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Hong Y, Lv Z, Xing Z, Xu H, Chand H, Wang J, Li Y. Identification of molecular subtypes and diagnostic model in clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on collagen-related genes may predict the response of immunotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1325447. [PMID: 38375034 PMCID: PMC10875022 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1325447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Collagen represents a prominent constituent of the tumor's extracellular matrix (ECM). Nonetheless, its correlation with the molecular subtype attributes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains elusive. Our objective is to delineate collagen-associated molecular subtypes and further construct diagnostic model, offering insights conducive to the precise selection of ccRCC patients for immunotherapeutic interventions. Methods: We performed unsupervised non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) analysis on TCGA-KIRC samples, utilizing a set of 33 collagen-related differentially expressed genes (33CRDs) for clustering. Our analysis encompassed evaluations of subtype-associated differences in pathways, immune profiles, and somatic mutations. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and four machine learning algorithms, two core genes were found and a diagnostic model was constructed. This was subsequently validated in a clinical immunotherapy cohort. Single cell sequencing analysis and experiments demonstrated the role of core genes in ccRCC. Finally, we also analyzed the roles of MMP9 and SCGN in pan-cancer. Results: We described two novel collagen related molecular subtypes in ccRCC, designated subtype 1 and subtype 2. Compared with subtype 1, subtype 2 showed more infiltration of immune components, but had a higher TIDE (tumor immunedysfunctionandexclusion) score and increased levels of immune checkpoint molecules. Furthermore, reduced prognosis for subtype 2 was a consistent finding in both high and low mutation load subgroups. MMP9 and SCGN were identified as key genes for distinguishing subtype 1 and subtype 2. The diagnostic model based on them could better distinguish the subtype of patients, and the differentiated patients had different progression free survival (PFS) in the clinical immunotherapy cohort. MMP9 was predominantly expressed in macrophages and has been extensively documented in the literature. Meanwhile, SCGN, which was overexpressed in tumor cells, underwent experimental validation, emphasizing its role in ccRCC. In various cancers, MMP9 and SCGN were associated with immune-related molecules and immune cells. Conclusion: Our study identifies two collagen-related molecular subtypes of ccRCC and constructs a diagnostic model to help select appropriate patients for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Hong
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengtong Lv
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Xing
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haozhe Xu
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Harripersaud Chand
- Department of Urology, New Amsterdam Regional Hospital, New Amsterdam, Guyana
| | - Jianxi Wang
- Department of Urology, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Lee JU, Song KS, Hong J, Shin H, Park E, Baek J, Park S, Baek AR, Lee J, Jang AS, Kim DJ, Chin SS, Kim UJ, Jeong SH, Park SW. Role of lung ornithine aminotransferase in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: regulation of mitochondrial ROS generation and TGF-β1 activity. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:478-490. [PMID: 38413821 PMCID: PMC10907606 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by aberrant lung remodeling and the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. In a previous study, we found that the levels of ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), a principal enzyme in the proline metabolism pathway, were increased in the lungs of patients with IPF. However, the precise role played by OAT in the pathogenesis of IPF is not yet clear. The mechanism by which OAT affects fibrogenesis was assessed in vitro using OAT-overexpressing and OAT-knockdown lung fibroblasts. The therapeutic effects of OAT inhibition were assessed in the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice. OAT expression was increased in fibrotic areas, principally in interstitial fibroblasts, of lungs affected by IPF. OAT levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of IPF patients were inversely correlated with lung function. The survival rate was significantly lower in the group with an OAT level >75.659 ng/mL than in the group with an OAT level ≤75.659 ng/mL (HR, 29.53; p = 0.0008). OAT overexpression and knockdown increased and decreased ECM component production by lung fibroblasts, respectively. OAT knockdown also inhibited transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF)-β1 activity and TGF-β1 pathway signaling. OAT overexpression increased the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating proline dehydrogenase. The OAT inhibitor L-canaline significantly attenuated bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis. In conclusion, increased OAT levels in lungs affected by IPF contribute to the progression of fibrosis by promoting excessive mitochondrial ROS production, which in turn activates TGF-β1 signaling. OAT may be a useful target for treating patients with fibrotic lung diseases, including IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Uk Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Ki Sung Song
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Hyesun Shin
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Eunji Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Junyeong Baek
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Shinhee Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Ae-Rin Baek
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Junehyuk Lee
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - An Soo Jang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Do Jin Kim
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - Su Sie Chin
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea
| | - U-Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Environmental Health Center Kangwon National University, Gangwondaehakgil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Jeong
- Department of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Gachon University, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea.
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Tong TYN, Clarke R, Schmidt JA, Huybrechts I, Noor U, Forouhi NG, Imamura F, Travis RC, Weiderpass E, Aleksandrova K, Dahm CC, van der Schouw YT, Overvad K, Kyrø C, Tjønneland A, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Schiborn C, Schulze MB, Mayen-Chacon AL, Masala G, Sieri S, de Magistris MS, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Boer JMA, Verschuren WMM, Brustad M, Nøst TH, Crous-Bou M, Petrova D, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Moreno-Iribas C, Engström G, Melander O, Johansson K, Lindvall K, Aglago EK, Heath AK, Butterworth AS, Danesh J, Key TJ. Dietary amino acids and risk of stroke subtypes: a prospective analysis of 356,000 participants in seven European countries. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:209-220. [PMID: 37804448 PMCID: PMC10799144 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously reported associations of protein-rich foods with stroke subtypes have prompted interest in the assessment of individual amino acids. We examined the associations of dietary amino acids with risks of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in the EPIC study. METHODS We analysed data from 356,142 participants from seven European countries. Dietary intakes of 19 individual amino acids were assessed using validated country-specific dietary questionnaires, calibrated using additional 24-h dietary recalls. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in relation to the intake of each amino acid. The role of blood pressure as a potential mechanism was assessed in 267,642 (75%) participants. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 12.9 years, 4295 participants had an ischaemic stroke and 1375 participants had a haemorrhagic stroke. After correction for multiple testing, a higher intake of proline (as a percent of total protein) was associated with a 12% lower risk of ischaemic stroke (HR per 1 SD higher intake 0.88; 95% CI 0.82, 0.94). The association persisted after mutual adjustment for all other amino acids, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The inverse associations of isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, glutamic acid, serine and tyrosine with ischaemic stroke were each attenuated with adjustment for proline intake. For haemorrhagic stroke, no statistically significant associations were observed in the continuous analyses after correcting for multiple testing. CONCLUSION Higher proline intake may be associated with a lower risk of ischaemic stroke, independent of other dietary amino acids and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Y N Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Julie A Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
- Departments of Clinical Epidemiology, Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Urwah Noor
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Department Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Catarina Schiborn
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute for Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ana-Lucia Mayen-Chacon
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research AIRE-ONLUS, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Jolanda M A Boer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Magritt Brustad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- The Public Dental Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway (TkNN), Tromsø, Norway
| | - Therese Haugdahl Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dafina Petrova
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C. de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C. de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C. de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Conchi Moreno-Iribas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C. de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, SpainInstituto de Salud Pu´Blica de Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarre Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Science in Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Science in Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kristina Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kristina Lindvall
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elom K Aglago
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alicia K Heath
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
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Fathima S, Al Hakeem WG, Selvaraj RK, Shanmugasundaram R. Beyond protein synthesis: the emerging role of arginine in poultry nutrition and host-microbe interactions. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1326809. [PMID: 38235383 PMCID: PMC10791986 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1326809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Arginine is a functional amino acid essential for various physiological processes in poultry. The dietary essentiality of arginine in poultry stems from the absence of the enzyme carbamoyl phosphate synthase-I. The specific requirement for arginine in poultry varies based on several factors, such as age, dietary factors, and physiological status. Additionally, arginine absorption and utilization are also influenced by the presence of antagonists. However, dietary interventions can mitigate the effect of these factors affecting arginine utilization. In poultry, arginine is utilized by four enzymes, namely, inducible nitric oxide synthase arginase, arginine decarboxylase and arginine: glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT). The intermediates and products of arginine metabolism by these enzymes mediate the different physiological functions of arginine in poultry. The most studied function of arginine in humans, as well as poultry, is its role in immune response. Arginine exerts immunomodulatory functions primarily through the metabolites nitric oxide (NO), ornithine, citrulline, and polyamines, which take part in inflammation or the resolution of inflammation. These properties of arginine and arginine metabolites potentiate its use as a nutraceutical to prevent the incidence of enteric diseases in poultry. Furthermore, arginine is utilized by the poultry gut microbiota, the metabolites of which might have important implications for gut microbial composition, immune regulation, metabolism, and overall host health. This comprehensive review provides insights into the multifaceted roles of arginine and arginine metabolites in poultry nutrition and wellbeing, with particular emphasis on the potential of arginine in immune regulation and microbial homeostasis in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahna Fathima
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Ramesh K. Selvaraj
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Ursu Ș, Ciocan A, Ursu CP, Gherman CD, Ciocan RA, Pop RS, Spârchez Z, Zaharie F, Al Hajjar N. Role of Metabolomics in Pathogenesis and Prompt Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer Metastasis-A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3401. [PMID: 37998537 PMCID: PMC10670422 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer is the fourth most frequently diagnosed form of cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The aim of this review is to identify individual metabolic biomarkers and their association with accurate diagnostic values, which can predict gastric cancer metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS After searching the keywords, 83 articles were found over a period of 13 years. One was eliminated because it was not written in English, and two were published outside the selected period. Seven scientific papers were qualified for this investigation after eliminating duplicates, non-related articles, systematic reviews, and restricted access studies. RESULTS New metabolic biomarkers with predictive value for gastric cancer metastasis and for elucidating metabolic pathways of the metastatic process have been found. The pathogenic processes can be outlined as follows: pro-oxidant capacity, T-cell inactivation, cell cycle arrest, energy production and mitochondrial enzyme impairment, cell viability and pro-apoptotic effect, enhanced degradation of collagen extracellular matrix, migration, invasion, structural protein synthesis, and tumoral angiogenesis. CONCLUSION Metabolic biomarkers have been recognized as independent risk factors in the molecular process of gastric cancer metastasis, with good diagnostic and prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ștefan Ursu
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Ș.U.); (C.-P.U.); (F.Z.); (N.A.H.)
