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Torkashvand N, Kamyab H, Shahverdi AR, Khoshayand MR, Karimi Tarshizi MA, Sepehrizadeh Z. Characterization and genome analysis of a broad host range lytic phage vB_SenS_TUMS_E19 against Salmonella enterica and its efficiency evaluation in the liquid egg. Can J Microbiol 2024; 70:358-369. [PMID: 38990097 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2024-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovars are zoonotic bacterial that cause foodborne enteritis. Due to bacteria's antibiotic resistance, using bacteriophages for biocontrol and treatment is a new therapeutic approach. In this study, we isolated, characterized, and analyzed the genome of vB_SenS_TUMS_E19 (E19), a broad host range Salmonella bacteriophage, and evaluated the influence of E19 on liquid eggs infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the isolated bacteriophage had a siphovirus morphotype. E19 showed rapid adsorption (92% in 5 min), a short latent period (18 min), a large burst size (156 PFU per cell), and a broad host range against different Salmonella enterica serovars. Whole-genome sequencing analysis indicated that the isolated phage had a 42 813 bp long genome with 49.8% G + C content. Neither tRNA genes nor those associated with antibiotic resistance, virulence factors, or lysogenic formation were detected in the genome. The efficacy of E19 was evaluated in liquid eggs inoculated with S. Enteritidis at 4 and 25 °C, and results showed that it could effectively eradicate S. Enteritidis in just 30 min and prevented its growth up to 72 h. Our findings indicate that E19 can be an alternative to a preservative to control Salmonella in food samples and help prevent and treat salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Torkashvand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Kamyab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Shahverdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khoshayand
- Department of Food and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zargham Sepehrizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Sun X, Xue F, Cong C, Murtaza B, Wang L, Li X, Li S, Xu Y. Characterization of two virulent Salmonella phages and transient application in egg, meat and lettuce safety. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114607. [PMID: 38945617 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella, a prominent foodborne pathogen, has posed enduring challenges to the advancement of food safety and global public health. The escalating concern over antibiotic misuse, resulting in the excessive presence of drug residues in animal-derived food products, necessitates urgent exploration of alternative strategies for Salmonella control. Bacteriophages emerge as promising green biocontrol agents against pathogenic bacteria. This study delineates the identification of two novel virulent Salmonella phages, namely phage vB_SalS_ABTNLsp11241 (referred to as sp11241) and phage 8-19 (referred to as 8-19). Both phages exhibited efficient infectivity against Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (SE). Furthermore, this study evaluated the effectiveness of two phages to control SE in three different foods (whole chicken eggs, raw chicken meat, and lettuce) at different MOIs (1, 100, and 10000) at 4°C. It's worth noting that sp11241 and 8-19 achieved complete elimination of SE on eggs after 3 h and 6 h at MOI = 100, and after 2 h and 5 h at MOI = 10000, respectively. After 12 h of treatment with sp11241, a maximum reduction of 3.17 log10 CFU/mL in SE was achieved on raw chicken meat, and a maximum reduction of 3.00 log10 CFU/mL was achieved on lettuce. Phage 8-19 has the same effect on lettuce as sp11241, but is slightly less effective than sp11241 on chicken meat (a maximum 2.69 log10 CFU/mL reduction). In conclusion, sp11241 and 8-19 exhibit considerable potential for controlling Salmonella contamination in food at a low temperature and represent viable candidates as green antibacterial agents for food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoWen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fan Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Cong Cong
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bilal Murtaza
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian 116620, China
| | - LiLi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116600, China
| | - XiaoYu Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116600, China
| | - ShuYing Li
- Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian 116620, China
| | - YongPing Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian 116620, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116600, China.
