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Fujimoto S, Fujimaki K, Suzuki T, Katsuma S, Iwanaga M. Expression and localization of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus GP37. Virus Genes 2023; 59:457-463. [PMID: 36913065 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-01983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in intracellular energy metabolism. This study described the involvement of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) GP37 (BmGP37) in host mitochondria. Herein, the proteins associated with host mitochondria isolated from BmNPV-infected or mock-infected cells by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were compared. One mitochondria-associated protein in virus-infected cells was identified as BmGP37 by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Furthermore, the BmGP37 antibodies were generated, which could react specifically with BmGP37 in the BmNPV-infected BmN cells. Western blot experiments showed that BmGP37 was expressed at 18 h post-infection and was verified as a mitochondria-associated protein. Immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that BmGP37 localized to the host mitochondria during BmNPV infection. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that BmGP37 is a novel component protein of the occlusion-derived virus (ODV) of BmNPV. The present results indicated that BmGP37 is one of the ODV-associated proteins and may have important roles in host mitochondria during BmNPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Fujimoto
- Department of Agrobiology and Bioresources, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Mine-Machi 350, Utsunomiya-Shi, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Kaito Fujimaki
- Department of Agrobiology and Bioresources, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Mine-Machi 350, Utsunomiya-Shi, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Suzuki
- Center of Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Mine-Machi 350, Utsunomiya-Shi, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Susumu Katsuma
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Masashi Iwanaga
- Department of Agrobiology and Bioresources, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Mine-Machi 350, Utsunomiya-Shi, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan.
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Vandhana TM, Reyre JL, Sushmaa D, Berrin JG, Bissaro B, Madhuprakash J. On the expansion of biological functions of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:2380-2396. [PMID: 34918344 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) constitute an enigmatic class of enzymes, the discovery of which has opened up a new arena of riveting research. LPMOs can oxidatively cleave the glycosidic bonds found in carbohydrate polymers enabling the depolymerisation of recalcitrant biomasses, such as cellulose or chitin. While most studies have so far mainly explored the role of LPMOs in a (plant) biomass conversion context, alternative roles and paradigms begin to emerge. In the present review, we propose a historical perspective of LPMO research providing a succinct overview of the major achievements of LPMO research over the past decade. This journey through LPMOs landscape leads us to dive into the emerging biological functions of LPMOs and LPMO-like proteins. We notably highlight roles in fungal and oomycete plant pathogenesis (e.g. potato late blight), but also in mutualistic/commensalism symbiosis (e.g. ectomycorrhizae). We further present the potential importance of LPMOs in other microbial pathogenesis including diseases caused by bacteria (e.g. pneumonia), fungi (e.g. human meningitis), oomycetes and viruses (e.g. entomopox), as well as in (micro)organism development (including several plant pests). Our assessment of the literature leads to the formulation of outstanding questions, promising for the coming years exciting research and discoveries on these moonlighting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theruvothu Madathil Vandhana
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Jean-Lou Reyre
- INRAE, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix Marseille University, 13009, Marseille, France
- IFP Energies Nouvelles, 1 et 4 avenue de Bois-Préau, 92852, Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - Dangudubiyyam Sushmaa
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Jean-Guy Berrin
- INRAE, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix Marseille University, 13009, Marseille, France
| | - Bastien Bissaro
- INRAE, UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix Marseille University, 13009, Marseille, France
| | - Jogi Madhuprakash
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India
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Abstract
In nature, insects face a constant threat of infection by numerous exogeneous viruses, and their intestinal tracts are the predominant ports of entry. Insects can acquire these viruses orally during either blood feeding by hematophagous insects or sap sucking and foliage feeding by insect herbivores. However, the insect intestinal tract forms several physical and immunological barriers to defend against viral invasion, including cell intrinsic antiviral immunity, the peritrophic matrix and the mucin layer, and local symbiotic microorganisms. Whether an infection can be successfully established in the intestinal tract depends on the complex interactions between viruses and those barriers. In this review, we summarize recent progress on virus-intestinal tract interplay in insects, in which various underlying mechanisms derived from nutritional status, dynamics of symbiotic microorganisms, and virus-encoded components play intricate roles in the regulation of virus invasion in the intestinal tract, either directly or indirectly. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Virology, Volume 8 is September 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhao Ma
