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Anjo SI, He Z, Hussain Z, Farooq A, McIntyre A, Laughton CA, Carvalho AN, Finelli MJ. Protein Oxidative Modifications in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Advances in Detection and Modelling to Their Use as Disease Biomarkers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:681. [PMID: 38929122 PMCID: PMC11200609 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidation-reduction post-translational modifications (redox-PTMs) are chemical alterations to amino acids of proteins. Redox-PTMs participate in the regulation of protein conformation, localization and function, acting as signalling effectors that impact many essential biochemical processes in the cells. Crucially, the dysregulation of redox-PTMs of proteins has been implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This review aims to highlight the current gaps in knowledge in the field of redox-PTMs biology and to explore new methodological advances in proteomics and computational modelling that will pave the way for a better understanding of the role and therapeutic potential of redox-PTMs of proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize the main types of redox-PTMs of proteins while providing examples of their occurrence in neurodegenerative diseases and an overview of the state-of-the-art methods used for their detection. We explore the potential of novel computational modelling approaches as essential tools to obtain insights into the precise role of redox-PTMs in regulating protein structure and function. We also discuss the complex crosstalk between various PTMs that occur in living cells. Finally, we argue that redox-PTMs of proteins could be used in the future as diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra I. Anjo
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Zhicheng He
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Zohaib Hussain
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Aruba Farooq
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alan McIntyre
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Charles A. Laughton
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Andreia Neves Carvalho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mattéa J. Finelli
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Anh NTN, Huynh TV, Nguyen VT, Nguyen TKA, Doong RA. MXene nanosheet-derived N, S-codoped graphene quantum dots for ultrasensitive and selective detection of 3-nitro-l-tyrosine in human serum. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1292:342237. [PMID: 38309846 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
3-Nitro-l-tyrosine (3NT) is an oxidative stress metabolite associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, the N, S-co-doped graphene quantum dots (NSGQDs) derived from nitrogen-doped Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheet via the hydrothermal method in the presence of mercaptosuccinic acid was synthesized as an optical sensing probe to detect 3NT in human serum. Tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, the nitrogen source and delamination agent, was used to prepare nitrogen-doped MXene nanosheets via one step at room temperature. The as-prepared NSGQDs are uniform with an average size of 1.2 ± 0.6 nm, and can be stable in aqueous solution for at least 90 d to serve as the fluorescence probe. The N atoms in N-MXene reduce the restacking and aggregation of MXene nanosheets, while the sulfur dopant in NSGQDs increases the quantum yield from 6.2 to 12.1 % as well as enhances the selectivity of 3NT over the other 12 interferences via coordination interaction with nitro group in 3NT. A linear range of 0.02-150 μM in PBS and 0.05-200 μM in human serum with a recovery of 97-108 % for 3NT detection is observed. Moreover, the limit of detection can be lowered to 4.2 and 7 nM in PBS and 1 × diluted human serum, respectively. Results obtained clearly indicate the potential application of the N-Ti3C2Tx derived NSGQD for effective detection of 3NT, which can open a window for the synthesis of doped GQDs via 2D MXene materials for ultrasensitive and selective detection of other biometabolites and biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases in biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan; Vinh Long University of Technology Education, 73 Nguyen Hue Street, Vinh Long City, Viet Nam
| | - Trung Viet Huynh
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Van Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Thi Kim Anh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-An Doong
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan.
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Kreutzmann M, Kraus BJ, Christa M, Störk S, Jansen EHJM, Stopper H, Schupp N. Differential Modulation of Markers of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Arterial Hypertension. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1965. [PMID: 38001818 PMCID: PMC10669810 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with arterial hypertension have an increased risk of developing tumors, particularly renal cell carcinoma. Arterial hypertension is linked to DNA damage via the generation of oxidative stress, in which an upregulated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a crucial role. The current study investigated surrogates of oxidative stress and DNA damage in a group of hypertensive patients (HypAll, n = 64) and subgroups of well (HypWell, n = 36) and poorly (HypPoor, n = 28) controlled hypertensive patients compared to healthy controls (n = 8). In addition, a longitudinal analysis was performed with some of the hypertensive patients. Markers for oxidative stress in plasma (SHp, D-ROM, and 3-nitrotyrosine) and urine (8-oxodG, 15-F2t-isoprostane, and malondialdehyde) and markers for DNA damage in lymphocytes (γ-H2AX and micronuclei) were measured. In HypAll, all markers of oxidative stress except malondialdehyde were increased compared to the controls. After adjustment for age, this association was maintained for the protein stress markers SHp and 3-nitrotyrosine. With regard to the markers for DNA damage, there was no difference between HypAll and the controls. Further, no significant differences became apparent in the levels of both oxidative stress and DNA damage between HypWell and HypPoor. Finally, a positive correlation between the development of blood pressure and oxidative stress was observed in the longitudinal study based on the changes in D-ROM and systolic blood pressure. In conclusion, we found increased oxidative stress in extensively treated hypertensive patients correlating with the level of blood-pressure control but no association with DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Kreutzmann
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Bettina J. Kraus
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany (M.C.); (S.S.)
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Martin Christa
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany (M.C.); (S.S.)
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany (M.C.); (S.S.)