- “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andra Ciocan
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Ș.U.); (C.-P.U.); (F.Z.); (N.A.H.)
- “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina-Paula Ursu
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Ș.U.); (C.-P.U.); (F.Z.); (N.A.H.)
- “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Diana Gherman
- Department of Surgery-Practical Abilities, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.D.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Răzvan Alexandru Ciocan
- Department of Surgery-Practical Abilities, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.D.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Rodica Sorina Pop
- Department of Community Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Avram Iancu Street, No. 31, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Zeno Spârchez
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Florin Zaharie
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Ș.U.); (C.-P.U.); (F.Z.); (N.A.H.)
- “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nadim Al Hajjar
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Ș.U.); (C.-P.U.); (F.Z.); (N.A.H.)
- “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Croitorilor Street, No. 19–21, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Luo X, Liu M, Wang S, Chen Y, Bao X, Lv Y, Zhang S, Xu B, Weng X, Bai X, Zeng M, Zhao C, Li J, Jia H, Yu B. Combining metabolomics and OCT to reveal plasma metabolic profiling and biomarkers of plaque erosion and plaque rupture in STEMI patients. Int J Cardiol 2023; 390:131223. [PMID: 37517782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plaque erosion (PE) and plaque rupture (PR) are the main subtypes of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the differences of metabolic patterns between PE and PR remain largely unknown. METHODS 132 STEMI patients were divided into training set (PR, n = 36; PE, n = 36) and test set (PR, n = 30; PE, n = 30), the plasma from patients were analyzed by liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS We identified 56 and 28 differences in training and test set, respectively. Among these metabolites, it was found that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), salicylic acid and proline were recognized in both tests. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under curve of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was 0.81 and 0.75 in training and test samples, respectively; proline was 0.67 and 0.74 in training and test samples, respectively; salicylic acid was 0.70 and 0.73 in training and test samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS DHA, salicylic acid, and proline could be used as non-invasive biomarkers to differentiate PE and PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Minghao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Shengfang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yuwu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Bao
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Biyi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiuzhu Weng
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Haibo Jia
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
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7
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Kumar S, Sega S, Lynn-Barbe JK, Harris DL, Koehn JT, Crans DC, Crick DC. Proline Dehydrogenase and Pyrroline 5 Carboxylate Dehydrogenase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Evidence for Substrate Channeling. Pathogens 2023; 12:1171. [PMID: 37764979 PMCID: PMC10537722 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12091171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In Mycobacterium tuberculosis, proline dehydrogenase (PruB) and ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) dehydrogenase (PruA) are monofunctional enzymes that catalyze proline oxidation to glutamate via the intermediates P5C and L-glutamate-γ-semialdehyde. Both enzymes are essential for the replication of pathogenic M. tuberculosis. Highly active enzymes were expressed and purified using a Mycobacterium smegmatis expression system. The purified enzymes were characterized using natural substrates and chemically synthesized analogs. The structural requirements of the quinone electron acceptor were examined. PruB displayed activity with all tested lipoquinone analogs (naphthoquinone or benzoquinone). In PruB assays utilizing analogs of the native naphthoquinone [MK-9 (II-H2)] specificity constants Kcat/Km were an order of magnitude greater for the menaquinone analogs than the benzoquinone analogs. In addition, mycobacterial PruA was enzymatically characterized for the first time using exogenous chemically synthesized P5C. A Km value of 120 ± 0.015 µM was determined for P5C, while the Km value for NAD+ was shown to be 33 ± 4.3 µM. Furthermore, proline competitively inhibited PruA activity and coupled enzyme assays, suggesting that the recombinant purified monofunctional PruB and PruA enzymes of M. tuberculosis channel substrate likely increase metabolic flux and protect the bacterium from methylglyoxal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA; (S.K.)
| | - Steven Sega
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA; (S.K.)
| | - Jamie K. Lynn-Barbe
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA; (S.K.)
| | - Dannika L. Harris
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA; (S.K.)
| | - Jordan T. Koehn
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA;
| | - Debbie C. Crans
- Chemistry Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA;
| | - Dean C. Crick
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1682, USA; (S.K.)
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8
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Yuan Z, Wang J, Qu Q, Zhu Z, Xu M, Zhao M, Sun C, Peng H, Huang X, Dong Y, Dong C, Zheng Y, Yuan S, Li Y. Celastrol Combats Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Targeting Δ 1 -Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Dehydrogenase. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302459. [PMID: 37381655 PMCID: PMC10477891 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) raise a critical need for alternative therapeutic options. New antibacterial drugs and targets are required to combat MRSA-associated infections. Based on this study, celastrol, a natural product from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., effectively combats MRSA in vitro and in vivo. Multi-omics analysis suggests that the molecular mechanism of action of celastrol may be related to Δ1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH). By comparing the properties of wild-type and rocA-deficient MRSA strains, it is demonstrated that P5CDH, the second enzyme of the proline catabolism pathway, is a tentative new target for antibacterial agents. Using molecular docking, bio-layer interferometry, and enzyme activity assays, it is confirmed that celastrol can affect the function of P5CDH. Furthermore, it is found through site-directed protein mutagenesis that the Lys205 and Glu208 residues are key for celastrol binding to P5CDH. Finally, mechanistic studies show that celastrol induces oxidative stress and inhibits DNA synthesis by binding to P5CDH. The findings of this study indicate that celastrol is a promising lead compound and validate P5CDH as a potential target for the development of novel drugs against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Yuan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Jun Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Qianwei Qu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Zhenxin Zhu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Marc Xu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Chongxiang Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Haixin Peng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Xingyu Huang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Yue Dong
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Chunliu Dong
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Yadan Zheng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
| | - Shuguang Yuan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentCollege of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China
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9
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Phelan DE, Mota C, Strowitzki MJ, Shigemura M, Sznajder JI, Crowe L, Masterson JC, Hayes SE, Reddan B, Yin X, Brennan L, Crean D, Cummins EP. Hypercapnia alters mitochondrial gene expression and acylcarnitine production in monocytes. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:556-577. [PMID: 36967673 PMCID: PMC10330468 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
CO2 is produced during aerobic respiration. Normally, levels of CO2 in the blood are tightly regulated but pCO2 can rise (hypercapnia, pCO2 > 45 mmHg) in patients with lung diseases, for example, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Hypercapnia is a risk factor in COPD but may be of benefit in the context of destructive inflammation. The effects of CO2 per se, on transcription, independent of pH change are poorly understood and warrant further investigation. Here we elucidate the influence of hypercapnia on monocytes and macrophages through integration of state-of-the-art RNA-sequencing, metabolic and metabolomic approaches. THP-1 monocytes and interleukin 4-polarized primary murine macrophages were exposed to 5% CO2 versus 10% CO2 for up to 24 h in pH-buffered conditions. In hypercapnia, we identified around 370 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under basal and about 1889 DEGs under lipopolysaccharide-stimulated conditions in monocytes. Transcripts relating to both mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded gene expression were enhanced in hypercapnia in basal and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells. Mitochondrial DNA content was not enhanced, but acylcarnitine species and genes associated with fatty acid metabolism were increased in hypercapnia. Primary macrophages exposed to hypercapnia also increased activation of genes associated with fatty acid metabolism and reduced activation of genes associated with glycolysis. Thus, hypercapnia elicits metabolic shifts in lipid metabolism in monocytes and macrophages under pH-buffered conditions. These data indicate that CO2 is an important modulator of monocyte transcription that can influence immunometabolic signaling in immune cells in hypercapnia. These immunometabolic insights may be of benefit in the treatment of patients experiencing hypercapnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Phelan
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catarina Mota
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Moritz J Strowitzki
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Masahiko Shigemura
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacob I Sznajder
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Louise Crowe
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodeling Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Joanne C Masterson
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodeling Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Sophie E Hayes
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ben Reddan
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel Crean
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin P Cummins
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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10
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De Martino D, Bravo-Cordero JJ. Collagens in Cancer: Structural Regulators and Guardians of Cancer Progression. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1386-1392. [PMID: 36638361 PMCID: PMC10159947 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Collagen is one of the most abundant proteins in animals and a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tissues. Besides playing a role as a structural building block of tissues, collagens can modulate the behavior of cells, and their deregulation can promote diseases such as cancer. In tumors, collagens and many other ECM molecules are mainly produced by fibroblasts, and recent evidence points toward a role of tumor-derived collagens in tumor progression and metastasis. In this review, we focus on the newly discovered functions of collagens in cancer. Novel findings have revealed the role of collagens in tumor dormancy and immune evasion, as well as their interplay with cancer cell metabolism. Collagens could serve as prognostic markers for patients with cancer, and therapeutic strategies targeting the collagen ECM have the potential to prevent tumor progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela De Martino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
| | - Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
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11
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Linju MC, Rekha MR. Proline conjugated chitosan as wound healing material: In vitro studies on the influence of the scaffold on collagen production and wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124688. [PMID: 37137350 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports the development of L-proline conjugated chitosan scaffold for wound healing application. Proline plays a beneficial role in collagen synthesis, and as a biochemical, it has the potential to modulate wound healing. In this regard, amino acid L-proline was conjugated onto chitosan, and the scaffolds were synthesised. FTIR and NMR analysis confirmed amino acid conjugation. The prepared scaffold was characterized by studies such as swelling, dissolution, tensile strength, porosity, water-vapor transmission rate and in-vitro healing properties. Cell viability assay showed that the scaffold has no cytotoxicity against the L929 and HaCaT cells. The in-vitro wound healing potential of the scaffold by scratch wound assay on the L929 cell line showed 53.35 ± 2.3 %, 72.96 ± 2.2 %, and 50.89 ± 0.3 % wound closure for CS-P 200, CS-P 400 and CS-P 600, respectively when compared to native CS scaffold (38.86 ± 1.6 %). A similar observation was found with HaCaT cells too. The studies showed that the modified scaffold promotes collagen deposition from fibroblast cells. These findings suggest that scaffold cues remodel the wound microenvironment for a better wound-healing state, and the L-proline conjugated scaffold may have considerable potential as a wound dressing to improve wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Linju
