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Sati SC, Pant CK, Bhatt P, Pandey Y. Thymine Adsorption onto Cation Exchanged Montmorillonite Clay: Role of Biogenic Divalent Metal Cations in Prebiotic Processes of Chemical Evolution. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2022; 52:233-247. [DOI: 10.1007/s11084-022-09633-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Kumar P, Das S. Kinetics and adsorption isotherm model of 2-thiouracil adsorbed onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide-copper oxide nanocomposite material. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Facile Fabrication of Natural Polyelectrolyte-Nanoclay Composites: Halloysite Nanotubes, Nucleotides and DNA Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153557. [PMID: 32759785 PMCID: PMC7436255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexation of biopolymers with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) can greatly affect their applicability as materials building blocks. Here we have performed a systematic investigation of fabrication of halloysite nanotubes complexes with nucleotides and genomic DNA. The binding of DNA and various nucleotide species (polyAU, UMP Na2, ADP Na3, dATP Na, AMP, uridine, ATP Mg) by halloysite nanotubes was tested using UV-spectroscopy. The study revealed that binding of different nucleotides to the nanoclay varied but was low both in the presence and absence of MgCl2, while MgCl2 facilitated significantly the binding of longer molecules such as DNA and polyAU. Modification of the nanotubes with DNA and nucleotide species was further confirmed by measurements of ζ-potentials. DNA-Mg-modified nanotubes were characterized using transmission electron (TEM), atomic force (AFM) and hyperspectral microscopies. Thermogravimetric analysis corroborated the sorption of DNA by the nanotubes, and the presence of DNA on the nanotube surface was indicated by changes in the surface adhesion force measured by AFM. DNA bound by halloysite in the presence of MgCl2 could be partially released after addition of phosphate buffered saline. DNA binding and release from halloysite nanotubes was tested in the range of MgCl2 concentrations (10–100 mM). Even low MgCl2 concentrations significantly increased DNA sorption to halloysite, and the binding was leveled off at about 60 mM. DNA-Mg-modified halloysite nanotubes were used for obtaining a regular pattern on a glass surface by evaporation induced self-assembly process. The obtained spiral-like pattern was highly stable and resisted dissolution after water addition. Our results encompassing modification of non-toxic clay nanotubes with a natural polyanion DNA will find applications for construction of gene delivery vehicles and for halloysite self-assembly on various surfaces (such as skin or hair).
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Baú JPT, Villafañe-Barajas SA, da Costa ACS, Negrón-Mendoza A, Colín-Garcia M, Zaia DAM. Adenine Adsorbed onto Montmorillonite Exposed to Ionizing Radiation: Essays on Prebiotic Chemistry. ASTROBIOLOGY 2020; 20:26-38. [PMID: 31549853 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2018.1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most adsorption and radiolysis experiments related to prebiotic chemistry studies are performed in distilled water or sodium chloride solutions. However, distilled water and sodium chloride solutions do not represent the composition of the primitive seas of Earth. In this work, an artificial seawater with ion abundances Mg2+ > Ca2+ >> Na+ ≈ K+ and SO42- >> Cl- was used, one that is different from the average composition of seawater today. This artificial seawater is named seawater 4.0 Ga, since it better represents the composition of the major constituents of seawater of primitive Earth. The radiolysis of adenine adsorbed onto montmorillonite was studied. The most important result is that adenine is adsorbed onto montmorillonite, when it is dissolved in artificial seawater 4.0 Ga, and the clay protects adenine against gamma radiation decomposition. However, desorption of adenine from montmorillonite was possible only with 0.10 mol L-1 of KOH. This result indicates that adenine was strongly bonded to montmorillonite. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that NH2 group and electrostatic interactions, between negatively charged montmorillonite and positively charged adenine, are responsible for adsorption of adenine onto montmorillonite. In addition, X-ray diffractograms showed that adenine enters in the interlayer space of montmorillonite.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo T Baú
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brasil
| | - Sául A Villafañe-Barajas
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México
| | | | - Alicia Negrón-Mendoza
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México
| | - María Colín-Garcia
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México
| | - Dimas A M Zaia
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brasil
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Pastorek A, Hrnčířová J, Jankovič L, Nejdl L, Civiš S, Ivanek O, Shestivska V, KníŽek A, Kubelík P, Šponer J, Petera L, Křivková A, Cassone G, Vaculovičová M, Šponer JE, Ferus M. Prebiotic synthesis at impact craters: the role of Fe-clays and iron meteorites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10563-10566. [PMID: 31417990 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04627e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Besides delivering plausible prebiotic feedstock molecules and high-energy initiators, extraterrestrial impacts could also affect the process of abiogenesis by altering the early Earth's geological environment in which primitive life was conceived. We show that iron-rich smectites formed by reprocessing of basalts due to the residual post-impact heat could catalyze the synthesis and accumulation of important prebiotic building blocks such as nucleobases, amino acids and urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pastorek
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic.
