostic value CA 125 is routinely measured in the follow-up of tumor patients by immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) based on murine anti-CA 125 monoclonal antibodies. HAMA may cause false-positive findings in a CA 125-IRMA. In this report our group demonstrates a simple way of eliminating HAMA by protein A/G affinity chromatography allowing the reliable detection of the tumor marker CA 125 in the serum of patients with ovarian carcinoma.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/blood
- Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/chemistry
- Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/blood
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/chemistry
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/immunology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/therapeutic use
- CA-125 Antigen/analysis
- CA-125 Antigen/immunology
- CA-125 Antigen/therapeutic use
- Chromatography, Affinity
- False Positive Reactions
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Immunoradiometric Assay/methods
- Mice
- Ovarian Neoplasms/blood
- Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Oltrogge
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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20
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Donnerstag B, Baum RP, Oltrogge JB, Hertel A, Hör G. A Preliminary Study on the Functional Analysis of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ovarian Cancer Patients Developing Hama after Immunoscintigraphy. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 9:115-20. [PMID: 7930762 DOI: 10.1177/172460089400900209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the follow-up of ovarian cancer patients, rising levels of the tumor-associated antigen CA 125 are an indication for immunoscintigraphy. Human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) are frequently found after immunoscintigraphy with murine MAb directed against CA 125. Since we observed that patients developing high HAMA-levels in serum remained free of tumor or had stable disease, we examined the cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by a fluorescence-based assay. Our results demonstrate that PBLs of patients with high anti-idiotypic antibodies show an increased cytotoxic activity (by a factor of 4) compared to those of patients with low HAMA levels. The clinical course of the patients after the first injection of murine monoclonal antibody was observed over a period of 1 to 3 years. Improvement or deterioration of patients ‘ clinical condition corresponded with the results obtained by functional analysis. Further investigations concerning the course of cytotoxic activity in HAMA-positive patients will have to clarify HAMA's role in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Donnerstag
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Medical Center, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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21
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Ammon A, Weber MH, Wallner I, Marschner N, Droese M, Gröne HJ, Hiddemann W. Expression of the Tumor-Associated Glycoproteins Mca, Ca 125 and Bw 495/36-P in Epithelial Tumors of the Kidney and the Urinary Bladder. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 9:224-30. [PMID: 7836800 DOI: 10.1177/172460089400900404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The differential expression of the tumor-associated glycoproteins MCA, CA 125 and BW 495/36-P was investigated in 11 renal cell carcinomas and 11 urinary bladder carcinomas and compared with their expression in non-neoplastic tissue preparations from the kidney (n = 9) and urinary bladder (n = 12). The glycoproteins were demonstrated immunohistologically in frozen sections and additionally, in some cases, in paraffin sections. MCA and BW 495/36-P positive cells were present in all preparations except for a grade I transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, in which no MCA-expression could be detected. In the non-neoplastic renal tissue mainly the cells of the distal tubuli were stained by the antibodies against these two glycoproteins. Carcinoma cells of the kidney and of the urinary bladder showed an increased expression of both epitopes. CA 125, in comparison, was strongly expressed in 3 of the 11 urinary bladder carcinomas investigated but could only be shown in a few cells of a single renal cell carcinoma. Normal renal tissue showed no and the urinary bladder only very isolated CA 125 positive epithelial cells. Apart from this distribution, strong staining of the connective tissue fibers with CA 125 antibody was seen in all paraffin sections, but not in the frozen sections. This leads to the supposition that in these structures there is a CA 125 cryptantigen. The consistent expression of MCA as well as the virtual lack of CA 125 in the renal cell carcinomas are in contrast with our previous serological results, in which patients with metastatic renal cell carcinomas showed increased CA 125 in approx. 50% of cases whereas only approx. 20% had increased MCA serum levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ammon
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Göttingen, Germany
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22
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Abstract
CA 125 is not a specific tumor marker, and is synthesized by normal and malignant cells of different origin (mainly in tissues derived from the müllerian epithelia) in a similar proportion. Abnormal CA 125 levels may be found in fluids of different origin (ascites, pleura, pericardium, amniotic fluid, cyst fluid, bronchoalveolar fluid, etc.) and in serum from patients with these fluids. Differences in serum CA 125 found in malignant or benign diseases may be related to the number of cells that synthesize the marker, and are highly dependent on the access to serum, where the marker is normally determined. Moreover, CA 125 is a very good tumor marker in ovarian and lung cancer. The sensitivity of CA 125 in ovarian cancer is related to stage (40–95%), histological type (lower levels in mucinous adenocarcinoma), and the marker is useful in the early detection of recurrence (sensitivity 80%) and in therapy monitoring. It's sensitivity in lung cancer is lower than in ovarian cancer, 39% in locoregional malignancies and 69% in metastastatic disease, but clearly related to stage and histology (mainly in adenocarcinomas and large cell lung cancer) and it is useful in prognosis and disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Molina
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Cancer Unit, Division of Pulmonary Diseases, School of Medicine, Bareclona-Spain
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23
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Abstract