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3
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Bhandare S, Lawal OU, Colavecchio A, Cadieux B, Zahirovich-Jovich Y, Zhong Z, Tompkins E, Amitrano M, Kukavica-Ibrulj I, Boyle B, Wang S, Levesque RC, Delaquis P, Danyluk M, Goodridge L. Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of Salmonella enterica Bacteriophages Identifies Two Novel Phage Species. Microorganisms 2024; 12:695. [PMID: 38674639 PMCID: PMC11052255 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are potential alternatives to chemical antimicrobials against pathogens of public health significance. Understanding the diversity and host specificity of phages is important for developing effective phage biocontrol approaches. Here, we assessed the host range, morphology, and genetic diversity of eight Salmonella enterica phages isolated from a wastewater treatment plant. The host range analysis revealed that six out of eight phages lysed more than 81% of the 43 Salmonella enterica isolates tested. The genomic sequences of all phages were determined. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data revealed that phage genome sizes ranged from 41 to 114 kb, with GC contents between 39.9 and 50.0%. Two of the phages SB13 and SB28 represent new species, Epseptimavirus SB13 and genera Macdonaldcampvirus, respectively, as designated by the International Committee for the Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) using genome-based taxonomic classification. One phage (SB18) belonged to the Myoviridae morphotype while the remaining phages belonged to the Siphoviridae morphotype. The gene content analyses showed that none of the phages possessed virulence, toxin, antibiotic resistance, type I-VI toxin-antitoxin modules, or lysogeny genes. Three (SB3, SB15, and SB18) out of the eight phages possessed tailspike proteins. Whole-genome-based phylogeny of the eight phages with their 113 homologs revealed three clusters A, B, and C and seven subclusters (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, C1, and C2). While cluster C1 phages were predominantly isolated from animal sources, cluster B contained phages from both wastewater and animal sources. The broad host range of these phages highlights their potential use for controlling the presence of S. enterica in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Bhandare
- Food Safety and Quality Program, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada or (S.B.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Opeyemi U. Lawal
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Anna Colavecchio
- Food Safety and Quality Program, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada or (S.B.)
| | - Brigitte Cadieux
- Food Safety and Quality Program, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada or (S.B.)
| | - Yella Zahirovich-Jovich
- Food Safety and Quality Program, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada or (S.B.)
| | - Zeyan Zhong
- Food Safety and Quality Program, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada or (S.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Tompkins
- Food Safety and Quality Program, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada or (S.B.)
| | - Margot Amitrano
- Food Safety and Quality Program, Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada or (S.B.)
| | - Irena Kukavica-Ibrulj
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (IBIS), Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (R.C.L.)
| | - Brian Boyle
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (IBIS), Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (R.C.L.)
| | - Siyun Wang
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
| | - Roger C. Levesque
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (IBIS), Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada (R.C.L.)
| | - Pascal Delaquis
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z0, Canada
| | - Michelle Danyluk
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Lawrence Goodridge
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
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Torkashvand N, Kamyab H, Shahverdi AR, Khoshayand MR, Sepehrizadeh Z. Isolation, characterization, and genome analysis of a broad host range Salmonella phage vB_SenS_TUMS_E4: a candidate bacteriophage for biocontrol. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1493-1503. [PMID: 37097546 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella enteritidis is one of the most important foodborne pathogens that cause numerous outbreaks worldwide. Some strains of Salmonella have become progressively resistant to antibiotics, so they could represent a critical threat to public health and have led to the use of alternative therapeutic approaches like phage therapy. In this study, a lytic phage, vB_SenS_TUMS_E4 (E4), was isolated from poultry effluent and characterized to evaluate its potential and efficacy for bio-controlling S. enteritidis in foods. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that E4 has a siphovirus morphotype, with an isometric head and non-contractile tail. Determining the host range showed that this phage can effectively infect different motile as well as non-motile Salmonella enterica serovars. The biological characteristics of E4 showed that it has a short latent period of about 15 min and a large burst size of 287 PFU/cell, and is also significantly stable in a broad range of pHs and temperatures. The E4 whole genome contains 43,018 bp and encodes 60 coding sequences (CDSs) but no tRNA genes. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the genome of E4 lacks any genes related to lysogeny behavior, antibiotic resistance, toxins, or virulence factors. The efficacy of phage E4 as a bio-control agent was assessed in various foodstuffs inoculated with S. enteritidis at 4°C and 25°C, and the resulting data indicated that it could eradicate S. enteritidis after a very short time of 15 min. The findings of the present study showed that E4 is a hopeful candidate as a bio-control agent against S. enteritidis and has the potential to be used in various foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Torkashvand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, PO Box 14155-6451, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Kamyab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, PO Box 14155-6451, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Shahverdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, PO Box 14155-6451, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khoshayand
- Department of Food and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zargham Sepehrizadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, PO Box 14155-6451, Iran.
