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Song BX, Azhar L, Koo GKY, Marzolini S, Gallagher D, Swardfager W, Chen C, Ba J, Herrmann N, Lanctôt KL. The effect of exercise on blood concentrations of angiogenesis markers in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 135:15-25. [PMID: 38147807 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Impaired angiogenesis is associated with cognitive decline in older adults. While exercise has been broadly associated with increased angiogenesis, the relevant mechanisms in older adults are not clear. Here, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between exercise and specific blood angiogenesis markers in older adults to better understand the relevant mechanisms. MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for original reports of angiogenesis markers' concentrations in blood before and after exercise in older adults (≥50 years). Heterogeneity was investigated using sub-group analyses and meta-regressions. Of the 44 articles included in the review, 38 were included in the meta-analyses for five markers: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), e-selectin (CD62E), endostatin, fibroblast growth factor 2, and matrix metallopeptidase-9. VEGF levels were higher (SMD[95%CI]= 0.18[0.03, 0.34], and CD62E levels were lower (SMD[95%CI]= -0.72[-1.42, -0.03], p = 0.04) after exercise. No other markers were altered. Although more studies are needed, changes in angiogenesis markers may help explain the beneficial effects of exercise on angiogenesis in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xin Song
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laiba Azhar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Grace Ka Yi Koo
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan Marzolini
- KITE - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Damien Gallagher
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clara Chen
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joycelyn Ba
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; KITE - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Song BX, Azhar L, Koo GKY, Marzolini S, Gallagher D, Swardfager W, Chen C, Ba J, Herrmann N, Lanctôt K. The effect of exercise on blood concentrations of angiogenesis markers in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2468576. [PMID: 36711740 PMCID: PMC9882692 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2468576/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Physical exercise has positive impacts on health and can improve angiogenesis, which is impaired during aging, but the underlying mechanisms of benefit are unclear. This meta-analysis and systematic review investigated the effects of exercise on several peripheral angiogenesis markers in older adults to better understand the relationship between exercise and angiogenesis. Methods MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for original, peer-reviewed reports of peripheral concentrations of angiogenesis markers before and after exercise interventions in older adults (> 50 years). The risk of bias was assessed with standardized criteria. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated from random-effects models. Publication bias was assessed with Egger's test, funnel plots, and trim-and-fill. A priori subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed to investigate heterogeneity where possible. Results Of the 44 articles included in the review, 38 were included in meta-analyses for five proteins. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was found to be higher after exercise (SMD[95%CI] = 0.18[0.03, 0.34], p = 0.02), and e-selectin (CD62E) was found to be lower after exercise (SMD[95%CI]= -0.72[-1.42, -0.03], p = 0.04). Endostatin (SMD[95%CI] = 0.28[-0.56, 1.11], p = 0.5), fibroblast growth factor 2 (SMD[95%CI] = 0.03[-0.18, 0.23], p = 0.8), and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (SMD[95%CI] = -0.26[-0.97, 0.45], p = 0.5) levels did not change after exercise. Conclusions Of the five angiogenesis blood markers evaluated in this meta-analysis, only VEGF and CD62E changed with exercise. Although more studies are needed, changes in angiogenesis markers may explain the beneficial effects of exercise on angiogenesis and health in older adults.