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eugène H. J. M. Jansen
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Nicole Schupp
- Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
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Karmakar S, Das TK, Kalarikkal N, Saha A. A Simplified Approach for the Aqueous Synthesis of Luminescent CdSe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Ultrasensitive Determination of the Biomarker 3-Nitro-l-tyrosine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15995-16003. [PMID: 36512759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the hot-injection organometallic routes, synthesizing stable and highly luminescent core/shell nanocrystals with encapsulation of biocompatible groups through an aqueous route is a long-standing challenge. In recent years, relatively high quantum efficiency and unique properties of core/shell nanostructured materials (quantum dots) have contributed toward enhancement in sensing capability. The present work reports a facile aqueous synthesis process of core/shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with encapsulation of glutathione (GSH). The optimal conditions for the synthesis of the most stable particles were ascertained, and the different experimental analyses suggest that the stable core/shell QDs in question have good crystallinity with a size around 4.7 nm with a shell thickness of 0.7 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield of about 35%. Further, it is demonstrated that the as-synthesized material has great potential in detecting as low as 0.28 nM 3-nitro-l-tyrosine (3-NT), an important marker for oxidative stress, the level of which in our body signals several chronically diseased conditions. The enthalpy-driven interactions of CdSe/ZnS-GSH QDs with 3-NT were characterized through steady-state and time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy and isothermal microcalorimetry. The devised method of probing 3-NT was further validated with human serum samples. Thus, the proposed strategy may provide a protocol for selective determination of 3-NT under different pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Karmakar
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, III/LB-8 Bidhannagar, Kolkata700106, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Das
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, III/LB-8 Bidhannagar, Kolkata700106, India
| | - Nandakumar Kalarikkal
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam686560, Kerala, India
| | - Abhijit Saha
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, III/LB-8 Bidhannagar, Kolkata700106, India
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Ali HM, Hotan Alsohaimi I, Nayl A, Essawy AA, Gamal M, Ibrahim H. A new ultrasensitive platform based on f-GCNFs@nano-CeO2 core-shell nanocomposite for electrochemical sensing of oxidative stress biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine in presence of uric acid and tyrosine. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Bahrouni Y, Echabaane M, Horchani M, Jannet HB, Ayed B. Structural study, Oxytetracycline electrochemical sensing property and molecular docking analysis of a novel synthesized non-centrosymmetric hybrid compound, (C9H11N2O5)2(NO3)2. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Geng J, Li Y, Lin H, Liu Q, Lu J, Wang X. A new three-dimensional zinc(II) metal-organic framework as a fluorescence sensor for sensing the biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11390-11396. [PMID: 35819031 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01800d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT), an oxidative stress biomarker, is closely associated with various diseases. Thus, rapid and sensitive detection of 3-NT is of great significance for preventing and treating diseases. Herein, we reported a new 3D zinc-based metal-organic framework (Zn-MOF) [Zn(L)(HBTC)] (L = (E)-4,4'-(ethene-1,2-diyl)bis[(N-pyridin-3-yl)benzamide], H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid), which was structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, PXRD and TG. The Zn-MOF can be used as a highly efficient fluorescence sensing material to provide a direct and low-cost method for the rapid detection of 3-NT and shows high sensitivity with a KSV value of 6.596 × 104 M-1, a rapid luminescence response within 24 s, excellent selectivity, high anti-interference ability and good recyclability. It is the first example of a MOF being used to directly detect 3-NT as a luminescence sensor to our knowledge. The sensing mechanism of the Zn-MOF towards 3-NT is discussed in detail, which provides a basis for the rational design of MOF sensing materials and their application in biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Geng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Liaoning Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Yuyao Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Liaoning Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Hongyan Lin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Liaoning Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Liaoning Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Junjun Lu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Liaoning Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
| | - Xiuli Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Liaoning Professional Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province for Conversion Materials of Solar Cell, Jinzhou 121013, P. R. China.
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AGEomics Biomarkers and Machine Learning-Realizing the Potential of Protein Glycation in Clinical Diagnostics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094584. [PMID: 35562975 PMCID: PMC9099912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein damage by glycation, oxidation and nitration is a continuous process in the physiological system caused by reactive metabolites associated with dicarbonyl stress, oxidative stress and nitrative stress, respectively. The term AGEomics is defined as multiplexed quantitation of spontaneous modification of proteins damage and other usually low-level modifications associated with a change of structure and function—for example, citrullination and transglutamination. The method of quantitation is stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This provides robust quantitation of normal and damaged or modified amino acids concurrently. AGEomics biomarkers have been used in diagnostic algorithms using machine learning methods. In this review, I describe the utility of AGEomics biomarkers and provide evidence why these are close to the phenotype of a condition or disease compared to other metabolites and metabolomic approaches and how to train and test algorithms for clinical diagnostic and screening applications with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity using machine learning approaches.
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Geng J, Lin H, Li X, Lu J, Wang X. Improvement of the fluorescent sensing biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine for a new luminescent coordination polymer by size regulation. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce01397e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new 3D luminescent coordination polymer (LCP) 1 was synthesized for detecting biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine. By adjusting the reaction conditions, Nano-LCP 1 was synthesized, which has a more lower detection limit compared with LCP 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Geng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Lin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
| | - Junjun Lu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
| | - XiuLi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, P. R. China
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Delnavaz E, Amjadi M. A chemiluminescence probe enhanced by cobalt and nitrogen-doped carbon dots for the determination of a nitrosative stress biomarker. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:278. [PMID: 34322749 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A chemiluminometric method is introduced for the determination of the stress biomarker, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) based on the H2O2-NaIO4 reaction enhanced by cobalt and nitrogen-doped carbon dots (Co,N-CDs). In this chemiluminescence (CL) system, the emission proved to be originated from the excited-state Co,N-CDs (λmax = 504 nm). Comparing the effect of Co,N-CDs with that of some other metal ion-doped CDs and undoped CDs indicated the high efficiency of Co,N-CDs in the CL amplification (about 1980-fold). This was attributed to the fact that Co,N-CDs, in addition to other functions, could act as catalytic center, to accelerate the decomposition of H2O2 and to increase the number of hydroxyl radicals. It was found that 3-NT inhibits the action of Co,N-CDs by an electron transfer process, leading to a decline in the CL intensity of the system. Therefore, a new CL sensing platform was introduced for the assay of 3-NT in the range 5.0 to 300 nM with a detection limit of 1.5 nM. The probe was utilized for the analysis of biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Delnavaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amjadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran.
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Real time detection of 3-nitrotyrosine using smartphone-based electrochemiluminescence. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 187:113284. [PMID: 34022499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
As an oxidase stress biomarker, 3-nitrotyrosine is closely associated with many cardiovascular diseases. Thus, early diagnosis and real time detection of 3-nitrotyrosine at bedside are highly important. Herein, we developed a handheld electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analysis device, which integrates printed circuit board (PCB) for electrical stimulation and smartphone for optical signals readout. Fast and accurate determination of 3-nitrotyrosine was achieved with Antibody/Ru(dcpy)32+@AuNPs/MoS2 modified Au electrode (Ab/Ru@AuNPs/MoS2) for ECL analysis. The linear range of 3-nitrotyrosine detection was from 10-8 mol/L to 10-6 mol/L with a detection limit of 8.4 × 10-9 mol/L. In addition, an Android application was developed to realize real time analysis of ECL emissions and results readout for detection. To confirm the usage of the device, spiked serum with different concentrations was tested and the results indicated the practical reliability and stability of this device. The operating procedure for ECL analysis in this device is extremely easy and electrical stimulation was adjustable from 0 V to 5 V for general ECL systems. Thus, we believe this handheld device for ECL analysis has extensive prospects for application in Point-of-care testing and health caring.