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Yibin Zhu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; .,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China.,Institute of Pathogenic Organisms, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ziwen Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Taiyun Wei
- Vector-Borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Penghua Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
| | - Gong Cheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; .,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China.,Institute of Pathogenic Organisms, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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Xi Y, Xing L, Wennmann JT, Fan J, Li Z, Wu Q, Lu S, Liu B, Guo J, Qiao X, Huang C, Qian W, Jehle JA, Wan F. Gene expression patterns of Cydia pomonella granulovirus in codling moth larvae revealed by RNAseq analysis. Virology 2021; 558:110-118. [PMID: 33756423 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) has been used as a biological control agent of codling moth (Cydia pomonella), a severe global pest on pome fruit. Despite the economic importance, our knowledge of its molecular biology is still limited and a detailed picture of its gene expression is still missing. Here, we sequenced the transcriptome of codling moth larvae infected with the Mexican isolate CpGV-M and analyzed the expression of viral genes at 12, 48, and 96 h post infection (hpi). The results showed that two genes (p6.9 and pp31/39K) related to DNA binding of virus production, were highly expressed at 48 and 96 hpi. From 48 to 96 hpi, the expression of genes associated with virus replication and dissemination decreased, whereas the expression of genes related to infectious virion production and per os infectivity increased. This study provides a comprehensive view of CpGV gene expression patterns in host larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xi
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China; Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Longsheng Xing
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Jörg T Wennmann
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jiangbin Fan
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Zaiyuan Li
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Sha Lu
- College of Plant Health & Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Jianyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xi Qiao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Wanqiang Qian
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
| | - Johannes A Jehle
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biological Control, Heinrichstraße 243, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Fanghao Wan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China; College of Plant Health & Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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5
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Sosa-Gómez DR, Morgado FS, Corrêa RFT, Silva LA, Ardisson-Araújo DMP, Rodrigues BMP, Oliveira EE, Aguiar RWS, Ribeiro BM. Entomopathogenic Viruses in the Neotropics: Current Status and Recently Discovered Species. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:315-331. [PMID: 32358711 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The market for biological control of insect pests in the world and in Brazil has grown in recent years due to the unwanted ecological and human health impacts of chemical insecticides. Therefore, research on biological control agents for pest management has also increased. For instance, insect viruses have been used to protect crops and forests around the world for decades. Among insect viruses, the baculoviruses are the most studied and used viral biocontrol agent. More than 700 species of insects have been found to be naturally infected by baculoviruses, with 90% isolated from lepidopteran insects. In this review, some basic aspects of baculovirus infection in vivo and in vitro infection, gene content, viral replication will be discussed. Furthermore, we provide examples of the use of insect viruses for biological pest control and recently characterized baculoviruses in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Sosa-Gómez
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - F S Morgado
- Depto de Biologia Celular, Univ of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - R F T Corrêa
- Depto de Biotecnologia, Univ Federal de Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, Brasil
| | - L A Silva
- Depto de Biologia Celular, Univ of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - D M P Ardisson-Araújo
- Depto de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Univ Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - B M P Rodrigues
- Depto de Biologia Celular, Univ of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - E E Oliveira
- Depto de Entomologia, Univ Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - R W S Aguiar
- Depto de Biotecnologia, Univ Federal de Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, Brasil
| | - B M Ribeiro
- Depto de Biologia Celular, Univ of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
