1
|
Ríos J, Sapena V, Mariño Z, Bruix J, Forns X, Morros R, Reig M, Torres F, Pontes C. Incidence of Liver and Non-liver Cancers After Hepatitis C Virus Eradication: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Drugs Real World Outcomes 2024:10.1007/s40801-024-00437-y. [PMID: 38874848 DOI: 10.1007/s40801-024-00437-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) offer a high rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication. However, concerns on the risk of cancer after HCV eradication remain. Our study aimed at quantifying the incidence of cancer in patients treated with anti-HCV therapies in Catalonia (Spain) and their matched controls. METHODS This was a population-based study using real-world data from the public healthcare system of Catalonia between 2012 and 2016. Propensity score matching was performed in patients with HCV infection treated with interferon-based therapy (IFN), sequential IFN and DAA (IFN+DAA), and DAA only (DAA) with concurrent controls. We estimated the annual incidence of overall cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and non-liver cancer of HCV-treated patients and their corresponding rate ratios. RESULTS The study included 11,656 HCV-treated patients and 49,545 controls. We found statistically significant increases in the rate of overall cancer for IFN+DAA-treated (rate ratio [RR] 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-2.46) and DAA-treated patients (RR 1.90, 95% CI 1.66-2.19) and in the rate of HCC for IFN-treated (RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.02-2.22), IFN+DAA-treated (RR 3.89, 95% CI 2.26-6.69), and DAA-treated patients (RR 6.45, 95% CI 4.90-8.49) compared with their corresponding controls. Moreover, DAA-treated patients with cirrhosis showed an increased rate of overall cancer versus those without cirrhosis (RR 1.92, 95% CI 1.51-2.44). CONCLUSIONS Results showed that overall cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in Catalonia was significantly higher among HCV-treated patients compared with matched non-HCV-infected controls, and risks were higher in patients with cirrhosis. An increased awareness of the potential occurrence of uncommon malignant events and monitoring after HCV eradication therapy may benefit patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Ríos
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital Clinic and Medical Statistics Core Facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus, Cerdanyola, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Sapena
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital Clinic and Medical Statistics Core Facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoe Mariño
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bruix
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Forns
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Morros
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Reig
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERHED), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Torres
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus, Cerdanyola, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Caridad Pontes
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Al Shukri I, Al Wahaibi A, Al Kindi H, Al-Maimani Y, Al Maani A, Alqayoudhi A, Methew MC, Pradeesh J, Al Abrawi R, Debs A, Mansoor N, AlRahbi A, Al Balushi W, Alharrasi M, Al Mamari B, Soliman MF, Alsenaidi A, Al Alawi M, Al Ismaili O, Al-Abri S, Al-Jardani A. The Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in Hemodialysis Patients in Oman: A National Cross-Sectional Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2023; 13:774-781. [PMID: 37698781 PMCID: PMC10686920 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00149-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HCV infection in hemodialysis units is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The risk of HCV infection among dialysis patients is higher compared to the general population due to high potential blood exposures in hemodialysis settings. This study aims to assess the national HCV seroprevalence in selected dialysis units and to determine the risk factors for acquiring HCV infection. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 January to 31 March 2021. A total of 734 patients from 11 hemodialysis centers in Oman were included. Samples were tested simultaneously for HCV antibodies and HCV RNA. HCV genotyping was determined in all viremic patients. Demographic and hemodialysis center related data were gathered and their association with the positive HCV serology were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Out of 800 patients selected from 11 dialysis units for the study, 734 patients (91.8%) were included. The overall seroprevalence of HCV infection among hemodialysis patients was 5.6%. (41/734). HCV RNA was detected in 31.7% (13/41) of seropositive hemodialysis patients. The most common genotype was subtype 1a, followed by subtype 3. Variables associated with high HCV prevalence were family history of HCV and duration of dialysis. CONCLUSION The prevalence of infection within hemodialysis patients in Oman has significantly decreased but remained higher than the general population. Continuous monitoring and follow-up, including periodic serosurvey and linkage to care and treatment are recommended. Additionally, practice audits are recommended for identifying gaps and ensuring sustainability of best practices and further improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Intisar Al Shukri
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Adil Al Wahaibi
- Department of Surveillance, Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Hanan Al Kindi
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Amal Al Maani
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Abdullah Alqayoudhi
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mersum C Methew
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jini Pradeesh
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Abdo Debs
- Quriyat Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Ahmed AlRahbi