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Bastian P, Dulski J, Roszmann A, Jacewicz D, Kuban-Jankowska A, Slawek J, Wozniak M, Gorska-Ponikowska M. Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Parkinson's Disease-Is 2-Methoxyestradiol a Missing Piece? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:248. [PMID: 33562035 PMCID: PMC7915370 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, as "power house of the cell", are crucial players in cell pathophysiology. Beyond adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, they take part in a generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulation of cell signaling and cell death. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics may lead to cancers and neurodegeneration; however, the fusion/fission cycle allows mitochondria to adapt to metabolic needs of the cell. There are multiple data suggesting that disturbed mitochondrial homeostasis can lead to Parkinson's disease (PD) development. 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME), metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2) and potential anticancer agent, was demonstrated to inhibit cell growth of hippocampal HT22 cells by means of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) production and oxidative stress at both pharmacologically and also physiologically relevant concentrations. Moreover, 2-ME was suggested to inhibit mitochondrial biogenesis and to be a dynamic regulator. This review is a comprehensive discussion, from both scientific and clinical point of view, about the influence of 2-ME on mitochondria and its plausible role as a modulator of neuron survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Bastian
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
| | - Jaroslaw Dulski
- Department of Neurological-Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.D.); (A.R.); (J.S.)
- Neurology & Stroke Dpt. St. Adalbert Hospital, “Copernicus” Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Roszmann
- Department of Neurological-Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.D.); (A.R.); (J.S.)
- Neurology & Stroke Dpt. St. Adalbert Hospital, “Copernicus” Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jacewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Alicja Kuban-Jankowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
| | - Jaroslaw Slawek
- Department of Neurological-Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.D.); (A.R.); (J.S.)
- Neurology & Stroke Dpt. St. Adalbert Hospital, “Copernicus” Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michal Wozniak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
| | - Magdalena Gorska-Ponikowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.K.-J.); (M.W.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90139 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
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Reading patterns of proteome damage by glycation, oxidation and nitration: quantitation by stable isotopic dilution analysis LC-MS/MS. Essays Biochem 2020; 64:169-183. [PMID: 32065835 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) provides a high sensitivity, high specificity multiplexed method for concurrent detection of adducts formed by protein glycation, oxidation and nitration, also called AGEomics. Combined with stable isotopic dilution analysis, it provides for robust quantitation of protein glycation, oxidation and nitration adduct analytes. It is the reference method for such measurements. LC-MS/MS has been used to measure glycated, oxidized and nitrated amino acids - also called glycation, oxidation and nitration free adducts, with a concurrent quantitation of the amino acid metabolome in physiological fluids. Similar adduct residues in proteins may be quantitated with prior exhaustive enzymatic hydrolysis. It has also been applied to quantitation of other post-translation modifications, such as citrullination and formation of Nε-(γ-glutamyl)lysine crosslink by transglutaminases. Application to cellular and extracellular proteins gives estimates of the steady-state levels of protein modification by glycation, oxidation and nitration, and measurement of the accumulation of glycation, oxidation and nitration adducts in cell culture medium and urinary excretion gives an indication of flux of adduct formation. Measurement of glycation, oxidation and nitration free adducts in plasma and urine provides for estimates of renal clearance of free adducts. Diagnostic potential in clinical studies has been enhanced by the combination of estimates of multiple adducts in optimized diagnostic algorithms by machine learning. Recent applications have been in early-stage detection of metabolic, vascular and renal disease, and arthritis, metabolic control and risk of developing vascular complication in diabetes, and a blood test for autism.
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Nascimento JAM, Nascimento ML, Mendes CHS, Oliveira SCB. Voltammetric Studies of 3‐Nitro‐tyrosine Electro‐oxidation at Solid Electrodes and its Interaction with DNA. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. M. Nascimento
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE, Departamento de Química Recife-PE 52171-900 Brazil
| | - Maysa L. Nascimento
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE, Departamento de Química Recife-PE 52171-900 Brazil
| | - Carlos H. S. Mendes
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco – UFRPE, Departamento de Química Recife-PE 52171-900 Brazil
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Falsaperla R, Lombardo F, Filosco F, Romano C, Saporito MAN, Puglisi F, Piro E, Ruggieri M, Pavone P. Oxidative Stress in Preterm Infants: Overview of Current Evidence and Future Prospects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E145. [PMID: 32645921 PMCID: PMC7408528 DOI: 10.3390/ph13070145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB), defined as parturition prior to 37 weeks of gestation, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal population. The incidence and severity of complications of prematurity increase with decreasing gestational age and birthweight. The aim of this review study is to select the most current evidence on the role of oxidative stress in the onset of preterm complication prevention strategies and treatment options with pre-clinical and clinical trials. We also provide a literature review of primary and secondary studies on the role of oxidative stress in preterm infants and its eventual treatment in prematurity diseases. We conducted a systematic literature search of the Medline (Pubmed), Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases, retroactively, over a 7-year period. From an initial 777 articles identified, 25 articles were identified that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these, there were 11 literature reviews: one prospective cohort study, one experimental study, three case-control studies, three pre-clinical trials, and six clinical trials. Several biomarkers were identified as particularly promising, such as the products of the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, those of the oxidation of phenylalanine, and the hydroxyl radicals that can attack the DNA chain. Among the most promising drugs, there are those for the prevention of neurological damage, such as melatonin, retinoid lactoferrin, and vitamin E. The microbiome also has an important role in oxidative stress. In conclusion, the most recent studies show that a strong relationship between oxidative stress and prematurity exists and that, unfortunately, there is still little therapeutic evidence reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Falsaperla
- Neonatal Intensive Care, AUO San Marco-Policlinico, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.F.); (M.A.N.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Filadelfo Lombardo
- Postgraduate Training Program in Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania street Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Federica Filosco
- Postgraduate Training Program in Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania street Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.L.); (F.F.)