In 1997 CA 125 celebrated its 15th anniversary. Since the discovery of OC 125, an antibody that recognizes CA 125, by Bob Bast and his colleagues, considerable progress has been made toward the development of more sensitive and more precise assay systems. However, a great deal of mystery still remains about the CA 125 molecule and further enlightenment will probably not come until the gene for CA 125 is cloned and the complete open reading frame for the peptide core identified. In the meantime, we have learned some structural features of the CA 125 molecule as well as a little about its regulation and the requirements for its secretion or release from epithelial derived cells in cultures. The CA 125 molecule is almost certainly a glycoprotein with a predominance of O-linkages. It is heterogeneous with regard to both size and charge, most likely due to continuous deglycosylation of side chains during its life-span in bodily fluids. It exists as a very large complex (perhaps as much as 4 million daltons) under natural conditions. The core CA 125 subunit is in excess of 200,000 daltons and it retains the capacity to bind both OC 125 class antibodies and M 11 class antibodies. As a denatured purified subspecies the CA 125 molecule appears to autoproteolyse presumably due to an endogenous protease activity inherent to the molecule. Release or secretion of CA 125 appears directly linked to the epithelial growth factor receptor signal transduction pathway. Prior to its release from cultured cells, CA 125 is phosphorylated (at either/both serine and threonine) and dephosphorylated when released. To stimulate discussion on the regulation of CA 125 synthesis, its secretion and its structural configuration, we have presented a model of a theoretical CA 125 molecule. Perhaps it will provide a focus of attention until the CA 125 gene is cloned and the real molecule is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J O'Brien
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyoto University, Japan
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24
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Abstract
CA 125 has two main immunogenic areas reactive with mouse and rat monoclonal antibodies. These areas are defined by the antibodies OC 125 and M11, respectively. Antibodies related to the main groups are named OC 125-like and M 11-like antibodies. The OC 125-like antibodies can be subgrouped into four sets, whereas the M 11-like antibodies segregate into many closely related binding specificities. One M 11-like antibody, ZR38, is not fully inhibited by any other M 11-like antibody and therefore represents a distinct subgroup. A single antibody, OV 197, is related to some OC 125-like antibodies, but not to OC 125. However, OC 125 enhances binding of OV 197 to its epitope. A new antibody, 7C 12, induces conformation changes, affecting binding of some M 11-like and some OC 125-like antibodies. CA 125 exists as very large molecules that can be partly disrupted by SDS and heat. The form found in serum might be a degradation product from a larger molecule found in the abdominal and other serous cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nustad
- Central Laboratory, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo-Norway
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25
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Abstract
The objectives of this study were the determination of CA 125 in the cytosol of healthy and carcinomatous ovarian tissue by immunoanalysis, analysis of its correlation with the biological characteristics of ovarian carcinoma, determination of serum CA 125 levels, and study of the prognostic value of the marker in cytosol. The levels of the marker depend not only on the tumor's production rate, so its determination in tissue can indicate more accurately if the tumor is a producer of the marker and establish its value for the prognosis of the disease. Determination of CA 125 in tissue was performed by immunoanalysis in 50 ovarian epithelial cancer samples, 13 benign pathology samples and 32 healthy ovary samples. The presurgical serum level of the marker was also obtained. The correlation between the CA 125 level in the cytosol and the different biological characteristics of the ovarian carcinoma, the serum levels of the marker and survival were analyzed. The CA 125 level proved to be higher in malignant tissue (p<0.0001). There was a significant association between the tissue marker and histological type (high CA 125 was associated with serous and endometrioid tumors) and between the marker and survival. No relation with stage was found. There was a correlation between the CA 125 level in the cytosol and serum, both variables being dependent, with a correlation coefficient of 0.44. This good correlation speaks in favor of the usefulness of CA 125 determination in serum in the follow-up of ovarian cancer. Tumors having high tissue expression of CA 125 were found to have a double relative risk of death, independently of tumor stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- R de la Cuesta
- Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
RATIONALE Adnexal torsion is 1 of the most common emergency gynecological disease. It is more often diagnosed in reproductive age, but rarely in postmenopausal women. The clinical symptoms of adnexal torsion are nonspecific in postmenopausal women. Epithelial ovarian tumors are common in adults, and the risk of malignancy increases with age, especially after menopause. So, it is difficult to diagnose adnexal torsion precisely compared with reproductive women, and most cases of adnexal torsion with postmenopausal women are diagnosed as a malignancy preoperatively. We report a case of ovarian torsion with mixed epithelial tumor misdiagnosed as a malignancy in postmenopausal woman. PATIENT CONCERNS A 65-year-old woman presented lower left abdominal pain, and there was slight abdominal distension, but no tenderness or rebound tenderness on abdominal palpation. DIAGNOSES Radiologic assessments showed a huge multiseptated cystic mass with solid portion in the left ovary, and malignancy was suspected. The test for serum tumor markers revealed normal levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA-125). INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent a laparotomy and there was torsion of the left ovary. We conducted frozen biopsy of left ovary for confirming malignancy before performing staging surgery. OUTCOMES The result of a frozen section biopsy confirmed a borderline Brenner tumor associated with a benign mucinous tumor. Subsequently, total hysterectomy and right salpingo-oophorectomy were performed. The operation was completed without addition procedures LESSONS:: Ovarian torsion is benign in most cases and malignancy is rare. Although very rare, ovarian torsion can occur in postmenopausal women, and it should be taken into consideration that the possibility of malignancy is low in postmenopausal women with normal CA-125 levels. Instead of performing staging surgery, it appears to be appropriate to carry out surgery based on the result of intraoperative frozen section biopsy so that we were able to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures.
