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Vasquez I, Retamales J, Parra B, Machimbirike V, Robeson J, Santander J. Comparative Genomics of a Polyvalent Escherichia-Salmonella Phage fp01 and In Silico Analysis of Its Receptor Binding Protein and Conserved Enterobacteriaceae Phage Receptor. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020379. [PMID: 36851593 PMCID: PMC9961651 DOI: 10.3390/v15020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The polyvalent bacteriophage fp01, isolated from wastewater in Valparaiso, Chile, was described to have lytic activity across bacterial species, including Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovars. Due to its polyvalent nature, the bacteriophage fp01 has potential applications in the biomedical, food and agricultural industries. Also, fundamental aspects of polyvalent bacteriophage biology are unknown. In this study, we sequenced and described the complete genome of the polyvalent phage fp01 (MH745368.2) using long- (MinION, Nanopore) and short-reads (MiSeq, Illumina) sequencing. The bacteriophage fp01 genome has 109,515 bp, double-stranded DNA with an average G+C content of 39%, and 158 coding sequences (CDSs). Phage fp01 has genes with high similarity to Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Shigella sp. phages. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the phage fp01 is a new Tequintavirus fp01 specie. Receptor binding protein gp108 was identified as potentially responsible for fp01 polyvalent characteristics, which binds to conserved amino acid regions of the FhuA receptor of Enterobacteriaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Vasquez
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Julio Retamales
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de las Américas, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Barbara Parra
- Subdepartment of Molecular Genetics, Public Health Institute of Chile, Santiago 9140000, Chile
| | - Vimbai Machimbirike
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - James Robeson
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2370000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (J.S.)
| | - Javier Santander
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Science, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (J.S.)
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Retamales J, Núñez P, Alvarado R, Campan EDM, Otto T, Segovia C, Vasquez I, Santander J. Characterization of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Bacteriophages against Bacterial Walnut Blight and Field Evaluation. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071380. [PMID: 35891361 PMCID: PMC9325289 DOI: 10.3390/v14071380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (hereafter X. juglandis) is the etiological agent of walnut blight, the most important bacterial disease affecting walnut production worldwide. Currently, the disease is treated mainly with copper-derived compounds (e.g., CuSO4) despite the evidence of genetic resistance in these strains. Regarding the effectiveness and sustainability, the use of a bacteriophage appears to be a biocontrol alternative to reduce X. juglandis load and symptomatology of walnut blight. Here, the phages f20-Xaj, f29-Xaj, and f30-Xaj were characterized, and their effectiveness in walnut orchards against walnut blight was determined. These bacteriophages showed a specific lytic infection in X. juglandis strains isolated from Chile and France. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome of f20-Xaj and f30-Xaj indicates that these phages belong to the Pradovirus genus. In the field, the cocktail of these bacteriophages showed similar effectivity to CuSO4 in the reduction of incidence and severity in walnut tissue. Moreover, the bacterial load of X. juglandis was significantly reduced in the presence of bacteriophages in contrast to a CuSO4 treatment. These results show that the use of bacteriophages can be an alternative to combat the symptoms of walnut blight caused by X. juglandis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Retamales
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de las Américas, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-32-2524274
| | - Pablo Núñez
- Agroadvance SpA, Peñaflor 9750000, Chile; (P.N.); (R.A.)
| | | | - Erick D. M. Campan
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (E.D.M.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Thierry Otto
- Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31062 Toulouse, France; (E.D.M.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Cristopher Segovia
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (C.S.); (I.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Ignacio Vasquez
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (C.S.); (I.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Javier Santander
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Laboratory, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada; (C.S.); (I.V.); (J.S.)
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Soto MJ, Retamales J, Palza H, Bastías R. Encapsulation of specific Salmonella Enteritidis phage f3αSE on alginate-spheres as a method for protection and dosification. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Olivares D, Contreras C, Muñoz V, Rivera S, González-Agüero M, Retamales J, Defilippi BG. Relationship among color development, anthocyanin and pigment-related gene expression in 'Crimson Seedless' grapes treated with abscisic acid and sucrose. Plant Physiol Biochem 2017; 115:286-297. [PMID: 28412633 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
'Crimson Seedless' is one of the most important table grape varieties in Chile, but under certain environmental conditions, the fruit exhibits inadequate red color development, causing economic losses due to lower product quality. The use of plant growth regulators, such as abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene, during development increases the anthocyanin content of the skin, improving the color of the berry. Recently, sucrose has been identified as a signaling molecule capable of regulating the expression of genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of application of ABA and/or sucrose on color development and their relationship with anthocyanin metabolism. Applications of ABA (400 ppm or 200 ppm) and/or sucrose (90 mM) were performed close to the véraison stage. During development and at harvest, quality attributes such as berry firmness, total soluble solids and titratable acidity were not affected by these treatments. Increased red color development was observed in fruits treated with ABA and/or sucrose, due to accumulation of anthocyanins. Fruits subjected to sucrose treatment showed higher levels of anthocyanins than untreated fruits but lower levels than fruits treated with ABA. Increased expression of genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis was observed in ABA- and sucrose-treated fruits compared to untreated fruits. Based on these findings, we demonstrated that sucrose improved fruit color development by increasing synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins, thus allowing earlier harvests and improving table grape quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Olivares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11610, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Contreras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11610, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Muñoz
- Universidad Santo Tomás, Facultad de Ciencias, Ejército 217, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Rivera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11610, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Bruno G Defilippi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-La Platina, Santa Rosa 11610, Santiago, Chile.