| | - Catia Romano
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Marco Andrea Nicola Saporito
- Neonatal Intensive Care, AUO San Marco-Policlinico, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.F.); (M.A.N.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Federica Puglisi
- Neonatal Intensive Care, AUO San Marco-Policlinico, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (R.F.); (M.A.N.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Ettore Piro
- University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, Department of Sciences for Health Promotion, Maternal Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, 90121 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Martino Ruggieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, AUO San Marco-Policlinco, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Piero Pavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, AUO San Marco-Policlinco, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
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16
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Bandookwala M, Sengupta P. 3-Nitrotyrosine: a versatile oxidative stress biomarker for major neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Neurosci 2020; 130:1047-1062. [PMID: 31914343 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1713776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are generated as a by-product of routine biochemical reactions. However, dysfunction of the antioxidant system or mutations in gene function may result in the elevated production of the pro-oxidant species. Modified endogenous molecules due to chemical interactions with increased levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in the cellular microenvironment can be termed as biomarkers of oxidative stress. 3-Nitrotyrosine is one such promising biomarker of oxidative stress formed due to nitration of protein-bound and free tyrosine residues by reactive peroxynitrite molecules. Nitration of proteins at the subcellular level results in conformational alterations that damage the cytoskeleton and result in neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarized the role of oxidative/nitrosative processes as a contributing factor for progressive neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Lou Gehrig's disease and Prion disease. The selective tyrosine protein nitration of the major marker proteins in related pathologies has been discussed. The alteration in 3-Nitrotyrosine profile occurs well before any symptoms appear and can be considered as a potential target for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, the reduction in 3-Nitrotyrosine levels in response to treatment with neuroprotective has been highlighted which is indicative of the importance of this particular marker in oxidative stress-related brain and central nervous system pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bandookwala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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17
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Qu JZ, Alston TA. Aerobic life is a tough exercise. Minerva Anestesiol 2019; 86:9-11. [PMID: 31820878 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.19.14196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Z Qu
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodore A Alston
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA -
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18
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Masania J, Faustmann G, Anwar A, Hafner-Giessauf H, Rajpoot N, Grabher J, Rajpoot K, Tiran B, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Winklhofer-Roob BM, Roob JM, Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. Urinary Metabolomic Markers of Protein Glycation, Oxidation, and Nitration in Early-Stage Decline in Metabolic, Vascular, and Renal Health. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4851323. [PMID: 31827677 PMCID: PMC6885816 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4851323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycation, oxidation, nitration, and crosslinking of proteins are implicated in the pathogenic mechanisms of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Related modified amino acids formed by proteolysis are excreted in urine. We quantified urinary levels of these metabolites and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in healthy subjects and assessed changes in early-stage decline in metabolic, vascular, and renal health and explored their diagnostic utility for a noninvasive health screen. We recruited 200 human subjects with early-stage health decline and healthy controls. Urinary amino acid metabolites were determined by stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Machine learning was applied to optimise and validate algorithms to discriminate between study groups for potential diagnostic utility. Urinary analyte changes were as follows: impaired metabolic health-increased N ε -carboxymethyl-lysine, glucosepane, glutamic semialdehyde, and pyrraline; impaired vascular health-increased glucosepane; and impaired renal health-increased BCAAs and decreased N ε -(γ-glutamyl)lysine. Algorithms combining subject age, BMI, and BCAAs discriminated between healthy controls and impaired metabolic, vascular, and renal health study groups with accuracy of 84%, 72%, and 90%, respectively. In 2-step analysis, algorithms combining subject age, BMI, and urinary N ε -fructosyl-lysine and valine discriminated between healthy controls and impaired health (any type), accuracy of 78%, and then between types of health impairment with accuracy of 69%-78% (cf. random selection 33%). From likelihood ratios, this provided small, moderate, and conclusive evidence of early-stage cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal disease with diagnostic odds ratios of 6 - 7, 26 - 28, and 34 - 79, respectively. We conclude that measurement of urinary glycated, oxidized, crosslinked, and branched-chain amino acids provides the basis for a noninvasive health screen for early-stage health decline in metabolic, vascular, and renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinit Masania
- Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Gernot Faustmann
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center (HNMRC), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Attia Anwar
- Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Hildegard Hafner-Giessauf
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Nasir Rajpoot
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Johanna Grabher
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Kashif Rajpoot
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Beate Tiran
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Clinical Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Brigitte M. Winklhofer-Roob
- Human Nutrition & Metabolism Research and Training Center (HNMRC), Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Karl Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes M. Roob
- Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Naila Rabbani
- Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Paul J. Thornalley
- Warwick Medical School, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
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19
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Bandookwala M, Thakkar D, Sengupta P. Advancements in the Analytical Quantification of Nitroxidative Stress Biomarker 3-Nitrotyrosine in Biological Matrices. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 50:265-289. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1623010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bandookwala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Disha Thakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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20
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Intermittent hypoxemia and oxidative stress in preterm infants. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 266:121-129. [PMID: 31100375 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxemia events (IH) are common in extremely preterm infants and are associated with many poor outcomes including retinopathy or prematurity, wheezing, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, cognitive or language delays and motor impairment. More recent data in animal and rodent models have suggested that specific patterns of IH may increase the risk for morbidity. The pathway by which these high risk patterns of IH initiate a pathological cascade is unknown but animal models suggest that oxidative stress may play a role. This review describes early postnatal patterns of IH in preterm infants, their relationship with morbidity, oxidative stress biomarkers relevant to the newborn infant and the relationship between IH and reactive oxygen species.
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21
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Millán I, Piñero-Ramos JD, Lara I, Parra-Llorca A, Torres-Cuevas I, Vento M. Oxidative Stress in the Newborn Period: Useful Biomarkers in the Clinical Setting. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E193. [PMID: 30558164 PMCID: PMC6316621 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic metabolism is highly efficient in providing energy for multicellular organisms. However, even under physiological conditions, an incomplete reduction of oxygen produces reactive oxygen species and, subsequently, oxidative stress. Some of these chemical species are highly reactive free radicals capable of causing functional and structural damage to cell components (protein, lipids, or nucleotides). Oxygen is the most used drug in ill-adapted patients during the newborn period. The use of oxygen may cause oxidative stress-related diseases that increase mortality and cause morbidity with adverse long-term outcomes. Conditions such as prematurity or birth asphyxia are frequently treated with oxygen supplementation. Both pathophysiological situations of hypoxia⁻reoxygenation in asphyxia and hyperoxia in premature infants cause a burst of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. Recently developed analytical assays using mass spectrometry have allowed us to determine highly specific biomarkers with minimal samples. The detection of these metabolites will help improve the diagnosis, evolution, and response to therapy in oxidative stress-related conditions during the newborn period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Millán