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Lei C, Yang S, Lei W, Nyamwasa I, Hu J, Sun X. Displaying enhancing factors on the surface of occlusion bodies improves the insecticidal efficacy of a baculovirus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1363-1370. [PMID: 31605411 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baculoviruses provide long-lasting control of crop pests and are harmless to humans and non-target animals, making them attractive bioinsecticides. Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) has a wide-host range and is one such commercial bioinsecticide, but its low infectivity to older larvae and less-sensitive species precludes its large-scale application. We sought to improve the infectivity of AcMNPV. RESULTS Two enhancing factors, the truncated enhancin from Agrotis segetum granulovirus and GP37 from Cydia pomonella granulovirus, were expressed in fusion with the N-terminal and middle domain of the polyhedrin envelope protein of AcMNPV. Western blotting and immunoelectron microscopy analysis indicated that the enhancing factors were expressed on the occlusion bodies of the resulting AcMNPV variants. Bioassays showed that the median lethal doses of the recombinant viruses were 3.9-fold to 7.4-fold lower than those of the wild-type virus against the second and fourth instar of Spodoptera exigua larvae. The yields of occlusion bodies from the two recombinants in S. exigua larvae were comparable with those of the wild-type virus both in vitro and in vivo. Further bioassays showed that the AcMNPV variants fusing the enhancing factors were incapable of infecting the second instar larvae of S. litura, Helicoverpa armigera, and Pyrausta nubilalis, which were not sensitive to the wild-type AcMNPV. CONCLUSION These genetically modified AcMNPV variants exhibited an enhanced infectivity and may offer better baculovirus control of crop pests. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Lei
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shili Yang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxiao Lei
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Innocent Nyamwasa
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiulian Sun
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Erlandson MA, Toprak U, Hegedus DD. Role of the peritrophic matrix in insect-pathogen interactions. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 117:103894. [PMID: 31175854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.103894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The peritrophic matrix (PM) is an acellular chitin and glycoprotein layer that lines the invertebrate midgut. The PM has long been considered a physical as well as a biochemical barrier, protecting the midgut epithelium from abrasive food particles, digestive enzymes and pathogens infectious per os. This short review will focus on the latter function, as a barrier to pathogens infectious per os. We focus on the evidence confirming the role of the PM as protective barrier against pathogenic microorganisms of insects, mainly bacteria and viruses, as well as the evolution of a variety of mechanisms used by pathogens to overcome the PM barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Erlandson
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Umut Toprak
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dwayne D Hegedus
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Food and Bioproduct Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Liu X, Fang W, Fan R, Zhang L, Lei C, Zhang J, Nian W, Dou T, An S, Zhou L, Sun X. Granulovirus GP37 Facilitated ODVs Cross Insect Peritrophic Membranes and Fuse with Epithelia. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E145. [PMID: 30836616 PMCID: PMC6468389 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11030145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) GP37 has synergistic effects on the infectivity of nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs), however, the mechanism employed is unclear. In this study, in vitro and in vivo binding assays indicated that GP37 efficiently bound to the midgut peritrophic membrane (PM) of Spodoptera exigua larvae. Treatment with GP37 led to the damage of the PM's compacted structure and the generation of the PM perforations, and the enhancement of the PM's permeability. qPCR results further demonstrated that GP37 increased the ability of occlusion-derived virions (ODV) to cross the PM. R18-labeling experiments exhibited that GP37 also promoted the fusion of ODVs and insect midgut epithelia. Altogether, our present results revealed that the synergistic mechanism of GP37 to the infectivity of NPV might involve two parts. GP37 damaged the integrity of the PM after binding, which enhanced the PM's permeability and increased the ability of ODVs to cross the PM, finally facilitating the ODVs reaching the midgut. In addition, GP37 promoted the fusion of ODVs and insect midgut epithelia. Our data expand the understanding of the mechanism used by baculovirus synergistic factors and provide a foundation for the development of high-efficiency baculoviral insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Wei Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Rui Fan
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Linna Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Chengfeng Lei
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Wenkai Nian
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Tao Dou
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Shiheng An