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5
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Vasquez I, Retamales J, Parra B, Machimbirike V, Robeson J, Santander J. Comparative Genomics of a Polyvalent Escherichia-Salmonella Phage fp01 and In Silico Analysis of Its Receptor Binding Protein and Conserved Enterobacteriaceae Phage Receptor. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020379. [PMID: 36851593 PMCID: PMC9961651 DOI: 10.3390/v15020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The polyvalent bacteriophage fp01, isolated from wastewater in Valparaiso, Chile, was described to have lytic activity across bacterial species, including Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovars. Due to its polyvalent nature, the bacteriophage fp01 has potential applications in the biomedical, food and agricultural industries. Also, fundamental aspects of polyvalent bacteriophage biology are unknown. In this study, we sequenced and described the complete genome of the polyvalent phage fp01 (MH745368.2) using long- (MinION, Nanopore) and short-reads (MiSeq, Illumina) sequencing. The bacteriophage fp01 genome has 109,515 bp, double-stranded DNA with an average G+C content of 39%, and 158 coding sequences (CDSs). Phage fp01 has genes with high similarity to Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Shigella sp. phages. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the phage fp01 is a new Tequintavirus fp01 specie. Receptor binding protein gp108 was identified as potentially responsible for fp01 polyvalent characteristics, which binds to conserved amino acid regions of the FhuA receptor of Enterobacteriaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Vasquez
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Julio Retamales
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de las Américas, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Barbara Parra
- Subdepartment of Molecular Genetics, Public Health Institute of Chile, Santiago 9140000, Chile
| | - Vimbai Machimbirike
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - James Robeson
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2370000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (J.S.)
| | - Javier Santander
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (J.S.)
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6
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Ge H, Lin C, Xu Y, Hu M, Xu Z, Geng S, Jiao X, Chen X. A phage for the controlling of Salmonella in poultry and reducing biofilms. Vet Microbiol 2022; 269:109432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Rodea M GE, González-Villalobos E, Medina-Contreras O, Castelán-Sánchez HG, Aguilar-Rodea P, Velázquez-Guadarrama N, Hernández-Chiñas U, Eslava-Campos CA, Balcázar JL, Molina-López J. Genomic characterization of two bacteriophages (vB_EcoS-phiEc3 and vB_EcoS-phiEc4) belonging to the genus Kagunavirus with lytic activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Microb Pathog 2022; 165:105494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kuźmińska-Bajor M, Śliwka P, Ugorski M, Korzeniowski P, Skaradzińska A, Kuczkowski M, Narajaczyk M, Wieliczko A, Kolenda R. Genomic and functional characterization of five novel Salmonella-targeting bacteriophages. Virol J 2021; 18:183. [PMID: 34496915 PMCID: PMC8425127 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The host-unrestricted, non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) and the serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) are major causative agents of food-borne gastroenteritis, and the host-restricted Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) is responsible for fowl typhoid. Increasing drug resistance in Salmonella contributes to the reduction of effective therapeutic and/or preventive options. Bacteriophages appear to be promising antibacterial tools, able to combat infectious diseases caused by a wide range of Salmonella strains belonging to both host-unrestricted and host-restricted Salmonella serovars. METHODS In this study, five novel lytic Salmonella phages, named UPWr_S1-5, were isolated and characterized, including host range determination by plaque formation, morphology visualization with transmission electron microscopy, and establishment of physiological parameters. Moreover, phage genomes were sequenced, annotated and analyzed, and their genomes were compared with reference Salmonella phages by use of average nucleotide identity, phylogeny, dot