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Instituto La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | | | - Inmaculada Lara
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Instituto La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Anna Parra-Llorca
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Instituto La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Isabel Torres-Cuevas
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Instituto La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Máximo Vento
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Instituto La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
- Division of Neonatology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
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22
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Li XS, Li S, Ahrens M, Kellermann G. Integration of Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction and LC-MS/MS Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Human Urine for Clinical Applications. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28745631 DOI: 10.3791/55778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Free 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) has been extensively used as a possible biomarker for oxidative stress. Increased levels of 3-NT have been reported in a wide variety of pathological conditions. However, existing methods lack the sufficient sensitivity and/or specificity necessary to measure the low endogenous level of 3-NT reliably and are too cumbersome for clinical applications. Hence, analytical improvement is urgently needed to accurately quantify the levels of 3-NT and verify the role of 3-NT in pathological conditions. This protocol presents the development of a novel liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection combined with a miniaturized solid phase extraction (SPE) for the rapid and accurate measurement of 3-NT in human urine as a non-invasive biomarker for oxidative stress. SPE using a 96-well plate markedly simplified the process by combining sample cleanup and analyte enrichment without tedious derivatization and evaporation steps, reducing solvent consumption, waste disposal, risk of contamination and overall processing time. The employment of 25 mM ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) at pH 9 as the SPE elution solution substantially enhanced the selectivity. Mass spectrometry signal response was improved through adjustment of the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions. Use of 0.01% HCOOH as additive on a pentafluorophenyl (PFP) column (150 mm x 2.1 mm, 3 µm) improved signal response another 2.5-fold and shortened the overall run time to 7 min. A lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 10 pg/mL (0.044 nM) was achieved, representing a significant sensitivity improvement over the reported assays. This simplified, rapid, selective and sensitive method allows two plates of urine samples (n = 192) to be processed in a 24 h time-period. Considering the markedly improved analytical performance, and non-invasive and inexpensive urine sampling, the proposed assay is beneficial for pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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23
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Tsikas D. What we—authors, reviewers and editors of scientific work—can learn from the analytical history of biological 3-nitrotyrosine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1058:68-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Teixeira D, Prudêncio C, Vieira M. Development of a new HPLC-based method for 3-nitrotyrosine quantification in different biological matrices. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1046:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Yang Y. Specific enrichment of a targeted nitrotyrosine-containing peptide from complex matrices and relative quantification for liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1485:90-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Ng SP, Qiu G, Ding N, Lu X, Wu CML. Label-free detection of 3-nitro-l-tyrosine with nickel-doped graphene localized surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 89:468-476. [PMID: 27085521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
3-nitro-l-tyrosine (3-NT) is believed to be a biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases and metal doped graphene possess exceptionally high binding energy of 3-NT with metal-nitro chemisorption. Here we report a novel label-free detection scheme of 3-NT via nickel-doped graphene (NDG) as the functionalized receptor on our phase detecting localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensor. When compared with reported 3-NT immunoassay with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), our NDG-LSPR platform offers two advantages i.e. 1) label-free and 2) capture of 3-NT by direct chemisorption. Our limit of detection for 3-NT in PBS was found to be 0.13pg/ml and the linear dynamic range of response was from 0.5pg/ml to 1ng/ml, i.e. four orders of magnitude. The specificity of our NDG receptor to 3-NT was also verified with l-tyrosine of equivalent concentrations in PBS and diluted human serum, for which the NDG receptor shows negligible responses. In addition, the adsorption of 3-NT and l-tyrosine to the NDG receptor were also investigated by atomic force microscopy and further verified by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Therefore, our NDG-LSPR biosensor competes favorably against ELISA and we believe it should be an attractive and economical solution to early diagnostic of 3-NT related disorders for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Pang Ng
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250014, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Chi-Man Lawrence Wu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250014, PR China.
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Nie YW, Wang M, Zhang P, Huan L, Liu DJ. Identification and characterization of an endoplasmic reticulum localization motif. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:249-254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Teixeira D, Fernandes R, Prudêncio C, Vieira M. 3-Nitrotyrosine quantification methods: Current concepts and future challenges. Biochimie 2016; 125:1-11. [PMID: 26921794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) in biological samples can be used as a biomarker of nitrosative stress, since it is very stable and suitable for analysis. Increased 3-NT levels in biological samples have been associated with several physiological and pathological conditions. Different methods have been described for the detection and quantification of this molecule, such as (i) immunological methods; (ii) liquid chromatography, namely high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based methods that use ultraviolet-visible (UV/VIS) absorption, electrochemical (ECD) and diode array (DAD) detection, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); (iii) gas chromatography, such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). METHODS A literature review on nitrosative stress, protein nitration, as well as 3-NT quantification methods was carried out. RESULTS This review covers the different methods for analysis of 3-NT that have been developed during the last years as well as the latest advances in this field. Overall, all methods present positive and negative aspects, although it is clear that chromatography-based methods present good sensitivity and specificity. Regarding this, GC-based methods exhibit the highest sensibility in the quantification of 3-NT, although it requires a prior time consuming derivatization step. Conversely, HPLC does not require such derivatization step, despite being not as accurate as GC. CONCLUSION It becomes clear that all the methods described during this literature review, although accurate for 3-NT quantification, need to be improved regarding both sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, optimization of the protocols that have been described is clearly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Teixeira
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Prudêncio
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Vieira
- Ciências Químicas e das Biomoléculas, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal; I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
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29
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Torres-Cuevas I, Kuligowski J, Cárcel M, Cháfer-Pericás C, Asensi M, Solberg R, Cubells E, Nuñez A, Saugstad OD, Vento M, Escobar J. Protein-bound tyrosine oxidation, nitration and chlorination by-products assessed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 913:104-10. [PMID: 26944994 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Free radicals cause alterations in cellular protein structure and function. Oxidized, nitrated, and chlorinated modifications of aromatic amino acids including phenylalanine and tyrosine are reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in clinical conditions. OBJECTIVE To develop, validate and apply a rapid method for the quantification of known hallmarks of tyrosine oxidation, nitration and chlorination in plasma and tissue proteins providing a snapshot of the oxidative stress and inflammatory status of the organism and of target organs respectively. MATERIAL AND METHODS The extraction and clean up procedure entailed protein precipitation, followed by protein re-suspension and enzymatic digestion with pronase. An Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to quantify protein released ortho-tyrosine (o-Tyr), meta-tyrosine (m-Tyr), 3-nitrotyrosine (3NO2-Tyr) and 3-chlorotyrosine (3Cl-Tyr) as well as native phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (p-Tyr) in plasma and tissue from a validated hypoxic newborn piglet experimental model. RESULTS In plasma there was a significant increase in the 3NO2-Tyr/p-Tyr ratio. On the other hand m-Tyr/Phe and 3Cl-Tyr/p-Tyr ratios were significantly increased in liver of hypoxic compared with normoxic animals. Although no significant differences were found in brain tissue, a clear tendency to increased ratios was observed under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSIONS UPLC-MS/MS has proven suitable for the analysis of plasma and tissue samples from newborn piglets. The analysis of biomarkers of protein oxidation, nitration and chlorination will be applied in future studies aiming to provide a deeper insight into the mechanisms of oxidation-derived protein modification caused during neonatal asphyxia and resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Torres-Cuevas