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Yates JA, Collis OA, Sueblinvong T, Collis TK. Red Snappers and Red Herrings: Pelvic Tuberculosis Causing Elevated CA 125 and Mimicking Advanced Ovarian Cancer. A Case Report and Literature Review. Hawaii J Med Public Health 2017; 76:220-224. [PMID: 28808611 PMCID: PMC5551276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a form of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis that has been primarily described in developing countries, where it is an important cause of infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and miscarriage. FGTB is rare in the United States and because its clinical presentation is non-specific and often insidious, FGTB may be misdiagnosed as a gynecologic malignancy or endometriosis. The tendency of tuberculosis to dramatically increase serum CA 125 levels contributes to the potential for FGTB to be mistaken for ovarian cancer in particular. We describe the case of a young woman who presented with what was initially thought to be advanced ovarian cancer but who had tuberculosis of the peritoneum, uterus, and ovaries discovered at laparotomy. This case emphasizes the importance of considering tuberculosis in the differential of any patient presenting with an abdomino-pelvic mass and an elevated CA 125 level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia Ann Collis
- Hawai'i Permanente Medical Group, Travel Medicine, Honolulu, HI (JY)
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Guo JN, Li H, Hu ZD, Liang EL, Chang JW. [Clinicopathological features of primary seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma: A report of 4 cases and review of the literature]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 2017; 23:639-645. [PMID: 29723459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of primary seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma (SVAC). METHODS We analyzed the clinical data and clinicopathological characteristics of 4 cases of primary SVAC treated in the Department of Urology of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University and reviewed relevant literature. RESULTS All the 4 patients were treated by open radical resection of the seminal vesicle and prostate and pathologically diagnosed with SVAC. Preoperative prostatic biopsy had shown 1 of the cases to be negative, while preoperative CT and transrectal ultrasound had revealed a huge pelvic cystic neoplasm in another patient. Immunohistochemistry manifested that the 4 cases were all negative for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and cytokeratin 20 (CK20), but positive for cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and CK7. All the patients recovered smoothly after surgery and experienced no recurrence or metastasis during 154, 41, 20, and 12 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Primary seminal vesicle carcinoma is extremely rare and presents in an advanced stage. Immunohistochemistry plays a valuable role in its differential diagnosis. Various combinations of radical surgery, radiotherapy, androgen-deprivation therapy, and chemotherapy are recommended for the treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ning Guo
- Tianjin Research Institute of Urology / Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Tumor Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Zhan-Dong Hu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - En-Li Liang
- Tianjin Research Institute of Urology / Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ji-Wu Chang
- Tianjin Research Institute of Urology / Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
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龚 时, 陈 咏, 张 雅, 姚 威, 陈 莉, 刘 士, 吴 焕. [Diagnostic value of CA125, HE4 and Copenhagen Index in differentiating benign from malignant epithelial ovarian tumors]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2017; 37:628-632. [PMID: 28539285 PMCID: PMC6780478 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.05.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze diagnostic value of Copenhagen Index based on pretreatment serum CA125, HE4 and age in differentiating benign and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors. METHODS The clinical data were analyzed for 208 consecutive patients with epithelial ovarian tumors (including 100 with malignant and 108 with benign tumors) treated in our department between September, 2014 and September, 2016. The receiver-operating characteristic curve was drawn based on the golden standard of pathological diagnosis for calculation of the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of CA125, HE4 and the Copenhagen Index. RESULTS In the overall cases, early stage cases and advanced stage cases, the prediction probabilities of CA125, HE4 and Copenhagen Index were all significantly higher for malignant than in benign tumors (P<0.001). The sensitivities of CA125, HE4, Copenhagen Index for differentiating benign and malignant tumors were 81.0%, 86.0% and 91.0% in the overall cases, 64.0%, 68.0% and 72.0% in early stage cases, and 86.7%, 92.0% and 97.3% in advanced stage cases, and their diagnostic specificities were 88.0%, 93.5% and 96.3%, respectively. Copenhagen Index had the highest diagnostic sensitivity (but not in early stage cases) and specificity followed by HE4 and then by CA125 (P<0.001) (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Copenhagen Index combined with CA125, HE4 and age hase better diagnostic value than HE4 or CA125 alone for differentiation between benign and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors, and can be used clinically to improve the early diagnostic rate of epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- 时鹏 龚
- 南方医科大学南方医院 妇产科,广东 广州 510515Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 咏宁 陈
- 南方医科大学南方医院 妇产科,广东 广州 510515Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 雅迪 张
- 南方医科大学南方医院 妇产科,广东 广州 510515Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 威 姚
- 南方医科大学南方医院 妇产科,广东 广州 510515Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 莉 陈
- 南方医科大学南方医院 PET 中心,广东 广州 510515PET Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 士三 刘
- 南方医科大学南方医院 妇产科,广东 广州 510515Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 焕 吴