plot, single nucleotide variation and protein function analysis. RESULTS It was found that UPWr_S1-5 phages belong to the genus Jerseyvirus within the Siphoviridae family. All UPWr_S phages were found to efficiently infect various Salmonella serovars. Host range determination revealed differences in host infection profiles and exhibited ability to infect Salmonella enterica serovars such as Enteritidis, Gallinarum, Senftenberg, Stanley and Chester. The lytic life cycle of UPWr_S phages was confirmed using the mitomycin C test assay. Genomic analysis revealed that genomes of UPWr_S phages are composed of 51 core and 19 accessory genes, with 33 of all predicted genes having assigned functions. UPWr_S genome organization comparison revealed 3 kinds of genomes and mosaic structure. UPWr_S phages showed very high sequence similarity to each other, with more than 95% average nucleotide identity. CONCLUSIONS Five novel UPWr_S1-5 bacteriophages were isolated and characterized. They exhibit host lysis range within 5 different serovars and are efficient in lysis of both host-unrestricted and host-restricted Salmonella serovars. Therefore, because of their ability to infect various Salmonella serovars and lytic life cycle, UPWr_S1-5 phages can be considered as useful tools in biological control of salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kuźmińska-Bajor
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Paulina Śliwka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Korzeniowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aneta Skaradzińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Kuczkowski
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Narajaczyk
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alina Wieliczko
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Kolenda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Ge H, Xu Y, Hu M, Zhang K, Zhang S, Jiao X, Chen X. Isolation, Characterization, and Application in Poultry Products of a Salmonella-Specific Bacteriophage, S55. J Food Prot 2021; 84:1202-1212. [PMID: 33710342 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-20-438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Salmonellosis occurs frequently worldwide, causing serious threats to public health. The abuse of antibiotics is increasing antibiotic resistance in bacteria, thereby making the prevention and control of Salmonella more difficult. A phage can help control the spread of bacteria. In this study, the lytic phage S55, whose host bacterium is Salmonella Pullorum, was isolated from fecal samples obtained from poultry farms. This phage belongs to the Siphoviridae and has a polyhedral head and a retraction-free tail. S55 lysed most cells of Salmonella Pullorum (58 of 60 strains, 96.67%) and Salmonella Enteritidis (97 of 104 strains, 93.27%). One-step growth kinetics revealed that the latent period was 10 min, the burst period was 80 min, and the burst size was 40 PFU per cell. The optimal multiplicity of infection was 0.01, and the phage was able to survive at pH values of 4 to 11 and temperatures of 40 to 60°C for 60 min. Complete genome sequence analysis revealed that the S55 genome consists of 42,781 bp (50.28% GC content) and 58 open reading frames, including 25 frames with known or assumed functions without tRNA genes. S55 does not carry genes that encode virulence or resistance factors. At 4 and 25°C, S55 reduced the populations of Salmonella Pullorum and Salmonella Enteritidis on chicken skin surfaces. S55 may be useful as a biological agent for the prevention and control of Salmonella infections. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, and Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, and Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Maozhi Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, and Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, and Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, and Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin'an Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, and Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, and Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