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Villafañe-Barajas SA, Baú JPT, Colín-García M, Negrón-Mendoza A, Heredia-Barbero A, Pi-Puig T, Zaia DAM. Salinity Effects on the Adsorption of Nucleic Acid Compounds on Na-Montmorillonite: a Prebiotic Chemistry Experiment. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2018; 48:181-200. [PMID: 29392543 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-018-9554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Any proposed model of Earth's primitive environments requires a combination of geochemical variables. Many experiments are prepared in aqueous solutions and in the presence of minerals. However, most sorption experiments are performed in distilled water, and just a few in seawater analogues, mostly inconsistent with a representative primitive ocean model. Therefore, it is necessary to perform experiments that consider the composition and concentration of dissolved salts in the early ocean to understand how these variables could have affected the absorption of organic molecules into minerals. In this work, the adsorption of adenine, adenosine, and 5'AMP onto Na+montmorillonite was studied using a primitive ocean analog (4.0 Ga) from experimental and computational approaches. The order of sorption of the molecules was: 5'AMP > adenine > adenosine. Infrared spectra showed that the interaction between these molecules and montmorillonite occurs through the NH2 group. In addition, electrostatic interaction between negatively charged montmorillonite and positively charge N1 of these molecules could occur. Results indicate that dissolved salts affect the sorption in all cases; the size and structure of each organic molecule influence the amount sorbed. Specifically, the X-ray diffraction patterns show that dissolved salts occupy the interlayer space in Na-montmorillonite and compete with organic molecules for available sites. The adsorption capacity is clearly affected by dissolved salts in thermodynamic terms as deduced by isotherm models. Indeed, molecular dynamic models suggest that salts are absorbed in the interlamellar space and can interact with oxygen atoms exposed in the edges of clay or in its surface, reducing the sorption of the organic molecules. This research shows that the sorption process could be affected by high concentration of salts, since ions and organic molecules may compete for available sites on inorganic surfaces. Salt concentration in primitive oceans may have strongly affected the sorption, and hence the concentration processes of organic molecules on minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl A Villafañe-Barajas
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Cd. Mx., México
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Cd. Mx., México
| | - João Paulo T Baú
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, 86051-990, Brazil
| | - María Colín-García
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Cd. Mx., México.
| | - Alicia Negrón-Mendoza
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Cd. Mx., México
| | - Alejandro Heredia-Barbero
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Cd. Mx., México
| | - Teresa Pi-Puig
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Cd. Mx., México
| | - Dimas A M Zaia
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, 86051-990, Brazil.
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Tangaraj V, Janot JM, Jaber M, Bechelany M, Balme S. Adsorption and photophysical properties of fluorescent dyes over montmorillonite and saponite modified by surfactant. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:1355-1361. [PMID: 28687034 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the adsorption capacities of two intercalated smectites, CTAB-saponite and CTAB-montmorillonite with a cationic surfactant, were investigated with three fluorescent dyes namely Rhodamine 640 perchlorate rhodamine (Rho), sulforhodamine B (SR) and Kiton red 620 (KR). The adsorption isotherms fit well with the non-linear Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacities of all the composites are determined. The photophysical properties such as anisotropy and fluorescence lifetime of all the fluorescent dyes over the clay materials are determined. The set of experimental data based on X-Ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and fluorescence measurements allow highlighting the presence or the absence of interactions between the dyes and the modified clay minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhyadevi Tangaraj
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Marc Janot
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Maguy Jaber
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8220, Laboratoire d'Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale (LAMS), Boîte Courrier 225, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sebastien Balme
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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8
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Rad AS, Aghaei SM, Aali E, Peyravi M, Jahanshahi M. Application of chromium‐doped fullerene as a carrier for thymine and uracil nucleotides: Comprehensive density functional theory calculations. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shokuhi Rad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qaemshahr BranchIslamic Azad University Qaemshahr Iran
| | - Sadegh Mehdi Aghaei
- Quantum Electronic Structures Technology Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFlorida International University Miami Florida 33174 U.S.A
| | - Elaheh Aali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qaemshahr BranchIslamic Azad University Qaemshahr Iran
| | - Majid Peyravi