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Nascimento TS, Pinto DV, Dias RP, Raposo RS, Nunes PIG, Roque CR, Santos FA, Andrade GM, Viana JL, Fostier AH, Sussulini A, Alvarez-Leite JI, Fontes-Ribeiro C, Malva JO, Oriá RB. Chronic Methylmercury Intoxication Induces Systemic Inflammation, Behavioral, and Hippocampal Amino Acid Changes in C57BL6J Adult Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13837. [PMID: 36430321 PMCID: PMC9697706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is highly toxic to the human brain. Although much is known about MeHg neurotoxic effects, less is known about how chronic MeHg affects hippocampal amino acids and other neurochemical markers in adult mice. In this study, we evaluated the MeHg effects on systemic lipids and inflammation, hippocampal oxidative stress, amino acid levels, neuroinflammation, and behavior in adult male mice. Challenged mice received MeHg in drinking water (2 mg/L) for 30 days. We assessed weight gain, total plasma cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), endotoxin, and TNF levels. Hippocampal myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), amino acid levels, and cytokine transcripts were evaluated. Mice underwent open field, object recognition, Y, and Barnes maze tests. MeHg-intoxicated mice had higher weight gain and increased the TG and TC plasma levels. Elevated circulating TNF and LPS confirmed systemic inflammation. Higher levels of MPO and MDA and a reduction in IL-4 transcripts were found in the hippocampus. MeHg-intoxication led to increased GABA and glycine, reduced hippocampal taurine levels, delayed acquisition in the Barnes maze, and poor locomotor activity. No significant changes were found in AChE activity and object recognition. Altogether, our findings highlight chronic MeHg-induced effects that may have long-term mental health consequences in prolonged exposed human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyciane S. Nascimento
- Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Daniel V. Pinto
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo P. Dias
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Ramon S. Raposo
- Experimental Biology Core, Health Sciences Center, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza 60812-020, Brazil
| | - Paulo Iury G. Nunes
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Cássia R. Roque
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Flávia A. Santos
- Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
| | - Geanne M. Andrade
- Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-275, Brazil
| | - José Lucas Viana
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Anne H. Fostier
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Sussulini
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline I. Alvarez-Leite
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Nutritional Biochemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fontes-Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João O. Malva
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Reinaldo B. Oriá
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil
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Abud GF, De Carvalho FG, Batitucci G, Travieso SG, Junior CRB, Junior FB, Marchini JS, de Freitas EC. Taurine as a possible anti-aging therapy? A controlled clinical trial on taurine antioxidant activity in women aged 55 to 70 years. Nutrition 2022; 101:111706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Thalamuthu A, Mills NT, Berger K, Minnerup H, Grotegerd D, Dannlowski U, Meinert S, Opel N, Repple J, Gruber M, Nenadić I, Stein F, Brosch K, Meller T, Pfarr JK, Forstner AJ, Hoffmann P, Nöthen MM, Witt S, Rietschel M, Kircher T, Adams M, McIntosh AM, Porteous DJ, Deary IJ, Hayward C, Campbell A, Grabe HJ, Teumer A, Homuth G, van der Auwera-Palitschka S, Schubert KO, Baune BT. Genome-wide interaction study with major depression identifies novel variants associated with cognitive function. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1111-1119. [PMID: 34782712 PMCID: PMC7612684 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) often is associated with significant cognitive dysfunction. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide interaction of MDD and cognitive function using data from four large European cohorts in a total of 3510 MDD cases and 6057 controls. In addition, we conducted analyses using polygenic risk scores (PRS) based on data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) on the traits of MDD, Bipolar disorder (BD), Schizophrenia (SCZ), and mood instability (MIN). Functional exploration contained gene expression analyses and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®). We identified a set of significantly interacting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between MDD and the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of cognitive domains of executive function, processing speed, and global cognition. Several of these SNPs are located in genes expressed in brain, with important roles such as neuronal development (REST), oligodendrocyte maturation (TNFRSF21), and myelination (ARFGEF1). IPA® identified a set of core genes from our dataset that mapped to a wide range of canonical pathways and biological functions (MPO, FOXO1, PDE3A, TSLP, NLRP9, ADAMTS5, ROBO1, REST). Furthermore, IPA® identified upstream regulator molecules and causal networks impacting on the expression of dataset genes, providing a genetic basis for further clinical exploration (vitamin D receptor, beta-estradiol, tadalafil). PRS of MIN and meta-PRS of MDD, MIN and SCZ were significantly associated with all cognitive domains. Our results suggest several genes involved in physiological processes for the development and maintenance of cognition in MDD, as well as potential novel therapeutic agents that could be explored in patients with MDD associated cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalie T Mills
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heike Minnerup
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jonathan Repple
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marius Gruber