- Division of Biosurface Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - M R Rekha
- Division of Biosurface Technology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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12
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Pekkoc-Uyanik KC, Aslan EI, Kilicarslan O, Ser OS, Ozyildirim S, Yanar F, Yildiz A, Ozturk O, Yilmaz-Aydogan H. Next-generation sequencing of prolidase gene identifies novel and common variants associated with low prolidase in coronary artery ectasia. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1349-1365. [PMID: 36462085 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08142-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased collagen biosynthesis and increased collagenolysis can cause ectasia progression in the arterial walls. Prolidase is a key enzyme in collagen synthesis; a decrease in prolidase activity or level may decrease collagen biosynthesis, which may contribute to ectasia formation. Considering that, the variations in PEPD gene encoding prolidase enzyme were evaluated by analyzing next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the first time together with known risk factors in coronary artery ectasia (CAE) patients. METHODS Molecular analysis of the PEPD gene was performed on genomic DNA by NGS in 76 CAE patients and 76 controls. The serum levels of prolidase were measured by the sandwich-ELISA technique. RESULTS Serum prolidase levels were significantly lower in CAE group compared to control group, and it was significantly lower in males than females in both groups (p < 0.001). On the other hand, elevated prolidase levels were observed in CAE patients in the presence of diabetes (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.05) and hyperlipidemia (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the low prolidase level (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.02) and hyperlipidemia (p < 0.012) were significantly associated with increased CAE risk. We identified four missense mutations in the PEPD gene, namely G296S, T266A, P365L and S134C (novel) that could be associated with CAE. The pathogenicity of these mutations was predicted to be "damaging" for G296S, S134C and P365L, but "benign" for T266A. We also identified a novel 5'UTR variation (Chr19:34012748 G>A) in one patient who had a low prolidase level. In addition, rs17570 and rs1061338 common variations of the PEPD gene were associated with low prolidase levels in CAE patients, while rs17569 variation was associated with high prolidase levels in both CAE and controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the low serum prolidase levels observed in CAE patients is significantly associated with PEPD gene variations. It was concluded that low serum prolidase level and associated PEPD mutations may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of CAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Cigdem Pekkoc-Uyanik
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Irmak Aslan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Onur Kilicarslan
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Selim Ser
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serhan Ozyildirim
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Yanar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yildiz
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguz Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yilmaz-Aydogan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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13
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Daudu OI, Meeks KR, Zhang L, Seravalli J, Tanner JJ, Becker DF. Functional Impact of a Cancer-Related Variant in Human Δ 1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase 1. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3509-3519. [PMID: 36713721 PMCID: PMC9878632 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (PYCR) is a proline biosynthetic enzyme that catalyzes the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) to proline. Humans have three PYCR isoforms, with PYCR1 often upregulated in different types of cancers. Here, we studied the biochemical and structural properties of the Thr171Met variant of PYCR1, which is found in patients with malignant melanoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Although PYCR1 is strongly associated with cancer progression, characterization of a PYCR1 variant in cancer patients has not yet been reported. Thr171 is conserved in all three PYCR isozymes and is located near the P5C substrate binding site. We found that the amino acid replacement does not affect thermostability but has a profound effect on PYCR1 catalytic activity. The k cat of the PYCR1 variant T171M is 100- to 200-fold lower than wild-type PYCR1 when P5C is the variable substrate, and 10- to 25-fold lower when NAD(P)H is varied. A 1.84 Å resolution X-ray crystal structure of T171M reveals that the Met side chain invades the P5C substrate binding site, suggesting that the catalytic defect is due to steric clash preventing P5C from achieving the optimal pose for hydride transfer from NAD(P)H. These results suggest that any impact on PYCR1 function associated with T171M in cancer does not derive from increased catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oseeyi I. Daudu
- Department
of Biochemistry, Redox Biology Center, University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Kaylen R. Meeks
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department
of Biochemistry, Redox Biology Center, University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Javier Seravalli
- Department
of Biochemistry, Redox Biology Center, University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - John J. Tanner
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Donald F. Becker
- Department
of Biochemistry, Redox Biology Center, University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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14
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Jia YW, Wang P, Yang S, Huang Z, Liu YH, Zhao JL. Influence of microplastics on triclosan bioaccumulation and metabolomics variation in Tilapia fish tissues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62984-62993. [PMID: 35445920 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and chemical pollutants usually coexist in aquatic environments. The bioaccumulation and metabolism of pollutants in aquatic organisms can be influenced by MPs. In this study, the bioaccumulation of triclosan (TCS) in tilapia tissues was determined, and metabolomics in the liver, gills, and gut were investigated after 10-day exposure to micro-sized polystyrene (PS) and TCS in water. The results showed that TCS bioaccumulated in various tissues, with the highest average concentration of 2728 ± 577 ng g-1 in the gut. The log bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for TCS in these tissues were in the range of 0.99-3.56. Compared to the TCS treatment alone, MPs showed enhancement on the bioaccumulation of TCS in tilapia skin, liver, gut, gills, and stomach tissues in the TCS plus MP exposure. Especially in the skin and liver, the TCS concentrations were up to 2.06 and 1.38 times higher in the co-exposure of TCS and MPs, respectively. Based on the metabolomic analysis, MPs mainly disturbed the lipid and energy metabolism in tilapia fish. The altered metabolites between treatment with TCS alone and TCS + MPs were consistent, indicating that TCS has stronger disturbance in lipid and energy metabolism than MPs. This implies that the metabolism influence by the mixture of MPs and compounds is complicated in fish tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Jia
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussel, Belgium
| | - Ping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica, Guangzhou, 510440, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sheng Yang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Huang
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Hong Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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15
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Lei C, Gong D, Zhuang B, Zhang Z. Alterations in the gastric microbiota and metabolites in gastric cancer: An update review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:960281. [PMID: 36081564 PMCID: PMC9445122 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.960281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Numerous studies have shown that the gastric microbiota can contribute to the occurrence and development of GC by generating harmful microbial metabolites, suggesting the possibility of discovering biomarkers. Metabolomics has emerged as an advanced promising analytical method for the analysis of microbiota-derived metabolites, which have greatly accelerated our understanding of host-microbiota metabolic interactions in GC. In this review, we briefly compiled recent research progress on the changes of gastric microbiota and its metabolites associated with GC. And we further explored the application of metabolomics and gastric microbiome association analysis in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of GC.
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16
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Nanoconfined liquid phase nanoextraction combined with in-fiber derivatization for simultaneous quantification of seventy amino-containing metabolites in plasma by LC-MS/MS: Exploration of lung cancer screening model. Talanta 2022; 245:123452. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Lian P, Zhao X, Song H, Tanumiharjo S, Chen J, Wang T, Chen S, Lu L. Metabolic characterization of human intraocular fluid in patients with pathological myopia. Exp Eye Res 2022; 222:109184. [PMID: 35820467 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pathological myopia (PM) and its associated complications can lead to permanent vision loss. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying PM development remain unclear. To identify the metabolic alterations that may contribute to the pathophysiology of PM, we performed non-targeted metabolomics analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in age- and sex-matched patients with PM (n = 30) and individuals without myopia as controls (n = 30). Targeted metabolomics and insulin microarray were used to validate the results. We identified 508 metabolites in the aqueous humour (AH) and 601 in the vitreous humour (VH). Statistical evaluation revealed that 104 metabolites in AH and 114 metabolites in VH were significantly different between the two groups (variable important for the projection >1, fold change >1.5, or < 0.667, and P < 0.05). The four metabolic pathways enriched in both AH and VH identified to be associated with PM were: bile secretion, insulin secretion, thyroid hormone synthesis, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. The concentration of 10 amino acids was significantly higher in the PM than in the controls. Insulin microarray analysis showed that insulin, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), IGF-2R, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1), IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6 levels were significantly higher in PM patients compared to that in the controls. Thus, this study identified potential metabolite biomarkers for PM and provided novel insights into the mechanisms underlying this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Huiying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Silvia Tanumiharjo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shida Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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18
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Minchiotti G, D’Aniello C, Fico A, De Cesare D, Patriarca EJ. Capturing Transitional Pluripotency through Proline Metabolism. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142125. [PMID: 35883568 PMCID: PMC9323356 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of proline metabolism in the control of the identity of Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs). An imbalance in proline metabolism shifts mouse ESCs toward a stable naïve-to-primed intermediate state of pluripotency. Proline-induced cells (PiCs), also named primitive ectoderm-like cells (EPLs), are phenotypically metastable, a trait linked to a rapid and reversible relocalization of E-cadherin from the plasma membrane to intracellular membrane compartments. The ESC-to-PiC transition relies on the activation of Erk and Tgfβ/Activin signaling pathways and is associated with extensive remodeling of the transcriptome, metabolome and epigenome. PiCs maintain several properties of naïve pluripotency (teratoma formation, blastocyst colonization and 3D gastruloid development) and acquire a few traits of primed cells (flat-shaped colony morphology, aerobic glycolysis metabolism and competence for primordial germ cell fate). Overall, the molecular and phenotypic features of PiCs resemble those of an early-primed state of pluripotency, providing a robust model to study the role of metabolic perturbations in pluripotency and cell fate decisions.