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Therapeutic Efficacy of Phage P IZ SAE-01E2 against Abortion Caused by Salmonella enterica Serovar Abortusequi in Mice. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.01366-20. [PMID: 32887718 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01366-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Abortusequi is a frequently reported pathogen causing abortion in mares. In this study, the preventive and therapeutic effects of phage PIZ SAE-01E2 against S Abortusequi in a mouse model of abortion were investigated. Phage PIZ SAE-01E2 was stable at different temperatures (4 to 70°C) and pH values (pH 4 to 10) and could lyse the majority of the Salmonella serogroup O:4 and O:9 strains tested (25/28). There was no lysogeny-related, toxin, or antibiotic resistance-related gene in the genome of PIZ SAE-01E2. All of these characteristics indicate that PIZ SAE-01E2 has the potential for use in phage therapy. In in vivo experiments, 2 × 103 CFU/mouse of S Abortusequi ATCC 9842 was sufficient to lead to murine abortion (gestational day 14.5) within 48 h. A single intraperitoneal inoculation of PIZ SAE-01E2 (108 PFU/mouse, multiplicity of infection = 105) 1 h before or after S Abortusequi challenge provided effective protection to all pregnant mice (10/10). After 24 h of treatment with phage PIZ SAE-01E2, the bacterial loads in both the placenta and the uterus of the infected mice were significantly decreased (<102 CFU/g) compared to those in the placenta and the uterus of the mice in the control group (>106 CFU/g). In addition, the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the placenta and blood of the mice in the phage administration groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) compared to those in the placenta and blood of the mice in the control group. Altogether, these findings indicate that PIZ SAE-01E2 shows the potential to block abortions induced by S Abortusequi in vivo IMPORTANCE S Abortusequi is an important pathogen that can induce abortions in mares. Although S Abortusequi has been well controlled in Europe and the United States due to strict breeding and health policies, it is still widespread in African and Asian countries and has proven difficult to control. In China, abortions caused by S Abortusequi have also been reported in donkeys. So far, there is no commercial vaccine. Thus, exploiting alternative efficient and safe strategies to control S Abortusequi infection is essential. In this study, a new lytic phage, PIZ SAE-01E2, infecting S Abortusequi was isolated, and the characteristics of PIZ SAE-01E2 indicated that it has the potential for use in phage therapy. A single intraperitoneal inoculation of PIZ SAE-01E2 before or after S Abortusequi challenge provided effective protection to all pregnant mice. Thus, PIZ SAE-01E2 showed the potential to block abortions induced by S Abortusequi in vivo.
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Comprehensive Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of BAFASAL ® Bacteriophage Preparation for the Reduction of Salmonella in the Food Chain. Viruses 2020; 12:v12070742. [PMID: 32664206 PMCID: PMC7412135 DOI: 10.3390/v12070742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are bacterial predators, which are garnering much interest nowadays vis-à-vis the global phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance. Bacteriophage preparations seem to be an alternative to antibiotics, which can be used at all levels of the food production chain. Their safety and efficacy, however, are of public concern. In this study, a detailed evaluation of BAFASAL® preparation was performed. BAFASAL® is a bacteriophage cocktail that reduces Salmonella in poultry farming. In vivo acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies on rats and tolerance study on targeted animals (chicken broiler) conducted according to GLP and OECD guidelines did not reveal any signs of toxicity, which could be associated with BAFASAL® administration. In addition, no evidences of genotoxicity were observed. The tolerance study with 100-times concentrated dose also did not show any statistically significant differences in the assessed parameters. The in vitro crop assay, mimicking normal feed storage and feed application conditions showed that BAFASAL® reduced the number of Salmonella bacteria in experimentally contaminated feed. Moreover, reductions were observed for all examined forms (liquid, powder, spray). Furthermore, the in vivo efficacy study showed that treatment with BAFASAL® significantly decreased Salmonella content in caeca of birds infected with Salmonella Enteritidis. Detailed examination of BAFASAL® in terms of safety and efficacy, adds to the body of evidence that bacteriophages are harmless to animals and effective in the struggle against bacteria.