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Kuligowski
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Cárcel
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Asensi
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Rønnaug Solberg
- Department of Pediatric Research, Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Cubells
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain; Division of Neonatology, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Nuñez
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain; Division of Neonatology, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ola Didrik Saugstad
- Department of Pediatric Research, Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital - Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Máximo Vento
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain; Division of Neonatology, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain; National Coordinator of the Spanish Maternal and Child Health and Developmental Network, (Retic Red SAMID RD0012/0026), Spain
| | - Javier Escobar
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 101, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
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Tailored 96-well μElution solid-phase extraction combined with UFLC-MS/MS: a significantly improved approach for determination of free 3-nitrotyrosine in human urine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:7703-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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A novel mixed-mode solid phase extraction coupled with LC–MS/MS for the re-evaluation of free 3-nitrotyrosine in human plasma as an oxidative stress biomarker. Talanta 2015; 140:45-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Zhan X, Wang X, Desiderio DM. Mass spectrometry analysis of nitrotyrosine-containing proteins. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:423-448. [PMID: 24318073 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays important roles in a wide range of diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disease, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Tyrosine nitration in a protein is a chemically stable oxidative modification, and a marker of oxidative injuries. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a key technique to identify nitrotyrosine-containing proteins and nitrotyrosine sites in endogenous and synthetic nitroproteins and nitropeptides. However, in vivo nitrotyrosine-containing proteins occur with extreme low-abundance to severely challenge the use of MS to identify in vivo nitroproteins and nitrotyrosine sites. A preferential enrichment of nitroproteins and/or nitropeptides is necessary before MS analysis. Current enrichment methods include immuno-affinity techniques, chemical derivation of the nitro group plus target isolations, followed with tandem mass spectrometry analysis. This article reviews the MS techniques and pertinent before-MS enrichment techniques for the identification of nitrotyrosine-containing proteins. This article reviews future trends in the field of nitroproteomics, including quantitative nitroproteomics, systems biological networks of nitroproteins, and structural biology study of tyrosine nitration to completely clarify the biological functions of tyrosine nitration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianquan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, 88 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Structural Biology and Drug Design, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Dominic M Desiderio
- The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 847 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee, 38163
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Pei R, Mah E, Leonard SW, Traber MG, Bruno RS. α-Tocopherol supplementation reduces 5-nitro-γ-tocopherol accumulation by decreasing γ-tocopherol in young adult smokers. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:1114-1121. [PMID: 25966030 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1040788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
γ-Tocopherol (γ-T) scavenges reactive nitrogen species (RNS) to form 5-NO2-γ-T (NGT). However, α-T supplementation decreases circulating γ-T, which could limit its RNS scavenging activities. We hypothesized that α-T supplementation would mitigate NGT accumulation by impairing γ-T status. Healthy smokers (21 ± 1 y, n = 11) and non-smokers (21 ± 2 y, n = 10) ingested 75 mg/d each of RRR- and all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate for 6 d. Plasma α-T, γ-T, γ-carboxyethyl hydroxychromanol (CEHC), NGT, and nitrate/nitrite were measured prior to supplementation (Pre), the morning after 6 consecutive evenings of supplementation (Post 1), and on the mornings of d 6 (Post 6) and d 14 (Post 14) during the post-supplementation period. α-T supplementation increased plasma α-T, and decreased γ-T, in both groups and these returned to Pre concentrations on Post 6 regardless of smoking status. Plasma γ-CEHC increased after the first dose of supplementation in both groups, suggesting that α-T supplementation decreased plasma γ-T in part by increasing its metabolism. Plasma NGT and nitrate/nitrite concentrations at Pre were greater in smokers, indicating greater nitrative stress due to cigarette smoking. Plasma NGT concentration was lowered only in smokers on Post 1 and Post 6 and was restored to Pre levels on Post 14. Plasma nitrate/nitrite tended (P = 0.07) to increase post-supplementation only in smokers, supporting decreases in RNS scavenging by γ-T. Plasma NGT concentration was more strongly correlated (P < 0.05) with γ-T in smokers (R = 0.83) compared with non-smokers (R = 0.50), supporting that α-T-mediated decreases in γ-T reduces NGT formation. These data indicate that α-T supplementation limits γ-T scavenging of RNS in smokers by decreasing γ-T availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisong Pei
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Eunice Mah
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Scott W Leonard
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Maret G Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Richard S Bruno
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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Verrastro I, Pasha S, Jensen KT, Pitt AR, Spickett CM. Mass spectrometry-based methods for identifying oxidized proteins in disease: advances and challenges. Biomolecules 2015; 5:378-411. [PMID: 25874603 PMCID: PMC4496678 DOI: 10.3390/biom5020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many inflammatory diseases have an oxidative aetiology, which leads to oxidative damage to biomolecules, including proteins. It is now increasingly recognized that oxidative post-translational modifications (oxPTMs) of proteins affect cell signalling and behaviour, and can contribute to pathology. Moreover, oxidized proteins have potential as biomarkers for inflammatory diseases. Although many assays for generic protein oxidation and breakdown products of protein oxidation are available, only advanced tandem mass spectrometry approaches have the power to localize specific oxPTMs in identified proteins. While much work has been carried out using untargeted or discovery mass spectrometry approaches, identification of oxPTMs in disease has benefitted from the development of sophisticated targeted or semi-targeted scanning routines, combined with chemical labeling and enrichment approaches. Nevertheless, many potential pitfalls exist which can result in incorrect identifications. This review explains the limitations, advantages and challenges of all of these approaches to detecting oxidatively modified proteins, and provides an update on recent literature in which they have been used to detect and quantify protein oxidation in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Verrastro
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Sabah Pasha
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Karina Tveen Jensen
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Andrew R Pitt
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Corinne M Spickett
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
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Tsikas D, Duncan MW. Mass spectrometry and 3-nitrotyrosine: strategies, controversies, and our current perspective. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:237-76. [PMID: 24167057 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Reactive-nitrogen species (RNS) such as peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)), that is, the reaction product of nitric oxide ((•)NO) and superoxide (O2(-•)), nitryl chloride (NO2Cl) and (•)NO2 react with the activated aromatic ring of tyrosine to form 3-nitrotyrosine. This modification, which has been known for more than a century, occurs to both the free form of the amino acid (i.e., soluble/free tyrosine) and to tyrosine residues covalently bound within the backbone of peptides and proteins. Nitration of tyrosine is thought to be of biological significance and has been linked to health and disease, but determining its role has proved challenging. Several key questions have been the focus of much of the research activity: (a) to what extent is free/soluble tyrosine nitrated in biological tissues and fluids, and (b) are there specific site(s) of nitration within peptides/proteins and to what extent (i.e., stoichiometry) does this modification occur? These issues have been addressed in a wide range of sample types (e.g., blood, urine, CSF, exhaled breath condensate and various tissues) and a diverse array of physiological/pathophysiological scenarios. The accurate determination of nitrated tyrosine is, however, a stumbling block. Despite extensive study, the extent to which nitration occurs in vivo, the specificity of the nitration reaction, and its importance in health and disease, remain unclear. In this review, we highlight the analytical challenges and discuss the approaches adopted to address them. Mass spectrometry, in combination with either gas chromatography (GC-MS, GC-MS/MS) or liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS), has played the central role in the analysis of 3-nitrotyrosine and tyrosine-nitrated biological macromolecules. We discuss its unique attributes and highlight the role of stable-isotope labeled 3-nitrotyrosine analogs in both accurate quantification, and in helping to define the biological relevance of tyrosine nitration. We show that the application of sophisticated mass spectrometric techniques is advantageous if not essential, but that this alone is by no means a guarantee of accurate findings. We discuss the important analytical challenges in quantifying 3-nitrotyrosine, possible workarounds, and we attempt to make sense of the disparate findings that have been reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsikas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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36