- Faculty of Chemical EngineeringBabol University of Technology Babol Iran
| | - Mohsen Jahanshahi
- Faculty of Chemical EngineeringBabol University of Technology Babol Iran
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Canhisares-Filho JE, Carneiro CEA, de Santana H, Urbano A, da Costa ACS, Zaia CTBV, Zaia DAM. Characterization of the Adsorption of Nucleic Acid Bases onto Ferrihydrite via Fourier Transform Infrared and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffractometry. ASTROBIOLOGY 2015; 15:728-738. [PMID: 26393397 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2015.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Minerals could have played an important role in concentration, protection, and polymerization of biomolecules. Although iron is the fourth most abundant element in Earth's crust, there are few works in the literature that describe the use of iron oxide-hydroxide in prebiotic chemistry experiments. In the present work, the interaction of adenine, thymine, and uracil with ferrihydrite was studied under conditions that resemble those of prebiotic Earth. At acidic pH, anions in artificial seawater decreased the pH at the point of zero charge (pHpzc) of ferrihydrite; and at basic pH, cations increased the pHpzc. The adsorption of nucleic acid bases onto ferrihydrite followed the order adenine >> uracil > thymine. Adenine adsorption peaked at neutral pH; however, for thymine and uracil, adsorption increased with increasing pH. Electrostatic interactions did not appear to play an important role on the adsorption of nucleic acid bases onto ferrihydrite. Adenine adsorption onto ferrihydrite was higher in distilled water compared to artificial seawater. After ferrihydrite was mixed with artificial seawaters or nucleic acid bases, X-ray diffractograms and Fourier transform infrared spectra did not show any change. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy showed that the interaction of adenine with ferrihydrite was not pH-dependent. In contrast, the interactions of thymine and uracil with ferrihydrite were pH-dependent such that, at basic pH, thymine and uracil lay flat on the surface of ferrihydrite, and at acidic pH, thymine and uracil were perpendicular to the surface. Ferrihydrite adsorbed much more adenine than thymine; thus adenine would have been better protected against degradation by hydrolysis or UV radiation on prebiotic Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- José E Canhisares-Filho
- 1 Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina-PR, Brazil
| | - Cristine E A Carneiro
- 1 Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina-PR, Brazil
| | - Henrique de Santana
- 1 Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina-PR, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Urbano
- 2 Departamento de Física-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina-PR, Brazil
| | - Antonio C S da Costa
- 3 Departamento de Agronomia-CCA, Universidade Estadual de Maringá , Maringá-PR, Brazil
| | - Cássia T B V Zaia
- 4 Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas-CCB, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina-PR, Brazil
| | - Dimas A M Zaia
- 1 Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina , Londrina-PR, Brazil
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10
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Anizelli PR, Baú JPT, Gomes FP, da Costa ACS, Carneiro CEA, Zaia CTBV, Zaia DAM. A Prebiotic Chemistry Experiment on the Adsorption of Nucleic Acids Bases onto a Natural Zeolite. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2015; 45:289-306. [PMID: 25754589 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-015-9401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There are currently few mechanisms that can explain how nucleic acid bases were synthesized, concentrated from dilute solutions, and/or protected against degradation by UV radiation or hydrolysis on the prebiotic Earth. A natural zeolite exhibited the potential to adsorb adenine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil over a range of pH, with greater adsorption of adenine and cytosine at acidic pH. Adsorption of all nucleic acid bases was decreased in artificial seawater compared to water, likely due to cation complexation. Furthermore, adsorption of adenine appeared to protect natural zeolite from thermal degradation. The C=O groups from thymine, cytosine and uracil appeared to assist the dissolution of the mineral while the NH2 group from adenine had no effect. As shown by FT-IR spectroscopy, adenine interacted with a natural zeolite through the NH2 group, and cytosine through the C=O group. A pseudo-second-order model best described the kinetics of adenine adsorption, which occurred faster in artificial seawaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro R Anizelli
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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11
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Hashizume H. Adsorption of nucleic Acid bases, ribose, and phosphate by some clay minerals. Life (Basel) 2015; 5:637-50. [PMID: 25734235 PMCID: PMC4390872 DOI: 10.3390/life5010637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides having a large capacity for taking up organic molecules, clay minerals can catalyze a variety of organic reactions. Derived from rock weathering, clay minerals would have been abundant in the early Earth. As such, they might be expected to play a role in chemical evolution. The interactions of clay minerals with biopolymers, including RNA, have been the subject of many investigations. The behavior of RNA components at clay mineral surfaces needs to be assessed if we are to appreciate how clays might catalyze the formation of nucleosides, nucleotides and polynucleotides in the "RNA world". The adsorption of purines, pyrimidines and nucleosides from aqueous solution to clay minerals is affected by suspension pH. With montmorillonite, adsorption is also influenced by the nature of the exchangeable cations. Here, we review the interactions of some clay minerals with RNA components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hashizume