- 重庆医科大学附属第二医院妇产科,重庆 400010Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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Dilley J, Gentry-Maharaj A, Menon U. Gynecological surveillance in high risk women. Minerva Ginecol 2016; 68:497-508. [PMID: 26930388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In high-risk women, risk reducing surgery remains the cornerstone of prevention. However, the resulting premature menopause has led to continued efforts to develop effective screening strategies for those who wish to delay or avoid surgery. This review describes how the screening of women at risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer has evolved to its current state. Serial monitoring of CA125 is core to ovarian cancer screening and most recent studies have used the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm (ROCA) to interpret CA125 profile. The additional use of a second tumour marker, HE4, is reviewed. The results to date of key ovarian cancer screening studies in high-risk women are summarised ahead of their concluding findings due later in 2016. The role of both ultrasound and endometrial sampling in the management of women at increased risk of endometrial cancer is outlined. Exciting new methodology, which could help shape the future of screening is investigated. The article summarises the current recommendations and guidelines from recognised international bodies to aid the clinician with management of these women.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Dilley
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Women's Cancer, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, London, UK -
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Santoro F, Ferraretti A, Musaico F, Di Martino L, Tarantino N, Ieva R, Di Biase M, Brunetti ND. Carbohydrate-antigen-125 levels predict hospital stay duration and adverse events at long-term follow-up in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Intern Emerg Med 2016; 11:687-94. [PMID: 26832351 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-016-1393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible role of carbohydrate-antigen(CA)-125 as prognostic marker at short- and long-term follow-up, in subjects with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC). Sixty-three consecutive subjects with TTC were enrolled in the study and followed for a median 139 days. Circulating levels of CA-125, NT-proBNP, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were evaluated at admission. Duration of hospital stay, incidence of death, re-hospitalization and recurrence of TTC during follow-up were recorded. The mean hospital stay was 8.3 days, adverse events occurred during follow up in 17 % of cases. CA-125 levels at admission are inversely related to LVEF (r -0.30, p < 0.05) and directly related to hospital stay (r 0.29, p < 0.05). CA-125 levels at admission are higher in subjects with adverse events at follow-up (88.9 ± 200.0 vs 20.9 ± 30.0 U/mL, p < 0.05). Rates of incidence of adverse events are proportionally increased with CA-125 tertiles (0, 6, 11 % respectively, p for trend <0.01), at survival analysis (Log Rank p < 0.05) and after correction for age, gender, LVEF and NT-proBNP levels in multivariable Cox analysis (p < 0.05). CA-125 levels <10 U/ml are predictors of adverse events at follow up with 91 % sensitivity, 52 % specificity, 29 % positive predictive power, and 96 % negative predictive power. Increased CA-125 admission levels are associated with a longer hospital stay, a lower LVEF, and a higher risk of adverse events during follow up. CA-125 might be useful for early risk stratification of subjects with TTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Santoro
- Cardiology Department, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto n.1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Armando Ferraretti
- Cardiology Department, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto n.1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Musaico
- Cardiology Department, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto n.1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Martino
- Cardiology Department, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto n.1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Nicola Tarantino
- Cardiology Department, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto n.1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ieva
- Cardiology Department, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto n.1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
| | - Matteo Di Biase
- Cardiology Department, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto n.1, 71100, Foggia, Italy
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Calis P, Yuce K, Basaran D, Salman C. Assessment of Cervicovaginal Cancer Antigen 125 Levels: A Preliminary Study for Endometrial Cancer Screening. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2016; 81:518-522. [PMID: 26871687 DOI: 10.1159/000444321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM We primarily aimed to compare the levels of serum and cervicovaginal cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) in women with and without endometrial carcinoma in order to reveal whether cervicovaginal CA 125 could be used as a non-invasive method. METHODS A preliminary case-control study was designed. The study group consisted of patients who were operated for endometrial adenocarcinoma or endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia. The control group consisted of patients who underwent surgery for benign gynecological diseases. Serum and cervicovaginal secretions were immediately collected before surgery to compare levels of CA 125. RESULTS The mean cervicovaginal CA 125 levels in patients with endometrial cancer and controls were 1,598.1 ± 1,691.1 versus 947.0 ± 1,282.7 U/ml, respectively (p = 0.016). Whereas area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.62 for serum CA 125, it was 0.68 for cervicovaginal CA 125. The optimal threshold of CA 125 in cervicovaginal secretion was calculated to be 575 U/ml, which detected endometrial precancer or cancer with sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 57%. The positive and negative predictive values for this threshold were 38.7 and 88.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, detection of CA 125 in cervicovaginal secretion has a potential role for the non-invasive screening of endometrial precancers and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Calis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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33