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19
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Huynh TYL, Oscilowska I, Szoka L, Piktel E, Baszanowska W, Bielawska K, Bucki R, Miltyk W, Palka J. Metformin Induces PRODH/POX-Dependent Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:869413. [PMID: 35733940 PMCID: PMC9207455 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.869413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the antineoplastic activity of metformin (MET) is well established, the underlying mechanism of the activity is not understood. Since MET activates AMP kinase (AMPK) and proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX) is stimulated by AMPK ligands (implicated in the regulation of cancer cell survival/apoptosis), the effect of MET on PRODH/POX-dependent apoptosis in wild-type MCF-7 cells (MCF-7WT) and POX knockdown MCF-7 cells (MCF-7crPOX cells) was studied. PRODH/POX catalyzes proline degradation generating ROS-induced apoptosis or autophagy. Availability of proline for PRODH/POX functions is regulated by the activity of prolidase (enzyme releasing proline from imidodipeptides), collagen biosynthesis (process consuming proline), and metabolism of proline, ornithine, and glutamic acid. We have found that MET is cytotoxic for MCF-7 cells (IC50∼17 mM), and to the lower extent for MCF-7crPOX cells (IC50∼28 mM). In MCF-7WT cells, the effect was accompanied by the inhibition of DNA biosynthesis, collagen biosynthesis, stimulation of ROS formation, AMPKα phosphorylation, and expression of prolidase, p53, caspase 8, caspase 9, and cleaved PARP. In MET-treated MCF-7crPOX cells, the processes were less affected than in MCF-7WT cells and the expression of caspase 9 was decreased, while cleaved caspase 8 and cleaved PARP were not detected. The effects were accompanied by an increase in the prolidase activity and proline concentration. The mechanism for MET-induced apoptosis involves the up-regulation of prolidase activity and a decrease in collagen biosynthesis contributing to an increase in the concentration of substrate (proline) for PRODH/POX-dependent ROS formation and activation of caspases −9 and −8. The data suggest that PRODH/POX participates in the MET-induced intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis in MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Yen Ly Huynh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ilona Oscilowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Lukasz Szoka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Weronika Baszanowska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bielawska
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biopharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jerzy Palka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- *Correspondence: Jerzy Palka,
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20
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Derous D, Kebke A, Fair PA, Styczynski M, Bossart GD, Douglas A, Lusseau D. Untargeted plasma metabolomic analysis of wild bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) indicate protein degradation when in poorer health. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 42:100991. [PMID: 35512616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cumulative exposure to sub-lethal anthropogenic stressors can affect the health and reproduction of coastal cetaceans and hence their population viability. To date, we do not have a clear understanding of the notion of health for cetaceans in an ecological context; that is, how health status affects the ability of individuals to survive and reproduce. Here, we make use of a unique health-monitoring programme of estuarine bottlenose dolphins in South Carolina and Florida to determine de novo changes in biological pathways, using untargeted plasma metabolomics, depending on the health status of individuals obtained from veterinary screening. We found that individuals that were in a poor health state had lower circulating amino acids pointing towards increased involvement of gluconeogenesis (i.e., new formation of glucose). More mechanistic work is needed to disentangle the interconnection between health and energy metabolism in cetaceans to mediate potential metabolic constraints they may face during periods of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davina Derous
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
| | - Anna Kebke
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. https://twitter.com/AnnaKebke
| | - Patricia A Fair
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29412, United States
| | - Mark Styczynski
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Gregory D Bossart
- Animal Health, Research and Conservation, Georgia Aquarium, NW Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alex Douglas
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. https://twitter.com/Scedacity
| | - David Lusseau
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Danish Technical University, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
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21
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Prodhan UK, Milan AM, Shrestha A, Vickers MH, Cameron-Smith D, Barnett MPG. Circulatory amino acid responses to milk consumption in dairy and lactose intolerant individuals. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1415-1422. [PMID: 35459911 PMCID: PMC9550627 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background/objectives Self-reported digestive intolerance to dairy foods is common. As dairy can be an important source of dietary protein, this study aimed to identify whether milk protein digestion is compromised in individuals with digestive intolerance. Subjects/methods Adult women (n = 40) were enroled in this double-blinded, randomised cross-over trial, with digestive symptoms characterised using a lactose challenge and self-reported digestive symptom questionnaire. Participants were classified as either lactose intolerant (LI, n = 10), non-lactose dairy intolerant (NLDI, n = 20) or dairy tolerant (DT, n = 10). In a randomised sequence, participants consumed three different kinds of milk (750 ml); conventional milk (CON), a2 Milk™ (A2M), and lactose-free conventional milk (LF-CON). Circulatory plasma amino acid (AA) concentrations were measured at baseline and every 30 min until 3 h post-ingestion. Results In all participants across all milk types, plasma AA concentrations (AUC0-180) increased after milk ingestion with no significant differences in responses observed between milk types or participants (P > 0.05), with the exception of the suppressed lysine response in the DT group following A2M ingestion, relative to the other two groups and milk types (P < 0.05). Conclusion Milk protein digestion, as determined by circulatory AAs, is largely unaffected by dairy- and lactose- intolerances. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Utpal Kumar Prodhan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.,The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Amber Marie Milan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.,Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Limited, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - Aahana Shrestha
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.,The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Mark Hedley Vickers
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.,The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, 117609, Singapore
| | - Matthew Philip Greig Barnett
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand. .,Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Limited, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand. .,The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.
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22
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Proline Metabolism in Malignant Gliomas: A Systematic Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082030. [PMID: 35454935 PMCID: PMC9027994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Studies of various types of cancers have found proline metabolism to be a key player in tumor development, involved in basic metabolic pathways, regulating cell proliferation, survival, and signaling. Here, we systematically searched the literature to find data on proline metabolism in malignant glial tumors. Despite limited availability, existing studies have found several ways in which proline metabolism may affect the development of gliomas, involving the maintenance of redox balance, providing essential glutamate, and affecting major signaling pathways. Metabolomic profiling has revealed the importance of proline as a link to basic cell metabolic cycles and shown it to be correlated with overall survival. Emerging knowledge on the role of proline in general oncology encourages further studies on malignant gliomas. Abstract Background: Proline has attracted growing interest because of its diverse influence on tumor metabolism and the discovery of the regulatory mechanisms that appear to be involved. In contrast to general oncology, data on proline metabolism in central nervous system malignancies are limited. Materials and Methods: We performed a systematic literature review of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases according to PRISMA guidelines, searching for articles concerning proline metabolism in malignant glial tumors. From 815 search results, we identified 14 studies pertaining to this topic. Results: The role of the proline cycle in maintaining redox balance in IDH-mutated gliomas has been convincingly demonstrated. Proline is involved in restoring levels of glutamate, the main glial excitatory neurotransmitter. Proline oxidase influences two major signaling pathways: p53 and NF- κB. In metabolomics studies, the metabolism of proline and its link to the urea cycle was found to be a prognostic factor for survival and a marker of malignancy. Data on the prolidase concentration in the serum of glioblastoma patients are contradictory. Conclusions: Despite a paucity of studies in the literature, the available data are interesting enough to encourage further research, especially in terms of extrapolating what we have learned of proline functions from other neoplasms to malignant gliomas.
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23
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NSAIDs Induce Proline Dehydrogenase/Proline Oxidase-Dependent and Independent Apoptosis in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073813. [PMID: 35409177 PMCID: PMC8998922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are considered in cancer therapy for their inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is overexpressed in most cancers. However, we found that NSAIDs as ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ)-induced apoptosis independent of the COX-2 inhibition, and the process was mediated through activation of proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX)-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This mitochondrial enzyme converts proline to ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) during which ATP or ROS is generated. To confirm the role of PRODH/POX in the mechanism of NSAID-induced apoptosis we obtained an MCF7 CRISPR/Cas9 PRODH/POX knockout breast cancer cell model (MCF7POK-KO). Interestingly, the studied NSAIDs (indomethacin and diclofenac) in MCF7POK-KO cells contributed to a more pronounced pro-apoptotic phenotype of the cells than in PRODH/POX-expressing MCF7 cells. The observed effect was independent of ROS generation, but it was related to the energetic disturbances in the cells as shown by an increase in the expression of AMPKα (sensor of cell energy status), GLUD1/2 (proline producing enzyme from glutamate), prolidase (proline releasing enzyme), PPARδ (growth supporting transcription factor) and a decrease in the expression of proline cycle enzymes (PYCR1, PYCRL), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and collagen biosynthesis (the main proline utilizing process). The data provide evidence that the studied NSAIDs induce PRODH/POX-dependent and independent apoptosis in MCF7 breast cancer cells.
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24
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Zhu W, Butrin A, Melani RD, Doubleday PF, Ferreira GM, Tavares MT, Habeeb Mohammad TS, Beaupre BA, Kelleher NL, Moran GR, Liu D, Silverman RB. Rational Design, Synthesis, and Mechanism of (3 S,4 R)-3-Amino-4-(difluoromethyl)cyclopent-1-ene-1-carboxylic Acid: Employing a Second-Deprotonation Strategy for Selectivity of Human Ornithine Aminotransferase over GABA Aminotransferase. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5629-5642. [PMID: 35293728 PMCID: PMC9181902 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human ornithine aminotransferase (hOAT) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that contains a similar active site to that of γ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT). Recently, pharmacological inhibition of hOAT was recognized as a potential therapeutic approach for hepatocellular carcinoma. In this work, we first studied the inactivation mechanisms of hOAT by two well-known GABA-AT inactivators (CPP-115 and OV329). Inspired by the inactivation mechanistic difference between these two aminotransferases, a series of analogues were designed and synthesized, leading to the discovery of analogue 10b as a highly selective and potent hOAT inhibitor. Intact protein mass spectrometry, protein crystallography, and dialysis experiments indicated that 10b was converted to an irreversible tight-binding adduct (34) in the active site of hOAT, as was the unsaturated analogue (11). The comparison of kinetic studies between 10b and 11 suggested that the active intermediate (17b) was only generated in hOAT and not in GABA-AT. Molecular docking studies and pKa computational calculations highlighted the importance of chirality and the endocyclic double bond for inhibitory activity. The turnover mechanism of 10b was supported by mass spectrometric analysis of dissociable products and fluoride ion release experiments. Notably, the stopped-flow experiments were highly consistent with the proposed mechanism, suggesting a relatively slow hydrolysis rate for hOAT. The novel second-deprotonation mechanism of 10b contributes to its high potency and significantly enhanced selectivity for hOAT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Arseniy Butrin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Rafael D Melani
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter F Doubleday
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Glaucio Monteiro Ferreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mauricio T Tavares
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Thahani S Habeeb Mohammad
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brett A Beaupre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Graham R Moran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Dali Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Richard B Silverman
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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25
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Proline Dehydrogenase/Proline Oxidase (PRODH/POX) Is Involved in the Mechanism of Metformin-Induced Apoptosis in C32 Melanoma Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042354. [PMID: 35216470 PMCID: PMC8876342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX) in the mechanism of antineoplastic activity of metformin (MET) was studied in C32 melanoma cells. PRODH/POX is a mitochondrial enzyme-degrading proline that is implicated in the regulation of cancer cell survival/apoptosis. The enzyme is activated by AMP kinase (AMPK). It has been found that MET induced a significant decrease in cell viability and DNA biosynthesis accompanied by an increase in the expressions of AMPK and PRODH/POX in C32 cells. The mechanism for MET-dependent cytotoxicity on C32 cells was found at the level of PRODH/POX-induced ROS generation and activation of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 expressions in these cells. The effects were not observed in MET-treated PRODH/POX knock-out C32 cells. Of interest is an MET-dependent increase in the concentration of proline, which is a substrate for PRODH/POX. This phenomenon is due to the MET-dependent inhibition of collagen biosynthesis, which is the main proline-utilizing process. It has been found that the underlying mechanism of anticancer activity of MET involves the activation of AMPK, PRODH/POX, increase in the cytoplasmic concentration of proline, inhibition of collagen biosynthesis, and stimulation of PRODH/POX-dependent ROS generation, which initiate the apoptosis of melanoma cells.