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Yañez AJ, Valenzuela K, Silva H, Retamales J, Romero A, Enriquez R, Figueroa J, Claude A, Gonzalez J, Avendaño-Herrera R, Carcamo JG. Broth medium for the successful culture of the fish pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis . Dis Aquat Organ 2012; 97:197-205. [PMID: 22422090 DOI: 10.3354/dao02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Piscirickettsiosis or salmonid rickettsial septicaemia (SRS) caused by Piscirickettsia salmonis constitutes one of the main problems in farmed salmonid and marine fishes. Since the first reports of the disease, it has been successfully isolated and maintained in eukaryotic cell--culture systems, but these systems are time-consuming, the media are costly, and eliminating heavily contaminated host cell debris is difficult. In this report, we describe a marine-based broth supplemented with L-cysteine, named AUSTRAL-SRS broth, that facilitates superior growth of P. salmonis strains. Strains reached an optical density of approximately 1.8 when absorbance was measured at 600 nm after 6 d incubation at 18°C. Several passages (n = 6) did not alter the culture kinetics. We report for the first time the purification of DNA, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and whole membrane protein obtained from P. salmonis grown in this liquid medium, and thus provide a suitable platform to simplify the preparation of P. salmonis cells for genetic and serological studies. Moreover, the results of the cytopathic effect test showed that P. salmonis grown in AUSTRAL-SRS broth maintained their virulence properties, inducing apoptosis after 3 d. This makes the medium a good candidate for the successful growth of P. salmonis and an excellent basis for the development of low cost vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Yañez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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Robeson J, Valencia M, Retamales J, Borie C. Stability inside hen eggs of a Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis bacteriophage. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2011. [DOI: 10.2225/vol14-issue4-fulltext-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Nilo R, Saffie C, Lilley K, Baeza-Yates R, Cambiazo V, Campos-Vargas R, González M, Meisel LA, Retamales J, Silva H, Orellana A. Proteomic analysis of peach fruit mesocarp softening and chilling injury using difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE). BMC Genomics 2010; 11:43. [PMID: 20082721 PMCID: PMC2822761 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peach fruit undergoes a rapid softening process that involves a number of metabolic changes. Storing fruit at low temperatures has been widely used to extend its postharvest life. However, this leads to undesired changes, such as mealiness and browning, which affect the quality of the fruit. In this study, a 2-D DIGE approach was designed to screen for differentially accumulated proteins in peach fruit during normal softening as well as under conditions that led to fruit chilling injury. RESULTS The analysis allowed us to identify 43 spots -representing about 18% of the total number analyzed- that show statistically significant changes. Thirty-nine of the proteins could be identified by mass spectrometry. Some of the proteins that changed during postharvest had been related to peach fruit ripening and cold stress in the past. However, we identified other proteins that had not been linked to these processes. A graphical display of the relationship between the differentially accumulated proteins was obtained using pairwise average-linkage cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Proteins such as endopolygalacturonase, catalase, NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, pectin methylesterase and dehydrins were found to be very important for distinguishing between healthy and chill injured fruit. A categorization of the differentially accumulated proteins was performed using Gene Ontology annotation. The results showed that the 'response to stress', 'cellular homeostasis', 'metabolism of carbohydrates' and 'amino acid metabolism' biological processes were affected the most during the postharvest. CONCLUSIONS Using a comparative proteomic approach with 2-D DIGE allowed us to identify proteins that showed stage-specific changes in their accumulation pattern. Several proteins that are related to response to stress, cellular homeostasis, cellular component organization and carbohydrate metabolism were detected as being differentially accumulated. Finally, a significant proportion of the proteins identified had not been associated with softening, cold storage or chilling injury-altered fruit before; thus, comparative proteomics has proven to be a valuable tool for understanding fruit softening and postharvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Nilo
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biotechnology (MN-PCB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Saffie
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biotechnology (MN-PCB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Kathryn Lilley
- Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Verónica Cambiazo
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus Center for Genomics of the Cell (CGC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Reinaldo Campos-Vargas
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biotechnology (MN-PCB), Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA-La Platina), Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lee A Meisel
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biotechnology (MN-PCB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio Retamales
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Herman Silva
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biotechnology (MN-PCB), Santiago, Chile
- Plant Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Lab, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ariel Orellana
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biotechnology (MN-PCB), Santiago, Chile