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Kornovski J, Ismail E, Stoilov S, Ivanov S. [The role of laparoscopy in the case of suspected advanced ovarian cancer (ascites, CA-125)]]. Akush Ginekol (Sofiia) 2016; 55 Suppl 1 Pt 1:29-37. [PMID: 27514168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Pannu D, Malik S, Shamsunder S, Bhatnagar A. Ascites and Adnexal Mass with Raised CA125: How Arduous can be the Path of Diagnosis. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2016; 54:36-39. [PMID: 27935910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascites, adnexal mass and elevated CA125 levels almost always suggest advanced ovarian carcinoma. We present a case of a 37 years old multiparous lady who presented with such a classical picture. Radiological picture was suggestive of ovarian carcinoma with peritoneal metastasis. However, ascitic fluid cytology was negative for malignant cells. A differential diagnosis of tubercular mass was made. Ascitic fluid was sent for adenosine deaminase test that was negative. Fine needle aspiration cytology failed to reveal any sufficient sample for evaluation. Open laparotomy and biopsy was done that showed granulomas suggestive of tuberculosis. Category one anti tubercular treatment was started and symptoms resolved within one month.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pannu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - S Malik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - S Shamsunder
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - A Bhatnagar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Terzi H, Kale E, Kale A, Turkay U, Chong GO, Lee YS. New method: Are tumor markers in vaginal-washing fluid significant in the diagnosis of primary ovarian carcinoma? EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2015. [PMID: 26513883 DOI: 10.12892/ejgo2743.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer in women worldwide, with nearly a quarter of a million women diagnosed every year. The serum tumor markers cancer antigens CA 125, CA 19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are potentially of clinical value for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. A diagnostic tool that is noninvasive, simple to perform, and specific is needed to predict primary ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic sensivitity and specificity of vaginal-washing tumor markers CA 125, CA 19-9, and CEA for diagnosis of primary ovarian cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current prospective study, 30 patients with advanced primary ovarian cancer and 30 patients with benign ovarian cysts were enrolled. The vaginal-washing fluid samples were obtained the day before surgery and were immediately centrifuged and stored at -80 degrees C until analysis. Measurements of CA 125, CA 19-9, and CEA were determined using fully-automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays. RESULTS The vaginal fluid concentrations of CA 125, CA 19-9, and CEA in patients with primary ovarian carcinoma were significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to those in patients with benign adnexal masses (p < 0.001). In the ROC curve analysis, the optimal cut-off values for the detection of primary ovarian cancer were >295 for CA 125 (p < 0.001), > 101 for CA 19-9 (p < 0.001), and >135 for CEA (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Vaginal-washing tumor markers CA 125, CA 19-9, and CEA are simple, noninvasive, and reliable diagnostic tests for the detection of primary ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Sundar
- Pan Birmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, and School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Richard D Neal
- North Wales Centre for Primary Care Research, Bangor University, Wales, UK
| | - Sean Kehoe
- Pan Birmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, and School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Usala SJ, Biggs WC, O'Brien-Usala F. Vaginal Swab Levels of CA125 Are Related to Time of Cycle in Ovulatory Women. A Pilot Study. J Reprod Med 2015; 60:287-293. [PMID: 26380486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an assay for vaginal CA125 and determine if vaginal levels correlate with the phase of the menstrual cycle. STUDY DESIGN Fifteen women through a total of 20 ovulatory cycles obtained daily vaginal swabs for assay. Sampling began within the first 3 days after menses in and continued into the luteal phase. The subjects eluted the cotton swab tips in vials containing a standard volume of water. At the completion of each cycle the vial concentrations of CA125 were measured with the Siemens IMMULITE 2000. These "Qvaginal" levels of CA125 were indexed to the first day of positive urine luteinizing hormone signal, day 0. RESULTS Qvaginal CA125 levels ranged from background (< 1 U/mL) to 5,740 U/mL and followed a periodic pattern: low during the early preovulatory phase, a maximum generally during day -4 to day +1, and low during the luteal phase. Qvaginal CA125 levels during the interval of presumptive fertility, day -4 to day +1, were statistically higher than levels during the preovulatory interval ending at day -5 and the postovulatory interval starting at day +2 (p value < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The vaginal swab assay for CA125 can potentially track the phase of the ovulatory cycle and therefore may have applications for fertility awareness and diagnosis of reproductive disorders.
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Armand H, Hristamian V. [BENIGN OVARIAN PATHOLOGY FINDINGS IN PRE-OPERATIVE AND INTRA-OPERATIVE SIGNS SUGGESTIVE OF MALIGNANCY--CASE SERIES]. Akush Ginekol (Sofiia) 2015; 54:48-55. [PMID: 26137781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Case 1--22 year old patient with dense permagnum adult teratoma, ascites, ipsilateral hydro-ureter and hydro-nephrosis, elevated C -125 level a pseudo- military peritoneal spread. Case 2--19 -year old patient with endometrial kystoma, originating at the uterine fundus with with elevated C-125 levels. Case 3--22 year old patient with monstrous tecoma permagnum, ascites and concomitant pleural effusions as in Meigs syndrome. Case 4--66 year old patient, multiparous with granular cell tumor, recurrent uterine bleeds and endometrial poliposis, with ambiguous C-125 level and congenital uterus bicornis bicolis anomaly. Cases are presented in chronological order, with detailed description and accompanying abundant photo images.