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Lin Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Xiulian Sun
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Mitsuhashi W, Shimura S, Miyamoto K, Sugimoto TN. Spatial distribution of orally administered viral fusolin protein in the insect midgut and possible synergism between fusolin and digestive proteases to disrupt the midgut peritrophic matrix. Arch Virol 2018; 164:17-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-4013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Improving Baculovirus Infectivity by Efficiently Embedding Enhancing Factors into Occlusion Bodies. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.00595-17. [PMID: 28500037 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00595-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The relatively low infectivity of baculoviruses to their host larvae limits their use as insecticidal agents on a larger scale. In the present study, a novel strategy was developed to efficiently embed foreign proteins into Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) occlusion bodies (OBs) to achieve stable expression of foreign proteins and to improve viral infectivity. A recombinant AcMNPV bacmid was constructed by expressing the 150-amino-acid (aa) N-terminal segment of polyhedrin under the control of the p10 promoter and the remaining C-terminal 95-aa segment under the control of the polyhedrin promoter. The recombinant virus formed OBs in Spodoptera frugiperda 9 cells, in which the occlusion-derived viruses were embedded in a manner similar to that for wild-type AcMNPV. Next, the 95-aa polyhedrin C terminus was fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein, and the recombinant AcMNPV formed fluorescent green OBs and was stably passaged in vitro and in vivo The AcMNPV recombinants were further modified by fusing truncated Agrotis segetum granulovirus enhancin or truncated Cydia pomonella granulovirus ORF13 (GP37) to the C-terminal 95 aa of polyhedrin, and both recombinants were able to form normal OBs. Bioactivity assays indicated that the median lethal concentrations of these two AcMNPV recombinants were 3- to 5-fold lower than that of the control virus. These results suggest that embedding enhancing factors in baculovirus OBs by use of this novel technique may promote efficient and stable foreign protein expression and significantly improve baculovirus infectivity.IMPORTANCE Baculoviruses have been used as bioinsecticides for over 40 years, but their relatively low infectivity to their host larvae limits their use on a larger scale. It has been reported that it is possible to improve baculovirus infectivity by packaging enhancing factors within baculovirus occlusion bodies (OBs); however, so far, the packaging efficiency has been low. In this article, we describe a novel strategy for efficiently embedding foreign proteins into AcMNPV OBs by expressing N- and C-terminal (dimidiate) polyhedrin fragments (150 and 95 amino acids, respectively) as fusions to foreign proteins under the control of the p10 and polyhedrin promoters, respectively. When this strategy was used to embed an enhancing factor (enhancin or GP37) into the baculovirus OBs, 3- to 5-fold increases in baculoviral infectivity were observed. This novel strategy has the potential to create an efficient protein expression system and a highly efficient virus-based system for insecticide production in the future.
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The Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus ac110 gene encodes a new per os infectivity factor. Virus Res 2016; 221:30-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Han G, Li C, Liu Q, Xu J. Synergistic Effect of Combining Plutella xylostella Granulovirus and Bacillus thuringiensis at Sublethal Dosages on Controlling of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 108:2184-2191. [PMID: 26453707 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plutella xylostella granulovirus (PxGV) and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are both entomo-pathogens to the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). The purpose of the present study was to measure the effect of the combination of PxGV and Bt at sublethal dosages on the development and mortality of diamondback moth in a laboratory setting. Bt and PxGV exhibited synergistic effect on diamondback moth larval mortality and effectively controlled diamondback moth populations with low dose combination treatment. The combination of three parts per million Bt and 1.3 × 10(3) occlusion bodies per milliliter of PxGV revealed a higher larval mortality compared with the treatment of Bt or PxGV alone. Combination of Bt and PxGV at sublethal concentrations also increased larval duration, reduced oviposition and decreased adult longevity remarkably, resulting in the lowest population trend index among the treatments. The results suggested that the combination of Bt and PxGV at sublethal dosages might provide a valuable way to improve the control efficacy of diamondback moth compared with treatment of Bt or PxGV alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Han
- Jiangsu Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225008, P. R. China. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanming Li
- Jiangsu Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225008, P. R. China. College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Qin Liu
- Jiangsu Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225008, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Jiangsu Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225008, P. R. China.