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26
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Metformin Treatment or PRODH/POX-Knock out Similarly Induces Apoptosis by Reprograming of Amino Acid Metabolism, TCA, Urea Cycle and Pentose Phosphate Pathway in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121888. [PMID: 34944532 PMCID: PMC8699520 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been considered that proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX) is involved in antineoplastic activity of metformin (MET). The aim of this study is identification of key metabolites of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), tricarboxylic acids (TCA), urea cycles (UC) and some amino acids in MET-treated MCF-7 cells and PRODH/POX-knocked out MCF-7 (MCF-7crPOX) cells. MCF-7crPOX cells were generated by using CRISPR-Cas9. Targeted metabolomics was performed by LC-MS/MS/QqQ. Expression of pro-apoptotic proteins was evaluated by Western blot. In the absence of glutamine, MET treatment or PRODH/POX-knock out of MCF-7 cells contributed to similar inhibition of glycolysis (drastic increase in intracellular glucose and pyruvate) and increase in the utilization of phospho-enol-pyruvic acid, glucose-6-phosphate and some metabolites of TCA and UC, contributing to apoptosis. However, in the presence of glutamine, MET treatment or PRODH/POX-knock out of MCF-7 cells contributed to utilization of some studied metabolites (except glucose), facilitating pro-survival phenotype of MCF-7 cells in these conditions. It suggests that MET treatment or PRODH/POX-knock out induce similar metabolic effects (glucose starvation) and glycolysis is tightly linked to glutamine metabolism in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The data provide insight into mechanism of anticancer activity of MET as an approach to further studies on experimental breast cancer therapy.
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27
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Lewoniewska S, Oscilowska I, Forlino A, Palka J. Understanding the Role of Estrogen Receptor Status in PRODH/POX-Dependent Apoptosis/Survival in Breast Cancer Cells. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121314. [PMID: 34943229 PMCID: PMC8698543 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that activation of estrogen receptor α (ER α) stimulates cell proliferation. In contrast, estrogen receptor β (ER β) has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity. Although the role of estrogens in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer progression has been well established, the mechanism of their effect on apoptosis is not fully understood. It has been considered that ER status of breast cancer cells and estrogen availability might determine proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX)-dependent apoptosis. PRODH/POX is a mitochondrial enzyme that converts proline into pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C). During this process, ATP (adenosine triphosphate) or ROS (reactive oxygen species) are produced, facilitating cell survival or death, respectively. However, the critical factor in driving PRODH/POX-dependent functions is proline availability. The amount of this amino acid is regulated at the level of prolidase (proline releasing enzyme), collagen biosynthesis (proline utilizing process), and glutamine, glutamate, α-ketoglutarate, and ornithine metabolism. Estrogens were found to upregulate prolidase activity and collagen biosynthesis. It seems that in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells, prolidase supports proline for collagen biosynthesis, limiting its availability for PRODH/POX-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, lack of free proline (known to upregulate the transcriptional activity of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, HIF-1) contributes to downregulation of HIF-1-dependent pro-survival activity. The complex regulatory mechanism also involves PRODH/POX expression and activity. It is induced transcriptionally by p53 and post-transcriptionally by AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), which is regulated by ERs. The review also discusses the role of interconversion of proline/glutamate/ornithine in supporting proline to PRODH/POX-dependent functions. The data suggest that PRODH/POX-induced apoptosis is dependent on ER status in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Lewoniewska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Ilona Oscilowska
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/B, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Jerzy Palka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-5706
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P5C as an Interface of Proline Interconvertible Amino Acids and Its Role in Regulation of Cell Survival and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111763. [PMID: 34769188 PMCID: PMC8584052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of cancer metabolism have focused on the production of energy and the interconversion of carbons between cell cycles. More recently, amino acid metabolism, especially non-essential amino acids (NEAAs), has been investigated, underlining their regulatory role. One of the important mediators in energy production and interconversion of carbons in the cell is Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C)—the physiological intracellular intermediate of the interconversion of proline, ornithine, and glutamate. As a central component of these conversions, it links the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), urea cycle (UC), and proline cycle (PC). P5C has a cyclic structure containing a tertiary nitrogen atom (N) and is in tautomeric equilibrium with the open-chain form of L-glutamate-γ-semialdehyde (GSAL). P5C is produced by P5C synthase (P5CS) from glutamate, and ornithine via ornithine δ-amino acid transferase (δOAT). It can also be converted to glutamate by P5C dehydrogenase (P5CDH). P5C is both a direct precursor of proline and a product of its degradation. The conversion of P5C to proline is catalyzed by P5C reductase (PYCR), while proline to P5C by proline dehydrogenase/oxidase (PRODH/POX). P5C-proline-P5C interconversion forms a functional redox couple. Their transformations are accompanied by the transfer of a reducing-oxidizing potential, that affect the NADP+/NADPH ratio and a wide variety of processes, e.g., the synthesis of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP), and purine ribonucleotides, which are crucial for DNA synthesis. This review focuses on the metabolism of P5C in the cell as an interconversion mediator of proline, glutamate, and ornithine and its role in the regulation of survival and death with particular emphasis on the metabolic context.
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Redox Regulation and Oxidative Stress in Mammalian Oocytes and Embryos Developed In Vivo and In Vitro. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111374. [PMID: 34769890 PMCID: PMC8583213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oocytes and preimplantation embryos require careful regulation of the redox environment for optimal development both in vivo and in vitro. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated throughout development as a result of cellular metabolism and enzyme reactions. ROS production can result in (i) oxidative eustress, where ROS are helpful signalling molecules with beneficial physiological functions and where the redox state of the cell is maintained within homeostatic range by a closely coupled system of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes, or (ii) oxidative distress, where excess ROS are deleterious and impair normal cellular function. in vitro culture of embryos exacerbates ROS production due to a range of issues including culture-medium composition and laboratory culture conditions. This increase in ROS can be detrimental not only to assisted reproductive success rates but can also result in epigenetic and genetic changes in the embryo, resulting in transgenerational effects. This review examines the effects of oxidative stress in the oocyte and preimplantation embryo in both the in vivo and in vitro environment, identifies mechanisms responsible for oxidative stress in the oocyte/embryo in culture and approaches to reduce these problems, and briefly examines the potential impacts on future generations.
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Brown CLJ, Zaytsoff SJM, Montina T, Inglis GD. Corticosterone-Mediated Physiological Stress Alters Liver, Kidney, and Breast Muscle Metabolomic Profiles in Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3056. [PMID: 34827788 PMCID: PMC8614290 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of physiological stress on the metabolomes of liver, kidney, and breast muscle was investigated in chickens. To incite a stress response, birds were continuously administered corticosterone (CORT) in their drinking water at three doses (0, 10, and 30 mg L-1), and they were sampled 1, 5, and 12 days after the start of the CORT administration. To solubilize CORT, it was first dissolved in ethanol and then added to water. The administration of ethanol alone significantly altered branched chain amino acid metabolism in both the liver and the kidney, and amino acid and nitrogen metabolism in breast muscle. CORT significantly altered sugar and amino acid metabolism in all three tissues, but to a much greater degree than ethanol alone. In this regard, CORT administration significantly altered 11, 46, and 14 unique metabolites in liver, kidney, and breast muscle, respectively. Many of the metabolites that were affected by CORT administration, such as mannose and glucose, were previously linked to increases in glycosylation and gluconeogenesis in chickens under conditions of production stress. Moreover, several of these metabolites, such as dimethylglycine, galactose, and carnosine were also previously linked to reduced quality meat. In summary, the administration of CORT in chickens significantly modulated host metabolism. Moreover, results indicated that energy potentials are diverted from muscle anabolism to muscle catabolism and gluconeogenesis during periods of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L. J. Brown
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; (C.L.J.B.); (S.J.M.Z.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Sarah J. M. Zaytsoff
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; (C.L.J.B.); (S.J.M.Z.)
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Tony Montina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
- Southern Alberta Genome Science Centre, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - G. Douglas Inglis
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada; (C.L.J.B.); (S.J.M.Z.)