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12
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Bumunang EW, McAllister TA, Stanford K, Anany H, Niu YD, Ateba CN. Characterization of Non-O157 STEC Infecting Bacteriophages Isolated from Cattle Faeces in North-West South Africa. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E615. [PMID: 31779135 PMCID: PMC6956337 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) E. coli are emerging pathotypes that are frequently associated with diseases in humans around the world. The consequences of these serogroups for public health is a concern given the lack of effective prevention and treatment measures. In this study, ten bacteriophages (phages; SA20RB, SA79RD, SA126VB, SA30RD, SA32RD, SA35RD, SA21RB, SA80RD, SA12KD and SA91KD) isolated from cattle faeces collected in the North-West of South Africa were characterized. Activity of these phages against non-O157 STEC isolates served as hosts for these phages. All of the phages except SA80RD displayed lytic against non-O157 E. coli isolates. Of 22 non-O157 E. coli isolates, 14 were sensitive to 9 of the 10 phages tested. Phage SA35RD was able to lyse 13 isolates representing a diverse group of non-O157 E. coli serotypes including a novel O-antigen Shiga toxigenic (wzx-Onovel5:H19) strain. However, non-O157 E. coli serotypes O76:H34, O99:H9, O129:H23 and O136:H30 were insensitive to all phages. Based on transmission electron microscopy, the non-O157 STEC phages were placed into Myoviridae (n = 5) and Siphoviridae (n = 5). Genome of the phage ranged from 44 to 184.3 kb. All but three phages (SA91KD, SA80RD and SA126VB) were insensitive to EcoRI-HF and HindIII nucleases. This is the first study illustrating that cattle from North-West South Africa harbour phages with lytic potentials that could potentially be exploited for biocontrol against a diverse group of non-O157 STEC isolated from the same region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel W. Bumunang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa;
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
- Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4V6, Canada;
| | - Tim A. McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Kim Stanford
- Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4V6, Canada;
| | - Hany Anany
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research and Development Centre, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada;
| | - Yan D. Niu
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Collins N. Ateba
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa;
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13
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Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli Siphophage Shashou. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:8/40/e01016-19. [PMID: 31582440 PMCID: PMC6776780 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01016-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we announce the genome of the Escherichia coli 4s siphophage Shashou, which presents similarity to members of the Guernseyvirinae subfamily. Shashou is predicted to use a headful packaging mechanism for its 44,155-bp genome and to encode 77 proteins. Here, we announce the genome of the Escherichia coli 4s siphophage Shashou, which presents similarity to members of the Guernseyvirinae subfamily. Shashou is predicted to use a headful packaging mechanism for its 44,155-bp genome and to encode 77 proteins.
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Abstract
Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium often found in animal intestinal tracts. Here, we present the genome of the Guernseyvirinae-like E. coli 4s siphophage Snoke. The 44.4-kb genome contains 81 protein-coding genes, for which 33 functions were predicted. The capsid morphogenesis gene in Snoke contains a large intein. Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium often found in animal intestinal tracts. Here, we present the genome of the Guernseyvirinae-like E. coli 4s siphophage Snoke. The 44.4-kb genome contains 81 protein-coding genes, for which 33 functions were predicted. The capsid morphogenesis gene in Snoke contains a large intein.
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15
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Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli Siphophage Schulenberg. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:8/39/e01053-19. [PMID: 31558646 PMCID: PMC6763661 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01053-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli bacteria and their infecting bacteriophage exist within the gut. Here, we present the complete genome of Schulenberg, an E. coli siphophage similar to phages of the subfamily Guernseyvirinae. Schulenberg encodes 85 proteins, 33 of which have predicted functions. Escherichia coli bacteria and their infecting bacteriophage exist within the gut. Here, we present the complete genome of Schulenberg, an E. coli siphophage similar to phages of the subfamily Guernseyvirinae. Schulenberg encodes 85 proteins, 33 of which have predicted functions.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli Siphophage Sciku. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019; 8:8/38/e01052-19. [PMID: 31537682 PMCID: PMC6753286 DOI: 10.1128/mra.01052-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium that is found in humans and animals as both a commensal organism and a pathogen. This report describes the isolation of Sciku, a siphophage infecting E. coli 4s, with 73 protein-coding genes. Genome comparisons suggest that Sciku is related to phages within Guernseyvirinae. Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium that is found in humans and animals as both a commensal organism and a pathogen. This report describes the isolation of Sciku, a siphophage infecting E. coli 4s, with 73 protein-coding genes. Genome comparisons suggest that Sciku is related to phages within Guernseyvirinae.