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Corradi D, Callegari S, Manotti L, Ferrara D, Goldoni M, Alinovi R, Pinelli S, Mozzoni P, Andreoli R, Asimaki A, Pozzoli A, Becchi G, Mutti A, Benussi S, Saffitz JE, Alfieri O. Persistent lone atrial fibrillation: clinicopathologic study of 19 cases. Heart Rhythm 2014; 11:1250-8. [PMID: 24560692 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent to which atrial myocardium is remodeled in patients with persistent lone atrial fibrillation (LAF) is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to perform a clinicopathologic investigation in patients with persistent LAF. METHODS We characterized structural and molecular remodeling in atrial biopsies from 19 patients (17 males, mean age 49 years) with persistent (>7 days; n = 8) or long-lasting persistent (>1 year; n = 11) LAF who underwent surgical ablation. Atrial tissue from 15 autopsy samples without clinicopathologic evidence of heart disease served as controls. RESULTS Morphometric analysis showed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and greater amounts of myolytic damage and interstitial fibrosis in persistent LAF patients compared to controls (P <.0001). Atrial tissue levels of heme oxygenase-1 and 3-nitrotyrosine were increased in persistent LAF patients (P <.001), consistent with oxidative stress. Levels of superoxide dismutase-2, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance were greater in controls than in persistent LAF patients. Immunoreactive signal for connexin43 was reduced more frequently in persistent LAF patients than controls. There was no correlation between features of structural or molecular remodeling and clinical parameters, including persistent LAF duration. CONCLUSION In persistent LAF patients, the atria are modified by structural remodeling and molecular changes of oxidative stress. Tissue changes in persistent LAF appear to occur early after its onset and are qualitatively no different than those observed in patients with atrial fibrillation related to conventional risk factors. These findings suggest that different types of atrial fibrillation are associated with the same spectrum of tissue lesions. Early intervention to restore sinus rhythm in persistent LAF patients may prevent irreversible tissue change, especially interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Corradi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Unit of Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | - Laura Manotti
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Unit of Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - David Ferrara
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiology, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Goldoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Rossella Alinovi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvana Pinelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Mozzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL) Research Center at the University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Andreoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL) Research Center at the University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Angeliki Asimaki
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alberto Pozzoli
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiology, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Becchi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Unit of Pathology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Mutti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Benussi
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiology, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Jeffrey E Saffitz
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ottavio Alfieri
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiology, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Uzasci L, Nath A, Cotter R. Oxidative stress and the HIV-infected brain proteome. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2013; 8:1167-80. [PMID: 23475542 PMCID: PMC3714334 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-013-9444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is capable of infiltrating the brain and infecting brain cells. In the years following HIV infection, patients show signs of various levels of neurocognitive problems termed HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Although the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced the incidence of HIV-dementia, which is the most severe form of HAND, the milder forms have become more prevalent today due to the increased life expectancy of infected individuals. Pre-HAART era markers such as HIV RNA level, CD4+ count, TNF-α, MCP-1 and M-CSF are not able to clearly distinguish mild from advanced HAND. One promising approach for new biomarker discovery is the identification and quantitation of proteins that are post-translationally modified by oxidative and nitrosative species. The occurrence of oxidative and nitrosative stress in HIV-infected brain, both through the early direct and indirect effects of viral proteins and through the later effect on mitochondrial integrity during apoptosis, is well-established. This review will focus on how the reactive species are produced in the brain after HIV infection, the specific oxidative and nitrosative species that are involved in the post-translational modification of the brain proteome, and the methods that are currently used for the detection of such modified proteins. This review also provides an overview of related research pertaining to oxidative stress-related HAND using cerebrospinal fluid and human brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lerna Uzasci
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA,
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Kubáň P, Foret F. Exhaled breath condensate: Determination of non-volatile compounds and their potential for clinical diagnosis and monitoring. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 805:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ahsan H. 3-Nitrotyrosine: A biomarker of nitrogen free radical species modified proteins in systemic autoimmunogenic conditions. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1392-9. [PMID: 23777924 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The free radical-mediated damage to proteins results in the modification of amino acid residues, cross-linking of side chains and fragmentation. l-Tyrosine and protein bound tyrosine are prone to attack by various mediators and reactive nitrogen intermediates to form 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT). Activated macrophages produce superoxide (O2(·-)) and NO, which are converted to peroxynitrite ONO2(-). 3-NT formation is also catalyzed by a class of peroxidases utilizing nitrite and hydrogen peroxide as substrates. Evidence supports the formation of 3-NT in vivo in diverse pathologic conditions and 3-NT is thought to be a relatively specific marker of oxidative damage mediated by peroxynitrite. Free/protein-bound tyrosines are attacked by various RNS, including peroxynitrite, to form free/protein-bound 3-NT, which may provide insight into the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune conditions. The formation of nitrotyrosine represents a specific peroxynitrite-mediated protein modification; thus, detection of nitrotyrosine in proteins is considered as a biomarker for endogenous peroxynitrite activity. The peroxynitrite-driven oxidation and nitration of biomolecules may lead to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus. The subsequent release of altered proteins may enable them to act as antigen-inducing antibodies against self-proteins. Hence, tyrosine nitrated proteins can act as neoantigens and lead to the generation of autoantibodies against self proteins in various autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
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40