- Ibra Dialysis Unit, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Omaima Al Ismaili
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Seif Al-Abri
- Royal Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Amina Al-Jardani
- Directorate General for Disease Surveillance and Control, Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghebremeskel GG, Berhe Solomon M, Achila OO, Mengistu ST, Asmelash RF, Berhane Mesfin A, Hamida ME. Real-world treatment outcome of direct-acting antivirals and patient survival rates in chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Eritrea. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20792. [PMID: 38012181 PMCID: PMC10682448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reliable real-world data on direct acting anti-retroviral (DAA) uptake and treatment outcomes are lacking for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in sub-Saharan Africa. This study provides data on HCV DAA-based treatment outcomes, mortality, loss-to-follow up, and associated factors among patients in Eritrea. A multicenter retrospective observational cohort study was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea. A structured checklist was used to collect data from patient's cards. Descriptive and inferential statistics used included means (± Standard deviation (SD), medians (Interquartile range (IQR), chi-squire (χ2), Kaplan-Meier estimates, and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. A total of 238 patients with median age of 59 years (IQR 50-69 years) were enrolled in the study. Out of the 227 patients initiated on treatment, 125 patients had viral load measurements at 12 weeks after end of treatment (EOT) whereas 102 patients had no viral load measurements at 12 weeks EOT. Among the patients with HCV RNA data post-EOT 12, 116 (92.8%) had sustained viral response (SVR). The prevalence of death and loss-to-follow up (LTFU) were (7.5%, 95% CI 1.7-4.1) and 67 (28.1%, 95% CI 22.3-33.9) translating into an incidence of 1.1 (95% CI 0.8-1.5) per 10,000 person days. Independent predictors of LTFU included the enrollment year (2020: aHR = 2.2, 95% CI 1-4.7; p value = 0.04); Hospital (Hospital B: aHR = 2.2, 95% CI 1-4.7; p value = 0.03) and the FIB-4 score (FIB-Score < 1.45: aHR = 3.7, 95% CI 1.2-11.5; p value = 0.02). The SVR rates achieved in this cohort were high. However, high LTFU and high mortality driven largely by late presentation and suboptimal population screening/case finding, were uncovered. These challenges can be addressed by test-and-treat programs that simultaneously prioritize programmatic screening, decentralization of care, and better patient tracking in the HCV care cascade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oliver Okoth Achila
- Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Sciences (OCMHS), Asmara, Eritrea
| | | | | | - Araia Berhane Mesfin
- National Communicable Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Asmara, Eritrea
| | - Mohammed Elfatih Hamida
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Sciences (OCMHS), Asmara, Eritrea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saputro AH, Amelia T, Mahardhika AB, Widyawaruyanti A, Wahyuni TS, Permanasari AA, Artarini AA, Tjahjono DH, Damayanti S. Alpha-mangostin, piperine and beta-sitosterol as hepatitis C antivirus (HCV): In silico and in vitro studies. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20141. [PMID: 37809693 PMCID: PMC10559922 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C is still a serious liver case of health. Up to now the development of anti-Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) drugs is challenging, especially the development of natural material compounds as anti-HCV. In the present study, we evaluated the probability of α-mangostin, piperine, and β-sitosterol as anti-HCV with the in silico and in vitro approaches. Molecular docking was performed between nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B, PDB ID 3FQL) with α-mangostin, piperine, and β-sitosterol by Autodock Tools® and BIOVIA Discovery Studio®. Subsequently, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted for 200 ns, evaluating the dynamic interaction between the ligands and the viral protein NS5B. Furthermore, compound characterization at the hepatocarcinoma cell line was employed. α-Mangostin with NS5B complex demonstrated the most negative binding free energy value based on MM-PBSA calculation with a value of -9.13 kcal/mol. In vitro test showed that IC50 of α -mangostin was 2.70 ± 0.92 μM, IC50 of piperine was 52.18 ± 3.21 μM, IC50 of β-sitosterol was >100 μM. α-Mangostin can serve as a valuable lead compound for further development of the anti-HCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjar Hermadi Saputro
- Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, 35365, Indonesia
| | - Tasia Amelia
- Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | | | - Aty Widyawaruyanti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Indonesia
- Center for Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Tutik Sri Wahyuni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Indonesia
- Center for Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Adita Ayu Permanasari
- Center for Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Aluicia Anita Artarini
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Daryono Hadi Tjahjono
- Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Sophi Damayanti
- Department of Pharmacochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