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Almeida BGDL, Bacchi CE, Carvalho JP, Ferreira CR, Carvalho FM. The role of intratumoral lymphovascular density in distinguishing primary from secondary mucinous ovarian tumors. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2014; 69:660-5. [PMID: 25518016 PMCID: PMC4221329 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2014(10)02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian mucinous metastases commonly present as the first sign of the disease and are capable of simulating primary tumors. Our aim was to investigate the role of intratumoral lymphatic vascular density together with other surgical-pathological features in distinguishing primary from secondary mucinous ovarian tumors. METHODS A total of 124 cases of mucinous tumors in the ovary (63 primary and 61 metastatic) were compared according to their clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical profiles. The intratumoral lymphatic vascular density was quantified by counting the number of vessels stained by the D2-40 antibody. RESULTS Metastases occurred in older patients and were associated with a higher proportion of tumors smaller than 10.0 cm; bilaterality; extensive necrosis; extraovarian extension; increased expression of cytokeratin 20, CDX2, CA19.9 and MUC2; and decreased expression of cytokeratin 7, CA125 and MUC5AC. The lymphatic vascular density was increased among primary tumors. However, after multivariate analysis, the best predictors of a secondary tumor were a size of 10.0 cm or less, bilaterality and cytokeratin 7 negativity. Lack of MUC2 expression was an important factor excluding metastasis. CONCLUSIONS The higher intratumoral lymphatic vascular density in primary tumors when compared with secondary lesions suggests differences in the microenvironment. However, considering the differential diagnosis, the best discriminator of a secondary tumor is the combination of tumor size, laterality and the pattern of expression of cytokeratin 7 and MUC2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos E Bacchi
- Botucatu - Consultoria em Patologia, Laboratório Bacchi, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Jesus P Carvalho
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Filomena M Carvalho
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Bilen MA, Reyes A, Bhowmick D, Maa A, Bast R, Pisters LL, Lin SH, Logothetis CJ, Tu SM. Variant prostate carcinoma and elevated serum CA-125. Can J Urol 2014; 21:7442-7448. [PMID: 25347368 PMCID: PMC4400850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION About 10% of tumors derived from nongynecologic, noncoelomic tissues react with the OC125 antibody. Some patients with advanced prostate cancer were found to have elevated serum CA-125 level. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the clinical history of 11 patients with castration resistant prostate cancer and an elevated serum CA-125 level. Pathological review and immunohistochemical staining were performed on tumors from eight of these patients. RESULTS Patients with advanced prostate cancer and an elevated serum CA-125 level responded to androgen ablative therapy (median duration, 27 months). They were predisposed to develop persistent or recurrent urinary symptoms and visceral metastases. Eight of 11 patients had a low or undetectable serum prostate-specific antigen level (≤ 4 ng/mL) or an elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen level (> 6 ng/mL). In 3 of 7 patients whose specimens were available for further review, the tumors contained histologic features compatible with a diagnosis of ductal or endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the prostate. CONCLUSIONS Patients with prostate cancer and an elevated serum CA-125 level have unique clinical and pathologic characteristics. Some of these patients possess tumors compatible with a subtype of prostate cancer known as ductal adenocarcinoma. Additional studies need to be performed to elucidate the biologic basis of the various subtypes of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Asim Bilen
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Adriana Reyes
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Deb Bhowmick
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Caroline, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - April Maa
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Robert Bast
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Louis L. Pisters
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Sue-Hwa Lin
- Department of Translational Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Christopher J. Logothetis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Shi-Ming Tu
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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41
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Yoon HE, Chang YK, Shin SJ, Choi BS, Kim BS, Park CW, Song HC, Yoon SA, Jin DC, Kim YS. Benefits of a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) technique with one icodextrin-containing and two biocompatible glucose-containing dialysates for preservation of residual renal function and biocompatibility in incident CAPD patients. J Korean Med Sci 2014; 29:1217-25. [PMID: 25246739 PMCID: PMC4168174 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.9.1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In a prospective randomized controlled study, the efficacy and safety of a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) technique has been evaluated using one icodextrin-containing and two glucose-containing dialysates a day. Eighty incident CAPD patients were randomized to two groups; GLU group continuously using four glucose-containing dialysates (n=39) and ICO group using one icodextrin-containing and two glucose-containing dialysates (n=41). Variables related to residual renal function (RRF), metabolic and fluid control, dialysis adequacy, and dialysate effluent cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured. The GLU group showed a significant decrease in mean renal urea and creatinine clearance (-Δ1.2 ± 2.9 mL/min/1.73 m(2), P=0.027) and urine volume (-Δ363.6 ± 543.0 mL/day, P=0.001) during 12 months, but the ICO group did not (-Δ0.5 ± 2.7 mL/min/1.73 m(2), P=0.266; -Δ108.6 ± 543.3 mL/day, P=0.246). Peritoneal glucose absorption and dialysate calorie load were significantly lower in the ICO group than the GLU group. The dialysate CA125 and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the ICO group than the GLU group. Dialysis adequacy, β2-microglobulin clearance and blood pressure did not differ between the two groups. The CAPD technique using one icodextrin-containing and two glucose-containing dialysates tends to better preserve RRF and is more biocompatible, with similar dialysis adequacy compared to that using four glucose-containing dialysates in incident CAPD patients. [Clincal Trial Registry, ISRCTN23727549].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Eun Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Joon Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum Soon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Whee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Cheol Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ae Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Chan Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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42