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13
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Feng D, Chen Z, Wang Z, Zhang C, He K, Guo S. Domain III of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ie Toxin Plays an Important Role in Binding to Peritrophic Membrane of Asian Corn Borer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136430. [PMID: 26295704 PMCID: PMC4546665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The insecticidal IE648 toxin is a truncated Cry1Ie protein with increased toxicity against Asian corn borer (ACB). Cry toxins are pore-forming toxins that disrupt insect midgut cells to kill the larvae. However, the peritrophic membrane (PM) is an important barrier that Cry toxins must cross before binding to midgut cells. Previously, it was shown that Cry toxins are able to bind and accumulate in the PM of several lepidopteran insects. Binding of IE648 toxin to PM of ACB was previously reported and the goal of the current work was the identification of the binding region between Cry1Ie and the PM of ACB. Homologous competition binding assays showed that this interaction was specific. Heterologous competition binding assays performed with different fragments corresponding to domain I, domain II and domain III allowed us to identify that domain III participates in the interaction of IE648 with the PM. Specifically, peptide D3-L8 (corresponding to Cry1Ie toxin residues 607 to 616), located in an exposed loop region of domain III is probably involved in this interaction. Ligand blot assays show that IE648 interact with chitin and PM proteins with sizes of 30, 32 and 80 kDa. The fact that domain III interacts with proteins of similar molecular masses supports that this region of the toxin might be involved in PM interaction. These data provide for the first time the identification of domain III as a putative binding region between PM and 3D-Cry toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Feng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlu Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Kanglai He
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyuan Guo
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Zhang X, Liang Z, Yin X, Shao X. Proteomic analysis of the occlusion-derived virus of Clostera anachoreta granulovirus. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:2394-2404. [PMID: 25872743 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, proteomic studies have been performed on occlusion-derived viruses (ODVs) from five members of the family Baculoviridae, genus Alphabaculovirus, but only a single member of the genus Betabaculovirus (Pieris rapae granulovirus). In this study, LC-MS/MS was used to analyse the ODV proteins of Clostera anachoreta granulovirus (ClanGV), another member of the genus Betabaculovirus. The results indicated that 73 proteins, including the products of 27 baculovirus core genes, were present in ClanGV ODVs. This is the largest number of ODV proteins identified in baculoviruses to date. To the best of our knowledge, 24 of these proteins were newly identified as ODV-associated proteins. Twelve of the proteins were shared by all seven of the other baculoviruses that have been analysed by proteomic techniques, including P49, PIF-2, ODV-EC43, P74, P6.9, P33, VP39, ODV-EC27, VP91, GP41, VLF-1 and VP1054. ClanGV shared between 20 and 36 ODV proteins with each of the other six baculoviruses that have been analysed by proteomics. Ten proteins were identified only as ODV components of ClanGV and PrGV: Clan22, Clan27, Clan69, Clan83, Clan84, Clan90, Clan116, Clan94, FGF-3 and ME53, the first seven of which were encoded by betabaculovirus-specific genes. These findings may provide novel insights into baculovirus structure as well as reveal similarities and differences between alphabaculoviruses and betabaculoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Zhenpu Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Xinming Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
| | - Xinfeng Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China
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Yang M, Huang C, Qian DD, Li LL. Functional characterization of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus gp16 ( ac130 ). Virology 2014; 464-465:341-352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mitsuhashi W, Asano S, Miyamoto K, Wada S. Further research on the biological function of inclusion bodies of Anomala cuprea entomopoxvirus, with special reference to the effect on the insecticidal activity of a Bacillus thuringiensis formulation. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2014; 70:46-54. [PMID: 23424042 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Entomopoxviruses (EVs) form two types of inclusion body: spheroids, which contain virions, and spindles, which do not. The authors tested whether the spindles from a coleopteran EV, Anomala cuprea EV (ACEV), enhanced the insecticidal activity of a commercial Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) formulation and the susceptibility of scarabaeid pest species in Japan to the virus's spheroids, to assess whether ACEV inclusion bodies are potential biological control agents for pest insects. RESULTS Peroral inoculation with both ACEV spindles and the Bt toxin only or the complete Bt formulation shortened the survival and increased the mortality of treated insects compared with those of insects inoculated with Bt without the spindles (8-38 h of decrease in LT50 values among assays). ACEV showed high infectivity to a major scarabaeid pest species in Japanese sugar cane fields. CONCLUSION The results suggest that spindles or the constituent protein fusolin can be used as a coagent with Bt formulations, and that fusolin coexpression with a Bt toxin in crops might improve the insecticidal efficacy. In addition, the spheroids are potential biocontrol agents for some scarabaeid pests that are not easy to control because of their underground habitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Mitsuhashi
- National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Salvador R, Ferrelli ML, Berretta MF, Mitsuhashi W, Biedma ME, Romanowski V, Sciocco-Cap A. Analysis of EpapGV gp37 gene reveals a close relationship between granulovirus and entomopoxvirus. Virus Genes 2012; 45:610-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s11262-012-0800-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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