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17
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Raoultella bacteriophage RP180, a new member of the genus Kagunavirus, subfamily Guernseyvirinae. Arch Virol 2019; 164:2637-2640. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gencay YE, Gambino M, Prüssing TF, Brøndsted L. The genera of bacteriophages and their receptors are the major determinants of host range. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:2095-2111. [PMID: 30888719 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The host range of phages is a key to understand their impact on bacterial ecology and evolution. Because of the complexity of phage-host interactions, the variables that determine the breadth of a phage host range remain poorly understood. Here, we propose a novel holistic approach to identify the host range determinants of a new collection of phages infecting Salmonella, isolated from animal, environmental and wastewater samples that were able to infect 58 of the 71 Salmonella strains in our collection. By using a set of statistic approaches (non-metric dimensional scaling, Bray-Curtis distance, PERMANOVA), we analysed phenotypic (host range on wild-type and receptor mutants) and genetic data (taxonomic assignment and receptor binding proteins) to evaluate the impact of isolation strain and niche, phage receptor and genus on the host range. Statistical analysis revealed that two phage characteristics influence the host range by explaining the most variance: the receptor by 45% and the genus by 51%. Interestingly, phage genus and receptor in combination explained 79% of the variance, establishing these characteristics as the major determinants of the host range. This study demonstrates the power and the novelty of applying statistical approaches to phenotypic and genetic data to investigate the ecology of phage-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilmaz Emre Gencay
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Michela Gambino
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Tessa From Prüssing
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lone Brøndsted
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Newase SK, Gupta A, Dastager SG, Kapadnis BP, Shashidhar R. Development and evaluation of taxon-specific primers for the selected Caudovirales taxa. Virus Res 2019; 263:184-188. [PMID: 30769122 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The phage taxonomy is primarily based on the morphology derived from Transmission Electron Microscopic (TEM) studies. TEM based characterization is authentic and accepted by scientific community. However, TEM based identification is expensive and time consuming. After the phage isolation, before analysis TEM, a DNA based rapid method could be introduced. The DNA based method could dramatically reduce the number of samples analyzed by TEM and thereby increase the speed and reduce the cost of identification. In the present work, four environmental phage isolates were identified based on TEM studies and genome size. The identification of these four phages was validated using DNA based method. The taxon-specific DNA markers were identified through multiple sequence alignments. The primers were designed at conserved genes (DNA polymerase or integrase) of 4 different phage taxa viz. family Ackermannviridae, genus Jerseyvirus, genus T4virus, and genus P22virus. These primers were evaluated using both in vitro and in silico approach for the amplification of the target taxons. Majority of the primer sets were found to amplify member species of the targeted taxa in vitro. In In silico analysis, six primer sets intended for identification of family Ackermannviridae showed positive amplification of ≥86.7% classified species. Further, the primers targeting the genus Jerseyvirus and T4virus showed the amplification of 53.8% and ≥84.6% species, respectively. The present work is a case study performed to explore the possibility of use of taxon-specific primers for identification and taxonomic studies of newly isolated phages to supplement the TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep K Newase
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India; Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Alka Gupta
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Syed G Dastager
- National Collection of Industrial Micro-organisms (NCIM) Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-NCL, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Balu P Kapadnis
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
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Turner D, Sutton JM, Reynolds DM, Sim EM, Petty NK. Visualization of Phage Genomic Data: Comparative Genomics and Publication-Quality Diagrams. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1681:239-260. [PMID: 29134600 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7343-9_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The presentation of bacteriophage genomes as diagrams allows the location and organization of features to be communicated in a clear and effective manner. A wide range of software applications are available for the clear and accurate visualization of genomic data. Several of these applications incorporate comparative analysis tools, allowing for insertions, deletions, rearrangements and variations in syntenic regions to be visualized. In this chapter, freely available software and resources for the generation of high-quality graphical maps of bacteriophage genomes are listed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dann Turner