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Borie C, Sánchez ML, Navarro C, Ramírez S, Morales MA, Retamales J, Robeson J. Aerosol Spray Treatment with Bacteriophages and Competitive Exclusion Reduces Salmonella Enteritidis Infection in Chickens. Avian Dis 2009; 53:250-4. [DOI: 10.1637/8406-071008-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Robeson J, Retamales J, Borie C. Genomic variants of bacteriophages against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis with potential application in the poultry industry. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2008000300007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Robeson
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
| | - J Retamales
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
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Borie C, Albala I, Sànchez P, Sánchez ML, Ramírez S, Navarro C, Morales MA, Retamales J, Robeson J. Bacteriophage Treatment Reduces Salmonella Colonization of Infected Chickens. Avian Dis 2008; 52:64-7. [DOI: 10.1637/8091-082007-reg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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González-Agüero M, Pavez L, Ibáñez F, Pacheco I, Campos-Vargas R, Meisel LA, Orellana A, Retamales J, Silva H, González M, Cambiazo V. Identification of woolliness response genes in peach fruit after post-harvest treatments. J Exp Bot 2008; 59:1973-86. [PMID: 18453640 PMCID: PMC2413281 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Revised: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 01/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Woolliness is a physiological disorder of peaches and nectarines that becomes apparent when fruit are ripened after prolonged periods of cold storage. This disorder is of commercial importance since shipping of peaches to distant markets and storage before selling require low temperature. However, knowledge about the molecular basis of peach woolliness is still incomplete. To address this issue, a nylon macroarray containing 847 non-redundant expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from a ripe peach fruit cDNA library was developed and used. Gene expression changes of peach fruit (Prunus persica cv. O'Henry) ripened for 7 d at 21 degrees C (juicy fruit) were compared with those of fruit stored for 15 d at 4 degrees C and then ripened for 7 d at 21 degrees C (woolly fruit). A total of 106 genes were found to be differentially expressed between juicy and woolly fruit. Data analysis indicated that the activity of most of these genes (>90%) was repressed in the woolly fruit. In cold-stored peaches (cv. O'Henry), the expression level of selected genes (cobra, endopolygalacturonase, cinnamoyl-CoA-reductase, and rab11) was lower than in the juicy fruit, and it remained low in woolly peaches after ripening, a pattern that was conserved in woolly fruit from two other commercial cultivars (cv. Flamekist and cv. Elegant Lady). In addition, the results of this study indicate that molecular changes during fruit woolliness involve changes in the expression of genes associated with cell wall metabolism and endomembrane trafficking. Overall, the results reported here provide an initial characterization of the transcriptome activity of peach fruit under different post-harvest treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio González-Agüero
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus Center for Genomics of the Cell (CGC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Pavez
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus Center for Genomics of the Cell (CGC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Freddy Ibáñez
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus Center for Genomics of the Cell (CGC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Igor Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus Center for Genomics of the Cell (CGC), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Lee A. Meisel
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, Andres Bello University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ariel Orellana
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, Andres Bello University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio Retamales
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Herman Silva
- Millennium Nucleus in Plant Cell Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, Andres Bello University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus Center for Genomics of the Cell (CGC), Santiago, Chile
| | - Verónica Cambiazo
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus Center for Genomics of the Cell (CGC), Santiago, Chile
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Meisel L, Fonseca B, González S, Baeza-Yates R, Cambiazo V, Campos R, Gonźalez M, Orellana A, Retamales J, Silva H. A Rapid and Efficient Method for Purifying High Quality Total RNA from Peaches (Prunus persica) for Functional Genomics Analyses. Biol Res 2005; 38:83-8. [PMID: 15977413 DOI: 10.4067/s0716-97602005000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prunus persica has been proposed as a genomic model for deciduous trees and the Rosaceae family. Optimized protocols for RNA isolation are necessary to further advance studies in this model species such that functional genomics analyses may be performed. Here we present an optimized protocol to rapidly and efficiently purify high quality total RNA from peach fruits (Prunus persica). Isolating high-quality RNA from fruit tissue is often difficult due to large quantities of polysaccharides and polyphenolic compounds that accumulate in this tissue and co-purify with the RNA. Here we demonstrate that a modified version of the method used to isolate RNA from pine trees and the woody plant Cinnamomun tenuipilum is ideal for isolating high quality RNA from the fruits of Prunus persica. This RNA may be used for many functional genomic based experiments such as RT-PCR and the construction of large-insert cDNA libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Meisel
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile
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Zoffoli J, Balbontin S, Rogríguez J, Retamales J, Defilippi B. EFFECTIVENESS OF 1-MCP ON POSTHARVEST DETERIORATION OF NECTARINES AND PEACHES STORED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2002.592.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Manriquez D, Defilippi B, Retamales J. AVG, AN ETHYLENE BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITOR: ITS EFFECTS ON RIPENING AND SOFTENING IN KIWIFRUIT. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.1999.498.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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