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Activation of proline metabolism maintains ATP levels during cocaine-induced polyADP-ribosylation. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1903-1915. [PMID: 34417893 PMCID: PMC8651605 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03065-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine is a commonly abused drug worldwide. Acute as well as repeated exposure to cocaine activates persistent cellular and molecular changes in the brain reward regions. The effects of cocaine are predominantly mediated via alterations in neuronal gene expression by chromatin remodeling. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) catalyzed PARylation of chromatin has been reported as an important regulator of cocaine-mediated gene expression. PARP-1 dependent ADP-ribosylation is an energy-dependent process. In this study, we investigated the cellular energy response to cocaine-induced upregulation of PARP-1 expression. Exposure of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells to varying concentrations of cocaine resulted in the induction of PARP-1 dependent PARylation of p53 tumor suppressor. Further analysis revealed that PARylation of p53 by cocaine treatment resulted in nuclear accumulation of p53. However, induction and nuclear accumulation of p53 did not correlate with neuronal apoptosis/cell death upon cocaine exposure. Interestingly, cocaine-induced p53 PARylation resulted in the induction of proline oxidase (POX)—a p53 responsive gene involved in cellular metabolism. Given that cocaine-induced p53 PARylation is an energy-dependent process, we observed that cocaine-induced PARP-1/p53/POX axes alters cellular energy metabolism. Accordingly, using pharmacological and genetic studies of PARP-1, p53, and POX, we demonstrated the contribution of POX in maintaining cellular energy during neuronal function. Collectively, these studies highlight activation of a novel metabolic pathway in response to cocaine treatment.
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Abdallah A, Elemba E, Zhong Q, Sun Z. Gastrointestinal Interaction between Dietary Amino Acids and Gut Microbiota: With Special Emphasis on Host Nutrition. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:785-798. [PMID: 32048965 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721666200212095503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of humans and animals is host to a complex community of different microorganisms whose activities significantly influence host nutrition and health through enhanced metabolic capabilities, protection against pathogens, and regulation of the gastrointestinal development and immune system. New molecular technologies and concepts have revealed distinct interactions between the gut microbiota and dietary amino acids (AAs) especially in relation to AA metabolism and utilization in resident bacteria in the digestive tract, and these interactions may play significant roles in host nutrition and health as well as the efficiency of dietary AA supplementation. After the protein is digested and AAs and peptides are absorbed in the small intestine, significant levels of endogenous and exogenous nitrogenous compounds enter the large intestine through the ileocaecal junction. Once they move in the colonic lumen, these compounds are not markedly absorbed by the large intestinal mucosa, but undergo intense proteolysis by colonic microbiota leading to the release of peptides and AAs and result in the production of numerous bacterial metabolites such as ammonia, amines, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs), hydrogen sulfide, organic acids, and phenols. These metabolites influence various signaling pathways in epithelial cells, regulate the mucosal immune system in the host, and modulate gene expression of bacteria which results in the synthesis of enzymes associated with AA metabolism. This review aims to summarize the current literature relating to how the interactions between dietary amino acids and gut microbiota may promote host nutrition and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abedin Abdallah
- Key laboratory of Straw Biology and Utilization (The Ministry of Education), Key Lab of Animal Nutrition and Feed
Science, Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Evera Elemba
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Qingzhen Zhong
- Key laboratory of Straw Biology and Utilization (The Ministry of Education), Key Lab of Animal Nutrition and Feed
Science, Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zewei Sun
- Key laboratory of Straw Biology and Utilization (The Ministry of Education), Key Lab of Animal Nutrition and Feed
Science, Key Lab of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Jarrell ZR, Smith MR, He X, Orr M, Jones DP, Go YM. Firsthand and Secondhand Exposure Levels of Maltol-Flavored Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Vapors Disrupt Amino Acid Metabolism. Toxicol Sci 2021; 182:70-81. [PMID: 34009373 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use has become a popular, generally regarded as safe, alternative to tobacco use. The e-liquids used for ENDS vapor generation commonly contain flavoring agents, such as maltol, which have been subjected to little investigation of their effects on lung health from ENDS usage. In the present study, we examined the impacts of firsthand (3.9 mM) and secondhand (3.9 µM) exposure levels to maltol-flavored ENDS vapors on lung metabolism. Human lung bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to ENDS vapors using a robotic system for controlled generation and delivery of exposures, and the effects on metabolism were evaluated using high-resolution metabolomics. The results show that maltol in e-liquids impacts lung airway epithelial cell metabolism at both firsthand and secondhand exposure levels. The effects of maltol were most notably seen in amino acid metabolism while oxidative stress was observed with exposure to all ENDS vapors including e-liquids alone and maltol-contained e-liquids. Many effects of firsthand exposure were also observed with secondhand exposure, suggesting need for systematic investigation of both firsthand and secondhand effects of flavored ENDS vapors on lung metabolism and risk of lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachery R Jarrell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Matthew Ryan Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Xiaojia He
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Michael Orr
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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Zhang Z, Liu P, Su W, Zhang H, Xu W, Chu X. Metabolic engineering strategy for synthetizing trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline in microorganisms. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:87. [PMID: 33882914 PMCID: PMC8061225 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline is an important amino acid that is widely used in medicinal and industrial applications, particularly as a valuable chiral building block for the organic synthesis of pharmaceuticals. Traditionally, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline is produced by the acidic hydrolysis of collagen, but this process has serious drawbacks, such as low productivity, a complex process and heavy environmental pollution. Presently, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline is mainly produced via fermentative production by microorganisms. Some recently published advances in metabolic engineering have been used to effectively construct microbial cell factories that have improved the trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline biosynthetic pathway. To probe the potential of microorganisms for trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline production, new strategies and tools must be proposed. In this review, we provide a comprehensive understanding of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, including its biosynthetic pathway, proline hydroxylases and production by metabolic engineering, with a focus on improving its production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfu Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Weike Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohe Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
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miR-1224-3p Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration through PGM5-Mediated Aerobic Glycolysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5529770. [PMID: 33986801 PMCID: PMC8079189 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5529770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of cancer cells. Regulators of aerobic glycolysis have become targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy. However, the regulators of aerobic glycolysis in breast cancer development have not been well elucidated. Here, we show that the phosphoglucomutase (PGM) family member PGM5 promotes conversion of glucose-1-phosphate (G1P) into glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and migration through regulating aerobic glycolysis. In breast cancer patients, PGM5 is significantly downregulated, and its low expression is a predictor of poor prognosis. MicroRNA-1224-3p (miR-1224-3p) inhibits the PGM5 level through directly targeting its 3'-untranslated region and suppresses PGM5-mediated breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and glycolytic function. Moreover, the miR-1224-3p/PGM5 axis regulates the expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes and the markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process involved in migration and metastasis of cancer cells. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-1224-3p/PGM5 axis plays important roles in breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and aerobic glycolysis and may be a potential target for breast cancer therapy.
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Kadam W, Wei B, Li F. Metabolomics of Gastric Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1280:291-301. [PMID: 33791990 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51652-9_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer deaths. Recent metabolomics research has advanced our understanding of the relationship between metabolic reprogramming and gastric cancer progression and led to the discovery of metabolic targets for potential clinical applications and therapeutic interventions. As a powerful tool for metabolite and flux measurement, metabolomics not only allows a comprehensive analysis of metabolites and related metabolic pathways but also can investigate the interactions between gastric cancer cells and tumour microenvironment as well as between the cancer cells and gastric microbiome. In this chapter, we aim to summarize the recent advances in gastric cancer metabolism and discuss the applications of metabolomics for target discovery in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bowen Wei
- UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Feng Li
- UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Islam MS, Hongxin W, Ali Mahdi A, Islam M, Noman A, an Wei F. Comparison of nutritional composition, physicochemical and antioxidant properties of muscle, liver, and shell from Grass Turtle (Chinemys reevesii). CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2021.1885498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Serajul Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Wang Hongxin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Amer Ali Mahdi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Monirul Islam
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Anwar Noman
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Fu an Wei
- Department of Biotechnology, Guangxi Zhongtaikang Technology Industry Co., Ltd, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
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Activation of proline biosynthesis is critical to maintain glutamate homeostasis during acute methamphetamine exposure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1422. [PMID: 33446840 PMCID: PMC7809342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psychostimulant that causes long-lasting effects in the brain and increases the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases. The cellular and molecular effects of METH in the brain are functionally linked to alterations in glutamate levels. Despite the well-documented effects of METH on glutamate neurotransmission, the underlying mechanism by which METH alters glutamate levels is not clearly understood. In this study, we report an essential role of proline biosynthesis in maintaining METH-induced glutamate homeostasis. We observed that acute METH exposure resulted in the induction of proline biosynthetic enzymes in both undifferentiated and differentiated neuronal cells. Proline level was also increased in these cells after METH exposure. Surprisingly, METH treatment did not increase glutamate levels nor caused neuronal excitotoxicity. However, METH exposure resulted in a significant upregulation of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS), the key enzyme that catalyzes synthesis of proline from glutamate. Interestingly, depletion of P5CS by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in a significant increase in glutamate levels upon METH exposure. METH exposure also increased glutamate levels in P5CS-deficient proline-auxotropic cells. Conversely, restoration of P5CS expression in P5CS-deficient cells abrogated the effect of METH on glutamate levels. Consistent with these findings, P5CS expression was significantly enhanced in the cortical brain region of mice administered with METH and in the slices of cortical brain tissues treated with METH. Collectively, these results uncover a key role of P5CS for the molecular effects of METH and highlight that excess glutamate can be sequestered for proline biosynthesis as a protective mechanism to maintain glutamate homeostasis during drug exposure.
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Absolute quantitative analysis of endogenous neurotransmitters and amino acids by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with multidimensional adsorption and collision energy defect. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1638:461867. [PMID: 33485029 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Considering that neurotransmitters (NTs) and amino acids (AAs) exert pivotal roles in various neurological diseases, global detection of these endogenous metabolites is of great significance for the treatment of nervous system diseases. Herein, a workflow that could cope with various challenges was proposed to establish an extendable all-in-one injection liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for analyzing these small molecular metabolites with high coverage. To obtain a qualified blank biological matrix for the preparation of standard curves and quality control samples, different absorption solvents, including activated carbon (AC), calcite (Cal) and montmorillonite (Mnt) were systematically evaluated for efficient absorption of endogenous substances with minimum residue. We also firstly proposed a "Collision Energy Defect (CED)" strategy to solve the huge difference of mass signal strength caused by different properties and concentrations of 11 NTs and 17 AAs. The quantitative results were validated by LC-MS/MS. Sensitivity, accuracy, and recovery meeting generally accepted bioanalytic guidelines were observed in a concentration span of at least 100 to 500 times for each analyte. Then the temporal changes of intracerebral and peripheral NTs and AAs in ischemic stroke model and sham operated rats were successfully produced and compared using the described method. All these results suggested that the currently developed assay was powerful enough to simultaneously monitor a large panel of endogenous small molecule metabolites, which was expected to be widely used in the research of various diseases mediated by NTs and AAs.