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - J Mark Sutton
- Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, Wiltshire, UK
| | - Darren M Reynolds
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Eby M Sim
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicola K Petty
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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21
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Turner D, Ackermann HW, Kropinski AM, Lavigne R, Sutton JM, Reynolds DM. Comparative Analysis of 37 Acinetobacter Bacteriophages. Viruses 2017; 10:E5. [PMID: 29295549 PMCID: PMC5795418 DOI: 10.3390/v10010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the genus Acinetobacter are ubiquitous in the environment and the multiple-drug resistant species A. baumannii is of significant clinical concern. This clinical relevance is currently driving research on bacterial viruses infecting A. baumannii, in an effort to implement phage therapy and phage-derived antimicrobials. Initially, a total of 42 Acinetobacter phage genome sequences were available in the international nucleotide sequence databases, corresponding to a total of 2.87 Mbp of sequence information and representing all three families of the order Caudovirales and a single member of the Leviviridae. A comparative bioinformatics analysis of 37 Acinetobacter phages revealed that they form six discrete clusters and two singletons based on genomic organisation and nucleotide sequence identity. The assignment of these phages to clusters was further supported by proteomic relationships established using OrthoMCL. The 4067 proteins encoded by the 37 phage genomes formed 737 groups and 974 orphans. Notably, over half of the proteins encoded by the Acinetobacter phages are of unknown function. The comparative analysis and clustering presented enables an updated taxonomic framing of these clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dann Turner
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
| | - Hans-Wolfgang Ackermann
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1X 46, Canada
| | - Andrew M Kropinski
- Departments of Food Science, Molecular and Cellular Biology; and Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, box 2462, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - J Mark Sutton
- National Infections Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 0JG, UK.
| | - Darren M Reynolds
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
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Complete genome sequence of the salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis bacteriophages fSE1C and fSE4C isolated from food matrices. Stand Genomic Sci 2017; 12:1. [PMID: 28074119 PMCID: PMC5217580 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-016-0218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is one of the most common causes of Salmonellosis worldwide. Utilization of bacteriophages as prophylactic agents is a practical solution to prevent Salmonellosis in ready-to-eat products. Shelf stability is one of the desirable properties for prophylactic bacteriophages. Here, we describe the phenotype, genome, and phylogeny of fSE1C and fSE4S Salmonella bacteriophages. fSE1C and fSE4S were previously isolated from pickle sauce and ground beef respectively and selected for their significant shelf stability. fSE1C and fSE4S showed a broad S. enterica serovar range, infecting several Salmonella serovars. The viral particles showed an icosahedral head structure and flexible tail, a typical morphology of the Siphoviridae family. fSE1C and fSE4C genomes consists of dsDNA of 41,720 bp and 41,768 bp with 49.73% and 49.78% G + C, respectively. Comparative genomic analysis reveals a mosaic relationship between S. enterica serovar Enteritidis phages isolated from Valparaiso, Chile.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Bacteriophage MA12, Which Infects both Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/6/e00810-16. [PMID: 27932636 PMCID: PMC5146428 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00810-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S Enteritidis) bacteriophage MA12, a 41-Kb chromosome. The strain can infect both Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and S Enteritidis and can be used in phage therapy experiments with poultry and poultry meat.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Bacteriophage f18SE, Isolated in Chile. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/5/e00600-15. [PMID: 26450716 PMCID: PMC4599075 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00600-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophage f18SE was isolated from poultry sewage in Olmue, Chile, and lytic activity was demonstrated against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and serovar Pullorum strains. This bacteriophage has a 41,868-bp double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) genome encoding 53 coding sequences (CDSs) and belongs to the family Siphoviridae, subfamily Jerseyvirinae.
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