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Abstract
Subjective and objective evidence suggest that a third to half of patients developing ovarian cancer report symptoms at 3 or more months prior to diagnosis. Early ovarian cancer-associated symptoms constitute a constellation of mostly nongynecological complaints, suggesting a visceral disturbance, which do not point immediately to a pelvic origin. Abdominal bloating and pain predominate with recent onset and multiple symptomatic episodes. Gastrointestinal and urinary symptoms and fatigue/malaise may be part of the symptom complex. Women aged 50 years and older with this constellation of symptoms should have medical evaluation and, if symptoms are unexplained or persist, should undergo pelvic imaging (e.g., transvaginal ultrasound) and serum CA125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd H Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, 4860 Y Street, Suite 2500 Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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43
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Su HW, Lee YH, Lee MJ, Hsu YC, Lee W. Label-free immunodetection of the cancer biomarker CA125 using high-Δn liquid crystals. J Biomed Opt 2014; 19:077006. [PMID: 25055056 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.7.077006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A label-free and array-based optical liquid-crystal (LC) immunodetection technique for the detection of CA125 antigen, a protein biomarker most frequently used for ovarian cancer detection, was demonstrated with a nematic LC with larger birefringence (Δn) to promote sensitivity in detecting biomolecules. The LC-based immunodetection offers an alternative and sensitive approach for the detection of biomarker proteins, with the potential of replacing conventional immunoassays used in biochemical studies and clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Su
- National Chiao Tung University, College of Photonics, Tainan 71150, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Han Lee
- National Chiao Tung University, College of Photonics, Tainan 71150, Taiwan
| | - Mon-Juan Lee
- Chang Jung Christian University, Department of Bioscience Technology, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiang Hsu
- Chang Jung Christian University, Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
| | - Wei Lee
- National Chiao Tung University, College of Photonics, Tainan 71150, Taiwan
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44
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Abstract
An enzyme-linked immunoassay based on dual signal transduction mechanisms has been developed for detection of ovarian cancer biomarker CA125. The immunoassay uses a nanoelectrode array (NEA) chip and absorbance methods for the dual detection. The NEA is used to confirm the optical detection of CA125 that is carried out in a high-binding 96-well plate. An alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzyme was used to label the detection antibody to allow for both the optical and electrochemical detection of CA125. Two kinds of substrates were catalyzed by the AP enzyme. para-Nitrophenylphosphate (PNPP) produces chromogenic para-nitrophenol (PNP), which can be optically detected at 405 nm. para-Aminophenylphosphate (PAPP) produces electroactive para-aminophenol (PAP), which can be detected amperometrically between -0.1 and 0.3 V. The linear ranges have been determined to be 5-1000 U mL(-1) and 5-1000 U mL(-1) for the optical and electrochemical immunoassays, respectively. The limit of detection of the optical immunoassay is 1.3 U mL(-1) and 40 U mL(-1) for the optical and electrochemical methods, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Al-Ogaidi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6106, USA
| | | | - Savan Suri
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6106, USA
| | - Honglei Gou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6106, USA
| | - Nianqiang Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6106, USA
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45
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Yamada A, Sugimoto K, Matuno K, Tutui M, Yahata Y, Tsukune Y, Koike M, Komatsu N. [Primary pleural of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2013; 54:463-467. [PMID: 23727685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A 68-year-old female presented with shortness of breath. Chest radiography showed pleural effusion in the right side only. She was suspected of having ovarian cancer because CA125 levels were increased in the pleural effusion, and she consulted our hospital. A chest CT scan showed right pleural nodular lesions. Thoracoscopic pleural resection was performed. Histologic examination of a biopsy specimen showed the diffuse infiltration of small∼medium, mature lymphocytes. These lymphocytes were found to be positive for CD20 and CD79a, but negative for CD3 by immunohistochemistry. These results were interpreted as being consistent with a diagnosis of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT lymphoma). She commenced chemotherapy with R-CHOP, and the pleural effusion disappeared. MALT lymphoma arising in the pleura is very rare, with only 12 published cases, and most cases have been described in Japan. CA125 levels correlated with the stage, tumor bulk, and presence of effusion. This patient exhibited a high level of CA125 that decreased with therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- CA-125 Antigen/analysis
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Female
- Humans
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/complications
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone/drug therapy
- Membrane Proteins/analysis
- Pleural Effusion/drug therapy
- Pleural Effusion/etiology
- Pleural Neoplasms/complications
- Pleural Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Pleural Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Prednisone/administration & dosage
- Rituximab
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Vincristine/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Yamada
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital
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46
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El Khoury Moreno R, Dominguez Molinero JF, Rodríguez Rincón JP, Coterón Ochoa P, Coronil Belloso P, Gómez Velázquez M. Elevation of Ca 125 in a patient with giant congenital hydronephrosis. ARCH ESP UROL 2013; 66:234-236. [PMID: 23589602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report a new case with elevation of Ca 125 and hydronephrotic kidney without neoplastic disease, having special reference to clinical aspects. METHOD The clinical history, anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings are described. We performed a bibliographic review. We report the case of a 27 year-old female with the diagnosis of giant hydronephrosis and Ca125 elevation (313 u/ml hydronephrotic kidney urine and 112.3 u/ml serum). RESULT She underwent a radical nephrectomy and Ca125 levels decreased. After 9 years the patient did not have any neoplastic disease and Ca125 levels are normal. CONCLUSIONS The Ca125 rise with hydronephrotic kidney may be usual although there are not enough studies. We think that in patients with hydronephrotic kidney and malignant neoplasm the Ca125 antigen can lose sensitivity for the early diagnosis, staging and follow up of the malignant diseases.