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Rong H, Lin F, Zhang Y, Bi B, Dou T, Wu X, Aweya JJ, Wen X. The TOR pathway participates in the regulation of growth development in juvenile spotted drum (Nibea diacanthus) under different dietary hydroxyproline supplementation. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:2085-2099. [PMID: 32820365 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Commonly used aquatic feed naturally contains low-level or no hydroxyproline (Hyp). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary Hyp inclusion on growth performance, body composition, amino acid profiles, blood biochemistry, and the expression of target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway-related genes in juvenile Nibea diacanthus. Fish with similar size (initial body weight, 133.00 ± 2.14 g) were fed six isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets supplemented with graded levels of Hyp (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g kg-1 of dry matter) for 8 weeks. The results indicated that growth performance and feed utilization were improved with increased levels of dietary Hyp (P < 0.05), and the optimum amount of dietary Hyp estimated from SGR as 16.6 g kg-1. The crude protein of whole body and swim bladder and the amino acid composition of muscle and swim bladder were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the addition of dietary Hyp, which reflects the important role of feed composition in animal body composition. In addition, the expression levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (TOR) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase1 (S6K1) genes in the liver, muscle, and swim bladder increased with increasing Hyp content of diets, while the mRNA expression level of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4E-BP) gene in these tissues decreased. These results indicated that Hyp improved fish growth and the ability to synthesize proteins, most likely through the TOR pathway. It is suggested that dietary Hyp supplementation is particularly necessary for application in aquatic feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Rong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Plateau Fishery Resources, University of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Department of Food Safety Technology, China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoliang Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Plateau Fishery Resources, University of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Dou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Sustainable Utilization of Plateau Fishery Resources, University of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao J, Yang S, Jing R, Jin H, Hu Y, Wang J, Gu M, Niu H, Zhang S, Chen L, Hua W. Plasma Metabolomic Profiles Differentiate Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:597546. [PMID: 33240942 PMCID: PMC7683512 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.597546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) are common causes of heart failure (HF). Though they share similar clinical characteristics, their differential effects on cardiovascular metabolomics have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we applied a comprehensive metabolomics platform to plasma samples of HF patients with different etiology (38 patients with DCM and 18 patients with ICM) and 20 healthy controls. Significant differences in metabolomics profiling were shown among two cardiomyopathy groups and healthy controls. Two hundred thirty three dysregulated metabolites were identified between DCM vs. healthy controls, and 204 dysregulated metabolites between ICM patients and healthy controls. They have 140 metabolites in common, with fold-changes in the same direction in both groups. Pathway analysis found the commonalities of HF pathways as well as disease-specific metabolic signatures. In addition, we found that a combination panel of 6 metabolites including 1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate, norvaline, lysophosphatidylinositol (16:0/0:0), phosphatidylglycerol (6:0/8:0), fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acid (24:1), and phosphatidylcholine (18:0/18:3) may have the potential to differentiate patients with DCM and ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengwen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Han Jin
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiran Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Arrhythmia Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Gebreab KY, Eeza MNH, Bai T, Zuberi Z, Matysik J, O'Shea KE, Alia A, Berry JP. Comparative toxicometabolomics of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and next-generation perfluoroalkyl substances. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114928. [PMID: 32540561 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Owing to environmental health concerns, a number of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been phased-out, and increasingly replaced by various chemical analogs. Most prominent among these replacements are numerous perfluoroether carboxylic acids (PFECA). Toxicity, and environmental health concerns associated with these next-generation PFAS, however, remains largely unstudied. The zebrafish embryo was employed, in the present study, as a toxicological model system to investigate toxicity of a representative sample of PFECA, alongside perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) as one of the most widely used, and best studied, of the "legacy" PFAS. In addition, high-resolution magic angle spin (HRMAS) NMR was utilized for metabolic profiling of intact zebrafish embryos in order to characterize metabolic pathways associated with toxicity of PFAS. Acute embryotoxicity (i.e., lethality), along with impaired development, and variable effects on locomotory behavior, were observed for all PFAS in the zebrafish model. Median lethal concentration (LC50) was significantly correlated with alkyl chain-length, and toxic concentrations were quantitatively similar to those reported previously for PFAS. Metabolic profiling of zebrafish embryos exposed to selected PFAS, specifically including PFOA and two representative PFECA (i.e., GenX and PFO3TDA), enabled elaboration of an integrated model of the metabolic pathways associated with toxicity of these representative PFAS. Alterations of metabolic profiles suggested targeting of hepatocytes (i.e., hepatotoxicity), as well as apparent modulation of neural metabolites, and moreover, were consistent with a previously proposed role of mitochondrial disruption and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation as reflected by dysfunctions of carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism, and consistent with a previously proposed contribution of PFAS to metabolic syndrome. Taken together, it was generally concluded that toxicity of PFECA is quantitatively and qualitatively similar to PFOA, and these analogs, likewise, represent potential concerns as environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiflom Y Gebreab
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Muhamed N H Eeza
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tianyu Bai
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Zain Zuberi
- The School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kevin E O'Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A Alia
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2333, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - John P Berry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
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Pacífico C, Stauder A, Reisinger N, Schwartz-Zimmermann HE, Zebeli Q. Distinct serum metabolomic signatures of multiparous and primiparous dairy cows switched from a moderate to high-grain diet during early lactation. Metabolomics 2020; 16:96. [PMID: 32909121 PMCID: PMC7481167 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Feeding of high-grain diets is common in cows during early lactation, but increases the odds of metabolic derailments, which can likely be detected as undesirable shifts in the serum metabolome signature. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to identify the metabolic signatures of the serum metabolome of early lactation dairy cows switched from a moderate to a high-grain diet. METHODS Targeted ESI-LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics was used to characterize metabolic alterations in the serum of early lactation multiparous (MP, n = 16) and primiparous (PP, n = 8) Simmental cows, according to parity and feeding phase. Data were analysed using different data mining approaches. RESULTS Carnitine, acetylcarnitine, propionoylcarnitine, amino acid related compounds cis-4-hydroxyproline, trans-4-hydroxyproline, proline betaine, lysophosphatidylcholine PC a C16:1 and phosphatidylcholine PC ae C36:0 were identified as the key metabolites distinguishing MP from PP cows. A different serum metabolite composition during moderate and high-grain diet was also evident. Notably, cows fed high grain diet had higher serum concentrations of primary bile acids and triglycerides, but lower levels of conjugated bile acids and carboxylic acids during the first week in grain. Amino acids valine, cystine and taurine together with lysophosphatidylcholine PC a C26:0 and several phosphatidylcholines were classified as important features for cluster separation. CONCLUSIONS Our study greatly expands earlier observations on dietary effects on serum metabolome composition of cows. The altered metabolomic fingerprints clearly distinguishable by diet and cow parity hold potential to be used as early diagnostic tools for cows experiencing grain-induced metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pacífico
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Stauder
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - N Reisinger
- BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Tulln, Austria
| | - H E Schwartz-Zimmermann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Q Zebeli
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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Proline Protects Boar Sperm against Oxidative Stress through Proline Dehydrogenase-Mediated Metabolism and the Amine Structure of Pyrrolidine. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091549. [PMID: 32883027 PMCID: PMC7552335 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Reactive oxygen species that accumulate during liquid storage of boar semen lead to oxidative stress to sperm. In this study, we found that proline significantly improved boar sperm quality and protected sperm against oxidative damages during liquid storage at 17 °C. Using the model of artificially induced oxidative stress, we found that proline exerted an antioxidative role by modulating redox homeostasis in boar sperm. The secondary amine structure of proline and proline dehydrogenase-mediated metabolism are involved in the antioxidative role. We suggest that addition of proline to the extender would be beneficial to improve boar sperm quality. Abstract Proline was reported to improve sperm quality in rams, stallions, cynomolgus monkeys, donkeys, and canines during cryopreservation. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of proline on boar semen during liquid storage at 17 °C and explore the underlying mechanism. Freshly ejaculated boar semen was supplemented with different concentrations of proline (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 mM) and stored at 17 °C for nine days. Sperm motility patterns, membrane integrity, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and GSH (glutathione) levels, and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated after storage for up to five days. It was observed that boar sperm quality gradually decreased with the extension of storage time, while the ROS levels increased. Addition of 75 mM proline not only significantly improved sperm membrane integrity, motility, and ATP levels but also maintained the redox homeostasis via increasing the GSH levels and activities of CAT and SOD. When hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used to induce oxidative stress, addition of proline significantly improved sperm quality and reduced ROS levels. Moreover, addition of proline also improved sperm quality during the rapid cooling process. Notably, addition of DL-PCA (DL-pipecolinic acid) rescued the reduction of progressive motility and total motility caused by H2O2, and THFA (tetrahydro-2-furoic acid) failed to provide protection. Furthermore, addition of proline at 75 mM increased the activity of proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and attenuated the H2O2-induced reduction in progressive motility. These data demonstrate that proline protects sperm against oxidative stress through the secondary amine structure and proline dehydrogenase-mediated metabolism.