- National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
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12
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Anizelli PR, Baú JPT, Nabeshima HS, da Costa MF, de Santana H, Zaia DAM. An experimental and theoretical vibrational study of interaction of adenine and thymine with artificial seawaters: A prebiotic chemistry experiment. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 126:184-196. [PMID: 24607468 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid bases play important roles in living beings. Thus, their interaction with salts the prebiotic Earth could be an important issue for the understanding of origin of life. In this study, the effect of pH and artificial seawaters on the structure of adenine and thymine was studied via parallel determinations using FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Thymine and adenine lyophilized in solutions at basic and acidic conditions showed characteristic bands of the enol-imino tautomer due to the deprotonation and the hydrochloride form due to protonation, respectively. The interaction of thymine and adenine with different seawaters representative of different geological periods on Earth was also studied. In the case of thymine a strong interaction with Sr(2+) promoted changes in the Raman and infrared spectra. For adenine changes in infrared and Raman spectra were observed in the presence of salts from all seawaters tested. The experimental results were compared to theoretical calculations, which showed structural changes due to the presence of ions Na(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+) and Sr(2+) of artificial seawaters. For thymine the bands arising from C4=C5 and C6=O stretching were shifted to lower values, and for adenine, a new band at 1310cm(-1) was observed. The reactivity of adenine and thymine was studied by comparing changes in nucleophilicity and energy of the HOMO orbital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro R Anizelli
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - João P T Baú
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Henrique S Nabeshima
- Departamento de Física-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcello F da Costa
- Departamento de Física-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Henrique de Santana
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Dimas A M Zaia
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990 Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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Calabrese I, Cavallaro G, Scialabba C, Licciardi M, Merli M, Sciascia L, Turco Liveri ML. Montmorillonite nanodevices for the colon metronidazole delivery. Int J Pharm 2013; 457:224-36. [PMID: 24076230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption profiles of the antibiotic metronidazole (MNE) into the K10-montmorillonite (MMT-K10) clay and the subsequent release have been investigated as a function of pH and MNE/MMT-K10 ratio, in order to evaluate the potential of the MNE/MMT-K10 hybrids as controlled drug delivery system. The adsorption mechanism has been first elucidated by performing complementary equilibrium and kinetic studies and through the X-ray diffractometry (XRD) characterization of the obtained composite materials. The gathered results allowed us to propose a mechanism consisting of a multi-step pathway involving the neutral and the cationic form of the drug, which interact with different sites of the clay surfaces, i.e. the interlayer region and the faces of the lamella. In a second step the drug release kinetics has been studied under physiological pH mimicking conditions simulating the oral drug administration and delivery. For the sake of comparison the commercial formulation has also been employed for the release studies. The investigation of the release profiles and the comparison with the commercial formulation of the drug reveal that the new-tailor made formulation could be fruitful exploited for successfully prolonged the action of drug in the desired site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Calabrese
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Cleaves HJ, Michalkova Scott A, Hill FC, Leszczynski J, Sahai N, Hazen R. Mineral-organic interfacial processes: potential roles in the origins of life. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5502-25. [PMID: 22743683 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Life is believed to have originated on Earth ∼4.4-3.5 Ga ago, via processes in which organic compounds supplied by the environment self-organized, in some geochemical environmental niches, into systems capable of replication with hereditary mutation. This process is generally supposed to have occurred in an aqueous environment and, likely, in the presence of minerals. Mineral surfaces present rich opportunities for heterogeneous catalysis and concentration which may have significantly altered and directed the process of prebiotic organic complexification leading to life. We review here general concepts in prebiotic mineral-organic interfacial processes, as well as recent advances in the study of mineral surface-organic interactions of potential relevance to understanding the origin of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- H James Cleaves