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg - UKGM Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg - UKGM Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Brosch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg - UKGM Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tina Meller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg - UKGM Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia-Katharina Pfarr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg - UKGM Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephanie Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg - UKGM Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mark Adams
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra van der Auwera-Palitschka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - K Oliver Schubert
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Northern Adelaide Mental Health Service, Salisbury, SA, Australia
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Roysommuti S, Wyss JM. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Potentiates Entorhinal-Dentate but not Hippocampus CA1 Pathway in Adult Male Rats: A Mechanism of Taurine-Modulated BDNF on Learning and Memory. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:369-379. [PMID: 35882811 PMCID: PMC9467516 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Taurine plays an important role in neural growth and function from early to adult life, particularly in learning and memory via BDNF action. This study tested the hypothesis that BDNF differentially potentiates entorhinal-hippocampal synaptic transmission in vivo in adult rats. In anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats, a stainless steel recording electrode with an attached microinjector was placed into CA1 and the dentate gyrus to record fEPSP, and a paired stainless steel electrode was inserted into entorhinal cortex for continuous paired-pulse stimulation of that brain region. In the dentate gyrus, microinjection of BDNF resulted in a gradual increase in the peak slope of the fEPSP. Following the infusion, the peak fEPSP began to rise in about 8 min, reached a maximum of 120 ± 2% (from baseline) by about 20 min, and remained near peak elevation (~115%) for more than 30 min. In contrast, the same dose of BDNF when injected into CA1 had no consistent effect on fEPSP slopes in the CA1. Further, an equimolar cytochrome C (horse heart) infusion had no significant effect on fEPSP slopes in either the dentate gyrus or CA1. The potentiation effect of BDNF in the dentate gyrus is consistent with a significant increase in power spectral density of dentate gyrus field potentials at 70-200 Hz, but not at frequencies below 70 Hz. In addition, the CA1 power spectral density was not affected by BDNF (compared to cytochrome C). These data indicate that in vivo BDNF potentiates entorhinal-hippocampal synaptic transmission in dentate gyrus, but not in CA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Roysommuti
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - James Michael Wyss
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Baliou S, Adamaki M, Ioannou P, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, Spandidos DA, Christodoulou I, Kyriakopoulos AM, Zoumpourlis V. Protective role of taurine against oxidative stress (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:605. [PMID: 34184084 PMCID: PMC8240184 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a fundamental mediator of homeostasis that exerts multiple roles to confer protection against oxidant stress. The development of hypertension, muscle/neuro‑associated disorders, hepatic cirrhosis, cardiac dysfunction and ischemia/reperfusion are examples of some injuries that are linked with oxidative stress. The present review gives a comprehensive description of all the underlying mechanisms of taurine, with the aim to explain its anti‑oxidant actions. Taurine is regarded as a cytoprotective molecule due to its ability to sustain normal electron transport chain, maintain glutathione stores, upregulate anti‑oxidant responses, increase membrane stability, eliminate inflammation and prevent calcium accumulation. In parallel, the synergistic effect of taurine with other potential therapeutic modalities in multiple disorders are highlighted. Apart from the results derived from research findings, the current review bridges the gap between bench and bedside, providing mechanistic insights into the biological activity of taurine that supports its potential therapeutic efficacy in clinic. In the future, further clinical studies are required to support the ameliorative effect of taurine against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Baliou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Adamaki
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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Kaliszewska A, Allison J, Martini M, Arias N. Improving Age-Related Cognitive Decline through Dietary Interventions Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073574. [PMID: 33808221 PMCID: PMC8036520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is inevitable and it is one of the major contributors to cognitive decline. However, the mechanisms underlying age-related cognitive decline are still the object of extensive research. At the biological level, it is unknown how the aging brain is subjected to progressive oxidative stress and neuroinflammation which determine, among others, mitochondrial dysfunction. The link between mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment is becoming ever more clear by the presence of significant neurological disturbances in human mitochondrial diseases. Possibly, the most important lifestyle factor determining mitochondrial functioning is nutrition. Therefore, with the present work, we review the latest findings disclosing a link between nutrition, mitochondrial functioning and cognition, and pave new ways to counteract cognitive decline in late adulthood through diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kaliszewska
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Joseph Allison
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (A.K.); (J.A.)