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47
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Diamandis EP, Bast RC, Gold P, Chu TM, Magnani JL. Reflection on the discovery of carcinoembryonic antigen, prostate-specific antigen, and cancer antigens CA125 and CA19-9. Clin Chem 2013; 59:22-31. [PMID: 23204222 PMCID: PMC3983776 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2012.187047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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48
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Yıldırım M, Suren D, Yıldız M, Alikanoglu AS, Kaya V, Doluoglu SG, Aydın O, Yılmaz N, Sezer C, Karaca M. Tumour markers in peritoneal washing fluid - contribution to cytology. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:1027-1030. [PMID: 23621180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal washing cytology (PWC) that shows the microscopic intra-peritoneal spread of gynaecologic cancers is not used in staging but is known as prognostic factor and effective in planning the intensity of the therapy. False negative or false positive results clearly affect the ability to make the best decision for therapy. In this study we assessed levels of tumour markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9), in peritoneal washing fluid to establish any possible contribution to the peritoneal washing cytology in patients operated for gynaecologic cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preoperative tumour markers were studied in serum of blood samples obtained from the patients for preoperative evaluation of a gynaecologic operation. In the same group peritoneal tumour markers were studied in the washing fluid obtained for intraoperative cytological evaluation. RESULTS This study included a total of 94 patients, 62 with malignant and 32 with benign histopathology. The sensitivity of the cytological examination was found to be 21% with a specificity of 100%. When evaluated with CEA the sensitivity of the cytological examination has increased to 37%. CONCLUSIONS In addition to examination of PWC, the level of CEA, a tumour marker, in peritoneal washing fluid can make a diagnostic contribution. Determining the level of CEA in peritoneal washing fluid will be useful in the management of gynaecologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yıldırım
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ministry of Health Batman Regional Govermant Hospital, Batman, Turkey
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49
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Cossu A, Paliogiannis P, Capobianco G, Sini MC, Dessole M, Dessole S, Palmieri G. Immunoreactivity for Ca 125 and INI 1 loss of expression are useful markers in the diagnosis of vulvar proximal-type epithelioid sarcomas: report of two cases. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2013; 34:469-472. [PMID: 24475586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Epithelioid sarcomas (ES) are rare soft tissue tumours of obscure histogenesis. Diagnosis is often difficult as specific morphological and immunohistochemical patterns do not exist. Two distinct clinico-pathological entities have been identified: the classic or distal type and the proximal type. Recently, immunohistochemical detection of Ca 125 was described in ES, as well as loss of INI 1 expression. The authors describe in this paper the morphological and immunohistochemical features of two cases of proximal ES of the vulva. Immunoreactivity for Ca 125 and loss of INI 1 expression were present in both cases. These results confirm previous observations in Asian reports showing that these markers can be used as immunohistochemical markers for the diagnostic assessment of ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cossu
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical, and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - P Paliogiannis
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical, and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - G Capobianco
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical, and Medical Sciences, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - M C Sini
- lnstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Cancer Genetics Unit, C.N.R., Sarsari, Sassari, Italy
| | - M Dessole
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical, and Medical Sciences, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - S Dessole
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical, and Medical Sciences, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - G Palmieri
- lnstitute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Cancer Genetics Unit, C.N.R., Sarsari, Sassari, Italy
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50
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You M, Liu W, Xu ZS, Song LH. [Preparation, identification and application of monoclonal antibody against matrix metalloproteinases-2]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2012; 28:1177-1181. [PMID: 23127409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To prepare and characterize monoclonal antibodies against matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), check its expression in the tissues of human ovarian cancer and transplanted tumors in nude mice. METHODS MMP-2 were linked to the carrier protein bovine serumalbumin (BSA) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) using glutaraldehyde method to obtain MMP-2-BSA and MMP-2-KLH, respectively. The anti-MMP-2 monoclonal antibody was obtained through hybridoma technique. We established the cell strains secreting mAb by hybridoma technique and prepared the mAb by induction of ascites in vivo. The prepared mAb was purified by salting out with ammonium sulfate and identified by ELISA and Western blotting. We compared the mAb and commercial polyclonal antibody by immunohistochemistry and detected the expressions of MMP-2 and CA125 in ovarian cancer issues and transplanted tumor. RESULTS The artificial antigen and 3 hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against MMP-2 were obtained. The subclasses of mAb were all IgG1. The titer of peritoneal exudates was 1:1×10(6);. The expressions of MMP-2 and CA125 in transplanted tumor and ovarian cancer tissues were all high. The positive expression rate of MMP-2 checked using generated antibody was 71.2%(57/80) in ovarian cancer tissues and 16.67% (5/30) in normal tissues, with significant difference between them (P<0.01). In early stage, the positive rate of MMP-2 and CA125 combined detection was higher than that of CA125 detection alone (P<0.01). The mAb was suitable for detecting the expression of MMP-2 in human tissues and gave results consistent with commercial polyclonal antibody. The mAb was more specific than commercial mAb (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The anti-human MMP-2 mAb is successfully prepared, which may serve as a valuable tool in the functionaI studies of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu You
- Department of Medicine, Huainan Union University, Huainan, China
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