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Washington, DC 20016, USA
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15
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Baú JPT, Carneiro CEA, de Souza Junior IG, de Souza CMD, da Costa ACS, di Mauro E, Zaia CTBV, Coronas J, Casado C, de Santana H, Zaia DAM. Adsorption of adenine and thymine on zeolites: FT-IR and EPR spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry and SEM studies. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2012; 42:19-29. [PMID: 22011879 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-011-9246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of adenine and thymine with and adsorption on zeolites were studied using different techniques. There were two main findings. First, as shown by X-ray diffractometry, thymine increased the decomposition of the zeolites (Y, ZSM-5) while adenine prevented it. Second, zeolite Y adsorbed almost the same amount of adenine and thymine, thus both nucleic acid bases could be protected from hydrolysis and UV radiation and could be available for molecular evolution. The X-ray diffractometry and SEM showed that artificial seawater almost dissolved zeolite A. The adsorption of adenine on ZSM-5 zeolite was higher than that of thymine (Student-Newman-Keuls test-SNK p<0.05). Adenine was also more greatly adsorbed on ZSM-5 zeolite, when compared to other zeolites (SNK p<0.05). However the adsorption of thymine on different zeolites was not statistically different (SNK p>0.05). The adsorption of adenine and thymine on zeolites did not depend on pore size or Si/Al ratio and it was not explained only by electrostatic forces; rather van der Waals interactions should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo T Baú
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Carneiro CEA, Berndt G, de Souza Junior IG, de Souza CMD, Paesano A, da Costa ACS, di Mauro E, de Santana H, Zaia CTBV, Zaia DAM. Adsorption of adenine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil on sulfide-modified montmorillonite: FT-IR, Mössbauer and EPR spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry studies. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2011; 41:453-68. [PMID: 21717172 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-011-9244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present work the interactions of nucleic acid bases with and adsorption on clays were studied at two pHs (2.00, 7.00) using different techniques. As shown by Mössbauer and EPR spectroscopies and X-ray diffractometry, the most important finding of this work is that nucleic acid bases penetrate into the interlayer of the clays and oxidize Fe(2+) to Fe(3+), thus, this interaction cannot be regarded as a simple physical adsorption. For the two pHs the order of the adsorption of nucleic acid bases on the clays was: adenine ≈ cytosine > thymine > uracil. The adsorption of adenine and cytosine on clays increased with decreasing of the pH. For unaltered montmorillonite this result could be explained by electrostatic forces between adenine/cytosine positively charged and clay negatively charged. However for montmorillonite modified with Na(2)S, probably van der Waals forces also play an important role since both adenine/cytosine and clay were positively charged. FT-IR spectra showed that the interaction between nucleic acid bases and clays was through NH(+) or NH (2) (+) groups. X-ray diffractograms showed that nucleic acid bases adsorbed on clays were distributed into the interlayer surface, edge sites and external surface functional groups (aluminol, silanol) EPR spectra showed that the intensity of the line g ≈ 2 increased probably because the oxidation of Fe(2+) to Fe(3+) by nucleic acid bases and intensity of the line g = 4.1 increased due to the interaction of Fe(3+) with nucleic acid bases. Mössbauer spectra showed a large decreased on the Fe(2+) doublet area of the clays due to the reaction of nucleic acid bases with Fe(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristine E A Carneiro
- Laboratório de Química Prebiótica, Departamento de Química-CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Wu Z, Li H, Ming J, Zhao G. Optimization of adsorption of tea polyphenols into oat β-glucan using response surface methodology. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:378-385. [PMID: 21126008 DOI: 10.1021/jf103003q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Information on interactions between oat β-glucan and tea polyphenols (TP) is not available in the published literatures. Equilibrium dialysis was applied to determine the adsorption of TP into β-glucan, and response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the absorbing variables (pH, temperature, and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) buffer concentration). The equilibrium data at constant temperature were fitted with the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson models. The results showed that the Freundlich model was the best method to describe the experimental data. Parabolic curves were obtained for pH and temperature. In terms of adsorption capacity, factors including temperature, pH/temperature, and buffer concentration/temperature had the greatest influence on the response. The highest adsorption capacity of TP into β-glucan was 134.55 μg mg(-1) at the following optimized conditions: pH 5.56, PBS buffer concentration 0.13 M, and temperature 40 °C. No significant differences (p > 0.05) between the experimental and predicted values confirmed the adequacy of the response surface equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
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