| | - Matteo Martini
- Department of Psychology, University of East London, London E154LZ, UK;
| | - Natalia Arias
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK; (A.K.); (J.A.)
- Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), 33005 Oviedo, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Caldo-Silva A, Furtado GE, Chupel MU, Bachi ALL, de Barros MP, Neves R, Marzetti E, Massart A, Teixeira AM. Effect of Training-Detraining Phases of Multicomponent Exercises and BCAA Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers and Albumin Levels in Frail Older Persons. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041106. [PMID: 33800577 PMCID: PMC8066027 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, it is accepted that the regular practice of exercise and branched-chain amino acids supplementation (BCAAs) can benefit the immune responses in older persons, prevent the occurrence of physical frailty (PF), cognitive decline, and aging-related comorbidities. However, the impact of their combination (as non-pharmacological interventions) in albumin and the inflammatory markers is not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of a 40-week multifactorial intervention [MIP, multicomponent exercise (ME) associated or not with BCAAs] on plasma levels of inflammatory markers and albumin in frail older persons (≥75 years old) living at residential care homes (RCH). This study consisted of a prospective, naturalistic, controlled clinical trial with four arms of multifactorial and experimental (interventions-wahshout-interventions) design. The intervention groups were ME + BCAAs (n = 8), ME (n = 7), BCAAs (n = 7), and control group (n = 13). Lower limb muscle-strength, cognitive profile, and PF tests were concomitantly evaluated with plasma levels of albumin, anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines [Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) respectively], TNF-α/IL-10 ratio, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity at four different time-points: Baseline (T1), after 16 weeks of multifactorial intervention (T2), then after a subsequent 8 weeks washout period (T3) and finally, after an additional 16 weeks of multifactorial intervention (T4). Improvement of cognitive profile and muscle strength-related albumin levels, as well as reduction in the TNF-α levels were found particularly in ME plus BCAAs group. No significant variations were observed over time for TNF-α/IL-10 ratio or MPO activity. Overall, the study showed that MIP triggered slight alterations in the inflammatory and physical function of the frail older participants, which could provide independence and higher quality of life for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Caldo-Silva
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education—(FCDEF-UC), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.N.); (A.M.); (A.M.T.)
- Research Centre for Sport and Physical Activity, CIDAF-FCDEF-UC, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (A.C.-S.); (G.E.F.)
| | - Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado
- Research Centre for Sport and Physical Activity, CIDAF-FCDEF-UC, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISAE), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3000-232 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.-S.); (G.E.F.)
| | - Matheus Uba Chupel
- Research Centre for Sport and Physical Activity, CIDAF-FCDEF-UC, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - André L. L. Bachi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ENT Lab, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04025-002, Brazil;
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Marcelo P. de Barros
- Institute of Physical Activity Sciences and Sports (ICAFE), Interdisciplinary Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil;
| | - Rafael Neves
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education—(FCDEF-UC), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.N.); (A.M.); (A.M.T.)
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alain Massart
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education—(FCDEF-UC), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.N.); (A.M.); (A.M.T.)
- Research Centre for Sport and Physical Activity, CIDAF-FCDEF-UC, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana Maria Teixeira
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education—(FCDEF-UC), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.N.); (A.M.); (A.M.T.)
- Research Centre for Sport and Physical Activity, CIDAF-FCDEF-UC, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal;
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