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Preconcentration of 3-nitrotyrosine in urine by transient isotachophoresis in MEKC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 78-79:100-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ng JY, Boelen L, Wong JWH. Bioinformatics analysis reveals biophysical and evolutionary insights into the 3-nitrotyrosine post-translational modification in the human proteome. Open Biol 2013; 3:120148. [PMID: 23389939 PMCID: PMC3603447 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.120148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein 3-nitrotyrosine is a post-translational modification that commonly arises from the nitration of tyrosine residues. This modification has been detected under a wide range of pathological conditions and has been shown to alter protein function. Whether 3-nitrotyrosine is important in normal cellular processes or is likely to affect specific biological pathways remains unclear. Using GPS-YNO2, a recently described 3-nitrotyrosine prediction algorithm, a set of predictions for nitrated residues in the human proteome was generated. In total, 9.27 per cent of the proteome was predicted to be nitratable (27 922/301 091). By matching the predictions against a set of curated and experimentally validated 3-nitrotyrosine sites in human proteins, it was found that GPS-YNO2 is able to predict 73.1 per cent (404/553) of these sites. Furthermore, of these sites, 42 have been shown to be nitrated endogenously, with 85.7 per cent (36/42) of these predicted to be nitrated. This demonstrates the feasibility of using the predicted dataset for a whole proteome analysis. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was subsequently performed on predicted and all experimentally validated nitrated tyrosine. This found mild but specific biophysical constraints that affect the susceptibility of tyrosine to nitration, and these may play a role in increasing the likelihood of 3-nitrotyrosine to affect processes, including phosphorylation and DNA binding. Furthermore, examining the evolutionary conservation of predicted 3-nitrotyrosine showed that, relative to non-nitrated tyrosine residues, 3-nitrotyrosine residues are generally less conserved. This suggests that, at least in the majority of cases, 3-nitrotyrosine is likely to have a deleterious effect on protein function and less likely to be important in normal cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Y Ng
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
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42
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Mergola L, Scorrano S, Del Sole R, Lazzoi MR, Vasapollo G. Developments in the synthesis of a water compatible molecularly imprinted polymer as artificial receptor for detection of 3-nitro-l-tyrosine in neurological diseases. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 40:336-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2012.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Queisser N, Schupp N. Aldosterone, oxidative stress, and NF-κB activation in hypertension-related cardiovascular and renal diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:314-27. [PMID: 22609249 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid aldosterone regulates electrolyte and fluid balance and is involved in blood pressure homoeostasis. Classically, it binds to its intracellular mineralocorticoid receptor to induce expression of proteins influencing the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal nephron. Aldosterone gained special attention when large clinical studies showed that blocking its receptor in patients with cardiovascular diseases reduced their mortality. These patients present increased plasma aldosterone levels. The exact mechanisms of the potential toxic effects of aldosterone leading to cardiovascular damage are not known yet. The observation of reduced nitric oxide bioavailability in hyperaldosteronism implied the generation of oxidative stress by aldosterone. Subsequent studies confirmed the increase of oxidative stress markers in patients with chronic heart failure and in animal models of hyperaldosteronism. The effects of reactive oxygen species have been related to the activation of transcription factors, such as NF-κB. This review summarizes the present-day knowledge of aldosterone-induced oxidative stress and NF-κB activation in humans and different experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Queisser
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
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44
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Berton P, Domínguez-Romero JC, Wuilloud RG, Sánchez-Calvo B, Chaki M, Carreras A, Valderrama R, Begara-Morales JC, Corpas FJ, Barroso JB, Gilbert-López B, García-Reyes JF, Molina-Díaz A. Determination of nitrotyrosine in Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures with a mixed-mode solid-phase extraction cleanup followed by liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:1495-503. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6220-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Duncan MW. Good mass spectrometry and its place in good science. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:795-809. [PMID: 22707172 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The mass spectrometry community has expanded as instruments became more powerful, user-friendly, affordable and readily available. This opens up opportunities for novice users to perform high impact research, using highly advanced instrumentation. This introductory tutorial is targeted at the novice user working in a research setting. It aims to offer the benefit of other people's experiences and to help newcomers avoid known pitfalls and problematic issues. It discusses some of the essential features of sound analytical chemistry and highlights the need to use validated analytical methods that provide high quality results along with a measure of their uncertainty. Examples are used to illustrate potential pitfalls and their consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Duncan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver-School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
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Guo J, Prokai-Tatrai K, Prokai L. Relative quantitation of protein nitration by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry using isotope-coded dimethyl labeling and chemoprecipitation. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1232:266-75. [PMID: 22285050 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein nitration has been recognized as an important biomarker for nitroxidative stress associated with various diseases. While identification of protein targets for nitration is important, its quantitative profiling also is necessary to understand the biological impact of this low-abundance posttranslational modification. We have previously reported an efficient and straightforward enrichment method for nitropeptides to reduce sample complexity and permit unambiguous site-specific identifications by LC-MS analyses. This approach relies on two chemical derivatization steps: specifically reductive methylation of aliphatic amines and, then, conversion of nitrotyrosines to the corresponding aminotyrosines before their selective capture by a solid-phase reagent we introduced previously. Hence, the method inherently offers the opportunity for relative quantitation of nitropeptides by using isotopic variants of formaldehyde for reductive methylation. This simple method was tested via LC-MS analyses of differently N-methylated nitropeptides and nitroubiquitin as a model nitroprotein enriched from human serum albumin digest and from human plasma, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Tsikas D, Mitschke A, Gutzki FM. Measurement of 3-nitro-tyrosine in human plasma and urine by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 828:255-70. [PMID: 22125150 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-445-2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as peroxynitrite and nitryl chloride with soluble tyrosine and tyrosine residues in proteins produces soluble 3-nitro-tyrosine and 3-nitro-tyrosino-proteins, respectively. Regular proteolysis of 3-nitro-tyrosino-proteins yields soluble 3-nitro-tyrosine. 3-Nitro-tyrosine circulates in plasma and is excreted in the urine. Both circulating and excretory 3-nitro-tyrosine are considered suitable biomarkers of nitrative stress. Tandem mass spectrometry coupled with gas chromatography (GC-MS/MS) or liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS) is one of the most reliable analytical techniques to determine 3-nitro-tyrosine. Here, we describe protocols for the quantitative determination of soluble 3-nitro-tyrosine in human plasma and urine by GC-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsikas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Prokai-Tatrai K, Guo J, Prokai L. Selective chemoprecipitation and subsequent release of tagged species for the analysis of nitropeptides by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Mol Cell Proteomics 2011; 10:M110.002923. [PMID: 21540302 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m110.002923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine nitration is a low-abundance post-translational protein modification that requires appropriate enrichment techniques to enable proteomic analyses. We report a simple yet highly specific method to enrich nitropeptides by chemoprecipitation involving only two straightforward chemical modifications of the nitropeptides before capturing the obtained derivatives with a strategically designed solid-phase active ester reagent. Specifically, capping of the aliphatic amines in the peptides is done first by reductive methylation to preserve the charge state of peptides for electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis, followed by reduction of nitrotyrosines to the corresponding aminotyrosines. These peptides are then immobilized on the solid-phase active ester reagent, whereas other peptides carrying no free amino groups are separated from the immobilized species by thoroughly washing the beads from which the tagged peptide derivatives can easily be released by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis at room temperature. The benefits of selective enrichment from a matrix of unmodified peptides for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry are demonstrated on three synthetic nitropeptides that are nitrated fragments of biologically relevant proteins. Identification of several in vitro nitrated human plasma proteins, also implicated under various pathological processes, by database searches from the enriched and tagged tryptic nitropeptides is presented as a practical application. We also show that converting the nitro-group to the small 4-formylbenzoylamido tag does not significantly alter fragmentation properties upon collision-induced dissociation compared with those of the native nitropeptides, and at the same time this derivatization actually improves electron capture dissociation due to conversion of the electron-predator nitro-group to this novel tag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Prokai-Tatrai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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