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Dunaevsky YE, Tereshchenkova VF, Oppert B, Belozersky MA, Filippova IY, Elpidina EN. Human proline specific peptidases: A comprehensive analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Angel PM, Spruill L, Jefferson M, Bethard JR, Ball LE, Hughes-Halbert C, Drake RR. Zonal regulation of collagen-type proteins and posttranslational modifications in prostatic benign and cancer tissues by imaging mass spectrometry. Prostate 2020; 80:1071-1086. [PMID: 32687633 PMCID: PMC7857723 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of reactive stroma is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa) progression and a potential source for prognostic and diagnostic markers of PCa. Collagen is a main component of reactive stroma and changes systematically and quantitatively to reflect the course of PCa, yet has remained undefined due to a lack of tools that can define collagen protein structure. Here we use a novel collagen-targeting proteomics approach to investigate zonal regulation of collagen-type proteins in PCa prostatectomies. METHODS Prostatectomies from nine patients were divided into zones containing 0%, 5%, 20%, 70% to 80% glandular tissue and 0%, 5%, 25%, 70% by mass of PCa tumor following the McNeal model. Tissue sections from zones were graded by a pathologist for Gleason score, percent tumor present, percent prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and/or inflammation (INF). High-resolution accurate mass collagen targeting proteomics was done on a select subset of tissue sections from patient-matched tumor or nontumor zones. Imaging mass spectrometry was used to investigate collagen-type regulation corresponding to pathologist-defined regions. RESULTS Complex collagen proteomes were detected from all zones. COL17A and COL27A increased in zones of INF compared with zones with tumor present. COL3A1, COL4A5, and COL8A2 consistently increased in zones with tumor content, independent of tumor size. Collagen hydroxylation of proline (HYP) was altered in tumor zones compared with zones with INF and no tumor. COL3A1 and COL5A1 showed significant changes in HYP peptide ratios within tumor compared with zones of INF (2.59 ± 0.29, P value: .015; 3.75 ± 0.96 P value .036, respectively). By imaging mass spectrometry COL3A1 showed defined localization and regulation to tumor pathology. COL1A1 and COL1A2 showed gradient regulation corresponding to PCa pathology across zones. Pathologist-defined tumor regions showed significant increases in COL1A1 HYP modifications compared with COL1A2 HYP modifications. Certain COL1A1 and COL1A2 peptides could discriminate between pathologist-defined tumor and inflammatory regions. CONCLUSIONS Site-specific posttranslational regulation of collagen structure by proline hydroxylation may be involved in reactive stroma associated with PCa progression. Translational and posttranslational regulation of collagen protein structure has potential for new markers to understand PCa progression and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggi M. Angel
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Laura Spruill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Melanie Jefferson
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Jennifer R. Bethard
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Lauren E. Ball
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Chanita Hughes-Halbert
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Richard R. Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Proteomics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Chen ZY, Jiang N, Guo S, Li BB, Yang JQ, Chai SB, Yan HF, Sun PM, Zhang T, Sun HW, Yang HM, Zhou JL, Cui Y. Effect of simulated microgravity on metabolism of HGC-27 gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3439-3450. [PMID: 32269617 PMCID: PMC7115135 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The understanding into the pathogenesis and treatment of gastric cancer has improved in recent years; however, a number of limitations have delayed the development of effective treatment. Cancer cells can undergo glycolysis and inhibit oxidative phosphorylation in the presence of oxygen (Warburg effect). Previous studies have demonstrated that a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) can induce glycolytic metabolism. In addition, the potential of regulating cancer cells by targeting their metabolites has led to the rapid development of metabolomics. In the present study, human HGC-27 gastric cancer cells were cultured in a RCCS bioreactor, simulating weightlessness. Subsequently, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to examine the effects of simulated microgravity (SMG) on the metabolism of HGC-27 cells. A total of 67 differentially regulated metabolites were identified, including upregulated and downregulated metabolites. Compared with the normal gravity group, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline, arachidonic acid and sphinganine were significantly upregulated in SMG conditions, whereas sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidic acid, L-proline, creatine, pantothenic acid, oxidized glutathione, adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate were significantly downregulated. The Human Metabolome Database compound analysis revealed that lipids and lipid-like metabolites were primarily affected in an SMG environment in the present study. Overall, the findings of the present study may aid our understanding of gastric cancer by identifying the underlying mechanisms of metabolism of the disease under SMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital of Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital of Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Song Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital of Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Clinical Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital of Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Bin Chai
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Feng Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Ming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - He-Ming Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Lian Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Liberation Army 306th Hospital, Beijing 100101, P.R. China
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Zhu W, Doubleday PF, Catlin DS, Weerawarna PM, Butrin A, Shen S, Wawrzak Z, Kelleher NL, Liu D, Silverman RB. A Remarkable Difference That One Fluorine Atom Confers on the Mechanisms of Inactivation of Human Ornithine Aminotransferase by Two Cyclohexene Analogues of γ-Aminobutyric Acid. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4892-4903. [PMID: 32114761 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Human ornithine aminotransferase (hOAT), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme, plays a critical role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Pharmacological selective inhibition of hOAT has been shown to be a potential therapeutic approach for HCC. Inspired by the discovery of the nonselective aminotransferase inactivator (1R,3S,4S)-3-amino-4-fluoro cyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid (1), in this work, we rationally designed, synthesized, and evaluated a novel series of fluorine-substituted cyclohexene analogues, thereby identifying 8 and 9 as novel selective hOAT time-dependent inhibitors. Intact protein mass spectrometry and protein crystallography demonstrated 8 and 9 as covalent inhibitors of hOAT, which exhibit two distinct inactivation mechanisms resulting from the difference of a single fluorine atom. Interestingly, they share a similar turnover mechanism, according to the mass spectrometry-based analysis of metabolites and fluoride ion release experiments. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and electrostatic potential (ESP) charge calculations were conducted, which elucidated the significant influence of the one-fluorine difference on the corresponding intermediates, leading to two totally different inactivation pathways. The novel addition-aromatization inactivation mechanism for 9 contributes to its significantly enhanced potency, along with excellent selectivity over other aminotransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter F Doubleday
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Daniel S Catlin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Pathum M Weerawarna
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Arseniy Butrin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Sida Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zdzislaw Wawrzak
- Synchrotron Research Center, LS-CAT, Sector 21, Northwestern University, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dali Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, United States
| | - Richard B Silverman
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, and Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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Tołoczko-Iwaniuk N, Dziemiańczyk-Pakieła D, Celińska-Janowicz K, Zaręba I, Klupczyńska A, Kokot ZJ, Nowaszewska BK, Reszeć J, Borys J, Miltyk W. Proline-Dependent Induction of Apoptosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)-The Effect of Celecoxib. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010136. [PMID: 31935820 PMCID: PMC7016823 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma remains a significant worldwide public health challenge, associated with high morbidity and mortality. Treatment of this type of cancer lacks effective medication. Moreover, there are very few specific biomarkers that are useful in early diagnosis or treatment optimisation. Proline metabolism may prove to be of importance in the search for new treatment modalities. Methods: To evaluate the significance of proline metabolism in the development of oral cancer, proline concentration was assessed in oral cancer tissue and normal oral mucosa. The results were compared to the clinical stage and histological grade of the tumours. Moreover, the expression of proteins involved in proline metabolism via proline dehydrogenase/oxidase (PRODH/POX, PPARγ, HIF1-α) was determined. In the next stage of the study, conducted on cell lines of tongue cancer treated with celecoxib, the aforementioned factors involved in proline metabolism were evaluated. Cellular viability and cell proliferation, as well as apoptosis, were also assessed. Results: Our research results indicate that a high intracellular proline concentration and expression of factors involved in its metabolism correlate with the clinical stage and histological grade of oral cancer. Moreover, we are the first researchers to demonstrate that celecoxib can affect proline metabolism, causing an increase in pro-apoptotic factors (PRODH/POX, PPARγ), reducing the expression of HIF-1α and activating apoptosis. Conclusions: Proline metabolism, due to its involvement in the process of apoptosis, can be of great importance in anticancer therapy. It appears that celecoxib, which influences the PRODH/POX pathway, may be a promising therapeutic compound in oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tołoczko-Iwaniuk
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (B.K.N.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-667-564-188; Fax: +48-857-468-379
| | - Dorota Dziemiańczyk-Pakieła
- Department of Otolaryngology, Provincial Hospital in Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 26, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Celińska-Janowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-522 Białystok, Poland; (K.C.-J.); (W.M.)
| | - Ilona Zaręba
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-522 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Klupczyńska
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (A.K.); (Z.J.K.)
| | - Zenon J. Kokot
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (A.K.); (Z.J.K.)
| | - Beata Klaudia Nowaszewska
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (B.K.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jan Borys
- Department of Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (B.K.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-522 Białystok, Poland; (K.C.-J.); (W.M.)
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Zhang P, Wang S, He Y, Xu Y, Shi D, Yang F, Yu W, Zhu W, He L. Identifying Metabolic Perturbations and Toxic Effects of Rac-Metalaxyl and Metalaxyl-M in Mice Using Integrative NMR and UPLC-MS/MS Based Metabolomics. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215457. [PMID: 31683916 PMCID: PMC6862379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although metabolic perturbations are sensitive indicators for low-dose toxic effects, the metabolic mechanisms affected by rac-metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M in mammals from a metabolic profiling perspective remain unclear. In this study, the metabolic perturbations and toxic effects of rac-metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M in mice were carefully investigated using integrative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) based metabolomics. Histopathology, NMR-based untargeted urine profile, multivariate pattern recognition, metabolite identification, pathway analysis, UPLC-MS/MS based targeted serum amino acids, and tryptophan pathway analysis were determined after rac-metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M exposure, individually. Histopathology indicated that metalaxyl-M induced greater hepatocellular inflammatory, necrosis, and vacuolation in mice than rac-metalaxyl at the same exposure dosage. The metabolic perturbations induced by rac-metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M were directly separated using partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Furthermore, metabolite identification and pathway analysis indicated that rac-metalaxyl mainly induced ten urine metabolite changes and four pathway fluctuations. However, metalaxyl-M induced 19 urine metabolite changes and six pathway fluctuations. Serum amino acids and tryptophan pathway metabolite changes induced by rac-metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M were also different even at the same exposure level. Such results may provide specific insight into the metabolic perturbations and toxic effects of rac-metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M, and contribute to providing available data for health risk assessments of rac-metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M at a metabolomics level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Sheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yuhan He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yangyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Furong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Weizhong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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