- University Center of Excellence on Artificial Intelligence for Vision, Natural Language Processing & Big Data Analysis (U-CoE AI-VLB), Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu ML, Wang CY, Lee MH, Ou HY, Cheng PN, Tu ST, Huang JF, Chen JF, Hu TH, Hsu CC, Kao JH, Chen CJ, Lin HC, Huang CN. TASL, TADE, and DAROC consensus for the screening and management of hepatitis C in patients with diabetes. J Formos Med Assoc 2023; 122:202-220. [PMID: 36750398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are prevalent diseases globally and emerging evidence demonstrates the bidirectional association between the two diseases. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for HCV have a high treatment success rate and can significantly reduce the risks of short and long-term complications of HCV infection. However, despite the evidence of the association between diabetes and HCV and the benefits of anti-HCV treatment, previously published guidelines did not focus on the universal HCV screening for patients with diabetes and their subsequent management once confirmed as having HCV viremia. Nonetheless, screening for HCV among patients with diabetes will contribute to the eradication of HCV infection. Thus, the three major Taiwan medical associations of diabetes and liver diseases endorsed a total of 14 experts in the fields of gastroenterology, hepatology, diabetology, and epidemiology to convene and formulate a consensus statement on HCV screening and management among patients with diabetes. Based on recent studies and guidelines as well as from real-world clinical experiences, the Taiwan experts reached a consensus that provides a straightforward approach to HCV screening, treatment, and monitoring of patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yih Ou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University Medical College and Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Nan Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Te Tu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Center for Liquid Biopsy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Fu Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hui Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Ning Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kamboj S, Rajput A, Rastogi A, Thakur A, Kumar M. Targeting non-structural proteins of Hepatitis C virus for predicting repurposed drugs using QSAR and machine learning approaches. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3422-3438. [PMID: 35832613 PMCID: PMC9271984 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes viral hepatitis leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the clinical use of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) still there is treatment failure in 5–10% cases. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new antivirals against HCV. In this endeavor, we developed the “Anti-HCV” platform using machine learning and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) approaches to predict repurposed drugs targeting HCV non-structural (NS) proteins. We retrieved experimentally validated small molecules from the ChEMBL database with bioactivity (IC50/EC50) against HCV NS3 (454), NS3/4A (495), NS5A (494) and NS5B (1671) proteins. These unique compounds were divided into training/testing and independent validation datasets. Relevant molecular descriptors and fingerprints were selected using a recursive feature elimination algorithm. Different machine learning techniques viz. support vector machine, k-nearest neighbour, artificial neural network, and random forest were used to develop the predictive models. We achieved Pearson’s correlation coefficients from 0.80 to 0.92 during 10-fold cross validation and similar performance on independent datasets using the best developed models. The robustness and reliability of developed predictive models were also supported by applicability domain, chemical diversity and decoy datasets analyses. The “Anti-HCV” predictive models were used to identify potential repurposing drugs. Representative candidates were further validated by molecular docking which displayed high binding affinities. Hence, this study identified promising repurposed drugs viz. naftifine, butalbital (NS3), vinorelbine, epicriptine (NS3/4A), pipecuronium, trimethaphan (NS5A), olodaterol and vemurafenib (NS5B) etc. targeting HCV NS proteins. These potential repurposed drugs may prove useful in antiviral drug development against HCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Kamboj
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Akanksha Rajput
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Amber Rastogi
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Anamika Thakur
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Virology Unit and Bioinformatics Centre, Institute of Microbial Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Persistent Enterovirus Infection: Little Deletions, Long Infections. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050770. [PMID: 35632526 PMCID: PMC9143164 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteroviruses have now been shown to persist in cell cultures and in vivo by a novel mechanism involving the deletion of varying amounts of the 5′ terminal genomic region termed domain I (also known as the cloverleaf). Molecular clones of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) genomes with 5′ terminal deletions (TD) of varying length allow the study of these mutant populations, which are able to replicate in the complete absence of wildtype virus genomes. The study of TD enteroviruses has revealed numerous significant differences from canonical enteroviral biology. The deletions appear and become the dominant population when an enterovirus replicates in quiescent cell populations, but can also occur if one of the cis-acting replication elements of the genome (CRE-2C) is artificially mutated in the element’s stem and loop structures. This review discusses how the TD genomes arise, how they interact with the host, and their effects on host biology.
Collapse
|
8
|
Santos APDT, Silva VCM, Mendes-Corrêa MC, Lemos MF, Malta FDM, Santana RAF, Dastoli GTF, Castro VFDD, Pinho JRR, Moreira RC. Characterization of primary direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs resistance mutations in NS5A/NS5B regions of hepatitis C virus with genotype 1a and 1b from patients with chronic hepatitis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2022; 64:e61. [PMID: 36197422 PMCID: PMC9528309 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202264061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|